Unit 4 Life is beautiful讲义2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

Unit 4 Life is beautiful 【Welcome to the unit - Reading】 Exactly. 没错。（教材P49） 【知识点】exactly adv.（答语）完全正确；准确地 →exact adj. 准确的，精确的 (1) 常作答语，表示赞同或强调正确。 · —What fine weather! It’s a perfect day for going on a picnic. 多好的天气啊！这很适合去野餐。 —Exactly. I simply can’t wait! 确实不错。我简直等不及了！ (2) 准确地 · Your answer is exactly right. 你的回答完全正确。 常用搭配：not exactly 不完全是；未必 （语气委婉，表示部分否定。） · —Is it easy to learn English well? 学好英语容易吗？ · —Not exactly. 不完全是。 【练习】首字母填空 Last Saturday, I took an AED training course at school. The trainer started with a serious fact. When a person suffers a sudden cardiac arrest (心脏骤停), their heart stops pumping blood. They may lose consciousness (意识) and stop 1.breathing. Without quick action, death can follow within 2.m inutes. When we use the device, we should put the pads to the patient’s chest (胸口) 3.e xactly as shown in the picture. 4.With proper training, ordinary people can become lifesavers in critical moments. I left feeling proud and confident that I could make a 5.d ifference. At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land. 我们家的后园有一小片空地。（教材P50） 【知识点】unused adj. 未用过的 →[反义]used adj. 用过的；习惯于 由“un-(否定前缀)+used(adj. 用过的;旧的)”构成。 · There are some unused food containers. 这里有一些未用过的食物容器。 · Customers can return the unused camping equipment within a week. 顾客可以在一周内退回未使用过的露营装备。 【补充】unused [形容词]不习惯 搭配：be unused to (doing) sth不习惯于(做)某事 【拓展】类似词汇 · disposable adj. 一次性的，用后即丢弃的 · second-hand adj. 二手的 · reusable adj. 可重复使用的 【练习】 ( )1.He is ________ to the quiet countryside life, so he finds this ________ piece of land strange. A. unused; unused B. used; used C. unused; used D. used; unused 2. 角落里那些没穿过的鞋子已经落满了灰。 Those used shoes in the corner are covered with dust. It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that ... 让它像这样荒着怪可惜的……（教材P50） 【知识点】pity n. 遗憾 通常用单数形式。 · What a pity! 真遗憾! · It's a pity to do sth 做某事很可惜 / 遗憾 · It’s a pity that ... 令人遗憾的是…… · It’s a pity that you can’t come. 真遗憾你不能来。 · —What a pity! I left my computer at home. 真遗憾! 我把电脑忘在家里了。 —Don’t worry. I brought one with me. We can share. 别担心。我带了一台。我们可以一起用。 【拓展】pity的其他用法 (1) [不可数名词]同情 · take/have pity on sb 同情…… · out of pity 出于同情 · I took pity on her and lent her the money. 我同情她，就把钱借给了她。 (2) [及物动词] 同情；怜悯；可怜 · pity sb 同情某人 · He pitied people who were stuck in dead-end jobs. 他很同情那些工作上毫无前途的人。 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. — I heard you missed the school bus this morning. — ________! I had to run all the way to school. A. What pity B. What a pity C. How pity D. How a pity ( )2. It's ________ pity that such a talented singer gave up her dream, and we all take ________ on her. A. a; pity B. /; a pity C. a; a pity D. /; pity ( )3. It’s a pity ______ you ______ not join our garden project this weekend. A. that; can B. to; can C. that; could D. to; could 二、适当形式填空 4. It's a pity to let (let) the old building go to waste, so the government decided to turn (turn) it into a museum. 5. The teacher helped the boy, but it's a pity that he didn't follow (not follow) her advice at first. 三、补全句子 6. 真遗憾你不能来参加我的生日聚会。 It's a pity that you can't come to my birthday party. 7. 出于同情，她收养了那只流浪猫。 She adopted the homeless cat out of pity. We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants. 我们开始买种,翻地,浇水。（教材P50） 【知识点】dig vt. & vi. 挖，掘，凿 过去式/过去分词：dug；现在分词： digging · He dug a hole to plant the tree. 他挖了一个坑来种树。 · They are digging a tunnel. 他们正在挖隧道。 · dig up 掘地；挖掘出 · They are digging up the football field to lay a new surface. 他们正在把足球场挖开铺一层新地面。 · A porcelain vase was dug up here last month. 上个月此地出土了一个瓷花瓶。 【拓展】dig短语搭配 dig a hole 挖坑 dig out 挖出 dig for 挖寻（金子、野菜等） dig into 深入研究；（口语）开始大吃 【练习】 ( )1.We ______ holes, bought seeds and watered the plants when we turned the unused land into a garden. A. dig B. dug C. have dug D. will dig 2. They spent the whole afternoon digging (dig) up the ground for planting. 3. A lot of old things were dug (dig) up from this field two years ago. 4. 我们开始买种，翻地，浇水。 We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants. In a couple of months, we had a harvest! 几个月后,我们收获了!（教材P50） 【知识点】a couple of 几个；一对 (1) 几个 此处 couple 表示“几个人；几件事物”。 · We went there a couple of years ago. 我们几年前去过那里。 (2) 一对 此处 couple 表示“两人；两件事物”。 · I saw a couple of men get out. 我看见有两个男人出去了。 【拓展】couple [名词](尤指)夫妻,情侣 · The couple enjoys/enjoy shopping at weekends. 这对夫妇喜欢在周末购物。 （注意：the couple 作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。） 辨析:couple和pair couple：指通过某种外在关系结合在一块的两个人或两件同类的东西，内在关系不紧密; e.g. a couple of pens（两支笔）、a couple of friends（两个朋友） pair：指人时指关系密切或共做某事的两人; 指物时指由两个不能分开使用的同类东西组成的东西，如裤子，剪刀、鞋、袜、手套等。 a pair of dancers（一对舞者）、a pair of gloves（一副手套） 【练习】 ( )1. Look! The ________ over there ________ arguing about something. A. couple; is B. couple; are C. couples; is D. couples; are ( )2. — Could you lend me ________ scissors? I need to cut this paper. — Sure, here you are. A. a couple of B. a pair of C. two D. a few 3. 这对夫妇有几个孩子。 The couple have/has a couple of children. She cooked the peanuts in a few different ways and told us to go to the garden for the celebration. 她把花生做成了好几样食品并让我们去花园里参加这个庆祝活动。（教材P50） 【知识点】celebration n. 庆祝；庆典 由“celebrate (v. 庆祝；庆贺)去 e + -ion (名词后缀)”构成。 · birthday celebration 生日庆典 · hold/host a celebration 主办庆祝活动 · in celebration of … 为了庆祝…… · He is planning a very special birthday celebration. 他正在筹划一个非常特别的生日庆典。 · The company is holding a celebration for its 75th anniversary. 公司正在举办75周年庆祝活动。 【练习】 一、补全句子 1. 他们举办了一场庆典来庆祝丰收。 They held a celebration to celebrate the harvest. 2. 生日庆典将于傍晚在院子里举行。 The birthday celebration will be held in the yard in the evening. 二、任务型阅读。 We got plenty of peanuts from our small garden. My mum cooked peanuts in several different ways. She invited all family members to the garden to celebrate our harvest. We enjoyed delicious home-made food and shared our planting stories. The wonderful activity made our family closer. The harvest activity Mum prepared different 1.kinds of peanut dishes. The garden activity was held in 2.celebration of the harvest. The activity strengthened family 3.relationship. Almost everyone can afford to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. 几乎人人都买得起花生，而且大多数人都喜欢吃花生。（教材P50） 【8B U7复习】afford vt. 能做，买得起（常用在can、could、be able to等之后，多用于否定句或疑问句） · afford sth买得起某物 · afford to do sth负担得起做某事 · Tom can't afford the violin because it's too expensive. 汤姆买不起那把小提琴，因为它太贵了。 · I hope I can afford to buy a big house one day. 我希望有一天我能买得起一所大房子。 【词性拓展】→ affordable adj.不算太贵的；负担得起的 · The hotel offers affordable prices for tourists. 这家酒店给游客提供实惠的价位。 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1.We can’t afford ______ such expensive seeds for our small garden. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought ( )2.The shop sells vegetables at ______ prices, so many families can ______ them. A. affordable; afford B. afford; affordable C. affordable; affordable D. afford; afford 二、短文首字母填空 Almost everyone can 1.afford to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. We chose peanuts because their seeds are cheap. We spent weeks 2.d igging up the ground and planted them. We looked after them 3.c arefully. Finally we got lots of peanuts and held a small 4.c elebration in the garden. It 5.m eant a lot to our family. Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 花生的果实埋在地里,不像苹果、桃子那样,把果实高高地挂在枝上,那美丽的颜色使人一见就生爱慕之心。（教材P51） 【知识点】unlike prep. 不像 由“un-(否定前缀) + like(prep. 像)”构成。 用于对比人或事物的差异，后接名词、代词或动名词短语 · Unlike most other types of transportation, a bike doesn’t produce any pollution. 和大多数其他交通工具不同，自行车不会产生任何污染。 · Music is quite unlike any other art form. 音乐与其他艺术形式迥然不同。 【辨析】like的相关词形 like 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. My grandma, ______ most old people, doesn’t like sweet fruit. A. unlike B. dislike C. likes D. likely ( )2. It is ______ that we will have a celebration after the peanut harvest. A. unlike B. dislike C. likely D. liking 二、适当形式填空 1. Unlike (like) other fruits, peanuts grow under the ground. 2. Many people like (like) vegetables but dislike (like) bitter melons. 3. It is unlikely (like) that we will get a good harvest this year because of the poor weather. 三、任务型阅读。 Apples and peaches grow their fruits on branches. Their bright colours easily draw people’s attention. However, peanuts are different. Their fruits develop under the soil. You cannot see them until you dig them out. Though peanuts look plain, they are cheap and widely loved. Fruits of apples and peaches are 1.grown on branches. Bright colours easily 2.attract people. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not. 你不能从它细细的茎上分辨出它是否结了果，必须挖出来才知道。（教材P51） 【知识点】bear的用法 过去式为bore，过去分词为 borne (1) 结(果实)，开(花) 搭配：bear fruit/flowers 结果实/开花 · This apple tree bears many sweet apples every year. 这棵苹果树每年都会结出许多甜甜的苹果。 (2) 生(孩子) 搭配：bear a child / children 生孩子 · She has borne two children. 她已经生了两个孩子。 注意：borne 是“生”的过去分词（主动）。born 是“出生”的过去分词（被动）。 (3) 承受；忍受 · can't bear sth无法忍受某事 · can't bear doing/to do sth 无法忍受做某事 · He can’t bear being laughed at. 他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。 · I can’t bear to wait any longer. 我再也等不下去了。 【练习】 ( )1. The peanut plant ______ fruits underground, so we can’t know until we dig it out. A. bear B. bears C. bore D. borne ( )2. She ______ a baby last year, and she has ______ three kids in total. A. bore; borne B. bore; born C. born; borne D. borne; bore 3. He can’t bear staying/to stay (stay) in the field without water on hot summer days. 4. 这棵小树还没有结果。 The young tree hasn’t borne fruit yet. ... Father went on. “It’s useful, though not very attractive.” ……父亲接着说，“它虽然不怎么吸引人，却很有用。”（教材P51） 【知识点】attractive adj. 吸引人的 由“attract(v. 吸引) + -ive(形容词后缀)”构成。 · This is a big house with an attractive garden. 这是一座带有美丽花园的大房子。 · That’s one of the most attractive aspects of her personality. 那是她个性中最讨人喜欢的一面。 【词性拓展】attract v. 吸引 → attraction n. 有吸引力的事；景点 → unattractive adj. 不吸引人的 语境串记 Pretty flowers attract visitors. They are attractive in shapes and colours, and they become the biggest attraction of the park. 美丽的花吸引游客。它们的形态和色彩都十分吸引人，也是这座公园最大的亮点。 【拓展】句式分析 句中 though not very attractive 是状语省略结构，完整为 though (it is) not very attractive，though 引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管”，不与 but 连用。 · Though he is young, he knows a lot. = He is young, but he knows a lot. 【练习】 单项选择 ( )1. The peanut plant is not ________, but it can ________ many people for its value. A. attract; attractive B. attractive; attract C. attraction; attract D. attractive; attraction ( )2. The natural ________ here is so ________ that thousands of tourists visit it every year. A. attraction; attractive B. attract; attractive C. attractive; attraction D. attraction; attract ... I asked, “compared with being useful, looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?” ……我问道，“与有用相比，寻求他人的关注和赞扬并没那么重要吗？”（教材P51） 【知识点】compare vt. 比较，对比 →comparison n. 比较；对比 · Scientists compared the results of both experiments. 科学家把两次实验的结果进行了比较。 · The teacher asked us to compare the first report with/to the second to find their similarities and differences. 老师让我们比较第一份报告和第二份报告,找出它们的异同。 · We usually compare books to friends. 我们通常把书籍比作朋友。 【辨析】compare ... with 与 compare ... to compare ... with 把……与……比较 用于两个同类事物之间的比较。 compare ... to 把……与……比较 此时可与 compare ... with 互换。 把……比作…… 常用于两个不同性质事物之间的比较，含有比喻意味。 【练习】 ( )1. If you ______ peanuts ______ apples, you will find they are quite different. A. compare; with B. compare; for C. compare; as D. compare; of 2. After we compare (compare) these two plants, we can see many differences. 3. 诗人常把花朵比作笑脸。 Poets often compare flowers to smiling faces. 4. 和昂贵的种子相比，花生种子价格让人负担得起。 In comparison with expensive seeds, peanut seeds are affordable. And this is what I expect of you.而这就是我对你的期待。（教材P51） 【知识点】expect vt.预料，预期 · expect sth of sb 对某人抱有期待 · expect to do sth 预计 / 期待做某事 · expect sb to do sth 期待 / 预料某人做某事（中考最高频，注意被动结构） · expect that 从句 预料……；期待…… · Parents expect too much of their children. 父母对孩子寄予太高期望。 · I expect to finish the work soon. 我预计很快完成这项工作。 · We expect him to win the competition. 我们期待他赢得比赛。 · I expect that he will keep his promise. 我预料他会信守承诺。 【词性拓展】 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. My parents expect me ______ hard on my lessons. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied ( )2. Everyone expects much ______ the young volunteer. A. for B. with C. of D. to ( )3. I expect ______ back before dark. A. come B. coming C. to come D. came 二、补全句子 1. 而这就是我对你的期待。 And this is what I expect of you. 2. 老师期待我们独立完成这个项目。 The teacher expects us to finish the project by ourselves. 三、短文首字母填空 Many adults 1.expect teenagers to grow into reliable(可靠的) people. They do not only hope for high marks at school. 2.T hough good grades are helpful, strong personalities matter more. We should try our best 3.i nstead of waiting for praise. If we meet others’ expectations, we can win true 4.r espect. It takes time and effort to live up to them. This simple idea shapes our whole 5.g rowth. “Don’t judge any idea too quickly,” she said. “Take your time.” “不要急于评判任何想法。”她说，“慢慢来。”（教材P53） 【知识点1】judge vt. & vi. 判断，认为 →judg(e)ment n.判断，判断力；裁决 · judge sb/sth 评判某人/某事 · judging by/from sth 依据某事(所见、所闻或所学)来判断 · judge + that 从句 认为…… · You should never judge a person by their looks. 绝不要以貌取人。 · Judging by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time. 从她上封信看,他们过得非常愉快。 · He judged that the risk was too great. 他认为风险太大。 【拓展】 [名词] 裁判员;法官 · Her performance was perfect and every judge gave her a high mark. 她的表现很完美,每位裁判都给了她高分。 · The judges promised to carry out their duties faithfully. 法官们承诺忠实地履行职责。 【知识点2】take one’s time 慢慢来；别着急 可单独使用，也可以后接不定式。同义表达有don’t hurry 或no rush · take one's time to do sth 从容 / 花时间做某事 · Take your time to think about the problem. 慢慢思考这个问题。 【练习】 1. Several experienced judges (judge) watched the whole competition. 2. Judging from his expression, his judgement is correct. (judge) 3. The two judges (judge) agreed on the final result of the game. 4. She advised us not to judge (not judge) other cultures by our own standards. 5. The judges of the speech contest all agreed that each speech should be judged by clear rules. (judge) ( )6. Nobody enjoys ________ in public, so we should avoid ________ bad words even when we are upset. A.judging; saying B.being judged; saying C.to judge; to say D.to be judged; to say ( )7. It’s unfair to ________ someone’s ability simply by their age or background. A.decide B.judge C.conclude D.value It feels like a hidden treasure, waiting to be dug out. 它就像一份隐藏的宝藏,等待着被发现。（教材P53） 【知识点】hidden adj. 隐藏的,隐匿的 还可作动词hide(隐藏)的过去分词。 · We should be careful of the hidden dangers around children. 我们应该当心隐藏在孩子们周围的危险。(作形容词) · I keep my private papers hidden. 我藏起了我的私人文件。(作动词hide的过去分词) 【8A U6复习】hide vt.“藏” vt./vi.“躲避” —hid（过去式）— hiding（现在分词） · hide from …避开，躲避 · hide sth from sb藏起某物，使……·找不到 · Mice are afraid of cats.They always hide from them.老鼠害怕猫。它们总是躲避它们。 · We should hide medicine from children.我们应该把药藏起来，让孩子们找不到。 She nodded because she thinks teaching is very important to society. 她点了点头,因为她认为教育事业对社会非常重要。（教材P53） 【知识点】society n. 社会 →social adj. 社会的;社交的 （注意：表示泛指 “社会” 时，society不加the） · Museums play a big role in our society. 博物馆在我们的社会中发挥着重要的作用。 · There are billions of people using social media every day all over the world. 全球每天有数十亿人使用社交媒体。 【拓展】[名词]社团;协会 · She joined the university art society. 她加入了大学艺术社团。 【Grammar-Integration】 In my opinion, living well means finding your purpose in life. 在我看来，生活得好意味着找到你人生的意义。（教材P54） 【知识点】purpose n. 重要意义；目的，意图 (1) 重要意义 · Volunteer work gives her life purpose. 做志愿工作使她的生活有了意义。 (2) 目的,意图 · on purpose 故意；有意地 → 反义短语:by accident/chance · the purpose of ……的目的 · I’m sorry, sir. I didn’t do that on purpose just now. 对不起，先生。我刚才才不是故意那样做的。 · The purpose of World Book Day is to encourage people to enjoy reading. 世界读书日的目的是鼓励人们享受阅读。 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. He broke the window not ______ purpose. It was just an accident. A. in B. on C. for D. with ( )2. The main ______ of this activity is to help teenagers discover their life value. A. purpose B. promise C. process D. product ( )3. At the 2025 Spring Festival Gala, smart robots can ________ difficult movements while dancing with human dancers, showing our great ________ in technology. A.produce; purpose B.perform; progress C.prevent; project ( )4. Take a notebook so that you can write down the important details during the meeting. The underlined part in the sentence is to ________ A.express the result B.explain the reason C.express the purpose D.give suggestions 二、补全句子 1. 在我看来，生活得好意味着找到你人生的意义。 In my opinion, living well means finding your purpose in life. 2. 这项公益项目的目的是为贫困地区的孩子提供书籍。 The purpose of this public project is to provide books for kids in poor areas. 三、任务型阅读。 Many countries all over the world have National Parks. There are about 7,000 National Parks around the world. Most of them protect natural settings as well as the plants and animals that live there, but a few are in towns and cities. Are there National Parks in the UK? There are nine National Parks in the UK. The first three were the Peak District, the Lake District and Dartmoor, which were all named as National Parks in 1951.Others followed afterwards, such as the North York Moors in 1952, the New Forest in 2005 and the South Downs in 2010. National Parks in 1.British 2.Purpose Most National Parks around the world are to protect nature. Development Nine parks were named as National Parks in the UK in different periods, 3.including the Peak District, the North York Moors. And if you don’t love your job, you might never be satisfied in life. 如果你不热爱自己的工作，你可能永远无法在生活中获得满足。（教材P55） 【知识点】satisfied adj. 满意的 · be satisfied with … 对……感到满意，同义短语为：be happy/pleased with … · be satisfied to do sth 满足于做某事 · be satisfied that 从句 满足于…… · If you’re not completely satisfied, you can get your money back. 如果你不十分满意，可以退款。 · We are not satisfied with the result. 我们对这个结果不满意。 · She is satisfied to live a simple life. 她满足于过简单的生活。 · She was satisfied that she had done her best. 她对自己已尽最大努力感到满意。 【词性拓展】 【辨析】satisfied和satisfying satisfied 感到满意的，主语通常是人 She felt satisfied with what she had done. 她对自己所做的事感到满意。 satisfying 令人满意的，主语通常是事物 The trip was really satisfying. 这次旅行十分令人满意。 【练习】 一、适当形式填空 1. The manager nodded and looked satisfied (satisfy) with our plan for the activity. 2. It is a satisfying (satisfy) experience to help others and see their bright smiles. 3. To our satisfaction (satisfy), our group finished the difficult task ahead of time. 二、补全句子 1. 他满足于每天花一点时间阅读，不去追求快速的收获。 He is satisfied to spend a little time reading every day instead of chasing quick gains. 三、短文首字母填空 Many people are 1.satisfied when their hard work pays off. This feeling does not only come from big prizes. It often appears after small efforts. If we set proper targets and stick to them, we can enjoy such nice feelings. We should not only wait for praise from others. True inner peace comes when we have tried our 2.b est. This state of mind builds up our 3.c onfidence and helps us face new 4.c hallenges bravely. It becomes a valuable treasure in our whole 5.l ife. Amy felt encouraged to live a useful life after reading a passage about peanuts. 埃米读了一篇关于花生的文章后,感到很受鼓舞,想要过有用的一生。（教材P56） 【知识点】passage n. 章节；段落；乐段 [可数名词] a passage from 一节 · He read out a short passage from this book. 他朗读了这本书里的一小段。 · Please translate this passage into French. 请把这一段翻译为法语。 【拓展】阅读理解词汇易混辨析 单词 含义 侧重点 例句 passage 段落；短文；通道 阅读材料中的一段 read a passage paragraph 段落 文章的自然段 the first paragraph article 文章 完整的文章，可长可短 a newspaper article text 课文；文本 整篇文字材料 read the text essay 文章；论文 议论文、散文 write an essay chapter 章节 书的一章 Chapter One In the late 1980s, Fan came up with the idea of digitalizing the caves. 20世纪80年代末，樊锦诗提出了石窟数字化的构想。（教材P57） 【知识点】digitalize vt. (= digitalise[BrE]) 使（信息）数字化 由“digital (adj. 数码的；数字式的) + -ize(动词后缀)”构成。 · Our school plans to digitalize the library next year. 我们学校计划明年把图书馆数字化。 【词性拓展】digital adj. 数码的；数字的 → digitalization n. 数字化 【词缀】后缀 -ize 规律：形容词 / 名词 → 动词，表示 “使……；把……化” 名词/形容词 动词 含义 modern modernize 使现代化 real realize 实现；意识到 organ organize 组织 memory memorize 记住 summary summarize 总结 Went to work in Dunhuang after she graduated in 1963 1963年毕业后她前往敦煌工作（教材P57） 【知识点】graduate vi. & vt. (大学) 毕业 · graduate from 从……毕业（接学校） · graduate in 毕业于（接专业） · I graduated from college and became a nurse. 大学毕业后我成了一名护士。 · It was my first job after graduation. 那是我毕业后的第一份工作。 · She graduated in history. 她毕业于历史专业。 · He graduated in law from Peking University.他毕业于北京大学法律专业。 【补充】graduate [可数名词]大学毕业生 · He is a graduate of Peking University. 他是一名北京大学的毕业生。 【词性拓展】graduation n.毕业 → undergraduate n.本科生 语境串记 The graduate graduated from Tsinghua University. After graduation, he became a software engineer. 这名大学毕业生毕业于清华大学。毕业后，他成了一名软件工程师。 【练习】 一、单项选择 1. The young researcher graduated ______ physics ______ a top university in the north. A. in; from B. from; in C. in; for D. from; for 2. As a new ______, he decided to give up city jobs and work in the western areas. A. graduate B. graduation C. graduating D. graduated 3. After ______ from the university, she chose to study culture and art in ancient caves. A. graduate B. graduated C. graduating D. graduates 二、适当形式填空 1. This group of young graduates (graduate) all show great interest in traditional art. 2. His graduation (graduate) speech encouraged many students to follow their true dreams. She saw many girls in the mountains drop out of school, so she decided to do something for them. 她看到山里很多女孩辍学，于是决定为她们做些什么。（教材P59） 【知识点】drop out of school 失学，辍学 · Faraday dropped out of school at an early age, but he found every chance to study and became a great scientist. 法拉第早年辍学，却抓住一切机会学习，成了一名伟大的科学家。 【拓展】drop相关短语 drop out of 从…… 退出；辍学 drop by 顺便来访（口语，不加宾语） drop in (on sb.) 顺便拜访（某人） drop off 睡着；放下；下降 【练习】补全句子 1. 在过去，一些孩子因为贫穷而被迫辍学。 In the old days, some children were forced to drop out of school because of poverty. ... since he has decided to donate his body for medical research when he dies. ……因为他已经决定去世后捐献遗体用于医学研究。（教材P60） 【知识点】research un. 研究 →researcher n. 研究者 · do research (on/into sth) 进行(关于某方面的)研究/调查 · carry out research 开展研究 · In April, some planarians were taken into the China Space Station for scientific research. 四月，一些涡虫被带入中国空间站进行科学研究。 · Though scientists have done much research on the brain, there’s still a lot to do. 尽管科学家们已经对大脑进行了大量研究，但要做的仍有很多。 【拓展】[动词] 研究；调查 · She spent several months researching the subject. 她花了几个月的时间研究这个主题。 【练习】 一、适当形式填空 1. The group of researchers (research) have spent years doing research (research) on human health. 2. He plans to research (research) how to improve the local medical service in poor villages. 3. Much research (research) shows that simple lifestyle is good for our body. 二、短文首字母填空 Some scientists 1.research human bodies to get more medical knowledge. Some people choose to donate their bodies after death to support such work. Their great acts help workers find new ways to fight illnesses. Every donation offers valuable 2.m aterial for the study of human health. Such work needs long-term effort and careful 3.w ork. It brings hope for sick people and pushes medicine to make new 4.p rogress. These special gifts are worth our deep 5.r espect. I am greatly influenced by my father. I have made up my mind to live my life just like him. 我深受父亲的影响。我已下定决心要像他一样度过自己的一生。（教材P60） 【8B U6复习】influence的用法 influence 【词性拓展】influential adj.有影响力的 → influencer n.（社交媒体上的）网红（指通过社交平台影响他人消费、观念的人） 【知识点2】make up one’s mind 下定决心 同义转换：make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 · Claire made up her mind to win first prize. 克莱尔下定决心要赢得一等奖。 · He made up his mind to take part in the English speech contest last week. 他上周下定决心参加英语演讲比赛。 【练习】 一、单项选择 1. The writer is an ________ person and his ideas greatly ________ young readers. A. influence; influential B. influential; influence C. influenced; influence D. influence; influenced 2. After thinking for several days, he made up his mind ________ the voluntary program in mountain areas. A. join B. joining C. to join D. joined 3. Once you have made up your ________, you’d better keep trying instead of giving it up easily. A. mind B. minds C. decision D. decisions 二、单句语法填空 1. The girl made (make) up her mind to devote herself to education in remote villages years ago. 2. Those online influencers (influence) should spread positive messages to teenagers. 三、补全句子 1. 在和父母深入交谈之后，她下定决心去西部做文化保护工作。 After talking deeply with her parents, she made up her mind to work on cultural protection in the west. 2. 一旦下定决心，你就应该投入全部精力去完成这项艰难的任务。 Once you have made up your mind, you should put all your effort into finishing this hard task. 单元语法 【知识点】动词-ing 的用法 动词-ing 可以在句中用作主语、宾语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。 考向1 作主语 动词-ing作主语时，表示习惯性的动作。单个动词-ing作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。多个动词-ing作并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 · Playing basketball brings him a lot of joy. 打篮球给他带来很多快乐。 · Singing and dancing are my hobbies. 唱歌和跳舞是我的业余爱好。 考向2 作宾语 后接动词-ing形式作宾语的常见动词(短语)有：enjoy、finish、keep、mind、avoid、practise、suggest、feel like、can’t help、look forward to、have trouble等。 · She finished reading the book in two days. 她两天内读完了这本书。 · I don’t mind waiting a little longer. 我不介意再多等一会儿。 · She can’t help crying after hearing the sad news. 听到这个坏消息，她忍不住哭了。 考向3 作定语或表语 动词-ing可在名词前作定语或在连系动词后作表语。 · The speaker made some interesting points. 演讲者提出了一些有趣的观点。 · He is in the reading room now. 他现在在阅览室。 · Her hobby is collecting stamps. 她的业余爱好是集邮。 考向4 作宾语补足语 动词-ing可用在动词hear、see、watch、feel、notice等之后，作宾语补足语。 · We can hear birds singing in the tree. 我们能听见鸟儿在树上鸣叫。 · She watched the kids playing in the yard. 她看着孩子们在院子里玩。 · I didn’t notice him leaving. 我没看到他离开。 【知识点】动词-ed 的用法 动词-ed可以用作形容词，放在名词之前或连系动词之后。 · He had a surprised look on his face. 他一脸惊讶。 · The kids feel excited about the holiday. 孩子们对假期感到兴奋不已。 【用法拓展】 动词-ing和动词-ed都可以用作形容词，但是含义不同。 · 以-ing结尾的形容词表达主动含义，通常用来形容事物，表示事物的特征或性质。 · 以-ed结尾的形容词表达被动含义，通常用来形容人，表示人的主观感受。 · The students are all interested in this interesting book. 学生们都对这本有趣的书感兴趣。 【练习】 一、单项选择 (    )1．________ too much time playing games is bad for your eyes. A．Spend B．Spending C．Spent D．To spending (    )2．________ more English texts ________ good for you. A．Read; are B．Read; is C．Reading; is D．Reading; are (    )3．It’s fun ________ a huge glass ball drop from the sky on New Year’s Eve. A．have watched B．watch C．watching D．has watched (    )4．He can’t use his arms or legs well. So I guess ________ things is difficult for him. A．carry B．carries C．carrying D．carried (    )5．—Were you born in Beijing? —No, I wasn’t. But I have been used ________ in the city since I moved here 10 years ago. A．to living B．to live C．Living D．lives (    )6．She is afraid of ________ in front of a lot of people. A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke (    )7．— Why did Lily leave the cinema early? — Because the ending of the film was really ________, and she felt quite ________. A．disappointed; disappointing B．disappointing; disappointed C．disappointed; disappointed D．disappointing; disappointing (    )8．—Did you hear the ________ news? Tom got the scholarship! —Really? I didn’t expect it at all. I am very ________. A．surprised; surprised B．surprising; surprising C．surprised; surprising D．surprising; surprised (    )9．—How was your trip to the science museum yesterday? —It was amazing! I was very ________ in the_________ robot show. A．interested; interesting B．interesting; interested C．interested; interested D．interesting; interesting (    )10．My teacher suggests ________ English every morning. A．to read B．read C．reads D．reading (    )11．Fan Jinshi’s story is ________, and I feel deeply ________ after reading it. A．moving; moved B．moved; moving C．tiring; tired D．tired; tiring (    )12．This volunteer work is ________, but I never feel ________ after finishing it. A．tiring; tired B．tired; tiring C．exciting; excited D．excited; exciting 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整 Last Sunday, I watched a movie that really made me feel 1. excited (excite). The story was so 2. interesting (interest) that I couldn’t take my eyes off the screen. One scene was quite 3. frightening (frighten), so my little sister looked 4. worried (worry). After the movie, she told me she felt a little 5. tired (tire) but happy. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. Keep studying hard in the future because learning (learn) is a lifelong journey. 7. He looked relaxed (relax) before the match as there was a big smile on his face. 8. They enjoy hiking (hike) up the mountains in their free time. 9. Mandy’s parents were quite surprised (surprise) that she won first prize in the English competition. 10. The movie is so exciting (excite) that many viewers feel excited (excite) after watching it. 11. As we all know, using public chopsticks is (be) necessary when we eat with others. 12. Juanjuan is a sweet girl with smiling (smile) eyes. 四、完成句子，每空一词 13. 我听见妈妈正在厨房做午餐。 I hear my mother cooking lunch in the kitchen. 14. 在课堂上认真做笔记是一个学习英语的好方法。 Taking notes carefully in class is a good way to learn English. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Life is beautiful 【Welcome to the unit - Reading】 Exactly. 没错。（教材P49） 【知识点】exactly adv.（答语）完全正确；准确地 →_________ adj. 准确的，精确的 (1) 常作答语，表示赞同或强调正确。 · —What fine weather! It’s a perfect day for going on a picnic. 多好的天气啊！这很适合去野餐。 —Exactly. I simply can’t wait! 确实不错。我简直等不及了！ (2) 准确地 · Your answer is exactly right. 你的回答完全正确。 常用搭配：not exactly 不完全是；未必 （语气委婉，表示部分否定。） · —Is it easy to learn English well? 学好英语容易吗？ · —Not exactly. 不完全是。 【练习】首字母填空 Last Saturday, I took an AED training course at school. The trainer started with a serious fact. When a person suffers a sudden cardiac arrest (心脏骤停), their heart stops pumping blood. They may lose consciousness (意识) and stop 1.b_________. Without quick action, death can follow within 2.m_________. When we use the device, we should put the pads to the patient’s chest (胸口) 3.e_________ as shown in the picture. 4.W_________ proper training, ordinary people can become lifesavers in critical moments. I left feeling proud and confident that I could make a 5.d_________. At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land. 我们家的后园有一小片空地。（教材P50） 【知识点】unused adj. 未用过的 →[反义]_________ adj. 用过的；习惯于 由“un-(否定前缀)+used(adj. 用过的;旧的)”构成。 · There are some unused food containers. 这里有一些未用过的食物容器。 · Customers can return the unused camping equipment within a week. 顾客可以在一周内退回未使用过的露营装备。 【补充】unused [形容词]不习惯 搭配：_______________________不习惯于(做)某事 【拓展】类似词汇 · disposable adj. 一次性的，用后即丢弃的 · second-hand adj. 二手的 · reusable adj. 可重复使用的 【练习】 ( )1.He is ________ to the quiet countryside life, so he finds this ________ piece of land strange. A. unused; unused B. used; used C. unused; used D. used; unused 2. 角落里那些没穿过的鞋子已经落满了灰。 Those ________ shoes in the corner ________ ________ ________ dust. It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that ... 让它像这样荒着怪可惜的……（教材P50） 【知识点】pity n. 遗憾 通常用单数形式。 · _____________ 真遗憾! · ___________________ 做某事很可惜 / 遗憾 · It’s a pity that ... 令人遗憾的是…… · It’s a pity that you can’t come. 真遗憾你不能来。 · —What a pity! I left my computer at home. 真遗憾! 我把电脑忘在家里了。 —Don’t worry. I brought one with me. We can share. 别担心。我带了一台。我们可以一起用。 【拓展】pity的其他用法 (1) [不可数名词]同情 · ___________________ 同情…… · ___________________ 出于同情 · I took pity on her and lent her the money. 我同情她，就把钱借给了她。 (2) [及物动词] 同情；怜悯；可怜 · __________ 同情某人 · He pitied people who were stuck in dead-end jobs. 他很同情那些工作上毫无前途的人。 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. — I heard you missed the school bus this morning. — ________! I had to run all the way to school. A. What pity B. What a pity C. How pity D. How a pity ( )2. It's ________ pity that such a talented singer gave up her dream, and we all take ________ on her. A. a; pity B. /; a pity C. a; a pity D. /; pity ( )3. It’s a pity ______ you ______ not join our garden project this weekend. A. that; can B. to; can C. that; could D. to; could 二、适当形式填空 4. It's a pity ________ (let) the old building go to waste, so the government decided ________ (turn) it into a museum. 5. The teacher helped the boy, but it's a pity that he ________ (not follow) her advice at first. 三、补全句子 6. 真遗憾你不能来参加我的生日聚会。 ________ ________ ________ that you can't come to my birthday party. 7. 出于同情，她收养了那只流浪猫。 She adopted the homeless cat ________ ________ ________. We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants. 我们开始买种,翻地,浇水。（教材P50） 【知识点】dig vt. & vi. 挖，掘，凿 过去式/过去分词：_______；现在分词：________ · He dug a hole to plant the tree. 他挖了一个坑来种树。 · They are digging a tunnel. 他们正在挖隧道。 · dig up 掘地；挖掘出 · They are digging up the football field to lay a new surface. 他们正在把足球场挖开铺一层新地面。 · A porcelain vase was dug up here last month. 上个月此地出土了一个瓷花瓶。 【拓展】dig短语搭配 dig ______ 挖坑 dig out 挖出 dig ______ 挖寻（金子、野菜等） dig ______ 深入研究；（口语）开始大吃 【练习】 ( )1.We ______ holes, bought seeds and watered the plants when we turned the unused land into a garden. A. dig B. dug C. have dug D. will dig 2. They spent the whole afternoon ________ (dig) up the ground for planting. 3. A lot of old things ________ (dig) up from this field two years ago. 4. 我们开始买种，翻地，浇水。 We began buying seeds, ________ ________ the ground and watering the plants. In a couple of months, we had a harvest! 几个月后,我们收获了!（教材P50） 【知识点】a couple of 几个；一对 (1) 几个 此处 couple 表示“几个人；几件事物”。 · We went there a couple of years ago. 我们几年前去过那里。 (2) 一对 此处 couple 表示“两人；两件事物”。 · I saw a couple of men get out. 我看见有两个男人出去了。 【拓展】couple [名词](尤指)夫妻,情侣 · The couple enjoys/enjoy shopping at weekends. 这对夫妇喜欢在周末购物。 （注意：the couple 作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。） 辨析:couple和pair couple：指通过某种外在关系结合在一块的两个人或两件同类的东西，内在关系不紧密; e.g. a couple of pens（两支笔）、a couple of friends（两个朋友） pair：指人时指关系密切或共做某事的两人; 指物时指由两个不能分开使用的同类东西组成的东西，如裤子，剪刀、鞋、袜、手套等。 a pair of dancers（一对舞者）、a pair of gloves（一副手套） 【练习】 ( )1. Look! The ________ over there ________ arguing about something. A. couple; is B. couple; are C. couples; is D. couples; are ( )2. — Could you lend me ________ scissors? I need to cut this paper. — Sure, here you are. A. a couple of B. a pair of C. two D. a few 3. 这对夫妇有几个孩子。 _________________________________________ She cooked the peanuts in a few different ways and told us to go to the garden for the celebration. 她把花生做成了好几样食品并让我们去花园里参加这个庆祝活动。（教材P50） 【知识点】celebration n. 庆祝；庆典 由“celebrate (v. 庆祝；庆贺)去 e + -ion (名词后缀)”构成。 · ____________________ 生日庆典 · ____________________ 主办庆祝活动 · ____________________ 为了庆祝…… · He is planning a very special birthday celebration. 他正在筹划一个非常特别的生日庆典。 · The company is holding a celebration for its 75th anniversary. 公司正在举办75周年庆祝活动。 【练习】 一、补全句子 1. 他们举办了一场庆典来庆祝丰收。 They held a ________ ________ ________ the harvest. 2. 生日庆典将于傍晚在院子里举行。 The ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the yard in the evening. 二、任务型阅读。 We got plenty of peanuts from our small garden. My mum cooked peanuts in several different ways. She invited all family members to the garden to celebrate our harvest. We enjoyed delicious home-made food and shared our planting stories. The wonderful activity made our family closer. The harvest activity Mum prepared different 1._________ of peanut dishes. The garden activity was held in 2._________ of the harvest. The activity strengthened family 3._________. Almost everyone can afford to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. 几乎人人都买得起花生，而且大多数人都喜欢吃花生。（教材P50） 【8B U7复习】afford vt. 能做，买得起（常用在can、could、be able to等之后，多用于否定句或疑问句） · ________________买得起某物 · ________________负担得起做某事 · Tom can't afford the violin because it's too expensive. 汤姆买不起那把小提琴，因为它太贵了。 · I hope I can afford to buy a big house one day. 我希望有一天我能买得起一所大房子。 【词性拓展】→ ____________adj.不算太贵的；负担得起的 · The hotel offers affordable prices for tourists. 这家酒店给游客提供实惠的价位。 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1.We can’t afford ______ such expensive seeds for our small garden. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought ( )2.The shop sells vegetables at ______ prices, so many families can ______ them. A. affordable; afford B. afford; affordable C. affordable; affordable D. afford; afford 二、短文首字母填空 Almost everyone can 1.a__________ to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. We chose peanuts because their seeds are cheap. We spent weeks 2.d__________ up the ground and planted them. We looked after them 3.c__________. Finally we got lots of peanuts and held a small 4.c__________ in the garden. It 5.m__________ a lot to our family. Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 花生的果实埋在地里,不像苹果、桃子那样,把果实高高地挂在枝上,那美丽的颜色使人一见就生爱慕之心。（教材P51） 【知识点】unlike prep. 不像 由“un-(否定前缀) + like(prep. 像)”构成。 用于对比人或事物的差异，后接名词、代词或动名词短语 · Unlike most other types of transportation, a bike doesn’t produce any pollution. 和大多数其他交通工具不同，自行车不会产生任何污染。 · Music is quite unlike any other art form. 音乐与其他艺术形式迥然不同。 【辨析】like的相关词形 like 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. My grandma, ______ most old people, doesn’t like sweet fruit. A. unlike B. dislike C. likes D. likely ( )2. It is ______ that we will have a celebration after the peanut harvest. A. unlike B. dislike C. likely D. liking 二、适当形式填空 1. ______ (like) other fruits, peanuts grow under the ground. 2. Many people ______ (like) vegetables but ______ (like) bitter melons. 3. It is ______ (like) that we will get a good harvest this year because of the poor weather. 三、任务型阅读。 Apples and peaches grow their fruits on branches. Their bright colours easily draw people’s attention. However, peanuts are different. Their fruits develop under the soil. You cannot see them until you dig them out. Though peanuts look plain, they are cheap and widely loved. Fruits of apples and peaches are 1.________ on branches. Bright colours easily 2.________ people. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not. 你不能从它细细的茎上分辨出它是否结了果，必须挖出来才知道。（教材P51） 【知识点】bear的用法 过去式为________，过去分词为________ (1) 结(果实)，开(花) 搭配：________________ 结果实/开花 · This apple tree bears many sweet apples every year. 这棵苹果树每年都会结出许多甜甜的苹果。 (2) 生(孩子) 搭配：________________ 生孩子 · She has borne two children. 她已经生了两个孩子。 注意：borne 是“生”的过去分词（主动）。born 是“出生”的过去分词（被动）。 (3) 承受；忍受 · _________________无法忍受某事 · __________________________ 无法忍受做某事 · He can’t bear being laughed at. 他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。 · I can’t bear to wait any longer. 我再也等不下去了。 【练习】 ( )1. The peanut plant ______ fruits underground, so we can’t know until we dig it out. A. bear B. bears C. bore D. borne ( )2. She ______ a baby last year, and she has ______ three kids in total. A. bore; borne B. bore; born C. born; borne D. borne; bore 3. He can’t bear ________ (stay) in the field without water on hot summer days. 4. 这棵小树还没有结果。 The young tree hasn’t ________ ________ ________. ... Father went on. “It’s useful, though not very attractive.” ……父亲接着说，“它虽然不怎么吸引人，却很有用。”（教材P51） 【知识点】attractive adj. 吸引人的 由“attract(v. 吸引) + -ive(形容词后缀)”构成。 · This is a big house with an attractive garden. 这是一座带有美丽花园的大房子。 · That’s one of the most attractive aspects of her personality. 那是她个性中最讨人喜欢的一面。 【词性拓展】________ v. 吸引 → _________ n. 有吸引力的事；景点 → _________ adj. 不吸引人的 语境串记 Pretty flowers attract visitors. They are attractive in shapes and colours, and they become the biggest attraction of the park. 美丽的花吸引游客。它们的形态和色彩都十分吸引人，也是这座公园最大的亮点。 【拓展】句式分析 句中 though not very attractive 是状语省略结构，完整为 though (it is) not very attractive，though 引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管”，不与 but 连用。 · Though he is young, he knows a lot. = He is young, but he knows a lot. 【练习】 单项选择 ( )1. The peanut plant is not ________, but it can ________ many people for its value. A. attract; attractive B. attractive; attract C. attraction; attract D. attractive; attraction ( )2. The natural ________ here is so ________ that thousands of tourists visit it every year. A. attraction; attractive B. attract; attractive C. attractive; attraction D. attraction; attract ... I asked, “compared with being useful, looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?” ……我问道，“与有用相比，寻求他人的关注和赞扬并没那么重要吗？”（教材P51） 【知识点】compare vt. 比较，对比 →___________ n. 比较；对比 · Scientists compared the results of both experiments. 科学家把两次实验的结果进行了比较。 · The teacher asked us to compare the first report with/to the second to find their similarities and differences. 老师让我们比较第一份报告和第二份报告,找出它们的异同。 · We usually compare books to friends. 我们通常把书籍比作朋友。 【辨析】compare ... with 与 compare ... to compare ... with 把……与……比较 用于两个同类事物之间的比较。 compare ... to 把……与……比较 此时可与 compare ... with 互换。 把……比作…… 常用于两个不同性质事物之间的比较，含有比喻意味。 【练习】 ( )1. If you ______ peanuts ______ apples, you will find they are quite different. A. compare; with B. compare; for C. compare; as D. compare; of 2. After we ________ (compare) these two plants, we can see many differences. 3. 诗人常把花朵比作笑脸。 Poets often ________ flowers ________ smiling faces. 4. 和昂贵的种子相比，花生种子价格让人负担得起。 In ________ with expensive seeds, peanut seeds are ________. And this is what I expect of you.而这就是我对你的期待。（教材P51） 【知识点】expect vt.预料，预期 · expect _____________ 对某人抱有期待 · expect _____________ 预计 / 期待做某事 · expect _____________ 期待 / 预料某人做某事（中考最高频，注意被动结构） · expect that 从句 预料……；期待…… · Parents expect too much of their children. 父母对孩子寄予太高期望。 · I expect to finish the work soon. 我预计很快完成这项工作。 · We expect him to win the competition. 我们期待他赢得比赛。 · I expect that he will keep his promise. 我预料他会信守承诺。 【词性拓展】 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. My parents expect me ______ hard on my lessons. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied ( )2. Everyone expects much ______ the young volunteer. A. for B. with C. of D. to ( )3. I expect ______ back before dark. A. come B. coming C. to come D. came 二、补全句子 1. 而这就是我对你的期待。 And this is ________________________. 2. 老师期待我们独立完成这个项目。 The teacher _______________________________________________. 三、短文首字母填空 Many adults 1.e___________ teenagers to grow into reliable(可靠的) people. They do not only hope for high marks at school. 2.T___________ good grades are helpful, strong personalities matter more. We should try our best 3.i___________ of waiting for praise. If we meet others’ expectations, we can win true 4.r___________. It takes time and effort to live up to them. This simple idea shapes our whole 5.g___________. “Don’t judge any idea too quickly,” she said. “Take your time.” “不要急于评判任何想法。”她说，“慢慢来。”（教材P53） 【知识点1】judge vt. & vi. 判断，认为 →_____________ n.判断，判断力；裁决 · judge sb/sth 评判某人/某事 · judging by/from sth 依据某事(所见、所闻或所学)来判断 · judge + that 从句 认为…… · You should never judge a person by their looks. 绝不要以貌取人。 · Judging by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time. 从她上封信看,他们过得非常愉快。 · He judged that the risk was too great. 他认为风险太大。 【拓展】 [名词] 裁判员;法官 · Her performance was perfect and every judge gave her a high mark. 她的表现很完美,每位裁判都给了她高分。 · The judges promised to carry out their duties faithfully. 法官们承诺忠实地履行职责。 【知识点2】take one’s time 慢慢来；别着急 可单独使用，也可以后接不定式。同义表达有don’t hurry 或no rush · ______________________ 从容 / 花时间做某事 · Take your time to think about the problem. 慢慢思考这个问题。 【练习】 1. Several experienced ________ (judge) watched the whole competition. 2. ________ from his expression, his ________ is correct. (judge) 3. The two ________ (judge) agreed on the final result of the game. 4. She advised us ________ (not judge) other cultures by our own standards. 5. The ________ of the speech contest all agreed that each speech should be ________ by clear rules. (judge) ( )6. Nobody enjoys ________ in public, so we should avoid ________ bad words even when we are upset. A.judging; saying B.being judged; saying C.to judge; to say D.to be judged; to say ( )7. It’s unfair to ________ someone’s ability simply by their age or background. A.decide B.judge C.conclude D.value It feels like a hidden treasure, waiting to be dug out. 它就像一份隐藏的宝藏,等待着被发现。（教材P53） 【知识点】hidden adj. 隐藏的,隐匿的 还可作动词hide(隐藏)的过去分词。 · We should be careful of the hidden dangers around children. 我们应该当心隐藏在孩子们周围的危险。(作形容词) · I keep my private papers hidden. 我藏起了我的私人文件。(作动词hide的过去分词) 【8A U6复习】hide vt.“藏” vt./vi.“躲避” —________（过去式）—_______（现在分词） · ______________避开，躲避 · __________________藏起某物，使……·找不到 · Mice are afraid of cats.They always hide from them.老鼠害怕猫。它们总是躲避它们。 · We should hide medicine from children.我们应该把药藏起来，让孩子们找不到。 She nodded because she thinks teaching is very important to society. 她点了点头,因为她认为教育事业对社会非常重要。（教材P53） 【知识点】society n. 社会 →__________ adj. 社会的;社交的 （注意：表示泛指 “社会” 时，society不加the） · Museums play a big role in our society. 博物馆在我们的社会中发挥着重要的作用。 · There are billions of people using social media every day all over the world. 全球每天有数十亿人使用社交媒体。 【拓展】[名词]社团;协会 · She joined the university art society. 她加入了大学艺术社团。 【Grammar-Integration】 In my opinion, living well means finding your purpose in life. 在我看来，生活得好意味着找到你人生的意义。（教材P54） 【知识点】purpose n. 重要意义；目的，意图 (1) 重要意义 · Volunteer work gives her life purpose. 做志愿工作使她的生活有了意义。 (2) 目的,意图 · ____________ 故意；有意地 → 反义短语:____________ · ____________ ……的目的 · I’m sorry, sir. I didn’t do that on purpose just now. 对不起，先生。我刚才才不是故意那样做的。 · The purpose of World Book Day is to encourage people to enjoy reading. 世界读书日的目的是鼓励人们享受阅读。 【练习】 一、单项选择 ( )1. He broke the window not ______ purpose. It was just an accident. A. in B. on C. for D. with ( )2. The main ______ of this activity is to help teenagers discover their life value. A. purpose B. promise C. process D. product ( )3. At the 2025 Spring Festival Gala, smart robots can ________ difficult movements while dancing with human dancers, showing our great ________ in technology. A.produce; purpose B.perform; progress C.prevent; project ( )4. Take a notebook so that you can write down the important details during the meeting. The underlined part in the sentence is to ________ A.express the result B.explain the reason C.express the purpose D.give suggestions 二、补全句子 1. 在我看来，生活得好意味着找到你人生的意义。 ________ ________ ________, living well means finding your ________ in life. 2. 这项公益项目的目的是为贫困地区的孩子提供书籍。 The ________ ________ this public project is to ________ books ________ kids in poor areas. 三、任务型阅读。 Many countries all over the world have National Parks. There are about 7,000 National Parks around the world. Most of them protect natural settings as well as the plants and animals that live there, but a few are in towns and cities. Are there National Parks in the UK? There are nine National Parks in the UK. The first three were the Peak District, the Lake District and Dartmoor, which were all named as National Parks in 1951.Others followed afterwards, such as the North York Moors in 1952, the New Forest in 2005 and the South Downs in 2010. National Parks in 1.___________ 2.___________ Most National Parks around the world are to protect nature. Development Nine parks were named as National Parks in the UK in different periods, 3.___________ the Peak District, the North York Moors. And if you don’t love your job, you might never be satisfied in life. 如果你不热爱自己的工作，你可能永远无法在生活中获得满足。（教材P55） 【知识点】satisfied adj. 满意的 · ________________ 对……感到满意，同义短语为：_______________________ · ________________ 满足于做某事 · be satisfied that 从句 满足于…… · If you’re not completely satisfied, you can get your money back. 如果你不十分满意，可以退款。 · We are not satisfied with the result. 我们对这个结果不满意。 · She is satisfied to live a simple life. 她满足于过简单的生活。 · She was satisfied that she had done her best. 她对自己已尽最大努力感到满意。 【词性拓展】 【辨析】satisfied和satisfying satisfied 感到满意的，主语通常是人 She felt satisfied with what she had done. 她对自己所做的事感到满意。 satisfying 令人满意的，主语通常是事物 The trip was really satisfying. 这次旅行十分令人满意。 【练习】 一、适当形式填空 1. The manager nodded and looked ________ (satisfy) with our plan for the activity. 2. It is a ________ (satisfy) experience to help others and see their bright smiles. 3. To our ________ (satisfy), our group finished the difficult task ahead of time. 二、补全句子 1. 他满足于每天花一点时间阅读，不去追求快速的收获。 He ________ ________ ________ spend a little time reading every day ________ ________ chasing quick gains. 三、短文首字母填空 Many people are 1.s___________ when their hard work pays off. This feeling does not only come from big prizes. It often appears after small efforts. If we set proper targets and stick to them, we can enjoy such nice feelings. We should not only wait for praise from others. True inner peace comes when we have tried our 2.b___________. This state of mind builds up our 3.c___________ and helps us face new 4.c___________ bravely. It becomes a valuable treasure in our whole 5.l___________. Amy felt encouraged to live a useful life after reading a passage about peanuts. 埃米读了一篇关于花生的文章后,感到很受鼓舞,想要过有用的一生。（教材P56） 【知识点】passage n. 章节；段落；乐段 [可数名词] a passage from 一节 · He read out a short passage from this book. 他朗读了这本书里的一小段。 · Please translate this passage into French. 请把这一段翻译为法语。 【拓展】阅读理解词汇易混辨析 单词 含义 侧重点 例句 passage 段落；短文；通道 阅读材料中的一段 read a passage paragraph 段落 文章的自然段 the first paragraph article 文章 完整的文章，可长可短 a newspaper article text 课文；文本 整篇文字材料 read the text essay 文章；论文 议论文、散文 write an essay chapter 章节 书的一章 Chapter One In the late 1980s, Fan came up with the idea of digitalizing the caves. 20世纪80年代末，樊锦诗提出了石窟数字化的构想。（教材P57） 【知识点】digitalize vt. (= digitalise[BrE]) 使（信息）数字化 由“digital (adj. 数码的；数字式的) + -ize(动词后缀)”构成。 · Our school plans to digitalize the library next year. 我们学校计划明年把图书馆数字化。 【词性拓展】_________ adj. 数码的；数字的 → ____________ n. 数字化 【词缀】后缀 -ize 规律：形容词 / 名词 → 动词，表示 “使……；把……化” 名词/形容词 动词 含义 modern 使现代化 real 实现；意识到 organ 组织 memory 记住 summary 总结 Went to work in Dunhuang after she graduated in 1963 1963年毕业后她前往敦煌工作（教材P57） 【知识点】graduate vi. & vt. (大学) 毕业 · graduate _______ 从……毕业（接学校） · graduate _______ 毕业于（接专业） · I graduated from college and became a nurse. 大学毕业后我成了一名护士。 · It was my first job after graduation. 那是我毕业后的第一份工作。 · She graduated in history. 她毕业于历史专业。 · He graduated in law from Peking University.他毕业于北京大学法律专业。 【补充】graduate [可数名词]大学毕业生 · He is a graduate of Peking University. 他是一名北京大学的毕业生。 【词性拓展】__________ n.毕业 → __________ n.本科生 语境串记 The graduate graduated from Tsinghua University. After graduation, he became a software engineer. 这名大学毕业生毕业于清华大学。毕业后，他成了一名软件工程师。 【练习】 一、单项选择 1. The young researcher graduated ______ physics ______ a top university in the north. A. in; from B. from; in C. in; for D. from; for 2. As a new ______, he decided to give up city jobs and work in the western areas. A. graduate B. graduation C. graduating D. graduated 3. After ______ from the university, she chose to study culture and art in ancient caves. A. graduate B. graduated C. graduating D. graduates 二、适当形式填空 1. This group of young ________ (graduate) all show great interest in traditional art. 2. His ________ (graduate) speech encouraged many students to follow their true dreams. She saw many girls in the mountains drop out of school, so she decided to do something for them. 她看到山里很多女孩辍学，于是决定为她们做些什么。（教材P59） 【知识点】drop out of school 失学，辍学 · Faraday dropped out of school at an early age, but he found every chance to study and became a great scientist. 法拉第早年辍学，却抓住一切机会学习，成了一名伟大的科学家。 【拓展】drop相关短语 drop out of 从…… 退出；辍学 drop by 顺便来访（口语，不加宾语） drop in (on sb.) 顺便拜访（某人） drop off 睡着；放下；下降 【练习】补全句子 1. 在过去，一些孩子因为贫穷而被迫辍学。 In the old days, some children were ________ to ________ ________ ________ school ________ ________ poverty. ... since he has decided to donate his body for medical research when he dies. ……因为他已经决定去世后捐献遗体用于医学研究。（教材P60） 【知识点】research un. 研究 →___________ n. 研究者 · do research (on/into sth) 进行(关于某方面的)研究/调查 · ______________ research 开展研究 · In April, some planarians were taken into the China Space Station for scientific research. 四月，一些涡虫被带入中国空间站进行科学研究。 · Though scientists have done much research on the brain, there’s still a lot to do. 尽管科学家们已经对大脑进行了大量研究，但要做的仍有很多。 【拓展】[动词] 研究；调查 · She spent several months researching the subject. 她花了几个月的时间研究这个主题。 【练习】 一、适当形式填空 1. The group of ________ (research) have spent years doing ________ (research) on human health. 2. He plans ________ (research) how to improve the local medical service in poor villages. 3. Much ________ (research) shows that simple lifestyle is good for our body. 二、短文首字母填空 Some scientists 1.r___________ human bodies to get more medical knowledge. Some people choose to donate their bodies after death to support such work. Their great acts help workers find new ways to fight illnesses. Every donation offers valuable 2.m___________ for the study of human health. Such work needs longterm effort and careful 3.w___________. It brings hope for sick people and pushes medicine to make new 4.p___________. These special gifts are worth our deep 5.r___________. I am greatly influenced by my father. I have made up my mind to live my life just like him. 我深受父亲的影响。我已下定决心要像他一样度过自己的一生。（教材P60） 【8B U6复习】influence的用法 influence 【词性拓展】___________ adj.有影响力的 → ____________ n.（社交媒体上的）网红（指通过社交平台影响他人消费、观念的人） 【知识点2】make up one’s mind 下定决心 同义转换：make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 · Claire made up her mind to win first prize. 克莱尔下定决心要赢得一等奖。 · He made up his mind to take part in the English speech contest last week. 他上周下定决心参加英语演讲比赛。 【练习】 一、单项选择 1. The writer is an ________ person and his ideas greatly ________ young readers. A. influence; influential B. influential; influence C. influenced; influence D. influence; influenced 2. After thinking for several days, he made up his mind ________ the voluntary program in mountain areas. A. join B. joining C. to join D. joined 3. Once you have made up your ________, you’d better keep trying instead of giving it up easily. A. mind B. minds C. decision D. decisions 二、单句语法填空 1. The girl ________ (make) up her mind to devote herself ______ education in remote villages years ago. 2. Those online ________ (influence) should spread positive messages to teenagers. 三、补全句子 1. 在和父母深入交谈之后，她下定决心去西部做文化保护工作。 After talking ________ with her parents, she ________ ________ ________ ________ to work on cultural protection in the west. 2. 一旦下定决心，你就应该投入全部精力去完成这项艰难的任务。 ________ you ________ ________ ________ ________, you should put all your effort into finishing this hard task. 单元语法 【知识点】动词-ing 的用法 动词-ing 可以在句中用作主语、宾语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。 考向1 作主语 动词-ing作主语时，表示习惯性的动作。单个动词-ing作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。多个动词-ing作并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 · Playing basketball brings him a lot of joy. 打篮球给他带来很多快乐。 · Singing and dancing are my hobbies. 唱歌和跳舞是我的业余爱好。 考向2 作宾语 后接动词-ing形式作宾语的常见动词(短语)有：enjoy、finish、keep、mind、avoid、practise、suggest、feel like、can’t help、look forward to、have trouble等。 · She finished reading the book in two days. 她两天内读完了这本书。 · I don’t mind waiting a little longer. 我不介意再多等一会儿。 · She can’t help crying after hearing the sad news. 听到这个坏消息，她忍不住哭了。 考向3 作定语或表语 动词-ing可在名词前作定语或在连系动词后作表语。 · The speaker made some interesting points. 演讲者提出了一些有趣的观点。 · He is in the reading room now. 他现在在阅览室。 · Her hobby is collecting stamps. 她的业余爱好是集邮。 考向4 作宾语补足语 动词-ing可用在动词hear、see、watch、feel、notice等之后，作宾语补足语。 · We can hear birds singing in the tree. 我们能听见鸟儿在树上鸣叫。 · She watched the kids playing in the yard. 她看着孩子们在院子里玩。 · I didn’t notice him leaving. 我没看到他离开。 【知识点】动词-ed 的用法 动词-ed可以用作形容词，放在名词之前或连系动词之后。 · He had a surprised look on his face. 他一脸惊讶。 · The kids feel excited about the holiday. 孩子们对假期感到兴奋不已。 【用法拓展】 动词-ing和动词-ed都可以用作形容词，但是含义不同。 · 以-ing结尾的形容词表达主动含义，通常用来形容事物，表示事物的特征或性质。 · 以-ed结尾的形容词表达被动含义，通常用来形容人，表示人的主观感受。 · The students are all interested in this interesting book. 学生们都对这本有趣的书感兴趣。 【练习】 一、单项选择 (    )1．________ too much time playing games is bad for your eyes. A．Spend B．Spending C．Spent D．To spending (    )2．________ more English texts ________ good for you. A．Read; are B．Read; is C．Reading; is D．Reading; are (    )3．It’s fun ________ a huge glass ball drop from the sky on New Year’s Eve. A．have watched B．watch C．watching D．has watched (    )4．He can’t use his arms or legs well. So I guess ________ things is difficult for him. A．carry B．carries C．carrying D．carried (    )5．—Were you born in Beijing? —No, I wasn’t. But I have been used ________ in the city since I moved here 10 years ago. A．to living B．to live C．Living D．lives (    )6．She is afraid of ________ in front of a lot of people. A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke (    )7．— Why did Lily leave the cinema early? — Because the ending of the film was really ________, and she felt quite ________. A．disappointed; disappointing B．disappointing; disappointed C．disappointed; disappointed D．disappointing; disappointing (    )8．—Did you hear the ________ news? Tom got the scholarship! —Really? I didn’t expect it at all. I am very ________. A．surprised; surprised B．surprising; surprising C．surprised; surprising D．surprising; surprised (    )9．—How was your trip to the science museum yesterday? —It was amazing! I was very ________ in the_________ robot show. A．interested; interesting B．interesting; interested C．interested; interested D．interesting; interesting (    )10．My teacher suggests ________ English every morning. A．to read B．read C．reads D．reading (    )11．Fan Jinshi’s story is ________, and I feel deeply ________ after reading it. A．moving; moved B．moved; moving C．tiring; tired D．tired; tiring (    )12．This volunteer work is ________, but I never feel ________ after finishing it. A．tiring; tired B．tired; tiring C．exciting; excited D．excited; exciting 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整 Last Sunday, I watched a movie that really made me feel 1. ________ (excite). The story was so 2. ________ (interest) that I couldn’t take my eyes off the screen. One scene was quite 3. ________ (frighten), so my little sister looked 4. ________ (worry). After the movie, she told me she felt a little 5. ________ (tire) but happy. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. Keep studying hard in the future because ________ (learn) is a lifelong journey. 7. He looked ________ (relax) before the match as there was a big smile on his face. 8. They enjoy ________ (hike) up the mountains in their free time. 9. Mandy’s parents were quite ________ (surprise) that she won first prize in the English competition. 10. The movie is so ________ (excite) that many viewers feel ________ (excite) after watching it. 11. As we all know, using public chopsticks ________ (be) necessary when we eat with others. 12. Juanjuan is a sweet girl with ________ (smile) eyes. 四、完成句子，每空一词 13. 我听见妈妈正在厨房做午餐。 I hear my mother ________ ________ in the kitchen. 14. 在课堂上认真做笔记是一个学习英语的好方法。 ________ ________ carefully in class is a good way to learn English. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $