Unit 5 Revealing nature单元基础知识检测 2026-2027学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature 单元基础知识检测 一、单句填空 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Darwin collected thousands of ________ (sample) during his voyage. 2. The tortoise moved ________ (slow) across the hot sand. 3. His theory caused a heated ________ (argue) among scientists. 4. The documentary about wildlife is really ________ (fascinate). 5. We were surprised at the ________ (different) between the two species. 6. By the time the ship reached London, Darwin ________ (collect) thousands of samples. 7. Darwin was known ________ his theory of evolution. 8. On the Origin of Species is ________ most important book in the history of biology. 9. Darwin ________ (set) out on his voyage in 1831. 10. The island ________ Darwin made his famous observations lies in the Pacific Ocean. 二、写出画线词在句子中的汉语意思。 11. Scientists believe that humans evolved from apes over millions of years. （　　） 12. By studying fossils, we can learn about our ancestors. （　　） 13. Primitive humans made tools from stones and sticks. （　　） 14. Dinosaurs became extinct about 65 million years ago. （　　） 15. The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest. （　　） 三、选用方框中的短语，并将其适当形式填入句中空白处，有两项多余。 a variety of　　die out　　adapt to　　date back to　　in search of　　be related to　　lead to 16. The shop sells ________ plants, from roses to orchids. 17. Polar bears may ________ if the ice keeps melting. 18. Animals must ________ the changing environment to survive. 19. This ancient coin ________ the Tang Dynasty. 20. Scientists travelled around the world ________ new species. 四、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 21. ____________________________________________（正是达尔文）put forward the theory of evolution. 22. By 1859, Darwin ____________________________________________（已经完成）his famous book. 23. The Galápagos finches ____________________________________________（彼此不同）in the shape of their beaks. 24. We should protect wildlife ____________________________________________（而不是破坏）their homes. 25. ____________________________________________（无论环境多么恶劣）, life finds a way to survive. 五、阅读理解 Closer to Nature Nina, Brazil Hi! I'm Nina from Manaus. My house is near the Amazon rainforest, and bird watching is my favourite hobby. Every Saturday my father and I walk to the river with binoculars and a notebook. So far I have recorded more than sixty kinds of birds, including some rare ones. My dream is to become a biologist and protect the rainforest, because many birds are losing their homes as trees are cut down. Oscar, Spain Hi! I'm Oscar from Barcelona. My town is close to the sea, and I collect fossils on the beach at weekends. Last summer I found the tooth of an ancient shark! I brought it to the natural science museum, and a kind professor explained how old it was and how the animal had lived. Now I read every book about prehistoric life that I can find in the school library. Zara, Pakistan Hi! I'm Zara from Lahore. My grandmother has a small garden full of herbs and flowers, and she knows the use of every plant. She has taught me how to dry leaves, plant seeds and look after young shoots. Working in the garden after school is my favourite way to relax. Plants cannot speak, but if you watch them carefully, they will tell you what they need. Gardening has made me a more patient person. Ethan, New Zealand Hi! I'm Ethan from Auckland. The ocean is my classroom. I joined the marine club at school last year, and we often go snorkelling in the bay. Under the water, I have seen colourful fish, starfish and even a small octopus. Our teacher reminds us never to touch the coral. I think the best way to understand nature is not to read about it, but to observe it with your own eyes. 26. What is Nina's dream? A. To become a biologist and protect the rainforest.　　B. To buy a pair of expensive binoculars. C. To travel around the world.　　D. To write a book about birds. 27. What did Oscar find on the beach? A. A starfish.　　B. A shell collection.　　C. An ancient shark tooth.　　D. A piece of coral. 28. What can we infer about Ethan from the last paragraph? A. He dislikes reading books about nature.　　B. He thinks observing nature directly is the best way to understand it. C. He often touches the coral under the water.　　D. He wants to quit the marine club. 六、完形填空 Last spring, our class went to a nature reserve for a three-day study trip. Our biology teacher, Miss Fang, told us that we would 29 birds and plants there. Early in the morning, we set off with cameras and 30 in our bags. The bus ride took about two hours, and we sang songs the whole way. The reserve was home to 31 birds, some of which I had never seen before. We walked 32 through the forest so that we would not frighten the animals. Miss Fang taught us how to 33 the birds by their colours and songs. To my surprise, I 34 a woodpecker working on a tree trunk. I wrote down its 35 in my notebook at once. On the second day, we helped the workers 36 young trees along the river. The work was hard, but everyone felt 37 and happy. Miss Fang said that every small action 38 towards a greener future. Before we left, we 39 all the rubbish and took it away. Some villagers came to thank us and gave us fresh fruit as a reward. 40 , the trip was not just fun; it was a real lesson in life. We not only learned about birds and trees, but also learned to care. Next spring we will visit the reserve again. I have decided to 41 a nature club at school when I return. Nature is our greatest 42 , and we should treasure it. If everyone 43 a little, the world will become much greener. 29. A. feed　　　　B. observe　　C. buy　　　　D. paint 30. A. snacks　　B. toys　　　　　C. notebooks　D. clothes 31. A. common　B. rare　　　　C. ugly　　　　D. lazy 32. A. loudly　　B. quickly　　C. quietly　　D. bravely 33. A. catch　　B. draw　　　　C. train　　　　D. recognise 34. A. spotted　B. missed　　C. lost　　　　D. hid 35. A. address　B. price　　　　C. number　　D. appearance 36. A. cut　　　　B. burn　　　　C. plant　　　　D. move 37. A. sorry　　B. proud　　　C. afraid　　D. ashamed 38. A. jumps　　B. flies　　　　C. sleeps　　D. counts 39. A. collected　B. produced　C. threw　　　D. burned 40. A. Clearly　B. Luckily　　C. Finally　　D. Strangely 41. A. join　　B. leave　　　　C. watch　　　D. build 42. A. enemy　　B. servant　　C. machine　D. teacher 43. A. destroys　B. contributes　C. wastes　D. ignores 七、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Charles Darwin was one of the greatest 44 (science) in history. In 1831, he set out on a five-year voyage around the world on the ship Beagle. By the time he returned to England, he 45 (collect) thousands of samples of plants and animals. He kept careful notes of everything he saw. The voyage lasted five years and took him to many faraway places. During the voyage, Darwin noticed that animals on different islands were 46 (slight) different. The finches on the Galápagos Islands, 47 beaks were of different shapes, interested him most. Before he wrote his famous book, he 48 (study) the samples for nearly twenty years. In 1859, On the Origin of Species 49 (publish) and immediately caused a storm. Many people were shocked, but young scientists welcomed the new ideas warmly. Today, Darwin's theory 50 (remain) one of the most important ideas in science. 51 humans take action soon, more and more animals will disappear from the earth. 52 (protect) nature is not just the job of scientists; everyone can do something, such as saving water and recycling paper. Only in this way 53 we leave a greener planet to our children. Nature never fails to teach us something new. After all, the earth is the only home we have, and it deserves our care. 八、写作练习 根据方框内的写作要求及括号内的汉语提示，将文章补充完整。 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信询问你的周末活动。上周你参观了自然博物馆，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：参观的时间和内容；你的收获；你们班打算成立自然俱乐部的计划。 Dear Peter, How is everything going? Last week I 54.________________________________(参观了自然博物馆) with my classmates. There we saw many fossils, 55.________________________________(包括) some dinosaur eggs. The guide told us that dinosaurs 56.________________________________(已经灭绝) long before humans appeared. We also watched a short film about how animals 57.________________________________(适应环境) to survive. 58.________________________________(令我惊讶的是), some species are disappearing faster than ever because of human activities. 59.________________________________(受到这次参观的启发), our class has decided to 60.________________________________(成立一个自然俱乐部). We plan to 61.________________________________(观察并记录) the birds around our school every weekend. I think everyone should 62.________________________________(为保护自然出一份力). 63.________________________________(只有这样) can we live in harmony with nature. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 一、单句填空 【答案】 1. samples　　2. slowly　　3. argument　　4. fascinating　　5. difference 6. had collected　　7. for　　8. the　　9. set　　10. where 二、写出画线词在句子中的汉语意思。 【答案】 11.进化　　12.祖先　　13.原始的　　14.灭绝的　　15.栖息地 三、选用方框中的短语，并将其适当形式填入句中空白处，有两项多余。 【答案】 16. a variety of　　17. die out　　18. adapt to　　19. dates back to　　20. in search of 四、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 【答案】 21. It was Darwin that / It was Darwin who 22. had already finished 23. differ from each other 24. instead of destroying 25. However harsh the environment is / No matter how harsh the environment is 五、阅读理解 【答案】26-28 ACB 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕“亲近自然”这一主题，通过四位来自不同国家的学生（Nina、Oscar、Zara、Ethan）的自述，分享了观鸟、收集化石、打理花园和浮潜观察海洋生物的经历，体现了“观察与热爱是最好的自然课”的主题。 解析： 26. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Nina段关键句“My dream is to become a biologist and protect the rainforest”可知，她的梦想是成为生物学家并保护雨林，故选A项。B、C、D三项文中均无依据。 27. C【解析】细节理解题。根据Oscar段关键句“Last summer I found the tooth of an ancient shark”可知，他在海滩上发现了一颗远古鲨鱼的牙齿，故选C项。A、B、D三项文中均无依据。 28. B【解析】推理判断题。根据Ethan段关键句“I think the best way to understand nature is not to read about it, but to observe it with your own eyes”可推知，他认为亲身观察自然是理解自然的最好方式，故选B项。A项与原文不符；C项与“never to touch the coral”相反；D项文中无依据。 六、完形填空 【答案】29-33 BCBCD　　34-38 ADCAD　　39-43 ABCDB 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕“走近自然、保护自然”这一主题，讲述作者班级赴自然保护区开展三日研学，观鸟、记录、植树并带走垃圾的经历，揭示了“自然是最好的老师，点滴行动守护绿色未来”的道理。 解析： 29. B 句意为：方老师告诉我们，我们将在那里观察鸟类和植物。observe意为“观察”，与研学活动呼应。feed意为“喂养”；buy意为“买”；paint意为“画”。故选B项。 30. C 句意为：清晨，我们带着相机和笔记本出发了。notebooks意为“笔记本”，与记录观察内容呼应。snacks意为“零食”；toys意为“玩具”；clothes意为“衣服”。故选C项。 31. B 句意为：保护区是珍稀鸟类的家园，有些我从未见过。rare意为“珍稀的”，与“never seen before”呼应。common意为“常见的”；ugly意为“丑陋的”；lazy意为“懒惰的”。故选B项。 32. C 句意为：我们悄悄地穿过森林，以免惊扰动物。quietly意为“安静地”，与“not frighten the animals”呼应。loudly意为“大声地”；quickly意为“快速地”；bravely意为“勇敢地”。故选C项。 33. D 句意为：方老师教我们如何根据颜色和鸣叫声辨认鸟类。recognise意为“辨认”，符合语境。catch意为“捕捉”；draw意为“画”；train意为“训练”。故选D项。 34. A 句意为：令我惊讶的是，我发现了一只正在树干上啄木的啄木鸟。spotted意为“发现；看到”，与“to my surprise”呼应。missed意为“错过”；lost意为“丢失”；hid意为“藏”。故选A项。 35. D 句意为：我立刻把它的外形特征记在笔记本上。appearance意为“外貌；特征”，与观察记录呼应。address意为“地址”；price意为“价格”；number意为“数字”。故选D项。 36. C 句意为：第二天，我们帮工人们沿河种小树。plant意为“种植”，与young trees搭配。cut意为“砍”；burn意为“烧”；move意为“移动”。故选C项。 37. A 句意为：活很累，但每个人都感到自豪和快乐。proud意为“自豪的”，与劳动成果呼应。sorry意为“抱歉的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；ashamed意为“羞愧的”。故选A项。 38. D 句意为：方老师说，每一个小行动都算数，都通向更绿色的未来。counts意为“有价值；算数”，count towards为固定搭配。jumps意为“跳”；flies意为“飞”；sleeps意为“睡”。故选D项。 39. A 句意为：离开前，我们把垃圾全部捡起来带走。collected意为“收集；捡起”，与环保行动呼应。produced意为“生产”；threw意为“扔”；burned意为“焚烧”。故选A项。 40. B 句意为：幸运的是，这次旅行不只是好玩，更是一堂人生课。Luckily意为“幸运的是”，引出积极评价。Clearly意为“显然”；Finally意为“最后”；Strangely意为“奇怪地”。故选B项。 41. C 句意为：我决定回校后加入学校的自然社团。join意为“加入”，join a club为固定搭配。leave意为“离开”；watch意为“观看”；build意为“建造”。故选C项。 42. D 句意为：自然是我们最伟大的老师，我们应当珍惜它。teacher意为“老师”，与下文的道理呼应。enemy意为“敌人”；servant意为“仆人”；machine意为“机器”。故选D项。 43. B 句意为：如果人人都出一份力，世界会变得更加绿色。contributes意为“贡献”，contribute a little呼应主旨。destroys意为“破坏”；wastes意为“浪费”；ignores意为“忽视”。故选B项。 七、语法填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“达尔文与自然保护”展开，先介绍达尔文乘“贝格尔”号航行考察并采集大量标本的经历，再说明《物种起源》出版前多年的研究与出版后的轰动，最后指出其理论影响至今，并呼吁人们行动起来保护自然。 解析： 44. scientists 考查名词复数。one of the greatest后接可数名词复数，science表“人”时用scientist，故填scientists。 45. had collected 考查过去完成时。by the time引导的从句用一般过去时，主句动作发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故填had collected。 46. slightly 考查词性转换。修饰形容词different应用副词，slight的副词形式为slightly，意为“略微地”。 47. whose 考查定语从句。先行词为The finches，关系词在从句中作定语修饰beaks，故填whose。 48. had studied 考查过去完成时。“研究标本”发生在“写书”之前，即过去的过去，且for nearly twenty years表示延续，应用过去完成时，故填had studied。 49. was published 考查被动语态。book与publish之间为被动关系，in 1859表示过去时间，主语为单数，故填was published。 50. remains 考查动词。remain意为“仍然是”，today表示现在的情况，主语theory为单数，故填remains。 51. If 考查连词。主句用一般将来时，从句表示条件“如果人类尽快采取行动”，故填If；注意句首首字母大写。 52. Protecting 考查动名词作主语。此处指“保护自然”这件事，谓语is为单数，应用动名词Protecting作主语；注意句首首字母大写。 53. can 考查倒装。only in this way位于句首时句子用部分倒装，情态动词can提前，故填can。 八、写作练习 【答案】 54. visited the natural history museum 55. including 56. had died out 57. adapted to the environment 58. To my surprise 59. Inspired by the visit 60. set up a nature club 61. observe and record 62. do our part in protecting nature 63. Only in this way 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $