2027届高考英语语法一轮复习 第2讲 谓语动词的时态（下）学案

2027届高考英语语法一轮复习 第2讲 谓语动词的时态（下） 一、现在进行时 - 1 - 二、过去进行时 - 2 - 三、将来进行时 - 3 - 四、现在完成时 - 3 - 五、过去完成时 - 3 - 【链接高考】 - 4 - 一、现在进行时 1.用法 a.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情 We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。 b.表示现阶段长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 He is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时未必正在写，只是现阶段处于写作的状态） c.与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。（暗含不满、抱怨） d.表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动用现在进行时表将来 l am seeing him off this afternoon．今天下午我去给他送行。 The train is arriving here soon. 火车马上就到了。 e.渐变动词（如get, run, grow, become, begin）以及瞬间动词die等用现在进行时表将来 He is dying. 他要死了。（而非“正在死”） 2.现在分词变化 a.一般直接+ing carry-carrying，drink-drinking，answer-answering b.以不发音的e结尾，去e再加ing come-coming，make-making，ache-aching 以发音的e结尾，直接+ing，无需去e see-seeing，agree-agreeing c.重读闭音节，双写尾字母+ing hit-hitting，plan-planning，swim-swimming 不是重读音节直接+ing，无需双写 open-opening，listen-listening w，x，y结尾即使满足重读闭音节也不双写 blow-blowing，fix-fixing，play-playing d.特殊变化1：以ie结尾，改ie为y+ing die-dying，lie-lying，tie-tying e.特殊变化2：以发/k/的c结尾，+king panic-panicking，picnic-picnicking 3.时间状语：now/nowadays，at present，at the moment，these days，currently 【例题】 (2025·山东威海模拟)Currently, these innovative digital programmes, ranging from tracking the journeys of wildlife to virtual adoption, ____________________(bridge) the gap between humans and animals.  二、过去进行时 1.用法 a.表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 b.用于描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生，常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，天正在下雨。 固定句型：was/were doing … when … did … 正在做…这时… c.动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。 I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动? 2.时间状语：at that time/moment，then，at ten yesterday，from nine to ten last evening 3.与一般过去时区分：过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。 He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完) He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完) 【例题】 (26-27高二上·全国·期中)I ____________________(walk) in the street when it suddenly rained heavily. 三、将来进行时 1.用法：表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 2.时间状语：at this time tomorrow，at 8 the day after tomorrow 【例题】 (26-27高二上·全国·期中)This time next year, most of us ____________________(study) different majors at universities. 四、现在完成时 1.用法 a.影响性：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或结果 b.持续性：从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态 2.时间状语 a.已经：already，yet b.最近：recently，lately c.for+时间段，since+时间点 d.over/in the past/last/recent+时间段 e.到目前为止：so far，by now，up to/till now 3.固定句型 It is/has been+时间段+since sb did 自从某人做…以来已经…时间了 This/It is the 序数词/最高级 that … have/has done 这是第…次…/这是做过最…的一次 【例题】 In February 2023, destructive earthquakes struck Turkey and Syria, leaving countless buildings in ruins. Many families ____________________(suffer) from cold and hunger since then, with no proper shelter to protect them from the harsh weather.  (2026·江苏盐城第一次学情检测)Recently, the “new four great inventions” ____________________(improve) the quality of people’s lives.  五、过去完成时 1.用法 a.一件事发生在过去，另一件事先于它发生，先发生的用过去完成时。（过去的过去） When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 b.表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去某一时间的动作。（时间状语：by/before+过去时间点） My uncle and my aunt had been married for almost a century before they passed away. 我的叔叔和婶婶在去世前已经结婚将近一个世纪了。 By the end of his teenage, he had won a reputation as a wonderful young musician. 在他青春期结束的时候，他已经赢得了杰出青年音乐家的声誉。 c.表示希望、打算的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示未实现的愿望，“原本打算/希望/认为…而未能做…”（虚拟语气） I had hoped to visit Mount Tai last summer, but I was too busy. 去年夏天我本希望能去泰山的，但是我太忙了。 2.固定句型 This/It was the 序数词/最高级 that … had done 这是第…次…/这是做过最…的一次 No sooner had…done … than …/Hardly/Scarcely had…done … when … 刚刚…就…（倒装，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时） Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. 我一到家就下起了滂沱大雨。 【例题】 A few nights before Halloween 1995, Janette and Greig Fennell ____________________(pull) into their garage in Northern California.  By the time Brad left for college, he ____________________(grow) emotionally distant from his father and, ultimately, they had no relationship.  【链接高考】 1.(2025·全国一卷)A decent winner always ____________________(try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side. 2.(2025·北京卷)By the time you brushed your teeth, you ____________________(make) several decisions even without noticing.  3.(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份).  4.(2022·全国乙卷)To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ____________________(address) the opening ceremony. 5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry ____________________(fix) his car when he heard the screams.  1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027届高考英语语法一轮复习 第2讲 谓语动词的时态（下） 一、现在进行时 - 1 - 二、过去进行时 - 2 - 三、将来进行时 - 3 - 四、现在完成时 - 3 - 五、过去完成时 - 4 - 【链接高考】 - 5 - 一、现在进行时 1.用法 a.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情 We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。 b.表示现阶段长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 He is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时未必正在写，只是现阶段处于写作的状态） c.与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。（暗含不满、抱怨） d.表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动用现在进行时表将来 l am seeing him off this afternoon．今天下午我去给他送行。 The train is arriving here soon. 火车马上就到了。 e.渐变动词（如get, run, grow, become, begin）以及瞬间动词die等用现在进行时表将来 He is dying. 他要死了。（而非“正在死”） 2.现在分词变化 a.一般直接+ing carry-carrying，drink-drinking，answer-answering b.以不发音的e结尾，去e再加ing come-coming，make-making，ache-aching 以发音的e结尾，直接+ing，无需去e see-seeing，agree-agreeing c.重读闭音节，双写尾字母+ing hit-hitting，plan-planning，swim-swimming 不是重读音节直接+ing，无需双写 open-opening，listen-listening w，x，y结尾即使满足重读闭音节也不双写 blow-blowing，fix-fixing，play-playing d.特殊变化1：以ie结尾，改ie为y+ing die-dying，lie-lying，tie-tying e.特殊变化2：以发/k/的c结尾，+king panic-panicking，picnic-picnicking 3.时间状语：now/nowadays，at present，at the moment，these days，currently 【例题】 (2025·山东威海模拟)Currently, these innovative digital programmes, ranging from tracking the journeys of wildlife to virtual adoption, are bridging(bridge) the gap between humans and animals.  解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为句子的谓语;根据时间状语Currently可知,此处应用现在进行时,强调动作现阶段一直在进行;主语为these innovative digital programmes,为复数,助动词be用are。故填are bridging。 二、过去进行时 1.用法 a.表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 b.用于描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生，常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，天正在下雨。 固定句型：was/were doing … when … did … 正在做…这时… c.动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。 I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动? 2.时间状语：at that time/moment，then，at ten yesterday，from nine to ten last evening 3.与一般过去时区分：过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。 He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完) He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完) 【例题】 (26-27高二上·全国·期中)I was walking(walk) in the street when it suddenly rained heavily. 解析　考查动词的时态。句意:我正在街上走路时，突然下起了大雨。be doing...when...固定句型，表“正在做某事，突然...,由when it suddenly rained heavily可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词使用was。 三、将来进行时 1.用法：表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 2.时间状语：at this time tomorrow，at 8 the day after tomorrow 【例题】 (26-27高二上·全国·期中)This time next year, most of us will be studying(study) different majors at universities. 解析　考查动词的时态。句意:明年这个时候，我们大多数人将会正在大学里学习不同的专业。"This time next year"是将来进行时的标志，此空填will be studying。 四、现在完成时 1.用法 a.影响性：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或结果 b.持续性：从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态 2.时间状语 a.已经：already，yet b.最近：recently，lately c.for+时间段，since+时间点 d.over/in the past/last/recent+时间段 e.到目前为止：so far，by now，up to/till now 3.固定句型 It is/has been+时间段+since sb did 自从某人做…以来已经…时间了 This/It is the 序数词/最高级 that … have/has done 这是第…次…/这是做过最…的一次 【例题】 In February 2023, destructive earthquakes struck Turkey and Syria, leaving countless buildings in ruins. Many families have been suffering/have suffered(suffer) from cold and hunger since then, with no proper shelter to protect them from the harsh weather.  解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据空后的since then可知,空处可用现在完成进行时,表示过去的动作持续到现在,不间断;或用现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语Many families为复数,助动词用have。故填have been suffering/have suffered。 (2026·江苏盐城第一次学情检测)Recently, the “new four great inventions” have improved(improve) the quality of people’s lives.  解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Recently和语境可知,此处描述过去发生的动作一直延续到现在,并对现在有影响,用现在完成时;主语inventions为复数,助动词用have。故填have improved。 五、过去完成时 1.用法 a.一件事发生在过去，另一件事先于它发生，先发生的用过去完成时。（过去的过去） When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 b.表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去某一时间的动作。（时间状语：by/before+过去时间点） My uncle and my aunt had been married for almost a century before they passed away. 我的叔叔和婶婶在去世前已经结婚将近一个世纪了。 By the end of his teenage, he had won a reputation as a wonderful young musician. 在他青春期结束的时候，他已经赢得了杰出青年音乐家的声誉。 c.表示希望、打算的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示未实现的愿望，“原本打算/希望/认为…而未能做…”（虚拟语气） I had hoped to visit Mount Tai last summer, but I was too busy. 去年夏天我本希望能去泰山的，但是我太忙了。 2.固定句型 This/It was the 序数词/最高级 that … had done 这是第…次…/这是做过最…的一次 No sooner had…done … than …/Hardly/Scarcely had…done … when … 刚刚…就…（倒装，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时） Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. 我一到家就下起了滂沱大雨。 【例题】 A few nights before Halloween 1995, Janette and Greig Fennell had pulled(pull) into their garage in Northern California.  解析　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语A few nights before Halloween 1995可知,此处表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had pulled。 By the time Brad left for college, he had grown(grow) emotionally distant from his father and, ultimately, they had no relationship.  解析　考查动词的时态。根据By the time引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时可知,主句用过去完成时。故填had grown。 【链接高考】 1.(2025·全国一卷)A decent winner always tries(try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side. 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据always和语境可知,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时;主语A decent winner为第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填tries。 2.(2025·北京卷)By the time you brushed your teeth, you had made(make) several decisions even without noticing.  解析　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语从句By the time you brushed your teeth可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态应用过去完成时。故填had made。 3.(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份).  解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语some supermarkets为复数,助动词用have。故填have started。 4.(2022·全国乙卷)To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed(address) the opening ceremony. 解析　考查动词的时态。空处作谓语,根据上一句中的谓语took place的时态可知,应用一般过去时。address在本句中为动词,意为“致辞;演讲”。故填addressed。 5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry was fixing(fix) his car when he heard the screams.  解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是固定句式“be doing ... when ...”,意为“正在做……,这时……”。根据空后heard的时态可知,应用过去进行时,主语Henry为第三人称单数,助动词be用was。故填 was fixing。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $