专题02 Units 4～5（词汇综合练）英语人教版选择性必修第三册

专题02 Units 4~5（词汇综合练） （建议用时：60分钟） 一、单句语法填空 二、根据汉语意思写出单词的正确形式 三、完成句子 四、语篇语法填空 五、阅读理解 一、单句语法填空 1．These advancements reflect China’s (commit) to building a greener, more efficient transport system. 【答案】commitment 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些进步反映了中国致力于建设一个更绿色、更高效的交通系统。名词所有格China’s后需接名词作宾语，commit的名词形式是commitment，意为“承诺，投入”，commitment to (doing) sth.为固定搭配，故填commitment。 2．Your foot will feel better after the (apply) of this ointment. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：涂抹这种药膏后，你的脚会感觉好些。分析句子结构可知，定冠词the后接名词，application，表示“涂抹；敷用”，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语，符合语境。故填application。 3．The room has been (thorough) cleaned, looking elegant. 【答案】thoroughly 【详解】考查副词。句意：房间已被彻底打扫过，看起来很优雅。本空修饰动词cleaned，作状语，用副词thoroughly“彻底地”。故填thoroughly。 4．He coughed up the candy that (stick) in his throat. 【答案】was stuck 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他咳出了卡在喉咙里的糖果。根据主句谓语“coughed up”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，“that ____ in his throat”是定语从句，修饰先行词the candy，“糖果”是“被卡在”喉咙里，此空应是一般过去时的被动语态was stuck，作从句谓语。故填was stuck。 5．The suitcase (crush) out of shape in the mail and couldn’t be used. 【答案】was crushed 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这个行李箱在邮寄过程中被压得变形了，不能再用了。crush(压坏，挤压变形)作谓语，与主语“The suitcase”之间是被动关系，结合并列谓语“couldn’t be used”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语用单数形式。故填was crushed。 6．They placed an (advertise) in the local paper for a secretary. 【答案】advertisement 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们在当地报纸上刊登了一则招聘秘书的广告。空处作动词place的宾语，提示词的名词形式advertisement“广告”符合，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填advertisement。 7．They have arranged (go) swimming the following day. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们已经安排好第二天去游泳了。短语arrange to do sth.表示“安排做某事”。故填to go。 8． (fortune), he was caught up in the traffic jam and late for the meeting. 【答案】Unfortunately 【详解】考查动词。句意：不幸的是，他被困在了交通堵塞中，因此未能按时参加会议。修饰整个句子，用副词形式。根据句意可知，用副词unfortunately，表示“不幸的是”。故填Unfortunately。 9．Viewed as an animal full of energy, the horse is a symbol of strong will and (persevere). 【答案】perseverance 【详解】考查名词。句意：马被视为充满活力的动物，象征着坚强的意志和毅力。a symbol of后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。persevere的名词形式为perseverance，为“毅力；坚持不懈”之意。故填perseverance。 10．The winners were given an (enthusiasm) welcome when they arrived home. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当获胜者到家时，他们受到了热烈的欢迎。空处修饰名词welcome，需用形容词enthusiastic“热情的，热烈的”，作前置定语。故填enthusiastic。 11．This event tests both physical and mental (endure). 【答案】endurance 【详解】考查名词。句意：这项活动既考验体力也考验脑力耐力。“physical and mental”为形容词短语，其后应接名词作宾语，所给词“endure”是动词，意为“忍受；忍耐”，其名词形式endurance意为“忍受；忍耐”符合语境，且enduranc”为不可数名词。故填endurance。 12． (crew) from several colleges will be competing in today’s race. 【答案】Crews 【详解】考查名词。句意：来自几所大学的队伍将参加今天的比赛。所给词crew作名词时，可表示“团队、队伍”，为可数名词。句中several colleges暗示对应的队伍不止一个，因此需用其复数形式crews。且位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Crews。 13．She stayed on at the school out of (loyal) to her students. 【答案】loyalty 【详解】考查名词。句意：出于对学生的忠诚，她留在了学校。out of是介词短语，意为“出于……（原因、动机等）”，通常后接名词，作宾语，形容词loyal的名词形式是loyalty，意为“忠诚”。故填loyalty。 14．The guard told us (rough) that we had to stand back. 【答案】roughly 【详解】考查副词。句意：警卫粗鲁地告诉我们，我们必须退后。句中谓语动词told需要用副词来修饰，作状语，形容词rough的副词形式是roughly，意为“粗鲁地”。故填roughly。 15．He packed up their personal (belong) and left. 【答案】belongings 【详解】考查名词。句意：他收拾好他们的个人物品然后离开了。句中personal后需接名词，所给词belong为动词，其对应的名词形式是belongings，常用复数，意为“财物、个人物品”，作宾语。故填belongings。 16．The matter is not as (complicate) as expected. 【答案】complicated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这件事并不像预期的那么复杂。作表语，用形容词complicated，故填complicated。 17．It is high time that the old educational systems (transform). 【答案】were transformed/should be transformed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：早就该把旧的教育体制改革了。It is high time that...是一个固定句型，意为“是时候做某事了”，that 从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时或should + 动词原形，且此处old educational systems与transform 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填were transformed/should be transformed。 18．I find the (compare) of life to a voyage quite proper. 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查名词。句意：我觉得将人生比作一次旅行这一比喻相当恰当。作动词的宾语，用名词comparison，故填comparison。 19．They seemed so young and (innocence). 【答案】innocent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们看起来那么年轻，又那么天真无邪。seemed是系动词，空处与young并列，需填形容词作表语，innocent是形容词，表示“天真的，无邪的”。故填innocent。 20．Young children often have difficulty expressing (them). 【答案】themselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：年幼的孩子常常在表达自我方面有困难。express oneself是固定短语，意为“表达自己的想法、情感等” ，这里主语是Young children，所以用反身代词themselves，在句中作expressing的宾语。故填themselves。 21． (literature) works of this kind are well received by the masses. 【答案】Literary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这类文学作品深受群众喜爱。提示词修饰名词works(作品)，用形容词literary作定语，意为“文学的”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Literary。 22．They arranged for a soldier (show) us around their military base. 【答案】to show 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们安排了一名士兵带我们参观他们的军事基地。arrange for sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“安排某人做某事”。故填to show。 23．What is the (long) of the classroom? （用适当的词填空） 【答案】length 【详解】考查名词。句意：教室的长度是多少？定冠词the后需接名词形式，long的名词为length，意为“长度”，不可数，故填length。 24．You can find (vary) reasons for your laziness. 【答案】various 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可以找到导致你懒惰的各种原因。修饰名词reasons，作定语，用形容词various。故填various。 25．She hoped to get a job in the army but (eventual) worked in the government. 【答案】eventually 【详解】考查副词。句意：她希望在军队里找到一份工作，但最终在政府部门工作。设空处修饰动词worked，应填副词eventually作状语。故填eventually。 26．The error and warning messages are shown in red and yellow (respective). 【答案】respectively 【详解】考查副词。句意：错误信息和警告信息分别以红色和黄色显示。空处修饰动词shown，需用副词respectively作状语，表示“分别地”。故填respectively。 27．The little boy gave a beautiful (recite) of some poems by Blake. 【答案】recitation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个小男孩漂亮地背诵了布莱克的几首诗。分析句子可知，空前为形容词beautiful，此处为名词recitation“朗诵，背诵”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填recitation。 28．The school holds various activities to promote (race) harmony among students from different countries. 【答案】racial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：学校举办各种活动来促进来自不同国家学生之间的种族和谐。此处在句中修饰名词harmony，故应用形容词“racial种族的”作定语，故填racial。 29．You can check out their (respect) sites for more information. 【答案】respective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可以查看他们各自的网站以获取更多信息。空处修饰名词sites，用形容词respective“各自的，分别的”，作前置定语。故填respective。 30．Her husband was (sympathy) at first but his patience soon wore thin. 【答案】sympathetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她丈夫起初表示同情，但不久他的耐心就逐渐消失了。本空在句中作表语，用形容词sympathetic“有同情心的”。故填sympathetic。 二、单词拼写 31．Most kids hate to take______________ (苦的) pills and mothers often think of some tricks. 【答案】bitter 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数孩子讨厌吃苦药，妈妈们常常会想出一些小妙招。根据汉语提示“苦的”，用形容词bitter，作定语修饰pills，故填bitter。 32．The ________ (球拍) has been used for years. I have to buy a new one. 【答案】bat 【详解】考查名词。句意：这只球棒已经用了好几年了。我得去买一根新的了。根据汉语提示可知用名词bat，作主语，根据后文has可知为单数。故填bat。 33．Downstairs there’s a breakfast room and guests can relax in the ______________ (温馨的) bar. 【答案】cosy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：楼下有一个早餐室，客人可以在温馨的酒吧里放松。根据汉语提示“温馨的”可知，用形容词cosy，修饰名词bar，作前置定语。故填cosy。 34．The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted, and we also need your ________ (指导) on the performance. 【答案】guidance 【详解】 考查名词。句意：这个情节的词汇和语法需要调整，我们也需要你在表演上的指导。根据汉语提示“指导”可知，应填名词guidance，作宾语，不可数。故填guidance。 35．If you put on _________ (潮湿的) clothes in such weather, you will probably catch a cold. 【答案】damp 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这种天气里，如果你穿着潮湿的衣服，很可能会感冒。根据汉语提示可知用形容词damp，修饰名词clothes作定语。故填damp。 36．She has passed all her exams and is a ______________ (有职业资格的) accountant now. 【答案】qualified 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她通过了所有考试，现在已是一名合格的会计师。空处修饰名词accountant，形容词qualified“有职业资格的”符合题意。故填qualified。 37．Holidays are expensive and, for those on low ________ (工资), they are often unobtainable. 【答案】wages 【详解】考查名词。句意：度假花费很高，对于那些低工资的人来说，假期通常是无法实现的。根据空前形容词low和汉语提示“工资”可知，空处应填名词wage，通常指按小时、周或月支付的报酬，常用复数形式，且句中表示多人的工资，空处用复数形式wages。故填wages。 38．In an attempt to find the lost treasure, they made a _________ (彻底的) search of the house. 【答案】thorough 【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了找到丢失的财宝，他们对房子进行了彻底的搜查。根据汉语提示可知是形容词thorough，修饰名词search作定语。故填thorough。 39．We must find ways to assure our children a ________ (相当不错的) start in life. 【答案】decent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们必须设法保证我们的孩子有一个相当不错的人生开端。“相当不错的”为形容词decent，作定语，修饰名词start，故填decent。 40．Unfortunately, all passengers ________ (在船上) fell into the river. 【答案】aboard 【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，船上所有乘客都掉进了河里。“aboard”作副词时，“在（船、飞机、火车等）上”为aboard，在此句中作后置定语。故填aboard。 41．________ (无论哪里) my friend goes, he can adapt himself to new circumstances quickly. 【答案】Wherever 【详解】考查让步状语从句引导词。句意：无论我的朋友走到哪里，他都能迅速适应新环境。根据汉语提示“无论哪里”，可知应用Wherever引导让步状语从句，在从句中作地点状语。首字母大写。故填Wherever。 42．She gave us her ________ (版本) of what had happened that day. 【答案】version 【详解】考查名词。句意：她向我们讲述了她对那天所发生事情的版本。根据汉语提示“版本”及空格前的动词“gave”和形容词性物主代词“her”可知，此处需用名词作宾语，“版本”对应的英文单词是version。故填version。 43．Jerry is an ________ (业余爱好者) who dances because he likes it. 【答案】amateur 【详解】考查名词。句意：杰里是一名业余爱好者，跳舞是因为自己喜欢。“业余爱好者”为名词amateur，作表语，由an可知，应用单数，故填amateur。 44．The professor asked me to give a lecture on ________ (戏剧). 【答案】drama 【详解】考查名词。句意：教授让我做一个关于戏剧的讲座。“戏剧”的英语是drama，在此表示抽象、整体的概念，是不可数名词，没有单复数的变化。故填drama。 45．When you get involved in sports and athletes, a lot of the ________ (种族的) barriers are broken down. 【答案】racial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你参与到体育运动和运动员相关事务中时，许多种族障碍就会被打破。根据汉语提示“种族的”，这里需用形容词racial修饰名词barriers，作定语。故填racial。 46．When the boss told him he would be laid off, his mind went____________ (空白的). 【答案】blank 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当老板告诉他要被解雇时，他的脑子一片空白。根据汉语提示可知用形容词blank，作表语。故填blank。 47．Wipe the mushrooms clean and thread them on a ________ (细绳). 【答案】string 【详解】考查名词。句意：把蘑菇擦干净，用细绳串起来。根据汉语提示“细绳”及空前的a，可知应填名词string，在句中作介词on的宾语。故填string。 48．As we all know, ________ (民间的) art covers a wide range. 【答案】folk 【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，民间艺术的范畴十分广泛。根据汉语提示可知用形容词folk，修饰名词art，作定语。故填folk。 49．This affects Chinese summer rainfall ________ (变化), particularly in north and northeast China. 【答案】variation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这影响了中国夏季的降雨量变化，尤其是在中国北部和东北部地区。根据汉语提示可知用名词variation，作宾语，不可数。故填variation。 50．The editor asked me to send her my article before the ________ (最后期限). 【答案】deadline 【详解】考查名词。句意：编辑要求我在最后期限前把我的文章发给她。根据空前定冠词the和汉语提示“最后期限”可知，空处应填名词deadline作宾语。故填deadline。 三、完成句子 51．Bicycles are environmentally because they won’t ________________. 自行车不会排放废气，因此它们是环保的。 【答案】give off waste gas 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“排放废气”，“排放”是give off，“废气”是waste gas，是不可数名词，won’t后跟动词原形，故填give off waste gas。 52．It will eventually lead to success ________________. 只要你坚持不懈，最终会成功的。 【答案】as long as you persevere 【详解】考查固定短语和动词。“只要”用as long as引导条件状语从句；“你”是you；“坚持不懈”用动词persevere；根据主句的一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故填as long as you persevere。 53．________________________________, you should put your heart into it. 无论做什么，你都要全身心去做。 【答案】No matter what you do 【详解】考查状语从句。表示“无论什么”用no matter what；主语为you；表示“做”用动词do，陈述事实用一般现在时，句首单词首字母大写。故填No matter what you do。 54．I have no objection to the plan, ________________________________________. 我不反对这个计划，只要不会花费太多钱。 【答案】as/so long as it would not cost too much 【详解】考查条件状语从句。“只要”使用as/so long as引导条件状语从句，“花费”使用动词cost，“太多钱”使用固定短语too much，此处表示对现在情况的虚拟，使用would do，故填as/so long as it would not cost too much。 55．________________ strengthened my resolve, 是她的坚韧不拔和无私奉献坚定了我的决心。 【答案】It was her perseverance and selfless devotion that 【详解】考查名词，形容词和强调句。根据汉语句意可知，空处需填“是她的坚韧不拔和无私奉献”的英语表达，可以用it is/was +被强调部分+that+其他部分的强调句表示，根据“strengthened”可知，句子用了一般过去时，故强调句中用was，“她的坚韧不拔”用名词her perseverance表示，“无私奉献”用selfless devotion表示，并列名词作主语，用and连接。故填It was her perseverance and selfless devotion that 56．你应该学会如何把理论与实践相结合。 You should learn  ________ theory________ practice. 【答案】 how to combine with 【详解】考查“疑问词 + 不定式”结构及固定搭配。“如何”用how，“把……与……相结合”表达为combine...with... 。这里how to combine theory with practice作learn的宾语，故填how to combine；with。 57．我喜欢他的报告，因为它简洁切题。 I like his presentation because it’s brief and ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 to the point 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“切题”短语为to the point。故填to the point。 58．在做出决定之前收集所有信息是明智的。 It ________ ________ to gather all the information before making a decision. 【答案】 makes sense 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。根据中英对比，该空为句子的谓语部分，需要表达“是明智的”，可使用动词短语make sense(合理的，明智的，有道理)，句子叙述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，主语it为单三人称，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填①makes②sense。 59．只有不断努力和进步，才能成就有意义的生活。 A life worth living should ________________. 【答案】be made up of continuous efforts and progress 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“由……组成（只有）”用动词短语be made up of，位于情态动词should后面，使用动词原形；表示“不断努力和进步”应用continuous efforts and progress。故填be made up of continuous efforts and progress。 60．My new teacher and classmates ________________. 我的新老师和新同学都很好相处。 【答案】are all easy to get along with 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。本句应用sb./sth. is+adj.+to do句型。“很好”可用easy；“相处”可用get along with，为固定搭配。本句陈述的是客观事实，主语My new teacher and classmates为复数，谓语用复数。故填are all easy to get along with。 四、语篇语法填空 A （25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Failing Successfully Two years ago I took part in a speech competition and I got the worst. Though losing the competition, I really wanted 1 (compete) again. I realized that finding the right topic was the most important part. It needs to be motivational and inspirational to the audience. So I reworked my speech for the 2 (follow) year, picking a different topic and spending countless hours polishing (润色) the speech, word 3 word. The next year I participated in 4 competition again. My speech went well and I hoped to do that a bit better this year. 5 (sad), my wish didn’t come true. The competition was so fierce that again I didn’t make 6 . The defeat was a bitter pill to swallow. I couldn’t accept the fact 7 I had failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on. However, one of the 8 (judge) said to me that my speech was quite good, but it needed to be 9   (good) if I wanted to go any further. He advised me to struggle to overcome something like some of the empty gestures. He said that I would surely succeed some day. Hearing such instructive and 10 (inspire) words, I knew I failed successfully. Losing is normal and part of life. This experience was not a fall but a slip. 【答案】 1．to compete 2．following 3．for 4．the 5．Sadly 6．it 7．that 8．judges 9．better 10．inspiring 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者两次参加演讲比赛均未获奖，但是收获很大，作者由此明白失败很正常，只要过程中有收获，就是一次成功的失败。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管输掉了比赛，但我还是非常渴望再次参赛。want to do sth.想要做某事。故填to compete。 2．考查形容词。句意：于是，我为接下来的一年重新修改了我的演讲稿，选择了不同的主题，并花费了无数的时间逐字打磨演讲稿。此处following是形容词，意为“接下来的”，修饰名词year。the following year意为“第二年”。 故填following。 3．考查介词。句意：于是，我为接下来的一年重新修改了我的演讲稿，选择了不同的主题，并花费了无数的时间逐字打磨演讲稿。word for word意为“逐字地，一字不差地”。 故填for。 4．考查冠词。句意：第二年我又参加了比赛。名词competition特指上文提到的比赛，所以要用定冠词the。故填the。 5．考查副词。句意：悲伤地，我的愿望没有实现。设空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，故用副词。sadly意为“悲伤地”。 故填Sadly。 6．考查代词。句意：比赛如此激烈，以至于我又一次未获成功。此处包含固定短语make it“获得成功”。 故填it。 7．考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：我无法接受自己在如此努力的事情上失败了两次的事实。设空处引导同位语从句，表示fact的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整。故填that。 8．考查名词复数。句意：然而，一位评委对我说，我的演讲相当不错，但要想更进一步，还需要做得更好。此处 judge意为“评委”，根据空前的one of the可知应该用名词的复数形式。故填judges。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，一位评委对我说，我的演讲相当不错，但要想更进一步，还需要做得更好。空前的my speech was quite good表明我的演讲已经很好，空后的if I wanted to go any further意为“如果我想走得更远”，由此可知我的演讲需要更好，所以应该用 good的比较级 better。故填better。 10．考查形容词。句意：听到这些富有指导意义和鼓舞人心的话语，我知道自己是成功地失败了。修饰名词words，用形容词形式。表示“有启发性的、鼓舞人心的”，用形容词inspiring。故填inspiring。 B （25-26高二下·云南曲靖·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A group of students from Beijing No. 4 High School recently visited a rural area in Hebei Province to volunteer as teachers. The program, 1 (organize) by the school’s student union, aimed to help children in 2 (need) improve their English skills. During their week-long stay, the volunteers taught English lessons, organized games, and shared stories about life in the city. “It was 3 eye-opening experience for me,” said Li Ming, one of the volunteers. “I realized that many children here are just as 4 (motivate) to learn as we are, but they don’t have the same resources.” The local children were 5 (extreme) enthusiastic about the visit. They actively participated in class activities and asked many questions 6 the volunteers. “I never knew learning English could be so much fun,” said Zhang Wei, a local student. “I hope 7 (see) them again.” The program has been running for three years and has benefited hundreds of students. “It’s a win-win situation,” said Ms. Wang, the program coordinator. “Our students gain valuable life experience, and the local children receive quality education that they 8 (not have) access to otherwise.” The success of the program has inspired other schools 9 (start) similar initiatives. “We hope to expand the program to more rural areas in the future,” Ms. Wang added. “Every child deserves a quality education, regardless of 10 they come from.” 【答案】 1．organized 2．need 3．an 4．motivated 5．extremely 6．about 7．to see 8．wouldn’t have 9．to start 10．where 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述北京四中学生赴河北乡村支教，助力当地孩子提升英语，实现互助成长。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目由学校学生会组织，旨在帮助困境中的儿童提高英语技能。此处为非谓语动词作定语，The program与organize为被动关系，所以用过去分词organized。故填organized。 2．考查名词。句意：该项目由学校学生会组织，旨在帮助困境中的儿童提高英语技能。此处为固定搭配in need，意为“在困境中、需要帮助的”，所以用名词need。故填need。 3．考查冠词。句意：这对我来说是一次大开眼界的经历。experience此处为可数名词单数，表示“一次经历”，为泛指，且eye-opening是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．考查形容词。句意：我意识到这里的许多孩子和我们一样有学习的积极性，但他们没有同样的资源。此处修饰人，表示“有积极性的、主动的”，用motivate的形容词形式motivated。故填motivated。 5．考查副词。句意：当地的孩子们对这次访问极为热情。此处修饰形容词enthusiastic，用extreme的副词形式extremely意为“极其”符合句意。故填extremely。 6．考查介词。句意：他们积极参与课堂活动，并就志愿者（相关情况）问了许多问题。此处为固定搭配ask questions about...，意为“询问关于……的问题”，所以用介词about。故填about。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望能再次见到他们。此处为固定搭配hope to do sth.，意为“希望做某事”，所以用动词不定式to see作宾语。故填to see。 8．考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的学生获得了宝贵的人生阅历，而当地孩子则获得了原本无法享受到的优质教育。此处为虚拟语气，表示与现实相反的情况，意为“原本不会有”，所以用wouldn’t have。故填wouldn’t have。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目的成功激励了其他学校开展类似活动。此处为固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.，意为“激励某人做某事”，所以用动词不定式to start作宾补。故填to start。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：每个孩子都应享有优质教育，无论他们来自哪里。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作介词of的宾语，从句中缺少地点状语，表示“哪里”，所以用连接副词where。故填where。 五、阅读理解 A （25-26高二下·湖南长沙·月考）Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The gap between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 1．What is the purpose of mentioning the famous people in paragraph 1? A．To display they were talented. B．To confirm they were out of favor. C．To encourage different career paths. D．To show poetry and science can be combined. 2．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do? A．Promote a new science-poetry journal. B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C．Encourage science communication through poems. D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 3．What does Illingworth think of the present ways of science communication? A．Complex. B．Creative. C．Effective. D．Traditional 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Take on Poetry B．Scientists and Poets Think Alike C．Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World D．Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. (数学家Ada Lovelace和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell都是颇有造诣的诗人。诗人John Keats是一名有执照的外科医生。在19世纪，将这两种实践结合起来就不再受欢迎了。)”可推知，如今人们常认为诗歌与科学互不相容，但历史上多位名人同时精通二者，提及他们是为了证明诗歌与科学是可以结合的。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. (通过研讨会和一本名为《Consilience》的新科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth正在帮助科学家们将他们的最新成果转化为诗歌，以吸引科学领域以外的人的欣赏。)”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学传播。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. (Illingworth也认同这一观点，他认为目前的科学传播活动往往过于依赖公开讲座和缺乏互动的PPT幻灯片。)”可推知，Illingworth认为现在的科学传播方式过于传统。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. (但是，当科学家们寻找用他们的发现来启发他人的替代方法时，将研究转化为歌词、俳句和其他诗歌形式的现象再次出现在科学家之中。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义，A项“Scientists Take on Poetry (科学家开始写诗)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 B （2026·安徽合肥·模拟预测）In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. What he didn’t know then was that the journey he thought would take eight years would stretch into a remarkable 27-year trek (跋涉) across continents, oceans and history. Now, after walking 36,000 miles, surviving the attack of polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating countless visa setbacks, the 56-year-old adventurer is finally on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Punta Arenas, Chile, trekking north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he attempted one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering Strait into Siberia. Armed with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to leap between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His challenges didn’t stop there. Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. With a support team and co-swimmer Angela Maxwell, Bushby spent 31 days completing the 179-mile crossing, swimming a total of 132 hours. After reaching Azerbaijan, he continued through Turkey, and now stands less than 2,000 miles from home. He hopes to recenter Europe this summer and walk into Hull by September 2026. Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find shelter. His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most extraordinary human endurance journeys ever attempted. 1．What does the underlined word “audacious” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Common. B．Meaningless. C．Ambitious. D．Practical. 2．Why did Bushby swim across the Caspian Sea? A．To set a new world record. B．To avoid the potential risk. C．To shorten the distance. D．To test his physical limits. 3．What does Bushby mean by saying “getting to know each other again”? A．It is awkward to see his family. B．It is too long since he left home. C．He feels regretful for traveling. D．He wants to accompany his family more. 4．What does the Goliath Expedition symbolize? A．The power of spirit. B．The need for recognition. C．The meaning of exploration. D．The importance of adaptation. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国冒险家卡尔·布什比从1998年开始，计划徒步从智利返回英国故乡，历经27年、跨越3.6万英里，克服无数艰难险阻，如今即将完成这一非凡壮举的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. (1998年，英国冒险家卡尔·布什比望着智利的一条路，定下了一个目标：不使用任何交通工具，一路步行回到英格兰的赫尔——这可谓audacious)”以及后文描述他花费27年、行走3.6万英里可知，这个目标非常大胆、有雄心。故划线词audacious意为“雄心勃勃的”，与“Ambitious”同义。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. (去年，当他无法安全穿越某个欧洲国家时，他接受了一项新的挑战——游泳横渡里海)”可知，布什比游泳横渡里海是为了避免穿越某国可能带来的安全风险。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. (他承认，在近三十年后回家，会感觉不真实)”和“He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”.(他29岁时离开，归来时已58岁。他说与家人重逢意味着“重新认识彼此”)”可推知，他说“getting to know each other again”的意思是自己离开家的时间太长了，重逢意味着要重新了解彼此。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. (他的使命被称为“歌利亚远征”，它历经了五位英国首相、一次全球卫生事件和无数次战争——但他的精神仍与1998年时一样坚强)”以及全文描述他克服的种种困难可知，“歌利亚远征”象征着精神的力量。故选A项。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 4~5（词汇综合练） （建议用时：60分钟） 一、单句语法填空 二、根据汉语意思写出单词的正确形式 三、完成句子 四、语篇语法填空 五、阅读理解 一、单句语法填空 1．These advancements reflect China’s (commit) to building a greener, more efficient transport system. 2．Your foot will feel better after the (apply) of this ointment. 3．The room has been (thorough) cleaned, looking elegant. 4．He coughed up the candy that (stick) in his throat. 5．The suitcase (crush) out of shape in the mail and couldn’t be used. 6．They placed an (advertise) in the local paper for a secretary. 7．They have arranged (go) swimming the following day. 8． (fortune), he was caught up in the traffic jam and late for the meeting. 9．Viewed as an animal full of energy, the horse is a symbol of strong will and (persevere). 10．The winners were given an (enthusiasm) welcome when they arrived home. 11．This event tests both physical and mental (endure). 12． (crew) from several colleges will be competing in today’s race. 13．She stayed on at the school out of (loyal) to her students. 14．The guard told us (rough) that we had to stand back. 15．He packed up their personal (belong) and left. 16．The matter is not as (complicate) as expected. 17．It is high time that the old educational systems (transform). 18．I find the (compare) of life to a voyage quite proper. 19．They seemed so young and (innocence). 20．Young children often have difficulty expressing (them). 21． (literature) works of this kind are well received by the masses. 22．They arranged for a soldier (show) us around their military base. 23．What is the (long) of the classroom? （用适当的词填空） 24．You can find (vary) reasons for your laziness. 25．She hoped to get a job in the army but (eventual) worked in the government. 26．The error and warning messages are shown in red and yellow (respective). 27．The little boy gave a beautiful (recite) of some poems by Blake. 28．The school holds various activities to promote (race) harmony among students from different countries. 29．You can check out their (respect) sites for more information. 30．Her husband was (sympathy) at first but his patience soon wore thin. 二、单词拼写 31．Most kids hate to take______________ (苦的) pills and mothers often think of some tricks. 32．The ________ (球拍) has been used for years. I have to buy a new one. 33．Downstairs there’s a breakfast room and guests can relax in the ______________ (温馨的) bar. 34．The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted, and we also need your ________ (指导) on the performance. 35．If you put on _________ (潮湿的) clothes in such weather, you will probably catch a cold. 36．She has passed all her exams and is a ______________ (有职业资格的) accountant now. 37．Holidays are expensive and, for those on low ________ (工资), they are often unobtainable. 38．In an attempt to find the lost treasure, they made a _________ (彻底的) search of the house. 39．We must find ways to assure our children a ________ (相当不错的) start in life. 40．Unfortunately, all passengers ________ (在船上) fell into the river. 41．________ (无论哪里) my friend goes, he can adapt himself to new circumstances quickly. 42．She gave us her ________ (版本) of what had happened that day. 43．Jerry is an ________ (业余爱好者) who dances because he likes it. 44．The professor asked me to give a lecture on ________ (戏剧). 45．When you get involved in sports and athletes, a lot of the ________ (种族的) barriers are broken down. 46．When the boss told him he would be laid off, his mind went____________ (空白的). 47．Wipe the mushrooms clean and thread them on a ________ (细绳). 48．As we all know, ________ (民间的) art covers a wide range. 49．This affects Chinese summer rainfall ________ (变化), particularly in north and northeast China. 50．The editor asked me to send her my article before the ________ (最后期限). 三、完成句子 51．Bicycles are environmentally because they won’t ________________. 自行车不会排放废气，因此它们是环保的。 52．It will eventually lead to success ________________. 只要你坚持不懈，最终会成功的。 53．________________________________, you should put your heart into it. 无论做什么，你都要全身心去做。 54．I have no objection to the plan, ________________________________________. 我不反对这个计划，只要不会花费太多钱。 55．________________ strengthened my resolve, 是她的坚韧不拔和无私奉献坚定了我的决心。 56．你应该学会如何把理论与实践相结合。 You should learn  ________ theory________ practice. 57．我喜欢他的报告，因为它简洁切题。 I like his presentation because it’s brief and ________ ________ ________. 58．在做出决定之前收集所有信息是明智的。 It ________ ________ to gather all the information before making a decision. 59．只有不断努力和进步，才能成就有意义的生活。 A life worth living should ________________. 60．My new teacher and classmates ________________. 我的新老师和新同学都很好相处。 四、语篇语法填空 A （25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Failing Successfully Two years ago I took part in a speech competition and I got the worst. Though losing the competition, I really wanted 1 (compete) again. I realized that finding the right topic was the most important part. It needs to be motivational and inspirational to the audience. So I reworked my speech for the 2 (follow) year, picking a different topic and spending countless hours polishing (润色) the speech, word 3 word. The next year I participated in 4 competition again. My speech went well and I hoped to do that a bit better this year. 5 (sad), my wish didn’t come true. The competition was so fierce that again I didn’t make 6 . The defeat was a bitter pill to swallow. I couldn’t accept the fact 7 I had failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on. However, one of the 8 (judge) said to me that my speech was quite good, but it needed to be 9   (good) if I wanted to go any further. He advised me to struggle to overcome something like some of the empty gestures. He said that I would surely succeed some day. Hearing such instructive and 10 (inspire) words, I knew I failed successfully. Losing is normal and part of life. This experience was not a fall but a slip. B （25-26高二下·云南曲靖·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A group of students from Beijing No. 4 High School recently visited a rural area in Hebei Province to volunteer as teachers. The program, 1 (organize) by the school’s student union, aimed to help children in 2 (need) improve their English skills. During their week-long stay, the volunteers taught English lessons, organized games, and shared stories about life in the city. “It was 3 eye-opening experience for me,” said Li Ming, one of the volunteers. “I realized that many children here are just as 4 (motivate) to learn as we are, but they don’t have the same resources.” The local children were 5 (extreme) enthusiastic about the visit. They actively participated in class activities and asked many questions 6 the volunteers. “I never knew learning English could be so much fun,” said Zhang Wei, a local student. “I hope 7 (see) them again.” The program has been running for three years and has benefited hundreds of students. “It’s a win-win situation,” said Ms. Wang, the program coordinator. “Our students gain valuable life experience, and the local children receive quality education that they 8 (not have) access to otherwise.” The success of the program has inspired other schools 9 (start) similar initiatives. “We hope to expand the program to more rural areas in the future,” Ms. Wang added. “Every child deserves a quality education, regardless of 10 they come from.” 五、阅读理解 A （25-26高二下·湖南长沙·月考）Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The gap between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 1．What is the purpose of mentioning the famous people in paragraph 1? A．To display they were talented. B．To confirm they were out of favor. C．To encourage different career paths. D．To show poetry and science can be combined. 2．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do? A．Promote a new science-poetry journal. B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C．Encourage science communication through poems. D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 3．What does Illingworth think of the present ways of science communication? A．Complex. B．Creative. C．Effective. D．Traditional 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Take on Poetry B．Scientists and Poets Think Alike C．Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World D．Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue B （2026·安徽合肥·模拟预测）In 1998, British adventurer Karl Bushby looked down a road in Chile and set a goal: walk all the way home to Hull, England — without using a single form of transport, which was audacious. What he didn’t know then was that the journey he thought would take eight years would stretch into a remarkable 27-year trek (跋涉) across continents, oceans and history. Now, after walking 36,000 miles, surviving the attack of polar bears, swimming across seas, and navigating countless visa setbacks, the 56-year-old adventurer is finally on the home stretch. Bushby began his adventure in Punta Arenas, Chile, trekking north through South and North America, eventually reaching Alaska. In 2006, he attempted one of the most dangerous legs of the journey: crossing the frozen Bering Strait into Siberia. Armed with a gun to scare off polar bears and forced to leap between moving blocks of ice, he achieved what few people on Earth have ever done. His challenges didn’t stop there. Last year, when he couldn’t safely travel through a European country, he took on a new challenge — swimming across the Caspian Sea. With a support team and co-swimmer Angela Maxwell, Bushby spent 31 days completing the 179-mile crossing, swimming a total of 132 hours. After reaching Azerbaijan, he continued through Turkey, and now stands less than 2,000 miles from home. He hopes to recenter Europe this summer and walk into Hull by September 2026. Returning home after nearly three decades, he admits, will feel unrealistic. He left when he was 29. He will return at 58. He says reuniting with family will mean “getting to know each other again”. Bushby walks an average of 30km a day and rests wherever he can find shelter. His mission, called the Goliath Expedition, has outlasted five UK prime ministers, a global health incident, and numerous wars — but his spirit remains as strong as it was in 1998. And the world is cheering him on as he enters the final chapter of one of the most extraordinary human endurance journeys ever attempted. 1．What does the underlined word “audacious” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Common. B．Meaningless. C．Ambitious. D．Practical. 2．Why did Bushby swim across the Caspian Sea? A．To set a new world record. B．To avoid the potential risk. C．To shorten the distance. D．To test his physical limits. 3．What does Bushby mean by saying “getting to know each other again”? A．It is awkward to see his family. B．It is too long since he left home. C．He feels regretful for traveling. D．He wants to accompany his family more. 4．What does the Goliath Expedition symbolize? A．The power of spirit. B．The need for recognition. C．The meaning of exploration. D．The importance of adaptation. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $