Unit 3 Theme Reading 讲义 2026-2027学年英语仁爱科普版九年级上册

Unit 3 Great Ideas　Theme Reading 课时基本信息 课　　题 Unit 3 Great Ideas — Theme Reading 课　　型 阅读课（45分钟） 年　　级 九年级上册 版　　本 仁爱科普版（2024）英语九年级上册 教学重难点 【教学重点】 梳理四大发明的时代、用途及历史影响，掌握课文重点词汇（position/net/magnetic/print）,运用略读、寻读读懂语篇，抓取段落主旨，依托文本线索提炼作者观点 【教学难点】 运用本课语言口头、书面简单介绍古代发明及其影响,感悟古代发明的时代意义，迁移思考创新的现实价值 词汇速览 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 地位；位置；名次；观点；立场（hold a...position 处于……地位/one's position on sth 对某事的立场） net /net/ n. 网；网状实物；网络（=network） adj. 净的；纯的（fishing nets 渔网/net weight 净重） magnetic /mæɡˈnetɪk/ adj. 有磁性的；磁的；有吸引力的（magnetic needle 磁针/magnetic field 磁场/magnetic force 磁力） print /prɪnt/ v. 印刷；打印；刊载（print sth on sth 把……印在……上/print out 打印出来） n. 印刷品；印记；印刷字体 （一）热身 · Free talk Free talk 两问：What great inventions do you know from ancient China?（你知道中国古代哪些伟大发明？）Which invention do you think changed the world a lot?（你认为哪项发明极大改变了世界？） 【提示框】 用 I know... / I think... changed the world because... 回答，为四大发明预热。 （二）读前 · 四大发明匹配与用途 【过渡语】先认四位主角，再听它们各自的故事。 Pair work. Match the pictures with the four great inventions of ancient China, and then talk about what people used them to do in ancient times.（图文匹配并谈古代用途） 四大发明：paper-making 造纸术／printing 印刷术／compass 指南针／gunpowder 火药。 古代用途逐一说：paper-making——People used it to make cheap paper. Then more people could read books.；printing——People used printing to print books quickly. Knowledge spread faster.；compass——They used it to find directions, especially for sea trips.；gunpowder——At first, people used it to make fireworks. Later it was used in wars. 图片 1-4 依次：paper-making、printing、compass、gunpowder；用途见上方四句 匹配四题：图片 1-4 与四大发明配对＋用途表述 四大发明匹配 （三）读前设问 · 发明怎样诞生与改进 Pre-reading 设问：How were the four great inventions invented and improved?（四大发明是怎样被发明和改进的？） 带着问题进入语篇，用略读（skimming）抓大意、寻读（scanning）找细节。 （四）精读一 · 语篇前三段（引言/造纸/指南针） 【过渡语】一段引言，两项发明——先看中国科技曾经的地位。 Read the text. Reread anything you don't understand and take notes.（重读不懂处并做笔记） Para.1 引言：For a very long time, Chinese science and technology held a leading position in the world. A good example was the four great inventions of ancient China: paper-making, the compass, gunpowder and printing.（中国科技长期居于世界领先地位） Para.2 造纸：Before paper was invented, people wrote on heavy bamboo and expensive silk. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, paper-making technology was improved by Cai Lun. He made paper from cheaper materials, such as fishing nets and ropes. As a result, it became easier to make books.（纸发明前写在沉重的竹简与昂贵的丝绸上；东汉蔡伦改进造纸术，用渔网、绳子等便宜材料） Para.3 指南针：Before the compass was used for sailing, sailors around the world had to depend on stars to find the right direction. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the compass was invented. It was made by putting a magnetic needle on "luopan", a wooden disk.（此前水手靠星星辨向；北宋发明指南针，磁针装在罗盘木盘上） 【知识点】 历史专有名词——the Eastern Han Dynasty 东汉/the Northern Song Dynasty 北宋/Bi Sheng 毕昇/Cai Lun 蔡伦；被动语态密集（was improved by/was invented/was made by putting...）是本文语言特色。 （五）精读二 · 语篇后三段（火药/印刷/结论） Para.4 火药：In ancient China, gunpowder was invented by accident. At first, it was used in fireworks. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. The technology of making gunpowder was brought to the Arab world and Europe in the 13th century.（偶然发明；初用于烟花，唐末用于战争，13 世纪传入阿拉伯世界与欧洲） Para.5 印刷：Chinese people used block printing to produce books at first. This technology used many wooden boards. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng developed movable type printing. He made characters on special soil pieces so that they could be reused later to print other books. The invention helped spread knowledge around the world.（先雕版印刷用木板多；北宋毕昇发明活字印刷，泥字可重复用） Para.6 结论：The four great inventions were gifts from China to the world. Together they speeded up the development of human society.（四大发明是中国献给世界的礼物） 【知识点】 发明链对照——造纸：蔡伦（东汉）改进、材料更便宜；指南针：北宋、磁针+罗盘；火药：偶然发明、唐末入战争；活字印刷：毕昇（北宋）、泥字可重复使用。by accident＝偶然地。 （六）操练一 · 段落主旨图表 【过渡语】六段读完，用一张图表把骨架搭出来。 Read the text again and complete the chart with the main idea of each paragraph.（补全各段主旨图表：Introduction—Body—Conclusion） Para.1: The four great inventions of ancient China were _______________. Para.2: Paper-making made it easier to _____________. Para.3: The compass made it easier to ______________. Para.4: Gunpowder was first used in fireworks and later _______________. Para.5: Movable type printing helped ______________ around the world. Para.6: The four great inventions of ancient China _______________. Para.1 paper-making, the compass, gunpowder and printing　Para.2 make books　Para.3 find the right direction　Para.4 began to be used in wars　Para.5 spread knowledge　Para.6 speeded up the development of human society 主旨图表六空：Para.1-Para.6 段落主旨图表 （七）操练二 · 细节理解四问 ① What did people write on before paper was invented?（纸发明前人们写在什么上？）——They wrote on heavy bamboo and expensive silk. ② Who improved paper-making technology in the Eastern Han Dynasty? And what materials did he use?（谁改进造纸术？用什么材料？）——Cai Lun. He used cheaper materials like fishing nets and ropes. ③ What did sailors depend on to find directions before the compass was used for sailing?（指南针用于航海前水手靠什么辨向？）——They depended on stars. ④ What was Bi Sheng's great invention? What advantage did it have?（毕昇的伟大发明是什么？有何优势？）——Movable type printing. The soil characters could be reused to print other books. 1. They wrote on heavy bamboo and expensive silk.　2. Cai Lun. He used cheaper materials like fishing nets and ropes.　3. They depended on stars.　4. Movable type printing. The soil characters could be reused to print other books. 细节四问：①纸前书写材料②造纸改进者与材料③水手辨向④毕昇发明与优势 （八）操练三 · 线索与作者观点图表 【过渡语】细节都抓到了，最后一步——从线索推向作者的观点。 Read the text again and complete the following chart（线索 Clues→观点 Author's Viewpoint）。 Clues 四条：①Paper-making technology made it easier to make books.②Before the invention of the compass, sailors around the world had to ____________________ to find the right direction.③The technology of making gunpowder was brought to _____________________________ in the 13th century.④Movable type printing helped spread knowledge faster around __________________. Author's Viewpoint：____________________（一句话概括） Clues：①make books（已给） ②depend on stars ③the Arab world and Europe ④the world； Viewpoint：The four great inventions were gifts from China to the world and they speeded up the development of human society. 图表四空＋观点一句 线索与观点图表 （九）操练四 · 词形填空五题 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the given words.（用所给词正确形式填空） ① Movable type printing is a ____________ (tradition) Chinese printing technology.（传统形容词） ② With the efforts of Tu Youyou and other ____________ (science), China successfully discovered Qinghaosu, a very helpful drug.（屠呦呦与其他科学家） ③ With the ____________ (develop) of science, an amazing number of new things are being discovered and invented.（with the development of 随着发展） ④ In ancient China, many different ____________ (material) were used to make paper.（多种材料复数） ⑤ China is still the world's factory, and China's ____________ (produce) are popular all over the world.（产品 products） 【知识点】 词形转换链——tradition→traditional（形容词）、science→scientists（复数人）、develop→development（名词）、material→materials（复数）、produce→products（名词产品，produce 本身是动词）。 【提示框】 先判词性再看单复数：修饰名词用形容词（traditional/printing），介词 of 后用名词（development），many/different 后接复数名词。 1. traditional　2. scientists　3. development　4. materials　5. products 五空：tradition/science/develop/material/produce 的正确形式 词形填空五题 （十）词汇精讲一 · position 与 net position ▶n. 地位；位置；名次；等级；观点；立场：hold a...position 处于……地位——This brand holds a strong position in the market.（品牌占据强势地位）；in a...position 在……位置/地位——This country is in a strong position in space research.；one's position on sth 对某事的立场/看法——What is your position on this school activity? net ▶n. ①网；网状实物（渔网、球网、防护网）——Fishermen use fishing nets to catch fish.；②网络（=network，多用于合成词）——Many students surf the net to look for information.；▶adj. 净的；纯的（扣除损耗之后）——The net weight of the bag of rice is 5 kilograms.（净重 5 千克） 【知识点】 position 三搭配分工——hold a...position（占地位）、in a...position（处位置）、one's position on sth（对事的立场）；net 三义分层——实物网/网络/净重，靠语境定。 （十一）词汇精讲二 · magnetic 与 print 【过渡语】一个带磁，一个带印，都是语篇里的高频词。 magnetic ▶adj. 有磁性的；磁的；有吸引力的。常见搭配：magnetic needle 磁针／magnetic field 磁场／magnetic force 磁力／magnetic attraction 磁引力——Our earth has a strong magnetic field around it.（地球周围存在强大磁场）／Magnetic force can pull some metal things together.（磁力可把金属物吸到一起） print ▶v. 印刷；打印；刊载：print sth on sth 把……印在……上——They print beautiful pictures on the paper.；print out 打印出来；输出——Could you print out this article for me? ▶n. 印刷品；印记；印刷字体——The book is in large print.（这本书用大号字体印刷） 【提示框】 print 词性判断——动词短语 print out 可分开用（print it out）；作名词时 in large print 意为「大字号」。 （十二）随堂检测 · 单项选择 独立完成单项选择，再同桌核对并说出判断依据。 1. B（Lots of ancient+可数复数名词→inventions）　2. B（修饰名词 needle 用形容词→magnetic needle 磁针）　3. B（修饰 technology 用动名词→printing technology 印刷技术） 1. Lots of ancient ______ show the wisdom of Chinese people. A. invent　B. inventions　C. inventor　D. inventing 2. A ______ needle inside the compass points toward the north. A. magnet　B. magnetic　C. magic　D. medical 3. Books became cheaper after people improved ______ technology. A. print　B. printing　C. printed　D. printer 单项选择三题 （十三）随堂检测 · 根据括号内容填空 按中文提示补全句子，综合运用本课词汇。 1. compass（指南针）　2. Gunpowder（火药，句首大写）　3. position（领先地位）　4. nets（复数，fishing nets 渔网） 1. In the past, sailors used the ____________ (指南针) for long sea journeys. 2. _____________ (火药) brought big changes to ancient wars. 3. This country held a leading ____________ (地位) in ship-building hundreds of years ago. 4. Fishermen use fishing ____________ (网) to get fish from water. （十四）作业布置 Need to do：Finish the exercises about this lesson. Write a short passage (80 words) to introduce one ancient Chinese invention.（写 80 词短文介绍一件中国古代发明） Choose to do：Make a simple English poster for one of the Four Great Inventions.（为四大发明之一做一份简单英文海报） 语言点归纳 课堂总结 本课为阅读课，主题是中国古代四大发明（the four great inventions of ancient China）。Free talk 两问：What great inventions do you know from ancient China? Which invention do you think changed the world a lot?。Pair work 图文匹配四大发明（造纸术 paper-making/印刷术 printing/指南针 compass/火药 gunpowder）并谈古代用途——paper-making：People used it to make cheap paper. Then more people could read books.（造纸术让更多人读得起书）；printing：People used printing to print books quickly. Knowledge spread faster.（印刷术让知识传播更快）；compass：They used it to find directions, especially for sea trips.（指南针辨方向，尤用于航海）；gunpowder：At first, people used it to make fireworks. Later it was used in wars.（火药先做烟花后用于战争）。核心语篇六段：Para.1 引言——For a very long time, Chinese science and technology held a leading position in the world. A good example was the four great inventions of ancient China: paper-making, the compass, gunpowder and printing.；Para.2 造纸——Before paper was invented, people wrote on heavy bamboo and expensive silk. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, paper-making technology was improved by Cai Lun. He made paper from cheaper materials, such as fishing nets and ropes. As a result, it became easier to make books.（东汉蔡伦改进造纸术，用渔网绳子等便宜材料造纸）；Para.3 指南针——Before the compass was used for sailing, sailors around the world had to depend on stars to find the right direction. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the compass was invented. It was made by putting a magnetic needle on "luopan", a wooden disk.（北宋发明指南针，磁针置于罗盘木盘上）；Para.4 火药——In ancient China, gunpowder was invented by accident. At first, it was used in fireworks. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. The technology of making gunpowder was brought to the Arab world and Europe in the 13th century.（火药偶然发明，唐末用于战争，13 世纪传入阿拉伯世界与欧洲）；Para.5 印刷——Chinese people used block printing to produce books at first. This technology used many wooden boards. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng developed movable type printing. He made characters on special soil pieces so that they could be reused later to print other books. The invention helped spread knowledge around the world.（先雕版印刷，北宋毕昇发明活字印刷，泥字可重复使用）；Para.6 结论——The four great inventions were gifts from China to the world. Together they speeded up the development of human society.（四大发明是中国献给世界的礼物，加速了人类社会发展）。段落主旨图表六空：paper-making, the compass, gunpowder and printing／make books／find the right direction／began to be used in wars／spread knowledge／speeded up the development of human society。细节四问：What did people write on before paper was invented?——They wrote on heavy bamboo and expensive silk.；Who improved paper-making technology in the Eastern Han Dynasty? And what materials did he use?——Cai Lun. He used cheaper materials like fishing nets and ropes.；What did sailors depend on to find directions before the compass was used for sailing?——They depended on stars.；What was Bi Sheng's great invention? What advantage did it have?——Movable type printing. The soil characters could be reused to print other books.。线索-观点图表：Clues——Paper-making technology made it easier to make books.／sailors had to depend on stars to find the right direction.／The technology of making gunpowder was brought to the Arab world and the Europe in the 13th century.（原题答案照录）／Movable type printing helped spread knowledge faster around the world.；Author's Viewpoint——The four great inventions were gifts from China to the world and they speeded up the development of human society.。词形填空五题：traditional（Movable type printing is a traditional Chinese printing technology.）、scientists（With the efforts of Tu Youyou and other scientists, China successfully discovered Qinghaosu, a very helpful drug.）、development（With the development of science, an amazing number of new things are being discovered and invented.）、materials（In ancient China, many different materials were used to make paper.）、products（China is still the world's factory, and China's products are popular all over the world.）。词汇四讲：position（hold a...position 处于……地位/This brand holds a strong position in the market.；in a...position 在……位置地位/This country is in a strong position in space research.；one's position on sth 对某事的立场/What is your position on this school activity?）、net（n. 网网状实物——Fishermen use fishing nets to catch fish.；网络＝network——Many students surf the net to look for information.；adj. 净的纯的——The net weight of the bag of rice is 5 kilograms.）、magnetic（adj. 有磁性的磁的——magnetic needle 磁针/magnetic field 磁场/magnetic force 磁力/magnetic attraction 磁引力；Our earth has a strong magnetic field around it.）、print（v. 印刷打印刊载——print sth on sth：They print beautiful pictures on the paper.；print out 打印出来：Could you print out this article for me?；n. 印刷品印记印刷字体——The book is in large print.）。随堂检测：单项选择三题 B/B/B——inventions 复数名词、magnetic needle 形容词、printing technology 动名词作定语；括号内容填空四空——compass/Gunpowder/position/nets（复数）。作业：写 80 词短文介绍一件中国古代发明；为四大发明之一做简单英文海报。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $