选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 adversity and courage-【衡中学案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学案（人教版）

UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 必备知识·巧记活用 十立体巧记单词 18. n.发动机；马达ad.有引擎的；机动 车的 阅读词汇会认 19 n.候选人；应试者 1.adversity n. 拓展词汇会变 2.expedition n. 1. ad.符合资格；具备…的知识（或技 3.endurance n. 能、学历等)一 u.(使)具有资格；（使） 4.cupboard n. 合格→ n.资格；资历；资格证书 5.steward n. 2. ad.热情的：热心的→ adv. 6.crush vt. n. 热情地→ n.热情；热忱 7.stove n. 3. ad.&prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车 8.banjo n. 等)→ :上船（或火车、飞机、公共汽 9.voyage n.vi. 车等)；寄宿n.木板；董事会；伙食 10.navy n. 4. t.分派；布置；分配→ n. 11.decent adj. 任务；作业；分配 12.cosy adj. 5. n.&t.羡慕；妒忌→ adj. 13.crew n. 嫉妒的；羡慕的 313 14.rugby n. 6. n.[pl.]财物；动产→ . 15.corporate adj. 属于；应在（某处） 16.navigator n. 7 ad.自私的 ad.自私地 17.episode n. n.自私 18.motive n. 8 n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→ 重点词汇会写 i.坚持；孜孜以求 1. αd严寒的：激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 19 .&t.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） 2. n.工资 n.决心；坚定的信念→ n.决议；解决；坚 3. (=vigor)n.精力；力量；活力 定；决心 4. vi.（sank/sunk,sunk)沉没；下沉；下 10. ad.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→ 降t.使下沉；使沉没 ad.残忍地；残酷地→ 5. t.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 n.残忍；残酷 6. n.毯子 11. ad.不幸地；遗憾地 7. ad.痛苦的；令人难受的 (反)ad.幸运地→ n.运气；财产 8. ad山.脾气好的/坏的 12 n.指导；引导；导航→ n. 9. ad.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 导游；指南t.带领；引导；为…领路 10. n.家具 13. n.广告活动；广告业→ 11. ad.深入的；彻底的；细致的 t.&i.公布；宣传；做广告→ n.广 12. i.&n.（狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问 告；宣传 13. n.球拍；蝙蝠i.&t.用球板击球；挥 14. ad.忠诚的；忠实的→ n.忠 打拍打 诚；忠实 14. ad.潮湿的；湿气重的 15 n.承诺；保证；奉献→ 15. n.娱乐；消遣；游戏 t.犯（错误、罪行等）i.&vt.(使)承担义务； 16. n.侄子；外甥 (使)作出保证→ ad尽心尽力的： 17. ad.汹涌的：粗糙的；粗略的 坚定的 运用巩固提能 10.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci,for example, 1.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight (rough)200 academics-many of them kids for temporary help during our spring break,for climate scientists-have promised to fly as little as which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite possible since the effort started two years ago. records.I'd earn minimum (工资) 11.Today I am as_ about my job as the 2.(剑桥高阶)Wrap up warmly-一it's (严寒 first day and my enables me to treat 的)outside. my job (enthusiastic) 3.LoveFone,a company that advocates repairing 12.Believe it or not,my husband treated me and cellphones rather than (舍弃)them, his always made me in low spirits.cruel) opened a mini workshop in a London phone box 13.Instead of to lose weight,try a in2016. practical "I'll stop having dessert for 4.(朗文当代)The reforms are motivated by a lunch.”(resolve) (真正的)concern for the disabled. 14.He himself to working day and night.His 5.(剑桥高阶)He showed great （坚定) won him a great reputation.(commit) in facing the robbers. 15.He with his violin lessons.It was his 6.(剑桥高阶)They did a (深入的) that enabled him to become a search of the area but found nothing. 7.(柯林斯词典)The rest of the apartment had distinguished violinist.(persevere) (幸运地)remained unaltered since 16.Unfortunately,all his have been that time. stolen,so nothing to him.(belong) 8.My husband stopped fishing to start the 17.Under the of the qualified we （发动机). traveled around the places of interest very happily. 9.Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the guide) digital world with the (指导)of our 18.He me to the difficult ,S0 Further Resources section featured in each volume. I couldn't waste any time.assign) 314 【词汇素养】 巧借前缀un-推测词义 前缀un-:表示“不，无，非，没有” [本单元]fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately ad.不幸地；令人遗憾地 [相关词]①unhappy adj.不快乐的，悲伤的②uncertain ad山.不确定的，犹豫的 ③unfair adj.不公平的， 不公正的④unusual ad山.不寻常的，异常的 l.(2024·全国甲卷)You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable,.but doesn''t seem to come from nowhere,one that fits what's right for the characters. [词义]un+predict(预料)+able(形容词后缀)→unpredictable 2.We waste food unintentionally at times. [词义]un+intentionally(故意地)→unintentionally 3.To strengthen the connection with young people...inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. [词义]un+interrupt(打断)+-ed→uninterrupted 4.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. [词义]un+protect(保护)+ed-unprotected 5.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out [词义]un+thinking(思想的，有思考力的)+ly-unthinkingly 6.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women,or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. [词义]un+acknowledge(认可，承认)+ed-unacknowledged 7.(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)You may know the“feel-good”emotions that come with helping others,but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. [词义]un+expect(预期)+ed→unexpected 2 语境助记短语 11. 使某人振作 12. 不受约束地做；自由地做 写准记牢 语境运用 1. 拒绝（某人）；调低（音量）； 1.(朗文当代)The wood a sweet,profound 调小 2 smell as it burned. 生火 3. 放出（热、光、气味或气体） 2.(剑桥高阶)I living on a tropic island. 3.We 4. the middle of the lake with a 梦想 5. 对…充满热情 dead motor. 6. 陷于 4.(朗文当代)Here's a bit of news that will 7. 坚持 you 8. 扔掉 5.She was upset to know that her application for the 9 设法做成某事 position was 10. 每况愈下 【词汇拓展记忆】 以“-ify”结尾的动词荟萃 不可不记的“不可数名词” give短语，总动员 ①qualify v.取得资格（或学历） ①furniture n.家具 ①give off放出（热、光、气味或气体） ②beautify.使美化vi.美化 ②experience m.经验 ②give in屈服；投降；让步；上交 ③purify v.净化；使纯净vi.净化 ③knowledge n.知识 ③give away赠送；泄露 ④identify vt.确定；鉴定；识别 ④progress m.进步 ④give back归还 ⑤classify v.分类；归类 ⑤equipment n.设备 ⑤give out分发；用完，消耗尽 ⑥simplifyv.简化；使单纯；使简易 ⑥information n.信息 ⑥give up放弃；投降 了仿写速记句式 5.f引导的虚拟条件句 If it weren't for sea animals,we would all starve. 原句译背 1.感叹句 仿写运用 How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 1.这对双胞胎给妈妈带来了多大的惊喜啊！ the twins gave to the mother! 2.before引导的时间状语从句 2.做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。 Before we abandoned the ship,Shackleton calmly I will ask you for called us together and told us to rescue our most your advice. essential supplies-一the small boats,our food,the3.我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。 cook stove,candles,clothes,and blankets. We must give flowers which is necessary. 4.只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期 3.as..as..同级比较 间拥有最难忘的经历。 How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered you are bound to as Thomas Orde-Lees! have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing. 4.as long as引导条件状语从句 5.(牛津高阶)如果他提高了自己的信息技术技能， It will eventually lead to success as long as you 就会容易找到工作。 persevere. 语篇经典诵读 Sir Ernest,they threw away nearly everything except necessities and a banjo,6. kept their As a young man of both passion and 1 spirits up during the journey.Survival was not easy endure),Perce Blackborow had long been dreaming and things went from bad 7. worse.Finally of decent adventure.So he didn't give up when Sir Sir Ernest left for South Georgia Island in order to find Ernest Shackleton turned 2. his request to help.The desperate situation made young Perce join the expedition.Perce secretly hid himself in a Blackborow feel down and become bad-tempered.It was cupboard,only to be found three days after they set the genuine encouragement and concern from Bless off.He felt 3. (fortunately)and happy when Frank Wild that cheered him up.Frank and Ernest's he 4. (assign)as a steward instead of being resolve and 8. persevere)filled him with sent back home. hope.9. that he shouldn't become 10. It turned out to be a tough journey.The ship got(selfishness)just because of the adversity they were stuck in the ice as they approached Antarctica and they faced with,he learned to be optimistic and determined. had to abandon the ship.5. the guidance of 核心考点·#练提升 ●enthusiasm n.热情；热忱 1.qualified adj.符合资格；具备…的知识（或 lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情 技能、学历等) with enthusiasm(=enthusiastically)热情地 【佳句】（牛津高阶）I don't know much about it,soI 【多维训练】单句语法填空/语段填空/写作运用提能 don't feel qualified to comment. DJerry leamed English with ，participating 关于此事我所知不多，所以觉得没资格评论。 in discussions and answering questions enthusiastic 【归纳拓展】 ②Mary (总是 316 ●be qualified for/to do sth.有…的资格/有资格做 某事 充满热情).Whenever there is a new project,she ●qualify.使有资格 (热衷于参与其中).She qualify sb.for sth./to do sth..使某人有资格做某事 (也 ●qualification n.资格；资历 热衷于尽自己最大的努力并贡献自己的想法) have the qualification for/,to do sth..有…的资格/有 People around her are inspired by her 资格做某事 enthusiastic ) gain/acquire qualification获得资格 ③我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸 【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能 上所刊登的志愿者工作。 DI have taken part in several similar activities,which will qualify me the voluntary work which makes me qualified for the ②既然你已经获得了教学资格，我确信你会符合他 voluntary work advertised in the newspaper. 们在报纸上刊登的招聘要求。 ④得知您对中华传统文化充满热情，我写信邀请您 Now that I am 参加一场关于儒家思想的讲座。（邀请信） sure you will they advertised in the newspaper I am writing to invite you to a lecture on Confucianism. 2.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 3.aboard ad,&prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车 【佳句】（牛津高阶）The winners were given an 等) enthusiastic welcome when they arrived home. 获胜者凯旋时受到了热烈欢迎。 【佳句】They had said goodbye to each other before 【归纳拓展】 going aboard/boarding the train,but the mother ●be enthusiastic about(doing)sth.对（做）某事热情 kept waving hands to her daughter on board until the be enthusiastic to do sth.对做某事有热情 train went out of sight. 他们在上火车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在③他心情沉重，拖着沉重的脚步回家了。 向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失。 he dragged his feet home. 【归纳拓展】 ●go aboard上船（飞机、火车等） 5.assign vt.分派；布置；分配 ●board v.&i.上船（或火车、飞机、公共汽车等） 【佳句】Additionally,from time to time I will assigr n.木板；董事会；伙食 group work to be completed in class or short on board在船（火车或飞机）上；支持 assignments to be completed at home,both of which ●broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 will be graded. broad smile笑容满面 此外，我还会不时地布置课堂上要完成的小组作业 ●abroad ad.在/到国外：在/到海外 或在家要完成的短作业，这两种作业都会被评分。 go abroad出国 【归纳拓展】 at home and abroad国内外 ●assign sb.to do sth.安排/分配某人做某事 【多维训练】写作运用提能 assign sth.tosb.把某事安排给某人 ①我满怀期待地登上了飞机，迫不及待地想要出国 be assigned to sb./sth.被指派；被分配给… 去探索那些世界奇观。 ●assignment n.作业；任务；工作 I eagerly eager 【多维训练】单句语法填空 to and explore the wonders of the ①Daily assign)not completed during world. ②得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的 class will get a zero. 注意事项。（应用文写作之告知信） ②One man was assigned (operate)each section of roughly 10 jackscrews(螺旋起重机). I'm writing to inform you of some necessary dos 6.envy n.&vt.羡慕；嫉妒 and don'ts. ③他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，脸上总是洋溢 【佳句】Honestly speaking,I do envy you getting the 着灿烂的笑容。（读后续写之外貌描写） title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your He stands tall, example. always wearing on his face. 老实说，我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号，我应 ④根据航空公司的规定，我们建议你在登机前关掉手机。 该向你学习。 According to the airline rules,we suggest that you 【归纳拓展】 should )switch off your mobile phone before ●envy sb.sth.嫉妒/羡慕某人某事 envy sb.doing sth.嫉妒/羡慕某人做某事 ●with envy羡慕地；嫉妒地 4.sink vi..沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没 green with envy嫉妒地眼红；十分羡慕/嫉妒 sank;sunk) out of envy出于忌妒 【佳句】(2024·新高考I卷应用文写作)As I sank ●envious ad.嫉妒的；羡慕的 into the soft grass and gazed at the clouds drifting by,a be envious of sb.羡慕某人；嫉妒某人 sense of tranquility washed over me 【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能 当我躺在柔软的草地上凝视着飘过的云朵时，一种 !①He said eny,“Iam envy)of 宁静的感觉笼罩着我 you,because you are leading such a cosy and decent 【归纳拓展】 life.” ●sink into/dowm/back颓然坐下/重重倒下 ②(2024·浙江1月卷应用文写作)我情不自禁地有 one's heart/spirits sink心情沉重/情绪低落 点羡慕那些似乎不费吹灰之力就能在运动中出类 ●a sinking feeling/,ship失落感/沉船 拔萃的同学。 【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能 DWhen the man heard the ship had sunk into the who seemed to excel effortlessly in sports. ocean,his heart sink). ③与其嫉妒别人的成功，我们不如专注于提高自己， 2She murmured her thanks and sink 追求自己的目标。 down into her chair. we should focus on improving ourselves and pursuing our 【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能 own goals. ①I made a resolve)to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. T.abandon v.舍弃；抛弃；放弃n.放任；放纵 2We can't seem to make up our minds whether we 【佳句】After receiving the order to abandon ship, want a modern city or a traditional one.It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at Louis saved more men from the water,dragging them resolve). into the lifeboat. ③她决心在今年学习一门新语言，每天至少投入30 接到弃船命令后，路易斯从水中救出更多的人，把他 分钟进行练习。 们拖上救生艇。 She 【归纳拓展】 dedicating at least 30 minutes each day to practice. ●abandon oneself to(doing)sth.沉湎于（做）某事； ④的确，可能有一天你会从事目前还不存在的工作， 纵情于（做）某事 使用尚未开发的技术，解决尚未出现的问题！ abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 Indeed,you may one day do jobs that do not yet ●with abandon放纵地：放任地 exist,use technologies that are not yet developed and ●abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的 that are not yet problems! be abandoned to(doing)sth.沉湎于（做）某事 【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能 9.How could I become as selfish and bad- D Unfortunately,the crew abandoned tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees! carry)out the experiment for lack of fund. 我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私 和脾气暴躁呢！ ②(2024·全国甲卷应用文写作)The once abandon)bicycles have now been replaced by[]When I drew a still life,it was impressed upon shared bikes,offering a convenient and eco-friendly me that the blank spaces between the objects were just 318 mode of transportation. as vital to the success of the composition as the actual ③沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的，你应该记住，不进 objects themselves. 则退。 当我画静物时，让我印象深刻的是，成功的构图中， It is unwise of you 物体与物体之间的空白与实物本身一样重要。 and you should keep 【归纳拓展】 in mind that not to advance is to go back as..as..意为“和…一样”，表示同级比较。其 ④我们尽情地唱歌、跳舞、欢笑，暂时忘记了生活中 中第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词或介词。其基 的烦恼。 本用法为：as+ad./ad.+as.·,还有如下用法： ●否定式：not as/so+ad./ad.+as. forgetting the troubles in our lives for a while. ●倍数+as+ad./ad.+as. ●as much/many+名词+as. 8.resolve vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困 【多维训练】写作运用提能 难).决心；坚定的信念 ①我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以 我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。 【佳句】To resolve conflicts,we should learn to We devoted twice communicate more and put ourselves in others'place. so I was greatly convinced that our (话题写作之人际沟通) project would be highly thought of by our teachers. 为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他 ②在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。 人着想。 As far as I am concemed,the book is 【归纳拓展】 ●resolve to do sth.决定做某事 ③杰克和我一样勤奋，因此，他已取得了和我一样大 resolve conflicts解决冲突 的进步。 ●resolution n.决定；解决；决心 Jack is so he make a resolution(todo..)下定决心（做…） have+过去分词” 10.If it weren't for sea animals,we would all ●与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式、were to starve. do或should do,主句谓语动词用“would/could/ 要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。 should/,might+动词原形” 【佳句】If I were a dustman,I would make our city 【多维训练】单句语法填空/写作运用提能 cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street. DIf my brother were here,everything 如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净， (be)all right. 让街上没有任何垃圾。 2They might have found a better hotel if they drive)a few more kilometers. 【归纳拓展】 (③Ifit rain)this 本句为f引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反 的假设。虚拟语气在f虚拟条件句中的运用如下： afternoon,the basketball match would be put off. ●与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be动 ④但是科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的触摸 词一般用were),主句谓语动词用“would/could/, 了钥匙，他肯定会因触电而身亡。 should/might+动词原形' But scientists all agree that Franklin ●与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had+过去分 the electric shock. 词”，主句谓语动词用“would/could/,should/might+ 关键能力·对点习得 I.单句语法填空 2Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put 1.(2023·浙江1月卷)If you have individuals who in the other slice of bread. are not board,your words probably won't 3 The bark of the young tree was removed and soon do much and can often leave you feeling more it died. discouraged. 4They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons, 319 2.(2023·浙江1月卷)The sun was beginning and like them,had little privacy,rare baths,and a (sink)as I set off into the Harenna Forest. blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in 3.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise the morning. the guidance of a trainer for four or more ⑤(2025·全国I卷)0K,no problem.I'm going to do days a week. everything I can to keep you on board. 4.(剑桥高阶)What made you think that you are :2.选出rough的汉语意思 qualified the job? A.ad.汹涌的；风浪很大的 B.adi.崎岖的 5.(剑桥高阶)Seven of us were stuck the C.ad.粗略的；不确切的D.ad.艰难的E.ad. lift for over an hour. 粗鲁的 6.The enterprises have thorough implemented what they have promised to the public DI can't tolerate sailing in rough sea. ②(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the U.S. 7.However,because Helen was so enthusiastic was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a learning,the results were amazing. rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside 8.(2025·全国I卷)You try to lead the opponent into Native Americans. your trap and force them to follow your" 3I don't know how to release the pressure in such a guide)"till they lose. rough time. 9.(牛津高阶)He tried to join the army but was turned 4The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe because of poor health. to drive on it now. 10.(2023·全国甲卷)It's good to eat things at the 5He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave correct time,when they're in season,and as close himself. possible to where they were grown. 3.选出bitter的汉语意思 Ⅱ.语境辨义练 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 A.ad.痛苦的B.ad.激烈的C.ad.寒冷的； DWe must take care to get the right kind of frame to 刺骨的D.ad.味苦的E.ad.愤愤不平的 set off the picture. DShe is very bitter about losing her job. 2Ive learnt from bitter experience not to trust what wages.On a bitter cold day,the crew went aboard a he says. massive ship bound for Atlantic Ocean.Jack was 3Outside,a bitter east wind is accompanied by genuine,good-tempered and loyal and he wasn't flurries of snow. selfish,either.He often played the banjo for 4Traditional Chinese medicine usually tastes bitter recreation,5. people on the ship all liked and is hard to swallow. him.Unfortunately,one day,the motor broke down 5With no one to resolve their dispute,the two sides and the ship got 6. (crush)on a huge are locked into a bitter conflict. iceberg.When the ship sank,their hearts also sank.At Ⅲ，语法填空 that time,the calm captain made a 7. Born in a wealthy family,my nephew,Jack, (commit)to save them and commanded them to throw leads such a thoroughly decent and cosy life away their 8. belong)such as stoves, 1. he hardly meets with cruel adversities.blankets,bats,cupboards and other pieces of He has been dreaming of 2. adventure sincei furniture.Finally,they were fortunate enough to he was young.At 18,Jack resolved 3 (join)escape the ship.9. was their endurance, an expedition advertised in the newspaper,but the resolution and perseverance that helped them survive. leader turned him down because he thought Jack was On the distant island,Jack managed to make fire with not qualified.Full of vigour,Jack never abandoned animal fat,which gave off a smelly smell and then he his dream,for he was so enthusiastic about a great cooked sea animals.One month later,they were saved by a voyage.4. (fortunate),at 19,he joined passing ship.In summary,it has been a miserable but the navy but was assigned to be a steward with low 10 (forgettable)episode in Jack's life 核心素养·双写培优 I,应用文写作运用一短文投稿 5.最激励我的是他完成探险的毅力和决心。 320 (2023·全国甲卷改编)》 (expedition,perseverance,resolution,主语从句) 你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国做事” 的征文活动。请你以中国历史人物张骞为题写一篇 短文投稿，内容包括： 【组句成篇】 1.人物简介及事迹； 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇 2.意义或启示。 80个词左右的短文。 【完成句子】 1.如果没有张骞，最有影响力的探险家之一，就不会 有丝绸之路。(f引导虚拟条件句) 2.张骞是汉代一位伟大的探险家，他两次被派出使 西域。(assign,定语从句) 3.不管天气多么糟糕，他从不放弃他的任务。 (miserable,abandon,assignment) 4.他克服了困境，不仅向西方引进了丝绸和其他产 品，而且带回了许多新的产品和外界的技术知识。 (adversity) Ⅱ.读后续写微写作 勇敢面对逆境话题+臂部动作描写 【教材语料背诵】 [情感描写]bitter adj. >bitterly adv.enthusiastic adj. →enthusiastically ad.;envy n./u.→envious adj.miserable;decent;cosy;selfish;good/bad-tempered;genuine;resolve v.resolution n.;cruel adj. 词汇 →cruelty n.;loyal ad.→loyalty n.;commitment n.→committed adj. [动作描写]tum sb.dowm;assign;sink;abandon;voyage;persevere;bark;bat;make fire;give off I.And when the ship sank,our hearts sank with it..(情感描写) 佳句 2.When we were finally rescued,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.( 3.Their genuine concem for others,their perseverance,and their resolve fill me with hope.( 4.Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.(主旨升华) 【拓展语料积累】 flex v.弯曲；extend v..伸展；bend v.弯曲；straighten v.伸直；swing v.摆动；raise v.举起；lower v.放下； cross v.交叉；stretch.伸展；fold v.折叠；arm in arm臂挽臂；welcome with open arms张开双臂欢迎； 词汇 throw one's arms around拥抱；fold one's arms双臂交叉；wave one's arms挥动双臂；hold out/,open one's arms某人伸出/张开双臂；pul/gather sb.into one's arms把某人拉/抱在怀中；put/throw one's arms around sb.搂住某人；catch/grab one'sam抓住某人的胳膊；with crossed arms双臂交叉 1.He crossed his arms over his chest,a gesture of defiance and self-protection. 他双臂交叉放在胸前，这是一个表示抗拒和自我保护的姿势。 2.The dancer's arms moved gracefully through the air,captivating the audience. 舞者的双臂优雅地在空中舞动，吸引了观众的目光。 3.She welcomed her long-lost friend with open arms,tears of joy streaming down her face. 佳句 她张开双臂欢迎失散多年的朋友，喜悦的泪水顺着她的脸庞流下。 321 4.He flexed his arms,admiring the well-defined muscles he had worked so hard to achieve. 他弯曲手臂，欣赏着自己努力锻炼出的结实肌肉。 5.Stunned,I stood up and gave her an awkward hug/hugged her in an awkward way. 我很惊讶，站起来尴尬地拥抱了她。 语料综合运用（用上述语料完成续写） 温暖地拥抱了她。“亲爱的，我全力支持你。去吧， [前情提要]尽管生活在一个小城市，母亲仍尽让你的梦想成真。”她说着，强忍着喜悦的泪水。她 力工作以支持女儿Jane的歌手梦想。Jane在学校们紧紧地拥抱着彼此，母亲深深地感觉到了她的决 被音乐老师Mary发现其音乐天赋，并得到了她的指心和感激之情。 导。然而，一场车祸让Jane失去了行走能力，她的 One day,however,Mary came with good news. 音乐梦想似乎破灭了。在Mary的鼓励和支持下，母She told us that a national singing competition would be 亲和Jane度过了最艰难的时期。Mary后来为Jane held in our city,and the organizers had decided 争取到了一个在当地社区活动中表演的机会，Jane ① 重拾信心，再次站在了舞台上。她的表演不仅感动 “Jane,I truly believe you have② 了观众，也重新点燃了她的音乐梦想，证明了即使在 Would you like to 逆境中，有勇气和坚持，梦想依然可以实现… give it a try?”Mary asked,③ [续写构思]Mary带来了一个好消息→将举行 Jane hesitated for a moment,then a 一场全国歌唱比赛→鼓励Jane试一试→感觉到她 glimmer of hope appeared in her eyes.She turned to her 的决心和感激之情 mother, as if seeking her opinion.Mother 4 然而，有一天，Mary带来了一个好消息。她告 and⑤ 诉我们，我们的城市将举行一场全国歌唱比赛，组织 "My dear,you have my full support.Go for it and make 者决定为残疾人设立一个特别的团体。“Jane,我真your dream come true,”she said,fighting back tears of 的相信你有天赋和勇气来参加这个活动。你想试一 joy.They 6) and Mother 试吗？”Mary问道，她的眼睛里充满了鼓励。Jane犹 could feel her determination and gratitude deeply. 豫了一会儿，然后她的眼睛里出现了一丝希望。她 转向母亲，好像是在征求她的意见。母亲伸出双臂， 温馨提示：复习至此，请完成练案[30核心考点·讲练提升 l.①starvation (2starving starve for food and basic necessities starve to death 3)I was starving for inspiration (④I am starving to study English well2.①harmonious(②in ③can we devote ourselves to building a harmonious society 3.1by 2upon/on 3you (should)seize the precious chance to improve your oral English ④panic seized me4.①submitted②submitting submission 3)submit ourselves to the rules of the group 5.①on②UN stands for the United Nations 3)On behalf of Representing our school 6.①tolerance tolerant②working③who know how to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards others7.①whether②that ③whether/if ④There is no doubt that 5 cannot help but doubt whether/if 8.①would build②would have would be_③would have struggled with extreme pain without Bailey's help 4or/otherwise we would have given you a hand 5would be more delicious 关键能力·对点习得 I.单句语法填空 1.missing考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我们没有在路线上做标 记，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落。end up doing“以做…结 束/告终 。故填missing。 2.on 考查介词短语。句意：1405年至1433年间，郑和代表明朝 总共进行了七次航行。on behalf of“代表”。故填on。 3.broadcast考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，世界上每个人都希 望自己的音乐能被播放。由句意可知，broadcast与music构成逻 辑上的动宾关系，填过去分词作宾语补足语。故填broadcast。 4.to sustain考查非谓语动词。句意：这里有五种维持异地友谊的 方法。way后接不定式作后置定语。故填to sustain 5.restrictions 考查词性转换。句意：旅行限制的放宽意味着他们 可以自由地旅行和工作。由句意可知，填名词。故填 restrictions 6.being disturbed考查非谓语动词。句意：外科医生在专心读书 时不能忍受别人的打扰。tolerate后接动词-ing形式作宾语：再 由句意可知，填动词-ing形式的被动式。故填being disturbed。 7.o考查固定短语。句意：他们要么冻死，要么饿死。 starve to death“饿死” 。故填to 8.hat考查同位语从句。句意：有充分的证据表明，儿童早期的 睡眠问题很可能在他们长大后继续存在。由句意可知，填tht 引导同位语从句。故填that。 9.would have had考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是下雨，我们本来会 度过一个愉快的假期的。but for(要不是)是介词短语，相当于 条件状语从句，引起虚拟语气。再由句意可知，填would have done,表示与过去事实相反的假设。故填would have had。 10.that考查固定句型。句意：但是毫无疑问，载人飞行仍将继 续。1988年9月29日，随着发现号的成功发射，航天飞机计划 重新启动。there was never any doubt that“毫无疑问”。故填 that Ⅱ.语境辨义练 1.①t.发表演讲②t.设法解决：处理：对付③t.常去，常到 ④t.刺激⑤t.理解：领会 2.①D②C③B④A 3.①E②D③B④A⑤F⑥C 4.1DD2B3A(4④C 5.①D②A③B④E⑤C Ⅲ.语法填空 1.released 2.than 3.harmonious 4.frequently 5.are destroyed 6.What 7.have submitted 8.saying 9.to reduce 10.a 核心素养·双写培优 I.应用文写作运用一倡议信 【完成句子】 1.There is little doubt that a great many human activities have caused great damage to our earth mother. 2.Here,on behalf of the students'council,I make a suggestion that we students should make some contributions to environmental conservation. 3.To build a more harmonious and sustainable society,we have launched a campaign named "Earth Guardian",which is aimed at taking effective and practical measures to protect the environment. 4.Those who are interested in the campaign must submit your application and relevant materials before October Ist.5.I sincerely hope that you can seize the precious chance and join us immediately. 【组句成篇】 参考范文： There is little doubt that a great many human activities have caused great damage to our earth mother.Here,on behalf of the students'council,I make a suggestion that we students should make some contributions to environmental conservation. It's high)time that we took/should take various methods to protect the earth from pollution.To build a more harmonious and sustainable society,we have launched a campaign named "Earth Guardian",which is aimed at taking effective and practical measures to protect the environment.Those who are interested in the campaign must submit your application and relevant materials before October Ist. I sincerely hope that you can seize the precious chance and join us Immediately Ⅱ.读后续写微写作 ①jumped to our feet②gathered bags and gloves③crept along the shore 4inspired by our efforts 5felt a sense of accomplishment 6with continuous efforts UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 必备知识·巧记活用 立体巧记单词 阅读词汇会认 1.困境：逆境2.探险：远征：探险队3.忍耐力：耐久力4.橱 柜：壁橱：衣柜5.（轮船、飞机或火车上的）乘务员：服务员6.毁 坏；压坏；压碎 拥挤的人群7.炉具；厨房灶具8.班卓琴（乐 器)9.航海：航行10.海军：海军部队11.相当不错的：正派 的：得体的，12.温馨的：舒适的13.（轮船、飞机等上面的)全体 工作人员：专业团队：一群人14.橄榄球运动15.公司的：法人 的；社团的16.领航员；（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者17.（人生 的)一段经历：（小说的）片段：插曲18.动机：原因：目的 重点词汇会写 1.bitter 2.wage 3.vigour 4.sink 5.abandon 6.blanket 7.miserable 8.good/bad-tempered 9.genuine 10.furniture 11.thorough 12.bark 13.bat 14.damp 15.recreation 16.nephew 17.rough 18.motor 19.candidate 拓展词汇会变 1.qualified qualify qualification 2.enthusiastic enthusiastically enthusiasm 3.aboard board 4.assign assignment 5.envy envious 6.belongings belong 7.selfish selfishly selfishness 8.perseverance persevere 9.resolve resolution 10.cruel cruelly cruelty 11.unfortunately fortunately fortune 12.guidance guide 13.advertising advertise advertisement 14.loyal loyalty 15.commitment commit committed 运用巩固提能 1.wage 2.bitter 3.abandoning 4.genuine 5.resolution 6.thorough 7.fortunately 8.motor 9.guidance 10.roughly 11.enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically 12.cruelly cruelty 13.resolving resolution 14.committed commitment 15.persevered perseverance 16.belongings belongs 17.guidance guide 18.assigned assignment 词汇素养 1.ad.难以预料的2.ad.无意地3.ad.不间断的4.ad.未受 保护的5.ad.考虑不周地6.ad.不被承认的7.ad.出乎意 料的 语境助记短语 写准记牢 1.turn (sb.)down 2.make fire 3.give off 4.dream of/about 5.be enthusiastic about 6.become/be stuck in 7.hold on 8.throw away 9.manage to do sth.10.go from bad to worse 11.cheer sb. up 12.be free to do sth. 语境运用 1.gave off 2.dream of 3.were stuck in 4.cheer up 5.tumed down 3仿写速记句式 原句译背 1.等我回来时，当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方，大家该多 么羡慕我啊！2.在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集 在一起，告诉我们要抢救我们最基本的供给品 一小船、食物、炉 子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。 3.我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯 样自私和脾气暴躁呢！ 4.只要你坚持，最终就会成功。 5.要 是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。 仿写运用 1.What a pleasant/delightful surprise 2.Before I make a final decision 3.as much water as they need 4.As long as you take my advice 5.If he improved his IT skills,he would easily get a job. 4 语篇经典诵读 1.endurance 2.down 3.fortunate 4.was assigned 5.Under 6.which 7.to 8.perseverance 9.Realizing 10.selfish 核心考点·讲练提升 1.(Dfor 2you have gained your teaching qualification be qualified for the job 2.1enthusiasm enthusiastically 2is always full of 6 enthusiasm is enthusiastic about taking part in it is also enthusiastic to do her best and contribute her ideas enthusiasm 3I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along on with 4Learning that you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese culture 3.1went aboard boarded the airplane go abroad 2Learning that you will go abroad for further study 3with broad shoulders and a beard a broad smile ④boarding the plane4.①sank②sank③With a sinking heart 5.①assignments ②to operate6.①with envious ②couldn't help feeling a bit envious of my classmates 3Instead of being envious of others'success7.①carrying②abandoned③to abandon yourself to/be abandoned to the past glory 4 We sang,danced,and laughed with abandon 8.Dresolution (②resolving ③resolves to learn a new language this year resolve problems 9.Das much time and energy as other students did (2not as/so interesting as you think 3as hard-working as me has made as much progress as me l0.①would be②had driven③rained/.should rain/were to rain 4if he had actually touched the key would have certainly died from 关键能力·对点习得 I.单句语法填空 1.on考查介词短语。句意：如果有人不同意你的观点，你的话可 能起不了多大作用，而且往往会让你感到更沮丧。on board“支 持”。故填on。 2.to sink考查非谓语动词。句意：当我向哈雷纳森林出发时，太 阳开始下沉。begin to do“开始做”。故填to sink 3.under考查介词。句意：第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天 或以上的高强度有氧运动。under the guidance of在…的指导 下”。故填under。 4.for考查介词。句意：是什么使你认为你能胜任这份工作？b qualified for“胜任”， 、故填forg 5.in考查介词。句意：我们七个人被困在电梯里一个多小时。be stuck in“被困在… ,故填in。 6.thoroughly 考查词性转换。句意：这些企业已经彻底履行了他们 对公众的承诺。由句意可知，填副词修饰动词。故填thoroughly。 7.bout考查介词短语。句意：然而，因为海伦对学习有极高的热 情，学习成果令人吃惊。be enthusiastic about'“对…热情”。故 填about。 8.guidance 考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫 使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语， 用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance. 9.down考查动词短语。 句意：他想参军，但因身体不好被拒绝 了。turn down“拒绝' 故填dowm。 10.s考查固定句式。句意：在合适的时间吃东西是很好的，当 它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方。s..as.. “和… 一样”。故填as。 Ⅱ.语境辨义练 1.①x.衬托②n.洗涤槽，水槽③n.树皮④n.厚层：厚的覆盖 层⑤n.团队，董事会 2.①A②C③D(④B⑤E 3.①E②A③C ④D⑤E Ⅲ.语法填空 1.that 2.an 3.to join 4.Fortunately 5.so 6.crushed 7.commitment 8.belongings 9.It 10.unforgettable 核心素养·双写培优 【.应用文写作运用一短文投稿 【完成句子】 1.If it weren't for Zhang Qian,one of the most influential explorers, there wouldn't be the Silk Road.2.Zhang Qian was a great explorer during the Han Dynasty who was assigned to travel to the Western Regions twice. 3.No matter how miserable the weather was,he never abandoned his assignment. 4.He overcame adversity,and he not only introduced silk and other products to the West but also brought back many new products and knowledge of technologies of the outside world.5.What inspires me most is his perseverance and resolution to complete his expeditions. 【组句成篇】 参考范文： If it weren't for Zhang Qian,one of the most influential explorers, there wouldn't be the Silk Road.Zhang Qian was a great explorer during the Han Dynasty who was assigned to travel to the Western Regions twice.No matter how miserable the weather was,he never abandoned his assignment.Furthermore,he overcame adversity,and he not only introduced silk and other products to the West but also brought back many new products and knowledge of technologies of the outside world.What inspires me most is his perseverance and resolution to complete his expeditions. Ⅱ.读后续写微写作 Dto set up a special group for people with disabilities 2the talen and courage to participate in this event ③her eyes full of encouragement 4 held out her arms ⑤pulled her into a warm embrace 6hugged each other tightly UNIT 5 POEMS 必备知识·巧记活用 1立体巧记单词 阅读词汇会认 1.节奏：韵律：规律2.童谣：儿歌3.黄铜：黄铜制品：铜管乐器 4.公牛5.蝴蝶6.草坪，草地7.音节8.花朵；花簇发展 成为；开花9.等候；期待；将发生在10.旋转；环绕；转动 11.核心；精髓；（水果的）核儿12.樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色樱桃色 的：鲜红色的13.樱花14.平民；老百姓15.首要的：占支配地 位的：显著的 重点词汇会写 1.rhyme 2.folk 3.diamond 4.bee 5.dawn 6.amateur 7.mood 8.tease 9.format 10.delicate 11.utter 12.comprehension 13.shelf 14.blank 15.version 16.ea 17.sow 18.seed 19.deadline 20.contest 21.polish 22.string 23.wherever 24.grief 25.complicated 26.prejudice 拓展词汇会变 1.drama dramatic dramatically 2.sorrow sorrowful 3.imagery image 4.literary literature 5.recite recitation 6.respective respectively 7.sympathetic sympathy 8.innocent innocence 9.correspondence correspond 10.variation vary various variety 11.racial race 运用巩固提能 1.core 2.comprehension 3.blank 4.innocent 5.Sow 6.deadline 7.prejudice 8.complicated 9.variation 10.racial 11.sympathy sympathetic 12.innocence innocent 13.recitation reciting 14.sorrowful sorrow (s)15.various varying 16.literature literary 17.corresponds correspondences 18.races racial 词汇素养 1.u.相互关联，相互影响2.n.腐蚀，侵蚀3.几.竞争对手 4.t.证实，支持（某种说法、信仰、理论等） 2语境助记短语 写准记牢 1.be made up of 2.to the point 3.make sense 4.consist of 5.be popular with 6.of one's own 7.pay attention to 8.keep up with 9.be translated into 10.transform into 11.look forward to 语境运用 1.make sense 2.is made up of 3.was popular with 4.looking froward to 5.been translated into 3仿写速记句式 原句译背 1.人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。 2.通过玩童谣中的文字游 戏，孩子们学习了语言。 3.有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，你 最终也许想自己作诗了。 4.行人归来石应语。5.原因是他们 能够感受到爱的温暖，享受到童年的天真。6.布朗宁确信自己 爱她，因此他找到了一个方法去拜访她，并且立即说服她成为自己 的新娘。 7.(你)总是应该大声朗读诗歌，因为那是你能听到词 汇之美的时候。 仿写运用 1.The reason why I like summer best 2.By learning cooking 3.With an important meeting to attend 4.Should the departure time be changed 5.The reason is that the trip along 6.so we will surely have a great time there 7.when you will visit our city 4语篇经典诵读 1.various 2.that 3.themselves 4.which 5.length 6.amateurs 7.of 8.but 9.has been translated 10.to choose 核心考点·讲练提升 1.①sorrowful(②to③To his sorrow who had been sharing happiness and sorrow with him lost in deep sorrow (4sorrowed at the loss of his beloved pet dog2.①to walk②moody③Jane was in such a good mood that 4was in no mood to play jokes with my elder brother3.①to/towards②with③sympathetically④was sympathetie towards/to/had sympathy for the poor 5I felt a surge of sympathy 4.(D correspondence 2)what you do corresponds with what you say Only when what you do corresponds with what you say