第05讲-长难句讲义 非谓语动词(一)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

2026-10-18
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Day 5 · 非谓语动词(一) —— 现在分词与过去分词作状语/定语 目录 一、 典例分析 1 二、 仿写练习 5 1. 语法填空与仿写练习 5 2. 答案解析与仿写参考 6 3. 写作迁移 7 阶段目标:通过“五步四层剥离法”体会现在分词与过去分词在句子中作状语/定语。 1、 典例分析 ⭐ 例1(2025全国II卷·语法填空) Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. ① 全句观: 连词数:0个 | 动词数:4个(Growing, used, denying, to discover) 结构类型:现在分词作时间状语(Growing up)+ 现在分词作结果状语(denying)+ 不定式作目的状语(to dry)+ 不定式作后置定语(to discover) ② 第一层(并列切分):无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines. 现在分词作时间状语:Growing up(在我成长过程中,逻辑主语为my family and our neighbors,主动关系) 现在分词作结果状语:denying me the chance(表示主句动作带来的结果,逻辑主语为前面整件事) 不定式作目的状语:to dry clothing → 修饰used 不定式作后置定语:to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine → 修饰chance ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): after sunning clothes for an entire day → 介词短语作时间状语 of sunshine → 介词短语作定语,修饰wonders ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:my family never used clotheslines. 分词状语1:Growing up. 分词状语2:denying me the chance. 不定式目的状语:to dry clothing. 不定式后置定语:to discover the wonders. 树状结构图: [Growing up] [现在分词作时间状语] [my family and our neighbors] [never used] [clotheslines] └── [to dry clothing] [不定式作目的状语] └── [, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine] [现在分词作结果状语] └── [to discover the wonders] [不定式作后置定语,修饰chance] ⚠️ 核心考点: 现在分词作状语时,逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致(Growing up的逻辑主语是my family,主动关系) denying作结果状语,表示主句动作带来的自然结果 ⭐ 例2(2025全国II卷·语法填空) If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 树状结构图:① 全句观: 连词数:1个(If)| 动词数:3个(experienced, left, missing) 结构类型:If条件状语从句 + 过去分词作后置定语(left) ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 条件状语从句(If引导):If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 过去分词作后置定语:left to sun for a day → 修饰a sheet or shirt,表示“被放在太阳下晒了一天的”,被动/完成关系 主句主干:you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): from a sheet or shirt → 介词短语作状语 left to sun for a day → 过去分词短语作后置定语 well → 语气词 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 条件状语从句:you’ve experienced the scent. 主句:you’re missing out. 过去分词定语:left to sun. [If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt] [条件状语从句] └── [left to sun for a day] [过去分词作后置定语,修饰shirt,被动关系] [well] [you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders] [主句] ⚠️ 核心考点: 过去分词作定语表被动/完成(shirt被留在太阳下晒) 区分过去分词作定语与谓语动词:left前无be动词,作定语 ⭐ 例3(2025北京卷·语法填空) When traveling, we engage with cultures and experiences. 树状结构图:① 全句观: 连词数:1个(When)| 动词数:2个(traveling, engage) 结构类型:状语从句省略结构(when + 现在分词) ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:we engage with cultures and experiences. 状语从句省略结构:When traveling(= When we travel) ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): 省略规则:状语从句的主语与主句主语一致(均为we),且从句谓语含有be动词,因此可以省略主语和be动词 with cultures and experiences → 介词短语作状语 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 完整形式:When we travel, we engage... 省略形式:When traveling, we engage... [完整形式] When we travel, we engage with cultures and experiences. [省略形式] When traveling, we engage with cultures and experiences. ↑ 省略了we(主语与主句一致) ⚠️ 核心考点: 状语从句省略的条件:主语一致 + 从句谓语含be动词 省略后,主动关系用现在分词(traveling) ⭐ 例4(2025全国I卷·语法填空) We hope to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. 树状结构图:① 全句观: 连词数:1个(and)| 动词数:3个(hope, to present, initiate) 结构类型:不定式作宾语(hope to do)+ 并列不定式省略to ② 第一层(并列切分): and连接两个并列的不定式短语: 不定式1:to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context 不定式2:initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism(省略to) ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:We hope. 不定式短语1(作hope的宾语):to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context 不定式短语2(作hope的并列宾语,省略to):initiate dialogues ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): in a visual context → 介词短语作方式状语 with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism → 介词短语作状语 ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:We hope. 不定式1:to present the game. 不定式2:to initiate dialogues. [We] [hope] └── [to present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context] [不定式作宾语] └── [and] [initiate dialogues with ...] [不定式作宾语,省略to] ⚠️ 核心考点: hope to do sth.,不定式作宾语 并列不定式中,第二个及之后的不定式可以省略to ⭐ 例5(2025全国I卷·语法填空) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 树状结构图:① 全句观: 连词数:1个(which)| 动词数:3个(is featuring, inspired, originated) 结构类型:过去分词作后置定语(inspired by Go) ② 第一层(并列切分): 无并列连词 ③ 第二层(主从定位): 主句主干:An exhibition is featuring artwork. 过去分词作后置定语:inspired by Go → 修饰artwork,表示“被围棋启发的”,被动关系 非限制性定语从句(which引导):which originated in China → 修饰Go ④ 第三层(修饰剥离): at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai → 介词短语作地点状语 or weiqi in Chinese → 同位语,解释Go ⑤ 第四层(最小单元): 主句:An exhibition is featuring artwork. 过去分词定语:inspired by Go. 定语从句:which originated in China. [An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai] [is featuring] [artwork] └── [inspired by Go] [过去分词作后置定语,表被动] └── [, which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago] [非限制性定语从句] ⚠️ 核心考点: 过去分词短语作后置定语,表被动/完成 与定语从句的转换:inspired by Go = which is inspired by Go 2、 仿写练习 1. 语法填空与仿写练习 ⭐ 练1 原句(2025全国II卷·语法填空): Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, _________ me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine. ① 请在横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 判断横线处作什么成分: ____________________________________ ③ 横线处的逻辑主语是什么? __________________________________ ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练2 原句(2025全国II卷·语法填空): If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt _________ to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. ① 请在横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 判断横线处作什么成分: ____________________________________ ③ sheet/shirt与横线处动词之间是什么关系? ____________________ ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练3 原句(2025北京卷·语法填空): _________ traveling, we engage with cultures and experiences. ① 请在横线上填入正确的连词: ② 补全状语从句的完整形式: __________________________________ ③ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 练4 原句(2025全国I卷·语法填空): We hope _________ present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art. ① 请在横线上填入正确的非谓语形式: ② 判断横线处作什么成分: ____________________________________ ③ 第二个动词initiate前是否需要加to? __(是/否)为什么? ④ 翻译全句: ________________________________________________ ⭐ 仿写任务5 任务说明: 请根据以下中文提示,写一段话(不少于50词) ,描述你成长过程中的一个习惯或经历,至少使用1个现在分词作状语和1个过去分词作后置定语。 提示: 描述你小时候常做的一件事,以及它对你的影响。 句式参考: Growing up, I... / The habit developed in my childhood... 你的仿写: _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 答案解析与仿写参考 ⭐ 练1 参考答案 ① 答案: denying ② 现在分词作结果状语(表示主句动作带来的结果) ③ 逻辑主语是前面整件事(my family never used clotheslines to dry clothing这一事实) ④ 翻译: 在我的成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物,这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一。 ⭐ 练2 参考答案 ① 答案: left ② 过去分词作后置定语(修饰shirt) ③ 动宾关系/被动关系(shirt是被“留下”晒的) ④ 翻译: 如果你从未体验过床单或衬衫在太阳下晒一天后散发出的“阳光香气”,那你真是错过了生活中的一大奇迹。 ⭐ 练3 参考答案 ① 答案: When ② 完整形式: When we travel ③ 翻译: 旅行时,我们会接触不同的文化和体验。 ⭐ 练4 参考答案 ① 答案: to ② 不定式作宾语(hope to do) ③ 不需要加to(并列不定式中,第二个及之后的不定式可以省略to) ④ 翻译: 我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能,并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。 ⭐ 练5 仿写参考 Growing up in a family of book lovers, I developed the habit of reading every night before bed. The books recommended by my grandmother opened up a whole new world to me. 3. 写作迁移 任务: 用非谓语动词写一段话(不少于50词),描述你成长过程中的一个习惯或经历,至少使用1个现在分词作状语和1个过去分词作后置定语。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 写作示范: Growing up in a small coastal town, I spent most of my summers playing on the beach. The shells collected during those trips still remind me of the simple joys of childhood. Encouraged by my parents, I learned to appreciate the beauty of nature at an early age. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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第05讲-长难句讲义 非谓语动词(一)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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第05讲-长难句讲义 非谓语动词(一)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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第05讲-长难句讲义 非谓语动词(一)-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项
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