选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Humankind and Nature-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心单词&固定搭配背诵默写清单（冀教版）

冀教版 选择性必 课本同步 背诵+默 第1页 完整版 一、核心单词完整版 1. nature /'nertfa(r)/ 质 ★熟词生义：本性，天 sb./sth.) >搭配：by nature天 上；human nature人 3.balance /'baelans/ 使平衡 ★熟词生义：余额(b >搭配：keep a balan 在A和B之间保持平衡； 失去平衡；on balanc 5.threat/eret/n.同 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：pose a threa under threat受到威月 7.endangered /in' 的；有危险的 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：endangered 修第四册 Unit 5 Humankind and Nature 高考3500词汇&短语 写清单 背诵对照页 (含熟词生义) n.自然；天性；本 2.humankind/,hju:man'karnd/n,人类 (总称) 性(the nature of ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：the future of humankind人类的未 生地；in nature本质 来 性 n.平衡；余额vt. 4.harmony/ha:mani/n.和谐；协调 ★熟词生义：无 ank balance银行余额) >搭配：in harmony with与..和谐相处； ce between A and B live in harmony和睦相处 lose one's balance 总的来说 胁；恐吓 6.threaten/Oretn/vt.威胁；危及vi. 构成威胁 tto对…构成威胁； ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：threaten to do sth.威胁要做某事； be threatened with受到的威胁 ernd3d/adj.濒危 8.extinct /Ik'strnkt/adj.灭绝的；不再 活跃的 ★熟词生义：消失的，不复存在的(an extinct volcano死火山) species濒危物种 第1页/共9页 9.extinction/k'strnk/n/n.灭绝；消亡 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：face extinction面临灭绝；mass extinction大规模灭绝 11.ecosystem/"i:keusIstam/n.生态系 统 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：a balanced ecosystem平衡的生态 系统 13.survive/sa'varv/vi.生存；存活vt. 幸存；比…活得长 ★熟词生义：比.活得长(She survived her husband by ten years.) >搭配：survive on靠.生存；survive from从..中存活下来 15.conserve/kan's3v/t.保护；保存； 节约 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：conserve energy节约能源； conserve wildlife保护野生动物 17.preserve/prm'z3:v/vt.保护；保存； 保留 ★熟词生义：腌制(preserved vegetables 腌菜) >搭配：preserve..from..保护.免 受…；be well preserved保存完好 19.sustainable/s'sternabl/adj.可持续 的；能保持的 第2页 >搭配：become extinct灭绝；on the verge of extinction濒临灭绝 10.habitat /'haebrtaet/n. (动植物的) 栖息地，生长环境 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：natural habitat自然栖息地； habitat loss栖息地丧失 12.species/spi:z/n.物种；种类（单 复数同形) ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：a rare species稀有物种； endangered species濒危物种 14.survival/s'varvl/n.生存；幸存 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：the survival of the fittest适者生 存；survival rate存活率 16.conservation /,konsa'verfn/n. 护；保存 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：wildlife conservation野生动物保 护；conservation area保护区 18.reserve/r'z3:vln.保护区；储备vt. 预订；保留 ★熟词生义：预订(reserve a table订桌)； 储备(oil reserves石油储备) >搭配：nature reserve自然保护区；in reserve备用的 20.renewable/m'nju:abl/adj.可再生 的；可更新的 共9页 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：sustainable development可持续发 展 21.pollute/p3'lu:t/t.污染；弄脏 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：be polluted by被..污染 23.emission/i'mjn/n.排放（物） ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：carbon emissions碳排放；cut emissions削减排放 25.drought/drat/n.干旱；旱灾 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：suffer from drought遭受旱灾 27.disaster/dr'za:sta(r)/n.灾难；灾祸 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：natural disaster自然灾害； disaster relief救灾 29.damage/'daemId3/n.损害；损失 t.损害 ★熟词生义：损害赔偿金(pay damages支 付赔偿金) >搭配：do damage to对造成损害； damage one's health损害健康 31.witness/wItnas/n.目击者；证人 vt.目击；见证 ★熟词生义：见证(The year witnessed great changes.) 第3页 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：renewable energy可再生能源 22.pollution/pa'lujn/n.污染；污染物 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：air/water pollution空气/水污染； reduce pollution减少污染 24.Carb0n/ka:ban//n.碳 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：carbon footprint碳足迹；carbon dioxide二氧化碳；low-carbon低碳的 26.food/nd/n.洪水；大量t.淹没； 充满 ★熟词生义：大量，大批(a flood of letters 大量来信)；充满((flooded with充满) >搭配：flash flood山洪暴发；flood in大量 涌入 28.destroy/dr'stroI/vt.摧毁；毁灭 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：be destroyed by fire被大火烧毁 30.ruin/"ru:in/vt.毁坏；使破产n.废 墟；毁灭 ★熟词生义：废墟(in ruins成为废墟) >搭配：be in ruins成为废墟；ruin one's reputation毁掉名声 32.awareness/a'weanas/n,意识；认识 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：raise awareness of提高对.的意 识 共9页 >搭配：witness to sth.目击/见证某事； bear witness to为..作证 33.advocate/'aedvakert/vt.提倡；主张 n.提倡者 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：advocate doing sth.提倡做某事； an advocate for支持者 35.commitment /ka'mitmant/n. 诺；投入；奉献 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：make a commitment做出承诺； commitment to对..的承诺 37.alternative/:'t3:natrv/,n.替代方案 adj.可替代的 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：an alternative to.的替代品； have no alternative but to do别无选择只 能做 39.consumption /ken'sAmpfn/n. 耗；消费 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：energy consumption能源消耗； reduce consumption减少消费 二、 高考固定搭配完整版 1. in harmony with与…和谐相处 3. pose a threat to对…构成威胁 5. endangered species濒危物种 第4页 34.initiative/x'nifatrv/n.倡议；主动 性；主动权 ★熟词生义：主动性(take the initiative采 取主动) >搭配：take the initiative to do sth.主动 做某事 36.responsibility /rI.sponse'brlati/n. 任；职责 ★熟词生义：无 >搭配：take responsibility for对..负责； a sense of responsibility责任感 38.consume/kan'sju:m/vt.消耗；消 费；吃喝 ★熟词生义：吃喝(consume food and drink吃喝食物饮料) >搭配：consume energy消耗能源；time- consuming耗时的 40.waste/werst/n.废物；浪费vt.浪费 ★熟词生义：荒地(lay waste to摧毁) >搭配：a waste of time浪费时间；waste away消瘦 2.keep a balance between A and B在A和B之 间保持平衡 4.be threatened with受到…的威胁 6.become extinct灭绝 共9页 7.on the verge of extinction濒临灭绝 8.natural habitat自然栖息地 9.habitat loss栖息地丧失 I0.the survival of the fittest适者生存 l1.wildlife conservation野生动物保护 12.nature reserve自然保护区 13.preserve..from.保护.…免受… l4.sustainable development可持续发展 l5.renewable energy可再生能源 l6.carbon footprint碳足迹 17.carbon dioxide二氧化碳 18.low-carbon lifestyle低碳生活方式 l9.reduce pollution减少污染 20.carbon emissions碳排放 21.natural disaster自然灾害 22.do damage to对…造成损害 23.be in ruins.成为废墟 24.bear witness to为…作证/见证 25.raise awareness of提高对…的意识 26.advocate doing sth.提倡做某事 27.take the initiative to do sth.主动做某事 28.make a commitment做出承诺 29.take responsibility for对…负责 30.have no alternative but to do别无选择只 能做 31.energy consumption能源消耗 32.a waste of time浪费时间 33.survive on靠…生存 34.be aware of意识到 35.call on sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事 第2页 高考专项默写页 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.nature 2.harmony 3.threat 第5页/共9页 4.extinct 5.habitat 6.species 7.survive 6 conserve 9. preserve 10.reserve 11.sustainable 12.renewable 13.pollution 14.emission 15.drought 16.disaster 17.destroy 18.witness 19.advocate 20.alternative 熟词生义专项默写（高考高频陷阱默写） l.nature除了“自然”，还 2.balance除了“平衡”，还 3.extinct除了“灭绝的”， 可表示： 可表示： 还可表示： 4.survive除了“生存”，还 5.preserve除了“保护”， 6.reserve除了“保护区”， 可表示： 还可表示： 还可表示： 7.fo0d除了“洪水”，还可 8.damage除了“损害”，还 9.ruin除了“毁坏”，还可表 表示： 可表示： 示： 10.witnessl除了“目击者”， 11.initiative除了“倡议”， 12.consume除了“消耗”， 还可表示： 还可表示： 还可表示： 13.waste除了“浪费”，还可 表示： 三、 高考短语英汉互译默写 与…和谐相处 2.对…构成威胁 3.濒危物种 4.濒临灭绝 5.自然栖息地 6.适者生存 7.自然保护区 8.可持续发展 9.可再生能源 10.碳足迹 11.低碳生活方式 12.减少污染 第6页/共9页 13.碳排放 14.自然灾害 15.对…造成损害 16.成为废墟 17.为…作证/见证 18.提高对…的意识 19.提倡做某事 20.主动做某事 21.做出承诺 22.对…负责 23.别无选择只能做 24.能源消耗 25.靠…生存 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.We should live harmony with nature 2.Human activities pose a serious threat wildlife. 3.Many species are the verge of extinction. 4.We must preserve cultural heritage being damaged. 5.We should keep a balance economic growth and environmental protection. 6.The government has made a commitment reducing carbon emissions. 7.Everyone should take responsibility protecting the environment. 8.We have no alternative but (take)action immediately. 9.We should raise public awareness environmental protection. 10.The old factory was ruins after the earthquake. 11.Many animals survive small insects and plants. 12.We should advocate (use)renewable energy. 13.She took the initiative (organize)a cleanup campaign. 第7页/共9页 14.The flood did great damage the crops. 15.We should reduce our dependence fossil fuels. 参考答案 默写页对照答案 一、 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.自然；天性；本质 2.和谐；协调 3.威胁；恐吓 4.灭绝的；不再活跃的 5.(动植物的)栖息地，生长环6.物种；种类 境 7.生存；存活；幸存 8.保护；保存；节约 9.保护；保存；保留 10.保护区；储备 11.可持续的；能保持的 12.可再生的；可更新的 13.污染；污染物 14.排放（物） 15.干旱；旱灾 16.灾难；灾祸 17.摧毁；毁灭 18.目击；见证 19.提倡；主张 20.替代方案 二、熟词生义专项默写 (高考高频陷阱默写) 1.本性，天性 2.余额 3.消失的，不复存在的 4.比活得长 5.腌制 6.预订 7.大量，大批 8.损害赔偿金 9.废墟 10.见证 11.主动性 12.吃喝 13.荒地 三、高考短语英汉互译默写 1.in harmony with 2.pose a threat to 3.endangered species 4.on the verge of extinction 5.natural habitat 6.the survival of the fittest 7.nature reserve 8.sustainable development 9.renewable energy 10.carbon footprint 11.low-carbon lifestyle 12.reduce pollution 13.carbon emissions 14.natural disaster 第8页/共9页 15.do damage to 16.be in ruins 17.bear witness to 18.raise awareness of 19.advocate doing sth. 20.take the initiative to do sth. 21.make a commitment 22.take responsibility for 23.have no alternative but to do 24.energy consumption 25.survive on 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.in -We should live in harmony with nature. 2.to -Human activities pose a serious threat to wildlife. 3.on -Many species are on the verge of extinction 4.from -We must preserve cultural heritage from being damaged. 5.between -We should keep a balance between economic growth and environmental protection. 6.to-The government has made a commitment to reducing carbon emissions. 7.for -Everyone should take responsibility for protecting the environment. 8.to take -We have no alternative but to take(take)action immediately. 9.of -We should raise public awareness of environmental protection. 10.in -The old factory was in ruins after the earthquake. 11.on -Many animals survive on small insects and plants. 12.using -We should advocate using (use)renewable energy. 13.to organize -She took the initiative to organize (organize)a cleanup campaign. 14.to -The flood did great damage to the crops. 15.on We should reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. 第9页/共9页