Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!（单元话题阅读任务单）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!话题阅读任务单 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!话题定位 本单元围绕 “美食与烹饪” 这一主题展开，该主题与课标 “人与自我” 主题范畴中的子话题 “生活技能与个人成长” 密切相关，同时涵盖 “人与社会” 范畴中的 “饮食文化与跨文化理解”。通过前一单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述日常活动的语言能力，能够运用一般现在时和祈使句表达简单指令。美食是学生最熟悉的生活场景，也是培养生活自理能力、体会亲情与分享意义的重要载体。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会描述烹饪流程、表达对美食的感受，并在饮食场景中了解不同文化的饮食特色。本单元的大问题 “Why do we learn to cook?” 启发学生思考烹饪的真正意义 —— 不仅是制作食物的技能，更是传递爱、创造共同回忆的方式。Section A 和 Section B 分别以 “How do you make a dish?” 和 “What does food mean to us?” 两个引导性问题架构板块内容，并层层深入，指向单元大问题的回答。Section A 首先呈现了土豆泥制作、食材准备等厨房场景，让学生通过听说活动学会运用顺序副词描述烹饪步骤，聚焦祈使句与食物类词汇两项核心目标语言。Section B 的阅读语篇以祖母的南瓜派为背景，描述美食承载的亲情与回忆，通过厨房场景、季节味道、感官细节等传递食物背后的情感温度。写作环节要求学生介绍自己最喜欢的一道菜或者一次家庭烹饪经历。本部分侧重探讨美食对个人情感发展和生活技能培养的价值。 Passage A Excerpt from Little House in the Big Woods — by Laura Ingalls Wilder 导读： 劳拉・英格斯・怀尔德（Laura Ingalls Wilder，1867—1957）是美国著名儿童文学作家，《大森林里的小木屋》是其 “小木屋” 系列的第一部作品。书中以细腻的笔触描绘了 19 世纪美国西部家庭的田园生活，其中大量关于家庭烹饪、共享美食的描写温暖而生动。这段节选讲述了劳拉一家在冬日厨房里制作玉米面包的场景，炉火的暖意、食物的香气与家人的笑声交织在一起，完美诠释了 “美食是家的味道” 这一内涵，与单元大问题 “Why do we learn to cook?” 高度契合，引导学生感受食物背后的亲情与温度。 体裁：经典散文节选　　　　难度：★★★　　　　词数：约 160 词 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 The winter evening came early. Inside the log house, a bright fire burned in the fireplace. Ma stood at the wooden table, mixing cornmeal and water into thick dough. The sweet smell of corn filled the small kitchen. Laura and Mary sat on a bench by the fire, watching Ma work. Ma sprinkled a little salt into the dough, then patted it flat with her hands. She laid the round cake of dough into the hot iron pan, and a soft sizzle filled the air. “When will the cornbread be ready?” Laura asked, her stomach growling. “Soon,” Ma smiled, “Good food takes time, and it tastes better when you wait for it.” Soon the cornbread was golden brown. Pa cut it into thick pieces, and they spread butter on top while it was still hot. Every bite tasted warm and sweet. It was more than just bread; it was the taste of home, safe and full of love. 【重难生词】 1. log n. 原木；圆木 例句：They built a small house with logs.（他们用原木建了一座小房子。） 2. fireplace n. 壁炉 例句：The fire in the fireplace kept the room warm.（壁炉里的火让房间保持暖。） 3. cornmeal n. 玉米粉；玉米面 例句：We can make cornbread with cornmeal.（我们可以用玉米粉做玉米面包。） 4. dough n. 生面团 例句：Knead the dough until it is smooth.（揉面团直到它变得光滑。） 5. sprinkle v. 撒；洒 例句：Sprinkle some sugar on the cake.（在蛋糕上撒点糖。） 6. pat v. 轻拍；拍打 例句：She patted the dough into a flat circle.（她把面团拍扁成一个圆形。） 7. sizzle n. 滋滋声；油煎声 例句：We heard the sizzle of bacon in the pan.（我们听到锅里培根的滋滋声。） 8. growl v. （肚子）咕咕叫；咆哮 例句：My stomach growled because I was hungry.（我肚子饿得咕咕叫。） 9. golden brown 金棕色；金黄色 例句：Bake the cookies until they are golden brown.（把饼干烤到金黄色。） 10. spread v. 涂抹；展开 例句：Spread some jam on your bread.（在你的面包上抹点果酱。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. The fire in the __________ kept the room warm. 2. __________ some sugar on the cake. 3. My stomach __________ because I was hungry. 4. Bake the cookies until they are __________. 5. __________ some jam on your bread. 【长难句分析】 第 1 句：Ma stood at the wooden table, mixing cornmeal and water into thick dough. 翻译：妈妈站在木桌旁，把玉米粉和水和成浓稠的面团。 重点：这是一个简单句，句中 mixing cornmeal and water into thick dough 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰 stood，表示妈妈站在桌旁的同时在做的动作。mix...into... 是固定搭配，意为 “把…… 混合成……”。现在分词作伴随状语是八年级进阶语法点，体现动作同时发生的逻辑关系。 第 2 句：It was more than just bread; it was the taste of home, safe and full of love. 翻译：那不仅仅是面包，更是家的味道 —— 安稳又充满爱意。 重点：这是由分号连接的并列句。more than just 意为 “不仅仅是”，起强调作用。后半句中 safe and full of love 是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰 the taste of home，补充说明家的味道带给人的感受。分号在这里连接两个关系紧密的句子，进一步升华食物的情感意义，呼应单元主题。 【中文翻译】 冬日的夜晚来得很早。小木屋里，壁炉里燃着明亮的炉火。妈妈站在木桌旁，把玉米粉和水和成浓稠的面团。玉米的甜香充满了小小的厨房。 劳拉和玛丽坐在炉火边的长凳上，看着妈妈忙碌。妈妈往面团里撒了一点盐，然后用手把它拍平。她把圆形的面饼放进滚烫的铁锅里，空气中立刻响起了轻柔的滋滋声。 “玉米面包什么时候好呀？” 劳拉问，肚子饿得咕咕叫。 “很快啦，” 妈妈笑着说，“好食物需要时间，耐心等过之后吃起来会更香。” 没多久，玉米面包就烤成了金棕色。爸爸把它切成厚片，大家趁着热气在上面抹了黄油。每一口都尝起来温暖又香甜。那不仅仅是面包，更是家的味道 —— 安稳又充满爱意。 Passage B Street Food: The Heartbeat of Global Culinary Culture 导读：本文节选自 2024 年国际饮食文化专栏《Culinary Routes》，聚焦街头美食的文化属性与当代演变。文章跳出 “美食介绍” 的表层框架，从地域文化烙印、城市生活肌理、跨文化传播三个维度展开论述，逻辑层次清晰，多处使用过去分词作状语、定语从句等复合结构，词汇涉及饮食文化类拓展表达。帮助拓展学生的文化视野。 体裁：时文说明文　　　　难度：★★★★　　　　词数：约 190词 Street food, once seen as merely cheap and casual meals for the working class, has grown into a beloved symbol of global culinary culture. Found in crowded market alleys, bustling night markets, and busy urban corners, it offers an authentic taste of local life that fancy restaurants can rarely match. Every region shapes its own signature street food, rooted in local history and natural ingredients. In Southeast Asia, tangy papaya salads and coconut rice wraps reflect the area’s tropical produce and bold flavor preferences. In North Africa, slow-cooked lamb sandwiches with aromatic spices carry the influence of ancient trade routes. Even within one country, regional styles differ widely, telling stories of migration, climate, and intergenerational family recipes passed down for centuries. Beyond satisfying hunger, street food weaves itself into the fabric of urban life. It brings strangers together over shared tables, preserves traditional cooking skills, and serves as a living museum of local culture. In recent years, many street food classics have crossed borders, adapting to local tastes while keeping their original spirit. For locals and travelers alike, a single bite can unlock a whole world of cultural stories. 【重难生词】 1. culinary adj. 烹饪的；饮食的 例句：The city is famous for its rich culinary traditions.（这座城市以丰富的饮食传统闻名。） 2. alley n. 小巷；胡同 例句：We walked through a narrow alley behind the shop.（我们穿过商店后面的窄巷。） 3. bustling adj. 熙熙攘攘的；热闹的 例句：The market is bustling with shoppers on weekends.（周末市场里挤满了购物的人，十分热闹。） 4. authentic adj. 正宗的；真实的 例句：This restaurant serves authentic Italian pizza.（这家餐厅做正宗的意大利披萨。） 5. signature adj. 标志性的；招牌的 例句：Roast duck is the signature dish of this restaurant.（烤鸭是这家餐厅的招牌菜。） 6. tangy adj. 酸香的；冲味的 例句：The lemon sauce is fresh and tangy.（这份柠檬酱汁清新酸爽。） 7. aromatic adj. 芳香的；有香味的 例句：Aromatic herbs are widely used in Chinese cooking.（香草广泛用于中餐烹饪中。） 8. intergenerational adj. 代际的；世代相传的 例句：Folk music is an intergenerational tradition in this village.（民间音乐是这个村子里代代相传的传统。） 9. fabric n. 结构；肌理 例句：Small shops are part of the fabric of small town life.（小商店是小镇生活结构的一部分。） 10. urban adj. 城市的；都市的 例句：More people are moving to urban areas for work.（更多人为了工作搬到城区。） 11. preserve v. 保护；留存 例句：We should preserve traditional crafts for future generations.（我们应该为后代保护传统工艺。） 12. unlock v. 开启；解锁 例句：Travel unlocks new ways of seeing the world.（旅行开启了看待世界的新方式。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. This restaurant serves __________ Italian pizza. 2. The market is __________ with shoppers on weekends. 3. We should __________ traditional crafts for future generations. 4. The city is famous for its rich __________ traditions. 5. Travel __________ new ways of seeing the world. 【长难句分析】 第 1 句：Street food, once seen as merely cheap and casual meals for the working class, has grown into a beloved symbol of global culinary culture. 翻译：街头美食曾一度只被视作工薪阶层的平价便餐，如今已发展为全球饮食文化中备受喜爱的符号。 重点：这是一个主谓分隔的简单句。句子主干为 Street food has grown into a beloved symbol...。once seen as...the working class 是过去分词短语作插入语，充当后置定语修饰 street food，相当于一个省略的非限制性定语从句（which was once seen as...）。 第 2 句：Found in crowded market alleys, bustling night markets, and busy urban corners, it offers an authentic taste of local life that fancy restaurants can rarely match. 翻译：在拥挤的集市小巷、热闹的夜市和繁忙的城市街角都能见到它的身影，它带来了高档餐厅难以复刻的、最地道的本土生活风味。 重点：这是一个包含分词状语和定语从句的复合句。句首 Found in...urban corners 是过去分词短语作地点状语，逻辑主语是主句的 it（指代 street food）；主句中 that fancy restaurants can rarely match 是定语从句，修饰先行词 an authentic taste of local life，that 在从句中作 match 的宾语。 【中文翻译】 街头美食曾一度只被视作工薪阶层的平价便餐，如今已发展为全球饮食文化中备受喜爱的符号。在拥挤的集市小巷、热闹的夜市和繁忙的城市街角都能见到它的身影，它带来了高档餐厅难以复刻的、最地道的本土生活风味。 每个地区都有自己标志性的街头美食，深植于当地的历史与物产之中。在东南亚，酸爽的木瓜沙拉和椰香饭团体现了当地的热带物产与浓烈的口味偏好。在北非，慢炖羊肉三明治搭配芳香香料，承载着古代商路留下的文化影响。即便在同一个国家内，不同地区的小吃风格也千差万别，讲述着人口迁徙、气候环境与世代相传的家族食谱的故事。 除了果腹之外，街头美食早已融入城市生活的肌理。它让陌生人围坐在共享的餐桌旁，守护着传统烹饪技艺，更是一座鲜活的本土文化博物馆。近年来，许多经典街头美食跨越了国界，在保留内核的同时适应当地口味。对本地人与旅行者而言，简简单单一口，便能开启一整个文化故事的世界。 一、阅读理解 Passage A For only 20 yuan, Fang Wenjing could buy her lunch at a community canteen (社区食堂) in Hangzhou. She had a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all very healthy. “The dishes have a home-cooked taste,” said Fang. Community canteens have become more and more popular in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook on their own, so the canteens provide help. They can have lunch and dinner within a 10-minute walk, or community workers can bring the dishes to them. Zhang Suxia, a worker at a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cook made special meals for the old. The food is soft and has less oil. Now, the community canteens are bringing in more young people. For those who don’t want to order takeout meals or eat at restaurants, the canteens provide them with healthier and cheaper dishes. This also encourages community canteens to think of creative ways to provide food and make things easier for people. A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助模式) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100 grams. The price is lower than those of restaurants close by. The rise of community canteens couldn’t have happened without the work of local governments. They provide subsidies (补贴) for building the canteens as well as the dining expenses (花费) of the old people. There are now more than 6,700 community canteens in China, according to Tianyancha, a database company. Choose the answer: 1．What might Fang Wenjing think of the community canteen? A．The dishes taste very different from dishes at home. B．The canteen takes many steps to cook its dishes. C．The dishes have nothing new. D．The food is cheap and healthy. 2．What do we know about the canteens when they were first set up? A．Many of their workers are old people. B．They are near where old people live. C．They only provide food to old people. D．Old people buy dishes there to eat. 3．The example of the Lugu Community shows that ________. A．buffet restaurants are more popular than canteens B．canteens are now mainly for young people C．canteens are more and more like other kinds of restaurants D．canteens are trying to meet the needs of more people 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How many canteens China will have in the future. B．Why the local governments give money to canteens. C．The subsidies people who eat in canteens can get. D．The role of local governments in the growth of canteens. Passage B In China, you often see tea eggs at food stores and subway stations. Their special smell makes people stop. This simple snack shows Chinese cooking wisdom. People turn ordinary eggs into something wonderful. Making tea eggs needs four important steps. First, they boil (煮) fresh eggs until they become hard. Then, they take a spoon and tap each egg to make many small cracks (裂缝). This is the most important step—the cracks need to be everywhere, but the shells (壳) have to stay on. Next, they put these cracked eggs into a pot with black tea, soy sauce (酱油), and spices (香料). They add just enough water to cover all the eggs. Then they boil everything and turn down the fire to let it cook slowly for about an hour. Finally, they keep the eggs in the soup for several more hours. Some people even leave them there overnight. This waiting time lets the taste go deep into the eggs through the cracks, creating beautiful brown patterns (花纹) and making them truly delicious. This delicious food started hundreds of years ago. One story says it began when a Ming Dynasty cook dropped boiled eggs into a pot of tea. He didn’t expect that the eggs tasted wonderful with tea flavor (风味). Soon, many people started to cook eggs this way. Today, tea eggs are still popular across China. With their special patterns and fantastic flavor, tea eggs play such an important role in Chinese food culture. Not only are tea eggs delicious and easy to cook, but they carry the taste of home and happy memories. 1．What is the most important step in making tea eggs? A． B． C． D． 2．What can we INFER from the story about the Ming Dynasty cook? A．Only rich and powerful people could eat tea eggs at first. B．People didn’t like tea eggs when they first appeared. C．It was an accident for the cook to create tea eggs. D．It takes several weeks to cook delicious tea eggs. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Making tea eggs needs many special skills. B．Tea eggs are the most delicious Chinese snack. C．Tea eggs are becoming less popular in modern China. D．Tea eggs are a symbol of Chinese tradition and culture. 4．What is the author’s attitude (态度) towards tea eggs? A．Tea eggs are too difficult to cook for Chinese. B．Tea eggs are a meaningful part of Chinese culture. C．The author is worried that they will soon disappear. D．The author believes they taste better than before. Passage C As an English saying goes “Where there’s tea there’s hope”. A Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar (醋) and tea are the seven necessary things to begin a day.” Tea is popular all over the world. It is said that nearly 5.8 million tons (吨) of tea were produced around the world in 2018. In Turkey (土耳其) tea has become the most popular hot drink. This is because coffee costs have risen and tea has become a cheaper drink. People in Ireland drink cups of hot tea to get through the grey, foggy winters. Tea drinking in the UK began in the eighteenth century. Traders introduced the drink from China as something very expensive. But now tea is a common drink in the UK. In order to celebrate the popular drink, the United Nations has designated (指定) May 21 as International Tea Day. This year, many countries celebrated the first International Tea Day, including China. According to the UN, tea is more than a hot drink. It’s a big part of many cultures around the world. You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country’s culture. In some other countries, tea is also offered during gatherings and talks. In addition to (除了) its cultural importance, tea is also a medicine. It has been used from old times to modern day. “Tea is cold and lowers the fire.”Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist (草药师) Li Shizhen once said. It is also found today that tea can prevent heart disease and so on. Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is not just a drink—it’s a social custom (习俗) and also a magic medicine, a link (联系) to the past and a way of life. 1．Why are the two sayings used in the first paragraph? A．To show the long history of tea in the UK and China. B．To show the importance of tea in the two countries. C．To tell us the time of drinking tea in the UK and China. D．To tell the differences between British and Chinese tea. 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．The cultural importance of tea. B．Different ways of drinking tea. C．The best tea in different countries. D．The important rules for choosing tea. 3．Which of the following about tea is true? A．In Turkey, tea is more expensive than coffee. B．In Ireland, people drink tea to keep cool in winter. C．In the UK, tea is only enjoyed by rich people. D．In China, tea has been used as medicine for long. 4．The writer writes the passage (文章) mainly to introduce _______. A．different kinds of tea B．old sayings of tea C．important uses of tea D．the first International Tea Day Passage D People say that Changsha is a busy city. For local people, the day often starts with a bowl of rice noodles. Chen Xueyi, 50, has owned his restaurant for 29 years. The restaurant is small, but it’s famous for its delicious rice noodles. Chen starts working at 4 a.m. every day and stays busy until the evening—making soup, preparing toppings (浇头), and cooking rice noodles. To make delicious rice noodles, Chen goes to the market to buy fresh pork bones first. Then he uses the pork bones to make the soup. Next, he boils the rice noodles and keeps the noodles in a pot to keep them warm. After that, he puts spring onions, salt, soy sauce (酱油) and meat on rice noodles. If you like, you can also ask for green beans and chillies (辣椒) into the rice noodles. The tasty dish brings in a large number of people every day. Now, Chen sells three to four hundred bowls of rice noodles a day. As well as local people, travellers now come to his restaurant too. “I’m happy to have more guests, but I am too busy now, so it would be good to keep it a small restaurant,” Chen said with a big smile. “To make nice rice noodles, everything needs to be fresh, but the most important is that you have to put your heart into it,” said Chen. 1．What is the second step for Chen Xueyi to cook rice noodles? A．He goes to the market to buy pork bones. B．He uses the pork bones to make the soup. C．He boils the rice noodles and keeps them warm. D．He adds the ingredients into the rice noodles. 2．Why do local people and visitors go to Chen’s restaurant to have rice noodles? A．The price is low. B．It is easy to find. C．It opens early every day. D．The rice noodles there taste great. 3．Why doesn’t Chen Xueyi want to open a larger rice noodle restaurant? A．He doesn’t need to make money any more. B．He is too busy to own a larger rice noodle restaurant. C．He thinks only a few people enjoy eating his rice noodles. D．He sells no more than 300 bowls of rice noodles every day. 4．Which of the following is the most important to make nice rice noodles according to Chen? A．Preparing fresh toppings. B．Using pork bones to make the soup. C．Trying your best to put your heart into it. D．Adding spring onions, salt, soy sauce and meat. 二、阅读填空 Passage A Fotiaoqiang is a famous traditional soup dish from Fujian Province. It is made by slowly cooking over 20 ingredients (原料) together, including chicken, duck and pork. 1 It’s said that it was first made in 1876 by the wife of a Fuzhou official when she cooked for an important guest. She put chicken, duck, pork, and seafood into an empty wine jar and slowly cooked them according to an old recipe (食谱). 2 Later, he even sent his chef, Zheng Chunfa, to learn the recipe. Zheng improved the recipe and then opened a restaurant called Sanyouzhai, where he served it to his customers. One day, some writers visited the restaurant and tried the dish. When Zheng opened the jar, the smell was so amazing that a writer joked, “ 3 ”. That’s how the dish got its funny name—fotiaoqiang. Fotiaoqiang is a dish that takes much time to prepare. First, all the different meats and seafood are cooked separately to bring out their best tastes. Then they’re all placed together in a large clay pot (陶罐) with a kind of soup made from chicken, duck and pork. The pot is usually covered with a lotus leaf (荷叶) to keep all the smells inside and cooked on very low fire for a long time. 4 It also makes the soup taste stronger and richer, and turns all the meats and seafood super soft. 5 And many people travel to Fujian just to taste this special traditional dish. A．The guest was amazed by the dish. B．This dish has a history of over 100 years. C．Even the Buddha (佛) would jump over the wall to taste it! D．These ingredients are carefully chosen for their freshness. E．The slow cooking helps different foods mix their tastes perfectly. F．Fujian people are very proud of this traditional food. G．Zheng Chunfa spent three years making the recipe better. Passage B Dumplings are one of the most popular foods in the world. They not only fill your stomach but also warm your heart. 1 Dumplings first appeared (出现) in the late Spring and Autumn period (时期). And people in different places make them in their own ways. Everyone, young or old, loves eating dumplings, especially during holidays. 2 First, mix (混合) flour and water to make dough (面团). These simple things are the secret to making good dumplings. Then, get the filling (馅料) ready. You can use meat like pork or beef, and mix it with fresh vegetables. Roll (揉) the dough into small, round pieces, put the filling in the middle, and fold the dough shut. After that, you can cook them by boiling, steaming or frying. 3 Steamed dumplings have soft skins and juicy fillings. They’re healthy and tasty. Fried dumplings, though, have a crispy (脆的) outside that’s fun to bite into. Some dumplings even have sweet red bean paste (红豆沙) inside, which tastes really different. 4 Dumplings are great for all kinds of times. Families often make dumplings together during festivals while chatting and having a good time. 5 A lot of cooking lovers try to create new fillings to make dumplings the highlight of any event (事件), big or small. A．They’re also perfect for a quick meal at a restaurant. B．Making dumplings starts with basic ingredients (原材料). C．They have a long and cool history. D．There are many kinds of dumplings. E．They all like eating dumplings. F．These cooking ways make dumplings taste different but all delicious. Passage C 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 These days, Max Burns has become popular on the Internet. The British boy is interested in Chinese food. 1 Max’s love for Chinese food started from a young age. He lived with his family in Qingdao for the first 6 years of his life and then they moved to Beijing. 2 When his family moved to the UK again in 2016, he often missed that. It’s difficult to change eating habits. Though he didn’t live in China anymore, he loved to eat Chinese food. 3 Then he had the idea of making Chinese food by himself. He also made some cooking videos (视频) and shared them online. 4 Over 3 million people watch his videos every day. They can learn to make all kinds of Chinese food from his videos, like jianbing and zongzi. Max usually teaches cooking in a simple way. “When people ask me where I’m from, I find it hard to answer it. I grew up in China, but I’m now living in the UK,” he says. “ 5 I hope to share Chinese and British culture with people of the two countries.” A．Now the cooking videos are very popular. B．And he is trying to teach people how to make it online. C．I want to build a cultural bridge between China and Britain. D．They could find all kinds of street food and restaurants near their house. E．He decided to order Chinese food online, but the food always disappointed him. Passage D 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 All around the world, people drink tea. 1 Here are some countries and their tea-drinking habits. 2 The Chinese drink it at any time of the day at home or in tea houses. They like to drink plain tea (素茶) best. Tea is very important in Japan. The Japanese have a special way of serving tea called the “tea ceremony (茶道)”. It is very old and full of meaning. People do everything in a special way in the ceremony (典礼、仪式). There is even a special room for it in Japanese homes. Another tea-drinking country is England, and the late afternoon is people’s “teatime”. Almost everyone has a cup of tea then. The British usually make tea in a teapot and drink it with milk and sugar. 3 Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea. 4 In summer, many Americans drink “iced tea”. A．We like drinking tea B．They also eat cakes, chocolate and a few candies at teatime. C．But in different countries, people have very different ideas about drinking tea. D．It is fast and easy to use tea bags to make tea. E．In China, for example, people always serve the tea when people get together. 二、完形填空 Passage A 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Making dumplings is one of my favorite family activities. Every weekend, my family and I 1 make dumplings together. It’s not just about eating—it’s about spending happy time with each other. First, we need to get ready for the ingredients. We usually buy 2 pork, cabbage, carrots and dumpling skins from the supermarket. My mother 3 the pork into small pieces, and my father cuts the cabbage and carrots. I like to help 4 the ingredients in a big bowl. Then we add some salt, oil and soy sauce (酱油) to make the filling (馅料) 5 . Next, it’s time to make the dumplings. My grandma teaches me how to fold the skins. At first, I always make dumplings that look “funny”, but my family 6 laughs and encourages me. After a few tries, I can make beautiful dumplings 7 . My little brother likes to put too much filling in his dumplings—sometimes the filling falls out when we cook them! Finally, we 8 the dumplings in boiling water. When they float (漂浮) to the top, they are ready to eat. We sit around the table and enjoy the hot dumplings. My mother often says, “Dumplings taste better 9 we make them together.” I love making dumplings with my family. It makes me feel warm and happy. I hope we 10 this tradition for a long time. 1．A．never B．often C．hardly D．seldom 2．A．some B．any C．many D．much 3．A．cuts B．will cut C．cut D．is cutting 4．A．mix B．mixing C．mixed D．mixes 5．A．terrible B．salty C．delicious D．sour 6．A．only B．still C．even D．just 7．A．easily B．slowly C．quickly D．carefully 8．A．boil B．boiling C．boiled D．are boiling 9．A．if B．when C．because D．though 10．A．keep B．will keep C．kept D．are keeping Passage B Whenever I smell the apple pie, I think of my grandma. She was the best host in our family, 1 welcoming us with a smile and a homemade treat. Her kitchen was a magical place where 2 ingredients turned into something special. I remember helping her make apple pies when I was little. She let me stir the 3 of cinnamon, sugar and thinly sliced (被切片的) apples. “The 4 is to keep balanced, ” she said. “A little 5 , along with the smell of cinnamon—just like life.” As I grew older, baking together became our habit. Even on busy days, she stopped doing everything 6 I visited. We talked about school, friends and dreams while the pie was baked. The kitchen was 7 light and the smell of love. Last summer, Grandma taught me how to bake apple pies. “You can be the host someday, ” she 53 .But her eyes were serious, passing down more than just instructions. This morning, I baked my first pie. 8 the pie looked a little terrible, the sweet smell filled my kitchen. Some mixtures aren’t just about smell—they’re about the love we 55 into them. And that’s a recipe no book can teach. 1．A．hardly B．seldom C．never D．always 2．A．ancient B．simple C．difficult D．tiny 3．A．heat B．mess C．mixture D．ingredient 4．A．secret B．dream C．plan D．job 5．A．rubbish B．treasure C．glue D．sweetness 6．A．wherever B．until C．whenever D．whatever 7．A．made of B．filled with C．tired of D．shared with 8．A．joked B．solved C．imagined D．communicated 9．A．Before B．Although C．Until D．Because 10．A．protect B．store C．disappoint D．mix Passage C 请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Now over the years, real Chinese snacks have become more popular in foreign countries. In the United States, people are eating roujiamo. Many people 1 roujiamo from Shaanxi Province of China the “Chinese hamburger”. It has two pieces of bread 2 delicious meat between them. A blog even 3 roujiamo as “the world’s first hamburger”. It is very 4 to the American hamburger. In fact, it has a long 5 in China. In Russia, hundreds of tanghulu were sold out in just a few hours. Tanghulu is a traditional Chinese snack that is 6 fruit, usually Chinese hawthorns (山楂). It is a bit like candy apples in the US. They are the hawthorns with sugar candy. A stick (棍) is pushed into the fruit so you can 7 it like a lollipop (棒棒糖). Some Chinese people think tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle gourd (葫芦). That’s 8 it has this name. Of course, the new kind made of other fresh fruit such as strawberries and oranges has also 9 in China now. Youtiao is like a popular snack in Spain. Some people outside China eat youtiao as well. For example, people in Malaysia eat it. They often 10 it with milk tea or noodles. In Indonesia, they eat it with porridge instead of doujiang in China. 1．A．borrow B．call C．learn D．come 2．A．with B．into C．from D．over 3．A．guides B．allows C．serves D．sees 4．A．different B．famous C．similar D．lucky 5．A．connection B．dream C．history D．secret 6．A．made of B．made up C．kept on D．filled with 7．A．give B．set C．hold D．hope 8．A．why B．what C．how D．where 9．A．stored B．appeared C．changed D．heard 10．A．heat B．fill C．make D．eat 三、任务型阅读 Passage A Ice cream is a delicious treat that many people love. But do you know how milk turns into ice cream? Let’s see the process step by step. On the farm, cows eat lots of food and drink a lot of water. They help cows produce milk. A healthy cow can make about one hundred glasses of milk each day. That is really amazing! Next, trucks come to pick up the fresh milk. These trucks have big tanks to keep the milk cold. Then they drive the milk to factories. In the factory, workers start by separating the milk into cream and skim milk (脱脂牛奶). After that, they mix cream, milk, sugar and other things like chocolate or vanilla flavour. The mixture is heated to kill any germs. Then it is cooled down. A machine whips (搅打) the mix to make it smooth. Now it is time to add flavorings (调味香料). Fruit, nuts or biscuits can be added too. This makes the ice cream taste even better. After adding flavors, the ice cream is cooled again. Now it becomes very hard and ready to eat. Finally, trucks take the ice cream to shops. Now you can buy it and enjoy this sweet treat! Learning about how milk becomes ice cream is interesting. It shows how food is made with care. Next time you eat ice cream, you will know more about its journey from farm to your mouth! 1．What helps cows produce milk? 2．How do trucks keep the milk cold during transportation? 3．Why do they heat the mixture in the factory? 4．What may Step 2 be according to paragraph 4? 5．What does the writer think of learning about food making? Passage B 根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 Recently, train companies (公司) have asked people not to eat foods with strong smells on high-speed trains, such as instant noodles (方便面). What do you think? Should trains ban (禁止) instant noodles? Chen Yi’an: For me, eating food with a strong smell on the train is fine. A train journey often takes many hours, which means eating is important. Fast food like instant noodles is very convenient. Also, fast food is cheap. For example, instant noodles cost only a few yuan, while food on trains often costs more than 40 yuan. Also, it is difficult to decide what food should be banned. Different people have different standards (标准). This makes it hard to create a fair rule. He Liyan: I believe that instant noodles should be banned on high-speed trains. The air in trains does not move well, so the smell stays for a long time. It can make other passengers feel sick. Passengers can eat before getting on the train or bring other foods like sandwiches, fruits or snacks that have little smell. In public spaces, we should always think about the feelings of those around us. Staying clear of smelly foods is a simple way to show respect and keep the train nice for everyone. Luo Yiwei: Instant noodles are cheap and easy to make, needing only hot water. If they are banned on trains, many people would lose their easiest meal choice. However, smelly food can affect others. So it is important to find ways to deal with it. For example, the train company could set up a special coach in every train. People who want to eat smelly food could enjoy their meal there. The trains could also sell cheap snacks that don’t smell much. 1．Why does Chen Yi’an think it is fine to eat food with a strong smell on the train? 2．How can passengers show respect to others on trains according to He Liyan? 3．What other foods does He Liyan advise people to bring instead of instant noodles? 4．What things does Luo Yiwei advise train companies to do to solve the problem? 5．Do you agree with eating foods with strong smells on trains? Give one reason for your answer. Passage C 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 The hot pot is one of the most popular meals in China. The hot pot appeared in China about 2,000 years ago. It still appears on tables all year round. Apart from (除……之外) its delicious taste, there are two other important reasons for the Chinese to like the hot pot. The first one is that the hot pot is a great way to make new friends. People sit around the pot, talking, eating, drinking and having fun. When people enjoy the hot pot, it will make people feel comfortable and relaxed. The other is that the hot pot is a “healthy meal”. Eating the hot pot can warm the body and improve circulation (血液循环) in winter. There are several kinds of hot pots in China with different soup. Two of the most popular hot pots are Sichuan hot pot and Beijing mutton hot pot. Sichuan hot pot is famous for its numbing and spicy (又麻又辣的) taste because of Sichuan pepper. As for Beijing mutton hot pot, mutton is its main part, and the soup is made from lamb bones. When you eat a hot pot in a restaurant, there are usually two kinds of soup bases (汤底): clear and spicy. A clear soup base has a quite mild (清淡的) taste. It is made from (由……制成) seafood or meat bones. A spicy soup base usually has Sichuan pepper. It is spicy and salty. If you have a mixed group, you can choose a double-flavor hot pot (鸳鸯锅). It has a clear soup base on one side, a spicy soup base on the other and a divider in the middle. 1．When did the hot pot appear in China? 2．How do people feel when they enjoy the hot pot? 3．Why is the hot pot called a “healthy meal”? 4．Is Sichuan hot pot famous for its numbing and spicy taste? 5．Which soup base do you like better, clear or spicy? Why? $ Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!话题阅读任务单 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!话题定位 本单元围绕 “美食与烹饪” 这一主题展开，该主题与课标 “人与自我” 主题范畴中的子话题 “生活技能与个人成长” 密切相关，同时涵盖 “人与社会” 范畴中的 “饮食文化与跨文化理解”。通过前一单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述日常活动的语言能力，能够运用一般现在时和祈使句表达简单指令。美食是学生最熟悉的生活场景，也是培养生活自理能力、体会亲情与分享意义的重要载体。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会描述烹饪流程、表达对美食的感受，并在饮食场景中了解不同文化的饮食特色。本单元的大问题 “Why do we learn to cook?” 启发学生思考烹饪的真正意义 —— 不仅是制作食物的技能，更是传递爱、创造共同回忆的方式。Section A 和 Section B 分别以 “How do you make a dish?” 和 “What does food mean to us?” 两个引导性问题架构板块内容，并层层深入，指向单元大问题的回答。Section A 首先呈现了土豆泥制作、食材准备等厨房场景，让学生通过听说活动学会运用顺序副词描述烹饪步骤，聚焦祈使句与食物类词汇两项核心目标语言。Section B 的阅读语篇以祖母的南瓜派为背景，描述美食承载的亲情与回忆，通过厨房场景、季节味道、感官细节等传递食物背后的情感温度。写作环节要求学生介绍自己最喜欢的一道菜或者一次家庭烹饪经历。本部分侧重探讨美食对个人情感发展和生活技能培养的价值。 Passage A Excerpt from Little House in the Big Woods — by Laura Ingalls Wilder 导读： 劳拉・英格斯・怀尔德（Laura Ingalls Wilder，1867—1957）是美国著名儿童文学作家，《大森林里的小木屋》是其 “小木屋” 系列的第一部作品。书中以细腻的笔触描绘了 19 世纪美国西部家庭的田园生活，其中大量关于家庭烹饪、共享美食的描写温暖而生动。这段节选讲述了劳拉一家在冬日厨房里制作玉米面包的场景，炉火的暖意、食物的香气与家人的笑声交织在一起，完美诠释了 “美食是家的味道” 这一内涵，与单元大问题 “Why do we learn to cook?” 高度契合，引导学生感受食物背后的亲情与温度。 体裁：经典散文节选　　　　难度：★★★　　　　词数：约 160 词 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 The winter evening came early. Inside the log house, a bright fire burned in the fireplace. Ma stood at the wooden table, mixing cornmeal and water into thick dough. The sweet smell of corn filled the small kitchen. Laura and Mary sat on a bench by the fire, watching Ma work. Ma sprinkled a little salt into the dough, then patted it flat with her hands. She laid the round cake of dough into the hot iron pan, and a soft sizzle filled the air. “When will the cornbread be ready?” Laura asked, her stomach growling. “Soon,” Ma smiled, “Good food takes time, and it tastes better when you wait for it.” Soon the cornbread was golden brown. Pa cut it into thick pieces, and they spread butter on top while it was still hot. Every bite tasted warm and sweet. It was more than just bread; it was the taste of home, safe and full of love. 【重难生词】 1. log n. 原木；圆木 例句：They built a small house with logs.（他们用原木建了一座小房子。） 2. fireplace n. 壁炉 例句：The fire in the fireplace kept the room warm.（壁炉里的火让房间保持暖。） 3. cornmeal n. 玉米粉；玉米面 例句：We can make cornbread with cornmeal.（我们可以用玉米粉做玉米面包。） 4. dough n. 生面团 例句：Knead the dough until it is smooth.（揉面团直到它变得光滑。） 5. sprinkle v. 撒；洒 例句：Sprinkle some sugar on the cake.（在蛋糕上撒点糖。） 6. pat v. 轻拍；拍打 例句：She patted the dough into a flat circle.（她把面团拍扁成一个圆形。） 7. sizzle n. 滋滋声；油煎声 例句：We heard the sizzle of bacon in the pan.（我们听到锅里培根的滋滋声。） 8. growl v. （肚子）咕咕叫；咆哮 例句：My stomach growled because I was hungry.（我肚子饿得咕咕叫。） 9. golden brown 金棕色；金黄色 例句：Bake the cookies until they are golden brown.（把饼干烤到金黄色。） 10. spread v. 涂抹；展开 例句：Spread some jam on your bread.（在你的面包上抹点果酱。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. The fire in the __________ kept the room warm. 2. __________ some sugar on the cake. 3. My stomach __________ because I was hungry. 4. Bake the cookies until they are __________. 5. __________ some jam on your bread. 参考答案：1. fireplace 2. Sprinkle 3. growled 4. golden brown 5. Spread 【长难句分析】 第 1 句：Ma stood at the wooden table, mixing cornmeal and water into thick dough. 翻译：妈妈站在木桌旁，把玉米粉和水和成浓稠的面团。 重点：这是一个简单句，句中 mixing cornmeal and water into thick dough 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰 stood，表示妈妈站在桌旁的同时在做的动作。mix...into... 是固定搭配，意为 “把…… 混合成……”。现在分词作伴随状语是八年级进阶语法点，体现动作同时发生的逻辑关系。 第 2 句：It was more than just bread; it was the taste of home, safe and full of love. 翻译：那不仅仅是面包，更是家的味道 —— 安稳又充满爱意。 重点：这是由分号连接的并列句。more than just 意为 “不仅仅是”，起强调作用。后半句中 safe and full of love 是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰 the taste of home，补充说明家的味道带给人的感受。分号在这里连接两个关系紧密的句子，进一步升华食物的情感意义，呼应单元主题。 【中文翻译】 冬日的夜晚来得很早。小木屋里，壁炉里燃着明亮的炉火。妈妈站在木桌旁，把玉米粉和水和成浓稠的面团。玉米的甜香充满了小小的厨房。 劳拉和玛丽坐在炉火边的长凳上，看着妈妈忙碌。妈妈往面团里撒了一点盐，然后用手把它拍平。她把圆形的面饼放进滚烫的铁锅里，空气中立刻响起了轻柔的滋滋声。 “玉米面包什么时候好呀？” 劳拉问，肚子饿得咕咕叫。 “很快啦，” 妈妈笑着说，“好食物需要时间，耐心等过之后吃起来会更香。” 没多久，玉米面包就烤成了金棕色。爸爸把它切成厚片，大家趁着热气在上面抹了黄油。每一口都尝起来温暖又香甜。那不仅仅是面包，更是家的味道 —— 安稳又充满爱意。 Passage B Street Food: The Heartbeat of Global Culinary Culture 导读：本文节选自 2024 年国际饮食文化专栏《Culinary Routes》，聚焦街头美食的文化属性与当代演变。文章跳出 “美食介绍” 的表层框架，从地域文化烙印、城市生活肌理、跨文化传播三个维度展开论述，逻辑层次清晰，多处使用过去分词作状语、定语从句等复合结构，词汇涉及饮食文化类拓展表达。帮助拓展学生的文化视野。 体裁：时文说明文　　　　难度：★★★★　　　　词数：约 190词 Street food, once seen as merely cheap and casual meals for the working class, has grown into a beloved symbol of global culinary culture. Found in crowded market alleys, bustling night markets, and busy urban corners, it offers an authentic taste of local life that fancy restaurants can rarely match. Every region shapes its own signature street food, rooted in local history and natural ingredients. In Southeast Asia, tangy papaya salads and coconut rice wraps reflect the area’s tropical produce and bold flavor preferences. In North Africa, slow-cooked lamb sandwiches with aromatic spices carry the influence of ancient trade routes. Even within one country, regional styles differ widely, telling stories of migration, climate, and intergenerational family recipes passed down for centuries. Beyond satisfying hunger, street food weaves itself into the fabric of urban life. It brings strangers together over shared tables, preserves traditional cooking skills, and serves as a living museum of local culture. In recent years, many street food classics have crossed borders, adapting to local tastes while keeping their original spirit. For locals and travelers alike, a single bite can unlock a whole world of cultural stories. 【重难生词】 1. culinary adj. 烹饪的；饮食的 例句：The city is famous for its rich culinary traditions.（这座城市以丰富的饮食传统闻名。） 2. alley n. 小巷；胡同 例句：We walked through a narrow alley behind the shop.（我们穿过商店后面的窄巷。） 3. bustling adj. 熙熙攘攘的；热闹的 例句：The market is bustling with shoppers on weekends.（周末市场里挤满了购物的人，十分热闹。） 4. authentic adj. 正宗的；真实的 例句：This restaurant serves authentic Italian pizza.（这家餐厅做正宗的意大利披萨。） 5. signature adj. 标志性的；招牌的 例句：Roast duck is the signature dish of this restaurant.（烤鸭是这家餐厅的招牌菜。） 6. tangy adj. 酸香的；冲味的 例句：The lemon sauce is fresh and tangy.（这份柠檬酱汁清新酸爽。） 7. aromatic adj. 芳香的；有香味的 例句：Aromatic herbs are widely used in Chinese cooking.（香草广泛用于中餐烹饪中。） 8. intergenerational adj. 代际的；世代相传的 例句：Folk music is an intergenerational tradition in this village.（民间音乐是这个村子里代代相传的传统。） 9. fabric n. 结构；肌理 例句：Small shops are part of the fabric of small town life.（小商店是小镇生活结构的一部分。） 10. urban adj. 城市的；都市的 例句：More people are moving to urban areas for work.（更多人为了工作搬到城区。） 11. preserve v. 保护；留存 例句：We should preserve traditional crafts for future generations.（我们应该为后代保护传统工艺。） 12. unlock v. 开启；解锁 例句：Travel unlocks new ways of seeing the world.（旅行开启了看待世界的新方式。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. This restaurant serves __________ Italian pizza. 2. The market is __________ with shoppers on weekends. 3. We should __________ traditional crafts for future generations. 4. The city is famous for its rich __________ traditions. 5. Travel __________ new ways of seeing the world. 参考答案：1. authentic 2. bustling 3. preserve 4. culinary 5. unlocks 【长难句分析】 第 1 句：Street food, once seen as merely cheap and casual meals for the working class, has grown into a beloved symbol of global culinary culture. 翻译：街头美食曾一度只被视作工薪阶层的平价便餐，如今已发展为全球饮食文化中备受喜爱的符号。 重点：这是一个主谓分隔的简单句。句子主干为 Street food has grown into a beloved symbol...。once seen as...the working class 是过去分词短语作插入语，充当后置定语修饰 street food，相当于一个省略的非限制性定语从句（which was once seen as...）。 第 2 句：Found in crowded market alleys, bustling night markets, and busy urban corners, it offers an authentic taste of local life that fancy restaurants can rarely match. 翻译：在拥挤的集市小巷、热闹的夜市和繁忙的城市街角都能见到它的身影，它带来了高档餐厅难以复刻的、最地道的本土生活风味。 重点：这是一个包含分词状语和定语从句的复合句。句首 Found in...urban corners 是过去分词短语作地点状语，逻辑主语是主句的 it（指代 street food）；主句中 that fancy restaurants can rarely match 是定语从句，修饰先行词 an authentic taste of local life，that 在从句中作 match 的宾语。 【中文翻译】 街头美食曾一度只被视作工薪阶层的平价便餐，如今已发展为全球饮食文化中备受喜爱的符号。在拥挤的集市小巷、热闹的夜市和繁忙的城市街角都能见到它的身影，它带来了高档餐厅难以复刻的、最地道的本土生活风味。 每个地区都有自己标志性的街头美食，深植于当地的历史与物产之中。在东南亚，酸爽的木瓜沙拉和椰香饭团体现了当地的热带物产与浓烈的口味偏好。在北非，慢炖羊肉三明治搭配芳香香料，承载着古代商路留下的文化影响。即便在同一个国家内，不同地区的小吃风格也千差万别，讲述着人口迁徙、气候环境与世代相传的家族食谱的故事。 除了果腹之外，街头美食早已融入城市生活的肌理。它让陌生人围坐在共享的餐桌旁，守护着传统烹饪技艺，更是一座鲜活的本土文化博物馆。近年来，许多经典街头美食跨越了国界，在保留内核的同时适应当地口味。对本地人与旅行者而言，简简单单一口，便能开启一整个文化故事的世界。 一、阅读理解 Passage A For only 20 yuan, Fang Wenjing could buy her lunch at a community canteen (社区食堂) in Hangzhou. She had a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all very healthy. “The dishes have a home-cooked taste,” said Fang. Community canteens have become more and more popular in China recently. They were made for the old people at first. It can be difficult for some old people to cook on their own, so the canteens provide help. They can have lunch and dinner within a 10-minute walk, or community workers can bring the dishes to them. Zhang Suxia, a worker at a community canteen in Hangzhou, said that the cook made special meals for the old. The food is soft and has less oil. Now, the community canteens are bringing in more young people. For those who don’t want to order takeout meals or eat at restaurants, the canteens provide them with healthier and cheaper dishes. This also encourages community canteens to think of creative ways to provide food and make things easier for people. A canteen in Beijing’s Lugu Community brings out buffet-style (自助模式) dishes. The dishes are sold at 2.48 yuan per 100 grams. The price is lower than those of restaurants close by. The rise of community canteens couldn’t have happened without the work of local governments. They provide subsidies (补贴) for building the canteens as well as the dining expenses (花费) of the old people. There are now more than 6,700 community canteens in China, according to Tianyancha, a database company. Choose the answer: 1．What might Fang Wenjing think of the community canteen? A．The dishes taste very different from dishes at home. B．The canteen takes many steps to cook its dishes. C．The dishes have nothing new. D．The food is cheap and healthy. 2．What do we know about the canteens when they were first set up? A．Many of their workers are old people. B．They are near where old people live. C．They only provide food to old people. D．Old people buy dishes there to eat. 3．The example of the Lugu Community shows that ________. A．buffet restaurants are more popular than canteens B．canteens are now mainly for young people C．canteens are more and more like other kinds of restaurants D．canteens are trying to meet the needs of more people 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How many canteens China will have in the future. B．Why the local governments give money to canteens. C．The subsidies people who eat in canteens can get. D．The role of local governments in the growth of canteens. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国社区食堂的发展现状，最初主要为老年人提供便利健康的餐饮，如今也吸引年轻人，并通过创新模式和政府支持不断壮大。 【详解】1．第一段“For only 20 yuan...She had a meat dish, a vegetable dish and a bowl of rice—all very healthy. ‘The dishes have a home-cooked taste,’ said Fang.”，明确说明Fang认为社区食堂的食物既便宜又健康。 1．第二段“It can be difficult for some old people to cook on their own, so the canteens provide help. They can have lunch and dinner within a 10-minute walk, or community workers can bring the dishes to them.”，明确说明社区食堂最初是为方便老年人而设，位置靠近老人居住地。 2．第四段以北京鲁谷社区食堂为例，说明其推出自助模式、价格低于附近餐馆，体现了社区食堂正在努力满足更多人的需求。 3．最后一段“The rise of community canteens couldn’t have happened without the work of local governments. They provide subsidies...”，说明本段主要讲地方政府在社区食堂发展中的作用。 Passage B In China, you often see tea eggs at food stores and subway stations. Their special smell makes people stop. This simple snack shows Chinese cooking wisdom. People turn ordinary eggs into something wonderful. Making tea eggs needs four important steps. First, they boil (煮) fresh eggs until they become hard. Then, they take a spoon and tap each egg to make many small cracks (裂缝). This is the most important step—the cracks need to be everywhere, but the shells (壳) have to stay on. Next, they put these cracked eggs into a pot with black tea, soy sauce (酱油), and spices (香料). They add just enough water to cover all the eggs. Then they boil everything and turn down the fire to let it cook slowly for about an hour. Finally, they keep the eggs in the soup for several more hours. Some people even leave them there overnight. This waiting time lets the taste go deep into the eggs through the cracks, creating beautiful brown patterns (花纹) and making them truly delicious. This delicious food started hundreds of years ago. One story says it began when a Ming Dynasty cook dropped boiled eggs into a pot of tea. He didn’t expect that the eggs tasted wonderful with tea flavor (风味). Soon, many people started to cook eggs this way. Today, tea eggs are still popular across China. With their special patterns and fantastic flavor, tea eggs play such an important role in Chinese food culture. Not only are tea eggs delicious and easy to cook, but they carry the taste of home and happy memories. 1．What is the most important step in making tea eggs? A． B． C． D． 2．What can we INFER from the story about the Ming Dynasty cook? A．Only rich and powerful people could eat tea eggs at first. B．People didn’t like tea eggs when they first appeared. C．It was an accident for the cook to create tea eggs. D．It takes several weeks to cook delicious tea eggs. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Making tea eggs needs many special skills. B．Tea eggs are the most delicious Chinese snack. C．Tea eggs are becoming less popular in modern China. D．Tea eggs are a symbol of Chinese tradition and culture. 4．What is the author’s attitude (态度) towards tea eggs? A．Tea eggs are too difficult to cook for Chinese. B．Tea eggs are a meaningful part of Chinese culture. C．The author is worried that they will soon disappear. D．The author believes they taste better than before. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍茶叶蛋的制作步骤、起源故事以及它在中国饮食文化中的地位。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“Then, they take a spoon and tap each egg to make many small cracks. This is the most important step—the cracks need to be everywhere, but the shells have to stay on.”可知，制作茶叶蛋最重要的步骤是敲出裂缝但保留蛋壳，对应B项图片。 2．根据第五段“One story says it began when a Ming Dynasty cook dropped boiled eggs into a pot of tea.”可知，这位明朝厨师是不小心把煮好的蛋掉进茶里，属于意外。 3．根据最后一段“Today, tea eggs are still popular across China. With their special patterns and fantastic flavor, tea eggs play such an important role in Chinese food culture.”可知，茶叶蛋是中国传统文化的象征。 4．根据最后一段“tea eggs play such an important role in Chinese food culture. Not only are tea eggs delicious and easy to cook, but they carry the taste of home and happy memories.”可知，作者认为茶叶蛋是中国文化中有意义的一部分。 Passage C As an English saying goes “Where there’s tea there’s hope”. A Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar (醋) and tea are the seven necessary things to begin a day.” Tea is popular all over the world. It is said that nearly 5.8 million tons (吨) of tea were produced around the world in 2018. In Turkey (土耳其) tea has become the most popular hot drink. This is because coffee costs have risen and tea has become a cheaper drink. People in Ireland drink cups of hot tea to get through the grey, foggy winters. Tea drinking in the UK began in the eighteenth century. Traders introduced the drink from China as something very expensive. But now tea is a common drink in the UK. In order to celebrate the popular drink, the United Nations has designated (指定) May 21 as International Tea Day. This year, many countries celebrated the first International Tea Day, including China. According to the UN, tea is more than a hot drink. It’s a big part of many cultures around the world. You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country’s culture. In some other countries, tea is also offered during gatherings and talks. In addition to (除了) its cultural importance, tea is also a medicine. It has been used from old times to modern day. “Tea is cold and lowers the fire.”Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist (草药师) Li Shizhen once said. It is also found today that tea can prevent heart disease and so on. Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is not just a drink—it’s a social custom (习俗) and also a magic medicine, a link (联系) to the past and a way of life. 1．Why are the two sayings used in the first paragraph? A．To show the long history of tea in the UK and China. B．To show the importance of tea in the two countries. C．To tell us the time of drinking tea in the UK and China. D．To tell the differences between British and Chinese tea. 2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．The cultural importance of tea. B．Different ways of drinking tea. C．The best tea in different countries. D．The important rules for choosing tea. 3．Which of the following about tea is true? A．In Turkey, tea is more expensive than coffee. B．In Ireland, people drink tea to keep cool in winter. C．In the UK, tea is only enjoyed by rich people. D．In China, tea has been used as medicine for long. 4．The writer writes the passage (文章) mainly to introduce _______. A．different kinds of tea B．old sayings of tea C．important uses of tea D．the first International Tea Day 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍茶在世界各国的流行程度、文化意义以及药用价值，展现茶不只是饮品，更是一种社会习俗与生活方式。 【详解】 1．原文第一段“As an English saying goes ‘Where there’s tea there’s hope’ . A Chinese saying goes that ‘Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt sauce vinegar (醋) and tea are the seven necessary things to begin a day.’ ”，由此可知，引用两句谚语是为了表明茶在中英两个国家的重要地位。 2．原文第四段“It’s a big part of many cultures around the world…The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country’s culture.”，由此可知本段主要讲述茶的文化重要性。 3．原文第六段“In addition to (除了) its cultural importance, tea is also a medicine. It has been used from old times to modern day.”，由此可知在中国，茶长久以来被当作药物使用。 4．全文介绍茶的流行、文化用途、社交用途以及药用作用，由此可知文章主要介绍茶的各类重要用途。 Passage D People say that Changsha is a busy city. For local people, the day often starts with a bowl of rice noodles. Chen Xueyi, 50, has owned his restaurant for 29 years. The restaurant is small, but it’s famous for its delicious rice noodles. Chen starts working at 4 a.m. every day and stays busy until the evening—making soup, preparing toppings (浇头), and cooking rice noodles. To make delicious rice noodles, Chen goes to the market to buy fresh pork bones first. Then he uses the pork bones to make the soup. Next, he boils the rice noodles and keeps the noodles in a pot to keep them warm. After that, he puts spring onions, salt, soy sauce (酱油) and meat on rice noodles. If you like, you can also ask for green beans and chillies (辣椒) into the rice noodles. The tasty dish brings in a large number of people every day. Now, Chen sells three to four hundred bowls of rice noodles a day. As well as local people, travellers now come to his restaurant too. “I’m happy to have more guests, but I am too busy now, so it would be good to keep it a small restaurant,” Chen said with a big smile. “To make nice rice noodles, everything needs to be fresh, but the most important is that you have to put your heart into it,” said Chen. 1．What is the second step for Chen Xueyi to cook rice noodles? A．He goes to the market to buy pork bones. B．He uses the pork bones to make the soup. C．He boils the rice noodles and keeps them warm. D．He adds the ingredients into the rice noodles. 2．Why do local people and visitors go to Chen’s restaurant to have rice noodles? A．The price is low. B．It is easy to find. C．It opens early every day. D．The rice noodles there taste great. 3．Why doesn’t Chen Xueyi want to open a larger rice noodle restaurant? A．He doesn’t need to make money any more. B．He is too busy to own a larger rice noodle restaurant. C．He thinks only a few people enjoy eating his rice noodles. D．He sells no more than 300 bowls of rice noodles every day. 4．Which of the following is the most important to make nice rice noodles according to Chen? A．Preparing fresh toppings. B．Using pork bones to make the soup. C．Trying your best to put your heart into it. D．Adding spring onions, salt, soy sauce and meat. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了长沙一家米粉店老板陈学义的日常工作和他对制作米粉的用心。 【详解】 1．根据文章第三段中的步骤描述“Chen goes to the market to buy fresh pork bones first. Then he uses the pork bones to make the soup”可知，第一步是买骨头，第二步（Then）是用猪骨做汤。 2．根据文章第二段“it’s famous for its delicious rice noodles”以及第四段“The tasty dish brings in a large number of people every day”可知，当地人和游客去陈学义的餐馆是因为那里的米粉味道很好。 3．根据文章第四段中陈学义说的话“I’m happy to have more guests, but I am too busy now, so it would be good to keep it a small restaurant”可知，他不想开大店是因为现在太忙了。 4．根据文章最后一段“To make nice rice noodles, everything needs to be fresh, but the most important is that you have to put your heart into it”可知，陈学义认为做出好米粉最重要的是用心去做。 二、阅读填空 Passage A Fotiaoqiang is a famous traditional soup dish from Fujian Province. It is made by slowly cooking over 20 ingredients (原料) together, including chicken, duck and pork. 1 It’s said that it was first made in 1876 by the wife of a Fuzhou official when she cooked for an important guest. She put chicken, duck, pork, and seafood into an empty wine jar and slowly cooked them according to an old recipe (食谱). 2 Later, he even sent his chef, Zheng Chunfa, to learn the recipe. Zheng improved the recipe and then opened a restaurant called Sanyouzhai, where he served it to his customers. One day, some writers visited the restaurant and tried the dish. When Zheng opened the jar, the smell was so amazing that a writer joked, “ 3 ”. That’s how the dish got its funny name—fotiaoqiang. Fotiaoqiang is a dish that takes much time to prepare. First, all the different meats and seafood are cooked separately to bring out their best tastes. Then they’re all placed together in a large clay pot (陶罐) with a kind of soup made from chicken, duck and pork. The pot is usually covered with a lotus leaf (荷叶) to keep all the smells inside and cooked on very low fire for a long time. 4 It also makes the soup taste stronger and richer, and turns all the meats and seafood super soft. 5 And many people travel to Fujian just to taste this special traditional dish. A．The guest was amazed by the dish. B．This dish has a history of over 100 years. C．Even the Buddha (佛) would jump over the wall to taste it! D．These ingredients are carefully chosen for their freshness. E．The slow cooking helps different foods mix their tastes perfectly. F．Fujian people are very proud of this traditional food. G．Zheng Chunfa spent three years making the recipe better. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了佛跳墙的由来和做法。 1．根据“It’s said that it was first made in 1876 by the wife of a Fuzhou official when she cooked for an important guest.”可知，此处应是介绍佛跳墙的历史，选项B“这道菜有一百多年的历史了。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“Later, he even sent his chef, Zheng Chunfa, to learn the recipe.”可知，官员的客人对这道菜的评价很高，选项A“客人对这道菜感到惊奇。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“That’s how the dish got its funny name—fotiaoqiang.”可知，此处应是解释佛跳墙名字的由来，选项C“即使佛也会跳墙来品尝它！”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据“The pot is usually covered with a lotus leaf (荷叶) to keep all the smells inside and cooked on very low fire for a long time.”可知，此处应是介绍慢慢烹饪的好处，选项E“这种缓慢的烹饪有助于不同的食物完美地混合它们的口味。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据“And many people travel to Fujian just to taste this special traditional dish.”可知，此处应该介绍福建人的感受，选项F“福建人民对这种传统食物非常自豪。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage B Dumplings are one of the most popular foods in the world. They not only fill your stomach but also warm your heart. 1 Dumplings first appeared (出现) in the late Spring and Autumn period (时期). And people in different places make them in their own ways. Everyone, young or old, loves eating dumplings, especially during holidays. 2 First, mix (混合) flour and water to make dough (面团). These simple things are the secret to making good dumplings. Then, get the filling (馅料) ready. You can use meat like pork or beef, and mix it with fresh vegetables. Roll (揉) the dough into small, round pieces, put the filling in the middle, and fold the dough shut. After that, you can cook them by boiling, steaming or frying. 3 Steamed dumplings have soft skins and juicy fillings. They’re healthy and tasty. Fried dumplings, though, have a crispy (脆的) outside that’s fun to bite into. Some dumplings even have sweet red bean paste (红豆沙) inside, which tastes really different. 4 Dumplings are great for all kinds of times. Families often make dumplings together during festivals while chatting and having a good time. 5 A lot of cooking lovers try to create new fillings to make dumplings the highlight of any event (事件), big or small. A．They’re also perfect for a quick meal at a restaurant. B．Making dumplings starts with basic ingredients (原材料). C．They have a long and cool history. D．There are many kinds of dumplings. E．They all like eating dumplings. F．These cooking ways make dumplings taste different but all delicious. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了饺子的历史悠久，做法多样、种类丰富，深受人们喜爱，常在节日食用。 【详解】 1．空1后文介绍饺子最早出现于春秋后期，对应C选项“它们有着悠久且有意思的历史”，引出饺子历史的话题。 2．空2后文介绍制作饺子先混合面粉水做面团、准备馅料等步骤，对应B选项“包饺子从基础的原材料开始”，总起饺子制作的内容。 3．空3后文分别介绍蒸饺、煎饺、甜馅饺子等不同种类的饺子特点，对应D选项“饺子有很多种类”，总起不同饺子品类的介绍。 4．空4前文介绍了蒸饺、煎饺等不同种类的饺子，对应F选项“这些烹饪方式让饺子口感不同但都很美味”，总结烹饪方式带来的不同口感。 5．空5前文提到饺子适合节日家庭聚餐的场景，A选项“它们也很适合在餐馆里作为一顿简餐”，补充饺子的另一适用场景，和后文爱好者创新馅料的内容衔接自然。 Passage C 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 These days, Max Burns has become popular on the Internet. The British boy is interested in Chinese food. 1 Max’s love for Chinese food started from a young age. He lived with his family in Qingdao for the first 6 years of his life and then they moved to Beijing. 2 When his family moved to the UK again in 2016, he often missed that. It’s difficult to change eating habits. Though he didn’t live in China anymore, he loved to eat Chinese food. 3 Then he had the idea of making Chinese food by himself. He also made some cooking videos (视频) and shared them online. 4 Over 3 million people watch his videos every day. They can learn to make all kinds of Chinese food from his videos, like jianbing and zongzi. Max usually teaches cooking in a simple way. “When people ask me where I’m from, I find it hard to answer it. I grew up in China, but I’m now living in the UK,” he says. “ 5 I hope to share Chinese and British culture with people of the two countries.” A．Now the cooking videos are very popular. B．And he is trying to teach people how to make it online. C．I want to build a cultural bridge between China and Britain. D．They could find all kinds of street food and restaurants near their house. E．He decided to order Chinese food online, but the food always disappointed him. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了英国男孩Max Burns因在中国长大而热爱中国美食，并通过制作烹饪视频在网络上分享，成为网红的故事。 【详解】 1．根据“The British boy is interested in Chinese food”以及“These days, Max Burns has become popular on the Internet.”可知，Max对中国美食感兴趣，并通过网络教人们制作中国菜，选项B“他正在尝试教人们如何在线制作它。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“He lived with his family in Qingdao for the first 6 years of his life and then they moved to Beijing…When his family moved to the UK again in 2016, he often missed that.”可知，Max在中国生活期间接触过许多中国美食，选项D“他们可以在家附近找到各种街头小吃和餐馆。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Though he didn’t live in China anymore, he loved to eat Chinese food.”以及“Then he had the idea of making Chinese food by himself.”可知，此处解释为何他开始自己制作中国菜，选项E“他决定在线订购中国菜，但食物总是让他失望。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“Over 3 million people watch his videos every day.”可知，Max的视频非常受欢迎，选项A“现在这些烹饪视频非常受欢迎。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“I hope to share Chinese and British culture with people of the two countries.”可知，Max希望成为中英文化的桥梁，选项C“我想在中英之间搭建一座文化桥梁。”符合语境。故选C。 Passage D 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 All around the world, people drink tea. 1 Here are some countries and their tea-drinking habits. 2 The Chinese drink it at any time of the day at home or in tea houses. They like to drink plain tea (素茶) best. Tea is very important in Japan. The Japanese have a special way of serving tea called the “tea ceremony (茶道)”. It is very old and full of meaning. People do everything in a special way in the ceremony (典礼、仪式). There is even a special room for it in Japanese homes. Another tea-drinking country is England, and the late afternoon is people’s “teatime”. Almost everyone has a cup of tea then. The British usually make tea in a teapot and drink it with milk and sugar. 3 Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea. 4 In summer, many Americans drink “iced tea”. A．We like drinking tea B．They also eat cakes, chocolate and a few candies at teatime. C．But in different countries, people have very different ideas about drinking tea. D．It is fast and easy to use tea bags to make tea. E．In China, for example, people always serve the tea when people get together. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要写了全世界的人们都喝茶，但是不同国家有着不一样的饮茶习惯，文章分别介绍了中国、日本、英国、美国这几个国家各自的喝茶风俗。 【详解】 1．上文总述全世界喝茶，下文分述各国习惯。C项“But in different countries, people have very different ideas about drinking tea.”通过转折引出各国差异，起到承上启下的作用，符合逻辑。 2．本段主要介绍中国的饮茶习惯。E项“In China, for example, people always serve the tea when people get together.”以“In China”开头，明确点出本段主题，与下文“The Chinese drink it…”紧密衔接。 3．本段讲述英国的下午茶习惯。上文提到喝茶加奶糖，B项“They also eat cakes, chocolate and a few candies at teatime.”补充说明茶歇时间还会吃蛋糕等点心，丰富了英国喝茶习惯的描述。 4．上文提到美国人通常使用茶包。D项“It is fast and easy to use tea bags to make tea.”解释了使用茶包的原因（快且方便），与上文提到的“tea bags”紧密呼应。 二、完形填空 Passage A 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Making dumplings is one of my favorite family activities. Every weekend, my family and I 1 make dumplings together. It’s not just about eating—it’s about spending happy time with each other. First, we need to get ready for the ingredients. We usually buy 2 pork, cabbage, carrots and dumpling skins from the supermarket. My mother 3 the pork into small pieces, and my father cuts the cabbage and carrots. I like to help 4 the ingredients in a big bowl. Then we add some salt, oil and soy sauce (酱油) to make the filling (馅料) 5 . Next, it’s time to make the dumplings. My grandma teaches me how to fold the skins. At first, I always make dumplings that look “funny”, but my family 6 laughs and encourages me. After a few tries, I can make beautiful dumplings 7 . My little brother likes to put too much filling in his dumplings—sometimes the filling falls out when we cook them! Finally, we 8 the dumplings in boiling water. When they float (漂浮) to the top, they are ready to eat. We sit around the table and enjoy the hot dumplings. My mother often says, “Dumplings taste better 9 we make them together.” I love making dumplings with my family. It makes me feel warm and happy. I hope we 10 this tradition for a long time. 1．A．never B．often C．hardly D．seldom 2．A．some B．any C．many D．much 3．A．cuts B．will cut C．cut D．is cutting 4．A．mix B．mixing C．mixed D．mixes 5．A．terrible B．salty C．delicious D．sour 6．A．only B．still C．even D．just 7．A．easily B．slowly C．quickly D．carefully 8．A．boil B．boiling C．boiled D．are boiling 9．A．if B．when C．because D．though 10．A．keep B．will keep C．kept D．are keeping 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者每周末与家人一起包饺子的温馨过程，体现了家庭团聚的快乐，表达了希望长久保持这一传统的愿望。 【详解】 1．句意：每周末，我和家人经常一起包饺子。 根据“favorite”和“Every weekend”，可知是经常性的活动。应选用often“经常”。 2．句意：我们通常从超市买一些猪肉、白菜、胡萝卜和饺子皮。 肯定句中表示“一些”用some。any“任何”用于否定或疑问句；many“许多”修饰可数名词；much“许多”修饰不可数名词但多用于否定/疑问。 3．句意：我妈妈把猪肉切成小块，爸爸切白菜和胡萝卜。 全文为一般现在时，主语“My mother”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用cuts。 4．句意：我喜欢帮忙搅拌大碗里的食材。 help (to) do sth.为固定搭配，help后接动词原形。应选用mix“搅拌”。 5．句意：然后我们加入盐、油和酱油，让馅料变得美味。 加调料是为了提升味道，delicious“美味的”符合积极语境。 6．句意：起初我包得难看，但家人只是笑笑并且鼓励我。 饺子包得丑，但家人只是笑笑，还鼓励我，体现包容与支持。应选用just“只是”。only“仅仅”、still“仍然”及even“甚至”无法体现这种持续的鼓励态度。 7．句意：经过几次尝试后，我能轻松地包出漂亮的饺子。 经过练习后技能提升，操作变得“容易”。应选用easily“容易地”。 8．句意：最后，我们在沸水中煮饺子。 叙述习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语“we”，谓语动词用原形boil“煮”。 9．句意：妈妈常说：“当我们一起包饺子时，饺子吃起来更香。” 强调一起做的时刻，when“当……时候”引导时间状语从句最自然。if“如果”表假设、because“因为”表原因、though“虽然”表让步，均不如when贴切。 10．句意：我希望我们将长期保持这个传统。 “hope”后从句表将来愿望，“for a long time”暗示将来，应选用will keep。 Passage B Whenever I smell the apple pie, I think of my grandma. She was the best host in our family, 1 welcoming us with a smile and a homemade treat. Her kitchen was a magical place where 2 ingredients turned into something special. I remember helping her make apple pies when I was little. She let me stir the 3 of cinnamon, sugar and thinly sliced (被切片的) apples. “The 4 is to keep balanced, ” she said. “A little 5 , along with the smell of cinnamon—just like life.” As I grew older, baking together became our habit. Even on busy days, she stopped doing everything 6 I visited. We talked about school, friends and dreams while the pie was baked. The kitchen was 7 light and the smell of love. Last summer, Grandma taught me how to bake apple pies. “You can be the host someday, ” she 53 .But her eyes were serious, passing down more than just instructions. This morning, I baked my first pie. 8 the pie looked a little terrible, the sweet smell filled my kitchen. Some mixtures aren’t just about smell—they’re about the love we 55 into them. And that’s a recipe no book can teach. 1．A．hardly B．seldom C．never D．always 2．A．ancient B．simple C．difficult D．tiny 3．A．heat B．mess C．mixture D．ingredient 4．A．secret B．dream C．plan D．job 5．A．rubbish B．treasure C．glue D．sweetness 6．A．wherever B．until C．whenever D．whatever 7．A．made of B．filled with C．tired of D．shared with 8．A．joked B．solved C．imagined D．communicated 9．A．Before B．Although C．Until D．Because 10．A．protect B．store C．disappoint D．mix 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文通过作者回忆祖母制作苹果派的温馨往事，讲述了祖母用简单的食材制作出美味的苹果派，并在制作过程中传递出的生活哲理和爱。文章表达了作者对祖母的深切怀念，以及从祖母那里学到的关于生活和爱的真谛——爱是无法从书本上学到的配方。 【详解】 1．句意：她是我们家最好的女主人，总是微笑着用自制的款待欢迎我们。 根据上下文可知，前文提到“She was the best host in our family”，作为最好的主人，对待客人的态度应该是热情且持续的。hardly意为“几乎不”，seldom意为“很少”，never意为“从不”，这三个词均表示否定含义，与“最好的女主人”这一人设矛盾，均不符合语境；always意为“总是”，符合语境。 2．句意：她的厨房是一个神奇的地方，简单的食材在那里变成了特别的东西。 根据上下文及常识可知，后文提到的cinnamon、sugar和apples都是常见的普通食材，这与后文的“something special”形成对比，突显厨房的“magical”。ancient意为“古老的”，difficult意为“困难的”，tiny意为“微小的”，均不符合语境；simple意为“简单的”，符合语境。 3．句意：她让我搅拌肉桂、糖和切得很薄的苹果的混合物。 此处指的是将后文提到的几种东西混合在一起的状态。heat意为“热量”，mess意为“混乱/脏乱”，ingredient意为“原料”，均不符合语境；mixture意为“混合物”，符合语境。 4．句意：“秘诀在于保持平衡，”她说。 根据上下文可知，祖母在传授做派的经验，这通常被称为烹饪的“秘诀”或“窍门”。dream意为“梦想”，plan意为“计划”，job意为“工作”，均不符合语境；secret意为“秘密/秘诀”，符合语境。 5．句意：“一点甜味，伴随着肉桂的香味——就像生活一样。” 根据上下文可知，前文提到了sugar，且后文提到“like life”。rubbish意为“垃圾”，treasure意为“宝藏”，glue意为“胶水”，均不符合语境；sweetness意为“甜味/甜蜜”，既对应了糖的味道，也升华了生活的寓意，符合语境。 6．句意：即使在忙碌的日子里，每当我来访时，她都会停下手中的一切事情。 根据上下文可知，这里引导的是一个时间状语从句，表示“每当……的时候”。wherever意为“无论哪里”，until意为“直到”，whatever意为“无论什么”，均不符合语境；whenever意为“无论何时/每当”，符合语境。 7．句意：厨房里充满了光和爱的味道。 根据上下文可知，这是一个固定搭配，表示“充满……”。made of意为“由……制成”，tired of意为“厌倦”，shared with意为“与……分享”，均不符合语境；filled with意为“充满”，符合语境。 8．句意：“总有一天你可以成为女主人，”她开玩笑说。 根据上下文可知，后文提到“But her eyes were serious”，其中的转折连词But表明前文她的语气应该是轻松的、非严肃的，与serious形成对比。solved意为“解决”，imagined意为“想象”，communicated意为“交流”，这三个词均无法与后文的serious形成逻辑上的转折对比，均不符合语境；joked意为“开玩笑”，符合语境。 9．句意：虽然这个派看起来有点糟糕，但甜美的气味充满了我的厨房。 根据上下文可知，前半句“looked a little terrible”和后半句“sweet smell filled my kitchen”之间存在转折关系：虽然卖相不好，但味道很好。Before意为“在……之前”，Until意为“直到”，Because意为“因为”，均不符合语境；Although意为“虽然/尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。 10．句意：有些混合物不仅仅是关于气味——它们关乎我们要融入其中的爱。 根据上下文可知，这里呼应了文章的主题，爱是被“加入”或“混合”进食物里的。protect意为“保护”，store意为“储存”，disappoint意为“使失望”，均不符合语境；mix意为“混合”，与前文的mixtures相呼应，表示将爱混合在食物中，符合语境。 Passage C 请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Now over the years, real Chinese snacks have become more popular in foreign countries. In the United States, people are eating roujiamo. Many people 1 roujiamo from Shaanxi Province of China the “Chinese hamburger”. It has two pieces of bread 2 delicious meat between them. A blog even 3 roujiamo as “the world’s first hamburger”. It is very 4 to the American hamburger. In fact, it has a long 5 in China. In Russia, hundreds of tanghulu were sold out in just a few hours. Tanghulu is a traditional Chinese snack that is 6 fruit, usually Chinese hawthorns (山楂). It is a bit like candy apples in the US. They are the hawthorns with sugar candy. A stick (棍) is pushed into the fruit so you can 7 it like a lollipop (棒棒糖). Some Chinese people think tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle gourd (葫芦). That’s 8 it has this name. Of course, the new kind made of other fresh fruit such as strawberries and oranges has also 9 in China now. Youtiao is like a popular snack in Spain. Some people outside China eat youtiao as well. For example, people in Malaysia eat it. They often 10 it with milk tea or noodles. In Indonesia, they eat it with porridge instead of doujiang in China. 1．A．borrow B．call C．learn D．come 2．A．with B．into C．from D．over 3．A．guides B．allows C．serves D．sees 4．A．different B．famous C．similar D．lucky 5．A．connection B．dream C．history D．secret 6．A．made of B．made up C．kept on D．filled with 7．A．give B．set C．hold D．hope 8．A．why B．what C．how D．where 9．A．stored B．appeared C．changed D．heard 10．A．heat B．fill C．make D．eat 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了肉夹馍、糖葫芦和油条这三种中国小吃在国外受欢迎的情况，以及它们的制作特点和食用方式。 【详解】 1．句意：许多人把中国陕西的肉夹馍称为“中国汉堡”。 根据后文“Chinese hamburger”这一名称以及“A blog even ... roujiamo as 'the world’s first hamburger'”可知，此处指人们给肉夹馍起了一个别称。空处需填表示“称呼、叫作”的动词，call“称作、叫”符合语境，borrow“借”、learn“学习”、come“来”均不符。 2．句意：它有两片面包，中间夹着美味的肉。 根据“two pieces of bread”与“delicious meat between them”的搭配关系，可知此处描述面包和肉的组合状态。空处需填表示“带有、夹着”的介词，with“带有、附有”符合语境，into“进入”、from“来自”、over“在……上方”均不符。 3．句意：一个博客甚至把肉夹馍看作“世界上第一个汉堡”。 根据后文“as the world’s first hamburger”，可知此处指博客对肉夹馍的评价。空处需填表示“看作、视为”的动词，sees“看待、视为”符合语境，guides“引导”、allows“允许”、serves“服务、提供”均不符。 4．句意：它和美国的汉堡非常相似。 根据前文把肉夹馍称为“中国汉堡”、又被称为“世界上第一个汉堡”，可知两者在外形和构成上接近。空处需填表示“相似的”形容词，similar“相似的”符合语境，different“不同的”、famous“著名的”、lucky“幸运的”均不符。 5．句意：事实上，它在中国有很长的历史。 根据“In fact”转折强调肉夹馍并非新近舶来，以及中国小吃源远流长的常识，可知此处指其存在时间久。空处需填表示“历史”的名词，history“历史”符合语境，connection“联系”、dream“梦想”、secret“秘密”均不符。 6．句意：糖葫芦是一种由水果制成的传统中国小吃，通常是山楂。 根据后文“usually Chinese hawthorns”及“They are the hawthorns with sugar candy”可知糖葫芦的原材料是水果。空处需填表示“由……制成（能看出原材料）”的短语，made of“由……制成”符合语境，made up“编造、组成”、kept on“继续”、filled with“装满”均不符。 7．句意：一根棍子插进水果里，这样你可以像棒棒糖一样拿着它。 根据“A stick is pushed into the fruit”以及“like a lollipop”可知，插棍子是为了方便手持食用。空处需填表示“拿、握”的动词，hold“握着、拿着”符合语境，give“给”、set“放置”、hope“希望”均不符。 8．句意：那就是它叫这个名字的原因。 根据前文“Some Chinese people think tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle gourd”解释名称由来，可知此处说明因果。空处需填表示“为什么”的连接词，why“为什么、……的原因”符合语境，what“什么”、how“如何”、where“哪里”均不符。 9．句意：当然，由草莓、橙子等其他新鲜水果制成的新品种现在也出现在中国。 根据“the new kind made of other fresh fruit”以及“now”可知新品种是近期才有的。空处需填表示“出现”的动词，appeared“出现”符合语境，stored“储存”、changed“改变”、heard“听见”均不符。 10．句意：他们经常把它和奶茶或面条一起吃。 根据“people in Malaysia eat it”以及“with milk tea or noodles”可知此处描述食用方式。空处需填表示“吃”的动词，eat“吃”符合语境，heat“加热”、fill“装满”、make“制作”均不符。 三、任务型阅读 Passage A Ice cream is a delicious treat that many people love. But do you know how milk turns into ice cream? Let’s see the process step by step. On the farm, cows eat lots of food and drink a lot of water. They help cows produce milk. A healthy cow can make about one hundred glasses of milk each day. That is really amazing! Next, trucks come to pick up the fresh milk. These trucks have big tanks to keep the milk cold. Then they drive the milk to factories. In the factory, workers start by separating the milk into cream and skim milk (脱脂牛奶). After that, they mix cream, milk, sugar and other things like chocolate or vanilla flavour. The mixture is heated to kill any germs. Then it is cooled down. A machine whips (搅打) the mix to make it smooth. Now it is time to add flavorings (调味香料). Fruit, nuts or biscuits can be added too. This makes the ice cream taste even better. After adding flavors, the ice cream is cooled again. Now it becomes very hard and ready to eat. Finally, trucks take the ice cream to shops. Now you can buy it and enjoy this sweet treat! Learning about how milk becomes ice cream is interesting. It shows how food is made with care. Next time you eat ice cream, you will know more about its journey from farm to your mouth! 1．What helps cows produce milk? 2．How do trucks keep the milk cold during transportation? 3．Why do they heat the mixture in the factory? 4．What may Step 2 be according to paragraph 4? 5．What does the writer think of learning about food making? 【答案】1．Lots of food and water. 2．With big tanks. 3．To kill any germs. 4．Mixing. 5．It is interesting. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了牛奶变成冰淇淋的制作过程。 【详解】 1．第二段“On the farm, cows eat lots of food and drink a lot of water. They help cows produce milk.”已点明是什么帮助奶牛产奶。故填Lots of food and water. 2．第三段“These trucks have big tanks to keep the milk cold.”已点明卡车在运输过程中如何保持牛奶低温。故填With big tanks. 3．第四段“The mixture is heated to kill any germs.”已点明在工厂里加热混合物的原因。故填To kill any germs. 4．第四段“In the factory, workers start by separating the milk into cream and skim milk… After that, they mix cream, milk, sugar and other things… The mixture is heated…”已点明第二步是混合。故填Mixing. 5．最后一段“Learning about how milk becomes ice cream is interesting.”指出作者认为了解食物制作过程是很有趣的。故填It is interesting. Passage B 根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 Recently, train companies (公司) have asked people not to eat foods with strong smells on high-speed trains, such as instant noodles (方便面). What do you think? Should trains ban (禁止) instant noodles? Chen Yi’an: For me, eating food with a strong smell on the train is fine. A train journey often takes many hours, which means eating is important. Fast food like instant noodles is very convenient. Also, fast food is cheap. For example, instant noodles cost only a few yuan, while food on trains often costs more than 40 yuan. Also, it is difficult to decide what food should be banned. Different people have different standards (标准). This makes it hard to create a fair rule. He Liyan: I believe that instant noodles should be banned on high-speed trains. The air in trains does not move well, so the smell stays for a long time. It can make other passengers feel sick. Passengers can eat before getting on the train or bring other foods like sandwiches, fruits or snacks that have little smell. In public spaces, we should always think about the feelings of those around us. Staying clear of smelly foods is a simple way to show respect and keep the train nice for everyone. Luo Yiwei: Instant noodles are cheap and easy to make, needing only hot water. If they are banned on trains, many people would lose their easiest meal choice. However, smelly food can affect others. So it is important to find ways to deal with it. For example, the train company could set up a special coach in every train. People who want to eat smelly food could enjoy their meal there. The trains could also sell cheap snacks that don’t smell much. 1．Why does Chen Yi’an think it is fine to eat food with a strong smell on the train? 2．How can passengers show respect to others on trains according to He Liyan? 3．What other foods does He Liyan advise people to bring instead of instant noodles? 4．What things does Luo Yiwei advise train companies to do to solve the problem? 5．Do you agree with eating foods with strong smells on trains? Give one reason for your answer. 【答案】1．Because eating is important, it is convenient and cheap, and it is hard to create a fair rule. 2．By staying clear of smelly foods. 3．Sandwiches, fruits or snacks that have little smell. 4．Set up a special coach and sell cheap snacks that don't smell much. 5．No, I don’t. Because strong smells may make other passengers uncomfortable. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述人们对于高铁上是否应当禁止气味浓烈食物（方便面）的不同观点。 【详解】 1．根据Chen Yi’an的发言部分“For me, eating food with a strong smell on the train is fine. A train journey often takes many hours, which means eating is important. Fast food like instant noodles is very convenient. Also, fast food is cheap…Different people have different standards. This makes it hard to create a fair rule.”可知，Chen Yi’an认为在火车上吃气味大的食物没问题，是因为吃饭很重要，快餐方便、便宜，并且很难制定公平的规则，答案为原文直接提取信息。 2．根据He Liyan的发言部分“Staying clear of smelly foods is a simple way to show respect and keep the train nice for everyone.”可知，He Liyan认为乘客在火车上避开气味大的食物就可以表示尊重，答案为原文直接提取信息。 3．根据He Liyan的发言部分“Passengers can eat before getting on the train or bring other foods like sandwiches, fruits or snacks that have little smell.”可知，He Liyan建议人们可以携带三明治、水果或者气味很小的零食，答案为原文直接提取信息。 4．根据Luo Yiwei的发言部分“For example, the train company could set up a special coach in every train. People who want to eat smelly food could enjoy their meal there. The trains could also sell cheap snacks that don’t smell much.”可知，Luo Yiwei建议铁路公司设立专门车厢，同时售卖气味不大的廉价零食，答案为原文直接提取信息。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需要结合文本事实作答，写出自己的态度并给出一条合理理由即可。 Passage C 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 The hot pot is one of the most popular meals in China. The hot pot appeared in China about 2,000 years ago. It still appears on tables all year round. Apart from (除……之外) its delicious taste, there are two other important reasons for the Chinese to like the hot pot. The first one is that the hot pot is a great way to make new friends. People sit around the pot, talking, eating, drinking and having fun. When people enjoy the hot pot, it will make people feel comfortable and relaxed. The other is that the hot pot is a “healthy meal”. Eating the hot pot can warm the body and improve circulation (血液循环) in winter. There are several kinds of hot pots in China with different soup. Two of the most popular hot pots are Sichuan hot pot and Beijing mutton hot pot. Sichuan hot pot is famous for its numbing and spicy (又麻又辣的) taste because of Sichuan pepper. As for Beijing mutton hot pot, mutton is its main part, and the soup is made from lamb bones. When you eat a hot pot in a restaurant, there are usually two kinds of soup bases (汤底): clear and spicy. A clear soup base has a quite mild (清淡的) taste. It is made from (由……制成) seafood or meat bones. A spicy soup base usually has Sichuan pepper. It is spicy and salty. If you have a mixed group, you can choose a double-flavor hot pot (鸳鸯锅). It has a clear soup base on one side, a spicy soup base on the other and a divider in the middle. 1．When did the hot pot appear in China? 2．How do people feel when they enjoy the hot pot? 3．Why is the hot pot called a “healthy meal”? 4．Is Sichuan hot pot famous for its numbing and spicy taste? 5．Which soup base do you like better, clear or spicy? Why? 【答案】1．About 2,000 years ago. 2．They feel comfortable and relaxed. 3．Because it can warm the body and improve circulation in winter. 4．Yes, it is. 5．Clear. Because it has a quite mild taste. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了火锅在中国的历史、人们喜爱火锅的原因、火锅的种类以及餐厅中汤底的选择。 【详解】 1．原文第一段提到“The hot pot appeared in China about 2,000 years ago.”，因此火锅大约在2000年前出现在中国。 2．原文第二段提到“When people enjoy the hot pot, it will make people feel comfortable and relaxed.”，因此吃火锅时人们感到舒适和放松。 3．原文第二段提到“Eating the hot pot can warm the body and improve circulation in winter.”，因此火锅被称为“健康餐”是因为冬天吃火锅能温暖身体、促进血液循环。 4．原文第三段提到“Sichuan hot pot is famous for its numbing and spicy taste”，因此答案是肯定的。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，需选择喜欢的汤底并说明理由，逻辑清晰，语法正确，合理作答即可。 $