2026-2027学年人教版高二上学期英语第五次英语限时训练(1)

2028届高二上学期第五次英语限时训练 考试时间：40分钟 试卷满分：60分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分30） 第一节（共7小题，每小题2.5分，满分17.5） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Below is a brief description of the process involved in selecting the Nobel Prize laureates (获奖者) in physics. September——Nomination (提名) forms are sent out. The Nobel Committee sends out confidential forms to around 3,000 people-selected professors at universities around the world, Nobel Prize laureates in physics and chemistry, and members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, among others. February——Deadline for submission. The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. The Committee screens the nominations and selects the preliminary candidates. About 250-350 names are nominated as several nominators often submit the same name. March-May——Consultation with experts. The Nobel Committee sends the names of the preliminary (初步的) candidates to specially appointed experts for their assessment of the candidates’ work. Jun-August——Writing of the report. The Nobel Committee puts together the report with recommendations to be submitted to the Academy. The report is signed by all members of the Committee. September——Committee submits recommendations. The Nobel Committee submits its report with recommendations on the final candidates to the members of the Academy. The report is discussed at two meetings of the Physics Class of the Academy. October——Nobel Prize laureates are chosen. In early October, the Academy selects the Nobel Prize laureates in physics through a majority vote. The decision is final and without appeal. The names of the Nobel Laureates are then announced. December——Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize. The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma (证书), and a document confirming the prize amount. 1. When should nomination forms be sent back to the Nobel Committee in the following year? A. Later than March. B. Later than April. C. Earlier than February. D. Later than August. 2. Where does the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize? A. In Stockholm. B. In New York. C. In Canberra. D. In London. 3. The Nobel Prize is NOT made up of _________. A. A medal. B. A diploma. C. A document. D. A souvenir. B Recently, the topic “Chinese people can eat such a sweet melon but can’t do without this grandma” has topped the hot search list. The grandma is 94-year-old Wu Mingzhu, called the “queen of melons”, a melon-growing expert and academician. Among Wu Mingzhu’s classmates was Yuan Longping, who later became the “father of hybrid rice”. Wu Mingzhu was born in 1930 into a scholarly family in Wuhan city. After her graduation in 1953, she was assigned to work in Beijing. But Wu had already set her eyes on her long-awaited goal. “What I studied was the science of fruit and vegetables. I wanted to work in the fields not in an office,” said Wu. In 1955, Wu voluntarily went to work in Shanshan County, Turpan Basin, where working conditions were quite hard. She found that the Hami melon, a rare specialty fruit which was once common in the area, was in danger of becoming extinct if not properly cultivated (种植). Wu spent years visiting over 300 production teams, picking out 44 melon varieties. She overcame a variety of difficulties to produce particularly delicious melons in a scientific way, winning over the local farmers accustomed (习惯的) to folk cultivation methods. Then the promotion area covered most of Xinjiang’s main commodity areas, and a group of melon-rich villages appeared. Over more than 60 years, Wu Mingzhu and her team have cultivated more than 30 varieties, brought the sweetness of melons to people, and promoted the melon series with Chinese characteristics and a complete breeding innovation system to the world. When first hearing her nickname of “a pearl in the Turpan Basin”, Wu said, “In Xinjiang, there are thousands of science and technology workers like me. They have worked hard for decades on the frontline of agriculture. I’m just one of the ordinary ones.” 4. Why does the author mention Yuan Longping in the first paragraph? A. To tell us Wu’s partner and social circle. B. To let us get a further understanding of Wu. C. To make a comparison between Wu and Yuan. D. To prove Wu’s success resulting from Yuan’s help. 5. Why did Wu dislike the job in Beijing? A. She was attracted by Xinjiang’s fruit. B. She preferred to research in the fields. C. She wanted to go back to her hometown. D. She thought Beijing unsuitable for agriculture. 6. How did Wu persuade the locals to adopt her way of producing melons? A. By expanding the planting area. B. By sharing expert knowledge with them. C. By providing enough financial assistance. D. By developing high-quality melons scientifically. 7. Which of the following best describes Wu? A. Promising. B. Confident . C. Devoted. D. Patient. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Technology has revolutionized classrooms, offering tools that enhance both teaching and learning. AI-assisted tools create customized teaching plan easily and save preparation time. 8 For instance, virtual reality (VR) allows students to explore historical sites or dive into the human bloodstream, making abstract concepts tangible. Traditional textbooks are rapidly becoming outdated relics of the past. Online platforms like Khan Academy have emerged as game-changers. These platforms offer a range of free courses, spanning various subjects from mathematics to history, thus enabling children in remote areas or those from poor families to access quality education. 9 Technology also promotes global collaboration. Tools like Google Classroom revolutionize how students interact and work together. 10 This fosters teamwork and prepares them for modern workplaces where global cooperation is the standard. 11 Many educators are far from skilled in technology. Teachers, especially those who have been in the profession for a long time, may find it difficult to adapt to new technology. They need comprehensive training to integrate tools like AI-driven analytics effectively. Without proper guidance, technology may become a distraction rather than an aid in classroom Besides, it’s crucial to address ethical (伦理的) issues early. 12 It helps them navigate online information safely and promote network behavior norms. Still, making it clear for them to balance screen time with offline activities is equally vital. A. However, as with any advancement, challenges exist. B. This popularization of knowledge bridges educational gaps. C. Schools are responsible to teach digital citizenship to students. D. Student-centered apps are developed for entertainment purposes. E. Over-reliance on devices may harm creativity and critical thinking. F. Interactive applications make learning more engaging and absorbing. G. They co-work on projects in real time, breaking down geographical barriers. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。  Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good 13 . He makes full use of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore 14 to accept authority (权威) 15 the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 16 and makes experiments to prove them. The 17 of modern science may perhaps be considered to 18 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 19 that we should learn science by observing and 20 on the things around us, and he himself 21 many important truths. Galileo (1564—1642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, who began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 22 towards the earth than small ones, 23 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 24 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo’s 25 of going direct to nature, and proving our opinions and theories by experiment, that has 26 all the discoveries of modern science. What makes those people good scientists? From the 27 of Galileo, we know clearly that successful scientists are those whose observations have produced better results. 13. A. farmer B. observer C. worker D. student 14. A. refuses B. desires C. intends D. regrets 15. A. to B. as C. with D. for 16. A. casually B. quickly C. carefully D. privately 17. A. adventure B. challenge C. influence D. rise 18. A. date B. keep C. look D. come 19. A. command B. suspect C. suggest D. conclude 20. A. casting B. pouring C. experimenting D. digesting 21. A. brought B. announced C. handled D. discovered 22. A. slowly B. rapidly C. lightly D. heavily 23. A. although B. because C. when D. if 24. A. big B. small C. similar D. unequal 25. A. spirit B. skill C. theory D. wish 26. A. put forward B. turned to C. set up D. led to 27. A. vision B. finding C. shadow D. instance 第二节（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 28. The lead scientist is 　　　　　 charge of overseeing the entire research project. 29. The subway is 　　　　　 people call the underground in London.  30. The lawyer presented many a 　　　　　 (prove) to prove that he was innocent.  31. 　　　　　 (patriotic), the soldier dedicated his life to serving his country. 32. There are several ________________ (fault) theories that need to be corrected in a timely manner.  33. Due to the introversion (内向), some students may ________________ (shy) talk with others. 34. The network administrator is ________________ (blame) for the system downtime. 35. The president declared his determination to take strong action in _____________ (defend) of public safety. 36. The problem will not be difficult to solve if properly _____________ (handle). 37. His father subscribed ________________ a newspaper for a year in the post office. 38. Ashamed of what he had done, he had his head _____________ (lower) with his face burning red. 39. On arriving at the park, ________________ attracted me most at first sight was the breathtaking natural landscapes. 40. You are expected to attend the presentation showing the history of our school, from ________________ you can learn more about our school and the promising plans in the future. 41. I highly suggested that we should take ________________ (efficiency) measures to protect the environment. 42. You could almost think about your future self as a relationship that should ________________ (pay) great efforts to develop. 参考答案： 1-3：C A D 4-7：B B D C 8-12：F B G A C 13-27：B A B C D A C C D B B D A D D 28. in 29. what 30. proof 31. patriotically 32. faulty 33. shyly 34. to blame 35. defence/defense 36. handled 37. to 38. lowered 39. what 40. which 41. efficient 42. be paid 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍对诺贝尔物理学奖获得者评选过程的简要描述。 1．细节理解题。根据February-Deadline for submission.部分“The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. (填写好的提名表格必须在次年1月31日之前送达诺贝尔委员会。)”可知，填写好的提名表格必须在次年1月31日之前送达诺贝尔委员会，即早于二月送达诺贝尔委员会。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.部分“The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼将于12月10日在斯德哥尔摩举行，诺贝尔奖获得者将在那里领取诺贝尔奖)”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者在斯德哥尔摩领取诺贝尔奖。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.部分“the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma(证书), and a document confirming the prize amount. (诺贝尔奖获得者将获得他们的诺贝尔奖，其中包括一枚诺贝尔奖奖章和证书，以及一份确认奖金金额的文件。)”可知，诺贝尔奖包括一枚诺贝尔奖奖章和证书，以及一份确认奖金金额的文件，没有纪念品。故选D。 【答案】4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了“西瓜女王”吴明珠潜心研究甜瓜60几年，帮助我国实现吃瓜自由。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The grandma is 94-year-old Wu Mingzhu, called the “queen of melons”, a melon-growing expert and academician. Among Wu Mingzhu’s classmates was Yuan Longping, who later became the “father of hybrid rice”.(这位奶奶是94岁的吴明珠，她被称为‘中国西瓜女王’，是一位西瓜种植专家和院士。吴明珠的同学中有后来成为‘杂交水稻之父’的袁隆平。)”可知，本段是为了介绍吴明珠的信息，提到吴明珠的同学中有人们所熟知的‘杂交水稻之父’的袁隆平是为了让我们进一步了解吴明珠，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Wu had already set her eyes on her long-awaited goal. “What I studied was the science of fruit and vegetables. I wanted to work in the fields not in an office,” said Wu.(但是吴已经将她的目光投向她期待已久的目标。吴说:‘我研究的是水果和蔬菜的科学。我想在田间工作，而不是在办公室里。’)”可知，吴拒绝在北京的工作是因为她有着期待已久的目标，比起在办公室里工作，她更喜欢在田间工作，故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“She overcame a variety of difficulties to produce particularly delicious melons in a scientific way, winning over the local farmers accustomed (习惯的) to folk cultivation methods. Then the promotion area covered most of Xinjiang's main commodity areas, and a group of melon-rich villages appeared.(她克服了各种挫折，以科学的方式生产出特别美味的西瓜，赢得了当地习惯民间种植方法的农民的支持。随后，推广区覆盖了新疆80%的主要商品区，出现了一批盛产瓜的村庄。)”可知，吴明珠通过以科学的方式产出优质瓜来说服新疆当地人放弃旧的种植方法。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“From more than 60 years, Wu Mingzhu and her team has cultivated more than 30 varieties, brought the sweetness of melons to people, and promoted the melon series with Chinese characteristics and a complete breeding innovation system to the world. (60多年来，吴明珠培育了30多个品种，把甜瓜的甘甜奉献给人民，把具有中国特色的甜瓜系列和完整的育种创新体系推向世界。)”可知，60多年来吴明珠致力于培育优质瓜种，故可推知她是一个全心全意奉献于自己的事业的人。故选C。 【答案】8．F 9．B 10．G 11．A 12．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述科技革新课堂，AI、VR等工具提升教与学效果，促进教育公平与全球协作，但也面临技术适应和伦理等挑战。 8．由上文“AI-assisted tools create customized teaching plans easily and save preparation time.(人工智能辅助工具可轻松创建定制化教学计划并节省备课时间。)”及下文“For instance, virtual reality (VR) allows students to explore historical sites or dive into the human bloodstream, making abstract concepts tangible.(例如，虚拟现实（VR）允许学生探索历史遗址或深入人体血流中，使抽象概念具体化。)”可知，此处需衔接技术工具对学习体验的提升。F项Interactive applications make learning more engaging and absorbing.(交互式应用程序使学习更具吸引力和沉浸感。) 中engaging and absorbing对应VR案例中“抽象概念具体化” 的效果，interactive applications概括AI工具、VR等技术形式，承上启下。故选F项。 9．由上文“Online platforms like Khan Academy have emerged as game-changers. These platforms offer a range of free courses, spanning various subjects from mathematics to history, thus enabling children in remote areas or those from poor families to access quality education.(像可汗学院这样的在线平台已经成为游戏规则的改变者。这些平台提供一系列免费课程，涵盖从数学到历史的各种科目，从而使偏远地区或贫困家庭的儿童能够获得优质教育。)”可知，此处强调教育平台对教育公平的作用。B项This popularization of knowledge bridges educational gaps.(这种知识的普及缩小了教育差距。) 中this popularization of knowledge指代前文“免费课程普及”，bridges educational gaps直接说明对偏远地区和贫困家庭孩子的积极影响，呼应access quality education。故选B项。 10．由上文“Tools like Google Classroom revolutionize how students interact and work together.(像 Google Classroom 这样的工具彻底改变了学生互动和合作的方式。)”可知，此处需具体说明技术如何促进协作。G项They co-work on projects in real time, breaking down geographical barriers.(他们实时协作完成项目，打破地理障碍。)中They指代前文提到的学生，real time co-work和breaking down geographical barriers具体阐释revolutionize how students interact and work together，与段落主题“全球协作”一致。故选G项。 11．由下文“Many educators are far from skilled in technology. Teachers, especially those who have been in the profession for a long time, may find it difficult to adapt to new technology.(许多教育工作者在技术方面远非熟练。教师，尤其是那些从事该行业很长时间的教师，可能会发现很难适应新技术。)”可知，此处开始讨论技术带来的挑战。A项However, as with any advancement, challenges exist.(然而，与任何进步一样，挑战也存在。)通过However转折，引出后文“教师技术适应困难”的具体问题，标志段落从优势转向挑战的论述结构。故选A项。 12．由上文“Besides, it’s crucial to address ethical (伦理的) issues early.(此外，尽早解决伦理问题至关重要。)”及下文“It helps them navigate online information safely and promote network behavior norms.(它帮助他们安全地浏览在线信息，并推动网络行为规范。)”可知，此处需明确解决伦理问题的主体和方式。C项Schools are responsible to teach digital citizenship to students.(学校有责任向学生传授数字公民素养。)中digital citizenship涵盖伦理规范教育，schools are responsible对应crucial to address，teach衔接后文“帮助浏览信息、推动行为规范”的具体作用。故选C项。 【答案】 13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．D 27．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述好的科学家应该具备的科学的观察和实验精神。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个成功的科学家通常是一个好的观察者。 A. farmer农民；B. observer观察者；C. worker工人；D. student学生。根据后句“He makes full use of the facts he observes”可知，一个好的科学家应该是一个好的观察者。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不接受那些并不是基于显而易见的事实的想法，因此拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一原因。A. refuses拒绝；B. desires渴望；C. intends打算；D. regrets后悔。根据前句“He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts”可知，好的科学家看重事实，因此会拒绝以权威为真理的唯一解释。故选A项。 15．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他不接受那些并不是基于显而易见的事实的想法，因此拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一原因。A. to到，向；B. as作为；C. with和；D. for为了。根据前句根据前句“He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts”可知，好的科学家看重事实，因此会拒绝以权威为真理的唯一解释。此处考查介词as以为“作为”是的用法。故选B项。 16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他总是仔细检查想法，并做实验来证明它们。 A. casually随意地；B. quickly快速地；C. carefully仔细地；D. privately私下地。根据上文“He doesn’t accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts, and therefore ____14____ to accept authority (权威) ____15____ the only reason for truth”可知，好的科学家以事实为依据，不盲从权威，可以推断出好的科学家一定会仔细检查验证自己的想法。故选C项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代科学的兴起也许可以追溯到罗杰·培根的时代。罗杰·培根是牛津杰出的哲学家，他生活在1214年至1292年之间。A. adventure冒险；B. challenge挑战；C. influence影响；D. rise出现，上升。根据后文“He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to ____19____ that we should learn science by observing and ____20____ on the things around us, and he himself ____21____ many important truths.”可知，培根是中世纪第一个提出实验科学概念的人，也可以称得上是现代科学的兴起代表。故选D项。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代科学的兴起也许可以追溯到罗杰·培根的时代。罗杰·培根是牛津杰出的哲学家，他生活在1214年至1292年之间。A. date确定年代；B. keep保持；C. look看；D. come来。根据上文“the Middle Ages”可知，此处考查动词短语date back（追溯到）。故选A项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们应该通过观察和实验来学习科学的人，他自己也发现了许多重要的真理。A. command命令；B. suspect怀疑；C. suggest建议；D. conclude总结。根据上文“we should learn science by observing”可知，培根是在黑暗的中世纪第一个建议应该用观察和实验法研究科学的第一人。故选C项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们应该通过观察和实验来学习科学的人，他自己也发现了许多重要的真理。A. casting投掷；B. pouring倾倒；C. experimenting实验；D. digesting消化。根据第一段“He always checks ideas ____16____ and makes experiments to prove them.”可知，培根建议应该通过观察和实验来研究科学。故选C项。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们应该通过观察和实验来学习科学的人，他自己也发现了许多重要的真理。A. brought带来；B. announced宣布；C. handled处理；D. discovered发现。根据前句“He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to ____19____that we should learn science by observing and ____20____on the things around us”可知，培根用了科学的方法来研究科学，自己也发现了很多真理。故选D项。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在伽利略之前，学者们相信大的物体比小的物体落向地球的速度快，因为亚里士多德是这么说的。A. slowly慢地；B. rapidly快速地；C. lightly轻地；D. heavily重重地。根据本句“___23___ Aristotle said so”以及联系史实，可知亚里士多德曾经认为重的物体比轻地物体下降速度快。故选B项。 23．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在伽利略之前，学者们相信大的物体比小的物体落向地球的速度快，因为亚里士多德是这么说的。A. although尽管；B. because因为；C. when当……时；D. if如果。根据上文“men believed that large bodies fell more ___22___ towards the earth than small ones”可知，大家都这么相信是因为这是亚里士多德说的。故选B项。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，伽利略登上比萨斜塔的顶端，让两块大石头落地，证明了亚里士多德是错误的。A. big大的；B. small小的；C. similar相似的；D. unequal不同的。根据上文“large bodies fell more ____22____ towards the earth than small ones”可知，伽利略的比萨斜塔实验是把两个质量不同的石头同时从塔顶丢下。故选D项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是伽利略那种直接走向自然，用实验来证明我们的观点和理论的精神，导致了现代科学的所有发现。A. spirit精神；B. skill技巧；C. theory理论；D. wish愿望。根据上文“But Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two ____24____ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong”可知，此处意指伽利略的科学实验精神引领了现代科学发展的方向。故选A项。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是伽利略那种直接走向自然，用实验来证明我们的观点和理论的精神，导致了现代科学的所有发现。A. put forward提出；B. turned to转向；C. set up建立；D. led to导致。根据上文“proving our opinions and theories by experiment”可知，伽利略的科学实验精神指导了科学家们进行不断的观察和实验，才有了现代科学的众多发现。故选D项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从伽利略的例子中，我们清楚地知道，成功的科学家正是那些通过观察产生较好的结果的科学家。A. vision幻想，想象；B. finding发现；C. shadow影子；D. instance例子。上文通过伽利略的例子，向我们表明了科学的观察和实验精神引领了现代科学的发展方向。故选D项。 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $