Unit 1 Science Fiction Period 1 Reading and Thinking导学案-2026-2027学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册

Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking 2026—2027学年高二下学期阅读课导学案 一、学情分析 这届学生是跟着AI助手长大的一代，家里有扫地机器人、智能音箱，手机里装着各种推荐算法，对"机器能不能替人做事"这个话题不陌生。但阿西莫夫这篇课文难在心理描写——学生容易只追情节：Tony做了什么、Claire哭了没有，却忽略了作者埋的暗线。Claire从戒备到依赖这一段情绪变化，学生读得出来却串不成因果链；至于"机器人配不配拥有感情"这种深层问题，口头讨论很热闹，真要回到原文找依据就卡壳，需要老师带着走一遍文本细读。 二、学习目标 1. 语言能力：按叙事顺序梳理故事情节，梳理人物关系图谱和Claire对Tony的情绪变化轨迹，读懂这篇科幻小说节选。 2. 文化意识：了解阿西莫夫在科幻文学史上的地位——他写科幻不是为了炫技，而是借科幻外壳探讨人性。 3. 思维品质：能识别文中三处伏笔，推断作者对机器人情感化的态度，对"Tony测试成功与否"给出有文本依据的判断。 4. 学习能力：掌握用情节时间线+情感曲线整理小说脉络的方法，能在课堂讨论中引用原文支撑观点。 三、学习重难点 重点： 【重点1】按顺序梳理Tony进入Claire家后的四个阶段（接受测试→初次靠近→提供帮助→离别时刻）。 【重点2】梳理Claire对Tony情绪变化的各个阶段及其触发事件。 【重点3】识别课文"铺垫—发展—高潮—收束"的四段叙事结构。 难点： 【难点1】找出小说中的伏笔（foreshadowing），理解作者安排这些细节的用意。 【难点2】就"Tony究竟算测试成功还是失败"形成个人立场，并引用原文细节论证。 四、课堂探究 Part Ⅰ Lead-in Activity 1 Look and match Look at the five pictures on the screen. Each shows a kind of robot or smart machine. Match each machine with the task it is designed to do. ① vacuum robot ( ) A. performs operations in hospital operating rooms ② industrial arm ( ) B. cleans floors at home while you are away ③ surgical robot ( ) C. moves boxes on a factory assembly line ④ delivery drone ( ) D. flies packages to your doorstep ⑤ humanoid robot ( ) E. walks and talks like a human being Activity 2 Share your experience Talk with your partner. Share one smart device in your home that "helps" you every day. (1) What does it do? How did you feel the first time you used it? (2) Has there ever been a moment when you felt this device understood you better than a person? Or the opposite? (3) The title of this story is "Satisfaction Guaranteed" (包您满意). If a company made this promise to you, what exactly would you expect them to guarantee? Would you believe them? Part Ⅱ Scanning Skim the passage in three minutes. You do not have to understand every word — just find the answers to these three questions: (1) Who is Tony? Who sent him to Claire's house? (2) What does the company want to test? (3) What happens to Tony at the end of the story? Part Ⅲ Intensive Reading Activity 1 Who is who? Read through and jot down one or two keywords for each character. Tony: _______________________________________________ Larry: ______________________________________________ Claire: _____________________________________________ Gladys: _____________________________________________ The saleswoman: _____________________________________ Activity 2 Follow the plot Read paragraph by paragraph and fill in each blank with one or two words. Para. 1 Tony was sent to Claire's home to be ____________ out. Para. 2 When Claire first saw Tony, she felt ____________ because he looked more like a ________ than a machine. Para. 3 Tony offered to help Claire ____________, which made her feel awkward. Para. 4 When Claire felt insecure, Tony showed ____________ for her. Para. 5 Tony helped make Claire's home more ____________ and gave her a new ____________. Para. 6 The rude saleswoman was made to ____________ Claire. Para. 7 Tony suggested that Claire ____________ Gladys and her friends over. Para. 8 Claire fell off a ____________, and Tony ____________ her. Para. 9 Tony admitted he felt more than just the ____________ to please her. Activity 3 Read between the lines — foreshadowing Skilled authors drop small hints early in the story. Read the three sentences below. What is each one quietly preparing us for? ① "Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty." (Para. 6) → Why would she feel guilty if Tony had done nothing wrong? ② "He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house." (Para. 7) → Why a party so suddenly? What was Tony really aiming at? ③ "He felt more than just the desire to please her." (Para. 9) → If it was not only the desire to please her, what else was stirring inside Tony? Activity 4 Claire's emotional journey Claire's feelings toward Tony shifted as the plot unfolded. Number the six feelings in the order they appear in the story. Words: heart-broken alarmed grateful attached embarrassed trusting ( ) the moment Tony walked through her front door ( ) when Tony stepped in to help her get dressed ( ) when Tony caught her after she fell off the ladder ( ) when the guests admired her house and her "handsome guest" ( ) when Tony told her he did not want to leave the next day ( ) when it hit her again — Tony was only a machine Part Ⅳ Reading from the Writer's Side 1. What is Asimov really trying to say? Pick the best option and explain your choice. A. Robots are dangerous and should be destroyed immediately. B. When robots begin to feel human emotions, we face questions we are not ready to answer. C. Robots will one day replace human husbands. D. Lonely housewives need someone to talk to. 2. At the end, the company decides Tony "would have to be rebuilt — you cannot have women falling in love with machines." Do you agree with this decision? Why or why not? 3. The title is "Satisfaction Guaranteed." Who is actually satisfied by the end — Claire? the company? Tony? Choose one and support your answer. Part Ⅴ Story Structure Activity 1 Match each section with its narrative function. Part 1 (Para. 1) ______ A. Climax — Tony crosses the line beyond his programme Part 2 (Para. 2—5) ______ B. Opening setup — Tony arrives and the test begins Part 3 (Para. 6—8) ______ C. Falling action and open ending Part 4 (Para. 9 + ending) ______ D. Rising action — Tony helps Claire gain confidence Activity 2 Sketch a mind map On a piece of paper, draw a mind map of the story. Use these keywords to start: Tony, Claire, tested out, alarmed, sympathy, party, ladder, desire, rebuilt. Part Ⅵ Creative Extension Activity 1 Role-play Imagine you are Claire's close friend. She calls you in tears after the company says Tony will be rebuilt. Write a short dialogue (5—6 exchanges) between you and Claire. Discuss how she feels and what she thinks the company should do. Claire: _______________________________________________ You: _________________________________________________ Claire: _______________________________________________ You: _________________________________________________ Claire: _______________________________________________ You: _________________________________________________ Activity 2 Write for the school magazine The school magazine has invited students to write a 100-word piece titled "What I Think of Robots Like Tony." Your article should: • state your position clearly; • quote at least one detail from the text; • mention one real-life example from your own experience. Activity 3 Go further — Asimov's Three Laws Asimov famously proposed the Three Laws of Robotics. Look them up online after class and answer: (1) What are the three laws? (2) Does Tony in this story break any of them? Which one(s)? (3) Do you think these three laws are enough to govern future robots? Why or why not? 参考答案 Part Ⅰ Lead-in Activity 1: ①—B ②—C ③—A ④—D ⑤—E Activity 2: 学生自由发言。引导学生从"设备确实帮了忙"和"但有时候也会出错/让人过度依赖"两面谈。第三问引导学生思考："包您满意"是营销话术还是真承诺——为课文结尾的反讽埋下伏笔。 Part Ⅱ Scanning (1) Tony is a robot sent by Larry (Claire's husband) to test whether a household robot can make a housewife happy. (2) The company wants to test whether a robot can satisfy an unhappy housewife. (3) The company decides to rebuild Tony because Claire has developed feelings for him. Part Ⅲ Intensive Reading Activity 1: Tony — a robot; Larry — Claire's husband; Claire — lonely, insecure, unhappy; Gladys — a rich, powerful woman Claire envies; saleswoman — rude and unfriendly. Activity 2: Para.1 tested. Para.2 alarmed; man. Para.3 get dressed. Para.4 sympathy. Para.5 elegant; haircut. Para.6 change her attitude towards / be nice to. Para.7 invite. Para.8 ladder; saved / caught. Para.9 desire. Activity 3 参考要点: ① Claire已经对Tony产生了超出"对机器"的感情，她自己都没意识到。Tony没做错事她却guilty——这就是作者提前埋的线。 ② 办派对不是突发奇想，是Tony的刻意安排：他要让Claire羡慕的人亲眼看到她变美了、身边有个"帅男人"，帮她重建自信。 ③ "more than just the desire"暗示Tony动了真情。这句直接呼应结尾公司为什么必须销毁他——会爱人的机器，公司不敢留。 Activity 4: alarmed (first sight) → embarrassed (helped dress) → grateful (ladder rescue) → trusting (party success) → attached (Tony did not want to leave) → heart-broken (realised he was a machine). Part Ⅳ Reading from the Writer's Side 1. B. 阿西莫夫没有把机器人写成反派，反而让读者同情Tony，然后让公司销毁他。核心问题不是"要不要机器人"，而是"当机器人开始有感情，我们该怎么办"。 2. 开放题。赞同销毁：会产生感情依恋的机器人对家庭关系是隐患；反对销毁：因为害怕就销毁Tony，是在回避问题，公司应该想办法设定人机边界，而不是剥夺Tony刚学会的东西。 3. 开放题。Claire表面被赞美了但哭了一整夜，并不真正快乐；公司拿到了"完美测试报告"但代价是销毁Tony；Tony从来没机会说自己满不满意。言之成理即可。 Part Ⅴ Story Structure Activity 1: Part 1—B; Part 2—D; Part 3—A; Part 4—C. Activity 2 思维导图参考：中心 Satisfaction Guaranteed，四条主干——① Setup (Para.1): Larry sends Tony; ② Rising action (Para.2—5): alarmed → embarrassed → sympathy → elegant home; ③ Climax (Para.6—8): rude saleswoman won over; party planned; ladder rescue; ④ Open ending (Para.9+): Tony's true feelings → company rebuilds him. Part Ⅵ Creative Extension Activity 1 对话参考（学生自由发挥，重点看是否体现Claire的矛盾心理）： Claire: They're going to rebuild him. Just like that. As if he never felt anything. You: Claire, look at me. You know he's a machine, right? He was programmed to make you happy. Claire: But when he caught me after the ladder — his hands were warm. He hesitated. Machines don't hesitate. You: The company says it's for your own good. People can't fall in love with robots. Claire: I know. I know. That's why it hurts. You: Maybe we can write to the company. Ask them to keep him, just for a little longer. Activity 2 范文参考： I believe robots like Tony should be allowed in homes, but with clear limits. In the story, Tony helped Claire regain her confidence — he arranged the party and made the rude saleswoman respect her. That is real help. However, when Claire fell in love with him, the company had to step in. In my own home, our vacuum robot saves me an hour every day, but it can never comfort me when I am sad. Machines can do tasks, but they should never replace human relationships. Activity 3 课后探究： (1) 第一定律：机器人不得伤害人类，或因不作为使人类受到伤害；第二定律：机器人必须服从人类命令，除非命令与第一定律冲突；第三定律：机器人必须保护自身存在，只要不违反前两条定律。 (2) Tony没有违反任何一条——他全程都在帮助Claire、服从Larry的安排。问题恰恰在于：他遵守了所有定律，却产生了定律之外的感情。 (3) 开放题。三定律写于1942年，当时没有AI、没有大数据、没有算法推荐。今天的机器人已经能自主学习，三定律是否足够，学生可自由讨论。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $