Unit 5 Off to space（一般将来时·核心语法精练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

Unit 5 Off to space核心语法精练 （一般将来时） 目录 知识回顾 1 考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 5 三、完成句子 7 综合提升 8 一、语法选择 8 二、语法填空 10 三、任务型阅读 12 一、定义 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作 / 存在的状态，或将来经常 / 反复发生的动作。 例：We will build a space station one day.总有一天我们将会建造一座空间站。 二、时间标志词： 常与 tomorrow（明天）、next term（下学期）、this Sunday（这个周日）、soon（很快）、in 5 years（5 年后）、in the future、in a minute（立刻）等表将来的时间状语连用。 三、基本结构和句型 1. 含助动词 will 的一般将来时 肯定句：主语 + will + do + 其他 例句：They will watch the new movie together this Friday evening. 这周五晚上他们会一起看这部新电影。 否定句：主语 + will + not + do + 其他（will not 可缩写为 won't） 例句：I won't attend the evening class tomorrow. 我明天不会去上晚自习。 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + do + 其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won't. 例句：—Will your parents visit your school next month?— 你父母下个月会来参观你的学校吗？ 例句：—Yes, they will. / No, they won't. —是的，他们会来。/ 不，他们不会来。 2. be going to 表示一般将来时 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + going to + do + 其他 例句：She is going to learn painting during the summer holiday.她打算在暑假期间学习画画。 否定句：主语 + am/is/are not + going to + do + 其他 例句：We aren't going to hold the outdoor activity because of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，我们不打算举办这次户外活动了。 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + do + 其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are./ No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. 例句：—Are you going to join the school reading club this term?— 你们这学期打算加入学校的阅读俱乐部吗？ —Yes, we are. / No, we aren't.— 是的，我们打算加入。/ 不，我们不打算加入。 总结辨析： will：多表临时决定、预测、愿望； be going to：计划打算；根据迹象预判将要发生 四、易错考点 1.there be句型的将来时态 there be 句型表达 “存在有”，其将来时不能与 have（拥有）混用，存在两种常用结构： ① There will be + 名词，用于描述对将来存在事物的预测。 例：There will be a moon base in the future.将来将会有一座月球基地。 ② There is/are going to be + 名词，be 动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，多用于描述计划中将要存在的事物。 例：There are going to be many new robots soon.不久之后将会出现许多新型机器人。 2. 主将从现 当 if（如果）、when（当…… 时）引导条件状语从句或时间状语从句，描述将来发生的动作时，遵循主将从现原则：主句谓语采用一般将来时，从句谓语使用一般现在时表将来含义。 例：If we work hard, we will make our dream come true.如果我们努力奋斗，我们终将实现梦想。 例：When he arrives, he will tell us the news.当他抵达后，他会告知我们这则消息。 口诀：if/when 引从句，主将从现要记牢；主句将来从句现。 一、单项选择 1.I ________ a model rocket with my dad this Sunday afternoon. A．make B．made C．will make D．am making 2.His dream ________ true one day. A．come B．came C．will come D．comes 3.People ________ the moon to build bases in the future. A．visit B．visited C．are visiting D．will visit 4.— When ________ your father ________ Beijing? — Next Friday. A．did; visit B．does; visit C．is; going to visit D．will; visiting 5.There ________ an NBA match on TV this weekend. A．will play B．is going to be C．will have D．is going to have 6.Where ________ you go if your friend ________ in Guangzhou next week? A．do; get B．will; reach C．will; arrives D．do; will arrive 7.— Why are you in such a hurry? — Because the bus ________. I don’t want to miss it. A．comes B．is coming C．came D．will come 8.In the future, ________ more robots in our homes. A．there is B．there was C．there are D．there will be 9. —Will they do plant experiments in space? —________ A. Yes, they are. B. No, they won’t. C. No, they don’t. D. Yes, they did. 10.My brother ________ a computer programmer in five years. A．was B．is C．will be D．Are 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1.He ________ (take) a spaceship to the space station next week. He has already got ready for it. 2.If there is less gravity in space, we ________ (tie) our sleeping bags to the wall. 3.Look at the dark clouds. It ________ (rain) soon. 4.When she ________ (arrive) at Tiangong Space Station, she ________ (do) some plant experiments. 5.I hope I ________ (visit) the moon one day. 6.They ________ (not do) space‑walks tomorrow. They will do scientific experiments instead. 7.—What ________ you ________ (do) this Sunday afternoon? —I am going to watch a show about space robots. 8.If we study hard, our dream ________ (come) true some day. 9.My sister ________ (not be) an astronaut in the future. She wants to be a scientist. 10.When we get to the moon, there ________（be）some special rocks for us to study. 三、完成句子 1.They will launch a rocket tomorrow. (改为否定句） They ________ ________ a rocket tomorrow. 2.He is going to fly to the moon next year. (改为一般疑问句) ________ he ________ ________ fly to the moon next year? 3.We will conduct scientific experiments in the space station. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ you conduct scientific experiments? 4.I will be an astronaut in the future. (改为同义句) I ________ ________ ________ be an astronaut in the future. 5.Will people move to other planets in the future? （作否定回答） ________, _________ ________. 一、语法选择 Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines to look at the sky. This is very different from the situation 1 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 2 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 3 the first astronauts were not people—they were animals. Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 4 as possible for humans. So, they decided to experiment with animals and test them in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals that first went into space. Many of them 5 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 6 forget these animals. Albert II was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly, he died 7 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 8 , the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to earth in very good health. Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 9 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham was sent into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for another 16 years. Scientists believe animals 10 humans know more about space in the future. 1．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 2．A．explore B．to explore C．explored D．exploring 3．A．as B．or C．but D．so 4．A．safe B．safer C．safest D．the safest 5．A．die B．died C．dying D．will die 6．A．shouldn’t B．may not C．don’t have to D．needn’t 7．A．if B．because C．after D．since 8．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckier D．Luckily 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．will help B．helps C．help D．helped 二、语法填空 “Boys and girls, let’s welcome Stella Vega, a great astronaut (宇航员)!” Mr Smith says. Ms Vega walks onto the stage and says, “Hello, everyone! It’s great 1 (meet) you here.” Ms Vega starts sharing 2 (she) story with the students. The class listens 3 (quiet). “In space, everything floats(漂浮). As 4 (冠词) result eating, sleeping and washing your face are adventures,” Ms Vega says. “One of my favourite 5 (thing) is looking out of the window. The Earth looks like a beautiful blue water ball.” Ms Vega tells the students a lot. Finally, she says, “ 6 (be) an astronaut isn’t easy. It’s full of challenges. If you want to go to space, you have to work hard 7 (连词) never give up. The stars are 8 (wait) for you!” The students feel excited when they hear this. After class, Mr. Smith asks his students what they think about the talk. Linda, a sweet girl, says, “What an interesting talk! It makes me 9 (love) space. I 10 (explore) space in the future (未来)!” 三、任务型阅读 Astronauts have already visited the Moon and lived on space stations. They’ve never been to another planet, but they might visit Mars soon. The astronauts will spend about six months traveling to the planet, then about two years on the planet and about six months traveling back to the Earth. They will be away from the Earth for about three years, so they’ll need a lot of food! It’s very expensive to take food into space. It costs about 120,000 dollars to carry something that weighs one kilogram. So an apple on Mars could cost 20,000 dollars! Of course, they will need to take quite a lot of food with them to feed the astronauts for three years. This amount of fresh food can not stay fresh, and is very expensive to take, so they need to find food that is not very heavy. At the moment, astronauts in space stations eat dried food. It’s very light, so it doesn’t cost a lot of money to carry it into space. But astronauts stay healthier and happier if they eat fresh food. In the future, astronauts on Mars may grow vegetables like lettuce, spinach and carrots. Astronauts on Mars will probably have special machines. They will use these machines to change beans into foods that taste like meat or cheese. They probably won’t eat real meat or cheese because it won’t be possible to keep animals in space. 1．Which part of the space have the astronauts visited according to this passage? ___________________________________________________________________ 2．How long will it take the astronauts to get to Mars? ___________________________________________________________________ 3．Why do the astronauts take light food to space stations? ___________________________________________________________________ 4．Astronauts can’t grow vegetables like lettuce in space now, can they? ___________________________________________________________________ 5．How can astronauts change beans into foods that taste like meat or cheese? ___________________________________________________________________ 6．What do you think of astronauts’ life on Mars? Why? ___________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Off to space核心语法精练 （一般将来时） 目录 知识回顾 1 考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 5 三、完成句子 7 综合提升 8 一、语法选择 8 二、语法填空 10 三、任务型阅读 12 一、定义 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作 / 存在的状态，或将来经常 / 反复发生的动作。 例：We will build a space station one day.总有一天我们将会建造一座空间站。 二、时间标志词： 常与 tomorrow（明天）、next term（下学期）、this Sunday（这个周日）、soon（很快）、in 5 years（5 年后）、in the future、in a minute（立刻）等表将来的时间状语连用。 三、基本结构和句型 1. 含助动词 will 的一般将来时 肯定句：主语 + will + do + 其他 例句：They will watch the new movie together this Friday evening. 这周五晚上他们会一起看这部新电影。 否定句：主语 + will + not + do + 其他（will not 可缩写为 won't） 例句：I won't attend the evening class tomorrow. 我明天不会去上晚自习。 一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + do + 其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won't. 例句：—Will your parents visit your school next month?— 你父母下个月会来参观你的学校吗？ 例句：—Yes, they will. / No, they won't. —是的，他们会来。/ 不，他们不会来。 2. be going to 表示一般将来时 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + going to + do + 其他 例句：She is going to learn painting during the summer holiday.她打算在暑假期间学习画画。 否定句：主语 + am/is/are not + going to + do + 其他 例句：We aren't going to hold the outdoor activity because of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，我们不打算举办这次户外活动了。 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + do + 其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are./ No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. 例句：—Are you going to join the school reading club this term?— 你们这学期打算加入学校的阅读俱乐部吗？ —Yes, we are. / No, we aren't.— 是的，我们打算加入。/ 不，我们不打算加入。 总结辨析： will：多表临时决定、预测、愿望； be going to：计划打算；根据迹象预判将要发生 四、易错考点 1.there be句型的将来时态 there be 句型表达 “存在有”，其将来时不能与 have（拥有）混用，存在两种常用结构： ① There will be + 名词，用于描述对将来存在事物的预测。 例：There will be a moon base in the future.将来将会有一座月球基地。 ② There is/are going to be + 名词，be 动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，多用于描述计划中将要存在的事物。 例：There are going to be many new robots soon.不久之后将会出现许多新型机器人。 2. 主将从现 当 if（如果）、when（当…… 时）引导条件状语从句或时间状语从句，描述将来发生的动作时，遵循主将从现原则：主句谓语采用一般将来时，从句谓语使用一般现在时表将来含义。 例：If we work hard, we will make our dream come true.如果我们努力奋斗，我们终将实现梦想。 例：When he arrives, he will tell us the news.当他抵达后，他会告知我们这则消息。 口诀：if/when 引从句，主将从现要记牢；主句将来从句现。 一、单项选择 1.I ________ a model rocket with my dad this Sunday afternoon. A．make B．made C．will make D．am making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个星期天下午我将和爸爸一起制作一个模型火箭。 根据时间状语“this Sunday afternoon”可知动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，填will make。 2.His dream ________ true one day. A．come B．came C．will come D．comes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的梦想总有一天将会实现。 根据时间状语 “one day”（总有一天）可知动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，填 will come。 3.People ________ the moon to build bases in the future. A．visit B．visited C．are visiting D．will visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：未来人类将会造访月球建造基地。 根据时间状语 “in the future” 可知动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，填 will visit。 4.— When ________ your father ________ Beijing? — Next Friday. A．did; visit B．does; visit C．is; going to visit D．will; visiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—你父亲打算什么时候参观北京？—下周五。 根据答语“Next Friday”可知动作发生在将来，A选项did是一般过去时，B选项does是一般现在时，均不符合将来的时间。will后面必须接动词原形visit，不能用visiting。应填is; going to visit。 5.There ________ an NBA match on TV this weekend. A．will play B．is going to be C．will have D．is going to have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个周末电视上将有一场NBA比赛。 will play将比赛（there be结构不能接实义动词play）；is going to be将有（there be句型一般将来时）；will have将有（there be结构不能与have连用）；is going to have将有（错误搭配）。there be句型表示“存在”，其将来时结构为there will be或there is/are going to be，不能与have连用。主语an NBA match是单数，be动词用is。 6.Where ________ you go if your friend ________ in Guangzhou next week? A．do; get B．will; reach C．will; arrives D．do; will arrive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你的朋友下周到达广州，你将要去哪里？ get到达（通常与to搭配使用）；reach到达（后面直接跟地点）；arrive到达（与at或in搭配使用）。在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。主句为一般将来时，第一空应用will；从句主语your friend是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，第二空应用第三人称单数形式arrives。 7.— Why are you in such a hurry? — Because the bus ________. I don’t want to miss it. A．comes B．is coming C．came D．will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 你为什么这么匆忙？—— 因为公交车马上就要来了。我不想错过它。 某些表示位移的动词（come, go, leave, arrive 等）可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。句中“公交车要来了”用is coming。 8.In the future, ________ more robots in our homes. A．there is B．there was C．there are D．there will be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在未来，我们的家里将会有更多的机器人。 根据时间状语“In the future”（在未来）可知，句子描述的是将来的情况，应用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时结构为“there will be”。 9. —Will they do plant experiments in space? —________ A. Yes, they are. B. No, they won’t. C. No, they don’t. D. Yes, they did. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 他们会在太空做植物实验吗？—— 不，他们不会。 will 提问，用 will /won’t 回答。故选B 10.My brother ________ a computer programmer in five years. A．was B．is C．will be D．Are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥五年后将成为一名电脑程序员。 in five years 表示 “五年后”，用于一般将来时，结构为 will 加动词原形。主语 “My brother” 是第三人称单数，be 动词原形为 be，因此填 will be。was 是过去式，is 是一般现在时，are 是复数现在式，均不符合将来时间状语。应填 will be。 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1.He ________ (take) a spaceship to the space station next week. He has already got ready for it. 【答案】is going to take 【详解】句意：下周他要乘坐飞船去空间站，他已经做好准备。 根据后文 “已经做好准备”，表示事先计划安排好的将来，使用 be going to do 结构。 2.If there is less gravity in space, we ________ (tie) our sleeping bags to the wall. 【答案】will tie 【详解】句意：如果太空中重力很小，我们将要把睡袋系在墙上。 考查主将从现，if 引导条件状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句用 will do 一般将来时。 3.Look at the dark clouds. It ________ (rain) soon. 【答案】is going to rain 【详解】句意：看乌云，马上要下雨了。 根据眼前可见迹象（乌云）推测即将发生的事，用 be going to 结构。 4.When she ________ (arrive) at Tiangong Space Station, she ________ (do) some plant experiments. 【答案】arrives; will do 【详解】句意：当她到达天宫空间站时，她将做一些植物实验。 考查主将从现。when 引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语是第三人单数she，故填 arrives；主句用一般将来时 will do。 5.I hope I ________ (visit) the moon one day. 【答案】will visit 【详解】句意：我希望有朝一日我能参观月球。 one day 表示 “有朝一日”，表达对未来的愿望与预测，使用 will do 结构。 6.They ________ (not do) space‑walks tomorrow. They will do scientific experiments instead. 【答案】won’t do 【详解】句意：他们明天不会太空行走，取而代之他们将做科学实验。 tomorrow 为将来时间，will 的否定形式为 won’t do，表示将来不会做某事。 7.—What ________ you ________ (do) this Sunday afternoon? —I am going to watch a show about space robots. 【答案】are; going to do 【详解】句意：—— 这周日下午你打算做什么？—— 我打算看一场太空机器人的展览。 根据答句 be going to，问句保持一致，询问计划安排，用 be going to do。 8.If we study hard, our dream ________ (come) true some day. 【答案】will come 【详解】句意：如果我们努力学习，我们的梦想终有一天会实现。 本题考查主将从现，if 引导条件状语从句，从句一般现在时，主句用 will do 一般将来时。 9.My sister ________ (not be) an astronaut in the future. She wants to be a scientist. 【答案】won’t be 【详解】句意：我妹妹将来不会成为一名宇航员，她想当科学家。 in the future 表示将来，will 的否定形式 won’t 后接动词原形 be。 10.When we get to the moon, there ________（be）some special rocks for us to study. 【答案】are going to be/ there will be 【详解】句意：当我们到达月球时，将会有一些特殊的岩石供我们研究。 本题结合主将从现与 there be 将来时。when 引导时间状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；rocks 是复数，there will be 或 there are going to be 两者均可。 三、完成句子 1.They will launch a rocket tomorrow. (改为否定句） They ________ ________ a rocket tomorrow. 【答案】 won’t launch 【详解】句意：他们明天将发射一枚火箭。原句是一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”，改为否定句时，需要在助动词will后加not，will not的缩写为won’t，后面的动词用原形，所以依次填写won’t和launch。 2.He is going to fly to the moon next year. (改为一般疑问句) ________ he ________ ________ fly to the moon next year? 【答案】 Is going to 【详解】句意：他明年打算飞往月球。含有be going to的陈述句变一般疑问句，将be动词is提至句首，句首首字母大写，后面保留going to结构。应填Is；going；to。 3.We will conduct scientific experiments in the space station. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ you conduct scientific experiments? 【答案】 Where will 【详解】句意：我们将在空间站进行科学实验。划线部分是in the space station，对地点提问用where，一般将来时加will。句首首字母大写。故填Where will。 4.I will be an astronaut in the future. (改为同义句) I ________ ________ ________ be an astronaut in the future. 【答案】 am going to 【详解】句意：我将来会成为一名宇航员。原句中表将来的结构“will + 动词原形”可以用同义结构“be going to + 动词原形”替换；主语是I，对应的be动词用am，因此填入的三个词依次为am、going、to。 5.Will people move to other planets in the future? （作否定回答） ________, _________ ________. 【答案】 No they won’t 【详解】句意：未来人们会搬到其他星球吗？原句是由Will引导的一般疑问句，询问将来的情况，否定回答标准结构为“No, 主语 + won’t (will not)”。主语是people，作答时用人称代词they指代，否定回答是No, they won’t。 一、语法选择 Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines to look at the sky. This is very different from the situation 1 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 2 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 3 the first astronauts were not people—they were animals. Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 4 as possible for humans. So, they decided to experiment with animals and test them in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals that first went into space. Many of them 5 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 6 forget these animals. Albert II was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly, he died 7 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 8 , the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to earth in very good health. Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 9 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham was sent into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for another 16 years. Scientists believe animals 10 humans know more about space in the future. 1．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 2．A．explore B．to explore C．explored D．exploring 3．A．as B．or C．but D．so 4．A．safe B．safer C．safest D．the safest 5．A．die B．died C．dying D．will die 6．A．shouldn’t B．may not C．don’t have to D．needn’t 7．A．if B．because C．after D．since 8．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckier D．Luckily 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．will help B．helps C．help D．helped 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了人类探索太空的开端，介绍了科学家利用各类动物开展太空实验、为人类太空旅行保驾护航的故事，并列举了两只猴子的太空实验经历。 【详解】 1．句意：这与几千年前人们只能用肉眼观测天空的情况大不相同。 表示“数千的、成千上万的”固定搭配为thousands of，为固定用法，thousand、thousands、thousand of 均为错误形式，不符合语法规则。 2．句意：或许他们曾梦想探索宇宙。 固定搭配dream of doing sth.表示“梦想做某事”，of为介词，后接动名词形式，explore、to explore、explored 均不符合搭配规则。 3．句意：这个故事发生在不久前，但第一批宇航员并不是人类，而是动物。 前句说明太空探索起源不久，后句说明首批太空旅行者是动物，前后语义转折，but表示转折关系，as表原因或方式，or表选择，so表结果，均不符。 4．句意：科学家希望让人类的太空旅行尽可能安全。 固定结构as+形容词原级+as possible表示“尽可能……”，此处需用形容词原级safe，safer比较级、safest最高级均不符合结构。 5．句意：它们中的许多动物死去了，但它们助力人类的太空旅行变得更安全。 文段讲述过去的太空实验故事，整体时态为一般过去时，die的过去式为died，die原形、dying现在分词、will die将来时均不符合时态。 6．句意：鉴于它们的巨大贡献，我们不应该忘记这些动物。 前文讲述动物为人类太空探索做出牺牲和贡献，此处表达我们不该忘记它们，shouldn’t表示“不应该”，may not可能不、don’t have to不必、needn’t无需，均不符语境。 7．句意：遗憾的是，阿尔伯特二世在太空舱返回地球后死亡。 结合语境，此处表示时间先后，指飞船返回之后猴子离世，after表示“在……之后”，if如果、because因为、since自从，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：幸运的是，猴子哈姆的结局截然不同。 此处需用副词修饰整个句子，表示“幸运地”，luckily为副词，luck名词、lucky形容词、luckier比较级，均不符合词性要求。 9．句意：科学家想知道一个重要问题：像哈姆这样的动物能否在太空中做出和在地球上一样的行为。 空后animal是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，需用不定冠词an修饰，a用于辅音音素开头单词，the表特指，均不符合用法。 10．句意：科学家相信未来动物将会帮助人类更多地了解太空。 in the future是一般将来时的时间标志；believe后接宾语从句，对未来进行预测，使用 will + 动词原形结构，故填 will help。 二、语法填空 “Boys and girls, let’s welcome Stella Vega, a great astronaut (宇航员)!” Mr Smith says. Ms Vega walks onto the stage and says, “Hello, everyone! It’s great 1 (meet) you here.” Ms Vega starts sharing 2 (she) story with the students. The class listens 3 (quiet). “In space, everything floats(漂浮). As 4 (冠词) result eating, sleeping and washing your face are adventures,” Ms Vega says. “One of my favourite 5 (thing) is looking out of the window. The Earth looks like a beautiful blue water ball.” Ms Vega tells the students a lot. Finally, she says, “ 6 (be) an astronaut isn’t easy. It’s full of challenges. If you want to go to space, you have to work hard 7 (连词) never give up. The stars are 8 (wait) for you!” The students feel excited when they hear this. After class, Mr. Smith asks his students what they think about the talk. Linda, a sweet girl, says, “What an interesting talk! It makes me 9 (love) space. I 10 (explore) space in the future (未来)!” 【答案】 1．to meet 2．her 3．quietly 4．a 5．things 6．Being/To be 7．and 8．waiting    9．love 10．will explore/am going to explore 【导语】宇航员斯特拉・维加走进校园开展分享会，讲述奇特的太空日常，畅谈航天员职业的艰辛，鼓励同学们奋力追梦，同学们听完讲座心生向往。 【详解】 1． 句意：很高兴在这里见到大家。“It’s great … (meet) you here”，根据固定句型It’s great to do sth.，此处填写动词不定式to meet。 2． 句意：维加女士开始给学生们分享她的故事。根据“…sharing … (she) story”可知空格修饰名词story，需用形容词性物主代词，she转换为her符合语境。 3． 句意：全班同学安静地聆听。根据“The class listen … (quiet)”可知，空格修饰实义动词listen，要用副词形式，quiet变为quietly符合语境。 4．句意：因此吃饭、睡觉、洗脸都成了有趣的经历。根据“As…result…”可知，此处用固定搭配，as a result“结果是……”符合语境，此处填不定冠词a。 5．  句意：我最喜欢的事情之一就是望向窗外。根据“One of my favourite …(thing)”可知，one of后必须接可数名词复数，thing变为复数things符合语境。 6．句意：成为一名宇航员并不容易。 根据“… (be) an astronaut isn’t easy” ，单词在句首充当主语，动名词或动词不定式可作主语，be变形为Being或To be符合语境。 7． 句意：你必须刻苦努力，并且永不言弃。 根据“…work hard … never give up…”可知连接两个并列的动作短语，并列连词and符合语境。 8．  句意：星辰正在等候着你们。根据“The stars are … (wait) for you,” 可知，be动词搭配现在分词，构成现在进行时态，waiting符合语境。 9．句意：这场讲座让我爱上太空。“It makes me … (love) space.” 可知，遵循make sb. do sth.用法，后面使用动词原形love。 10． 句意：未来我将要探索太空。根据“I … (explore) space in the future”可知，in the future表示将来时间，采用一般将来时结构，用will explore或者am going to explore。 三、任务型阅读 Astronauts have already visited the Moon and lived on space stations. They’ve never been to another planet, but they might visit Mars soon. The astronauts will spend about six months traveling to the planet, then about two years on the planet and about six months traveling back to the Earth. They will be away from the Earth for about three years, so they’ll need a lot of food! It’s very expensive to take food into space. It costs about 120,000 dollars to carry something that weighs one kilogram. So an apple on Mars could cost 20,000 dollars! Of course, they will need to take quite a lot of food with them to feed the astronauts for three years. This amount of fresh food can not stay fresh, and is very expensive to take, so they need to find food that is not very heavy. At the moment, astronauts in space stations eat dried food. It’s very light, so it doesn’t cost a lot of money to carry it into space. But astronauts stay healthier and happier if they eat fresh food. In the future, astronauts on Mars may grow vegetables like lettuce, spinach and carrots. Astronauts on Mars will probably have special machines. They will use these machines to change beans into foods that taste like meat or cheese. They probably won’t eat real meat or cheese because it won’t be possible to keep animals in space. 1．Which part of the space have the astronauts visited according to this passage? ___________________________________________________________________ 2．How long will it take the astronauts to get to Mars? ___________________________________________________________________ 3．Why do the astronauts take light food to space stations? ___________________________________________________________________ 4．Astronauts can’t grow vegetables like lettuce in space now, can they? ___________________________________________________________________ 5．How can astronauts change beans into foods that taste like meat or cheese? ___________________________________________________________________ 6．What do you think of astronauts’ life on Mars? Why? ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Astronauts have already visited the Moon./The Moon. 2．It will take about six months to get to Mars./About six months. 3．Because it’s very light, so it doesn’t cost a lot of money to carry it into space./Because it’s very light, so it’s cheaper. 4．No, they can’t./No. 5．By using special machines. 6．I think their life is wonderful because they have the chance to explore the unknown world of Mars. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员在火星上的生活情况。 【详解】 1．根据“Astronauts have already visited the Moon...”可知，宇航员已经访问过月球。故填Astronauts have already visited the Moon./The Moon. 2．根据“They’ve never been to another planet, but they might visit Mars soon. The astronauts will spend about six months traveling to the planet,...”可知，他们从未去过另一个星球，然而他们可能很快就会访问火星，宇航员会花费大约六个月的时间前往那个星球，即宇航员将花费大约六个月到达火星。故填It will take about six months to get to Mars./About six months. 3．根据“At the moment, astronauts in space stations eat dried food. It’s very light, so it doesn’t cost a lot of money to carry it into space.”可知，目前，太空站的宇航员吃干的食物，它很轻，所以把它带到太空不需要花很多钱。故填Because it’s very light, so it doesn’t cost a lot of money to carry it into space./Because it’s very light, so it’s cheaper. 4．根据“In the future, astronauts on Mars may grow vegetables like lettuce, spinach and carrots.”可知，未来，火星上的宇航员可能会种植生菜、菠菜和胡萝卜等蔬菜，即是的，现在宇航员不能在太空中种植像生菜这样的蔬菜。故填No, they can’t./No. 5．根据“Astronauts on Mars will probably have special machines. They will use these machines to change beans into foods that taste like meat or cheese.”可知，火星上的宇航员可能会有特殊的机器，他们将使用这些机器将豆子变成味道像肉或奶酪的食物。故填By using special machines. 6．根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了宇航员在火星上的生活情况，此处为开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。故参考答案为I think their life is wonderful because they have the chance to explore the unknown world of Mars. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $