Unit 4 Natural Disasters 作业4 -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 本练习通过基础-提升-综合三级分层设计，以词汇运用为起点，经句型转换过渡到语篇理解，构建"语言能力培养+思维品质提升"的知识巩固路径，适配新授课课后分层巩固需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心短语（如sweep away）、简单句翻译|选词填空聚焦短语辨析，完成句子英译汉夯实基础表达| |提升层|句型转换（如survive/aid用法）、基础阅读|汉译英题强化句式运用，阅读理解A篇训练细节查找能力| |综合层|语篇逻辑、复杂文本分析|七选五考查上下文衔接，阅读理解B篇提升推理判断与词义猜测能力|

English Assignment M1 Unit4 作业4 Name ___________ Class __________ Number ___________ Mark   ( in all directions， on hand, in the open air, have an effect on , sweep away , carry out, stay calm, stand at , stay away from )一、选词填空（每题1分总分9分） 1. Many families have been left homeless(adj.无家可归的) after their houses were by flood.   2. Scientific research(科学研究) has been on how to improve the traffic jam.   3. You’d better people who are rude(adj.粗鲁的).   4. The volunteers are always to help when you go on a trip.   5. It is said that the number of the deaths caused by the wildfire 36.   6. The weather and rainfall (n.降雨量) the growth of this kind of flower.   7. You must when you find yourself in danger(n.危险).   8. It was so hot in the room that they decided to have their supper 9. Hearing the sound of the bell, the excited children ran _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to play their favorite games on the playground. 二、完成句子（每题2.5分总分10分）英译汉基础题，汉译英能力提升题 1. 尽管受伤很严重, 但是他在事故中活了下来。(survive)  _____________________________________________________________ 2. 我的英语老师总是帮助我提升我的口语。(aid) _____________________________________________________________ 3. It suddenly struck me that I had left my luggage at the airport when I arrived home. _____________________________________________________________ 4. The new traffic law will come into effect next month, which will have a great effect on our life. 三、七选五（每题2.5分总分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all know the danger of fires.It's good and necessary for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire.Here are some suggestions. Put a smoke alarm (烟雾警报器) in the house.Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off.The alarm makes a loud sound.1.______ Make escape plans.We should know all the ways out of the house.2.______ Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily. Buy fire extinguishers (灭火器) in the house.Everyone in the family should know how to use them.3.______ We do fire practice in order to teach children about fire safety.Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules： ★Don't open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door. ★Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire.4.______ ★What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don't run! The fire burns faster because of more air.Drop! Fall to the floor.Then roll！5.______ Put a blanket around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you. There are many possible causes for fires.A wise family is ready all the time.If there is a fire, don't forget to call 119 for help. A．Practise for a fire. B．Turning over and over will make the fire go out. C．The best air is near the floor because smoke rises. D．The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once. E．If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. F．When a smoke alarm rings at home, it means you should get up. G．Learning something about fire safety is necessary for all parents. 四、阅读理解（每题2.5分总分20分） A（基础题） (2026·衢州高一期中)Steve Wells is a British man who loves looking at trees.He spends most of his weekends doing so, plus evenings sometimes, alongside his day job.“I like giving my time to something worthwhile，” he says.“If I can help to protect our beautiful trees and woodlands, then I have spent my time well.” In spring 2024, Steve joined Observatree, which is a non-profit project between several organisations and charities.It is run with 200 volunteers who have been trained to recognise new diseases and pest threats to UK trees. He visits trees, whether individually in woodlands or in parks, to look for symptoms affecting their health.Also, he keeps reports on his findings and hands them in to the Woodland Trust where the information is added to a database for the use of professional researchers.“One of the good things about this project is that it is really flexible，” he explains.“The minimum contribution required is 12 surveys a year but it is easily achievable.Last year, I actually handed in 40 reports.” Sometimes his work involves more than just looking at trees, with reports followed up with the collection of samples, which are sent to Forest Research for testing.“There are 22 main pests and diseases that need special attention, including ash dieback, sweet chestnut blight and the oak processionary moth，” explains Steve. The Woodland Trust recently asked him to become a lead volunteer to help and support other volunteers, and he is excited about what his second year of surveying will bring.“If the trees could talk, I imagine the stories they could tell me about what has happened around them over the years.I really like surveying at places of historic interest for that reason, where some of the trees have been around for hundreds of years，” says Steve. 1．What makes Steve Wells think his time is “well-spent”？ A．He learns about tree-planting skills. B．He helps protect trees and woodlands. C．He earns extra money from volunteering. D．He gets a chance to travel to different parks. 2．What extra work does Steve Wells sometimes do besides looking at trees? A．Selling tree samples to Forest Research. B．Managing the Woodland Trust's database. C．Providing follow-up reports and tree samples. D．Teaching local people how to prevent tree diseases. 3．What makes Steve like surveying trees at historic sites? A．Better working conditions. B．Need for site protection. C．More rewards for surveying. D．Curiosity about old trees' stories. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Steve Wells? A．Determined and brave. B．Talented and patient. C．Warm-hearted and devoted. D．Hard-working and traditional. B（提升题） (2026·开封高一期中)Recent winter storms have brought heavy rain and snow to California.This increase in snowpack has delayed the start of the wildfire season.Experts believe the fire season may be milder than usual, but conditions could change by July. For now, fire activity in Southern California is expected to be below normal in May and June, while Northern California is likely to have an average fire season.Statewide, the wet season has been longer than usual, and more rain and snow may continue into April or early May.Lower elevations (海拔) are green and wet, while higher elevations are covered in snow. The deeper the snowpack, the longer it takes to melt.This slows down the drying of vegetation and delays warm weather.In years with above-average snowpack, Northern California has seen fewer acres burned.However, climate change is affecting fire patterns.Fires are now reaching higher elevations where snow once prevented them.Some areas have fewer trees to protect snow from the sun, causing faster melting and shifting the risk from floods to droughts. Rising temperatures are also pushing the snow line higher, making forests more likely to burn in summer.Some desert regions, which received extra rain, have grown more grass.Once these dry out by late spring, they could fuel wildfires, like the York Fire—the state's largest fire in 2023. Additionally, winds play a key role in spreading wildfires.Forecasters expect fewer strong offshore winds, partly due to El Nino.However, sudden weather changes could still lead to major fires.Dry lightning, unexpected heat or rapid shifts in rainfall can turn a mild fire season into a severe one. Within this long-term change, research suggests that burned areas in California could grow by 50% from 2031 to 2050 due to climate change.While some years may see fewer fires, overall, rising temperatures and drier conditions are making wildfires more common. 5．What does the underlined word“delayed” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Referred to.　　　　　 B．Sped up. C．Put off. D．Longed for. 6．What can we know from paragraph 2? A．Forest fires always hit California in early May. B．The wet season is likely to last for a short time. C．It has been years since California saw heavy rain. D．California expects a late start to the wildfire season. 7．Why does the author mention the York Fire in 2023? A．To remind us to stop human error. B．To show the danger of the dry grass. C．To explain why it hardly rains in the desert. D．To sound the alarm about global warming. 8．What does research suggest about California wildfires? A．Their likelihood will largely increase. B．They will probably drop by 50% in 2031. C．It takes time to put them under control. D．They are mainly caused by human activities. M1 Unit4 作业4 课时作业答案 一．1.sweep away 消灭；清除；一扫而空2. carried out实施 3.stay away from远离4.on hand现有的；在手边, 5.stand at 达到；站在, 6. have an effect on对...有影响 7. stay calm保持冷静,8.in the open air露天,, 9．in all directions 二．完成句子 1．Though badly injured, he survived the accident. 2．My English teacher always aided/aids me in improving my spoken English. 3. 我回到家的时候突然想起我把行李忘在机场了。 4.新的交通规则将于下个月实施, 这将对我们的生活有巨大的影响。 三、七选五 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对火灾提出了几点建议。 1．D　解析：根据上文“Put a smoke alarm in the house...makes a loud sound.”可知，如果房间内有烟雾的话，警报器就会发出声音。空处应承接上文，说明这种声音的作用。D项符合语境。 2．E　解析：根据上文“Make escape plans.We should know all the ways out of the house.”可知，应制定逃生计划，空处应说明其作用。E项符合语境，其中the plan对应上文中的escape plans。 3．A　解析：根据下文“We do fire practice in order to teach children about fire safety.”可知，空处内容应和消防演练有关。A项符合语境。 4．C　解析：根据上文“Stay close to the floor！Smoke can be more dangerous than fire.”可知，火灾发生时，要靠近地面，烟比火要更危险。空处应说明这样做的原因。C项符合语境。 5．B　解析：根据上文“Drop! Fall to the floor.Then roll！”可知，空处应继续说明如何通过滚动来灭火。B项符合语境。 四、A篇答案: 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国人史蒂夫·威尔斯参与护树志愿项目，投身树木病虫害监测的事迹。 B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If I can help...spent my time well.”可知，史蒂夫认为自己的时间花得值的原因是他帮助保护树木和林地。 C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sometimes his work involves...to Forest Research for testing.”可知，史蒂夫除观察树木外，额外的工作是提交后续报告以及收集树木样本。 D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If the trees could talk...for that reason”可知，史蒂夫喜欢在历史遗迹勘查树木，是出于对古树背后故事的好奇。 C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He spends most of...alongside his day job.”和最后一段中的“The Woodland Trust recently asked...surveying will bring.”可知，史蒂夫自愿花费大量业余时间参与护树工作，并欣然接受领头志愿者的职责帮助其他志愿者。由此可推知，他是热心且有献身精神的。 B篇答案 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加州冬季暴雨暴雪延缓野火季，同时分析了气候变暖、植被等因素对野火风险的影响。 C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Recent winter storms have brought...wildfire season.”及常识可知，积雪会让野火季推迟。因此，画线词意为“推迟”。 D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，加州预计野火季开始较晚。 B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Some desert regions...the state's largest fire in 2023.”可知，作者提到2023年的约克大火是为了说明干草会引发大火，即体现干草的危险性。 A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，研究表明加州野火发生的可能性将大幅增加。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $