内容正文:
人教版
选择性必修第三册
Unit 4 Adversity and Courage
课本同步高考3500核心词汇
+固定搭配+熟词生义汇总
核心单词30个
一高频固定搭配30组
一一词多义精讲10词
01
高考3500核心单词
音标·词性·常规义·熟词生义
1
adversity/ad'v3:sti/n.逆境;不幸;灾难
★高考常考义:“困境中坚持”话题核心词,阅读主旨题高频
2
courage/knrd3/n.勇气;胆量
★熟词生义:take courage鼓起勇气;have the courage to do有勇气做
3
expedition/,eksp3'dnln.远征;探险;考察
★高考常考义:“科学考察/探险”话题,阅读细节题高频
4
endurance/in'djuarans/.n.忍耐力;耐久力
★高考常考义:常与beyond endurance搭配,完形填空情感态度题考点
5 resolve/r'zplv/n.决心;解决;决议
★熟词生义:resolve to do决心做;resolve a problem解决问题
6
abandon/a'baendan/.放弃;抛弃;遗弃
★熟词生义:abandon oneself to沉溺于;with abandon放纵地
7
creW/kru:/n.全体船员;工作人员
★高考常考义:“团队合作”话题,注意单复数同形
8
voyage /'vord3/n./M航行;航海
★高考常考义:常与make a voyage搭配,阅读理解航海类话题高频
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9
sink/srk/u/n.下沉;沉没;水槽
食熟词生义:sink into陷入;be sunk in陷入(沉思/悲伤)
10
rescue/'reskju://n.营救;救援
食高考高频:come to one's rescue来救某人;rescue sb from从…中救出
11
survival/sa'varvl/n.生存;幸存
★熟词生义:survival of the fittest适者生存
12
desperate/desparat/ad,绝望的;拼命的;极度渴望的
★熟词生义:be desperate for极度渴望;be desperate to do拼命想做
13
genuine'd3 enjuIn/adj.真正的;真诚的
★高考常考义:“真假辨别”话题,阅读态度题考点
14
perseverance/,p3sr'VIarans/n.坚持不懈;毅力
★高考常考义:高考写作高频话题词,常与success关联
15
commitment/ka'mItmant/n.承诺;投入;奉献
★熟词生义:make a commitment做出承诺;commitment to对的投入
16
tough /taf/ad.艰难的;坚韧的;强硬的
★熟词生义:tough it out坚持到底;get tough with对…强硬
17
setback/'setbaek/.n.挫折;倒退
★高考常考义:“面对挫折”话题,完形填空高频
18
overcome/,ava'knm/克服;战胜
★熟词生义:be overcome with/.by被…压倒(情绪)
19
sacrifice'saekrIfars/,M/n.牺牲;献出
★熟词生义:sacrifice A for B为B牺牲A;at the sacrifice of以牺牲…为代价
20
desperate/'desparat/adj绝望的;极想的
★熟词生义:desperate measures极端措施
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21 loyal/biaad.忠诚的;忠实的
★高考常考义:常与to搭配:be loyal to对…忠诚
22
ambition/em'brfn/n.雄心;野心
食高考常考义:“人生目标”话题,写作高频
23
endurance/in'djvarans/.n.忍耐力
★高考常考义:常与test/push搭配:test one's endurance考验忍耐力
24
crew /kru:/n.船员;机组人员
★注意:crew作主语时,谓语可单可复
25
abandon/a'baendan/.放弃
★熟词生义:abandon hope放弃希望
26
bitter/brta(r)/adj.痛苦的;严寒的;苦的
★熟词生义:a bitter lesson惨痛的教训;bitter cold严寒
27
freezing/'fri:zIn/adj.极冷的
★高考常考义:常与cold搭配:freezing cold冰冷刺骨
28
starve/stav/饿死;极度渴望
★熟词生义:starve for渴望;be starving饿极了
29
rescue/reskju:/n.营救
★高考高频:rescue team救援队;rescue operation救援行动
30
vital /'vartl/ad,至关重要的;生命的
★熟词生义:be vital to对…至关重要;it is vital that.虚拟语气
02
单词绑定高考高频固定搭配
共30组
O1 be faced with adversity I面临逆境
02,take courage|鼓起勇气
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O3 have the courage to do sth|有勇气做某事
04 go on an expedition|去探险
05 beyond endurance|忍无可忍
06
resolve to do sth I决心做某事
07 resolve a problem I解决问题
08 abandon oneself to|沉溺于
09 with abandon|放纵地;尽情地
10 abandon hope|放弃希望
11 come to one's rescue|来救某人
12 rescue sb from danger|把某人从危险中救出
13 survival of the fittest|适者生存
14 be desperate for|极度渴望
15 be desperate to do sth|拼命想做某事
16 make a commitment|做出承诺
17 commitment to sth|对某事的投入/承诺
18 tough it out|坚持到底
19 get tough with sb|对某人强硬
20
overcome difficulties|克服困难
21 be overcome with emotion|被情绪压倒
22 sacrifice A for B|为B牺牲A
23 at the sacrifice of|以牺牲…为代价
24 be loyal to|对.…忠诚
25 achieve one's ambition I实现抱负
26 test one's endurance|考验忍耐力
27 be vital to|对…至关重要
28 starve for渴望
29 make a voyage|航行
30 sink into despair|陷入绝望
03
本单元/本模块高考重点一词多义精讲
真题必考
1 abandon
2 resolve
①常规义:放弃;抛弃
①常规义:解决;决心
②高考生义:abandon oneself to沉溺于;with
②高考生义:resolve to do决心做(=determine
abandon放纵地
todo);resolve作名词考"决心”
③应试区分:看到abandon后接反身代词,必考
③应试区分:resolve后接todo考"决心”;后接
"沉溺”;with abandon考“尽情地”。
problem考“解决”。
★应试区分:看到abandon后接反身代词,必考
★应试区分:resolve后接todo考“决心”;后接
“沉溺”;with abandon考“尽情地”。
problem考“解决”。
第4页/共6页
高考原句:He abandoned himself to despair after
高考原句:She resolved to work harder after the
the failure.(失败后他陷入了绝望。)
setback.(遭遇挫折后她决心更加努力。)
3
desperate
4
overcome
①常规义:绝望的
①常规义:克服;战胜
②高考生义:be desperate for极度渴望;be
②高考生义:be overcome with./by被..压倒
desperate to do拼命想做
(情绪)
③应试区分:后接for考"渴望”;后接todo考
③应试区分:被动语态+with/by考“被情绪压
“拼命想”。
倒”,不是“被克服”。
★应试区分:后接for考“渴望”;后接todo考
★应试区分:被动语态+with/by考“被情绪压
“拼命想”。
倒”,不是“被克服”。
高考原句:They were desperate for water after
高考原句:She was overcome with grief at the
days in the desert..(在沙漠中数日后他们极度渴望
news.(听到这个消息她悲痛欲绝。)
水。)
5
sacrifice
6 tough
①常规义:牺牲;献出
①常规义:艰难的;坚韧的
②高考生义:sacrifice A for B为B牺牲A;at the
②高考生义:tough it out坚持到底;get tough
sacrifice of以牺牲...为代价
with对..…强硬
③应试区分:for表目的;at the sacrifice of考
③应试区分:tough作动词短语考“坚持”;get
“以..…为代价”。
tough with考“强硬态度”。
★应试区分:for表目的;at the sacrifice of考
★应试区分:tough作动词短语考“坚持”;get
“以…为代价”。
tough with考“强硬态度”。
高考原句:He sacrificed his career for his family,.
高考原句:They decided to tough it out despite the
(他为了家庭牺牲了自己的事业。)
difficulties..(尽管困难重重,他们决定坚持到底。)
7 vital
8 starve
①常规义:至关重要的
①常规义:饿死
@高考生义:it is vital that.虚拟语气(should+
②高考生义:starve for渴望;be starving饿极了
do)
③应试区分:starve for考"渴望”,不是"饿
③应试区分:it is vital that后接虚拟语气,should
死”。
可省略。
★应试区分:starve for考“渴望”,不是“饿死”。
食应试区分:it is vital that后接虚拟语气,
高考原句:The children were starving for
should可省略。
attention.(孩子们极度渴望关注。)
高考原句:It is vital that every student(should)
attend the meeting.(每个学生都务必参加这次会
议。)
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9
sink
10 bitter
①常规义:下沉;沉没
①常规义:苦的
②高考生义:sink into陷入;be sunk in陷入(沉
②高考生义:a bitter lesson惨痛的教训;bitter
思/悲伤)
cold严寒
③应试区分:sink into despair考“陷入绝望”。
③应试区分:修饰lesson考“惨痛的”;修饰cold
考“严寒的”。
★应试区分:sink into despair考“陷入绝望”。
高考原句:He sank into deep thought after
★应试区分:修饰lesson考“惨痛的”;修饰cold
hearing the news.(听到消息后他陷入了沉思。)
考“严寒的”。
高考原句:Losing the game was a bitter lesson for
the team.(输掉比赛对这支队伍来说是一个惨痛的教
训。)
第6页/共6页