Unit 5 课时5 Section 4 Focusing culture,Cross-curricular connection,Project（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

Unit 5 Off to space 课时5 Section 4 Focusing culture,Cross-curricular connection,Project 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 ( 词汇与短语 lander n. 着陆器 island n. 岛 ancient adj. 古老的；很老的 poem n. 诗 express v. 表示；表达；表露 determination n. 决心；坚毅；坚定 universe n. 宇宙 already adv. 已经；早已 century n. 世纪 neighbour n. 邻居 circle v. 环行 surface n. 表面；表层；面 * release v. 放开；松开；使自由移动（或飞翔、降落等） kilogram n. 千克；公斤 programme n. 计划；方案 thousands of 成千上万 句型 1.On 23 July 2020, China’s first Mars lander, Tianwen-1, was sent into space from Wenchang, Hainan Island. 2020 年 7 月 23 日，中国首个火星着陆器 “天问一号” 在海南岛文昌发射升空。 2. “Tianwen” means “Questions to Heaven” and expresses China’s determination to explore the universe. “天问” 意为 “向苍天提问”，表达了中国探索宇宙的决心。 ) 一、单词拼写 1.There are many small i________ in this sea. 2.Nothing can change his strong ________.（决心） 3.The l________ landed on the moon successfully last year. 4.The spaceship ________ the Earth twice last week.（环行） 5.We have ________ seen this great film.（已经） 6.The ________ paintings show the life of people long ago.（古老的） 7.Three k________ of apples are on the table. 8.She wrote two beautiful p________ about nature. 9.Scientists keep studying the u________. 10.You can ________ your ideas to your parents.（表达） 11.My two n________ often help me water flowers. 12.They ________ the bird and it flew into the sky just now.（放开） 13.The s________ of the lake is quiet and smooth. 14.This old building was built ten c________ ago. 15.They carried out several new ________ for space research.（计划） 一、语篇填词 Space exploration has always been a hot topic. People have dreamed of flying to outer space since a 1 times. With the development of science and technology, humans have made great p 2 . In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into space. Ten years later, Neil Armstrong stepped onto the m 3 . Now, many countries are working together to build space s 4 . Astronauts live and work there, doing scientific e 5 . They also do experiments to find out how space affects h 6 bodies. China has made amazing progress in space exploration too. We have sent many s 7 into space, and our taikonauts have walked in space. Some scientists are even planning to send humans to Mars s 8 . Space exploration is not easy. It requires lots of hard work and t 9 . But it helps us understand the universe better and may bring new c 10 for humans. 二、 从方框中选择合适的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 surface, express, programme, universe, neighbour, explore, release, orbit, land, launch 1. The Chang’e Project is part of China’s space          . 2. There are many bright and dark areas on the Moon’s          . 3. Mars is called Earth’s red          . 4. Words can’t             how proud I am of China’s space achievements. 5. Astronauts dream of exploring the whole          one day. 6. China will              more spacecraft to study Mars in the future. 7. The rover Zhurong was               on Mars by Tianwen-1. 8. The spacecraft will                  the Earth for three months before landing. 9. Tianwen-1                on the surface of Mars on 15 May 2021. 10. Scientists have been trying to                Mars for thousands of years. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 China’s space dream has a long history. Thousands of years ago, Chinese people looked up at the stars and had a deep love for the 1 . The story of Wan Hu is well-known. He wanted to fly into space with rockets, and later a crater on the Moon was 2 after him. In 1970, China sent its first satellite into space. It was a great 3 in China’s space history. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut to travel into space. People were very 4 of him. With fast development, China started to explore Mars. Tianwen-1 was 5 into space in 2020. It travelled a very long way in the 6 . After months of flight, it finally got to Mars. It circled Mars for three months 7 it landed safely. The rover Zhurong worked well on Mars. It took photos and 8 useful information back to Earth. Now China has built its own space station. Astronauts live and do scientific 9 there. We believe more young people will join in space exploration. Maybe one day, we Chinese will 10 on Mars and know more about the red planet. 1．A．river B．forest C．universe D．village 2．A．named B．looked C．taken D．moved 3．A．mistake B．success C．problem D．message 4．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．careful 5．A．launched B．invented C．invited D．improved 6．A．sky B．space C．ground D．sea 7．A．after B．before C．because D．so 8．A．gave B．passed C．sent D．lent 9．A．experiments B．games C．sports D．shows 10．A．walk B．swim C．fly D．drive 二、阅读理解 A Is there a second Earth in the universe? How did the universe and life start? To answer these questions, China will send satellites into space. They will carry out four big plans. The Hongmeng Program is the first plan. It is a team of about 10 satellites. They will fly to the far side of the moon. This place is quiet. There, they will catch signals (信号) from deep space. Think of the universe as a growing child. These satellites will help us discover what it was like when it was just a baby. Next, meet Kuafu-2. It will be the world’s first satellite to fly around the sun’s poles. It is like a photographer, taking special photos of the sun. This helps scientists learn more about solar activity and how it influences Earth. The third plan is a planet-hunting satellite. It works as a detective and looks for a second home for us in space. Then there is the fourth one. A space observatory (天文台) will fly above Earth’s atmosphere. It will look at some unexplored parts of space, such as areas around black holes where time and space are twisted (弯曲的). There, it will run experiments that can’t happen on Earth. 1．What is the main job of the Hongmeng Program satellites? A．To take pictures of the sun. B．To study black holes near Earth. C．To pick up signals from the early universe. D．To find a new planet for humans. 2．The satellite Kuafu-2 is like a photographer because it will _________. A．write stories about the sun B．take pictures of the sun C．paint pictures of space D．send astronauts to the sun 3．The underlined word “detective” in the third plan description is used to show that the satellite _________. A．works secretly B．finds hidden things C．travels very fast D．solves problems on Earth 4．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To explain how satellites are built. B．To tell a story about astronauts living in space. C．To describe China’s future goals in space science. D．To compare Chinese and American space programs. Long ago, people looked at the night sky and told stories about stars. Today, scientists use powerful machines to explore the universe. Some machines travel thousands of kilometres away from Earth. Others go even farther and send information back. A lander is one kind of space machine. It can leave a spacecraft and reach the surface of a planet or moon. A good lander must be strong because the trip is difficult. It may pass through hot or cold areas before it lands. Scientists prepare carefully before they send a lander. They test its equipment again and again. They also plan what experiments it will do. After the lander arrives, it may take photos, collect rocks or study the air around it. Lander projects need determination. Sometimes a lander stops working early. Sometimes it sends back amazing views for years. Each experience helps scientists learn more. Even a problem can teach people how to build a better machine next time. Space exploration will continue. Maybe someday, students in today’s classrooms will design new landers. Their machines may help humans understand ancient rocks, faraway islands in space, or even places we have not imagined yet. 1．What is a lander? A．A kind of space machine. B．A story about stars. C．A place on Earth. D．A school experiment. 2．Why must a good lander be strong? A．Because it needs to write poems. B．Because the trip is difficult. C．Because it is always weak. D．Because students will tie it. 3．What may a lander do after it arrives? A．Collect rocks. B．Cook food. C．Open a shop. D．Make spacesuits. 4．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．Lander projects are easy for everyone. B．Lander projects need time and determination. C．A lander never has problems. D．A lander cannot send back views. 5．What is the writer’s attitude toward future space exploration? A．Hopeful. B．Afraid. C．Angry. D．Uninterested. 三、阅读还原 Becoming an astronaut Many kids dream of being an astronaut. 1 First, there’s no “astronaut” class in college. To be an astronaut, you must study hard and get a master’s degree (硕士学位) in a STEM subject like Science, Technology, Engineering or Maths. 2 Or you could train (培训) as a pilot and fly for at least 1,000 hours in an airplane. Second, you have to be very fit and healthy! 3 You need to be the right size: not too short (at least 160cm) and not too tall (not taller than 190cm). 4 And you can wear glasses to correct it if needed. Then, you need to get into an astronaut training programme. It takes two years. You do a lot of exercise to prepare your body for space travel. 5 So, if you dream of being an astronaut, start by working hard at school, especially in Science and Maths. It’s not easy to be an astronaut, but maybe one day you’ll be in space looking down at the Earth! A．You also need to work for two years in space exploration. B．But do you know how to become one? C．You also learn about spaceships, space stations and the science behind them. D．You need to pass a hard test to make sure your body can do the job. E．Your eyesight (视力) should be good. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Have you ever looked up at the night sky and dreamed of living among the stars? The great Chinese poet Su Shi once 1 (write), “Riding the wind, there I would fly, yet I’m afraid the crystalline palace would be too high and cold for me.” (我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒) For many 2 (century), people have wondered: what would it truly be like to live in the sky? Today, Chinese scientists have done excellent work in space science, 3 we are getting closer to this ancient dream. We have built 4 (we) own “crystalline palace” in space—the Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts live there for months 5 (help) us understand more about our universe. This dream keeps 6 (grow). On November 11, 2025, the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft went into the sky for an important task. It had to arrive 7 the space station quickly to solve a problem. In just about three and a half hours, it 8 (successful) reached Tiangong. Looking back at the poem of Su Shi, we might ask: if he could see today’s warm, safe, and 9 (beauty) space station, will he still be afraid? Perhaps not. He might even write 10 new poem about our blue planet. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Off to space 课时5 Section 4 Focusing culture,Cross-curricular connection,Project 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 ( 词汇与短语 lander n. 着陆器 island n. 岛 ancient adj. 古老的；很老的 poem n. 诗 express v. 表示；表达；表露 determination n. 决心；坚毅；坚定 universe n. 宇宙 already adv. 已经；早已 century n. 世纪 neighbour n. 邻居 circle v. 环行 surface n. 表面；表层；面 * release v. 放开；松开；使自由移动（或飞翔、降落等） kilogram n. 千克；公斤 programme n. 计划；方案 thousands of 成千上万 句型 1.On 23 July 2020, China’s first Mars lander, Tianwen-1, was sent into space from Wenchang, Hainan Island. 2020 年 7 月 23 日，中国首个火星着陆器 “天问一号” 在海南岛文昌发射升空。 2. “Tianwen” means “Questions to Heaven” and expresses China’s determination to explore the universe. “天问” 意为 “向苍天提问”，表达了中国探索宇宙的决心。 ) 一、单词拼写 1.There are many small i________ in this sea. 2.Nothing can change his strong ________.（决心） 3.The l________ landed on the moon successfully last year. 4.The spaceship ________ the Earth twice last week.（环行） 5.We have ________ seen this great film.（已经） 6.The ________ paintings show the life of people long ago.（古老的） 7.Three k________ of apples are on the table. 8.She wrote two beautiful p________ about nature. 9.Scientists keep studying the u________. 10.You can ________ your ideas to your parents.（表达） 11.My two n________ often help me water flowers. 12.They ________ the bird and it flew into the sky just now.（放开） 13.The s________ of the lake is quiet and smooth. 14.This old building was built ten c________ ago. 15.They carried out several new ________ for space research.（计划） 【答案】1.islands, 2.determination, 3.lander, 4.circled, 5.already, 6.ancient, 7.kilograms, 8.poems, 9.universe, 10.express, 11.neighbours, 12.released, 13.surface, 14.centuries, 15.programmes 一、语篇填词 Space exploration has always been a hot topic. People have dreamed of flying to outer space since a 1 times. With the development of science and technology, humans have made great p 2 . In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into space. Ten years later, Neil Armstrong stepped onto the m 3 . Now, many countries are working together to build space s 4 . Astronauts live and work there, doing scientific e 5 . They also do experiments to find out how space affects h 6 bodies. China has made amazing progress in space exploration too. We have sent many s 7 into space, and our taikonauts have walked in space. Some scientists are even planning to send humans to Mars s 8 . Space exploration is not easy. It requires lots of hard work and t 9 . But it helps us understand the universe better and may bring new c 10 for humans. 【答案】 1．ancient 2．progress 3．moon 4．stations 5．experiments 6．human 7．satellites 8．someday 9．teamwork 10．chances 【导语】本文主要讲述了人类太空探索的历史、现状、中国在太空探索方面的成就以及太空探索的意义。 【详解】 1．句意：自从古代以来，人们就梦想着飞向太空。此空作定语，修饰名词times，结合首字母a，填形容词ancient“古代的、古老的”，since ancient times“自古以来”，符合人类很早就有太空飞行梦想的语境。 2．句意：随着科学技术的发展，人类取得了巨大进步。此空做动词made的宾语，需填一个名词。结合首字母p，填不可数名词progress“进步”，make great progress“取得巨大进步”，匹配科技发展下人类航天事业的发展背景。 3．句意：十年后，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗踏上了月球。此空做介词onto的宾语，需填一个名词。根据历史常识，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是首位登月的宇航员，结合首字母m，应填名词moon“月球”。 4．句意：现在，许多国家正合作建造空间站。此空做动词build的宾语，需填一个名词。根据后文“Astronauts live and work there, doing scientific…”并结合首字母s可知，此处是指空间站。space stations“空间站”，是固定搭配，需填名词station的复数形式stations。 5．句意：宇航员在那里生活和工作，做科学实验。空前有形容词scientific修饰，此空需填名词，作宾语。结合首字母e可知，此处是指做科学实验，scientific experiments“科学实验”，需填名词experiment“实验”的复数形式experiments。 6．句意：他们还做实验以找出太空如何影响人体。此空作定语，修饰名词bodies，结合首字母h可知，此处是指影响人体。human bodies“人体”，需填形容词human“人的、人类的”。 7．句意：我们已经向太空发射了许多卫星，我们的宇航员也在太空中行走。前面有many修饰，需填复数名词。结合首字母s可知，此处是指向太空发射了许多卫星，应填satellite“卫星”的复数形式satellites。 8．句意：一些科学家甚至计划有一天将人类送往火星。此空在句中作时间状语，结合首字母 s，填副词someday，意为 “将来有一天”，多用于将来时，符合科学家未来载人登火星的计划语境。 9．句意：这需要大量的努力和团队合作。此空和前面的“hard work”并列，作宾语，需填名词。结合首字母t可知，此处是指需要大量的努力和团队合作，填不可数名词teamwork“团队合作”，符合语境逻辑。 10．句意：但它帮助我们更好地理解宇宙，并可能给人类带来新的机遇。此空作动词bring的宾语，需填名词。根据前文“helps us understand the universe better”的积极语境并结合首字母c可知，‌此处是指给人类带来新的机遇。bring new chances“带来新的机遇/机会”，填名词chance“机遇、机会”的复数形式chances‌，贴合文意。 二、 从方框中选择合适的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 surface, express, programme, universe, neighbour, explore, release, orbit, land, launch 1. The Chang’e Project is part of China’s space          . 2. There are many bright and dark areas on the Moon’s          . 3. Mars is called Earth’s red          . 4. Words can’t             how proud I am of China’s space achievements. 5. Astronauts dream of exploring the whole          one day. 6. China will              more spacecraft to study Mars in the future. 7. The rover Zhurong was               on Mars by Tianwen-1. 8. The spacecraft will                  the Earth for three months before landing. 9. Tianwen-1                on the surface of Mars on 15 May 2021. 10. Scientists have been trying to                Mars for thousands of years. 【答案】 1.programme, 2.surface, 3.neighbour, 4.express, 5.universe, 6.launch, 7.released, 8.orbit, 9.landed, 10.explore 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：嫦娥工程是中国太空计划的一部分。根据 “The Chang’e Project” 及 “China’s space” 可知，此处指 “太空计划 / 项目”，应用 programme，作宾语。 【小题 2】句意：月球表面有许多明亮和黑暗的区域。根据 “on the Moon’s” 可知，月球上有 “表面”，应用 surface，作介词 on 的宾语。 【小题 3】句意：火星被称为地球的红色邻居。根据常识及 “Earth’s red” 可知，火星是地球的 “邻居”，应用 neighbour，作宾语。 【小题 4】句意：言语无法表达我对中国太空成就的自豪。根据 “how proud I am” 可知，此处指 “表达” 情感，应用 express，情态动词 can’t 后接动词原形。故填 express。 【小题 5】句意：宇航员梦想有一天探索整个宇宙。根据 “exploring the whole” 及常识可知，探索的对象是 “宇宙”，应用 universe，作宾语。 【小题 6】句意：中国未来将发射更多航天器研究火星。根据 “more spacecraft to study Mars” 可知，此处指 “发射” 航天器，应用 launch，will 后接动词原形。故填 launch。 【小题 7】句意：祝融号火星车由天问一号释放到火星上。主语 “The rover Zhurong” 与 “release” 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，时态为一般过去时，故用过去分词 released。 【小题 8】句意：该航天器将在着陆前绕地球运行三个月。根据 “the Earth for three months before landing” 可知，此处指 “绕轨道运行”，应用 orbit，will 后接动词原形。故填 orbit。 【小题 9】句意：天问一号于 2021 年 5 月 15 日着陆在火星表面。根据 “on the surface of Mars” 及时间状语可知，此处指 “着陆” 动作，时态为一般过去时，故用过去式 landed。 【小题 10】句意：数千年来科学家们一直试图探索火星。根据 “Mars” 及语境可知，此处指 “探索” 火星，应用 explore，try to do 后接动词原形。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 China’s space dream has a long history. Thousands of years ago, Chinese people looked up at the stars and had a deep love for the 1 . The story of Wan Hu is well-known. He wanted to fly into space with rockets, and later a crater on the Moon was 2 after him. In 1970, China sent its first satellite into space. It was a great 3 in China’s space history. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut to travel into space. People were very 4 of him. With fast development, China started to explore Mars. Tianwen-1 was 5 into space in 2020. It travelled a very long way in the 6 . After months of flight, it finally got to Mars. It circled Mars for three months 7 it landed safely. The rover Zhurong worked well on Mars. It took photos and 8 useful information back to Earth. Now China has built its own space station. Astronauts live and do scientific 9 there. We believe more young people will join in space exploration. Maybe one day, we Chinese will 10 on Mars and know more about the red planet. 1．A．river B．forest C．universe D．village 2．A．named B．looked C．taken D．moved 3．A．mistake B．success C．problem D．message 4．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．careful 5．A．launched B．invented C．invited D．improved 6．A．sky B．space C．ground D．sea 7．A．after B．before C．because D．so 8．A．gave B．passed C．sent D．lent 9．A．experiments B．games C．sports D．shows 10．A．walk B．swim C．fly D．drive 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，梳理了从古至今中国探索宇宙的历程，介绍人造卫星、载人航天、火星探测与空间站等航天成就，表达对未来太空探索的期许。 【详解】 1．句意：数千年前，中国人仰望星辰，内心对宇宙怀有深厚的热爱。 根据原文“Thousands of years ago,Chinese people looked up at the stars”，抬头望向星空对应的事物是宇宙，应选用“universe”，表示宇宙，贴合全文航天探索的主题。river表示河流；forest表示森林；village表示村庄，均和星空、航天的内容无关。   2．句意：他想要借助火箭飞向太空，后来月球上一座环形山以他的名字命名。 根据固定搭配“be named after”，代表以……命名，用来表述月球环形山纪念万户的设定，应选用“named”，表示命名。looked表示看；taken表示带走；moved表示移动，无法和after构成该固定搭配。   3．句意：1970年，中国将首颗人造卫星送入太空，这是中国航天史上一次重大的成功。 根据原文“China sent its first satellite into space”，发射第一颗卫星是标志性的正向航天成果，应选用“success”，表示成功，匹配这件事的积极意义。mistake表示错误；problem表示难题；message表示讯息，语义和发射卫星的成就相悖。   4．句意：2003年杨利伟成为首位进入太空的中国航天员，人们都为他感到无比自豪。 根据固定搭配“be proud of”，代表为…感到自豪，用来形容国人对首位飞天航天员的心情，应选用“proud”，表示自豪的。afraid表示害怕的；tired表示疲惫的；careful表示细心的，无法和of搭配表达崇敬赞许的情绪。   5．句意：随着快速发展，中国开启火星探索，天问一号于2020年发射升空。 根据航天领域常用搭配“launch spacecraft/satellite”，指代航天器的发射，应选用“launched”，表示发射，适配探测器送入太空的场景。invented表示发明；invited表示邀请；improved表示改良，不能用来描述探测器升空的动作。   6．句意：它在宇宙中飞行了极远的路程。 根据原文"Tianwen-1 was … into space"，探测器全程在太空航行，应选用“space”，表示太空，对应航天器的运行环境。sky侧重地球上方的天空；ground表示地面；sea表示海洋，都不属于星际航行的空间。   7．句意：在安全着陆之前，它环绕火星飞行了三个月。 根据飞行器的操作顺序，先环绕轨道运行，之后才落地，环绕的动作发生在着陆之前，应选用“before”，表示在……之前，贴合先后操作逻辑。after表示在……之后，顺序颠倒；because表示因为；so表示因此，无法体现时间先后。   8．句意：祝融号火星车在火星运转良好，它拍摄照片并把有用的信息传回地球。 根据航天器传输数据的行为，搭配“information back to Earth”，应选用“sent”，表示传送、发送，适配信息回传的动作。gave表示给予；passed表示传递，侧重实物交接；lent表示借出，均不适合远程传输数据的语境。   9．句意：航天员在空间站内生活、开展科学实验。 根据空间站的核心任务是开展各类科研活动，应选用“experiments”，表示实验，“scientific experiments”为固定搭配，代表科学实验。games表示游戏；sports表示体育运动；shows表示演出，不符合空间站的工作内容。   10．句意：我们相信更多年轻人会投身太空探索，或许有一天我们中国人能登上火星行走，更加了解这颗红色星球。 根据语境设想人类登陆火星后的行为，在星球表面行走是基础活动，应选用“walk”，表示行走，契合人类登陆地外行星的设想。swim表示游泳，无对应场景；fly表示飞行，是航天器的动作；drive表示驾驶，并非人类自身的基础活动。 二、阅读理解 A Is there a second Earth in the universe? How did the universe and life start? To answer these questions, China will send satellites into space. They will carry out four big plans. The Hongmeng Program is the first plan. It is a team of about 10 satellites. They will fly to the far side of the moon. This place is quiet. There, they will catch signals (信号) from deep space. Think of the universe as a growing child. These satellites will help us discover what it was like when it was just a baby. Next, meet Kuafu-2. It will be the world’s first satellite to fly around the sun’s poles. It is like a photographer, taking special photos of the sun. This helps scientists learn more about solar activity and how it influences Earth. The third plan is a planet-hunting satellite. It works as a detective and looks for a second home for us in space. Then there is the fourth one. A space observatory (天文台) will fly above Earth’s atmosphere. It will look at some unexplored parts of space, such as areas around black holes where time and space are twisted (弯曲的). There, it will run experiments that can’t happen on Earth. 1．What is the main job of the Hongmeng Program satellites? A．To take pictures of the sun. B．To study black holes near Earth. C．To pick up signals from the early universe. D．To find a new planet for humans. 2．The satellite Kuafu-2 is like a photographer because it will _________. A．write stories about the sun B．take pictures of the sun C．paint pictures of space D．send astronauts to the sun 3．The underlined word “detective” in the third plan description is used to show that the satellite _________. A．works secretly B．finds hidden things C．travels very fast D．solves problems on Earth 4．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To explain how satellites are built. B．To tell a story about astronauts living in space. C．To describe China’s future goals in space science. D．To compare Chinese and American space programs. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国为探索宇宙和生命起源，将执行的四项太空计划，分别说明各计划卫星的任务与科学价值。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“They will catch signals (信号) from deep space”和“These satellites will help us discover what it was like when it was just a baby”可知，鸿蒙计划的主要任务是捕捉早期宇宙的信号，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Kuafu-2…It is like a photographer, taking special photos of the sun”可知，夸父二号被比作摄影师是因为它会拍摄太阳的特殊照片，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The third plan is a planet-hunting satellite. It works as a detective and looks for a second home for us in space”可知，这颗卫星的任务是寻找类地行星，就像侦探寻找隐藏的事物一样，detective“侦探”用来比喻卫星寻找隐藏的行星的功能，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“China will send satellites into space. They will carry out four big plans”及后文对四个计划的介绍可知，作者旨在介绍中国太空科学的未来目标，故选C。 Long ago, people looked at the night sky and told stories about stars. Today, scientists use powerful machines to explore the universe. Some machines travel thousands of kilometres away from Earth. Others go even farther and send information back. A lander is one kind of space machine. It can leave a spacecraft and reach the surface of a planet or moon. A good lander must be strong because the trip is difficult. It may pass through hot or cold areas before it lands. Scientists prepare carefully before they send a lander. They test its equipment again and again. They also plan what experiments it will do. After the lander arrives, it may take photos, collect rocks or study the air around it. Lander projects need determination. Sometimes a lander stops working early. Sometimes it sends back amazing views for years. Each experience helps scientists learn more. Even a problem can teach people how to build a better machine next time. Space exploration will continue. Maybe someday, students in today’s classrooms will design new landers. Their machines may help humans understand ancient rocks, faraway islands in space, or even places we have not imagined yet. 1．What is a lander? A．A kind of space machine. B．A story about stars. C．A place on Earth. D．A school experiment. 2．Why must a good lander be strong? A．Because it needs to write poems. B．Because the trip is difficult. C．Because it is always weak. D．Because students will tie it. 3．What may a lander do after it arrives? A．Collect rocks. B．Cook food. C．Open a shop. D．Make spacesuits. 4．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．Lander projects are easy for everyone. B．Lander projects need time and determination. C．A lander never has problems. D．A lander cannot send back views. 5．What is the writer’s attitude toward future space exploration? A．Hopeful. B．Afraid. C．Angry. D．Uninterested. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了着陆器的定义、特点、着陆后的任务以及探测项目所需的决心，并展望了未来太空探索的前景。 【详解】1．文章第二段指出“A lander is one kind of space machine.”，说明着陆器是一种太空机器。 2．文章第二段指出“A good lander must be strong because the trip is difficult.”，说明着陆器必须坚固是因为旅程艰难。 3．文章第三段指出“After the lander arrives, it may take photos, collect rocks or study the air around it.”，说明着陆器到达后可以收集岩石。 4．文章第四段指出“Lander projects need determination...Each experience helps scientists learn more. Even a problem can teach people how to build a better machine next time.”，说明该段主要讲述着陆器项目需要时间和决心。 5．文章最后一段指出“Maybe someday, students in today’s classrooms will design new landers. Their machines may help humans understand ancient rocks, faraway islands in space, or even places we have not imagined yet.”，说明作者对未来太空探索持充满希望的态度。 三、阅读还原 Becoming an astronaut Many kids dream of being an astronaut. 1 First, there’s no “astronaut” class in college. To be an astronaut, you must study hard and get a master’s degree (硕士学位) in a STEM subject like Science, Technology, Engineering or Maths. 2 Or you could train (培训) as a pilot and fly for at least 1,000 hours in an airplane. Second, you have to be very fit and healthy! 3 You need to be the right size: not too short (at least 160cm) and not too tall (not taller than 190cm). 4 And you can wear glasses to correct it if needed. Then, you need to get into an astronaut training programme. It takes two years. You do a lot of exercise to prepare your body for space travel. 5 So, if you dream of being an astronaut, start by working hard at school, especially in Science and Maths. It’s not easy to be an astronaut, but maybe one day you’ll be in space looking down at the Earth! A．You also need to work for two years in space exploration. B．But do you know how to become one? C．You also learn about spaceships, space stations and the science behind them. D．You need to pass a hard test to make sure your body can do the job. E．Your eyesight (视力) should be good. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员。 【详解】1．根据“Many kids dream of being an astronaut”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员，选项B“但你知道如何成为其中一员吗”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Or you could train (培训) as a pilot and fly for at least 1,000 hours in an airplane.”可知或者你可以训练成为一名飞行员，在飞机上飞行至少1000个小时，故此处是介绍工作要求，选项A“你还需要在太空探索领域工作两年”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Second, you have to be very fit and healthy”可知身体要健康，选项D“你需要通过一项艰难的测试，以确保你的身体能够胜任这项工作”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“And you can wear glasses to correct it if needed.”可知此处内容和视力有关，选项E“你的视力应该很好”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“Then, you need to get into an astronaut training programme”可知需要参加宇航员培训计划，介绍训练的内容，选项C“你还将了解宇宙飞船、空间站及其背后的科学”符合语境。故选C。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Have you ever looked up at the night sky and dreamed of living among the stars? The great Chinese poet Su Shi once 1 (write), “Riding the wind, there I would fly, yet I’m afraid the crystalline palace would be too high and cold for me.” (我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒) For many 2 (century), people have wondered: what would it truly be like to live in the sky? Today, Chinese scientists have done excellent work in space science, 3 we are getting closer to this ancient dream. We have built 4 (we) own “crystalline palace” in space—the Tiangong Space Station. Astronauts live there for months 5 (help) us understand more about our universe. This dream keeps 6 (grow). On November 11, 2025, the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft went into the sky for an important task. It had to arrive 7 the space station quickly to solve a problem. In just about three and a half hours, it 8 (successful) reached Tiangong. Looking back at the poem of Su Shi, we might ask: if he could see today’s warm, safe, and 9 (beauty) space station, will he still be afraid? Perhaps not. He might even write 10 new poem about our blue planet. 【答案】 1．wrote 2．centuries 3．so 4．our 5．to help 6．growing 7．at 8．successfully 9．beautiful 10．a 【导语】本文结合苏轼的诗句，讲述了中国人对太空的向往，以及如今中国航天 (如天宫空间站) 的发展让古人的太空梦逐渐成真。 【详解】 1．句意：中国伟大诗人苏轼曾写道：“我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高处不胜寒。”根据原文中“once” (表“曾经”，是一般过去时的标志）可知，“write”需用过去式，“write”的过去式是“wrote”。故填wrote。 2．句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直想知道：生活在天空中到底是什么感觉？根据原文中“many”，后接可数名词复数，可知“century”需变为复数形式，“century”的复数是“centuries”。故填centuries。 3．句意：如今，中国科学家在太空科学领域做出了卓越的贡献，所以我们正离这个古老的梦想越来越近。根据原文中“Chinese scientists have done excellent work in space science” (中国科学家做出卓越贡献) 和“we are getting closer to this ancient dream” (离梦想更近) 的因果关系，可知此处用连词“so”。故填so。 4．句意：我们建造了自己的“琼楼玉宇”——天宫空间站。根据原文中“own” (自己的) 前需用形容词性物主代词，可知“we”对应的形容词性物主代词是“our”。故填our。 5．句意：宇航员在那里生活数月，帮助我们进一步了解宇宙。根据原文中“Astronauts live there for months”的目的是“us understand more about our universe”，表目的需用动词不定式，“help”的不定式是“to help”。故填to help。 6．句意：这个梦想在不断成长。根据原文中“keep”的固定用法“keep doing sth.”，可知“grow”需变为动名词形式“growing”。故填growing。 7．句意：它必须迅速抵达空间站解决一个问题。 “arrive”后接小地点的固定搭配用“arrive at”，所以此处用介词“at”。故填at。 8．句意：在大约三个半小时内，它成功抵达了天宫空间站。根据原文中“reached Tiangong”是动词短语，修饰动词需用副词，“successful”的副词形式是“successfully”。故填successfully。 9．句意：如果苏轼能看到如今温暖、安全又美丽的空间站，他还会害怕吗？根据原文中“warm, safe”是形容词，此处需用形容词与它们并列，“beauty”的形容词形式是“beautiful”。故填beautiful。 10．句意：他甚至可能会写一首关于我们这颗蓝色星球的新诗。根据原文中“new poem”是可数名词单数，且“new”以辅音音素开头，可知此处用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $