Unit 3 Period 2 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Please deliver the goods to my home as soon as possible. 2．They have made all the arrangements(安排) for the conference. 3．The local government is aware(知道的) of what occurred in this region. 4．It is true that people who speak English are in the majority in Canada. 5．The shop assistant asked me whether I would pay in cash or by card. 6．We’ve received favourable comments(评论) from many of our readers. 7.Obviously，as an official you are the right person to deal with the affair(事件)． 8．The engineer spent most of his time developing new software(软件) for the company. 9．The man removed(脱去) his jacket and jumped into the river to rescue that drowning boy. 10．The documents are ready，and whoever needs them has access(进入权，使用权) to them now. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields，so it is not often accessible.(access) 2．In order to increase people’s awareness of environmental protection，we must make people around us aware of its importance first.(aware) 3．Hunan is a major agricultural province，the majority of whose population is concentrated in rural areas.(major) 4．The boss arranged for Tom to attend the negotiation，but Tom didn’t follow the arrangement.(arrange) 5．Please deliver the goods at the appointed time and your early delivery will be appreciated.(deliver) 6．Our company has established a board recently and the establishment of the board is a milestone in the development of our company.(establish) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Learning to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.(动名词短语作主语) 学会批判性思考是当今的孩子们在未来需要的一种重要技能。 2．Only in this way can our honour be saved！(部分倒装) 只有这样才能保住我们的荣誉！ 3．While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three are given to me as gifts, which may add to the meaning I attach to them.(while) 虽然我往往会买很多书，但这三本书是别人送我的礼物，为此我可能会赋予它们额外的意义。 access n．机会；权利；入径，通道 vt.到达；进入；使用(accessible adj.可接近的，可进入的；可使用的) •have/get/obtain/gain access to...拥有/获得……的机会；可以接近/进入 access to...接近……的机会；进入……的权利 •be accessible to...对于……可接近的，可靠近的；可使用的 (1)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ)As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. (2)Obviously，these documents in this file are not accessible(access) to the public. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，where you can gain/have/get/obtain access to the best Chinese culture. 鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到顶尖的中国文化。 (4)Not only do we have free access to basketball courses，but also our school holds various kinds of sports competitions. 我们不仅有机会免费学篮球课程，而且我们学校也会举办各种各样的体育比赛。 majority n．大部分，大多数；多数票(major vi.主修 adj.主要的；重要的 n．主修课程；主修学生) •a/the majority of大部分；大多数 in a/the majority占大多数 •major in主修…… 注意：(1)majority作主语时，若侧重于整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若侧重于个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。 (2)a/the majority of后跟可数名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数；后跟不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 (1)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)However，the majority of people are(be) effective speakers because they train to be. (2)Only a minority in that city don’t have a car while the people taking subway to work are in the majority. (3)As far as I know，Mary is majoring in French at Stanford University. (4)Generally speaking，if you look at the audience at a classical concert，most of them are over the age of fifty. →Generally speaking，if you look at the audience at a classical concert，the majority of them are over the age of fifty. deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出；助产，接生；分娩(delivery n．传送；递送；交付；分娩) deliver sth to sb把某物递送给某人 deliver a speech/lecture发表演讲/授课 deliver a baby接生 be delivered of＝give birth to生……；分娩 (1)The shop owner will deliver all these ordered goods to the customers today. (2)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)A few days later，the machine was delivered (deliver) to Mrs Meredith’s doorstep. (3)According to the post on the site，the popular comic was delivered of a healthy baby last week. (4)Lin Qiaozhi，tired after a day’s work，went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family for free. 在劳累了一天之后，林巧稚又在深夜去为一户贫苦家庭的产妇免费接生。 (5)Word came that the official would deliver a speech/lecture about environmental problems. 有消息传出这位官员将会发表关于环境问题的演讲。 arrangement n．安排；布置；约定；排列(arrange vt.& vi.安排；布置；筹备) •make arrangements for为……作安排 •arrange for sb to do sth安排某人做某事 arrange sth for sb/sth为某人/某活动安排好某事 arrange to do sth安排做某事 (1)Up to now everything for the conference to be held tomorrow has been arranged(arrange)．I have arranged for John to pick up the experts at the airport.Then I’m to arrange to meet(meet) Mr Smith.In a word，all the arrangements(arrange) we made are completed. (2)(应用文写作之人物描写)Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.父母为孩子安排一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。 (3)(2021·全国甲)Our school is to make arrangements for a theme class meeting to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.我们学校将筹备向外国友人介绍中国传统文化的主题班会。 instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的 n．瞬间，片刻；某一时刻(instantly adv.立刻，立即，马上) in an instant立即，马上 the instant＋从句 一……就…… (1)In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water. (2)(2020·浙江，读后续写)We instantly(instant) stepped away and ran as fast as we could to the helicopter. (3)(应用文写作之传统文化)一听到要体验中国茶文化，我们都很兴奋。 ①The instant/Instantly we heard that we would experience Chinese tea culture，we were all excited.(instant) ②On hearing that we would experience Chinese tea culture，we were all excited.(on doing) ③As soon as we heard that we would experience Chinese tea culture，we were all excited.(as soon as) comment n．议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt.表达意见 •comment on/upon对……进行评论 •make a comment/comments on/about...对……进行评论 make no comment on/about...不对……进行评论 no comment无可奉告(常用于回答记者的提问) (1)These women are always commenting on/upon the goods bought on the Internet. (2)当被问及对这个消息的反应时，这位领导拒绝对事故发表评论。 ①When asked about his reaction to the news，the leader refused to comment on/upon the accident.(comment vi.) ②When asked about his reaction to the news，the leader refused to make a comment/comments on/about the accident.(comment n．) aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的(awareness n．意识) •be/become aware of意识到；觉察；了解 be aware that...意识到/知道…… make sb aware of使某人意识到 •raise one’s awareness提高某人的意识 (1)(应用文写作之环境保护)We are fully aware that it is necessary for us to carry out a low-carbon economy in our daily life. (2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ)The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness(aware)，and healthy lifestyles. (3)(应用文写作之人物描写)It was Mr Liu who made me aware of the importance of learning English well. 是刘老师使我意识到了学好英语的重要性。 “have sth done”结构 教材原句　You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。(P31) have sth done意为“使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇了某种不幸”。在此结构中过去分词作宾语补足语。have的常见搭配如下： have/let/make sb do sth＝get sb to do sth使/让某人做某事 have sb/sth doing sth使/让某人/某物一直做某事(与can’t连用表“不允许，不容忍”) have sth to do有某事要做 (1)Our math teacher has us hand(hand) in our homework before 9 pm every day. (2)Our teacher can’t have us wasting our time.So I intend to take up various activities，through which I can have my horizons broadened. 我们老师不允许我们浪费时间。因此，我打算参加各种各样的活动来开阔我的视野。 (3)(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)I had nothing special to do that summer，and as a consequence，I worked on the nearby farm to earn some extra money to support my family. 那个夏天我没有什么特别的事可做，因此，我就在附近的农场打工，挣些额外的钱来补贴家用。 “no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句 教材原句　No matter where we are，we are able to keep in contact with loved ones，find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.不管身在何处，我们都能与所爱之人保持联系，找到久违的朋友，发现兴趣相投的新群体。(P31) 本句中No matter where意为“不管(在)哪里，无论(在)哪里”，引导让步状语从句，相当于wherever。 •“no matter＋特殊疑问词(who/what/where/when等)”引导让步状语从句，可以与wh-ever互换。 •引导让步状语从句 •whatever、whichever、who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。 •no matter what、no matter which、no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。 (1)(2021·全国乙)Unlike friendships that can fade or break，I know I’ll always be connected to my mother no matter what I face. (2)Every year，whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. (3)(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ)Whatever it is，no matter how small it might seem，write it down. (4)(读后续写之人物描写)Nobody is more concerned about us than our parents，who are willing to come to our assistance no matter when/whenever we are in trouble. 没有人比我们的父母更关心我们，无论何时我们有困难他们总会乐于帮助我们。 “only＋介词短语”位于句首构成倒装句 教材原句　Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery，wonder and inspiration for everyone.唯有如此，互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。(P31) “only＋状语(副词、介词短语)/状语从句”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。 注意：如果only修饰的不是状语，即使放在句首句子也不倒装。 (1)(应用文写作之发言稿)In conclusion，only by being smart online learners can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology. 总之，只有成为聪明的在线学习者，我们才能真正享受现代技术的好处。(2021·全国乙) (2)(应用文写作之人际关系)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. 只有当你能找到内心的平静时，你才能与他人保持良好的关系。 (3)Only then did I realize how important such a little thing as cleaning the houses was. 直到那时我才意识到打扫房子这样一件小事是多么重要。 (4)Only she can do it well，for she is more experienced. 只有她才能把它做好，因为她更有经验。 Ⅰ.一词多义 take off A.飞机起飞　B.事业腾飞　C.休假　D.迅速流行 1．With the Internet taking off，a lot of new Internet words appear. D 2．When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A 3．I was pleased to take five days off the next week. C 4．Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Many people text while driving，leading to numbers of accidents every year.发短信 2．It was a beautiful recipe for how to keep a marriage.秘诀，诀窍 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．To a certain extent，a friend in need is a friend indeed. 2．To my disappointment，he made no comment on/about my new haircut. 3．People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage. 4．He had his arm broken(break) after falling off the roof. 5．You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly：those are the two alternatives. 6．Compared(compare) to the previous study，the new study expanded research subjects. 7．Jack will arrange for a taxi to pick us up at 10 o’clock at the bus station. 8．The topic brought up by him is under discussion now. 9．Up to now，our country has established(establish) diplomatic relations with over 170 countries. 10．People set about rebuilding(rebuild) their new home with the help of the government. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．She thinks only of herself.That is to say，she doesn’t care about other people. 2．No wonder the children are excited—this is the first time that they have been abroad. 3．The difference of opinions doesn’t lie in when we will set off but in how we can get there. 4．When we meet with problems，we often turn to families or friends for advice and help. 5．I always keep in contact with Jane.She is very important to me. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——因特网) 1．显然，因特网正在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。(obviously) Obviously，the Internet is playing an important part/role in our daily life. 2．大部分学生用因特网搜索信息并和他人交流。(a majority of) A majority of students use the Internet to search for information and communicate with others. 3．然而，一些学生花费太多的时间玩网络游戏。(spend) However，some students spend too much time playing online games. 4．出于好奇，一些学生在网络上接触到不健康的信息。(get access to) Out of curiosity，some students get access to unhealthy information on the Internet. 5．关于怎么好好利用网络，学生们确实需要合适的指导方针。(guideline) Students do need proper guidelines on how to take good advantage of the Internet. Ⅳ.阅读理解 Microsoft greeted the start of a new era for the Internet last night，saying that it would improve its search engine and browser using artificial intelligence.The technology behind the viral ChatGPT service will be integrated into the American software group’s products. Bing，Microsoft’s search site，and Edge，its online browser(浏览器)，would be upgraded to generate everything from recipes and shopping suggestions to draft emails and social media posts in response to inquiries from users，the company said. Microsoft revealed its plans a day after Google had announced Bard，its own chatbot，and promised further to integrate AI into its search engine.The two companies are racing to dominate AI，betting that it will revolutionise the way in which people gather information online.“Rapid innovation is going to come，” said Satya Nadella，chairman and chief executive of Microsoft.“AI will fundamentally change every software category，starting with the largest category of all：search.” Bing would be powered by AI，and the new iteration will answer questions in a similar，conversational fashion to ChatGPT，Microsoft said.It could draft a plan for a trip to Mexico，for example，before estimating the cost and drafting an email setting out the plan for other travellers，in response to follow-up inquiries.Other queries suggested by Microsoft included whether an Ikea loveseat would fit into a 2019 Honda Odyssey and what an electronic music fan’s first festival should be. A panel in the company’s Edge browser will be able to compose messages or social media posts for users，based on commands regarding content，tone，format and length. Analysts have suggested that AI could transform online search and could pose a serious threat to Google，the market leader.Bing is trying to overtake Google after enduring years in its shadow.Google，which is owned by Alphabet，once claimed that the most searched-for term on Bing was “Google”． 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微软昨晚迎来了互联网新时代的开始，表示将利用人工智能改进其搜索引擎和浏览器。人工智能可能会改变在线搜索，并可能对市场领导者谷歌构成严重威胁。 1．How would Microsoft update its products? A．Combine its search engine and browser. B．Release new search engines and browsers. C．Equip them with the latest AI technology. D．Update its service based on users’ inquiries. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知，微软将为它们配备最新的人工智能技术来更新其产品。故选C。 2．What would Satya Nadella probably agree with? A．AI will take on the responsibility to improve software. B．The application of AI will change people’s lives rapidly. C．A search engine is the most important software for computers. D．People’s way of gathering information online has completely changed. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The two companies are racing to dominate AI，betting that it will revolutionise the way in which people gather information online.‘Rapid innovation is going to come，’ said Satya Nadella，chairman and chief executive of Microsoft.”可推知，萨蒂亚·纳德拉可能会同意的观点是：人工智能的应用将迅速改变人们的生活。故选B。 3．What does the underlined word “iteration” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Edition. B．Invention. C．Application. D．Equipment. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Bing，Microsoft’s search site，and Edge，its online browser(浏览器)，would be upgraded”以及该句中的“...will answer questions in a similar，conversational fashion to ChatGPT”可知，必应将被升级为新版软件，由人工智能驱动，故可推知画线单词iteration意为“新版软件”，与A项Edition“版本”意思一致。故选A。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．AI will basically change every software category. B．Bing has become the leader of developing chatbots. C．Google has been preferred by more people than Bing. D．Microsoft is trying to beat Google in online searching. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章大意尤其是最后一段最后两句可知，这篇文章的主要内容是微软正试图在在线搜索领域击败谷歌。故选D。 Ⅴ.完形填空 I was walking home from school on a windy winter day.It was 1 and I forgot my hat and scarf(围巾)．My cheeks were rosy red and my hands were numb(麻木的)． All of a sudden，an old lady 2 beside me and asked if I would like a ride home.Her 3 smile melted(融化) away the thought that I should never talk to strangers，so I said OK.We had an amazing 4 on the road.When she dropped me off she also told me her address. I didn’t see her for about a month.One night as I 5 her kindness，I decided to return the favor.I made a lot of 6 and walked down to her house with my friend.At first I was a bit 7 she wouldn’t remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies.I was 8 wrong.She was very happy and seemed so 9 that someone would do something like that! When I got home my mom told me that the old lady 10 and told my mom on the phone that she 11 because she was so touched.She said she would never 12 the kindness that was given to her! That filled me with such 13 ！There really is nothing else joyful like 14 others and making someone’s day 15 ！ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看望在一个寒冷的冬日里让自己搭车回家的老妇人，并认识到没有什么事情比帮助他人更能让人感到快乐了。 1．A.cool B．cloudy C．mild D．cold 答案　D 解析　根据空前的“on a windy winter day”可知，天气非常寒冷。cool凉爽的；cloudy多云的；mild温和的；cold寒冷的。故选D。 2．A.drove up B．took up C．picked up D．turned up 答案　A 解析　根据空后的“asked if I would like a ride home”可知，一位老妇人开车驶到“我”身旁，问“我”是否需要搭车回家。drive up开车；take up拿起；pick up挑选；turn up出现。故选A。 3．A.simple B．strange C．warm D．easy 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“melted(融化) away the thought that I should never talk to strangers”可知，这位老妇人温暖的笑容打消了“我”不想和陌生人说话的想法。simple简单的；strange奇怪的；warm温暖的；easy容易的。故选C。 4．A.silence B．argument C．quarrel D．chat 答案　D 解析　根据语境和下文的“she also told me her address”可知，在路上“我们”进行了很好的交谈。silence沉默；argument争论；quarrel争吵；chat聊天。故选D。 5．A.repeated B．regretted C．remembered D．forgot 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“I decided to return the favor”可知，当“我”想起这位老妇人的善行，决定报答她。repeat重复；regret后悔；remember想起；forget忘记。故选C。 6．A.cookies B．sweets C．bread D．salad 答案　A 解析　根据下文中的“think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies”可知，“我”为她做了很多甜饼干。cookie甜饼干；sweet糖果；bread面包；salad沙拉。故选A。 7．A.confused B．worried C．nervous D．disappointed 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“she wouldn’t remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies”可知，“我”担心她不记得“我”或把“我”当成坏人。confused困惑的；worried担心的；nervous紧张的；disappointed失望的。故选B。 8．A.hardly B．usually C．generally D．completely 答案　D 解析　根据空后的“She was very happy”可知，事实证明“我”的想法完全错误，她看到“我”很高兴。hardly几乎不；usually通常；generally 一般地；completely完全地。故选D。 9．A.surprised B．fearful C．puzzled D．satisfied 答案　A 解析　根据空后的“that someone would do something like that”可知，她似乎很惊讶有人会为她做这些事。surprised吃惊的；fearful担忧的；puzzled困惑的；satisfied满意的。故选A。 10．A.escaped B．visited C．called D．came 答案　C 解析　根据空后的“told my mom on the phone”可知，这位老妇人给“我”妈妈打了电话。escape逃跑；visit拜访；call打电话；come来。故选C。 11．A.left B．cried C．laughed D．slept 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“because she was so touched”可知，她感动哭了。leave离开；cry哭；laugh笑；sleep睡觉。故选B。 12．A.forget B．imagine C．permit D．pardon 答案　A 解析　根据语境可知，她说永远也不会忘记“我”的好意。forget忘记；imagine想象；permit允许；pardon原谅。故选A。 13．A.puzzle B．happiness C．sadness D．interest 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“There really is nothing else joyful...”可知，听到老妇人这样说，“我”的心里充满了幸福。puzzle疑问；happiness幸福；sadness悲伤；interest兴趣。故选B。 14．A.replacing B．signaling C．helping D．harming 答案　C 解析　根据语境可知，此处是说没有什么比帮助他人更让人感到快乐了。replace代替；signal发信号；help帮助；harm伤害。故选C。 15．A.easier B．harder C．busier D．brighter 答案　D 解析　and前说帮助他人，此处是说使别人的日子变得更明亮。easier更容易的；harder更难的；busier更忙碌的；brighter更明亮的。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Clever student as Li is，he was badly addicted 1. online games a year ago.He often slipped to cybercafes at night,2. (feel) very sleepy in class in the daytime.3.___________ (need) to say，he got poor marks in all subjects.No matter what I advised，no matter 4. I punished him，he still broke the rule.Later I 5. (arrange) his parents to rent a small house near our school to keep him company，or exactly speaking，to supervise him.But only a week later，I noticed him fall asleep constantly again.He must have played other tricks secretly.This time I demanded that his father 6. (sleep) with him in the same bedroom and watch him 7. (close)．Following my advice，his father did 8. .Hardly has Li felt sleepy in class ever since，and he has made great progress in study. Last week，believe it or not，he sheepishly(难为情地) admitted 9. (read) some e-books under his quilt while he was lying in bed before his father slept in his room.It is online 10.________ (game) that poison our teenagers’ minds deeply. 1．答案　to 解析　考查介词。be addicted to意为“沉迷于”，为固定搭配，所以应用介词to。故填to。 2．答案　feeling 解析　考查非谓语动词。动词feel意为“感觉”，和谓语之间没有连词，和主语he构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填feeling。 3．答案　Needless 解析　考查形容词。句意：不用说，他各科成绩都很差。“needless to say”意为“不用说”，为固定搭配。所以应用形容词needless。句首首字母应大写。故填Needless。 4．答案　how 解析　考查副词。此处应用how表示“如何”，修饰动词punished作状语。故填how。 5．答案　arranged 解析　考查时态。此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arranged。 6．答案　sleep 解析　考查虚拟语气。在demand后的宾语从句中，应使用should do虚拟语气，should可以省略。故填sleep。 7．答案　closely 解析　考查副词。修饰动词watch应用副词作状语。副词closely意为“密切地”。故填closely。 8．答案　so 解析　考查代词。根据“Following my advice”可知，此处是指他的父亲这样做了。所以应用代词so表示“这样”。故填so。 9．答案　having read 解析　考查非谓语动词。admit having done意为“承认做了某事”，为固定搭配，现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语之前。故填having read。 10．答案　games 解析　考查主谓一致和名词复数。此处为it强调句，被强调部分为主语，因为谓语是poison，所以主语应为复数形式。故填games。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$