Unit 4 Natural Disasters单元写作作业任务单 -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

必修一 Unit 4　Natural Disasters 单元写作作业 一、单元写作任务 假定你是李华，今年夏天你所在的城市遭遇了台风袭击。你校英文报正在征集“灾难与重生”主题稿件，请你根据亲身经历写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 灾害发生的时间、经过和造成的损失； 2. 救援人员和志愿者所做的工作； 3. 你的感受与启示。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 短文题目已给出，不计入总词数。 二、审题建模（动笔前先想清楚这五件事） 项目 写作要点 体裁 记叙 + 议论类短文（校报投稿）。以记叙为主，结尾用一两句议论升华主题。 人称 第一人称（I/we）叙述亲历，第三人称（they/he）描述救援者。 时态 叙述灾害经过用一般过去时；描述感受与启示用一般现在时或现在完成时。 结构 三段式。Para 1：灾害经过与损失（时间、地点、场面、数字）；Para 2：救援与互助；Para 3：感受与启示。 要点 新闻五要素（when / where / what / how / result）要齐；损失要有“数字或画面”；救援要有一个具体镜头，不能只说“很多人来帮忙”。 语气 沉痛而不失希望。避免空喊口号，用细节打动人，结尾落在“团结、希望、感恩”。 三、话题词块梳理 Ⅰ. 话题词汇（根据提示补全单词或词义） 话题词汇 1. disaster n. ____________ 2. ____________ n. 龙卷风 3. earthquake n. ____________ 4. ____________ n. 洪水；水灾 5. drought n. ____________ 6. ____________ n. 山体滑坡 7. tsunami n. ____________ 8. ____________ n. 火山 9. erupt vi. ____________ 10. ____________ vt.&n. 营救；救援 11. survivor n. ____________ 12. ____________ n. 避难处；居所 vt. 保护 13. destroy vt. ____________ 14. ____________ vt.&n. 损害；破坏 15. ruin n. ____________ vt. ____________ 16. ____________ vt. 埋葬；掩埋 17. trap vt. ____________ 18. ____________ vt. 使受伤 19. victim n. ____________ 20. ____________ vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭 21. effect n. ____________ 22. ____________ vi.&vt. 幸存；生存 23. effort n. ____________ 24. ____________ adj. 镇静的 vt. 使镇静 Ⅱ. 话题词块（根据汉语补全短语，或根据短语写出汉语） 话题词块 1. in ruins ____________ 2. ____________ 被……摧毁 3. lose one's life ____________ 4. ____________ 被困在…… 5. rescue sb. from ____________ 6. ____________ 挖出；掘出 7. put out the fire ____________ 8. ____________ 避难；躲避 9. stay calm ____________ 10. ____________ 严重受损 11. be affected by ____________ 12. ____________ 营救某人 13. give first aid ____________ 14. ____________ 捐款捐物 15. rebuild one's home ____________ 16. ____________ 有影响；起作用 17. lend a helping hand ____________ 18. ____________ 齐心协力 19. survive the disaster ____________ 20. ____________ 死亡人数 21. relief supplies ____________ 22. ____________ 救援队 23. natural disaster ____________ 24. ____________ 采取有效措施 25. raise people's awareness of ____________ 26. ____________ 为……做好准备 27. in the face of ____________ 28. ____________ 从灾难中恢复 29. a sense of safety ____________ 30. ____________ 重建我们的家园 Ⅲ. 词块升级（把左边的“基础表达”换成右边更高级的说法） 基础表达 升级表达 1. very big damage ____________________ 2. many people helped ____________________ 3. The earthquake was terrible. ____________________ 4. I was afraid. ____________________ 5. They are brave. ____________________ 6. After the disaster, people rebuilt the city. ____________________ 7. important ____________________ 8. help ____________________ 四、教材好句精选（根据汉语补全句子，注意课文句式与词块的用法） 1. 河北省东北部的农村正在发生奇怪的事情。 　　Strange things were happening in the countryside of ________ Hebei. 2. 连续几天，村里的井水升降不定。 　　For several days, water in the village wells ________ ________ ________, rose and fell. 3. 凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日来临。 　　At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed ________ ________ the world were coming to an end. 4. 不到一分钟，一座大城市就变成了一片废墟。 　　In less than one minute, a large city ________ ________ ________. 5. 居住在那里的人三分之二死亡或受伤。 　　________ ________ of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 6. 地震中死亡或重伤的人数超过40万。 　　The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was ________ ________ 400,000. 7. 幸存者目之所及，到处都是废墟。 　　________ survivors looked, there was ________ ________ ruins. 8. 但是希望并没有消失。 　　But hope was ________ ________. 9. 地震后不久，军队派出15万名士兵，挖出被困人员，掩埋死者。 　　Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to ________ ________ those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 10. 工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者搭建了避难所。 　　Workers built shelters for survivors ________ homes had been destroyed. 11. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。 　　Slowly, the city began to ________ ________. 12. 唐山开始复苏，重新站了起来。 　　Tangshan started to ________ itself and ________ ________ ________ its feet. 五、句式升级与仿写（按要求改写下列句子，体会“高级感”从何而来） 1. Everything began to shake at 3:42 a.m. It seemed that the world was at an end. 要求：用 as if 引导的虚拟语气改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 2. A large city lay in ruins. It happened in less than one minute. 要求：用介词短语合并为一句 → ____________________________________________________________ 3. Survivors looked everywhere. There was nothing but ruins. 要求：用 everywhere 引导的状语从句改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 4. The army sent 150,000 soldiers. They dug out those who were trapped. 要求：用不定式表目的 + 定语从句合并 → ____________________________________________________________ 5. Workers built shelters. Survivors' homes had been destroyed. 要求：用 whose 引导的定语从句合并 → ____________________________________________________________ 6. People helped each other. The city was rebuilt. 要求：用 with 复合结构改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 7. The earthquake was terrible. I had never experienced it. 要求：用 never 置于句首的倒装句改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 8. We should take measures. We can reduce the losses. 要求：用 only + 状语倒装改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 9. He was trapped in the ruins. He didn't give up hope. 要求：用 though 引导的让步状语从句（省略形式）改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 10. The disaster was terrible. It made people united. 要求：用 what 引导的主语从句改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 六、课外材料精编（读一读，背一背，用一用） It was not until the rescue team arrived that the trapped villagers were saved. 直到救援队赶到，被困的村民才获救。　（强调句） Never before had the small town suffered such a destructive flood. 这个小镇从未遭受过如此具有破坏性的洪水。　（否定词置于句首的倒装） What moved us most was the courage of ordinary people. 最让我们感动的是普通人的勇气。　（what 引导主语从句） The moment the earthquake struck, everyone rushed out of the building. 地震发生的那一刻，所有的人都冲出了大楼。　（the moment 引导时间状语从句） Faced with the disaster, people from all walks of life lent a helping hand. 面对灾难，各行各业的人们都伸出了援手。　（过去分词作状语） So sudden was the earthquake that no one had time to escape. 地震来得如此突然，没有人来得及逃生。　（so…that 倒装） It is reported that more than 200 volunteers have joined the rescue work. 据报道，已有200多名志愿者加入救援工作。　（It is reported that…） With the water rising rapidly, the villagers had no choice but to leave their homes. 水位迅速上涨，村民们不得不离开家园。　（with 复合结构 + have no choice but to） Only when we are well prepared can we reduce the damage caused by natural disasters. 只有做好充分准备，我们才能减少自然灾害造成的损失。　（only + 状语倒装） No matter how severe the disaster is, we will never give up hope. 无论灾难多么严重，我们都不会放弃希望。　（no matter how 引导让步状语从句） Hard as the rescue work was, the soldiers worked day and night. 救援工作虽然艰苦，战士们却日夜奋战。　（as 引导让步状语倒装） There is no denying that unity is our strongest weapon against disasters. 无可否认，团结是我们抗击灾难最有力的武器。　（there is no denying that） Small as our efforts may seem, they can make a big difference. 我们的努力看似微小，却能带来巨大的改变。　（as 引导让步状语倒装） What matters is not how terrible the disaster is, but how bravely we face it. 重要的不是灾难有多可怕，而是我们面对它时有多勇敢。　（what 主语从句 + not…but） 七、同话题高考真题·改编【改编自2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 应用文（活动报道）】 假定你是李华，上周五你校组织了防震疏散演练（earthquake evacuation drill）。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 参加人员； 2. 演练过程； 3. 活动反响。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 八、范文赏析 【参考范文】 Last July, a typhoon hit our city. It was the most powerful one in recent years. 　　The wind began to pick up on Friday afternoon. Soon trees were pulled down, windows were broken and several streets were flooded. Our community lost power for two days, and many families had to take shelter in the school gym. 　　However, help soon arrived. Firefighters and soldiers rescued those who were trapped in the flooded houses. Volunteers from all walks of life handed out food and clean water, and some students helped to clean the streets. Thanks to their efforts, the city slowly got back on its feet. 　　This experience taught me that no disaster is too strong for a united people. As long as we pull together, we can always find hope in the ruins. 【学生习作】 Last summer, there was a typhoon in my city. It was very terrible. 　　The typhoon came on Friday. The wind was very strong. Many trees fell down. The water was everywhere. We had no electricity. We could not watch TV. We were very afraid. 　　After the typhoon, many people came to help us. The soldiers helped us. The volunteers gave us food and water. They are very good people. 　　I think we should help each other. If we help each other, we can do anything. 【自我修改清单】（写完对照检查） □ 新闻五要素（时间、地点、事件、经过、结果）是否写全？ □ 损失是否有具体数字或画面，而不是只有 terrible？ □ 救援部分是否有一个具体的人或场景？ □ 时态是否分清：经过用过去时，感受与启示用现在时或现在完成时？ □ 有没有用至少一个从句、一个非谓语动词？ □ 结尾是否有一句“升华”，而不是空喊口号？ 九、参考答案 三、话题词块梳理 Ⅰ. 话题词汇 1. disaster n. 灾难；灾害 2. tornado n. 龙卷风 3. earthquake n. 地震 4. flood n. 洪水；水灾 5. drought n. 旱灾；干旱 6. landslide n. 山体滑坡 7. tsunami n. 海啸 8. volcano n. 火山 9. erupt vi. （火山）爆发 10. rescue vt.&n. 营救；救援 11. survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 12. shelter n. 避难处；居所 vt. 保护 13. destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭 14. damage vt.&n. 损害；破坏 15. ruin n. 废墟 vt. 毁坏 16. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋 17. trap vt. 使困住；使陷入 18. injure vt. 使受伤；损害 19. victim n. 受害者；牺牲品 20. affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭 21. effect n. 影响；效果；作用 22. survive vi.&vt. 幸存；生存 23. effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试 24. calm adj. 镇静的 vt. 使镇静 Ⅱ. 话题词块 1. in ruins 成为废墟 2. be destroyed by 被……摧毁 3. lose one's life 丧生 4. be trapped in 被困在…… 5. rescue sb. from 从……中营救某人 6. dig out 挖出；掘出 7. put out the fire 扑灭大火 8. take shelter 避难；躲避 9. stay calm 保持镇静 10. be badly damaged 严重受损 11. be affected by 受……影响 12. come to one's rescue 营救某人 13. give first aid 进行急救 14. donate money and goods 捐款捐物 15. rebuild one's home 重建家园 16. make a difference 有影响；起作用 17. lend a helping hand 伸出援手 18. pull together 齐心协力 19. survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存 20. the death toll 死亡人数 21. relief supplies 救灾物资 22. rescue team 救援队 23. natural disaster 自然灾害 24. take effective measures 采取有效措施 25. raise people's awareness of 提高人们……的意识 26. be prepared for 为……做好准备 27. in the face of 面对 28. recover from the disaster 从灾难中恢复 29. a sense of safety 安全感 30. rebuild our homeland 重建我们的家园 Ⅲ. 词块升级 1. cause serious damage / bring the city to a standstill 2. people from all walks of life lent a helping hand 3. Never had the city experienced such a terrible earthquake. 4. A wave of fear swept over me. 5. Their bravery moved everyone deeply. 6. Thanks to everyone's efforts, the city rose from the ruins. 7. of vital importance / make all the difference 8. come to one's rescue / offer timely help 四、教材好句精选 1. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. 2. For several days, water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. 3. At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. 4. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 5. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 6. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 7. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. 8. But hope was not lost. 9. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 10. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 11. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 12. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. 五、句式升级与仿写 1. At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. 2. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 3. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. 4. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped. 5. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6. With people helping each other, the city was rebuilt. 7. Never had I experienced such a terrible earthquake. 8. Only by taking effective measures can we reduce the losses. 9. Though trapped in the ruins, he never gave up hope. 10. What the disaster brought us was not only pain but also unity. 七、同话题高考真题 审体裁：新闻报道（校英文报），需标题 + 导语 + 主体 + 结语。 审人称：第三人称客观报道，结尾可用 we 表达集体感受。 审时态：导语与经过用一般过去时；反响与意义可用一般现在时。 审内容：导语交代时间、地点、人物、事件；主体按“警报—疏散—集合—讲解”顺序展开；结语写反响与意义。 审语气：客观、简洁、正面。多用被动语态（were organized / was given）和分词短语。 【参考范文】 An Earthquake Evacuation Drill 　　Last Friday afternoon, an earthquake evacuation drill was organized in our school, in which all the students and teachers took part. 　　At 3:00 p.m., the alarm suddenly rang. All the students, guided by their teachers, quickly hid under their desks and protected their heads with their hands. Two minutes later, they rushed out of the teaching buildings in order and gathered on the playground, where every class was checked. After that, some firefighters gave us a lecture on how to survive an earthquake and showed us some basic first aid skills. 　　The drill was a great success. Not only did it raise our awareness of safety, but it also taught us how to stay calm in the face of danger. Everyone agreed that such practice is of vital importance. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修一 Unit 4　Natural Disasters 单元写作作业（教师版） 一、单元写作任务 假定你是李华，今年夏天你所在的城市遭遇了台风袭击。你校英文报正在征集“灾难与重生”主题稿件，请你根据亲身经历写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 灾害发生的时间、经过和造成的损失； 2. 救援人员和志愿者所做的工作； 3. 你的感受与启示。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 短文题目已给出，不计入总词数。 二、审题建模（动笔前先想清楚这五件事） 项目 写作要点 体裁 记叙 + 议论类短文（校报投稿）。以记叙为主，结尾用一两句议论升华主题。 人称 第一人称（I/we）叙述亲历，第三人称（they/he）描述救援者。 时态 叙述灾害经过用一般过去时；描述感受与启示用一般现在时或现在完成时。 结构 三段式。Para 1：灾害经过与损失（时间、地点、场面、数字）；Para 2：救援与互助；Para 3：感受与启示。 要点 新闻五要素（when / where / what / how / result）要齐；损失要有“数字或画面”；救援要有一个具体镜头，不能只说“很多人来帮忙”。 语气 沉痛而不失希望。避免空喊口号，用细节打动人，结尾落在“团结、希望、感恩”。 三、话题词块梳理 Ⅰ. 话题词汇（中英对照，答案已填入） 话题词汇 1. disaster n. 灾难；灾害 2. tornado n. 龙卷风 3. earthquake n. 地震 4. flood n. 洪水；水灾 5. drought n. 旱灾；干旱 6. landslide n. 山体滑坡 7. tsunami n. 海啸 8. volcano n. 火山 9. erupt vi. （火山）爆发 10. rescue vt.&n. 营救；救援 11. survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 12. shelter n. 避难处；居所 vt. 保护 13. destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭 14. damage vt.&n. 损害；破坏 15. ruin n. 废墟 vt. 毁坏 16. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋 17. trap vt. 使困住；使陷入 18. injure vt. 使受伤；损害 19. victim n. 受害者；牺牲品 20. affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭 21. effect n. 影响；效果；作用 22. survive vi.&vt. 幸存；生存 23. effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试 24. calm adj. 镇静的 vt. 使镇静 Ⅱ. 话题词块（答案已填入） 话题词块 1. in ruins 成为废墟 2. be destroyed by 被……摧毁 3. lose one's life 丧生 4. be trapped in 被困在…… 5. rescue sb. from 从……中营救某人 6. dig out 挖出；掘出 7. put out the fire 扑灭大火 8. take shelter 避难；躲避 9. stay calm 保持镇静 10. be badly damaged 严重受损 11. be affected by 受……影响 12. come to one's rescue 营救某人 13. give first aid 进行急救 14. donate money and goods 捐款捐物 15. rebuild one's home 重建家园 16. make a difference 有影响；起作用 17. lend a helping hand 伸出援手 18. pull together 齐心协力 19. survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存 20. the death toll 死亡人数 21. relief supplies 救灾物资 22. rescue team 救援队 23. natural disaster 自然灾害 24. take effective measures 采取有效措施 25. raise people's awareness of 提高人们……的意识 26. be prepared for 为……做好准备 27. in the face of 面对 28. recover from the disaster 从灾难中恢复 29. a sense of safety 安全感 30. rebuild our homeland 重建我们的家园 Ⅲ. 词块升级（把左边的“基础表达”换成右边更高级的说法） 基础表达 升级表达 1. very big damage cause serious damage / bring the city to a standstill 2. many people helped people from all walks of life lent a helping hand 3. The earthquake was terrible. Never had the city experienced such a terrible earthquake. 4. I was afraid. A wave of fear swept over me. 5. They are brave. Their bravery moved everyone deeply. 6. After the disaster, people rebuilt the city. Thanks to everyone's efforts, the city rose from the ruins. 7. important of vital importance / make all the difference 8. help come to one's rescue / offer timely help 四、教材好句精选（根据汉语补全句子，注意课文句式与词块的用法） 1. 河北省东北部的农村正在发生奇怪的事情。 　　Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. 2. 连续几天，村里的井水升降不定。 　　For several days, water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. 3. 凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日来临。 　　At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. 4. 不到一分钟，一座大城市就变成了一片废墟。 　　In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 5. 居住在那里的人三分之二死亡或受伤。 　　Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 6. 地震中死亡或重伤的人数超过40万。 　　The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 7. 幸存者目之所及，到处都是废墟。 　　Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. 8. 但是希望并没有消失。 　　But hope was not lost. 9. 地震后不久，军队派出15万名士兵，挖出被困人员，掩埋死者。 　　Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 10. 工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者搭建了避难所。 　　Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 11. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。 　　Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 12. 唐山开始复苏，重新站了起来。 　　Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. 五、句式升级与仿写（按要求改写下列句子，体会“高级感”从何而来） 1. Everything began to shake at 3:42 a.m. It seemed that the world was at an end. 要求：用 as if 引导的虚拟语气改写 → At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. 2. A large city lay in ruins. It happened in less than one minute. 要求：用介词短语合并为一句 → In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 3. Survivors looked everywhere. There was nothing but ruins. 要求：用 everywhere 引导的状语从句改写 → Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. 4. The army sent 150,000 soldiers. They dug out those who were trapped. 要求：用不定式表目的 + 定语从句合并 → The army sent 150,000 soldiers to dig out those who were trapped. 5. Workers built shelters. Survivors' homes had been destroyed. 要求：用 whose 引导的定语从句合并 → Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6. People helped each other. The city was rebuilt. 要求：用 with 复合结构改写 → With people helping each other, the city was rebuilt. 7. The earthquake was terrible. I had never experienced it. 要求：用 never 置于句首的倒装句改写 → Never had I experienced such a terrible earthquake. 8. We should take measures. We can reduce the losses. 要求：用 only + 状语倒装改写 → Only by taking effective measures can we reduce the losses. 9. He was trapped in the ruins. He didn't give up hope. 要求：用 though 引导的让步状语从句（省略形式）改写 → Though trapped in the ruins, he never gave up hope. 10. The disaster was terrible. It made people united. 要求：用 what 引导的主语从句改写 → What the disaster brought us was not only pain but also unity. 六、课外材料精编（读一读，背一背，用一用） It was not until the rescue team arrived that the trapped villagers were saved. 直到救援队赶到，被困的村民才获救。　（强调句） Never before had the small town suffered such a destructive flood. 这个小镇从未遭受过如此具有破坏性的洪水。　（否定词置于句首的倒装） What moved us most was the courage of ordinary people. 最让我们感动的是普通人的勇气。　（what 引导主语从句） The moment the earthquake struck, everyone rushed out of the building. 地震发生的那一刻，所有的人都冲出了大楼。　（the moment 引导时间状语从句） Faced with the disaster, people from all walks of life lent a helping hand. 面对灾难，各行各业的人们都伸出了援手。　（过去分词作状语） So sudden was the earthquake that no one had time to escape. 地震来得如此突然，没有人来得及逃生。　（so…that 倒装） It is reported that more than 200 volunteers have joined the rescue work. 据报道，已有200多名志愿者加入救援工作。　（It is reported that…） With the water rising rapidly, the villagers had no choice but to leave their homes. 水位迅速上涨，村民们不得不离开家园。　（with 复合结构 + have no choice but to） Only when we are well prepared can we reduce the damage caused by natural disasters. 只有做好充分准备，我们才能减少自然灾害造成的损失。　（only + 状语倒装） No matter how severe the disaster is, we will never give up hope. 无论灾难多么严重，我们都不会放弃希望。　（no matter how 引导让步状语从句） Hard as the rescue work was, the soldiers worked day and night. 救援工作虽然艰苦，战士们却日夜奋战。　（as 引导让步状语倒装） There is no denying that unity is our strongest weapon against disasters. 无可否认，团结是我们抗击灾难最有力的武器。　（there is no denying that） Small as our efforts may seem, they can make a big difference. 我们的努力看似微小，却能带来巨大的改变。　（as 引导让步状语倒装） What matters is not how terrible the disaster is, but how bravely we face it. 重要的不是灾难有多可怕，而是我们面对它时有多勇敢。　（what 主语从句 + not…but） 七、同话题高考真题·改编【改编自2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷 应用文（活动报道）】 假定你是李华，上周五你校组织了防震疏散演练（earthquake evacuation drill）。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 参加人员； 2. 演练过程； 3. 活动反响。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【审题建模】 审体裁：新闻报道（校英文报），需标题 + 导语 + 主体 + 结语。 审人称：第三人称客观报道，结尾可用 we 表达集体感受。 审时态：导语与经过用一般过去时；反响与意义可用一般现在时。 审内容：导语交代时间、地点、人物、事件；主体按“警报—疏散—集合—讲解”顺序展开；结语写反响与意义。 审语气：客观、简洁、正面。多用被动语态（were organized / was given）和分词短语。 【参考范文】 An Earthquake Evacuation Drill 　　Last Friday afternoon, an earthquake evacuation drill was organized in our school, in which all the students and teachers took part. 　　At 3:00 p.m., the alarm suddenly rang. All the students, guided by their teachers, quickly hid under their desks and protected their heads with their hands. Two minutes later, they rushed out of the teaching buildings in order and gathered on the playground, where every class was checked. After that, some firefighters gave us a lecture on how to survive an earthquake and showed us some basic first aid skills. 　　The drill was a great success. Not only did it raise our awareness of safety, but it also taught us how to stay calm in the face of danger. Everyone agreed that such practice is of vital importance. 【亮点句式】 ① …, in which all the students and teachers took part.（介词 + which 定语从句） ② All the students, guided by their teachers, quickly hid…（过去分词作插入语，句子有节奏） ③ …, where every class was checked.（非限制性定语从句补充地点信息） ④ Not only did it raise our awareness…, but it also taught us…（倒装表递进） 八、范文赏析 【参考范文】 Last July, a typhoon hit our city. It was the most powerful one in recent years. 　　The wind began to pick up on Friday afternoon. Soon trees were pulled down, windows were broken and several streets were flooded. Our community lost power for two days, and many families had to take shelter in the school gym. 　　However, help soon arrived. Firefighters and soldiers rescued those who were trapped in the flooded houses. Volunteers from all walks of life handed out food and clean water, and some students helped to clean the streets. Thanks to their efforts, the city slowly got back on its feet. 　　This experience taught me that no disaster is too strong for a united people. As long as we pull together, we can always find hope in the ruins. 【学生习作】 Last summer, there was a typhoon in my city. It was very terrible. 　　The typhoon came on Friday. The wind was very strong. Many trees fell down. The water was everywhere. We had no electricity. We could not watch TV. We were very afraid. 　　After the typhoon, many people came to help us. The soldiers helped us. The volunteers gave us food and water. They are very good people. 　　I think we should help each other. If we help each other, we can do anything. 【习作点评】 优点：时间、地点、事件交代清楚，三个要点都写到了，结尾有感受与升华，符合记叙加议论的要求。 问题一：句式全部为“主系表/主谓”简单句，缺少变化。“The wind was very strong”可改为“The wind was so strong that trees were pulled down one after another”。 问题二：细节抽象。“We were very afraid”没有画面感，可写“A wave of fear swept over us as the water kept rising”。 问题三：救援部分过于笼统，只有“soldiers helped us / volunteers gave us food”，缺少一个具体镜头。可补一句“A young soldier carried an old man out of the flooded house on his back”，画面立现。 问题四：结尾议论空泛（we can do anything），应落到具体启示上，如“unity”或“preparedness”，并用一句高级句式收束。 【评分标准】（满分15分，按高考应用文评分细则） 档次 分数 评分描述 第五档 13—15分 覆盖全部要点，应用了较多语法结构和词汇，句式有变化，衔接自然，语法和拼写错误极少，完全达到交际目的。 第四档 10—12分 覆盖全部要点，语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求，衔接基本连贯，有少量错误但不影响理解。 第三档 7—9分 基本覆盖要点，语法结构单调，词汇有限，有一些错误，部分内容表达不清。 第二档 4—6分 遗漏较多要点，语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，错误较多，影响理解。 第一档 1—3分 只能写出个别单词，内容太少，无法传达信息。 【写作指导：本单元写作的三个得分点】 得分点一：用“画面”代替“形容词”。不要写 The typhoon was terrible.，而要写 Trees were pulled down, windows were broken and several streets were flooded.——三个并列的被动句，比十个 terrible 都有力量。 得分点二：救援要写“一个人”。所有考生都会写 Many people helped us.，你若写 A young soldier carried an old man out on his back.，阅卷老师立刻记住你的文章。 得分点三：结尾要有“转折性的希望”。前两段写破坏与苦难，第三段必须转向“团结、重生、感恩”，并用 As long as we pull together… / Thanks to their efforts… 这类句式收尾，主题才立得住。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $