必修第三册Unit 2 Natural Disasters-2026-2027学年高中英语课时同步核心词汇&固定搭配&一词多义背诵清单（译林版）

译林版 必修第三册 Unit 2 Natural Disasters 课本同步高考3500核心词汇 +固定搭配+熟词生义汇总 核心单词50个 一高频固定搭配50组 一一词多义精讲20词 01 高考3500核心单词 音标·词性·常规义·熟词生义 1disa5ter1d'za:sta(0)/n.灾难，灾害 ★熟词生义：彻底失败的人/事（高考完形高频） 2 flood /fd/n.M洪水；淹没 ★熟词生义：大量涌入(flood in/into);充满(be flooded with) 3 drought/drat/n.千旱 ★高考生义：高考高频话题词，常与hit/strike连用 4 earthquake/'3:kweIk/n.地震 ★高考生义：高考话题核心词，常搭配strike/hit/rock 5 hurricane /'harkan/,n.飓风 ★高考生义：高考话题词，常与hit/strike/tear through连用 6 typhoon/tar'fu:n/n.台风 ★高考生义：高考话题词，常与strike/hit/blow连用 7 tornado/tb:'nerda/n.龙卷风 ★高考生义：高考话题词，复数tornadoes/tornados 8 landslide/laendslard/n.山体滑坡；压倒性胜利 ★熟词生义：压倒性胜利(win by a landslide) 第1页/共9页 9 volcano /vol'keIna/n.火山 ★高考生义：高考话题词，常与erupti连用 10 erupt/r'rpt/(火山)爆发；（战争等）爆发 ★熟词生义：突然发生（暴力/冲突） 11 rescue /'reskju:/w/n.救援，营救 ★高考高频搭配：常考come/go to one's rescue 12 survivor/sa'vaIVa(r)/n.幸存者 ★高考高频搭配：动词survive:为高考必考 13 survive/s3'vaIv/u幸存；比..活得长 ★熟词生义：比…活得长(survive sb.by) 14 damage /'daemrd:3//n.损害，破坏 ★熟词生义：损害赔偿金（复数damages) 15 destroy/dr'stroI/摧毁，毁灭 ★高考高频搭配：区分damage/,destroy/ruin 16 ruin'ru:n//n.毁坏；废墟 ★熟词生义：破产；毁灭(be in ruins) 17 shelter /'felta(r)/n./避难所；庇护 ★熟词生义：躲避(shelter from) 18 evacuate/r'vaekjueIt/M疏散，撤离 ★高考高频搭配：常考evacuate sb.from. 19 warning /'w:nrn/n.警告，预警 ★高考高频搭配：常考issue/give a warning 20 victim/vIktrm/n.受害者，牺牲品 ★熟词生义：牺牲品(fall victim to) 第2页/共9页 21 collapse/ka'leps/u/n.倒塌；崩溃 ★熟词生义：突然失败；病倒 22 trap /traep/v./n. 困住；陷阱 ★熟词生义：使陷入困境(be trapped in) 23 strike/straIk/v./n.袭击；罢工；打动 ★熟词生义：突然想到(It strikes sb.that…);打动 24 hit /hit/,u/n.袭击；打击；成功 ★熟词生义：突然袭击(hit+地点)；成功之作 25 sweep/swip/u席卷；打扫 ★熟词生义：席卷(sweep across/through);横扫 26 bury /beri/埋葬；掩埋 食熟词生义：隐藏(bury one's face in hands).;专心于(bury oneself in) 27 panic'paenIk/,n./M恐慌 ★熟词生义：惊慌失措(in a panic);panicked:为形容词 28 chaos/keIps/n.混乱 ★高考高频搭配：常考in chaos 29 emergency/r'm3:d3ansi/n.紧急情况 ★高考高频搭配：常考in case of emergency 30 aid/erd/n./M援助；帮助 ★熟词生义：first aid急救；with the aid of 31 relief /i:f/n.救济；宽慰 ★熟词生义：宽慰(to one's relief);缓解 32 donate/dav'nert/,捐赠 ★高考高频搭配：常考donate sth.tosb. 第3页/共9页 33 charity /'tfaerati/.n.慈善机构；慈善 ★高考高频搭配：常考charity event/organization 34 volunteer/,vplan'tra(r)/n./M志愿者；自愿做 ★高考高频搭配：常考volunteer to do sth. 35 recover/rI'kAva(r)/恢复；康复 ★熟词生义：恢复(recover from);找回 36 rebuild/,ri:'brld/重建 ★高考高频搭配：常考rebuild one's life 37 threat/eret/n.威胁 ★高考高频搭配：常考pose a threat to 38 threaten/Oretn/威胁；危及 ★高考高频搭配：常考threaten to do sth. 39 predict/prr'drkt/v预测 ★高考高频搭配：常考predict that.;It is predicted that.. 40 monitor /'mpnita(r)//n.监测；班长 ★熟词生义：监测(monitor the situation);班长 41 measure/me3a(r)ln./M措施；测量 ★熟词生义：措施(take measures to do);衡量标准 42 warning sign/wp:nIn saIn/n.预警信号 ★高考生义：高考话题词 43 magnitude/'maegnitju::d/n.震级；重要性 ★熟词生义：重要性(of great magnitude) 44 aftershock/'a:ftaJpk/n.余震 ★高考生义：高考话题词 第4页/共9页 45 epicenter'eprsenta(r)/n.震中 ★高考生义：高考话题词 46 casualty/'ke3 ualti/n.伤亡人员 ★高考高频搭配：常考casualties 47 infrastructure /'frastrktfa/n.基础设施 ★高考生义：高考话题词 48 precaution/prr'kojn/n.预防措施 ★高考高频搭配：常考take precautions 49 sustainable/sa'steinabl/adj.可持续的 ★高考生义：高考热门话题词 50 casualty/ke3 ualti//n.伤亡人员 ★高考高频搭配：常考casualties 02 单词绑定高考高频固定搭配 共50组 01 natural disaster|自然灾害 02 be hit/struck by a disaster|遭受灾害袭击 03 flood in/,into|大量涌入 04 be flooded with|充满，被…淹没 05 go to one's rescue|去营救某人 06 come to one's rescue|来营救某人 07 survive the disaster|在灾难中幸存 08 survive on|靠…生存 09do/cause damage to|对…造成损害 10 damage one's health|损害健康 11 destroy one's hope|破灭某人的希望 12 be in ruins|成为废墟 13 fall into ruin|毁灭，崩溃 14 take shelter from|躲避.… 15 seek shelter|寻找避难所 16 evacuate sb.from.|把某人从…撤离 17 give/issue a warning|发出警告 18 without warning|毫无征兆地 第5页/共9页 19 fall victim to|成为…的牺牲品 20 be trapped in|被困在， 21 set a trap for|为…设陷阱 22 be struck by|被…击中；被…打动 23 It strikes sb.that.|某人突然想到… 24 hit the area|袭击该地区 25 sweep across/through|席卷 26 be buried in|被埋在；专心于 27 bury oneself in|埋头于… 28 in a panic|惊慌失措地 29 in chaos|处于混乱中 30 in case of emergency|万一发生紧急情况 31 first aid|急救 32 with the aid of|在.…的帮助下 33 come to one'said|帮助某人 34 to one's relief|令某人宽慰的是 35 provide relief for|为…提供救济 36 donate sth.tosb.|向某人捐赠某物 37 volunteer to do sth.I自愿做某事 38 recover from|从…中恢复 39 rebuild one's life|重建生活 40 pose a threat to|对…构成威胁 4们threaten to do sth.I威胁要做某事 42 predict that..|预测… 43 It is predicted that..|据预测 44 monitor the situation|监测局势 45 take measures to do sth.|采取措施做某事 46 take precautions against|采取预防措施 47 of great magnitude|重要性很大的 48 raise awareness of I提高对…的意识 49 prepare for|为…做准备 50 respond to|对…做出反应 03 本单元/本模块高考重点一词多义精讲 真题必考 1 strike 2 hit ①袭击（灾难/疾病）：The earthquake struck ①袭击（灾难）：A powerful typhoon hit the the city at dawn.地震在黎明时分袭击了这座城 coast.一场强台风袭击了海岸。 市。 ②成功之作：The song became a hit overnight. ②突然想到：It struck me that I had left the door 这首歌一夜之间成为热门。 open.我突然想到我忘了关门。 第6页/共9页 ③打动，给..留下印象：I was struck by her ③打击：Losing the job was a big hit to him.失 kindness..我被她的善良打动了。 去工作对他是个巨大打击。 ★高考陷阱：strike-struck--struck;易与stick ★高考陷阱：hit-hit-hit;hit the area/coast为高 (粘贴)混淆。 频搭配。 3 survive 4 damage ①幸存：Only a few survived the earthquake.只 ①损害（可恢复）：The flood caused serious 有少数人在地震中幸存。 damage to the crops.洪水对庄稼造成了严重损 ②比...活得长：She survived her husband by 害。 ten years.她比丈夫多活了十年。 ②损害赔偿金（复数）：He was ordered to pay damages.他被判支付损害赔偿金。 ★高考陷阱：survivel后不接from;survive sb.by +时间。 ★高考陷阱：damage作“损害”时不可数； damagesi意为“赔偿金”。 5 ruin 6 trap ①毁坏（不可恢复）：The fire ruined the whole ①困住：Rescue workers freed those trapped in building.大火毁了整栋楼。 the rubble.救援人员救出了被困在废墟中的人。 ②废墟（复数）：The city lay in ruins after the ②陷阱：The police set a trap for the thief..警方 war.战后这座城市成了一片废墟。 为小偷设下陷阱。 ③破产：The company was in ruins..公司破产 ★高考陷阱：be trapped in为高频被动结构。 了。 ★高考陷阱：in ruins为固定搭配；ruin指彻底毁 坏。 7 panic 8 relief ①恐慌（名词）：The crowd was in a panic..人群 ①宽慰：To my relief,everyone was safe.令我宽 陷入了恐慌。 慰的是，大家都很安全。 ②惊慌（动词）：Don't panic!不要惊慌」 ②救济：The government provided relief for the victims.政府为受害者提供了救济。 ★高考陷阱：panicked/panicking双写k;ina panic为固定搭配。 ★高考陷阱：to one's relief为高频短语；relief不 可数。 9 measure 10 aid ①措施（名词）：The government took ①援助（名词）：They sent aid to the disaster measures to prevent flooding.政府采取措施防止 area.他们向灾区运送了援助物资。 第7页/共9页 洪水。 ②帮助（动词）：The medicine aided his ②测量（动词）：The room measures5 meters recovery..这药帮助他康复了。 by4.这个房间长5米宽4米。 ★高考陷阱：first aid急救；with the aid of; ★高考陷阱：take measures to do为高频； come to one's aid。 measure作“措施”时用复数。 11 sweep 12 bury ①席卷：The storm swept across the whole ①掩埋：Many people were buried under the province.风暴席卷全省。 ruins.许多人被埋在废墟下。 ②打扫：She swept the floor..她扫了地。 ②专心于：He buried himself in his studies.他埋 头于学习。 ★高考陷阱：sweep-.swept-swept;:sweep across/through为高频。 ★高考陷阱：be buried in/,bury oneself in为高 频。 13 collapse 14 threaten ①倒塌：The bridge collapsed under the ①威胁：He threatened to leave.他威胁要离开。 weight.桥在重压下倒塌了。 ②危及：The flood threatened the village.洪水 ②崩溃：The economy collapsed.经济崩溃了。 危及村庄。 ③病倒：She collapsed from overwork.她因过度 ★高考陷阱：threaten to do sth.;pose a threat 劳累病倒了。 to。 ★高考陷阱：collapse为不及物动词，无被动。 15 predict 16 recover ①预测：Scientists predict that the earthquake ①康复：He is recovering from his injuries.他正 will happen.科学家预测地震将会发生。 在从伤病中康复。 ②据预测：It is predicted that the typhoon will ②找▣：The police recovered the stolen money. hit tonight.据预测台风今晚登陆。 警方找回了被盗的钱。 ★高考陷阱：It is predicted that..为高频句型。 ★高考陷阱：recover from为高频；recover oneself恢复镇定。 17 shelter 18 warning ①避难所：They took shelter in a cave.他们在山 ①警告：The government issued a warning 洞里避难。 about the flood.政府发出了洪水警告。 第8页/共9页 ②躲避：We sheltered from the rain under a ②毫无征兆：The earthquake struck without tree.我们在树下躲雨。 warning.地震毫无征兆地发生了。 ★高考陷阱：take shelter from;shelter from为 ★高考陷阱：without warning为高频短语。 高频搭配。 19 victim 20 volunteer ①受害者：The victims of the earthquake need ①志愿者：Many volunteers went to the disaster help.地震受害者需要帮助。 area.许多志愿者前往灾区。 ②牺牲品：He fell victim to the disease.他成了这 ②自愿做：She volunteered to help.她自愿帮 种疾病的牺牲品。 忙。 ★高考陷阱：fall victim to:为高频短语。 ★高考陷阱：volunteer to do sth.为高频搭配。 第9页/共9页