专题05 Unit 5 Launching Your Career-【语境大串记】 词汇语境串记单元学案-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语单元学案以“职业规划”为主题，围绕选择性必修四Unit 5核心词汇，设计“语境串记-词形转变-梯度练习-关联拓展”的递进式学习路径，从词汇输入到应用输出构建完整知识链，助力学生系统掌握63个单元词汇及词块。 亮点在于“语境化+梯度化”设计，通过“Volunteering in the Mountains”故事整合词汇，多题型练习（如阅读理解复现词汇）强化应用，培养语言能力，易混词辨析、跨单元复习提升思维品质，“顽固词库”支持个性化巩固，培养学习能力。为教师提供系统复习框架，有效促进学生深度学习与能力发展。

专题05 第五单元 语境串记单元记忆学案（人教版2019） （ 知识点来源： 选择性必修四 Unit 5 Launching Your Career ） 学校:_____________ 姓名：______________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 1 第二部分：词形转变表 3 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 3 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 7 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 5 Launching Your Career，共63词） 9 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 12 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 A. 语境串记单词（英文原文） Volunteering in the Mountains Last year I finished school and faced a big question: what career should I choose? My ideas seemed to bounce around in my mind like balls, and I had no clear direction. My parents told me to use my aptitude for science, because I had a head start in maths and geometry. My uncle, a lawyer, suggested a different scenario: I could assemble a future in law, since I loved arguing about justice. My cousin the scientist studied hydrogen and radium, but his family was deep in debt. My elder sister, an accountant, kept her resume in a drawer of her a chest of drawers, and she said a career needs careful planning. To find the answer, I joined a career test, and the results helped me categorise my interests. As a participant, I answered questions about my profile, and the computer used a code to analyse my answers. The test told me to orient myself towards creative work, and the graphic results were clear. The test even mentioned selling an estate as real estate agent or building a company like an entrepreneur. It even suggested I could become a detective or a spy, which sounded exciting, but my mother accused me of being greedy when I said I wanted to do everything. We came to a conclusion: I should try several jobs before deciding. During the summer holiday, I worked as a receptionist in a small hotel, learning to attend to the guests and supervise the cleaning. The manager praised my handwriting in the guest book and gave me a disk of training videos. Every day I checked the parking area, helped the cooks fry fish, and fed the camel behind the hotel. One day I hurt my wrist carrying luggage for a bridegroom at the hotel. I watched a woman sew and knit wool clothes for her children, and she taught me to fix a purse. I met a socialist scholar and a communist writer at the hotel, and they told me to dedicate my life to helping others, like the fox in the old fable. I even helped the town council clean the canal near the hotel. In September, I entered an intermediate business course, and I learned that every successful person sets a priority and works towards it with proficiency. My employer offered me a certificate of service and a receipt for my salary, and he said he would finance my further study if I returned. I felt like a mother bird pressing her egg to her breast, free from a cage: my future was no longer a desert of doubt, and I had to acquire the skills I needed. I bought a collar and a flea collar for the hotel dog, packed my bag, and walked out into the sunshine, because I had learned that a career is not a prison but a bridge to a better self. B. 语境串记单词（汉语译文） 去年，我完成了中学学业，面对一个大问题：我该选择什么职业？我的想法似乎在脑海里像球一样蹦来蹦去(bounce)，蹦来蹦去(bounce around)，毫无方向。父母告诉我应该发挥我在科学上的天赋(aptitude)，因为我在数学和几何学上有起步优势(head start)。我的叔叔是一位律师(lawyer)，他提出了另一种设想(scenario)：他相信我可以组装(assemble)一个法律领域的未来，因为我热爱争论正义问题。我的姐姐是一名会计(accountant)，她把简历(resume)放在抽屉柜(a chest of drawers)的抽屉(drawer)里，并提醒我一份好职业需要精心规划。 为了找到答案，我参加了一个职业测试，测试结果帮助我把(categorise)自己的兴趣分类。作为测试的参与者(participant)，我回答了许多关于我概况(profile)的问题，电脑用秘密代码(code)分析我的答案。测试告诉我应该把自己定位(orient)在创意工作上，结果的图表(graphic)设计相当清晰。测试甚至提到，我可以作为房地产经纪人(real estate agent)出售一处房产(estate)，或者像企业家(entrepreneur)一样创办公司。它还建议我可以成为侦探(detective)或间谍(spy)，但当我说我想做所有事情时，妈妈指责(accuse)我太贪婪(greedy)。我们最终得出结论(come to a conclusion)：在做最终决定前，我应该先尝试几份工作。 暑假期间，我在一家小旅馆当接待员(receptionist)，学会了礼貌地照料(attend to)客人，监督(supervise)房间的清洁。经理称赞我在宾客簿上清晰的笔迹(handwriting)，还送给我一张培训视频光盘(disk)带回家看。每天我检查停车(parking)区域，帮厨师油炸(fry)鲜鱼，喂旅馆后面的骆驼(camel)。一天，我在为旅馆里一位新郎(bridegroom)搬行李时伤了手腕(wrist)。我还看着一位善良的女士为她的孩子们缝制(sew)和编织(knit)暖和的毛线(wool)衣服，她教我如何修补破钱包(purse)。我遇到了一位社会主义(socialist)学者和一位共产主义(communist)作家，他们住在这家旅馆，告诉我应该把(dedicate)生命奉献给帮助他人，就像古老寓言里总能找到办法的聪明狐狸(fox)一样。我甚至帮助镇议会(council)清理旅馆附近的运河(canal)。 九月，我进入了一门中级(intermediate)商务课程，我懂得了每个成功人士都会设定明确的优先事项(priority)，并熟练(proficiency)地朝目标努力。旅馆的雇主(employer)发给我一张服务证书(certificate)和一张工资收据(receipt)，他说如果我答应回来，就资助(finance)我继续深造。我感觉自己像一只逃出笼子(cage)的鸟儿：我的未来不再是怀疑的荒漠(desert)，我必须一步一步获得(acquire)所需的技能。我给旅馆的小狗买了新颈圈(collar)和灭蚤颈圈(flea collar)，收拾好行李箱，走进阳光里，准备开始自己的旅程，因为我终于明白：职业不是监狱，而是通往更好自我的桥梁。 第二部分：词形转变表 序号 原词 词形变化 1 secondary adj.中学的 second (num.) 第二；secondly (adv.) 其次；secondary school 中学 2 dust n.灰尘 dusty (adj.) 布满灰尘的；dusting (现在分词)；dustbin (n.) 垃圾箱 3 weed n.杂草 weedy (adj.) 杂草丛生的；weeding (现在分词)；weed out 清除 4 uniform n.校服 uniformly (adv.) 一致地；uniformity (n.) 一致性；school uniform 校服 5 rigid adj.死板的 rigidly (adv.) 死板地；rigidity (n.) 僵化 6 bubble vi.起泡 bubbling (现在分词)；bubbly (adj.) 起泡的；bubbled (过去式) 7 chemist n.化学家 chemistry (n.) 化学；chemical (adj.) 化学的；chemically (adv.) 化学上 8 wrinkle n.皱纹 wrinkled (adj.) 有皱纹的；wrinkling (现在分词)；wrinkly (adj.) 起皱的 9 drag vt.拖 dragged (过去式)；dragging (现在分词)；drag on 拖延 10 privilege n.特权 privileged (adj.) 有特权的；privileges (复数) 11 resign vi.辞职 resignation (n.) 辞职；resigned (adj.) 听天由命的；resigning (现在分词) 12 deserve vt.值得 deserved (adj.) 应得的；deserving (adj.) 值得的；deserves (第三人称) 13 tune n.曲调 tuned (过去式)；tuning (现在分词)；tuneful (adj.) 悦耳的 14 grant vt.同意 granted (过去式)；granting (现在分词)；take for granted 视为理所当然 15 stability n.稳定 stable (adj.) 稳定的；stabilise (v.) 使稳定；stably (adv.) 稳定地 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 题型1：英汉互译（30题） 乐思英语 ·语境串记单词 第 1 / 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 子题A：英译中（20个） 1. parcel → __________ 2. jam → __________ 3. mail → __________ 4. secondary → __________ 5. clay → __________ 6. dust → __________ 7. dusty → __________ 8. weed → __________ 9. cotton → __________ 10. uniform → __________ 11. tablet → __________ 12. rubber → __________ 13. rigid → __________ 14. bubble → __________ 15. tube → __________ 16. chemist → __________ 17. shade → __________ 18. wrinkle → __________ 19. privilege → __________ 20. disabled → __________ 子题B：中译英（10个） 1. 齐声 → __________ 2. 更不用说 → __________ 3. 洗手间 → __________ 4. 前额 → __________ 5. 水壶 → __________ 6. 平底锅 → __________ 7. 成熟的 → __________ 8. 握手 → __________ 9. 拖 → __________ 10. 最近 → __________ 题型2：词形变换（15题） 1. __________ (secondary), the kind teacher talked about the great importance of reading and writing in our daily school lives every day. 2. The old mountain road was so __________ (dust) that we had to cover our mouths with cloth while walking up the hill. 3. The patient farmers in the village spent the whole morning __________ (weed) the green fields before the heavy rain came down. 4. The school rules were applied __________ (uniform) to all the students in every class of the whole school without exception. 5. The great __________ (rigid) of the old school rules made the shy children too afraid to speak at all in class. 6. The water in the very large cooking pot __________ (bubble) loudly when the strong fire became much hotter than before. 7. The young man from the village studied __________ (chemist) at university, and now he works in a modern hospital in the city. 8. Time had left deep and dark __________ (wrinkle) on the old farmer's brown face, but his bright eyes still looked young. 9. The heavy bags of seeds were hard to move, so we __________ (drag) them slowly across the wide muddy field after the rain. 10. The young teacher from the city felt truly __________ (privilege) to teach the lovely children in the quiet mountain village. 11. The worried workers in the factory sadly accepted the news of the manager's __________ (resign) with great sadness in their heavy hearts. 12. The brave and kind teacher worked day and night because he truly believed the children __________ (deserve) a much better future. 13. The happy children in the village sang a very __________ (tune) song that their kind old grandmother had taught them long ago. 14. The kind local government __________ (grant) the small mountain school a very large sum of money for new books last year. 15. The new stone bridge has made the daily lives of the villagers much more __________ (stability) than they were before. 题型3：短语填空（5题） 从方框中选择短语，用正确形式填空： a chorus of；not to mention；take for granted；pray that；relay to 1. The children answered the teacher with __________ cheers when the holiday was announced. 2. He walked for hours to school every day, __________ the heavy bag he had to carry. 3. We should never __________ the clean water and warm houses we enjoy every day. 4. I __________ the villagers will have better housing and schools in the near future. 5. Please __________ this message __________ the head teacher as soon as possible. 题型4：完成句子（10题） 1. 经过漫长疲惫的布满灰尘的步行，我终于到达了安静的村庄，那里的红色黏土路旁每一间小屋边都长满了野草。 After a long and tiring __________ walk, I finally reached the quiet village, where the red __________ paths were covered with wild __________ beside every hut. 2. 学生们穿上校服走几小时到中学，更不用说还要花时间帮父母在田里摘棉花。 The students put on their __________ and walked for hours to the __________ school, not to mention the time they spent helping to pick __________ in the fields. 3. 旧教室完全没有洗手间，我们唯一的教学工具是一块橡皮、一根粉笔管和一个破旧的煮饭锅。 The old classroom had no __________ at all, and our only teaching tools were a piece of __________, a chalk __________ and a broken cooking pan. 4. 孩子们的笑声像快乐的马戏团一样沸腾，我们常在凉爽的树荫下休息，因为最近的药房要走一整天的路。 The children's laughter __________ like a happy circus, and we often rested in the cool __________, because the nearest __________ was a day's walk away. 5. 老妇人布满皱纹的下巴和疲惫的前额诉说着艰辛的岁月，我们轻轻用手帕擦去她慈祥脸上的灰尘。 The old woman's wrinkled __________ and tired __________ told of her hard years, and we gently wiped the __________ from her kind face with a cloth. 6. 我们用水壶烧水、用坛子煮饭，还不得不用湿黏土封堵泥墙上的洞。 We boiled water in a __________, cooked rice in a __________, and had to __________ the holes in the mud wall with wet clay. 7. 我们吃剩下的食物，每位客人离开前都会收到温暖的握手，村里一个残疾的孩子需要我们的照顾。 We ate the __________ food, every guest received a warm __________ before leaving, and a __________ child in the village needed our care. 8. 我不得不把沉重的种子袋拖过院子，因为在村里生活是一种我不配拥有的巨大特权。 I had to __________ the heavy bags of seeds, because living in the village was a great __________ that I did not __________. 9. 我决定辞去城市的工作回去帮忙，并且学会了珍惜学生们的每一点投入。 I decided to __________ from my city job and return, and I have learned to value every small __________ from my students. 10. 我祈祷他们能过上和平稳定的生活，我衡量成功的唯一标准是他们脸上温暖幸福的笑容。 I __________ that they will live a life of peace and __________, and my only __________ for success is the warm happy smiles on their faces. 题型5：句型同义转换：用本单元单词或短语作答 1. The children all shouted 'Yes!' at the same time. → The children answered with __________ __________ __________ cheers. 2. He walked for hours to school, and the heavy bag made it even harder. → He walked for hours to school, __________ __________ __________ the heavy bag he carried. 3. We often forget that clean water is something we should be thankful for. → We often __________ __________ __________ the clean water we enjoy. 4. I hope very much that the village will get a new school. → I __________ __________ the village will get a new school. 5. Please pass this message on to the head teacher. → Please __________ this message __________ the head teacher. 题型6：单句语法填空（10题） 1. The children __________ (play) in the field when it started to rain. 2. She enjoys __________ (help) the old people in the village. 3. This room is much __________ (clean) than the one we stayed in last week. 4. One of the biggest __________ (house) in the village belongs to the teacher. 5. The teacher asked us __________ (bring) some books for the children. 6. The tired workers stopped __________ (rest) under the big tree. 7. Since last year, the volunteers __________ (teach) more than fifty children. 8. The letters __________ (send) to the village by mail every month. 9. The more you give, the __________ (happy) you will feel. 10. The little boy is old enough __________ (walk) to school by himself. 题型7：阅读理解（词汇复现） Last Friday, our school held a career day, and many people came to talk to us about their jobs. A lawyer told us that she had to read many books and pass difficult exams before she could start her own work. An accountant showed us how she checks the money records of a company and keeps everything in order. A detective shared exciting stories about finding the truth, and he said that his job needs patience and careful observation. Each speaker told us about a different scenario of work, and the teacher told us to discover our aptitude and get a head start in our favourite field. In the afternoon, we took a career test to discover our own interests. The test asked us to categorise our favourite activities, and the computer used a special code to give us a clear profile of our skills and wishes. The test also showed us a graphic of the results, and we learned to prepare a good resume . The teacher said that we should orient our study towards the jobs we love, and that we should never choose a career just for money, because greedy choices often lead to an unhappy life. She told us that every participant in the test should come to a conclusion about his or her own future. The most interesting part of the day was the visit to a real estate agency. A real estate agent showed us how to sell houses, and an entrepreneur talked about how he built his own business from nothing. We also visited a small workshop where the workers assemble new computers, and we watched them supervise the whole process. The receptionist showed us how to greet guests, and she praised my handwriting in the book. A worker also taught us to sew and knit bags, and she showed us her purse made of wool . She said that every worker should attend to the small details of the job, because success is built step by step. At the end of the day, I understood that launching my career is a long journey, not a sudden jump. I should set a clear priority for my study and improve my proficiency in the skills I love. My future employer may ask for a certificate of training, so I must keep learning, acquire more knowledge, and ask the company to finance my further study. I also learned that money can never be the only reason to choose a job, and that a career should bring joy to myself and help to others. 1. What did the detective say about his job? A. It requires reading many books and passing exams. B. It needs patience and careful observation. C. It is about checking money records. D. It is the most exciting job in the world. 2. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the author’s attitude towards choosing a career? A. The author believes money is the most important factor. B. The author believes one should choose the easiest job. C. The author thinks a career should be decided by parents. D. The author thinks a career should be chosen based on personal interest and helping others. 3. What did the teacher advise the students to do based on the career test? A. Choose a career that makes the most money. B. Focus their study on the jobs they love. C. Only take the test once. D. Ignore the test results. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The school career day helped students learn about different jobs and think about their future careers. B. The students learned how to make money by visiting a real estate agency. C. The career test was the most important part of the day. D. The author decided to become a lawyer after the career day. 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 A. 词汇网络图（话题：Sharing） 类别 词汇 同义词 / 近义 相关词 / 话题 行为动词 描述词 短语 / 搭配 B. 易混词辨析（4组，每组3小题） 第1组：dust / dusty / dusting (1) The old room was covered with a thick layer of __________ (灰尘) when we opened the door. (2) The __________ (布满灰尘的) road became clean after the heavy rain. (3) The housekeeper spent the whole morning __________ (擦灰) the old furniture. 第2组：resign / resignation / resigned (1) The manager decided to __________ (辞职) from the company after twenty years of hard work. (2) The workers accepted the news of his __________ (辞职) with great sadness. (3) With a __________ (听天由命的) smile, the old man agreed to leave his home village. 第3组：deserve / deserved / deserving (1) The kind teacher believed that every child __________ (值得) a chance to learn. (2) The brave firefighter received a __________ (应得的) reward for saving the family. (3) The __________ (值得帮助的) students were given free books by the kind donor. 第4组：stable / stability / stabilise (1) The old bridge is quite __________ (稳定的), and many cars pass over it every day. (2) The new road has brought great __________ (稳定) to the lives of the villagers. (3) The doctor worked hard to __________ (使稳定) the patient's condition after the accident. C. 跨单元微循环（15题，复习 选择性必修四 Unit 3 Reaching Out Across the Sea 词汇（教学进度的上一单元）） 1. The old sailor told us a wonderful __________ (故事) about his dangerous voyages across the wide blue open sea in the past. 2. The brave captain decided to __________ (起航) from the old port very early in the morning with his brave and loyal crew members. 3. The new airport will help to __________ (扩展) the busy trade between the small island and the far mainland in the near future. 4. The two countries spent several months trying to __________ (谈判) a fair agreement about the fair use of the wide open sea. 5. The king sent a huge ______ (舰队) of ships to carry valuable heavy goods to the distant lands across the wide ocean. 6. The __________ (皇家的) family of the small kingdom has already lived in the old stone palace for more than three hundred long years. 7. The army decided to __________ (撤回) its brave soldiers from the small island after the long and very difficult war finally ended. 8. Every careful captain had to pass through the narrow and dangerous __________ (航道) before safely entering the foreign port late in the quiet night. 9. Teaching the young children in the mountain village is a wonderful __________ (职业) that requires great patience, kindness, honesty and a very warm heart. 10. The excited audience in the hall stood up and began to __________ (鼓掌) the brave sailor for his wonderful and moving long speech. 11. Every early spring, the birds begin their long __________ (迁徙) from the warm south to the cool green north of the country. 12. Some big companies __________ (开发) the natural resources of the beautiful small island without ever seriously thinking about the future at all. 13. The kind and gentle queen showed great __________ (仁慈) to the poor hungry fishermen and gave them warm clothes, food and fresh water. 14. The young scientists carefully studied the beautiful __________ (海洋的) plants and animals that live quietly in the deep and dark blue sea for many years. 15. The brave and patient police finally managed to __________ (逮捕) the thief who had stolen the poor merchant's valuable goods at the port. 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 5 Launching Your Career，共63词） 序号 单词 词性 中文释义 默写 1 bounce v.&n. (使)弹起；上下晃动；弹性 2 bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 3 aptitude n. 天资；天赋 4 head start 起步前的优势 5 scenario n. 设想；方案；预测 6 lawyer n. 律师 7 assemble vt.&v. 组装；装配；收集；聚集 8 drawer n. 抽屉 9 a chest of drawers 抽屉柜 10 breast n. 乳房；胸部 11 hydrogen n. 氢；氢气 12 radium n. 镭 13 wrist n. 手腕；腕关节 14 bridegroom n. 新郎 15 geometry n. 几何学；几何图形 16 debt n. 债务；欠款 17 categorise vt. 把…分类(加以归类) 18 profile n.&vt. 简介；概述；扼要介绍 19 participant n. 参与者；参加者 20 code n.&vt. 代码；密码；编码 21 orient vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 22 detective n. 侦探；警探 23 graphic n.&adj. 图表；图形；图画；绘画的 24 estate n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 25 real estate agent 房地产经纪人 26 accountant n. 会计；会计师 27 spy n.&v. 密探；间谍；从事间谍活动 28 justice n. 公平；公正；合理 29 accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 30 come to a conclusion 得出结论 31 greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 32 entrepreneur n. 创业者；企业家 33 receptionist n. 接待员 34 resume n. (求职用的)履历；简历 35 socialist adj.&n. 社会主义的；社会主义者 36 communist adj.&n. 共产主义的；共产主义者 37 dedicate vt. 把…奉献给 38 fox n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 39 council n. 委员会；市政服务机构 40 canal n. 运河；灌溉渠 41 attend to 关怀；照料；处理 42 supervise vt.&vi. 主管；指导；监督 43 handwriting n. 书法；书写；笔迹 44 disk n. 磁盘；盘 45 parking n. 停车位；停车 46 camel n. 骆驼 47 fry n.&v. 油煎的食物；油炸；油炒 48 purse n. 钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用) 49 sew vi.&vt. 缝制；缝；做针线活 50 knit v.&n. 编织；针织；编织的衣服 51 wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料 52 intermediate adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 53 priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 54 proficiency n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 55 cage n.&vt. 笼子；关在笼子里 56 collar n. (动物)颈圈；衣领 57 flea collar 灭蚤颈圈 58 finance n.&vt. 资金；财政；提供资金 59 receipt n. 收据；接收 60 certificate n. 合格证书；证明 61 employer n. 雇主；老板 62 desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 63 acquire vt. 获得；购得 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 请把你反复记不住的单词及错因填写在下表中，便于循环巩固： 序号 单词 词性 错因 / 备注 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $专题05 第五单元 语境串记单元记忆学案（人教版2019） （ 知识点来源： 选择性必修四 Unit 5 Launching Your Career ） 学校:_____________ 姓名：______________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 1 第二部分：词形转变表 2 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 3 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 10 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 5 Launching Your Career，共63词） 15 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 17 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 A. 语境串记单词（英文原文） Volunteering in the Mountains Last year I finished school and faced a big question: what career should I choose? My ideas seemed to bounce around in my mind like balls, and I had no clear direction. My parents told me to use my aptitude for science, because I had a head start in maths and geometry. My uncle, a lawyer, suggested a different scenario: I could assemble a future in law, since I loved arguing about justice. My cousin the scientist studied hydrogen and radium, but his family was deep in debt. My elder sister, an accountant, kept her resume in a drawer of her a chest of drawers, and she said a career needs careful planning. To find the answer, I joined a career test, and the results helped me categorise my interests. As a participant, I answered questions about my profile, and the computer used a code to analyse my answers. The test told me to orient myself towards creative work, and the graphic results were clear. The test even mentioned selling an estate as real estate agent or building a company like an entrepreneur. It even suggested I could become a detective or a spy, which sounded exciting, but my mother accused me of being greedy when I said I wanted to do everything. We came to a conclusion: I should try several jobs before deciding. During the summer holiday, I worked as a receptionist in a small hotel, learning to attend to the guests and supervise the cleaning. The manager praised my handwriting in the guest book and gave me a disk of training videos. Every day I checked the parking area, helped the cooks fry fish, and fed the camel behind the hotel. One day I hurt my wrist carrying luggage for a bridegroom at the hotel. I watched a woman sew and knit wool clothes for her children, and she taught me to fix a purse. I met a socialist scholar and a communist writer at the hotel, and they told me to dedicate my life to helping others, like the fox in the old fable. I even helped the town council clean the canal near the hotel. In September, I entered an intermediate business course, and I learned that every successful person sets a priority and works towards it with proficiency. My employer offered me a certificate of service and a receipt for my salary, and he said he would finance my further study if I returned. I felt like a mother bird pressing her egg to her breast, free from a cage: my future was no longer a desert of doubt, and I had to acquire the skills I needed. I bought a collar and a flea collar for the hotel dog, packed my bag, and walked out into the sunshine, because I had learned that a career is not a prison but a bridge to a better self. B. 语境串记单词（汉语译文） 去年，我完成了中学学业，面对一个大问题：我该选择什么职业？我的想法似乎在脑海里像球一样蹦来蹦去(bounce)，蹦来蹦去(bounce around)，毫无方向。父母告诉我应该发挥我在科学上的天赋(aptitude)，因为我在数学和几何学上有起步优势(head start)。我的叔叔是一位律师(lawyer)，他提出了另一种设想(scenario)：他相信我可以组装(assemble)一个法律领域的未来，因为我热爱争论正义问题。我的姐姐是一名会计(accountant)，她把简历(resume)放在抽屉柜(a chest of drawers)的抽屉(drawer)里，并提醒我一份好职业需要精心规划。 为了找到答案，我参加了一个职业测试，测试结果帮助我把(categorise)自己的兴趣分类。作为测试的参与者(participant)，我回答了许多关于我概况(profile)的问题，电脑用秘密代码(code)分析我的答案。测试告诉我应该把自己定位(orient)在创意工作上，结果的图表(graphic)设计相当清晰。测试甚至提到，我可以作为房地产经纪人(real estate agent)出售一处房产(estate)，或者像企业家(entrepreneur)一样创办公司。它还建议我可以成为侦探(detective)或间谍(spy)，但当我说我想做所有事情时，妈妈指责(accuse)我太贪婪(greedy)。我们最终得出结论(come to a conclusion)：在做最终决定前，我应该先尝试几份工作。 暑假期间，我在一家小旅馆当接待员(receptionist)，学会了礼貌地照料(attend to)客人，监督(supervise)房间的清洁。经理称赞我在宾客簿上清晰的笔迹(handwriting)，还送给我一张培训视频光盘(disk)带回家看。每天我检查停车(parking)区域，帮厨师油炸(fry)鲜鱼，喂旅馆后面的骆驼(camel)。一天，我在为旅馆里一位新郎(bridegroom)搬行李时伤了手腕(wrist)。我还看着一位善良的女士为她的孩子们缝制(sew)和编织(knit)暖和的毛线(wool)衣服，她教我如何修补破钱包(purse)。我遇到了一位社会主义(socialist)学者和一位共产主义(communist)作家，他们住在这家旅馆，告诉我应该把(dedicate)生命奉献给帮助他人，就像古老寓言里总能找到办法的聪明狐狸(fox)一样。我甚至帮助镇议会(council)清理旅馆附近的运河(canal)。 九月，我进入了一门中级(intermediate)商务课程，我懂得了每个成功人士都会设定明确的优先事项(priority)，并熟练(proficiency)地朝目标努力。旅馆的雇主(employer)发给我一张服务证书(certificate)和一张工资收据(receipt)，他说如果我答应回来，就资助(finance)我继续深造。我感觉自己像一只逃出笼子(cage)的鸟儿：我的未来不再是怀疑的荒漠(desert)，我必须一步一步获得(acquire)所需的技能。我给旅馆的小狗买了新颈圈(collar)和灭蚤颈圈(flea collar)，收拾好行李箱，走进阳光里，准备开始自己的旅程，因为我终于明白：职业不是监狱，而是通往更好自我的桥梁。 第二部分：词形转变表 序号 原词 词形变化 1 secondary adj.中学的 second (num.) 第二；secondly (adv.) 其次；secondary school 中学 2 dust n.灰尘 dusty (adj.) 布满灰尘的；dusting (现在分词)；dustbin (n.) 垃圾箱 3 weed n.杂草 weedy (adj.) 杂草丛生的；weeding (现在分词)；weed out 清除 4 uniform n.校服 uniformly (adv.) 一致地；uniformity (n.) 一致性；school uniform 校服 5 rigid adj.死板的 rigidly (adv.) 死板地；rigidity (n.) 僵化 6 bubble vi.起泡 bubbling (现在分词)；bubbly (adj.) 起泡的；bubbled (过去式) 7 chemist n.化学家 chemistry (n.) 化学；chemical (adj.) 化学的；chemically (adv.) 化学上 8 wrinkle n.皱纹 wrinkled (adj.) 有皱纹的；wrinkling (现在分词)；wrinkly (adj.) 起皱的 9 drag vt.拖 dragged (过去式)；dragging (现在分词)；drag on 拖延 10 privilege n.特权 privileged (adj.) 有特权的；privileges (复数) 11 resign vi.辞职 resignation (n.) 辞职；resigned (adj.) 听天由命的；resigning (现在分词) 12 deserve vt.值得 deserved (adj.) 应得的；deserving (adj.) 值得的；deserves (第三人称) 13 tune n.曲调 tuned (过去式)；tuning (现在分词)；tuneful (adj.) 悦耳的 14 grant vt.同意 granted (过去式)；granting (现在分词)；take for granted 视为理所当然 15 stability n.稳定 stable (adj.) 稳定的；stabilise (v.) 使稳定；stably (adv.) 稳定地 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 题型1：英汉互译（30题） 乐思英语 ·语境串记单词 第 1 / 17 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 子题A：英译中（20个） 1. parcel → __________ 2. jam → __________ 3. mail → __________ 4. secondary → __________ 5. clay → __________ 6. dust → __________ 7. dusty → __________ 8. weed → __________ 9. cotton → __________ 10. uniform → __________ 11. tablet → __________ 12. rubber → __________ 13. rigid → __________ 14. bubble → __________ 15. tube → __________ 16. chemist → __________ 17. shade → __________ 18. wrinkle → __________ 19. privilege → __________ 20. disabled → __________ 子题B：中译英（10个） 1. 齐声 → __________ 2. 更不用说 → __________ 3. 洗手间 → __________ 4. 前额 → __________ 5. 水壶 → __________ 6. 平底锅 → __________ 7. 成熟的 → __________ 8. 握手 → __________ 9. 拖 → __________ 10. 最近 → __________ 【答案与解析】 子题A（英译中）： 1. parcel — 包裹 2. jam — 果酱 3. mail — 邮件 4. secondary — 中学的 5. clay — 黏土 6. dust — 灰尘 7. dusty — 布满灰尘的 8. weed — 杂草 9. cotton — 棉花 10. uniform — 校服 11. tablet — 平板电脑 12. rubber — 橡皮 13. rigid — 死板的 14. bubble — 起泡 15. tube — 管子 16. chemist — 药剂师 17. shade — 阴凉处 18. wrinkle — 皱纹 19. privilege — 特权 20. disabled — 有残疾的 子题B（中译英）： 1. a chorus of 2. not to mention 3. washroom 4. forehead 5. kettle 6. pan 7. ripe 8. handshake 9. drag 10. lately 题型2：词形变换（15题） 1. __________ (secondary), the kind teacher talked about the great importance of reading and writing in our daily school lives every day. 答案： secondly 解析：句意： 其次，和蔼的老师谈到了阅读和写作在我们日常学校生活中的重要性；secondary 的副词 secondly 表示"其次"，作状语。 2. The old mountain road was so __________ (dust) that we had to cover our mouths with cloth while walking up the hill. 答案： dusty 解析：句意： 这条旧山路布满灰尘，我们走路时必须用布捂住嘴；dust 的形容词 dusty 表示"布满灰尘的"，作表语。 3. The patient farmers in the village spent the whole morning __________ (weed) the green fields before the heavy rain came down. 答案： weeding 解析：句意： 在大雨来临前，耐心的农民们花了整个上午给绿油油的田地除杂草；weed 的动名词 weeding 表示"除杂草"，spend time doing 为搭配。 4. The school rules were applied __________ (uniform) to all the students in every class of the whole school without exception. 答案： uniformly 解析：句意： 学校的规章制度统一适用于全校每一个班级的学生；uniform 的副词 uniformly 表示"一致地"，修饰 applied。 5. The great __________ (rigid) of the old school rules made the shy children too afraid to speak at all in class. 答案： rigidity 解析：句意： 旧校规的僵化使害羞的孩子们在课堂上不敢说话；rigid 的名词 rigidity 表示"僵化；死板"，作主语。 6. The water in the very large cooking pot __________ (bubble) loudly when the strong fire became much hotter than before. 答案： bubbled 解析：句意： 当大火烧得更旺时，大煮锅里的水咕嘟咕嘟地沸腾起来；bubble 的过去式 bubbled 表示"沸腾；起泡"，作谓语。 7. The young man from the village studied __________ (chemist) at university, and now he works in a modern hospital in the city. 答案： chemistry 解析：句意： 这位年轻人在大学学习化学，现在在市里一家现代化医院工作；chemist 的名词 chemistry 表示"化学"，study chemistry 为搭配。 8. Time had left deep and dark __________ (wrinkle) on the old farmer's brown face, but his bright eyes still looked young. 答案： wrinkles 解析：句意： 岁月在老农民黝黑的脸上留下了深深的皱纹，但他的眼睛依然明亮年轻；wrinkle 表示"皱纹"，deep wrinkles 用复数。 9. The heavy bags of seeds were hard to move, so we __________ (drag) them slowly across the wide muddy field after the rain. 答案： dragged 解析：句意： 沉重的种子袋很难移动，所以我们把它们慢慢拖过泥泞的田地；drag 的过去式 dragged 表示"拖"，作谓语。 10. The young teacher from the city felt truly __________ (privilege) to teach the lovely children in the quiet mountain village. 答案： privileged 解析：句意： 这位来自城市的年轻老师真心感到荣幸，能在宁静的山村教这些可爱的孩子；privilege 的形容词 privileged 表示"荣幸的；有特权的"，作表语。 11. The worried workers in the factory sadly accepted the news of the manager's __________ (resign) with great sadness in their heavy hearts. 答案： resignation 解析：句意： 工人们怀着深深的悲伤接受了经理辞职的消息；resign 的名词 resignation 表示"辞职"，the news of resignation 为搭配。 12. The brave and kind teacher worked day and night because he truly believed the children __________ (deserve) a much better future. 答案： deserved 解析：句意： 这位勇敢的老师夜以继日地工作，因为他相信孩子们值得拥有更好的未来；deserve 的过去式 deserved 表示"值得"，作谓语。 13. The happy children in the village sang a very __________ (tune) song that their kind old grandmother had taught them long ago. 答案： tuneful 解析：句意： 孩子们唱起一首非常悦耳的歌曲，那是慈祥的祖母很久以前教他们的；tune 的形容词 tuneful 表示"悦耳的"，修饰 song。 14. The kind local government __________ (grant) the small mountain school a very large sum of money for new books last year. 答案： granted 解析：句意： 去年，当地政府拨给这所山村小学一大笔钱买新书；grant 的过去式 granted 表示"同意；准许"，作谓语。 15. The new stone bridge has made the daily lives of the villagers much more __________ (stability) than they were before. 答案： stable 解析：句意： 这座新石桥使村民们的日常生活比以前稳定得多；stability 的形容词 stable 表示"稳定的"，more stable 为比较级。 题型3：短语填空（5题） 从方框中选择短语，用正确形式填空： a chorus of；not to mention；take for granted；pray that；relay to 1. The children answered the teacher with __________ cheers when the holiday was announced. 答案： a chorus of 解析：句意： 当假期宣布时，孩子们齐声欢呼起来；a chorus of 表示"齐声；异口同声"。 2. He walked for hours to school every day, __________ the heavy bag he had to carry. 答案： not to mention 解析：句意： 他每天走几小时去上学，更不用说还要背沉重的书包；not to mention 表示"更不用说；且不说"。 3. We should never __________ the clean water and warm houses we enjoy every day. 答案： take for granted 解析：句意： 我们绝不应把我们每天享用的清洁用水和温暖房屋视为理所当然；take for granted 表示"认为…是理所当然"。 4. I __________ the villagers will have better housing and schools in the near future. 答案： pray that 解析：句意： 我祈祷村民们在不久的将来能有更好的住房和学校；pray that 表示"但愿；祈祷"。 5. Please __________ this message __________ the head teacher as soon as possible. 答案： relay to 解析：句意： 请尽快把这条消息转达给校长；relay to 表示"转达给…；转发给…"。 题型4：完成句子（10题） 1. 经过漫长疲惫的布满灰尘的步行，我终于到达了安静的村庄，那里的红色黏土路旁每一间小屋边都长满了野草。 After a long and tiring __________ walk, I finally reached the quiet village, where the red __________ paths were covered with wild __________ beside every hut. 答案： dusty / clay / weeds 解析：句意： 经过漫长疲惫的布满灰尘的步行，我终于到达了安静的村庄，那里的红色黏土路旁每一间小屋边都长满了野草；dusty 表示"布满灰尘的"；clay 表示"黏土"；weed 表示"杂草"。 2. 学生们穿上校服走几小时到中学，更不用说还要花时间帮父母在田里摘棉花。 The students put on their __________ and walked for hours to the __________ school, not to mention the time they spent helping to pick __________ in the fields. 答案： uniforms / secondary / cotton 解析：句意： 学生们穿上校服走几小时到中学，更不用说还要花时间帮父母在田里摘棉花；uniform 表示"校服"；secondary 表示"中学的"；cotton 表示"棉花"。 3. 旧教室完全没有洗手间，我们唯一的教学工具是一块橡皮、一根粉笔管和一个破旧的煮饭锅。 The old classroom had no __________ at all, and our only teaching tools were a piece of __________, a chalk __________ and a broken cooking pan. 答案： washroom / rubber / tube 解析：句意： 旧教室完全没有洗手间，我们唯一的教学工具是一块橡皮、一根粉笔管和一个破旧的煮饭锅；washroom 表示"洗手间"；rubber 表示"橡皮"；tube 表示"管子"。 4. 孩子们的笑声像快乐的马戏团一样沸腾，我们常在凉爽的树荫下休息，因为最近的药房要走一整天的路。 The children's laughter __________ like a happy circus, and we often rested in the cool __________, because the nearest __________ was a day's walk away. 答案： bubbled / shade / chemist 解析：句意： 孩子们的笑声像快乐的马戏团一样沸腾，我们常在凉爽的树荫下休息，因为最近的药房要走一整天的路；bubble 表示"沸腾；起泡"；shade 表示"阴凉处"；chemist 表示"药剂师；药房"。 5. 老妇人布满皱纹的下巴和疲惫的前额诉说着艰辛的岁月，我们轻轻用手帕擦去她慈祥脸上的灰尘。 The old woman's wrinkled __________ and tired __________ told of her hard years, and we gently wiped the __________ from her kind face with a cloth. 答案： jaw / forehead / dust 解析：句意： 老妇人布满皱纹的下巴和疲惫的前额诉说着艰辛的岁月，我们轻轻用手帕擦去她慈祥脸上的灰尘；jaw 表示"下巴"；forehead 表示"前额"；dust 表示"灰尘"。 6. 我们用水壶烧水、用坛子煮饭，还不得不用湿黏土封堵泥墙上的洞。 We boiled water in a __________, cooked rice in a __________, and had to __________ the holes in the mud wall with wet clay. 答案： kettle / jar / plug 解析：句意： 我们用水壶烧水、用坛子煮饭，还不得不用湿黏土封堵泥墙上的洞；kettle 表示"水壶"；jar 表示"坛子"；plug 表示"封堵"。 7. 我们吃剩下的食物，每位客人离开前都会收到温暖的握手，村里一个残疾的孩子需要我们的照顾。 We ate the __________ food, every guest received a warm __________ before leaving, and a __________ child in the village needed our care. 答案： leftover / handshake / disabled 解析：句意： 我们吃剩下的食物，每位客人离开前都会收到温暖的握手，村里一个残疾的孩子需要我们的照顾；leftover 表示"吃剩的"；handshake 表示"握手"；disabled 表示"有残疾的"。 8. 我不得不把沉重的种子袋拖过院子，因为在村里生活是一种我不配拥有的巨大特权。 I had to __________ the heavy bags of seeds, because living in the village was a great __________ that I did not __________. 答案： drag / privilege / deserve 解析：句意： 我不得不把沉重的种子袋拖过院子，因为在村里生活是一种我不配拥有的巨大特权；drag 表示"拖"；privilege 表示"特权"；deserve 表示"值得"。 9. 我决定辞去城市的工作回去帮忙，并且学会了珍惜学生们的每一点投入。 I decided to __________ from my city job and return, and I have learned to value every small __________ from my students. 答案： resign / input 解析：句意： 我决定辞去城市的工作回去帮忙，并且学会了珍惜学生们的每一点投入；resign 表示"辞职"；input 表示"投入；情况"。 10. 我祈祷他们能过上和平稳定的生活，我衡量成功的唯一标准是他们脸上温暖幸福的笑容。 I __________ that they will live a life of peace and __________, and my only __________ for success is the warm happy smiles on their faces. 答案： pray / stability / criterion 解析：句意： 我祈祷他们能过上和平稳定的生活，我衡量成功的唯一标准是他们脸上温暖幸福的笑容；pray 表示"祈祷"；stability 表示"稳定"；criterion 表示"标准"。 题型5：句型同义转换：用本单元单词或短语作答 1. The children all shouted 'Yes!' at the same time. → The children answered with __________ __________ __________ cheers. 答案： a chorus of 解析：句意： 孩子们齐声欢呼起来；a chorus of 表示"齐声；异口同声"，替换 at the same time。 2. He walked for hours to school, and the heavy bag made it even harder. → He walked for hours to school, __________ __________ __________ the heavy bag he carried. 答案： not to mention 解析：句意： 他走几小时去上学，更不用说还要背沉重的书包；not to mention 表示"更不用说"，替换 and ... made it harder。 3. We often forget that clean water is something we should be thankful for. → We often __________ __________ __________ the clean water we enjoy. 答案： take for granted 解析：句意： 我们常常把我们享用的清洁用水视为理所当然；take for granted 表示"认为…是理所当然"，替换 forget to be thankful for。 4. I hope very much that the village will get a new school. → I __________ __________ the village will get a new school. 答案： pray that 解析：句意： 我祈祷村庄能建起一所新学校；pray that 表示"但愿；祈祷"，替换 hope very much that。 5. Please pass this message on to the head teacher. → Please __________ this message __________ the head teacher. 答案： relay to 解析：句意： 请把这条消息转达给校长；relay to 表示"转达给…"，替换 pass on to。 题型6：单句语法填空（10题） 1. The children __________ (play) in the field when it started to rain. 答案： were playing 解析：句意： 开始下雨时，孩子们正在田野里玩耍；考查过去进行时。started 为过去时间点，play 用 were playing。 2. She enjoys __________ (help) the old people in the village. 答案： helping 解析：句意： 她喜欢帮助村里的老人；考查动名词。enjoy doing sth.，help 用 helping。 3. This room is much __________ (clean) than the one we stayed in last week. 答案： cleaner 解析：句意： 这个房间比我们上周住的那间干净得多；考查比较级。than 前用比较级 cleaner。 4. One of the biggest __________ (house) in the village belongs to the teacher. 答案： houses 解析：句意： 村里最大的房子之一属于那位老师；考查名词复数。one of + 复数名词，house 用 houses。 5. The teacher asked us __________ (bring) some books for the children. 答案： to bring 解析：句意： 老师让我们给孩子们带些书；考查不定式。ask sb. to do sth.。 6. The tired workers stopped __________ (rest) under the big tree. 答案： to rest 解析：句意： 疲惫的工人们停下来在大树下休息；考查不定式。stop to do sth. 表示"停下来去做某事"。 7. Since last year, the volunteers __________ (teach) more than fifty children. 答案： have taught 解析：句意： 自去年以来，志愿者已经教了五十多个孩子；考查现在完成时。since 提示用 have taught。 8. The letters __________ (send) to the village by mail every month. 答案： are sent 解析：句意： 这些信件每个月通过邮政寄往村庄；考查一般现在时被动语态。are sent 表示"被寄送"。 9. The more you give, the __________ (happy) you will feel. 答案： happier 解析：句意： 你给予得越多，就会感到越幸福；考查比较级。the more... the happier... 结构。 10. The little boy is old enough __________ (walk) to school by himself. 答案： to walk 解析：句意： 这个小男孩已经大到可以自己走着上学了；考查不定式。be old enough to do sth. 为固定搭配。 题型7：阅读理解（词汇复现） Last Friday, our school held a career day, and many people came to talk to us about their jobs. A lawyer told us that she had to read many books and pass difficult exams before she could start her own work. An accountant showed us how she checks the money records of a company and keeps everything in order. A detective shared exciting stories about finding the truth, and he said that his job needs patience and careful observation. Each speaker told us about a different scenario of work, and the teacher told us to discover our aptitude and get a head start in our favourite field. In the afternoon, we took a career test to discover our own interests. The test asked us to categorise our favourite activities, and the computer used a special code to give us a clear profile of our skills and wishes. The test also showed us a graphic of the results, and we learned to prepare a good resume . The teacher said that we should orient our study towards the jobs we love, and that we should never choose a career just for money, because greedy choices often lead to an unhappy life. She told us that every participant in the test should come to a conclusion about his or her own future. The most interesting part of the day was the visit to a real estate agency. A real estate agent showed us how to sell houses, and an entrepreneur talked about how he built his own business from nothing. We also visited a small workshop where the workers assemble new computers, and we watched them supervise the whole process. The receptionist showed us how to greet guests, and she praised my handwriting in the book. A worker also taught us to sew and knit bags, and she showed us her purse made of wool . She said that every worker should attend to the small details of the job, because success is built step by step. At the end of the day, I understood that launching my career is a long journey, not a sudden jump. I should set a clear priority for my study and improve my proficiency in the skills I love. My future employer may ask for a certificate of training, so I must keep learning, acquire more knowledge, and ask the company to finance my further study. I also learned that money can never be the only reason to choose a job, and that a career should bring joy to myself and help to others. 1. What did the detective say about his job? A. It requires reading many books and passing exams. B. It needs patience and careful observation. C. It is about checking money records. D. It is the most exciting job in the world. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。答案 B。原文第1段写道：“A detective shared exciting stories about finding the truth, and he said that his job needs patience and careful observation.” 这与 B 项一致。A 项是律师的工作描述，C 项是会计的工作，D 项原文未提及。 2. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the author’s attitude towards choosing a career? A. The author believes money is the most important factor. B. The author believes one should choose the easiest job. C. The author thinks a career should be decided by parents. D. The author thinks a career should be chosen based on personal interest and helping others. 答案：D 解析：推断题。答案 D。文章最后一段提到“I also learned that money can never be the only reason to choose a job, and that a career should bring joy to myself and help to others.” 由此可以推断出作者认为选择职业时，兴趣和帮助他人比金钱更重要。A 项与原文相反，B项和 C 项原文未提及。 3. What did the teacher advise the students to do based on the career test? A. Choose a career that makes the most money. B. Focus their study on the jobs they love. C. Only take the test once. D. Ignore the test results. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。答案 B。原文第2段写道：“The teacher said that we should orient our study towards the jobs we love, and that we should never choose a career just for money.” 这与 B 项一致。A 项与原文相反，C 项和 D 项原文未提及。 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The school career day helped students learn about different jobs and think about their future careers. B. The students learned how to make money by visiting a real estate agency. C. The career test was the most important part of the day. D. The author decided to become a lawyer after the career day. 答案：A 解析：主旨大意题。答案 A。文章主要描述了学校职业日的活动：听不同职业人士分享、参加职业测试、参观真实工作场所，最后作者总结出对职业的深刻认识。因此，整篇文章的主旨是职业日帮助学生了解不同职业并思考未来职业方向。B 项过于片面，C 项夸大了测试的重要性，D 项原文未提及作者的具体决定。 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 A. 词汇网络图（话题：Sharing） 类别 词汇 同义词 / 近义 相关词 / 话题 行为动词 描述词 短语 / 搭配 答案： 同义词 / 近义 dusty – dirty；rigid – strict；drag – pull；deserve – merit；lately – recently 相关词 / 话题 village, hut, clay, cotton, uniform, kettle, jar, fireplace, washroom, platform 行为动词 dust, weed, bubble, drag, plug, resign, tune, relay, pray, grill 描述词 dusty, secondary, rigid, ripe, disabled, leftover, hypothetical 短语 / 搭配 a chorus of, not to mention, take for granted, pray that, relay to B. 易混词辨析（4组，每组3小题） 第1组：dust / dusty / dusting (1) The old room was covered with a thick layer of __________ (灰尘) when we opened the door. (2) The __________ (布满灰尘的) road became clean after the heavy rain. (3) The housekeeper spent the whole morning __________ (擦灰) the old furniture. 【第1组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： dust 解析：句意： 我们打开门时，旧房间覆盖着厚厚的一层灰尘；dust 为名词"灰尘"，a layer of dust 为搭配。 (2) 答案： dusty 解析：句意： 大雨过后，布满灰尘的道路变得干净了；dusty 为形容词"布满灰尘的"，修饰 road。 (3) 答案： dusting 解析：句意： 管家花了整个上午擦拭旧家具上的灰尘；dusting 为动名词"擦灰"，spend time doing 为搭配。 第2组：resign / resignation / resigned (1) The manager decided to __________ (辞职) from the company after twenty years of hard work. (2) The workers accepted the news of his __________ (辞职) with great sadness. (3) With a __________ (听天由命的) smile, the old man agreed to leave his home village. 【第2组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： resign 解析：句意： 辛苦工作二十年后，经理决定从公司辞职；resign 为动词"辞职"，decide to do 后用原形。 (2) 答案： resignation 解析：句意： 工人们带着极大的悲伤接受了他辞职的消息；resignation 为名词"辞职"，the news of his resignation 为搭配。 (3) 答案： resigned 解析：句意： 老人带着听天由命的微笑，同意离开自己的家乡；resigned 为形容词"听天由命的"，修饰 smile。 第3组：deserve / deserved / deserving (1) The kind teacher believed that every child __________ (值得) a chance to learn. (2) The brave firefighter received a __________ (应得的) reward for saving the family. (3) The __________ (值得帮助的) students were given free books by the kind donor. 【第3组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： deserved 解析：句意： 善良的老师相信每个孩子都值得拥有学习的机会；deserve 为动词"值得"，过去式 deserved，作谓语。 (2) 答案： deserved 解析：句意： 这位勇敢的消防员因拯救了一家人而获得应得的奖励；deserved 为形容词"应得的"，修饰 reward。 (3) 答案： deserving 解析：句意： 值得帮助的学生们得到了好心捐赠者赠送的免费书籍；deserving 为形容词"值得的"，修饰 students。 第4组：stable / stability / stabilise (1) The old bridge is quite __________ (稳定的), and many cars pass over it every day. (2) The new road has brought great __________ (稳定) to the lives of the villagers. (3) The doctor worked hard to __________ (使稳定) the patient's condition after the accident. 【第4组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： stable 解析：句意： 这座旧桥相当稳固，每天都有许多汽车通过；stable 为形容词"稳定的"，作表语。 (2) 答案： stability 解析：句意： 新道路给村民的生活带来了巨大的稳定；stability 为名词"稳定"，great stability 为搭配。 (3) 答案： stabilise 解析：句意： 事故发生后，医生努力稳定病人的状况；stabilise 为动词"使稳定"，work to do 后用原形。 C. 跨单元微循环（15题，复习 选择性必修四 Unit 3 Reaching Out Across the Sea 词汇（教学进度的上一单元）） 1. The old sailor told us a wonderful __________ (故事) about his dangerous voyages across the wide blue open sea in the past. 答案： tale 解析：句意： 老水手给我们讲了一个关于他过去跨越大海危险航行的精彩故事；tale 表示"故事"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 2. The brave captain decided to __________ (起航) from the old port very early in the morning with his brave and loyal crew members. 答案： set sail 解析：句意： 勇敢的船长决定清晨与忠诚的船员们一起从老港口起航；set sail 表示"起航"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 3. The new airport will help to __________ (扩展) the busy trade between the small island and the far mainland in the near future. 答案： extend 解析：句意： 新机场将帮助扩展这座岛屿与大陆之间未来的繁忙贸易；extend 表示"扩展"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 4. The two countries spent several months trying to __________ (谈判) a fair agreement about the fair use of the wide open sea. 答案： negotiate 解析：句意： 两国花了几个月时间试图就公海的使用达成公平协议；negotiate 表示"谈判"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 5. The king sent a huge ______ (舰队) of ships to carry valuable heavy goods to the distant lands across the wide ocean. 答案： fleet 解析：句意： 国王派出了一支庞大的舰队，把贵重货物运往大洋彼岸的遥远国度；fleet 表示"舰队"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 6. The __________ (皇家的) family of the small kingdom has already lived in the old stone palace for more than three hundred long years. 答案： royal 解析：句意： 这个小王国的王室家族已经在旧宫殿里住了三百多年；royal 表示"皇家的"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 7. The army decided to __________ (撤回) its brave soldiers from the small island after the long and very difficult war finally ended. 答案： withdraw 解析：句意： 漫长艰难的战争结束后，军队决定从小岛上撤回勇敢的士兵；withdraw 表示"撤回"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 8. Every careful captain had to pass through the narrow and dangerous __________ (航道) before safely entering the foreign port late in the quiet night. 答案： channel 解析：句意： 每位船长在夜间安全进入外国港口前都必须穿过狭窄的航道；channel 表示"航道"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 9. Teaching the young children in the mountain village is a wonderful __________ (职业) that requires great patience, kindness, honesty and a very warm heart. 答案： profession 解析：句意： 教学是一项需要极大耐心、善良和温暖心灵的美好职业；profession 表示"职业"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 10. The excited audience in the hall stood up and began to __________ (鼓掌) the brave sailor for his wonderful and moving long speech. 答案： applaud 解析：句意： 激动的观众站起来，开始为那位勇敢水手精彩的演讲鼓掌；applaud 表示"鼓掌"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 11. Every early spring, the birds begin their long __________ (迁徙) from the warm south to the cool green north of the country. 答案： migration 解析：句意： 每年春天，鸟儿们开始从温暖的南方长途迁徙到凉爽的北方；migration 表示"迁徙"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 12. Some big companies __________ (开发) the natural resources of the beautiful small island without ever seriously thinking about the future at all. 答案： exploit 解析：句意： 一些大公司开发小岛上的自然资源，却完全不考虑未来；exploit 表示"开发"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 13. The kind and gentle queen showed great __________ (仁慈) to the poor hungry fishermen and gave them warm clothes, food and fresh water. 答案： mercy 解析：句意： 善良的王后对穷苦渔民们大发慈悲，给了他们暖和的衣服和足够的食物；mercy 表示"仁慈"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 14. The young scientists carefully studied the beautiful __________ (海洋的) plants and animals that live quietly in the deep and dark blue sea for many years. 答案： marine 解析：句意： 科学家们仔细研究生活在深蓝色大海里的海洋动植物；marine 表示"海洋的"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 15. The brave and patient police finally managed to __________ (逮捕) the thief who had stolen the poor merchant's valuable goods at the port. 答案： arrest 解析：句意： 勇敢的警察最终设法逮捕了偷窃商人贵重货物的窃贼；arrest 表示"逮捕"，为选择性必修四 U3 词汇。 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 5 Launching Your Career，共63词） 序号 单词 词性 中文释义 默写 1 bounce v.&n. (使)弹起；上下晃动；弹性 2 bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 3 aptitude n. 天资；天赋 4 head start 起步前的优势 5 scenario n. 设想；方案；预测 6 lawyer n. 律师 7 assemble vt.&v. 组装；装配；收集；聚集 8 drawer n. 抽屉 9 a chest of drawers 抽屉柜 10 breast n. 乳房；胸部 11 hydrogen n. 氢；氢气 12 radium n. 镭 13 wrist n. 手腕；腕关节 14 bridegroom n. 新郎 15 geometry n. 几何学；几何图形 16 debt n. 债务；欠款 17 categorise vt. 把…分类(加以归类) 18 profile n.&vt. 简介；概述；扼要介绍 19 participant n. 参与者；参加者 20 code n.&vt. 代码；密码；编码 21 orient vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 22 detective n. 侦探；警探 23 graphic n.&adj. 图表；图形；图画；绘画的 24 estate n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 25 real estate agent 房地产经纪人 26 accountant n. 会计；会计师 27 spy n.&v. 密探；间谍；从事间谍活动 28 justice n. 公平；公正；合理 29 accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 30 come to a conclusion 得出结论 31 greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 32 entrepreneur n. 创业者；企业家 33 receptionist n. 接待员 34 resume n. (求职用的)履历；简历 35 socialist adj.&n. 社会主义的；社会主义者 36 communist adj.&n. 共产主义的；共产主义者 37 dedicate vt. 把…奉献给 38 fox n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 39 council n. 委员会；市政服务机构 40 canal n. 运河；灌溉渠 41 attend to 关怀；照料；处理 42 supervise vt.&vi. 主管；指导；监督 43 handwriting n. 书法；书写；笔迹 44 disk n. 磁盘；盘 45 parking n. 停车位；停车 46 camel n. 骆驼 47 fry n.&v. 油煎的食物；油炸；油炒 48 purse n. 钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用) 49 sew vi.&vt. 缝制；缝；做针线活 50 knit v.&n. 编织；针织；编织的衣服 51 wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料 52 intermediate adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 53 priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 54 proficiency n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 55 cage n.&vt. 笼子；关在笼子里 56 collar n. (动物)颈圈；衣领 57 flea collar 灭蚤颈圈 58 finance n.&vt. 资金；财政；提供资金 59 receipt n. 收据；接收 60 certificate n. 合格证书；证明 61 employer n. 雇主；老板 62 desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 63 acquire vt. 获得；购得 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 请把你反复记不住的单词及错因填写在下表中，便于循环巩固： 序号 单词 词性 错因 / 备注 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $