期中复习之概要补全15篇（重庆专用）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（人教版）

期中复习之概要补全15篇 （重庆专用） 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30 词，不能照抄原文连续超过3 个词。 Have you ever noticed that you feel sharper after exercising? Researchers from University College London have studied this interesting idea. Their study is mainly about how exercise influences our brains, especially in older adults. They have found that the influence of physical activities can remain even into the next day. In the study, 76 people aged between 50 and 83 took part in different physical activities. These activities, such as fast walking and climbing stairs, made their hearts beat faster. The scientists found that after the activities, the participants (参与者) felt sharper the next day. They not only had better focus, but also enjoyed better and more peaceful sleep. This is important because good sleep helps us think clearly and remember things better. The study also showed that more sitting and fewer physical activities led to worse cognitive (认知的) skills the next day. This means if you don’t move much, your brain might be less active. But why is exercise so beneficial to our brains? When we move our bodies and get our hearts beating, more oxygen (氧气) and nutrients (营养物) reach our brains, helping them work better. Exercise also leads to the production of something special called neurotransmitters (神经递质). They help us feel better and think more clearly. According to the study, we don’t have to go to a gym or follow a strict exercise plan to get these benefits. Simple activities, like playing sports or riding a bike, can help keep our mind sharp. Researchers from University College London did a study about the influence of exercise on people’s brains. They have found that 1 , especially for older people. Activities like fast walking helped the participants focus better and sleep better the next day, while 2 made their thinking worse. That is because 3 by bringing more oxygen and nutrients to it. To get these benefits, you just need to 4 . 【答案】1．exercise’s influence on brains can remain even into the next day 2．sitting more and moving less 3．exercise helps the brain work better 4．do simple activities like sports 【导语】本文介绍伦敦大学学院的一项研究，探究运动对大脑的影响，运动的作用可持续至次日，简单活动就能让大脑保持灵敏。 1．首段直接描述研究发现：运动带来的影响可以持续到第二天，尤其针对老年人。因此答案是对原文信息的概括。 2．第二段明确指出“more sitting and fewer physical activities led to worse cognitive skills the next day”。这是原文中的具体信息，概括提取。 3．第三段说明运动有益于大脑的原理，运动输送更多氧气和营养物质，帮助大脑更好运转。此答案是对该段信息的概括总结。 4．末段直接给出获取益处的方式，不必去健身房，做简单的活动就可以。因此答案是对原文信息的概括。 请根据文章内容，用自己的语言概括，在空白处填入恰当的短语或句子。 Brain Sport How good is your memory? How many words can you memorize in 15 minutes? Well, some people can memorize 335 words. Some people are even more amazing. For example, someone once memorized the order of 2,530 playing cards in just one hour! Just as there are sports competitions using our bodies, there are also sports competitions using our minds, such as the World Memory Championships. These were held in Wuhan, China, in 2019. There were many different events. For instance, the “brain athletes” had to remember as many names and faces as they could or as many words as possible in 15 minutes. While you might think that these competitors were all born with a strong memory, this is often not true. For example, one champion has an average memory, but he makes full use of memory techniques. So, if he wants to remember the names of the Great Lakes in the US, he thinks of HOMES, because each letter in HOMES stands for a different lake. Many competitors use what is called a “memory palace” to remember things. While most people are terrible at remembering lists, they are quite good at remembering where things are. Think about your bedroom. You can probably picture in your mind where everything in your bedroom is. Now, picture in your mind the things on the list in different places in your bedroom. Later, if you want to remember the words, all you need to do is to remember the picture. Memory competitions are not for everyone, and not everyone is a brain athlete. On the other hand, some of their memory techniques may be useful for you in your studies. You should give them a try! Brain Sport Memory can be trained and used in different ways. Some people can memorize a large number of words or playing cards in a short time. There are also memory competitions, such as the World Memory Championships. Being a successful “brain athlete” does not always mean having a naturally strong memory. Some competitors have an average memory but become champions by 1 . Another useful method is called a “memory palace,” which helps people remember things by connecting them with 2 . If they want to remember the words later, 3 . Memory competitions are not for everyone, but their techniques may help students. 4 . 【答案】1．making full use of memory techniques 2．familiar places 3．they just need to remember the picture 4．They should give these memory techniques a try 【导语】本文主要介绍了记忆力可以通过方法训练，世界记忆锦标赛的选手并非都天生记忆力超群，他们会运用记忆技巧（例如首字母缩写法、记忆宫殿法），这些记忆技巧也可以供学生学习尝试。 1．定位原文第三段：“one champion has an average memory, but he makes full use of memory techniques.”可推断出有些冠军记忆力普通，但是可以通过充分利用记忆技巧成为冠军，by是介词，后面接动名词，所以填making full use of memory techniques。 2．根据原文第四段“Many competitors use what is called a “memory palace” to remember things. While most people are terrible at remembering lists, they are quite good at remembering where things are...Later, if you want to remember the words, all you need to do is to remember the picture.”可推断出记忆宫殿就是把要记的东西和熟悉的地方联系起来，故填familiar places。 3．定位原文第四段末尾：“Later, if you want to remember the words, all you need to do is to remember the picture.”，可知如果他们想要记住这些词，只需要记住这张图片，故填they just need to remember the picture。 4．定位原文最后一段：“some of their memory techniques may be useful for you in your studies. You should give them a try!”可推断，他们的记忆技巧对学生的学习有用，所以学生可以试一试这些记忆技巧，故填They should give these memory techniques a try。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Have you heard of the “Odyssey (奥德赛) years”? This term is getting a lot of attention these days on Chinese social media. A popular lifestyle platform, the hashtag (话题标签) has already received 14.28 million views. So, where does this term come from? It was first introduced in 2007 by David Brooks, a columnist (专栏作家) for The New York Times. He was inspired by Homer’s Odyssey, an ancient Greek epic (史诗) in which the hero Odysseus spent ten years finding his way home, facing storms, unfamiliar lands, and repeated setbacks. Similarly, the term “Odyssey years” describes a long journey filled with uncertain and confusing feelings from school to working life, usually happening in one’s 20s and early 30s. Why do young people get into this situation? On the one hand, our rapidly changing world makes the old ways to success no longer work. On the other hand, their own lives are all about uncertainty. They may move from one job to another, find it hard to keep close relationships, or feel unsure about who they are. However, there is no need to fear the “Odyssey years”. Rather than see it as a failure, many young people try to enjoy the journey, as it, in part, offers them chances to learn more about their own interests and goals, and make progress by exploring more in life. For young students like you, remember: the “Odyssey years” are just another chapter in your life story. Take your time to try new things, and trust that every step brings you closer to where you want to be. The “Odyssey years” have become popular on Chinese social media recently. This term is inspired by Homer’s Odyssey, an ancient Greek epic. It tells how 1 . Similarly, this term stands for a special time for young people. They feel 2 when experiencing this period. This situation mainly results from 3 . However, there’s no need to panic. This period is not a sign of failure but a meaningful journey because 4 . 【答案】1．Odysseus spent a decade finding home 2．uncertain and confused 3．changing world and uncertainty 4．it helps people find their true interests and aims 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“Odyssey years”这一术语在社交媒体上的流行、其词源、含义、产生的原因以及年轻人应持有的积极态度。 1．根据文章第二段“Odysseus spent ten years finding his way home”可知，史诗讲述了奥德修斯花费十年寻找回家之路的故事。结合空格前“It tells how”，需填入从句内容，且注意不能连续照抄超过3词。故填Odysseus spent a decade finding home。 2．根据文章第二段“filled with uncertain and confusing feelings”可知，年轻人在经历这一时期时会感到不确定和困惑。空格前为“They feel”，需填入形容词作表语。故填uncertain and confused。 3．根据原文第三段“On the one hand, our rapidly changing world…On the other hand, their own lives are all about uncertainty.”可知，这种情况来源于快速变化的世界与生活中的不确定性，整合两处信息，故填changing world and uncertainty。 4．根据文章第四段“as it, in part, offers them chances to learn more about their own interests and goals”可知，这段旅程可以给年轻人机会去了解自身兴趣与目标，空格前为“because”，需填入原因状语从句。故填it helps people find their true interests and aims。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Do you ever get caught up in tiny details? Learning to take a step back and see the bigger picture helps you understand things more clearly. What is seeing the bigger picture? This means stepping back in your mind so you can understand a situation more clearly. When you stand further away from something, such as a tree, you can then see its whole shape. Psychologist (an expert in how people think and feel) Dr Helen Miles says this can work with your thoughts too. When we’re upset or worried we often zoom in (拉近镜头，聚焦) on tiny details, such as if we argue with a friend. Seeing the bigger picture means noticing the whole shape of your friendship, including all the times you’ve been there for each other. How can this help me? Trying to see things in different ways—also called “having perspective”—isn’t always easy, but it’s an important skill. Learning to zoom out also helps you feel less stressed. Scientists who study how our eyes and brains work together say that paying attention to what’s happening around you, and not just one tiny detail, helps your mind to relax. Stepping back and seeing things differently also builds empathy, which means understanding how other people feel. This makes it easier to get along with others, solve problems and build stronger friendships. How can I learn to see the bigger picture? Your brain naturally zooms in on whatever is in front of you, but you also need to try and see the wider view, Dr Miles explains. One way to practise this is by being mindful-noticing things around you. Next time you’re walking to school, instead of only thinking about what might be there when you arrive, try paying attention to what’s around you at that moment. You might hear birds singing or see people passing by. Dr Miles says this helps to “allow ourselves to notice other things on the journey”, not just the destination (终点), which makes our minds feel calmer and more balanced. Seeing the bigger picture means stepping back in your mind to understand a whole situation rather than focusing on small things. When we face difficulties, 1 helps us reduce stress and understand others better. However, our brains usually focus on tiny details. To change this habit, we can practice mindfulness on daily journeys through 2 . By doing so, we can learn a useful skill that 3 . Therefore, if you want to feel relaxed, you should 4 . 【答案】1．seeing things differently 2．noticing things around 3．builds stronger friendships 4．learn to zoom out 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“看到大局”的含义、好处以及学习这种方法的具体建议。 1．根据文章第3段Stepping back and seeing things differently also builds empathy (退一步并以不同方式看待事物也能建立同理心)”可推知，面对困难时，换个角度看问题有助于理解他人。seeing things differently符合语境。 2．根据文章第4段“being mindful-noticing things around you (保持正念——注意你周围的事物)”可推知，日常旅程中可以通过关注周围事物来练习正念。故填noticing things around。 3．根据文章第3段“build stronger friendships (建立更牢固的友谊)”可推知，这项技能有助于改善人际关系。builds stronger friendships符合语境。 4．根据文章第3段“Learning to zoom out also helps you feel less stressed (学会拉远镜头也能帮助你减轻压力)”可推知，想要放松应学会退一步看问题。故填learn to zoom out。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Grade Nine is a big challenge for most students. With senior high school entrance exams ahead, students face heavier learning tasks and tighter schedules. Many of them spend long hours studying every day and easily suffer from tiredness. If they don’t have proper adjustment (调节), they will be stressed out. To help Grade Nine students enjoy a better school life, experts give useful suggestions. First, keep regular physical exercise. Yu Sumei, a senior expert from the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, points out, “Regular sports not only improve teenagers’ physical health but also build up their mental health against study pressure.” Many students ignore (忽略) daily sports because of busy study. In fact, proper sports like running and jumping can strengthen the body and reduce study pressure greatly. Second, manage time in a wise way. For example, students can divide big tasks into smaller parts and finish them one by one in a short period of time. Making proper plans also helps students finish tasks efficiently and avoid unnecessary anxiety (焦虑). Therefore, they will learn faster and better. Third, stay away from negative feelings. It is normal to meet difficulties in study. If students lose heart easily, they can achieve nothing. It’s important that students should stay away from negative feelings by listening to music or watching a funny film. Grade Nine is a big challenge for students. Heavy schoolwork and tight schedules make them tired. Without proper adjustment, they will have 1 . Here is some advice. Students should take part in proper sports and 2 . What’s more, when they meet difficulties in study, 3 instead of losing heart. In conclusion, 4 . 【答案】1．much stress 2．manage time wisely 3．stay positive 4．they can live a better Grade Nine life 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了九年级学生面临的学习挑战及压力，并介绍了专家给出的三条建议，旨在帮助学生更好地享受学校生活。 1．原文第一段提到“If they don’t have proper adjustment, they will be stressed out.”，也就是没有恰当调节，他们会压力很大，所以第1空填“much stress”。 2．原文第四段讲第二条建议“manage time in a wise way”，要合理规划时间，所以第2空填“manage time wisely”。 3．原文第五段提到遇到学习困难要远离负面情绪，所以第3空填“stay positive”。 4．全文介绍三条帮助九年级学生应对压力的方法，所以第4空填“they can live a better Grade Nine life”。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 There are different methods to think and deal with troubles. Most people are used to direct thinking. For example, when the water in the flower pot cannot flow away, they will pour out the extra (多余的) water. Yet they can also make small holes at the bottom of the pot. This way is known as reverse (逆向的) thinking. It asks people to look at matters from the opposite (相反的) side. It works well when direct thinking cannot offer good answers. However, some people doubt it. They warn that it may produce terrible influences. For example, digging holes directly in a flower pot is easy, but it may break the whole pot. And because of this, the pot will become less valuable. Besides, depending too much on reverse thinking may lead to careless planning. So how to develop reverse thinking? First, discuss the question in an opposite way like “How can I make my speech terrible?”. Second, offer possible answers and choose at least two. That can give you lots of possibilities. For example, prepare nothing for it, speak too fast, or pay no attention to listeners. Third, think about the most important parts—preparing nothing and speaking too fast. Fourth, go back to your problem and reverse your solutions. I should make full preparations for my speech, slow down my speed, and care about my listeners’ feelings. All in all, reverse thinking is a helpful skill. Although it is not perfect, it still improves our ability to work out difficulties and encourages us to think in creative ways. Most people deal with troubles with direct thinking, but 1 . It means looking at matters from the opposite side. Although some people think it may produce terrible influences and 2 if they depend on it too much, it is useful in many aspects. 3 to develop reverse thinking. In short, it helps people improve their ability to work out difficulties and 4 . 【答案】1．reverse thinking is another method 2．cause careless planning 3．There are four ways 4．think creatively 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍逆向思维，讲解什么是逆向思维、人们对它的质疑以及培养逆向思维的方法，最后点明逆向思维的好处。 1．根据第一段“This way is known as reverse thinking.”可知，逆向思维是另一种思考方式，reverse thinking is another method符合句意。 2．根据第二段“depending too much on reverse thinking may lead to careless planning.”可知，过度依赖逆向思维会造成草率的计划，and前后连接并列结构，情态动词may后接动词原形，cause careless planning符合句意。 3．根据第三段“So how to develop reverse thinking?”以及后文列出的四点办法可知，有四种方式可以培养逆向思维，There are four ways符合句意。 4．根据第四段“encourages us to think in creative ways.”可知，逆向思维鼓励我们创造性地思考，and前后为并列结构，think creatively符合句意。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 In China, there is a warm and loving festival in late autumn. It is called the Winter Clothing Festival, or “Han Yi Jie” in Chinese. It comes on the first day of the tenth month in the lunar calendar, usually in November. On this special day, many people buy warm coats, sweaters, or gloves for their loved ones. In the past, mothers and grandmothers would make new cotton-padded jackets (棉袄) by hand. People also remember family members who have passed away. They send paper clothes into the fire. It is a way to show that we still care about them and hope they are not cold. The Winter Clothing Festival is full of love. It teaches us to take care of others, especially when the cold wind blows. And it teaches us to help others too. It also serves as an occasion to express gratitude. We are thankful to our parents for sheltering us with warmth in our childhood and providing us a home filled with affection. We are young, but we can take part in this festival too. We can help our parents put away summer clothes and take out winter clothes. We can give our old but good coats to children in need. We can also sit with our grandparents and listen to their stories. Also, we can tell our family, “Thank you for keeping me warm. I love you.” The Winter Clothing Festival serves as a ray of warmth in the cold season, which reminds us that love is the warmest coat on earth. Therefore, let us carry on this tradition filled with love and warmth. This passage mainly introduces 1 . The Winter Clothing Festival is a warm Chinese tradition in late autumn. On this day, people prepare warm clothes for their family to show their love and remember family members who have passed away. We 2 others and be thankful. Even children can play a part by helping at home, sharing their coats which are old yet in 3 , and spending time with family. This festival reminds us to 4 in cold seasons. 【答案】1．the customs and meaning of a Chinese festival 2．are taught to care for/to look after 3．good condition 4．carry on our traditions of love 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国寒衣节的时间、习俗、文化内涵以及青少年如何参与这一传统节日。 1．文章第一段中“In China, there is a warm and loving festival in late autumn. It is called the Winter Clothing Festival, or ‘Han Yi Jie’ in Chinese.”以及后续段落分别阐述了节日的习俗和意义表明，本空是对全文内容的概括总结，故填the customs and meaning of a Chinese festival。 2．第三段明确指出“It teaches us to take care of others”。这是原文中的具体信息，结合题目主语“We”，需转换为被动语态“are taught to…”。take care of的同义短语为care for或look after。故填are taught to care for/to look after。 3．文章第五段提到：“We can give our old but good coats to children in need”。题目中“sharing their coats which are old yet in…”与原文“old but good”对应，概括为“状况良好”。故填good condition。 4．文章最后一段直接给出了部分总结：“let us carry on this tradition filled with love and warmth.”。题目“This festival reminds us to…in cold seasons.”需要填入动词短语，结合文章核心主旨，答案几乎是原文引述的整合。故填carry on our traditions of love。 阅读文章，用恰当的句子或短语补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Walk into any classroom, and you will see students busy writing down every single word. But the best note-takers are not the fastest writers; they are the most careful listeners whose brains work hard taking notes during class. If you only copy blindly, your notes will be useless for your study. How can we make our notes serve us well in learning? To take notes that truly help you learn, active thinking is necessary in class. Writing down every word may seem safe, but it usually means your hands are busy while your mind is asleep. You need to write down the questions you want to know when you listen to the teachers because it can force your brain to process information on its own, so understanding begins the moment you write. Besides, use question marks to mark the difficulties and ask your teachers after class. In this way, taking notes becomes a way of thinking, not copying. However, even the best thinking will be wasted if you cannot find your ideas later, so it is equally important to have a clear recording on paper. A helpful skill here is the “split-page” (分页) system: draw a line one-third from the left, take detailed notes on the right, and write key words and questions on the left. The keywords on the left make you have a quick review — they point directly to the main points. The questions there also help to have a test on your own before every exam. In short, good notes do not need to be perfect and they are not to show off your handwriting. The real value of note-taking lies in how it helps us with our learning. Excellent note-takers keep their brains working when listening, so they pay more attention to careful listening instead of 1 . Rather than copy every word, you should keep the minds focused in class by writing down 2 while listening and marking some difficult points. You should also put information down in a well-organized form. The split-page system is helpful because you can benefit a lot by 3 . In short, notes will serve you well in learning if 4 each time you take notes. 【答案】1．fast writing 2．your questions/the questions 3．reviewing quickly and testing yourself 4．you think actively and record clearly 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何通过有效的记笔记方法来促进学习，强调了积极思考和整理笔记的重要性。 1．根据文章第1段“But the best note-takers are not the fastest writers; they are the most careful listeners whose brain work hard taking notes during class.”可知，优秀的笔记者注重倾听，而不是一味追求书写速度。结合空前“instead of”，应填fast writing。 2．根据文章第2段“You need to write down the questions you want to know”可知，课堂上应写下自己的问题以保持专注。 3．根据文章第3段“make you have a quick review”和“help to have a test on your own”可知，分页系统的益处在于复习和自我测试。介词“by”后需用动名词形式。 4．根据文章第2段“To take notes that truly help you learn, active thinking is necessary in class.”和第3段“so it is equally important to have a clear recording on paper”可知做好笔记的两个关键：课堂主动思考、笔记清晰有条理。if引导条件状语从句，需补充主语和谓语。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Food shortage (匮乏) is a big problem in the world. Right now, there are more than 1 billion hungry people in the world. Can you imagine many children go to sleep with an empty stomach, and many even die of hunger each year? What caused food shortage? First, there have been more disasters (灾难) recently. This is bad for farmers and hurts their ability to grow food. Also, a growing population makes feeding everyone more difficult. Another big reason is food waste. Most people don’t realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes we cook too much, or we don’t use it before it goes bad. The average person throws away 50 kg of food every year. More than one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year, according to the UN. That is 1.3 billion tons of good food being wasted. If the wasted food was saved, it could feed lots of people. The food wasted in Europe could feed 200 million people, and the food wasted in Latin America could feed 300 million people. So think twice next time you want to throw away extra food on your plate. By cutting down food waste, we could also help put food on the empty plate of some hungry children. It’s necessary for people to remember not to waste food. That’s why Oct. 16 is set up by the UN as World Food Day. How to reduce food waste? Do not order too much at a restaurant. Only order as much as you can eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home. Don’t be too picky (挑剔) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy food that is more than you can eat, especially vegetables and fruit. Food shortage is a serious problem. Many children go to sleep hungry and even 1 every year. 2 are disasters, a growing population, and above all, food waste. World Food Day is set up by the UN 3 . What can we do? We should 4 at a restaurant, take leftovers home, not be too picky, and avoid buying too much food. 【答案】1．lose their lives 2．The main causes 3．to remind people to avoid waste 4．order a proper amount of food 【导语】本文主要讲述全球粮食短缺问题，分析成因，介绍世界粮食日，并给出减少食物浪费的办法。 1．第一段指出“many even die of hunger each year”，die of hunger可以转述为lose their lives。故填lose their lives。 2．第二段指出“What caused food shortage? First…Also…Another big reason…”，本段介绍粮食短缺的主要原因。故填The main causes。 3．第四段指出“It’s necessary for people to remember not to waste food. That’s why Oct.16 is set up by the UN as World Food Day.”，设立世界粮食日是为提醒人们不要浪费粮食。故填to remind people to avoid waste。 4．第五段指出“Do not order too much at a restaurant. Only order as much as you can eat.”，概括为在餐馆适量点餐。故填order a proper amount of food。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 One of the most important activities of our life is sleep. World Sleep Day is a special day for sleeping. It’s been organized by the World Association of Sleep Medicine (WASM) since 2008 and it’s held on March 21st every year. The aim of World Sleep Day is to remind people of the importance of good sleep. Events including discussions, presentations of educational materials (教育材料展示) and shows take place around the world and online. Sleep quality (质量) plays a key role in people’s health. The studies show that there are lots of advantages (好处) if we always get enough sleep. We can be smarter, thinner, healthier and more cheerful. We’ll also have better skin, better memories and longer lives. In general, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, but a recent survey found that only 21% of them really get a full eight hours of sleep. For teenagers, a healthy amount (数量) is about eight to nine hours per night. However, about 80% of middle school students don’t get enough sleep because they have too much schoolwork to do, or sometimes they spend most of their sleeping time on games or TV. 27% of people throughout the world have sleep problems. Now there are over 80 kinds of sleep disorders (失调), but most people know little about their danger. So, for our good life and work, it’s necessary for us to realize the importance of sleep and try to have a good sleep. World Sleep Day, on March 21st, reminds us that 1 . Enough sleep helps us become healthier, smarter and happier. However, 2 . For example, only 21% of adults sleep eight hours each night.80% of middle school students aren’t able to get enough sleep because of 3 . About 27% of people worldwide have different sleep problems, but they still don’t realize the danger. So, we must take action to 4 our sleep. 【答案】1．good sleep is important 2．many people lack sleep 3．much schoolwork and games 4．improve 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍世界睡眠日，阐述优质睡眠的重要意义，同时指出当下很多人存在睡眠不足、睡眠失调的现实状况，呼吁人们重视睡眠。 1．根据第二段“ The aim of World Sleep Day is to remind people of the importance of good sleep.”可知，世界睡眠日旨在提醒人们优质睡眠十分重要，此处作宾语从句，转述原文含义，故填good sleep is important。 2．根据第四段“In general, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, but a recent survey found that only 21% of them really get a full eight hours of sleep.”可知，大量成年人与青少年达不到健康睡眠时长，存在睡眠缺失的现状，用概括转述的语言表达该现象，故填many people lack sleep。 3．根据第四段“However, about 80% of middle school students don’t get enough sleep because they have too much schoolwork to do, or sometimes they spend most of their sleeping time on games or TV.”可知，中学生睡眠不足的诱因是繁重课业以及游戏，提炼关键信息进行转述，故填much schoolwork and games。 4．根据第五段“So, for our good life and work, it’s necessary for us to realize the importance of sleep and try to have a good sleep.”可知，我们需要采取行动改善睡眠，to后面接动词原形，故填improve。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Sometimes English learners have to find out the differences between cultures, like Chinese culture and American culture. Although it is hard to tell which culture is better, we should respect (尊重) both of them. Also, to understand those differences can be helpful. Because American people’s ideas are different from Chinese, it is necessary to discuss the party culture. The first difference is about the party places. Chinese people are more interested in having a party at restaurants. The party organizers (组织者) often invite a lot of people to come and have fun, such as the birthday party and the wedding (婚礼) party. But Americans like to have a party at home. Most of their parties are small, and only friends come. The second difference is about the time. Chinese guests always go to the party before the actual time. For example, if organizers tell them the party will start at twelve o’clock, it’s polite to arrive at the restaurant at 11:45—11:50. Americans won’t do the same as Chinese. In fact, they always go to the party on time or even later, because they are afraid that the organizers won’t prepare everything well if they go there too early. All in all, remembering these cultural differences will be important if you are going for a trip to America or other countries in the future. English learners need to know that 1 . But we should respect both of them. As for parties, Chinese people like to make invitations to people for having fun at a restaurant together. But Americans 2 at home. How about the party time? Chinese guests always go to the party before the actual time. If the party starts at 12:00, they will reach the restaurant 3 . However, Americans are afraid that the organizers won’t have 4 to prepare, so they always go to the party on time or even later. 【答案】1．Chinese and American cultures are different/there are cultural differences 2．prefer to hold small parties/enjoy having small parties 3．at 11:45—11:50/10 to 15 minutes earlier 4．enough time 【导语】本文主要对比了中美两国在聚会文化上的两大差异，包括聚会地点的选择以及到达聚会时间的不同，并指出理解这些文化差异对于跨文化交往的重要意义。 1．根据第一段第一、二句“Sometimes English learners have to find out the differences between cultures, like Chinese culture and American culture. Although it is hard to tell which culture is better, we should respect both of them.”可知，后半句中的“both of them”指代前文的中美两国文化，此处需填入表示“中美文化存在差异”的宾语从句。结合题目不能连抄原文超过3个词的要求，可概括转述为Chinese and American cultures are different或there are cultural differences。 2．根据第三段第四、五句“But Americans like to have a party at home. Most of their parties are small, and only friends come.”可知，美国人更喜欢在家里举办小型的朋友聚会。空后已有地点状语“at home”，且题目限定不能连抄原文连续超过3个词（原文为like to have a party at home），因此需对谓语部分进行同义替换，转述为prefer to hold small parties或enjoy having small parties。 3．根据第四段第二、三句“Chinese guests always go to the party before the actual time. For example, if organizers tell them the party will start at twelve o’ clock, it’s polite to arrive at the restaurant at 11:45—11:50.”可知，若聚会在12点开始，中国客人通常会提前10至15分钟到达，即在11:45至11:50到达餐馆。此处可直接提取时间短语at 11:45—11:50（未超过连续3词），或转述为10 to 15 minutes earlier。 4．根据第四段末句“…because they are afraid that the organizers won’t prepare everything well if they go there too early.”可知，美国人担心去得太早会导致组织者无法把一切准备妥当，即缺乏充足的准备时间。概要句中已给出“won’t have…to prepare”结构，此处需填入名词短语作have的宾语，概括转述为“足够的时间”。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Teens are putting on weight. Today, most teenagers are at least one size larger than teens 20 years ago. Even clothing sizes have changed. Did you know that a small today used to be a medium 20 years ago? Being overweight can cause many health problems for teens: it may make them more likely to get illnesses. It might also make some teens feel bad about themselves. Exercise can partly solve this problem. It helps in two ways. First, exercise helps your body. Physical activities can make your body strong. They can also keep you at a healthy weight. Doctors say that people who stay at a healthy weight have fewer health problems. Second, exercise can help your mind. People who get plenty of physical activities might worry less and sleep better at night. You may even learn better in school. But recent research shows 97% of teens have no habit of doing exercise. How to get yourself to start moving? You can change your life and be more active at any point. It’s never too late. Step away from the screen. You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day. You will enjoy life more if you leave it instead of watching it! Start slowly. An hour a day can seem like a long time. Start with 10 minutes of new activities every day. Add more as you get stronger. Make fitness fun. Find a sport you like. It doesn’t need to be the traditional sports of basketball, soccer, or baseball. Those are all great sports and if you like them, play them. However, you can also try hiking, skateboarding, or even rope jumping. If you enjoy the sport, you will do it. Today’s teens are becoming heavier than before. 1 . To reduce this risk, they need more exercise as 2 . To improve your health, 3 first. Then start with small steps. Most importantly, choose sports according to 4 to keep yourself moving happily. 【答案】1．This may cause health and mental problems 2．it benefits both body and mind 3．reduce screen time 4．your own interests 【导语】本文主要阐述了青少年体重增加的问题，并从健康影响和锻炼方法两方面说明运动的重要性。 1．根据“Being overweight can cause many health problems…make some teens feel bad about themselves.”可知，体重增加会带来身心问题。故填This may cause health and mental problems。 2．根据“Exercise can partly solve this problem…helps your body…help your mind.”可知，锻炼对身心都有益。故填it benefits both body and mind。 3．根据“Step away from the screen…no more than two hours of screen time a day.”可知，应先减少屏幕时间。故填reduce screen time。 4．根据“Make fitness fun. Find a sport you like.”可知，应根据自己的兴趣选择运动。故填your own interests。 阅读文章，完成下方阅读报告。用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Tina, 14 years old, is a hard-working student. She follows the rules at school and does whatever her parents, teachers and even friends tell her to do. She is used to saying “yes” to everything. But Tina is not always happy about this. Sometimes, Tina doesn’t have time to help others, but she just can’t say no. How she wishes she could change! Have you ever had such an experience? Saying “no” to others can be hard for some people. However, saying “no” is a basic right. It means you’ve made a choice about what is important to you. So if you have the same problem as Tina, the first thing you need to do is to allow yourself to say “no”. Keep in mind that if the other person cares about you, he or she will respect your decision and won’t hold it against you. If you still feel bad about saying “no”, what can you do? When your friend invites you to a party you don’t want to go to, you can start with something like “Thank you so much for inviting me, but I have a family event that day. I hope you have a great time!” When your friend asks you to clean the classroom for him, you can say, “I’m sorry. I’m really busy with my own homework right now. I can’t help this time, but maybe we can work together next time.” If guilt (内疚) keeps you from saying “no”, try sharing something useful instead of your time. For example, if your friend asks you to help with his math when you are busy, you can lend him your notes or recommend (推荐) a good book. You can also suggest someone else who can help. Maybe you know another classmate who is good at math and has more free time. It’s not easy to say “no”, but it helps you to save energy for something important. At the same time, it also gives you a feeling of freedom. Reading Report Hi, everyone. Recently, I have read a useful article. It starts with a story of Tina, a 14-year-old girl who always says “yes” to others, but now she wants 1 herself. It shows us the meaning of learning to say “no” and provides 2 . Firstly, allow ourselves to say “no”. Secondly, 3 . We can try this way by saying thanks or sorry and explaining the reasons. Finally, share something useful instead of our own time. In a word, learn to say “no” so that 4 . 【答案】1．to change 2．three ways to say “no” 3． say no politely 4．we can save energy for important matters and feel free 【导语】本文介绍了14岁女孩Tina总是难以拒绝他人请求的困扰，并提供了学会说“不”的方法和意义。 1．根据“Sometimes, Tina doesn’t have time to help others, but she just can’t say no. How she wishes she could change!”可知，Tina虽然习惯性答应他人，但内心并不快乐，渴望改变现状，纯粹是 want to do sth“想要做某事”，空处用不定式形式，故填to change。 2．根据“ the first thing you need to do is to allow yourself to say ‘no’ ”和“When your friend invites you to a party you don’t want to go to...”等建议可知，文章提供了多种拒绝他人的实用方法，故填three ways to say “no”。 3．根据“you can start with something like ‘Thank you so much for inviting me...’ ”可知，建议用礼貌表达和合理解释来拒绝，故填say no politely。 4．根据“It’s not easy to say ‘no’, but it helps you to save energy for something important. At the same time, it also gives you a feeling of freedom.”可知，学会拒绝能节省精力做重要事并获得自由感，故填we can save energy for important matters and feel free。 阅读文章后，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，且不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, mamianqun first appeared in the Song Dynasty and became popular during the Ming Dynasty. The two sides of mamianqun are pleated (起褶的), and there is a smooth (光滑的) part in the middle, known as mamian. Why is it called mamian? When it comes to mamian, people may connect it with the animal horse. But in ancient times, mamian was a kind of structure that was used to protect the city. The smooth part is similar to such structure. Mamianqun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to Han customs, women would wear red skirts during festival celebrations. In the Qing Dynasty, blue was also common. Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns with good meanings. For example, fish patterns show people’s good wishes for the future. Peonies (牡丹) are a symbol of wealth and honor (财富和荣誉). Recently, mamianqun has become popular among hanfu fans. It is mixed with modern clothes. Some people match mamianqun with T-shirts or blouses perfectly to make the dress fit for everyday wear. “Even many foreigners are falling in love with this beautiful traditional costume.” Mamianqun is a kind of traditional Chinese dress that dates back to the Song Dynasty. The two sides of it are pleated and 1 . People may connect it with the animal horse. But in fact, the ancient Chinese people used the structure of mamian 2 , Mamianqun got its name, because of the similar shape. Ancient Chinese women wore colorful mamianqun, mostly red and blue. Besides, there are 3 . Today, some people match mamianqun with modern clothes perfectly to make the dress fit so that 4 . It is also loved by many foreigners. 【答案】1．the middle of it is smooth 2．to guard the city 3．different types of designs with good meanings on it 4．they can wear it every day/in daily life 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统服饰马面裙的历史、特点及其现代流行趋势。 1．根据文章“The two sides of mamianqun are pleated, and there is a smooth part in the middle, known as mamian.”（马面裙的两侧是褶皱的，中间有一个光滑的部分，称为“马面”。）可知，马面裙中间有一个光滑的部分。故填the middle of it is smooth。 2．根据文章“But in ancient times, mamian was a kind of structure that was used to protect the city.”（但在古代，马面是一种用于保护城市的结构。）可知，马面在古代用于保护城市。故填to guard the city。 3．根据文章“Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns with good meanings.”（马面裙有各种寓意美好的图案。）可知，马面裙的图案具有美好寓意。故填different types of designs with good meanings on it。 4．根据文章“Some people match mamianqun with T-shirts or blouses perfectly to make the dress fit for everyday wear.”（有些人将马面裙与T恤或衬衫完美搭配，使其适合日常穿着。）可知，马面裙通过搭配现代服饰可以适应日常穿着。故填they can wear it every day/in daily life。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Is there a way to quickly recall (回忆) information just before taking an exam? Walking backward might help you. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory. Researchers asked 114 volunteers to watch a video. After watching the video, the volunteers were divided into three groups. One group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video. The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average than the other two groups. This suggests that the link (联系) between the concepts (概念) of time and space is important in terms of how our minds form memories. “Time is really expressed via (通过) space,” Aleksandar Aksentijevic, who led the study, told the Daily Mail. When you walk backward, you see things from a different angle (角度). This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past. And walking backward is also good for the rest of our body. Compared to walking forward, walking backward is more challenging. This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories (卡路里). In addition, walking backward is less stressful for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees, according to researchers from the University of Oregon in the US. Walking backward also keeps our spines (脊柱) strong, which can help to ease (缓解) pain in the lower back. This might be why many old people like walking backward. Walking backward helps people quickly 1 . Through the experiment, we know the group that 2 get more correct answers than the others. That’s because 3 . This helps people recall things. 4 , such as improving fitness, easing knee pressure, keeping your spine strong and easing pain in the lower back. 【答案】1．recall information 2．walked backward 3．it sees things from a different angle 4．It is also good for the body 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了倒着走的多项益处，包括提升短期记忆力、增强体能、保护膝盖和脊柱等。 1．根据“Is there a way to quickly recall information just before taking an exam? Walking backward might help you.”可知，倒着走能帮助人们快速回忆信息，故填recall information。 2．根据“The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average than the other two groups.”可知，倒着走的小组比其他小组答对更多题目，故填walked backward。 3．根据“When you walk backward, you see things from a different angle. This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past.”可知，原因是倒着走能让人从不同角度看事物，故填it sees things from a different angle。 4．根据“And walking backward is also good for the rest of our body.”及后文列举的益处，可知此处指倒着走对身体还有其他好处，故填It is also good for the body。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中复习之概要补全15篇 （重庆专用） 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30 词，不能照抄原文连续超过3 个词。 Have you ever noticed that you feel sharper after exercising? Researchers from University College London have studied this interesting idea. Their study is mainly about how exercise influences our brains, especially in older adults. They have found that the influence of physical activities can remain even into the next day. In the study, 76 people aged between 50 and 83 took part in different physical activities. These activities, such as fast walking and climbing stairs, made their hearts beat faster. The scientists found that after the activities, the participants (参与者) felt sharper the next day. They not only had better focus, but also enjoyed better and more peaceful sleep. This is important because good sleep helps us think clearly and remember things better. The study also showed that more sitting and fewer physical activities led to worse cognitive (认知的) skills the next day. This means if you don’t move much, your brain might be less active. But why is exercise so beneficial to our brains? When we move our bodies and get our hearts beating, more oxygen (氧气) and nutrients (营养物) reach our brains, helping them work better. Exercise also leads to the production of something special called neurotransmitters (神经递质). They help us feel better and think more clearly. According to the study, we don’t have to go to a gym or follow a strict exercise plan to get these benefits. Simple activities, like playing sports or riding a bike, can help keep our mind sharp. Researchers from University College London did a study about the influence of exercise on people’s brains. They have found that 1 , especially for older people. Activities like fast walking helped the participants focus better and sleep better the next day, while 2 made their thinking worse. That is because 3 by bringing more oxygen and nutrients to it. To get these benefits, you just need to 4 . 请根据文章内容，用自己的语言概括，在空白处填入恰当的短语或句子。 Brain Sport How good is your memory? How many words can you memorize in 15 minutes? Well, some people can memorize 335 words. Some people are even more amazing. For example, someone once memorized the order of 2,530 playing cards in just one hour! Just as there are sports competitions using our bodies, there are also sports competitions using our minds, such as the World Memory Championships. These were held in Wuhan, China, in 2019. There were many different events. For instance, the “brain athletes” had to remember as many names and faces as they could or as many words as possible in 15 minutes. While you might think that these competitors were all born with a strong memory, this is often not true. For example, one champion has an average memory, but he makes full use of memory techniques. So, if he wants to remember the names of the Great Lakes in the US, he thinks of HOMES, because each letter in HOMES stands for a different lake. Many competitors use what is called a “memory palace” to remember things. While most people are terrible at remembering lists, they are quite good at remembering where things are. Think about your bedroom. You can probably picture in your mind where everything in your bedroom is. Now, picture in your mind the things on the list in different places in your bedroom. Later, if you want to remember the words, all you need to do is to remember the picture. Memory competitions are not for everyone, and not everyone is a brain athlete. On the other hand, some of their memory techniques may be useful for you in your studies. You should give them a try! Brain Sport Memory can be trained and used in different ways. Some people can memorize a large number of words or playing cards in a short time. There are also memory competitions, such as the World Memory Championships. Being a successful “brain athlete” does not always mean having a naturally strong memory. Some competitors have an average memory but become champions by 1 . Another useful method is called a “memory palace,” which helps people remember things by connecting them with 2 . If they want to remember the words later, 3 . Memory competitions are not for everyone, but their techniques may help students. 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Have you heard of the “Odyssey (奥德赛) years”? This term is getting a lot of attention these days on Chinese social media. A popular lifestyle platform, the hashtag (话题标签) has already received 14.28 million views. So, where does this term come from? It was first introduced in 2007 by David Brooks, a columnist (专栏作家) for The New York Times. He was inspired by Homer’s Odyssey, an ancient Greek epic (史诗) in which the hero Odysseus spent ten years finding his way home, facing storms, unfamiliar lands, and repeated setbacks. Similarly, the term “Odyssey years” describes a long journey filled with uncertain and confusing feelings from school to working life, usually happening in one’s 20s and early 30s. Why do young people get into this situation? On the one hand, our rapidly changing world makes the old ways to success no longer work. On the other hand, their own lives are all about uncertainty. They may move from one job to another, find it hard to keep close relationships, or feel unsure about who they are. However, there is no need to fear the “Odyssey years”. Rather than see it as a failure, many young people try to enjoy the journey, as it, in part, offers them chances to learn more about their own interests and goals, and make progress by exploring more in life. For young students like you, remember: the “Odyssey years” are just another chapter in your life story. Take your time to try new things, and trust that every step brings you closer to where you want to be. The “Odyssey years” have become popular on Chinese social media recently. This term is inspired by Homer’s Odyssey, an ancient Greek epic. It tells how 1 . Similarly, this term stands for a special time for young people. They feel 2 when experiencing this period. This situation mainly results from 3 . However, there’s no need to panic. This period is not a sign of failure but a meaningful journey because 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Do you ever get caught up in tiny details? Learning to take a step back and see the bigger picture helps you understand things more clearly. What is seeing the bigger picture? This means stepping back in your mind so you can understand a situation more clearly. When you stand further away from something, such as a tree, you can then see its whole shape. Psychologist (an expert in how people think and feel) Dr Helen Miles says this can work with your thoughts too. When we’re upset or worried we often zoom in (拉近镜头，聚焦) on tiny details, such as if we argue with a friend. Seeing the bigger picture means noticing the whole shape of your friendship, including all the times you’ve been there for each other. How can this help me? Trying to see things in different ways—also called “having perspective”—isn’t always easy, but it’s an important skill. Learning to zoom out also helps you feel less stressed. Scientists who study how our eyes and brains work together say that paying attention to what’s happening around you, and not just one tiny detail, helps your mind to relax. Stepping back and seeing things differently also builds empathy, which means understanding how other people feel. This makes it easier to get along with others, solve problems and build stronger friendships. How can I learn to see the bigger picture? Your brain naturally zooms in on whatever is in front of you, but you also need to try and see the wider view, Dr Miles explains. One way to practise this is by being mindful-noticing things around you. Next time you’re walking to school, instead of only thinking about what might be there when you arrive, try paying attention to what’s around you at that moment. You might hear birds singing or see people passing by. Dr Miles says this helps to “allow ourselves to notice other things on the journey”, not just the destination (终点), which makes our minds feel calmer and more balanced. Seeing the bigger picture means stepping back in your mind to understand a whole situation rather than focusing on small things. When we face difficulties, 1 helps us reduce stress and understand others better. However, our brains usually focus on tiny details. To change this habit, we can practice mindfulness on daily journeys through 2 . By doing so, we can learn a useful skill that 3 . Therefore, if you want to feel relaxed, you should 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Grade Nine is a big challenge for most students. With senior high school entrance exams ahead, students face heavier learning tasks and tighter schedules. Many of them spend long hours studying every day and easily suffer from tiredness. If they don’t have proper adjustment (调节), they will be stressed out. To help Grade Nine students enjoy a better school life, experts give useful suggestions. First, keep regular physical exercise. Yu Sumei, a senior expert from the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, points out, “Regular sports not only improve teenagers’ physical health but also build up their mental health against study pressure.” Many students ignore (忽略) daily sports because of busy study. In fact, proper sports like running and jumping can strengthen the body and reduce study pressure greatly. Second, manage time in a wise way. For example, students can divide big tasks into smaller parts and finish them one by one in a short period of time. Making proper plans also helps students finish tasks efficiently and avoid unnecessary anxiety (焦虑). Therefore, they will learn faster and better. Third, stay away from negative feelings. It is normal to meet difficulties in study. If students lose heart easily, they can achieve nothing. It’s important that students should stay away from negative feelings by listening to music or watching a funny film. Grade Nine is a big challenge for students. Heavy schoolwork and tight schedules make them tired. Without proper adjustment, they will have 1 . Here is some advice. Students should take part in proper sports and 2 . What’s more, when they meet difficulties in study, 3 instead of losing heart. In conclusion, 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 There are different methods to think and deal with troubles. Most people are used to direct thinking. For example, when the water in the flower pot cannot flow away, they will pour out the extra (多余的) water. Yet they can also make small holes at the bottom of the pot. This way is known as reverse (逆向的) thinking. It asks people to look at matters from the opposite (相反的) side. It works well when direct thinking cannot offer good answers. However, some people doubt it. They warn that it may produce terrible influences. For example, digging holes directly in a flower pot is easy, but it may break the whole pot. And because of this, the pot will become less valuable. Besides, depending too much on reverse thinking may lead to careless planning. So how to develop reverse thinking? First, discuss the question in an opposite way like “How can I make my speech terrible?”. Second, offer possible answers and choose at least two. That can give you lots of possibilities. For example, prepare nothing for it, speak too fast, or pay no attention to listeners. Third, think about the most important parts—preparing nothing and speaking too fast. Fourth, go back to your problem and reverse your solutions. I should make full preparations for my speech, slow down my speed, and care about my listeners’ feelings. All in all, reverse thinking is a helpful skill. Although it is not perfect, it still improves our ability to work out difficulties and encourages us to think in creative ways. Most people deal with troubles with direct thinking, but 1 . It means looking at matters from the opposite side. Although some people think it may produce terrible influences and 2 if they depend on it too much, it is useful in many aspects. 3 to develop reverse thinking. In short, it helps people improve their ability to work out difficulties and 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 In China, there is a warm and loving festival in late autumn. It is called the Winter Clothing Festival, or “Han Yi Jie” in Chinese. It comes on the first day of the tenth month in the lunar calendar, usually in November. On this special day, many people buy warm coats, sweaters, or gloves for their loved ones. In the past, mothers and grandmothers would make new cotton-padded jackets (棉袄) by hand. People also remember family members who have passed away. They send paper clothes into the fire. It is a way to show that we still care about them and hope they are not cold. The Winter Clothing Festival is full of love. It teaches us to take care of others, especially when the cold wind blows. And it teaches us to help others too. It also serves as an occasion to express gratitude. We are thankful to our parents for sheltering us with warmth in our childhood and providing us a home filled with affection. We are young, but we can take part in this festival too. We can help our parents put away summer clothes and take out winter clothes. We can give our old but good coats to children in need. We can also sit with our grandparents and listen to their stories. Also, we can tell our family, “Thank you for keeping me warm. I love you.” The Winter Clothing Festival serves as a ray of warmth in the cold season, which reminds us that love is the warmest coat on earth. Therefore, let us carry on this tradition filled with love and warmth. This passage mainly introduces 1 . The Winter Clothing Festival is a warm Chinese tradition in late autumn. On this day, people prepare warm clothes for their family to show their love and remember family members who have passed away. We 2 others and be thankful. Even children can play a part by helping at home, sharing their coats which are old yet in 3 , and spending time with family. This festival reminds us to 4 in cold seasons. 阅读文章，用恰当的句子或短语补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Walk into any classroom, and you will see students busy writing down every single word. But the best note-takers are not the fastest writers; they are the most careful listeners whose brains work hard taking notes during class. If you only copy blindly, your notes will be useless for your study. How can we make our notes serve us well in learning? To take notes that truly help you learn, active thinking is necessary in class. Writing down every word may seem safe, but it usually means your hands are busy while your mind is asleep. You need to write down the questions you want to know when you listen to the teachers because it can force your brain to process information on its own, so understanding begins the moment you write. Besides, use question marks to mark the difficulties and ask your teachers after class. In this way, taking notes becomes a way of thinking, not copying. However, even the best thinking will be wasted if you cannot find your ideas later, so it is equally important to have a clear recording on paper. A helpful skill here is the “split-page” (分页) system: draw a line one-third from the left, take detailed notes on the right, and write key words and questions on the left. The keywords on the left make you have a quick review — they point directly to the main points. The questions there also help to have a test on your own before every exam. In short, good notes do not need to be perfect and they are not to show off your handwriting. The real value of note-taking lies in how it helps us with our learning. Excellent note-takers keep their brains working when listening, so they pay more attention to careful listening instead of 1 . Rather than copy every word, you should keep the minds focused in class by writing down 2 while listening and marking some difficult points. You should also put information down in a well-organized form. The split-page system is helpful because you can benefit a lot by 3 . In short, notes will serve you well in learning if 4 each time you take notes. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Food shortage (匮乏) is a big problem in the world. Right now, there are more than 1 billion hungry people in the world. Can you imagine many children go to sleep with an empty stomach, and many even die of hunger each year? What caused food shortage? First, there have been more disasters (灾难) recently. This is bad for farmers and hurts their ability to grow food. Also, a growing population makes feeding everyone more difficult. Another big reason is food waste. Most people don’t realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes we cook too much, or we don’t use it before it goes bad. The average person throws away 50 kg of food every year. More than one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year, according to the UN. That is 1.3 billion tons of good food being wasted. If the wasted food was saved, it could feed lots of people. The food wasted in Europe could feed 200 million people, and the food wasted in Latin America could feed 300 million people. So think twice next time you want to throw away extra food on your plate. By cutting down food waste, we could also help put food on the empty plate of some hungry children. It’s necessary for people to remember not to waste food. That’s why Oct. 16 is set up by the UN as World Food Day. How to reduce food waste? Do not order too much at a restaurant. Only order as much as you can eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home. Don’t be too picky (挑剔) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy food that is more than you can eat, especially vegetables and fruit. Food shortage is a serious problem. Many children go to sleep hungry and even 1 every year. 2 are disasters, a growing population, and above all, food waste. World Food Day is set up by the UN 3 . What can we do? We should 4 at a restaurant, take leftovers home, not be too picky, and avoid buying too much food. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 One of the most important activities of our life is sleep. World Sleep Day is a special day for sleeping. It’s been organized by the World Association of Sleep Medicine (WASM) since 2008 and it’s held on March 21st every year. The aim of World Sleep Day is to remind people of the importance of good sleep. Events including discussions, presentations of educational materials (教育材料展示) and shows take place around the world and online. Sleep quality (质量) plays a key role in people’s health. The studies show that there are lots of advantages (好处) if we always get enough sleep. We can be smarter, thinner, healthier and more cheerful. We’ll also have better skin, better memories and longer lives. In general, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, but a recent survey found that only 21% of them really get a full eight hours of sleep. For teenagers, a healthy amount (数量) is about eight to nine hours per night. However, about 80% of middle school students don’t get enough sleep because they have too much schoolwork to do, or sometimes they spend most of their sleeping time on games or TV. 27% of people throughout the world have sleep problems. Now there are over 80 kinds of sleep disorders (失调), but most people know little about their danger. So, for our good life and work, it’s necessary for us to realize the importance of sleep and try to have a good sleep. World Sleep Day, on March 21st, reminds us that 1 . Enough sleep helps us become healthier, smarter and happier. However, 2 . For example, only 21% of adults sleep eight hours each night.80% of middle school students aren’t able to get enough sleep because of 3 . About 27% of people worldwide have different sleep problems, but they still don’t realize the danger. So, we must take action to 4 our sleep. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Sometimes English learners have to find out the differences between cultures, like Chinese culture and American culture. Although it is hard to tell which culture is better, we should respect (尊重) both of them. Also, to understand those differences can be helpful. Because American people’s ideas are different from Chinese, it is necessary to discuss the party culture. The first difference is about the party places. Chinese people are more interested in having a party at restaurants. The party organizers (组织者) often invite a lot of people to come and have fun, such as the birthday party and the wedding (婚礼) party. But Americans like to have a party at home. Most of their parties are small, and only friends come. The second difference is about the time. Chinese guests always go to the party before the actual time. For example, if organizers tell them the party will start at twelve o’clock, it’s polite to arrive at the restaurant at 11:45—11:50. Americans won’t do the same as Chinese. In fact, they always go to the party on time or even later, because they are afraid that the organizers won’t prepare everything well if they go there too early. All in all, remembering these cultural differences will be important if you are going for a trip to America or other countries in the future. English learners need to know that 1 . But we should respect both of them. As for parties, Chinese people like to make invitations to people for having fun at a restaurant together. But Americans 2 at home. How about the party time? Chinese guests always go to the party before the actual time. If the party starts at 12:00, they will reach the restaurant 3 . However, Americans are afraid that the organizers won’t have 4 to prepare, so they always go to the party on time or even later. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Teens are putting on weight. Today, most teenagers are at least one size larger than teens 20 years ago. Even clothing sizes have changed. Did you know that a small today used to be a medium 20 years ago? Being overweight can cause many health problems for teens: it may make them more likely to get illnesses. It might also make some teens feel bad about themselves. Exercise can partly solve this problem. It helps in two ways. First, exercise helps your body. Physical activities can make your body strong. They can also keep you at a healthy weight. Doctors say that people who stay at a healthy weight have fewer health problems. Second, exercise can help your mind. People who get plenty of physical activities might worry less and sleep better at night. You may even learn better in school. But recent research shows 97% of teens have no habit of doing exercise. How to get yourself to start moving? You can change your life and be more active at any point. It’s never too late. Step away from the screen. You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day. You will enjoy life more if you leave it instead of watching it! Start slowly. An hour a day can seem like a long time. Start with 10 minutes of new activities every day. Add more as you get stronger. Make fitness fun. Find a sport you like. It doesn’t need to be the traditional sports of basketball, soccer, or baseball. Those are all great sports and if you like them, play them. However, you can also try hiking, skateboarding, or even rope jumping. If you enjoy the sport, you will do it. Today’s teens are becoming heavier than before. 1 . To reduce this risk, they need more exercise as 2 . To improve your health, 3 first. Then start with small steps. Most importantly, choose sports according to 4 to keep yourself moving happily. 阅读文章，完成下方阅读报告。用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Tina, 14 years old, is a hard-working student. She follows the rules at school and does whatever her parents, teachers and even friends tell her to do. She is used to saying “yes” to everything. But Tina is not always happy about this. Sometimes, Tina doesn’t have time to help others, but she just can’t say no. How she wishes she could change! Have you ever had such an experience? Saying “no” to others can be hard for some people. However, saying “no” is a basic right. It means you’ve made a choice about what is important to you. So if you have the same problem as Tina, the first thing you need to do is to allow yourself to say “no”. Keep in mind that if the other person cares about you, he or she will respect your decision and won’t hold it against you. If you still feel bad about saying “no”, what can you do? When your friend invites you to a party you don’t want to go to, you can start with something like “Thank you so much for inviting me, but I have a family event that day. I hope you have a great time!” When your friend asks you to clean the classroom for him, you can say, “I’m sorry. I’m really busy with my own homework right now. I can’t help this time, but maybe we can work together next time.” If guilt (内疚) keeps you from saying “no”, try sharing something useful instead of your time. For example, if your friend asks you to help with his math when you are busy, you can lend him your notes or recommend (推荐) a good book. You can also suggest someone else who can help. Maybe you know another classmate who is good at math and has more free time. It’s not easy to say “no”, but it helps you to save energy for something important. At the same time, it also gives you a feeling of freedom. Reading Report Hi, everyone. Recently, I have read a useful article. It starts with a story of Tina, a 14-year-old girl who always says “yes” to others, but now she wants 1 herself. It shows us the meaning of learning to say “no” and provides 2 . Firstly, allow ourselves to say “no”. Secondly, 3 . We can try this way by saying thanks or sorry and explaining the reasons. Finally, share something useful instead of our own time. In a word, learn to say “no” so that 4 . 阅读文章后，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，且不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, mamianqun first appeared in the Song Dynasty and became popular during the Ming Dynasty. The two sides of mamianqun are pleated (起褶的), and there is a smooth (光滑的) part in the middle, known as mamian. Why is it called mamian? When it comes to mamian, people may connect it with the animal horse. But in ancient times, mamian was a kind of structure that was used to protect the city. The smooth part is similar to such structure. Mamianqun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to Han customs, women would wear red skirts during festival celebrations. In the Qing Dynasty, blue was also common. Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns with good meanings. For example, fish patterns show people’s good wishes for the future. Peonies (牡丹) are a symbol of wealth and honor (财富和荣誉). Recently, mamianqun has become popular among hanfu fans. It is mixed with modern clothes. Some people match mamianqun with T-shirts or blouses perfectly to make the dress fit for everyday wear. “Even many foreigners are falling in love with this beautiful traditional costume.” Mamianqun is a kind of traditional Chinese dress that dates back to the Song Dynasty. The two sides of it are pleated and 1 . People may connect it with the animal horse. But in fact, the ancient Chinese people used the structure of mamian 2 , Mamianqun got its name, because of the similar shape. Ancient Chinese women wore colorful mamianqun, mostly red and blue. Besides, there are 3 . Today, some people match mamianqun with modern clothes perfectly to make the dress fit so that 4 . It is also loved by many foreigners. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Is there a way to quickly recall (回忆) information just before taking an exam? Walking backward might help you. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory. Researchers asked 114 volunteers to watch a video. After watching the video, the volunteers were divided into three groups. One group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video. The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average than the other two groups. This suggests that the link (联系) between the concepts (概念) of time and space is important in terms of how our minds form memories. “Time is really expressed via (通过) space,” Aleksandar Aksentijevic, who led the study, told the Daily Mail. When you walk backward, you see things from a different angle (角度). This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past. And walking backward is also good for the rest of our body. Compared to walking forward, walking backward is more challenging. This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories (卡路里). In addition, walking backward is less stressful for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees, according to researchers from the University of Oregon in the US. Walking backward also keeps our spines (脊柱) strong, which can help to ease (缓解) pain in the lower back. This might be why many old people like walking backward. Walking backward helps people quickly 1 . Through the experiment, we know the group that 2 get more correct answers than the others. That’s because 3 . This helps people recall things. 4 , such as improving fitness, easing knee pressure, keeping your spine strong and easing pain in the lower back. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $