高考英语综合训练卷A 61-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项

原创高考英语综合训练卷 A61 学生版 共47题 满分120分 建议用时100分钟 本卷为无听力书面综合训练，题号沿用笔试部分21—67。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A An Evening at Hilltop Observatory Hilltop Observatory opens to visitors on the first Friday of each month, from 7:30 to 9:30 p.m. The evening begins with a short introduction in the ground-floor room, followed by small-group visits to the telescope upstairs. No previous knowledge of astronomy is needed. Children under twelve must remain with an adult throughout the visit. Tickets cost £8 for adults and £4 for visitors aged sixteen or under. Book through the observatory website by noon on Thursday. Your confirmation email includes a link for choosing a telescope time. Buying a ticket alone does not reserve a place in an upstairs group; use that link to complete your choice. Each group has fifteen minutes with the telescope. The telescope can be reached only by a narrow staircase. Visitors who cannot use the stairs can watch a live telescope view on a screen downstairs and speak with a volunteer there. Please tell us about this requirement when booking so that we can arrange seating. The downstairs programme runs throughout the evening, and visitors may move in and out of it. Cloud may prevent telescope viewing, but the visit will still go ahead, with a demonstration of the equipment and a talk using recorded images. Tickets are refunded only if the observatory cancels the whole evening. Bring a warm layer: the upstairs room is unheated. The small car park closes at 9:45 p.m.; anyone planning to walk into the village afterwards should use the public car park beside the village hall instead. 21. What must ticket holders do to join a telescope group? A. Arrive before the ground-floor introduction. B. Provide evidence of previous astronomy study. C. Pay an additional fee on the evening. D. Choose a time through the confirmation link. 22. How can visitors who cannot use the stairs take part? A. Use a lift with help from a volunteer. B. Watch a live view and ask questions downstairs. C. Join an upstairs group before other visitors. D. Book a separate evening at the village hall. 23. Which visitor should use the village hall car park? A. One who will stay in the village past 9:45 p.m. B. One who has booked the last telescope group. C. One who will watch the live view downstairs. D. One who arrives when cloud covers the sky. B Mara had promised to spend Saturday morning with her grandfather. When he said he first had to visit the old town clock, she imagined a room full of broken wheels and an urgent repair before noon. Mr Field had looked after it for years, but she had never gone with him. He asked her to arrive at seven, before the market below became busy. Above the square, the clock room was cool and surprisingly ordinary. Mr Field put his bag on a stool, compared the hands with his watch and opened a notebook. Most entries contained a date and a short line of figures. Mara sat on the only other chair and waited for something to happen. Below them, traders were unfolding tables. He wound the mechanism, then stood beside it without speaking. After a minute, Mara asked what he was waiting for. 'I'm listening,' he said. He pointed out a faint scrape between the regular clicks. It had not been there the week before. He made a small adjustment, listened again and wrote in the notebook. When Mara asked whether he had saved the clock from stopping, he shook his head. 'Too soon to say that. I wanted to find out what had changed.' At eight, they went down for tea. A stallholder asked whether the clock was running late. Mr Field said it was only a few seconds behind and would be checked again. The stallholder nodded; she used it to judge when to start packing for the morning delivery van. Mara had passed that same clock for years without thinking of anybody making plans by it. That afternoon, Mara found Mr Field entering the morning's figures at his kitchen table. She glanced at the pages filled with small changes, none of which would make anybody stop in the square. Then she asked when he would go back. 'Next Saturday. Same time.' She set a reminder on her phone. This time, she wanted to hear what had happened to the scrape. 24. What had Mara expected from her visit? A. An explanation of how the market was organised. B. A chance to record the clock striking noon. C. A dramatic incident involving a damaged clock. D. An interview about Mr Field's childhood. 25. Why does Mr Field listen before and after the adjustment? A. To make his movements easier for Mara to record. B. To judge when the traders will finish setting up. C. To demonstrate how loudly the clock can strike. D. To check a change in the mechanism's sound. 26. What does the conversation over tea add to the account? A. Evidence that the clock has become difficult to repair. B. A practical reason why its timekeeping matters. C. A disagreement about when the market should open. D. A reason why Mara had returned to the town. 27. What does Mara's reminder at the end suggest? A. She has become interested in the clock's routine care. B. She plans to warn traders to use their own watches. C. She has forgotten an appointment with her grandfather. D. She hopes to see the clock moved to another building. C Small white pieces in ancient Roman concrete were once easy to dismiss as signs of careless mixing. A study published in 2023 asked whether they were doing something useful. Instead of treating the uneven appearance as a fault to explain away, researchers examined the pieces themselves and then tested a possible function. The pieces are rich in calcium and come from lime, an ingredient of the concrete. Their chemistry suggested that the mixture had become very hot during preparation. This supported a process called hot mixing, in which quicklime, a reactive form of lime, is added directly to the other ingredients. Its reaction with water produces heat. The resulting material contains brittle lime-rich pieces that can break when a crack passes through them. That weakness could be useful. Water entering a crack can pick up calcium from the exposed pieces. The calcium can then form new solid material inside the gap, helping to close it. A component that looks poorly blended may therefore act as a reserve for later repair. The proposed benefit concerns what happens after damage, rather than a promise that damage never occurs. To investigate, the team made modern concrete samples inspired by the ancient material, cracked them and allowed water through. In samples containing quicklime, the cracks closed within about two weeks; water continued through the comparison material made without it. The ancient fragments suggested a process worth testing, while the new samples supplied experimental evidence. These roles should not be confused: a laboratory repair does not by itself show how every Roman building survived, but it gives researchers a way to investigate one part of that durability. 28. What prompted the researchers to examine the white pieces? A. A claim that Roman concrete had no calcium in it. B. A plan to make ancient concrete look more even. C. The possibility that an apparent fault had a function. D. The need to remove every remaining trace of lime. 29. How might breaking a lime-rich piece help the concrete? A. It gives entering water access to calcium for filling a gap. B. It prevents water from reaching any damaged surface. C. It removes the need for a reaction inside the crack. D. It releases enough heat to stop the concrete from moving. 30. Why was material without quicklime included in the experiment? A. To reproduce the appearance of every Roman building. B. To measure the age of the ancient fragments directly. C. To show that all concrete cracks at the same rate. D. To compare what happened when that ingredient was absent. 31. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Why Roman Builders Avoided Using Lime B. Clues to Self-Repair in Roman Concrete C. How to Keep Water Out of Every Building D. The Value of Mixing Concrete Until Smooth D A person can spend a pleasant evening drawing a tree and finish with a picture that nobody else wants to see. Has the evening been wasted? The question sounds strange until we consider how often a hobby is judged by what it produces for an audience. A drawing becomes a post, a run becomes a record, and a new recipe becomes something to photograph before anyone eats. Sharing has obvious pleasures. It can connect people who would otherwise work alone, and a thoughtful response may help someone improve. Trouble begins when public approval becomes the only yardstick. An activity then has to produce evidence of success each time. The person drawing may choose the familiar tree that looks impressive instead of attempting the awkward angle that interests them. Private practice allows a different relationship with unfinished work. A musician can repeat a difficult passage without turning the session into a performance. Someone learning to sew can unpick a seam without needing an attractive account of the mistake. These ordinary actions rarely make exciting updates, yet they may occupy most of the time spent learning. When only the finished result is visible, other learners can easily underestimate that hidden time. This is no argument for keeping every hobby secret or refusing useful criticism. Some people enjoy making work for others, and preparing for an exhibition can give a project direction. The important freedom is to decide which parts of an activity need an audience. That decision may change from one day to the next without making the hobby less serious. An unfinished drawing can stay in a drawer. It may be taken out later, or it may not. Its value need not wait for a stranger's response: the person making it may already have spent an hour noticing how light falls between branches. If we leave room for that kind of experience, a hobby can remain something we do, even on days when we have nothing to show. 32. What does the tree-drawing example help the author question? A. Whether beginners should practise drawing natural objects. B. Whether a hobby can improve without expert instruction. C. Whether a hobby needs an audience's approval. D. Whether sharing pictures is more enjoyable than making them. 33. What does the underlined word "yardstick" in paragraph 2 mean? A. Reason for starting. B. Standard of judgement. C. Source of encouragement. D. Method of communication. 34. What is the author's attitude towards keeping some hobby activities private? A. Supportive. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent. 35. What is the main role of paragraph 4? A. To show why public exhibitions should replace private practice. B. To explain why useful criticism makes hobbies less enjoyable. C. To introduce evidence that most hobbyists prefer to work alone. D. To define the argument without rejecting all public sharing. 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you lose something small, such as a key, the urge is to search everywhere at once. You open a drawer, shake a bag and return to the same table. Before another round, separate what you know from what you merely expect. 'I usually put it by the door' describes a habit, not proof that the object is there today. Start with the last occasion on which you definitely used it. ____36____ Perhaps you unlocked the door, answered a call and carried shopping into the kitchen. ____37____ It is more useful than moving randomly between rooms. Search each place properly before moving on. Empty a pocket instead of pressing it from the outside, and lift the papers rather than looking around their edges. ____38____ Otherwise, you may keep returning to the easiest places while overlooking the rest. If somebody helps, divide the area between you so that two people do not repeat the same work. If the first search fails, stop briefly and describe what you have already done. ____39____ They might also ask a question that your own assumptions have hidden. When the item turns up, notice where it was and what interrupted your usual routine. ____40____ A hook near the place where you put down your shopping may help more than a promise to be less forgetful. A. Saying it aloud may reveal a missing step, even when the listener offers no suggestion. B. Ask your helper to follow you and search every place again. C. Work forward from that point, following the actions you actually remember. D. That gives you something specific to change. E. That sequence gives you a route to check. F. The easiest places deserve another check before you search somewhere new. G. Once a place has been checked, mark it as finished in your mind. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For our school radio programme, I arranged to interview Mr Owen, a retired bus driver. I had ____41____ twelve questions and was ____42____ to ask them all. At his kitchen table, I checked the recorder and began with the easiest one: how many years had he driven? 'Thirty-four,' he said. I nodded and moved on. His answers were ____43____. Each time he finished, I ____44____ at my list instead of at him. Halfway through, he mentioned a passenger who always carried two ____45____ baskets. I was already ____46____ my next question when he ____47____. 'Did you want to hear about her?' he asked. I put down the ____48____. 'Yes. Where was she going?' He explained that she sold flowers at the morning market. On his afternoon route, she was returning home after selling the last of her flowers. One wet day she had missed her stop because she had fallen ____49____. At the end of the route, he had asked the driver of a bus going the other way to take her ____50____. 'She brought flowers the next morning,' he ____51____. I asked what she had said, and he laughed before answering. By then, most of my questions had become ____52____. I still needed dates for the programme, but I ____53____ them after he finished the story. Back at school, I ____54____ my repeated 'next question' from the recording. In the final version, the longest part began with a question I had never ____55____ down. 41. A. prepared B. recorded C. cancelled D. avoided 42. A. relieved B. surprised C. determined D. embarrassed 43. A. cheerful B. short C. formal D. familiar 44. A. smiled B. waved C. glared D. glanced 45. A. heavy B. broken C. expensive D. empty 46. A. reading B. answering C. rephrasing D. explaining 47. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. shouted 48. A. cup B. sheet C. recorder D. coat 49. A. behind B. asleep C. apart D. short 50. A. back B. away C. out D. down 51. A. guessed B. denied C. added D. objected 52. A. unfamiliar B. unbelievable C. unexpected D. unnecessary 53. A. changed B. collected C. rejected D. guessed 54. A. cut B. borrowed C. learned D. translated 55. A. broken B. turned C. let D. written 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The little station at Westford no longer receives trains, but on Saturday mornings its doors are open again. Last year, a group of local cyclists ____56____ (rent) the building and turned it into a place ____57____ people could learn to care for their bicycles. The old ticket window is still there, with a handwritten timetable beside it. At first, most visitors expected their bicycles to be ____58____ (repair) for them. Now each owner works side ____59____ side with a volunteer. Beginners are shown how to check the brakes before ____60____ (set) off. Tools of different ____61____ (size) hang above the workbench, and each one is returned to its marked position after use. This makes it much ____62____ (easy) for the next person to find the right tool. The volunteers do not charge for their time, although owners pay for any new parts. One regular visitor recently learnt to mend a tyre ____63____ (she). She had watched the process several times, but doing it took longer ____64____ she expected. Her bicycle is now ready ____65____ the road, and she has signed up to help at the next session. 56 __________ 57 __________ 58 __________ 59 __________ 60 __________ 61 __________ 62 __________ 63 __________ 64 __________ 65 __________ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，上周向英国朋友Chris借了一顶帐篷。归还前，你发现门帘的拉链被自己弄坏了。请给Chris写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 说明情况并致歉；2. 提出处理办法并征求意见。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按邮件格式作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sam and I had lived in the same building since we were six. We walked to school together and spent summer evenings on the steps outside, inventing games that made little sense to anyone else. Then, two weeks before the end of term, he told me his family was moving to another city. He talked about the new flat and asked me to help choose which posters to take. I said I was busy. I was not angry about anything he had done, but hearing him discuss his new life made me feel as though ours had already ended. For the next few days, I found reasons to walk home with other friends. On Friday he knocked on our door. His father was taking the car ahead with their larger bags, he explained. Sam and his mother would catch the Saturday morning bus to the railway station. 'Nine o'clock, from the stop by the bakery,' he said. I nodded, looking at the floor. He waited a moment, then handed me a small cardboard box. 'These are yours as well as mine.' I left the box unopened until the next morning. Inside were a bent spoon from our unsuccessful attempt to grow beans, two cinema tickets and a flat stone with a white line across it. We had found the stone beside the river and argued about who could keep it. In the end, we had agreed to take turns. It had been at Sam's flat for months. Under the tickets was a photograph of us on the steps, both wearing paper crowns. I remembered how long he had spent cutting mine after I tore it. The clock on my desk showed ten to nine. The bus stop was only a few streets away. For days I had acted as if leaving were something he was doing to me. Now he was about to go without knowing how much I would miss him. 注意：续写词数应为150左右；所给段落开头语不计入总词数。 I picked up the box and ran downstairs. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ At the bus stop, neither of us spoke at first. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ A61 英语试题 第 1 页（共 1 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 原创高考英语综合训练卷 A61 教师解析版 共47题 满分120分 建议用时100分钟 本卷为无听力书面综合训练，题号沿用笔试部分21—67。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A An Evening at Hilltop Observatory Hilltop Observatory opens to visitors on the first Friday of each month, from 7:30 to 9:30 p.m. The evening begins with a short introduction in the ground-floor room, followed by small-group visits to the telescope upstairs. No previous knowledge of astronomy is needed. Children under twelve must remain with an adult throughout the visit. Tickets cost £8 for adults and £4 for visitors aged sixteen or under. Book through the observatory website by noon on Thursday. Your confirmation email includes a link for choosing a telescope time. Buying a ticket alone does not reserve a place in an upstairs group; use that link to complete your choice. Each group has fifteen minutes with the telescope. The telescope can be reached only by a narrow staircase. Visitors who cannot use the stairs can watch a live telescope view on a screen downstairs and speak with a volunteer there. Please tell us about this requirement when booking so that we can arrange seating. The downstairs programme runs throughout the evening, and visitors may move in and out of it. Cloud may prevent telescope viewing, but the visit will still go ahead, with a demonstration of the equipment and a talk using recorded images. Tickets are refunded only if the observatory cancels the whole evening. Bring a warm layer: the upstairs room is unheated. The small car park closes at 9:45 p.m.; anyone planning to walk into the village afterwards should use the public car park beside the village hall instead. 21. What must ticket holders do to join a telescope group? A. Arrive before the ground-floor introduction. B. Provide evidence of previous astronomy study. C. Pay an additional fee on the evening. D. Choose a time through the confirmation link. 22. How can visitors who cannot use the stairs take part? A. Use a lift with help from a volunteer. B. Watch a live view and ask questions downstairs. C. Join an upstairs group before other visitors. D. Book a separate evening at the village hall. 23. Which visitor should use the village hall car park? A. One who will stay in the village past 9:45 p.m. B. One who has booked the last telescope group. C. One who will watch the live view downstairs. D. One who arrives when cloud covers the sky. B Mara had promised to spend Saturday morning with her grandfather. When he said he first had to visit the old town clock, she imagined a room full of broken wheels and an urgent repair before noon. Mr Field had looked after it for years, but she had never gone with him. He asked her to arrive at seven, before the market below became busy. Above the square, the clock room was cool and surprisingly ordinary. Mr Field put his bag on a stool, compared the hands with his watch and opened a notebook. Most entries contained a date and a short line of figures. Mara sat on the only other chair and waited for something to happen. Below them, traders were unfolding tables. He wound the mechanism, then stood beside it without speaking. After a minute, Mara asked what he was waiting for. 'I'm listening,' he said. He pointed out a faint scrape between the regular clicks. It had not been there the week before. He made a small adjustment, listened again and wrote in the notebook. When Mara asked whether he had saved the clock from stopping, he shook his head. 'Too soon to say that. I wanted to find out what had changed.' At eight, they went down for tea. A stallholder asked whether the clock was running late. Mr Field said it was only a few seconds behind and would be checked again. The stallholder nodded; she used it to judge when to start packing for the morning delivery van. Mara had passed that same clock for years without thinking of anybody making plans by it. That afternoon, Mara found Mr Field entering the morning's figures at his kitchen table. She glanced at the pages filled with small changes, none of which would make anybody stop in the square. Then she asked when he would go back. 'Next Saturday. Same time.' She set a reminder on her phone. This time, she wanted to hear what had happened to the scrape. 24. What had Mara expected from her visit? A. An explanation of how the market was organised. B. A chance to record the clock striking noon. C. A dramatic incident involving a damaged clock. D. An interview about Mr Field's childhood. 25. Why does Mr Field listen before and after the adjustment? A. To make his movements easier for Mara to record. B. To judge when the traders will finish setting up. C. To demonstrate how loudly the clock can strike. D. To check a change in the mechanism's sound. 26. What does the conversation over tea add to the account? A. Evidence that the clock has become difficult to repair. B. A practical reason why its timekeeping matters. C. A disagreement about when the market should open. D. A reason why Mara had returned to the town. 27. What does Mara's reminder at the end suggest? A. She has become interested in the clock's routine care. B. She plans to warn traders to use their own watches. C. She has forgotten an appointment with her grandfather. D. She hopes to see the clock moved to another building. C Small white pieces in ancient Roman concrete were once easy to dismiss as signs of careless mixing. A study published in 2023 asked whether they were doing something useful. Instead of treating the uneven appearance as a fault to explain away, researchers examined the pieces themselves and then tested a possible function. The pieces are rich in calcium and come from lime, an ingredient of the concrete. Their chemistry suggested that the mixture had become very hot during preparation. This supported a process called hot mixing, in which quicklime, a reactive form of lime, is added directly to the other ingredients. Its reaction with water produces heat. The resulting material contains brittle lime-rich pieces that can break when a crack passes through them. That weakness could be useful. Water entering a crack can pick up calcium from the exposed pieces. The calcium can then form new solid material inside the gap, helping to close it. A component that looks poorly blended may therefore act as a reserve for later repair. The proposed benefit concerns what happens after damage, rather than a promise that damage never occurs. To investigate, the team made modern concrete samples inspired by the ancient material, cracked them and allowed water through. In samples containing quicklime, the cracks closed within about two weeks; water continued through the comparison material made without it. The ancient fragments suggested a process worth testing, while the new samples supplied experimental evidence. These roles should not be confused: a laboratory repair does not by itself show how every Roman building survived, but it gives researchers a way to investigate one part of that durability. 28. What prompted the researchers to examine the white pieces? A. A claim that Roman concrete had no calcium in it. B. A plan to make ancient concrete look more even. C. The possibility that an apparent fault had a function. D. The need to remove every remaining trace of lime. 29. How might breaking a lime-rich piece help the concrete? A. It gives entering water access to calcium for filling a gap. B. It prevents water from reaching any damaged surface. C. It removes the need for a reaction inside the crack. D. It releases enough heat to stop the concrete from moving. 30. Why was material without quicklime included in the experiment? A. To reproduce the appearance of every Roman building. B. To measure the age of the ancient fragments directly. C. To show that all concrete cracks at the same rate. D. To compare what happened when that ingredient was absent. 31. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Why Roman Builders Avoided Using Lime B. Clues to Self-Repair in Roman Concrete C. How to Keep Water Out of Every Building D. The Value of Mixing Concrete Until Smooth D A person can spend a pleasant evening drawing a tree and finish with a picture that nobody else wants to see. Has the evening been wasted? The question sounds strange until we consider how often a hobby is judged by what it produces for an audience. A drawing becomes a post, a run becomes a record, and a new recipe becomes something to photograph before anyone eats. Sharing has obvious pleasures. It can connect people who would otherwise work alone, and a thoughtful response may help someone improve. Trouble begins when public approval becomes the only yardstick. An activity then has to produce evidence of success each time. The person drawing may choose the familiar tree that looks impressive instead of attempting the awkward angle that interests them. Private practice allows a different relationship with unfinished work. A musician can repeat a difficult passage without turning the session into a performance. Someone learning to sew can unpick a seam without needing an attractive account of the mistake. These ordinary actions rarely make exciting updates, yet they may occupy most of the time spent learning. When only the finished result is visible, other learners can easily underestimate that hidden time. This is no argument for keeping every hobby secret or refusing useful criticism. Some people enjoy making work for others, and preparing for an exhibition can give a project direction. The important freedom is to decide which parts of an activity need an audience. That decision may change from one day to the next without making the hobby less serious. An unfinished drawing can stay in a drawer. It may be taken out later, or it may not. Its value need not wait for a stranger's response: the person making it may already have spent an hour noticing how light falls between branches. If we leave room for that kind of experience, a hobby can remain something we do, even on days when we have nothing to show. 32. What does the tree-drawing example help the author question? A. Whether beginners should practise drawing natural objects. B. Whether a hobby can improve without expert instruction. C. Whether a hobby needs an audience's approval. D. Whether sharing pictures is more enjoyable than making them. 33. What does the underlined word "yardstick" in paragraph 2 mean? A. Reason for starting. B. Standard of judgement. C. Source of encouragement. D. Method of communication. 34. What is the author's attitude towards keeping some hobby activities private? A. Supportive. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent. 35. What is the main role of paragraph 4? A. To show why public exhibitions should replace private practice. B. To explain why useful criticism makes hobbies less enjoyable. C. To introduce evidence that most hobbyists prefer to work alone. D. To define the argument without rejecting all public sharing. 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you lose something small, such as a key, the urge is to search everywhere at once. You open a drawer, shake a bag and return to the same table. Before another round, separate what you know from what you merely expect. 'I usually put it by the door' describes a habit, not proof that the object is there today. Start with the last occasion on which you definitely used it. ____36____ Perhaps you unlocked the door, answered a call and carried shopping into the kitchen. ____37____ It is more useful than moving randomly between rooms. Search each place properly before moving on. Empty a pocket instead of pressing it from the outside, and lift the papers rather than looking around their edges. ____38____ Otherwise, you may keep returning to the easiest places while overlooking the rest. If somebody helps, divide the area between you so that two people do not repeat the same work. If the first search fails, stop briefly and describe what you have already done. ____39____ They might also ask a question that your own assumptions have hidden. When the item turns up, notice where it was and what interrupted your usual routine. ____40____ A hook near the place where you put down your shopping may help more than a promise to be less forgetful. A. Saying it aloud may reveal a missing step, even when the listener offers no suggestion. B. Ask your helper to follow you and search every place again. C. Work forward from that point, following the actions you actually remember. D. That gives you something specific to change. E. That sequence gives you a route to check. F. The easiest places deserve another check before you search somewhere new. G. Once a place has been checked, mark it as finished in your mind. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For our school radio programme, I arranged to interview Mr Owen, a retired bus driver. I had ____41____ twelve questions and was ____42____ to ask them all. At his kitchen table, I checked the recorder and began with the easiest one: how many years had he driven? 'Thirty-four,' he said. I nodded and moved on. His answers were ____43____. Each time he finished, I ____44____ at my list instead of at him. Halfway through, he mentioned a passenger who always carried two ____45____ baskets. I was already ____46____ my next question when he ____47____. 'Did you want to hear about her?' he asked. I put down the ____48____. 'Yes. Where was she going?' He explained that she sold flowers at the morning market. On his afternoon route, she was returning home after selling the last of her flowers. One wet day she had missed her stop because she had fallen ____49____. At the end of the route, he had asked the driver of a bus going the other way to take her ____50____. 'She brought flowers the next morning,' he ____51____. I asked what she had said, and he laughed before answering. By then, most of my questions had become ____52____. I still needed dates for the programme, but I ____53____ them after he finished the story. Back at school, I ____54____ my repeated 'next question' from the recording. In the final version, the longest part began with a question I had never ____55____ down. 41. A. prepared B. recorded C. cancelled D. avoided 42. A. relieved B. surprised C. determined D. embarrassed 43. A. cheerful B. short C. formal D. familiar 44. A. smiled B. waved C. glared D. glanced 45. A. heavy B. broken C. expensive D. empty 46. A. reading B. answering C. rephrasing D. explaining 47. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. shouted 48. A. cup B. sheet C. recorder D. coat 49. A. behind B. asleep C. apart D. short 50. A. back B. away C. out D. down 51. A. guessed B. denied C. added D. objected 52. A. unfamiliar B. unbelievable C. unexpected D. unnecessary 53. A. changed B. collected C. rejected D. guessed 54. A. cut B. borrowed C. learned D. translated 55. A. broken B. turned C. let D. written 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The little station at Westford no longer receives trains, but on Saturday mornings its doors are open again. Last year, a group of local cyclists ____56____ (rent) the building and turned it into a place ____57____ people could learn to care for their bicycles. The old ticket window is still there, with a handwritten timetable beside it. At first, most visitors expected their bicycles to be ____58____ (repair) for them. Now each owner works side ____59____ side with a volunteer. Beginners are shown how to check the brakes before ____60____ (set) off. Tools of different ____61____ (size) hang above the workbench, and each one is returned to its marked position after use. This makes it much ____62____ (easy) for the next person to find the right tool. The volunteers do not charge for their time, although owners pay for any new parts. One regular visitor recently learnt to mend a tyre ____63____ (she). She had watched the process several times, but doing it took longer ____64____ she expected. Her bicycle is now ready ____65____ the road, and she has signed up to help at the next session. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，上周向英国朋友Chris借了一顶帐篷。归还前，你发现门帘的拉链被自己弄坏了。请给Chris写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 说明情况并致歉；2. 提出处理办法并征求意见。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按邮件格式作答。 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sam and I had lived in the same building since we were six. We walked to school together and spent summer evenings on the steps outside, inventing games that made little sense to anyone else. Then, two weeks before the end of term, he told me his family was moving to another city. He talked about the new flat and asked me to help choose which posters to take. I said I was busy. I was not angry about anything he had done, but hearing him discuss his new life made me feel as though ours had already ended. For the next few days, I found reasons to walk home with other friends. On Friday he knocked on our door. His father was taking the car ahead with their larger bags, he explained. Sam and his mother would catch the Saturday morning bus to the railway station. 'Nine o'clock, from the stop by the bakery,' he said. I nodded, looking at the floor. He waited a moment, then handed me a small cardboard box. 'These are yours as well as mine.' I left the box unopened until the next morning. Inside were a bent spoon from our unsuccessful attempt to grow beans, two cinema tickets and a flat stone with a white line across it. We had found the stone beside the river and argued about who could keep it. In the end, we had agreed to take turns. It had been at Sam's flat for months. Under the tickets was a photograph of us on the steps, both wearing paper crowns. I remembered how long he had spent cutting mine after I tore it. The clock on my desk showed ten to nine. The bus stop was only a few streets away. For days I had acted as if leaving were something he was doing to me. Now he was about to go without knowing how much I would miss him. 注意：续写词数应为150左右；所给段落开头语不计入总词数。 I picked up the box and ran downstairs. At the bus stop, neither of us spoke at first. 答案与解析 适用对象与用法：面向已完成高中主要语法学习、进入综合复习阶段的学生。本卷为无听力书面综合训练，共47题、120分、100分钟。建议阅读40分钟、语言运用25分钟、写作35分钟；独立作答后，先标出不确定题的最小证据，再核对答案。 命题安排：21—23整合参观规则；24—27从职业观察追踪叙事取向；28—31区分材料机制、对照实验与结论边界；32—35分析观点、词义及论证限定。36—40追踪查找步骤与指代，41—55联系采访中的注意转移，56—65判断时态、被动结构、词形及固定表达。27、29、31、32、35承担较多整合推理，其余以基础与中等任务为主；难度是命题预估，未作实测。 讲评建议：用6分钟让学生对照25与30，分别写出‘观察到什么’和‘还不能断言什么’；若持续扩大结论，再把最接近的干扰项改成文本支持的表述。七选五完成后，用箭头连出36—38的行动顺序，检查是否只靠关键词猜选。完形可比较采访开始和中段‘我’的注意对象。写作的评分、替代思路与修改步骤见66、67题。 答案速查 21 D 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 D 26 B 27 A 28 C 29 A 30 D 31 B 32 C 33 B 34 A 35 D 36 C 37 E 38 G 39 A 40 D 41 A 42 C 43 B 44 D 45 D 46 A 47 C 48 B 49 B 50 A 51 C 52 D 53 B 54 A 55 D 56 rented； 57 where； 58 repaired； 59 by； 60 setting 61 sizes； 62 easier； 63 herself； 64 than； 65 for 阅读理解 21. 标准答案：D 解析：付款只完成购票，确认邮件中的链接用于另选望远镜时段。D保留了这两个步骤的区别；到得早不等于已预约楼上名额。 22. 标准答案：B 解析：楼下提供实时画面和志愿者交流，预约时需说明座位需求。B把观看方式与交流机会合并；原文明确通往望远镜的通道只有窄楼梯，没有电梯安排。 23. 标准答案：A 解析：天文台活动21:30结束，小停车场21:45关闭。活动后还要在村中停留到关闭时间之后的人，应把车停在村礼堂旁；是否阴天、是否上楼并不改变停车规则。可让学生分别标出活动结束和停车场关闭两个时间，检查是否混读。 24. 标准答案：C 解析：开头Mara想象broken wheels和noon之前的urgent repair，期待的是引人注目的修理场面。她并非专为录制正午钟声而来；B借用了noon，却替换了期待的内容。 25. 标准答案：D 解析：他先听出上周没有的摩擦声，微调后再听，并谨慎拒绝‘救了钟’的说法。这一前后比较用于检查变化，不能扩大成已确认排除严重故障。 26. 标准答案：B 解析：摊主用镇钟判断何时为送货车收拾物品，把楼上的维护和楼下的日常安排联系起来。B说明这段对话的作用；钟慢几秒不足以推出难以修理。 27. 标准答案：A 解析：她起初期待破损和紧急修理，后来却主动记下下周再来的时间，想听那处摩擦声有无变化。关注点从戏剧性事故转向日常检查与细微变化；不是提醒自己去见一个已忘记的约会。 28. 标准答案：C 解析：研究改变的是提问方式：过去把白色颗粒当混合不均的缺陷，这次追问它可能有什么作用。C对应首段的对照，不是为改善外观而检查。 29. 标准答案：A 解析：需串联两段：裂缝穿过易碎颗粒，使含钙部分暴露；进入的水携带钙，随后形成固体填补缝隙。水参与这一过程，B把参与反应误写成完全隔绝水。 30. 标准答案：D 解析：两组都制造裂缝并通水，关键差异是是否含quicklime。对照组持续漏水，使研究者能比较这一差异与修复结果；试验并未直接测定古建筑年代或所有材料的开裂速度。 31. 标准答案：B 解析：全文围绕被忽视的石灰颗粒展开：其化学与结构特征提示修复机制，现代试样再提供实验支持。B同时概括研究线索与自修复主题；A与石灰原料事实相反，C把水参与反应改成全面隔绝水，D仍把混合均匀当作目标。 32. 标准答案：C 解析：首段设问与末段回到树枝间的光线共同支撑C：一次活动的价值是否必须等别人认可。作者没有比较‘分享和创作哪个更快乐’，也未讨论专家教学是否必要。 33. 标准答案：B 解析：only与下文‘每次都要产出成功证据’说明public approval被用来衡量活动。yardstick在这里指判断标准，并非交流手段；不能只凭sharing选D。 34. 标准答案：A 解析：作者认可私人练习为重复、拆改和探索留下空间，结尾也肯定无公开成果的一小时。对公开分享的让步不抵消这一支持；态度对象是‘保留部分私人活动’，不是反对一切分享。 35. 标准答案：D 解析：该段承认展示、批评和展览可有价值，再把主张收束为自主决定哪些部分需要观众。它限定前文的论点，避免读者理解为‘一律保密’，没有提供多数人的偏好调查。 七选五 36. 标准答案：C 解析：先确定最后一次实际使用的时刻，C中的from that point承接这一时点，并引出随后开门、接电话、搬东西的动作回溯。不是从平时习惯的位置反复乱找。 37. 标准答案：E 解析：前面列出连续动作，E把这些动作转化为可检查的路线；后句It再评价按路线查找比随机移动更有用。两侧信息共同锁定，不仅看sequence一个词。 38. 标准答案：G 解析：已经要求认真查完一个地方，G补出‘把它视为查完’；后面的Otherwise指出不这样做就会反复回到容易找的地方。F正好鼓励这种重复，与前后逻辑冲突。 39. 标准答案：A 解析：上一句要求描述已经做过的查找，A说明说出来即使无人提建议也可能发现漏步；后句They指listener，并补充听者还可能追问。B要求尾随重查，与前段分工原则不合。 40. 标准答案：D 解析：找到物品后关注位置以及打断习惯的事情，D将这些观察转成可改变的具体条件；末句挂钩位置就是实例。若只保留‘以后细心些’，就丢掉了观察与改进的因果。 完形填空 41. 标准答案：A 解析：十二个问题已在采访前拟好，后文反复看清单与此呼应。prepared说明准备问题；recorded容易受录音设备干扰，但此时录音才刚开始。 42. 标准答案：C 解析：想把十二个问题全部问完的强烈计划，由determined to ask them all表达，也为后文被清单牵着走埋下原因。surprised或embarrassed缺少触发事件。 43. 标准答案：B 解析：先给出Thirty-four这样的简答，接着交代‘每回答完就看清单’，short概括早期回答的长度。不能仅凭在厨房聊天推断其语气一定cheerful。 44. 标准答案：D 解析：视线在清单上而不在受访者身上，glanced at与后文已在读下一题相连。glared带有怒视意味，人物间此时没有冲突。 45. 标准答案：D 解析：乘客下午乘车回家，此前已在早市卖完花，篮子因此是空的。empty由前后行程及用途约束；heavy虽也能修饰篮子，却不符合卖完花返程的线索。 46. 标准答案：A 解析：受访者尚在谈乘客，‘我’已经把注意转到下一题，reading揭示问题。answering会把采访者与回答者的角色颠倒。 47. 标准答案：C 解析：他注意到‘我’没有接住话题，于是停下并直接问是否想听。stopped形成叙述转折；下一句是平静追问，不支持shouted。 48. 标准答案：B 解析：前面出现纸上的问题清单，此处放下sheet使注意力从下一道预设题转向受访者。recorder虽也能被放下，却不能承接前文一直盯着清单的行为线索；本题并不依据设备是否继续录音来判断。 49. 标准答案：B 解析：她睡着才错过车站，fallen asleep能够解释这一结果。fallen behind可表示落后，却不能说明坐在公交车上为何没有下车。 50. 标准答案：A 解析：错过站点后，到终点请返方向的司机把她送回，back由路线关系决定。away仅表示离开，不能表达返回原站。 51. 标准答案：C 解析：花是此前事件之后补充的新细节，added符合叙述继续的功能。denied与引号内肯定陈述不符，也没有前话可供objected反驳。 52. 标准答案：D 解析：顺着故事追问已经获得丰富内容，许多预设问题不再需要。后句仍补问日期，说明并非所有准备都作废，而是unnecessary的范围受most限制。 53. 标准答案：B 解析：日期仍是节目需要的信息，于是等故事讲完再收集。collected保留事实核对的需要；不能为了节目好听而changed或guessed。 54. 标准答案：A 解析：回到学校编辑录音，把重复的next question剪去，cut与from the recording搭配并符合后期处理。不是在现场停止整段录制。 55. 标准答案：D 解析：最终最长片段源自现场追问，问题从未提前写在纸上。written down回扣开篇的十二题，显示采访从依次读题转向听懂后再问。 语法填空 56. 标准答案：rented 解析：Last year把租下车站的动作放在过去；主语a group of local cyclists发出动作，填一般过去时rented，并与后面的turned并列。 57. 标准答案：where 解析：先行词a place在从句中作地点状语，people could learn...的主干完整，填where。若用which，还需让它在从句中承担主语或宾语，而这里没有相应空位。 58. 标准答案：repaired 解析：expected their bicycles to be repaired中，自行车承受修理动作，be后用过去分词。不是填写整个谓语，前面to be已在题面。 59. 标准答案：by 解析：side by side是固定表达，与志愿者并肩操作；两处side限制中间介词为by，不能凭work随意选with。 60. 标准答案：setting 解析：before是介词，其后接动名词。set需双写末尾t再加-ing，得到setting；主语beginners与出发动作一致。 61. 标准答案：sizes 解析：different修饰多种尺寸，size用复数sizes。注意所修饰的是工具的尺寸种类，不是给Tools再次变形。 62. 标准答案：easier 解析：much在此加强比较级，后接easier；it是形式宾语，真正内容为后面的不定式。不能填原级easy，也不是修饰find而填easily。 63. 标准答案：herself 解析：主语She所指的女访客亲自补胎，用herself强调自己完成。不是所有格her，因为空后没有由它限定的名词。 64. 标准答案：than 解析：前面出现longer，后面是she expected，引出比较标准用than。完整意思是实际操作比预计花的时间更长。 65. 标准答案：for 解析：ready for the road表示已经准备好再次上路，for后接名词短语。ready to后应接动词原形，与此处the road不符。 66 应用文写作 参考范文 Dear Chris, I'm sorry to tell you that I damaged the door zip on your tent while packing after our camping trip. I pulled it too hard when the fabric got caught, and now it will not close properly. I've found a local repair shop that can check it on Friday, and I'd like to cover the cost. Before taking it there, I want to check whether you would prefer a different shop. If you need the tent this weekend, I can arrange to borrow another one for you while yours is being repaired. Please let me know what would work best. Thank you for lending it to me. I'm sorry for the trouble I've caused. Best wishes, Li Hua 写作指导 李华向Chris借帐篷，因此称呼写Dear Chris，落款写Li Hua。正文先说明损坏并承担责任，再把第二段展开为具体情况、处理时间与费用、征求物主意见及临时使用安排。每个细节都在帮助Chris决定怎么办，避免用多次道歉挤占解决问题的篇幅。 处理路线不唯一：可以提出经同意后送修并承担费用，也可以先请Chris查看损坏，再协商合适的维修或更换办法。若写更换，应征求对方意见，不能自行保证某店一定修好或承诺送去后立即取回。借用备用帐篷只是合理备选，不是题目规定要点。 课堂评分建议（15分）：任务完成6分，看说明、致歉、办法与征求意见是否完整；组织3分，看主体段的细节是否围绕同一处理方案推进；语言6分，看时态、请求语气和表达是否准确。本分项用于课堂讲评，非官方评分细则。 修改用4分钟：先圈出损坏原因，再给‘谁来做、何时做、谁承担费用、是否征得同意’加下划线；删去与处理无关的露营见闻。上面的范文为课堂展开示例（正文114词），保留完整主体段供学习；按题面约80词限时写作时，可合并开头说明，删去备用帐篷这一支线，保留维修、费用及询问。 67 读后续写 参考范文 I picked up the box and ran downstairs. Mum was at the front door. 'Sam's leaving,' I said, and she stepped aside. I hurried past the shops, holding the lid down with one hand. The bus was not there yet. Sam stood beside his mother, looking towards the road. When he saw me, he straightened, but I could not read his expression. I slowed and walked the last few steps. At the bus stop, neither of us spoke at first. Then I took out the stone. 'I think it's still your turn,' I said. He shook his head. 'Keep it till I come back.' I put it in my pocket and told him I was sorry for avoiding him. 'I didn't know how to say goodbye.' 'You could have said that,' he replied, nudging my shoulder. We agreed to call on Sunday. When the bus came, I helped lift his bag aboard. Through the window he raised an imaginary crown, and I bowed, laughing with wet eyes. 续写指导 原文的核心是‘我’因害怕分离而回避Sam，并非朋友背叛或搬家本身可以被阻止。第一段接拿起盒子下楼，写赶到公交站的过程；第二段从共同沉默展开，完成解释、回应和告别。时间、站点、同行的母亲以及纸盒中的旧物都已有依据，不必临时制造车祸、长篇追车或突然取消搬家。 可用两条合理路线：一是由轮流保管的石头打开话题，承认回避，再约定联系；二是一起看照片或旧票，借共同记忆说出舍不得，送朋友上车。物件不必全部用到，但用到的物件应推动互动；不能只罗列回忆，随后直接写双方都很感动。 课堂评分建议（25分）：内容及原文衔接10分，关注赶到车站、诚实表达与合理告别；语言表达10分；两段连贯5分。仅用于课堂讲评。第二段应有足够的动作和对话，让Sam也作出回应，而不是只写‘我’的独白、感悟或总结。 修改时分别标记第二段中的开口契机、实际说出的话、Sam的回应和告别动作。若只有道歉与拥抱两句，应补出如何打破沉默、对方如何接住话题以及离开前做了什么。范文以递还石头的试探、明确道歉、约定通话和纸冠动作逐步收束，末尾无需再追加普遍道理。 素材与编写说明 天文台规则、镇钟维护、广播采访、车站活动与两道写作为教学情境创设，不对应真实机构公告或人物采访；遗失物品查找与爱好价值为原创论述。阅读C依据下列公开研究资料核对事实，重写语言与叙述结构，题目、解析及范文另行编写；未转载论文图表或原文段落，来源机构未审定本卷。 阅读C事实参考：MIT News，Riddle solved: Why was Roman concrete so durable?（2023-01-06），用于核对石灰颗粒、热混合与修复试验的报道。原网页 阅读C研究论文：Seymour等，Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete，Science Advances（2023-01-06），DOI：10.1126/sciadv.add1602。用于核对样本、提出的机制及实验范围。原网页 A61 英语试题 第 1 页（共 1 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $