必修第二册Unit 1 Nature Reading A-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心单词&固定搭配背诵默写清单（沪外版）

沪外版 必修第二册 Unit 1 Nature 课本同步高考3500词汇&短语 背诵+默写清单 第1页 完整版背诵对照页 一、核心单词完整版（含熟词生义） 1.nature/nertfa(r)/n,自然；天性；本 2.natural/'naetfral/adj,自然的；天生 质 的 ★熟词生义：n.本性，天性（高考常考）→ >短语：natural resources自然资源； It's human nature to.,这是人的天性… natural disaster自然灾害 >短语：in nature本质上；by nature天生 地 3.scenery/'si:nari/n.风景；景色（不 4.scene/sin/n.场景；现场；一幕 可数) ★熟词生义：n.现场→on the scene在现 ★易混：scenery(不可数)vs.scene(可 场 数)vs.view(可数) >短语：behind the scenes在幕后 5,view /vju:/n.视野；观点；风景vt. 6.landscape/laendskerp/n.风景；地 观看；看待 形 ★熟词生义：n.观点→in view of鉴于； point of view观点 >短语：in view of鉴于；come into view 进入视野 7.wildlife/'warldlarf/n,野生动植物 8.species/spi:z/n.物种（单复数同 形) ★高考陷阱：a species of+单数；many species of+复数 第1页/共10页 9.survive/sa'varv/vi.生存vt.幸存； 10.survival/s3'varvl/n.生存；幸存 比…活得长 >短语：survival of the fittest适者生存 ★熟词生义：t.比活得长→She survived her husband by ten years. >短语：survive on靠.生存；survive from从..留存下来 11.endangered/in'dernd?3ad/adj.濒危 12.habitat/'haebrtaet/n.栖息地 的 >短语：endangered species濒危物种 13.ecosystem/"i:kausIstam/n,生态系 14.balance/"baelans/n,平衡vt.使平衡 统 ★熟词生义：n.余额→check your bank balance >短语：keep a balance between A and B 保持A与B之间的平衡；lose one's balance 失去平衡 15.destroy/dr'strp/vt.破坏；毁灭 16.destruction/dr'strnkfn/n.破坏；毁 ★辨析：destroy(彻底毁灭)vs.damage 灭 (部分损坏)vs.ruin(逐渐毁坏) 17.threaten/Oretn/vt.威胁；危及 18.threat/eret/n.威胁 >短语：threaten to do sth.威胁要做某事 >短语：pose a threat to对.构成威胁 19.protect/pra'tekt/,vt.保护 20.protection/pra'tekn/n.保护 >短语：protect.from/against..保护. >短语：under the protection of在..的保 免受.… 护下 21.reserve/rr'z3vWn.保护区；储备vt. 22.preserve/pr'z3:v/vt.保护；保存； 预订；保留 保留 ★熟词生义：n.保护区→nature reserve ★辨析：preserve(保护使之保存完好)vs. 自然保护区 reserve (预订/保留) >短语：in reserve储备；reserve the right todo保留做某事的权利 第2页/共10页 23.conservation /,konsa'verfn/n. 24.concern/kan's3n/n.担忧vt.涉 护；保存 及；使担忧 ★熟词生义：vt.涉及→As far as I'm concerned就我而言 >短语：be concerned about担心；as far as.be concerned就..而言 25.aware/a'wea(r)/adj.意识到的；知 26.awareness/a'weanas/.n.意识 道的 >短语：raise awareness of提高对的意 >短语：be aware of意识到；raise 识 awareness提高意识 27.affect/a'fekt/vt.影响；感动 28.effect/r'fekt/n.影响；效果 ★辨析：affect(动词，影响)vs.effect(名 >短语：have an effect on对..有影响； 词，效果) take effect生效 29.reduce/rr'dju:slvt.减少；降低 30.recycle/,rir'sarkl/vt.回收利用 >短语：reduce.to..减少到； reduce..by..减少了.… 31.pollution/pa'lufn/n.污染 32.environment /In'varranmant/n. >短语：air/water/noise pollution空气/水/ 境 噪音污染 >短语：protect the environment保护环境 33.global/'glaubl/adj.全球的 34.climate/klarmat/n.气候 >短语：global warming全球变暖 ★辨析：climate(气候，长期)vs. weather(天气，短期) 35.resource/rr'ss/n.资源 36.energy/"enad3/n.能源；精力 >短语：natural resources自然资源 >短语：renewable energy可再生能源 37.sustainable/sa'sternabl/adj.可持续 38.damage/daemid3/n./t.损害；破 的 坏 >短语：sustainable development可持续发 >短语：do damage to对…造成损害 展 第3页/共10页 39.extinct/k'strnkt/adj.灭绝的 40.extinction/ik'strnk[n/n.灭绝 >短语：become extinct灭绝 二、高考固定搭配完整版 l.in nature本质上 2.by nature天生地 3.human nature人性 4.natural resources自然资源 5.natural disaster自然灾害 6.in view of鉴于；考虑到 7.come into view进入视野 8.behind the scenes在幕后 9.on the scene在现场 10.a species of+单数名词一种… 11.survive on靠…生存 12.survive from从…留存下来 13.survival of the fittest适者生存 14.endangered species濒危物种 l5.keep a balance between A and B保持A与B 16.lose one's balance失去平衡 之间的平衡 l7.threaten to do sth.威胁要做某事 18.pose a threat to对…构成威胁 l9.protect.from/against..保护.…免受.… 20.under the protection of在…的保护下 2l.nature reserve自然保护区 22.in reserve储备；备用 23.be concerned about担心；关心 24.as far as.be concerned就…而言 25.be aware of意识到 26.raise awareness of:提高对…的意识 27.have an effect on对…有影响 28.take effect生效 29.reduce.to.减少到… 30.reduce.by.减少了… 31.do damage to对…造成损害 32.become extinct灭绝 33.global warming全球变暖 34.renewable energy可再生能源 第4页/共10页 35.sustainable development可持续发展 第2页 高考专项默写页 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1. nature 2.natural 3.scenery 4. scene 5.view 6.landscape 7.wildlife 8.species 9. survive 10.survival 11.endangered 12.habitat 13.ecosystem 14.balance 15.destroy 16.destruction 17.threaten 18.threat 19.protect 20.protection 21.保护区 22.保护；保存 23.保护；保存 24.担忧；涉及 (conservation) 25.意识到的 26.意识（名词） 27.影响（动词） 28.影响；效果（名词） 29.减少 30.回收利用 31.污染 32.环境 33.全球的 34.气候 35.资源 36.能源 37.可持续的 38.损害 39.灭绝的 40.灭绝（名词) 二、 熟词生义专项默写（高考高频陷阱默写） l.nature除了“自然”外，2.scene除了“场景”外， 3.view除了“风景”外，还 第5页/共10页 还可意为： 还可意为： 可意为： 4.survive除了“幸存”外， 5.balance除了“平衡” 6. reserve除了“预订” 还可意为： 外，还可意为： 外，还可意为： 7.concern除了“担忧 8.affect与effect的区别： 9.climate与weather的区 外，还可意为： 别： 10.destroy/damage/ruin 的区别： 三、高考短语英汉互译默写 1.本质上 2.天生地 3.人性 4.自然资源 5.自然灾害 6.鉴于；考虑到 7.进入视野 8.在幕后 9.在现场 10.-种…(species) 11.靠…生存 12.从…留存下来 13.适者生存 14.濒危物种 15.保持A与B之间的平衡 16.失去平衡 17.威胁要做某事 18.对…构成威胁 19.保护…免受… 20.在…的保护下 21.自然保护区 22.储备；备用 23.担心；关心 24.就…而言 25.意识到 26.提高对…的意识 27.对…有影响 28.生效 29.减少到… 30.减少了… 31.对…造成损害 32.灭绝（动词短语） 第6页/共10页 33.全球变暖 34.可再生能源 35.可持续发展 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1. Pandas are danger of becoming extinct. 2.We should protect wild animals being hunted. 3.The new law will take next month. 4. Human activities have a great effect the environment. far as I'm concerned,we should take action immediately. 6.We must raise people's awareness environmental protection. 7.The number of endangered species has reduced 30%in the past decade. 8.Air pollution poses a serious threat our health. 9.We should keep a balance economic development and environmental protection. 10.Many species have become due to human activities. 11. nature,he is a shy person. 12.The old man survived his wife by five years. 13.We should reduce the use of plastic 50%. 14.The government has set up many nature to protect wildlife. 15.She was deeply concerned her son's safety 16.The company reserves the right change the plan. 17.We should be aware the importance of protecting the environment. 18.The destruction the forest has led to the loss of many species. 第7页/共10页 19.This species bird is found only in this area. 20.We should take measures to protect the environment being polluted. 参考答案 默写页对照答案 一、 单词英汉互译（基础义默写） 1.自然；天性 2.自然的；天生的 3.风景；景色 4.场景；现场 5.视野；观点 6.风景；地形 7.野生动植物 8.物种 9.生存；幸存 10.生存；幸存 11.濒危的 12.栖息地 13.生态系统 14.平衡 15.破坏；毁灭 16.破坏；毁灭 17.威胁 18.威胁 19.保护 20.保护 21.reserve 22.preserve 23.conservation 24.concern 25.aware 26.awareness 27.affect 28.effect 29.reduce 30.recycle 31.pollution 32.environment 33.global 34.climate 35.resource 36.energy 37.sustainable 38.damage 39.extinct 40.extinction 二、熟词生义专项默写（高考高频陷阱默写） 1.本性；天性 2.现场 3.观点 4.比..…活得长 5.余额 6.保护区 7.涉及 8.affect是动词，意为影响； 9.climate指长期气候； effect是名词，意为效果 weather指短期天气 10.destroy指彻底毁灭； damage指部分损坏；ruin指 逐渐毁坏 三、高考短语英汉互译默写 第8页/共10页 1.in nature 2.by nature 3.human nature 4.natural resources 5.natural disaster 6.in view of 7.come into view 8.behind the scenes 9.on the scene 10.a species of 11.survive on 12.survive from 13.survival of the fittest 14.endangered species 15.keep a balance between A and B 16.lose one's balance 17.threaten to do sth. 18.pose a threat to 19.protect...from/against... 20.under the protection of 21.nature reserve 22.in reserve 23.be concerned about 24.as far as...be concerned 25.be aware of 26.raise awareness of 27.have an effect on 28.take effect 29.reduce.to.… 30.reduce...by... 31.do damage to 32.become extinct 33.global warming 34.renewable energy 35.sustainable development 四、高频易错搭配挖空填空 1.in -Pandas are in danger of becoming extinct. 2.from -We should protect wild animals from being hunted. 3.effect -The new law will take effect next month. 4.on -Human activities have a great effect on the environment. 5.As -As far as I'm concerned,we should take action immediately. 6.of -We must raise people's awareness of environmental protection. 7.by -The number of endangered species has reduced by 30%in the past decade. 8.to -Air pollution poses a serious threat to our health. 9.between -We should keep a balance between economic development and environmental protection. 10.extinct -Many species have become extinct due to human activities. 11.By -By nature,he is a shy person. 12.from -The old man survived from his wife by five years. 第9页/共10页 13.by -We should reduce the use of plastic by 50%. 14.reserves -The government has set up many nature reserves to protect wildlife. 15.about -She was deeply concerned about her son's safety. 16.to -The company reserves the right to change the plan. 17.of -We should be aware of the importance of protecting the environment. 18.of -The destruction of the forest has led to the loss of many species. 19.of -This species of bird is found only in this area. 20.from -We should take measures to protect the environment from being polluted. 第10页/共10页