Unit 5 课时1 Section 1 Reading（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

Unit 5 Off to space 课时1 Section 1 Reading 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 spacesuit n. 航天服；宇航服 collect v. 收集；采集 leave v. 离开 kilometre n. 千米；公里 weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的 tie v. （用线、绳等）拴 low adj. 低于通常 （水平或数量）的 weigh v. 有…… 重；重 breathe v. 呼吸 space station 空间站 do exercise 锻炼；运动 take photos 拍照 句型 1. Tomorrow I'll be one of the first students to travel into space. 明天，我将成为首批前往太空旅行的学生之一。 2. The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so it'll take us about three days to get there. 月球距离地球约38万千米，因此我们到达那里大约需要3天的时间。 3. We need to tie the sleeping bag to the wall so that we won't float away in our sleep! 我们需要把睡袋系在墙上，这样我们在睡觉时就不会飘走。 4. Because of the low gravity, our bodies may get weak , so we’ll have to do exercise every day. 由于重力较低，我们的身体可能会变得虚弱，因此我们每天都需要进行锻炼。 5. I ’ m going to take as many as photos as I can .I ’ m sure that it ’ ll be a wonderful trip! 我会尽可能多地拍照，我相信这将是一次美妙的旅程。 ) 一、单词拼写（根据句意及首字母提示写单词） 1.You have to put on your s________ before you go out into space. 2.Scientists c________ moon rocks to study the moon. 3.The spacecraft will l________ the base and fly back to Earth. 4.Mars is millions of k________ away from our planet. 5.People may become w________ if they never do sports in space. 6.Remember to t________ your bag to the fixed point in the spaceship. 7.The moon has l________ gravity compared with our earth. 8.This small robot w________ two kilograms. 9.Astronauts can b________ easily with the help of the spacesuit. 10.Astronauts do lots of experiments in the s________ s________. 二、完成句子（根据中文提示完成英文句子） 1. 明天我将成为首批前往太空旅行的学生之一。 Tomorrow I'll be ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to travel into space. 2. 月球距离地球约 38 万千米，因此我们到达那里大约需要三天。 The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so ________ ________ ________ about three days ________ ________ there. 3. 我们需要把睡袋系在墙上，这样睡觉时就不会飘走。 We need to ________ the sleeping bag ________ the wall ________ ________ we won’t float away in our sleep. 4. 由于重力较低，我们的身体可能会变虚弱，所以我们必须每天锻炼。 ________ ________ the low gravity, our bodies may ________ ________, so we’ll have to ________ ________ every day. 5. 我会尽可能多地拍照。我相信这将会是一次美妙的旅行。 I’m going to take ________ ________ ________ ________ I can. I’m sure that it’ll be a wonderful trip! 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Space is a huge and amazing world. It is full of unknown and beautiful things. Many people have a beautiful dream of travelling into space. The Earth is our home in space. It is one of the planets of the solar system. The sun is the 1 star in our system. It gives us light and heat. Without the sun, the world will be dark and 2 . The moon is our closest neighbour in space. It is much 3 than the Earth. There are many small holes on its surface. If you look at the moon at night, it looks very bright and 4 . But it has no light of its own. It only reflects the light of the sun. For many years, scientists have kept studying space. They send spaceships to 5 space. Astronauts take spaceships to visit different planets. They do many experiments to learn more space 6 . Space travel is very 7 . It costs a lot of money and needs great courage. Astronauts are very brave and hard-working. They 8 lots of difficulties in their work. I love space very much. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. I hope I can fly into space, watch bright stars 9 and explore the wonderful universe. I believe my dream will 10 one day. 1．A．only B．just C．same D．different 2．A．warm B．cold C．hot D．cool 3．A．smaller B．bigger C．longer D．shorter 4．A．ugly B．boring C．beautiful D．useless 5．A．explore B．pollute C．protect D．save 6．A．rules B．knowledge C．problems D．mistakes 7．A．easy B．simple C．difficult D．common 8．A．face B．avoid C．refuse D．forget 9．A．in the sky B．on the ground C．in the sea D．on the moon 10．A．come true B．come out C．come on D．come back 二、阅读理解 Hello, I am Song Lingdong, a 34-year-old astronaut from Tiangong. Let me tell you something about my daily life in space (太空). I get up early every morning. Before having breakfast, I brush my teeth and wash my face with special wipes (湿巾). There is no gravity (重力) here. So I can’t use running water (水). All the food is dry here. Food with no water is hard to eat, so I sometimes put it into water before eating. Drinking is not easy. I need to be very careful when drinking water. I often work for long hours. But the life is never (从不) boring. When I am free, I enjoy reading books and listening to music. I usually take photos of the earth. It is my home. I sometimes have video calls with my family. Exercising is another important part of my daily life. With no gravity, I have to use special instruments to keep me strong (强壮). With no gravity, everything floats (漂浮) around. So I have to get into a sleeping bag (睡袋) when I go to bed. Life as an astronaut is exciting. I really have a wonderful time in space. 1．What’s this article (文章) about? A．Song Lingdong’s space life. B．Song Lingdong’s work. C．Song Lingdong’s daily routine. 2．What may the underlined word “dry” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．冷的. B．软的. C．干的. 3．With no gravity, what is Song’s life like in space? A．He sleeps in a sleeping bag. B．He doesn’t need to do exercise. C．He can use running water to wash his face. 4．What does Song Lingdong think of the life in space? A．Easy but dangerous. B．Difficult but exciting. C．Boring but cool. 5．In which section of the newspaper may you read this article? A．Travel. B．Health. C．Science. 一、完形填空 As we all know, technology (科技) can help humans in many ways. Changing (改变) the way we live is one of them. Here are a few of the newest technologies that will 1 change our lives in the future. Space Trip—We can 2 to any country in the world now. But what if everyone could see the Earth from 3 all day. People are trying to make it 4 one day. In the future, 5 may fly rockets to space. They are able to visit anywhere they want in space. Robots in Space—NASA will 6 robots of different shapes and sizes into space. Robots don’t need to worry about food to eat. They can help humans finish more difficult and 7 jobs. They can also work more quickly with fewer problems.      Hyper-fast Trains—Now the scientists are 8 and testing such a train in the USA．The first train will go from Los Angeles to San Francisco. The other is going from New York to Washington D．C． in 29 minutes. In the future, the hyper-fast train will be not only between 9 , but also between different countries. It’s 10 to visit from one country to another in a short time. 1．A．hardly B．already C．probably D．quietly 2．A．fly B．stand C．expect D．give 3．A．apartments B．factories C．space D．sea 4．A．grow up B．come true C．come on D．bring out 5．A．peace B．pollution C．animals D．humans 6．A．send B．turn C．act D．win 7．A．comfortable B．dangerous C．meaningless D．successful 8．A．reaching B．painting C．building D．touching 9．A．cities B．villages C．farms D．schools 10．A．impossible B．lucky C．unlucky D．possible 二、阅读理解 Gui Haichao is a university teacher, mainly teaching space at Beihang University. His dream of flying to space has now come true. On 30 May morning, the Shenzhou-16 went into space from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in northwest China. In 2018, China began to select the astronauts. Unlike past choices, this time, astronauts were chosen in three kinds: space pilots, space engineers, and payload specialists. Gui became the first payload specialist to enter space. During the Shenzhou-16 task, he would manage the payload for space science experiments. Gui grew up in a common family in Yunnan Province. His interest in space began at the age of 17 when he turned on the school radio and heard the news of Yang Liwei’s space travel in 2003. Over the past few years, Gui has been trained to use difficult equipment and do experiments in space. However, the training was a big problem for him. “I felt very sick after the space training,” he said. “So, I added more exercise. learnt from other astronauts. and tried some of the training methods used by pilots. Finally, my physical ability slowly improved.” As a sports lover, Gui found happiness in training activities. Because he had the habit of doing sports, he was able to keep up with this difficult training. His spirit of not being afraid of difficulties in realizing his dream made him successful. Although he wore glasses, he was able to become an astronaut. 1．What does the underlined word “select” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Train. B．Choose. C．Search. D．Exam. 2．In what role did Gui Haichao join the Shenzhou-16 task? A．The space pilot. B．The payload expert. C．The ground director. D．The space flight engineer. 3．What did Gui Haichao do to improve his physical ability? a. Master the usage of equipment.     b. Do more exercise c. Learn from other astronauts.     d. Practise the training methods of pilots A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 4．Why could Gui Haichao be able to keep up with the difficult training? A．Because he found happiness in doing homework. B．Because he is not afraid of doing exercises. C．Because he had the habit of doing sports. D．Because he wore glasses. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How Gui studied the space area. B．How Gui did space scientific experiments. C．How Gui became a successful university teacher. D．How Gui achieved his dream of becoming an astronaut. 一、阅读理解 （2026·四川广元·中考真题）The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代) in paragraph 2? A．Earth. B．Solar surface. C．Mars. D．Microbial life. 2．Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To explain the great influence of solar wind. B．To provide further information about Mars. C．To stress the importance of water on Mars. D．To suggest keeping skin from getting dry. 3．How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? A．By sending out the spaceship to Mars. B．By measuring the amount of salt on Mars. C．By checking the materials collected from Mars. D．By noticing the number of reflected radio waves. 4．What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? A．Comfortable. B．Hopeful. C．Disappointed. D．Uncaring. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Exploration of Energy on Mars B．The Situation of Living Things on Mars C．The Explanation of The Climate on Mars D．The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars 二、阅读还原 （2026·山东烟台·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Jennifer Heldmann is a planetary scientist. Her team at NASA is looking for water on the moon and Mars (火星), which will help decide if astronauts can live in these places. When Jennifer was 10 years old, she saw the movie Space Camp. 1 She loved the movie and became interested in space science. When she was at college, she learned that there was no water on the moon. Later, she and her team started sending research tasks there. The information they got told them, “Hey, maybe there is water on the moon!” 2 They love to discover something new. When their team learned that there was some form of water on Mars, they began to wonder: Is there anything living in the water? 3 They also do research in Iceland and Antarctica, through which they learn how ice and water work in cold environments. 4 They can know how water behaves on the moon and Mars because they understand how it behaves on Earth. In Jennifer’s opinion, kids are the future of space exploration. They are going to be the scientists and astronauts who’ll discover space mysteries. 5 Having a face-to-face communication with scientists is also a good idea. A．Could there be life on a planet besides Earth? B．That is really exciting news for the researchers. C．Then they can research other planets with that knowledge. D．There must be water on many other planets, including Mars. E．It is about a group of kids at a space camp who were sent to space. F．It is suggested that kids who are interested in space read more books. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Off to space 课时1 Section 1 Reading 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 spacesuit n. 航天服；宇航服 collect v. 收集；采集 leave v. 离开 kilometre n. 千米；公里 weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的 tie v. （用线、绳等）拴 low adj. 低于通常 （水平或数量）的 weigh v. 有…… 重；重 breathe v. 呼吸 space station 空间站 do exercise 锻炼；运动 take photos 拍照 句型 1. Tomorrow I'll be one of the first students to travel into space. 明天，我将成为首批前往太空旅行的学生之一。 2. The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so it'll take us about three days to get there. 月球距离地球约38万千米，因此我们到达那里大约需要3天的时间。 3. We need to tie the sleeping bag to the wall so that we won't float away in our sleep! 我们需要把睡袋系在墙上，这样我们在睡觉时就不会飘走。 4. Because of the low gravity, our bodies may get weak , so we’ll have to do exercise every day. 由于重力较低，我们的身体可能会变得虚弱，因此我们每天都需要进行锻炼。 5. I ’ m going to take as many as photos as I can .I ’ m sure that it ’ ll be a wonderful trip! 我会尽可能多地拍照，我相信这将是一次美妙的旅程。 ) 一、单词拼写（根据句意及首字母提示写单词） 1.You have to put on your s________ before you go out into space. 2.Scientists c________ moon rocks to study the moon. 3.The spacecraft will l________ the base and fly back to Earth. 4.Mars is millions of k________ away from our planet. 5.People may become w________ if they never do sports in space. 6.Remember to t________ your bag to the fixed point in the spaceship. 7.The moon has l________ gravity compared with our earth. 8.This small robot w________ two kilograms. 9.Astronauts can b________ easily with the help of the spacesuit. 10.Astronauts do lots of experiments in the s________ s________. 【答案】1.spacesuit 2.collect 3.leave 4.kilometres 5.weak 6.tie 7.lower 8.weighs 9.breathe 10.space station 二、完成句子（根据中文提示完成英文句子） 1. 明天我将成为首批前往太空旅行的学生之一。 Tomorrow I'll be ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to travel into space. 2. 月球距离地球约 38 万千米，因此我们到达那里大约需要三天。 The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so ________ ________ ________ about three days ________ ________ there. 3. 我们需要把睡袋系在墙上，这样睡觉时就不会飘走。 We need to ________ the sleeping bag ________ the wall ________ ________ we won’t float away in our sleep. 4. 由于重力较低，我们的身体可能会变虚弱，所以我们必须每天锻炼。 ________ ________ the low gravity, our bodies may ________ ________, so we’ll have to ________ ________ every day. 5. 我会尽可能多地拍照。我相信这将会是一次美妙的旅行。 I’m going to take ________ ________ ________ ________ I can. I’m sure that it’ll be a wonderful trip! 【答案】1.one of the first students 2.it will take; to get 3.tie; to; so that 4.Because of; get weak; do exercise 5.as many photos as 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Space is a huge and amazing world. It is full of unknown and beautiful things. Many people have a beautiful dream of travelling into space. The Earth is our home in space. It is one of the planets of the solar system. The sun is the 1 star in our system. It gives us light and heat. Without the sun, the world will be dark and 2 . The moon is our closest neighbour in space. It is much 3 than the Earth. There are many small holes on its surface. If you look at the moon at night, it looks very bright and 4 . But it has no light of its own. It only reflects the light of the sun. For many years, scientists have kept studying space. They send spaceships to 5 space. Astronauts take spaceships to visit different planets. They do many experiments to learn more space 6 . Space travel is very 7 . It costs a lot of money and needs great courage. Astronauts are very brave and hard-working. They 8 lots of difficulties in their work. I love space very much. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. I hope I can fly into space, watch bright stars 9 and explore the wonderful universe. I believe my dream will 10 one day. 1．A．only B．just C．same D．different 2．A．warm B．cold C．hot D．cool 3．A．smaller B．bigger C．longer D．shorter 4．A．ugly B．boring C．beautiful D．useless 5．A．explore B．pollute C．protect D．save 6．A．rules B．knowledge C．problems D．mistakes 7．A．easy B．simple C．difficult D．common 8．A．face B．avoid C．refuse D．forget 9．A．in the sky B．on the ground C．in the sea D．on the moon 10．A．come true B．come out C．come on D．come back 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了太空、太阳和月亮的基本知识，描述了科学家探索太空的艰辛，表达了作者想成为宇航员并实现梦想的美好愿望。 【详解】 1．句意：太阳是我们太阳系中唯一的恒星。 根据文中“It gives us light and heat”，太阳系只有太阳这一颗恒星，only符合语境，表达“唯一的”含义。just仅仅、刚好，same相同的，different不同的，均不符合逻辑。 2．句意：没有太阳，世界将会一片黑暗而且寒冷。 根据文中“It gives us light and heat”，太阳为地球提供光和热，没有太阳地球就会寒冷，cold符合语境。warm温暖的，hot炎热的，cool凉爽的，均不符合文意。 3．句意：它比地球小得多。 根据常识以及前文“The moon is our closest neighbour in space”，实际天体大小中月球体积远小于地球，比较级smaller符合语境。bigger更大的，longer更长的，shorter更短的，均不符合实际。 4．句意：如果你在夜晚看月亮，它看起来非常明亮又美丽。 根据全文对太空事物的赞美基调，bright（明亮的）是褒义词，并列的beautiful符合语境。ugly丑陋的，boring无聊的，useless无用的，均不符合情感逻辑。 5．句意：他们发射宇宙飞船去探索太空。 根据前文“For many years, scientists have kept studying space”，科学家一直研究太空，发射飞船的目的是探索太空，explore符合语境。pollute污染，protect保护，save拯救，均不符合文意。 6．句意：他们做很多实验来学习更多太空知识。 根据前文“For many years, scientists have kept studying space”，科学家做实验的目的是获取更多和太空相关的知识，knowledge符合语境。rules规则，problems问题，mistakes错误，均不符合探索的目的。 7．句意：太空旅行非常困难。 根据后文“It costs a lot of money and needs great courage”，花费高还需要勇气，说明太空旅行难度很高，difficult符合语境。easy容易的，simple简单的，common普通的，均不符合文意。 8．句意：他们在工作中面对很多困难。 根据前文“Astronauts are very brave and hard-working”，勇敢勤奋的宇航员会直面工作中的诸多困难，face符合语境。avoid避免，refuse拒绝，forget忘记，均不符合对宇航员工作的描述。 9．句意：我希望我能飞入太空，在天空中看明亮的星星，探索奇妙的宇宙。 根据前文“I hope I can fly into space”，飞入太空之后星星在天空中，in the sky符合语境。on the ground在地面，in the sea在海里，on the moon在月球，均不符合文意。 10．句意：我相信我的梦想总有一天会实现。 根据前文“I want to be an astronaut when I grow up...I hope I can fly into space”，此处表达梦想成真，come true表示（梦想）实现，符合搭配和语境。come out出版、开花，come on加油，come back回来，均不符合搭配和文意。 二、阅读理解 Hello, I am Song Lingdong, a 34-year-old astronaut from Tiangong. Let me tell you something about my daily life in space (太空). I get up early every morning. Before having breakfast, I brush my teeth and wash my face with special wipes (湿巾). There is no gravity (重力) here. So I can’t use running water (水). All the food is dry here. Food with no water is hard to eat, so I sometimes put it into water before eating. Drinking is not easy. I need to be very careful when drinking water. I often work for long hours. But the life is never (从不) boring. When I am free, I enjoy reading books and listening to music. I usually take photos of the earth. It is my home. I sometimes have video calls with my family. Exercising is another important part of my daily life. With no gravity, I have to use special instruments to keep me strong (强壮). With no gravity, everything floats (漂浮) around. So I have to get into a sleeping bag (睡袋) when I go to bed. Life as an astronaut is exciting. I really have a wonderful time in space. 1．What’s this article (文章) about? A．Song Lingdong’s space life. B．Song Lingdong’s work. C．Song Lingdong’s daily routine. 2．What may the underlined word “dry” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．冷的. B．软的. C．干的. 3．With no gravity, what is Song’s life like in space? A．He sleeps in a sleeping bag. B．He doesn’t need to do exercise. C．He can use running water to wash his face. 4．What does Song Lingdong think of the life in space? A．Easy but dangerous. B．Difficult but exciting. C．Boring but cool. 5．In which section of the newspaper may you read this article? A．Travel. B．Health. C．Science. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了宇航员宋灵东在太空的日常生活，介绍了太空无重力环境下他的起居、饮食、工作、休闲、锻炼及睡眠等情况，并表达了他对太空生活的感受。 【详解】 1．第一段点明主题：“Let me tell you something about my daily life in space”，直接说明文章主要介绍宋灵东在太空的日常生活。 2．第三段解释词义：“All the food is dry here. Food with no water is hard to eat”，由此可知“dry”的意思是“干的”。 3．第六段描述生活状态：“With no gravity, everything floats around. So I have to get into a sleeping bag when I go to bed”，说明在无重力环境下他要睡在睡袋里。 4．最后一段表达感受：“Life as an astronaut is exciting. I really have a wonderful time in space”，结合前文生活不易的描述，体现他认为太空生活困难但令人兴奋。 5．全文围绕太空生活与航天知识展开，因此这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的科学版面。 一、完形填空 As we all know, technology (科技) can help humans in many ways. Changing (改变) the way we live is one of them. Here are a few of the newest technologies that will 1 change our lives in the future. Space Trip—We can 2 to any country in the world now. But what if everyone could see the Earth from 3 all day. People are trying to make it 4 one day. In the future, 5 may fly rockets to space. They are able to visit anywhere they want in space. Robots in Space—NASA will 6 robots of different shapes and sizes into space. Robots don’t need to worry about food to eat. They can help humans finish more difficult and 7 jobs. They can also work more quickly with fewer problems.      Hyper-fast Trains—Now the scientists are 8 and testing such a train in the USA．The first train will go from Los Angeles to San Francisco. The other is going from New York to Washington D．C． in 29 minutes. In the future, the hyper-fast train will be not only between 9 , but also between different countries. It’s 10 to visit from one country to another in a short time. 1．A．hardly B．already C．probably D．quietly 2．A．fly B．stand C．expect D．give 3．A．apartments B．factories C．space D．sea 4．A．grow up B．come true C．come on D．bring out 5．A．peace B．pollution C．animals D．humans 6．A．send B．turn C．act D．win 7．A．comfortable B．dangerous C．meaningless D．successful 8．A．reaching B．painting C．building D．touching 9．A．cities B．villages C．farms D．schools 10．A．impossible B．lucky C．unlucky D．possible 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了科技能在很多方面帮助人类，重点介绍了太空旅行、太空机器人和超高速列车这三项最新科技，它们未来可能会改变我们的生活。 【详解】 1．句意：以下是几项最新的科技，它们未来可能会彻底改变我们的生活。 结合上下文，此处指科技未来有可能改变生活，probably“可能”符合语境。hardly“几乎不”与文意相反；already“已经”体现不出未来的趋势；quietly“安静地”与“改变生活”的语境不符。 2．句意：我们现在可以飞到世界上任何一个国家。 3．结合下文提到的太空旅行、火箭，此处指“飞行”，fly“飞、飞行”符合语境。stand“站立”、expect“期待”、give“给予”均无法体现“前往各国”的动作，逻辑不通。 句意：但如果有人能整天从太空看地球呢？ 结合本段“Space Trip”（太空旅行）的主题，此处指从太空看地球，space“太空”符合语境。apartments“公寓”、factories“工厂”、sea“大海”均与太空旅行的主题无关。 4．句意：人们正努力让它有一天成为现实。 “it”指代前文“从太空看地球”的想法，come true“实现”符合语境，指让这个想法变成现实。grow up“长大”、come on“加油”、bring out“使显现”均无法与“想法”搭配，逻辑不通。 5．句意：未来，人类可能会乘坐火箭去太空。 结合下文“They are able to visit anywhere they want in space”，此处指能去太空的主体是人类，humans“人类”符合语境。peace“和平”、pollution“污染”、animals“动物”均无法乘坐火箭去太空。 6．句意：美国国家航空航天局将把不同形状和大小的机器人发送到太空。 结合语境，此处指将机器人送往太空，send“发送、派遣”符合语境。turn“变成”、act“行动”、win“赢得”均无法体现“送往太空”的动作，逻辑不通。 7．句意：它们可以帮助人类完成更困难、更危险的工作。 结合常识，机器人常被用于完成人类难以完成的危险工作，dangerous“危险的”符合语境，与difficult“困难的”并列。comfortable“舒适的”、meaningless“无意义的”、successful“成功的”均不符合机器人的用途。 8．句意：现在科学家们正在美国建造并测试这样一列列车。 结合“testing（测试）”，此处指先建造再测试，building“建造”符合语境。reaching“到达”、painting“绘画”、touching“触摸”均与“列车”搭配不当，逻辑不通。 9．句意：未来，超高速列车不仅会在城市之间运行，还会在不同国家之间运行。 结合上文 “from Los Angeles to San Francisco...from New York to Washington D. C. 以及下文“between different countries”，此处指城市之间，cities“城市”符合语境。villages“村庄”、farms“农场”、schools“学校”均不符合超高速列车的运行范围。 10．句意：在短时间内从一个国家前往另一个国家是可能的。 结合前文超高速列车的介绍，它能让跨国旅行变得便捷，possible“可能的”符合语境。impossible“不可能的”与文意相反；lucky“幸运的”、unlucky“不幸的”均与“跨国旅行”的语境不符。 二、阅读理解 Gui Haichao is a university teacher, mainly teaching space at Beihang University. His dream of flying to space has now come true. On 30 May morning, the Shenzhou-16 went into space from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in northwest China. In 2018, China began to select the astronauts. Unlike past choices, this time, astronauts were chosen in three kinds: space pilots, space engineers, and payload specialists. Gui became the first payload specialist to enter space. During the Shenzhou-16 task, he would manage the payload for space science experiments. Gui grew up in a common family in Yunnan Province. His interest in space began at the age of 17 when he turned on the school radio and heard the news of Yang Liwei’s space travel in 2003. Over the past few years, Gui has been trained to use difficult equipment and do experiments in space. However, the training was a big problem for him. “I felt very sick after the space training,” he said. “So, I added more exercise. learnt from other astronauts. and tried some of the training methods used by pilots. Finally, my physical ability slowly improved.” As a sports lover, Gui found happiness in training activities. Because he had the habit of doing sports, he was able to keep up with this difficult training. His spirit of not being afraid of difficulties in realizing his dream made him successful. Although he wore glasses, he was able to become an astronaut. 1．What does the underlined word “select” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Train. B．Choose. C．Search. D．Exam. 2．In what role did Gui Haichao join the Shenzhou-16 task? A．The space pilot. B．The payload expert. C．The ground director. D．The space flight engineer. 3．What did Gui Haichao do to improve his physical ability? a. Master the usage of equipment.     b. Do more exercise c. Learn from other astronauts.     d. Practise the training methods of pilots A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 4．Why could Gui Haichao be able to keep up with the difficult training? A．Because he found happiness in doing homework. B．Because he is not afraid of doing exercises. C．Because he had the habit of doing sports. D．Because he wore glasses. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How Gui studied the space area. B．How Gui did space scientific experiments. C．How Gui became a successful university teacher. D．How Gui achieved his dream of becoming an astronaut. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京航空航天大学教授桂海潮如何克服身体训练的困难，最终成为中国首位载荷专家并成功执行神舟十六号任务，实现飞天梦想的故事。 【详解】 1．第三段提到：“In 2018, China began to select the astronauts... astronauts were chosen in three kinds...”，后文紧接着说“chosen”（被选择），因此“select”意为“选择”（Choose）。 2．第三段明确指出：“Gui became the first payload specialist to enter space.”，桂海潮是第一位进入太空的有效载荷专家（payload specialist），与选项B中的payload expert意思一致。 3．第五段中桂海潮提到为了提高身体素质所做的努力：“So, I added more exercise. learnt from other astronauts. and tried some of the training methods used by pilots.”。对应选项中的：b. Do more exercise（增加锻炼）；c. Learn from other astronauts（向其他航天员学习）；d. Practise the training methods of pilots（尝试飞行员使用的训练方法）。a项“Master the usage of equipment”是他训练的内容之一，但不是他为了提高身体素质而特别采取的额外措施，文中明确列出的改善体能的措施是b、c、d。 4．第六段明确指出：“Because he had the habit of doing sports, he was able to keep up with this difficult training.”，说明他能跟上高强度训练是因为他有做运动的习惯。 5．全文围绕桂海潮从产生太空梦想到克服困难、接受训练并最终进入太空的过程展开，因此主旨是“桂海潮如何实现成为宇航员的梦想”。 一、阅读理解 （2026·四川广元·中考真题）The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to (指代) in paragraph 2? A．Earth. B．Solar surface. C．Mars. D．Microbial life. 2．Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To explain the great influence of solar wind. B．To provide further information about Mars. C．To stress the importance of water on Mars. D．To suggest keeping skin from getting dry. 3．How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? A．By sending out the spaceship to Mars. B．By measuring the amount of salt on Mars. C．By checking the materials collected from Mars. D．By noticing the number of reflected radio waves. 4．What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? A．Comfortable. B．Hopeful. C．Disappointed. D．Uncaring. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Exploration of Energy on Mars B．The Situation of Living Things on Mars C．The Explanation of The Climate on Mars D．The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了‌火星地下咸水湖相关的科学研究与推论，研究证实火星地下存在咸水湖，数十亿年前火星曾温暖宜居，主流观点认为太阳风夺走了火星绝大多数水分，如今靠欧空局探测器的高反射率探测确认了地下储水，但高盐低温环境几乎无法留存生命，当下火星仍不适合居住。 【详解】 1．根据第二段前一句“Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet...”可知，科学家不确定的是火星上的水发生了什么，因此代词it指代的是Mars。 2．第三段将火星表面水分流失比作风吹干湿润的皮肤（It is just like when we get our skin wet... the wind will finally dry us off），旨在通过类比生动地解释太阳风（solar wind）对火星水分流失的巨大影响，导致火星表面变得干燥。 3．根据第四段“Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity...”可知，科学家是通过发射无线电波并检测其反射率（reflected radio waves）来证明火星表面下存在水的。 4．文章最后一段“With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet.”提到火星目前不适宜居住，但科学家仍在探索火星宜居的可能性、坚持研究火星，说明对未来人类在火星居住仍抱有希望。 5．文章首段即点明主题“The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes...”，随后围绕火星咸水湖的发现、成因、探测方法及意义展开，因此“火星咸水湖的发现”是最合适的标题。 二、阅读还原 （2026·山东烟台·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Jennifer Heldmann is a planetary scientist. Her team at NASA is looking for water on the moon and Mars (火星), which will help decide if astronauts can live in these places. When Jennifer was 10 years old, she saw the movie Space Camp. 1 She loved the movie and became interested in space science. When she was at college, she learned that there was no water on the moon. Later, she and her team started sending research tasks there. The information they got told them, “Hey, maybe there is water on the moon!” 2 They love to discover something new. When their team learned that there was some form of water on Mars, they began to wonder: Is there anything living in the water? 3 They also do research in Iceland and Antarctica, through which they learn how ice and water work in cold environments. 4 They can know how water behaves on the moon and Mars because they understand how it behaves on Earth. In Jennifer’s opinion, kids are the future of space exploration. They are going to be the scientists and astronauts who’ll discover space mysteries. 5 Having a face-to-face communication with scientists is also a good idea. A．Could there be life on a planet besides Earth? B．That is really exciting news for the researchers. C．Then they can research other planets with that knowledge. D．There must be water on many other planets, including Mars. E．It is about a group of kids at a space camp who were sent to space. F．It is suggested that kids who are interested in space read more books. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇关于行星科学家Jennifer Heldmann的人物介绍，讲述了她如何对太空科学产生兴趣，以及她的团队在月球和火星上寻找水的研究工作，同时也提到了未来年轻一代在太空探索中的重要性。 【详解】 1．第二段说Jennifer 10岁时看了电影《太空营》，空白处后说她喜欢这部电影并对太空科学产生兴趣。因此空白处应简单介绍这部电影的内容。选项E“It is about a group of kids at a space camp who were sent to space.”（它讲的是太空营里一群被送入太空的孩子）与上文“这部电影”衔接，符合逻辑。 2．第二段说团队从获取的信息中发现“月球上可能有水！”，空白处后说“他们喜欢发现新事物”。因此空白处应表达这对研究人员来说是令人兴奋的消息。选项B“That is really exciting news for the researchers.”（这对研究人员来说真是令人兴奋的消息）与上文形成因果关系，符合逻辑。 3．第三段说团队在火星上发现水的存在后，开始思考水中是否有什么东西存活。选项A“Could there be life on a planet besides Earth?”（除了地球之外，其他星球上会不会有生命？）准确概括了他们的疑问，符合逻辑。 4．第四段说他们在冰岛和南极洲进行研究，了解冰和水在寒冷环境中如何运作，空白处后说“他们知道水在地球上如何运作，就能知道水在月球和火星上如何运作”。因此空白处应说明他们可以用这些知识研究其他星球。选项C“Then they can research other planets with that knowledge.”（然后他们可以用这些知识研究其他星球）与后文形成因果关系，符合逻辑。 5．最后一段说孩子们是太空探索的未来，空白处后说“与科学家面对面交流也是个好主意”。因此空白处应建议对太空感兴趣的孩子多读书。选项F“It is suggested that kids who are interested in space read more books.”（建议对太空感兴趣的孩子多读书）与后文“也”形成并列关系，符合逻辑。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $