考前押题06 完形填空常考话题（期中专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考前押题06 完形填空常考话题（新教材沪教版五四学制） 八年级上册常考话题 期中考进阶练 学校 班级 姓名 学号 话题1：水与水资源 话题2 ：数字生活（常考点） 话题3 : 求知探索（难点） 话题1：水与水资源 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海·期中） Our science teacher, Mr. Chen, often tells us that water is 1 most important resource on Earth. Last month, he informed our whole class 2 the serious water shortages faced by people in some dry areas. The news made everyone think deeply. He then encouraged us 3 a hands-on water-saving project in our school. My friend Lucy and I decided to start by checking all the taps. After a long search, we finally found a tap leaking quietly in a corner of the art room. 4 we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen, he praised us for our carefulness. However, he also reminded us, “We won’t be able to fix this problem 5 the repairman arrives tomorrow with his special tools.” 6 this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me and now understand the importance of every single drop much better than before. 1. A．the B.an C.a D./ 2. A．for B.with C.of D.to 3. A．start B.starting C.started D.to start 4. A．If B.Until C.When D.Although 5. A．when B.until C.after D.as 6. A．Before B.Behind C.After D.Beside 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 【导语】本文讲述科学老师陈先生教导学生水的重要性，并鼓励学生开展节水项目，学生通过实践加深了对水资源保护的理解。 【详解】 1. 句意：我们的科学老师陈老师经常告诉我们水是地球上最重要的资源。 the这个/那个，定冠词；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；/不填。根据“most important resource on Earth”可知，此处是“水是地球上最重要的资源”，最高级前用定冠词the修饰，故选A。 2. 句意：上个月，他告知了我们全班一些干旱地区的人们所面临的严重缺水问题。 for为了；with和；of……的；to到。根据“he informed our whole class”可知，此处是“告知了我们全班”，inform sb of sth“告知某人某事”，故选C。 3. 句意：然后，他鼓励我们在学校开展一个动手节水项目。 start开始，动词原形；starting开始，现在分词；started开始，过去式；to start开始，动词不定式。根据“He then encouraged us”可知，此处是“鼓励我们做某事”，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。 4. 句意：当我们向陈老师报告我们的发现时，他称赞我们细心。 If如果；Until直到；When当……时候；Although虽然。根据“we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen”可知，此处是“当我们向陈老师报告我们的发现时”，when引导时间状语从句，故选C。 5. 句意：要等修理工明天带着他的专用工具过来，我们才能解决这个问题。 when当……时候；until直到；after在……之后；as当……时候。根据“We won’t be able to fix this problem”可知，此处是“要等修理工明天带着他的专用工具过来，我们才能解决这个问题”，not...until...“直到……才……”，故选B。 6. 句意：经过这次有意义的经历后，我开始更加关注身边的水，现在比以前更懂得每一滴水的重要性。 Before在……之前；Behind在……后面；After在……之后；Beside在……旁边。根据“this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me”可知，此处是“经过这次有意义的经历后，我开始更加关注身边的水”，after“在……之后”符合，故选C。 Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海宝山·期中） Water is essential for life, but many countries are facing severe water shortages. Governments and citizens must work together to 1 this precious resource. Different nations have adopted unique strategies to conserve water. In Israel, a country with limited natural water, about 90% of wastewater is 2 and reused for agriculture (农业). Australians, who experienced a terrible drought, now use rainwater tanks to collect and store water for daily needs. Meanwhile, Singapore has built advanced (先进的) technology to turn seawater into drinkable water, reducing 3 on imported (进口的) water. Even small habits can make a big difference. For example, turning off the tap while brushing teeth can save up to 6 liters of water per minute. Fixing leaky pipes promptly prevents water waste. Some cities, like Tokyo, have reduced water loss by upgrading old pipes and promoting water-saving appliances. However, in some regions, water is still wasted due to carelessness or outdated infrastructure (基础设施). Education plays a key role in changing people’s 4 towards water use. If everyone takes action, we can ensure that future generations will have 5 water to survive. Saving water isn’t just a national issue — it’s a global responsibility. Every drop counts, and every effort 6 ! 1. A．waste B.protect C.ignore D.pollute 2. A．discharged B.cleaned C.buried D.forgotten 3. A．pressure B.pleasure C.progress D.pride 4. A．speed B.colour C.taste D.attitude 5. A．dirty B.salty C.enough D.cold 6. A．fails B.matters C.disappears D.confuses 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 【导语】本文主要讲述了水资源的重要性及全球短缺现状，介绍了各国独特的节水策略，呼吁政府与公民共同行动，保护水资源以确保未来生存。 【详解】 1. 句意：政府和公民必须共同努力保护这一宝贵资源。 前文提到“many countries are facing severe water shortages”，因此政府和公民应共同努力“保护”水资源，填protect。waste“浪费”；ignore“忽视”；pollute“污染”，均与语境相反。 2. 句意：在以色列这个自然水资源有限的国家，约90%的废水被净化并重新用于农业。 根据“reused”可知废水需处理清洁才能复用，填cleaned。discharged“排放”；buried“掩埋”；forgotten“遗忘”，均不符合“reused for agriculture”的逻辑。 3. 句意：与此同时，新加坡建立了先进技术将海水转化为饮用水，减少了对进口水的依赖压力。 根据“turn seawater into drinkable water”可知自产水减少进口压力，reduce pressure on意为“减轻对……的压力”。pleasure“乐趣”；progress“进步”；pride“骄傲”，均不符合语境。 4. 句意：教育在改变人们用水态度方面起关键作用。 change one’s attitude towards 意为“改变某人对……的态度”，符合“教育改变人们用水观念”的语境。speed“速度”；colour“颜色”；taste“味道”，均不符合。 5. 句意：如果每个人都采取行动，我们就能确保子孙后代有足够的水生存。 全文讨论的是水资源短缺问题，因此目标是让后代有“足够的”水，填enough。dirty“脏的”；salty“咸的”；cold“冷的”，均不符合“生存”这一语境。 6. 句意：每一滴都重要，每一份努力都至关重要！ matters作动词意为“要紧、重要”，与前半句“Every drop counts”（每一滴水都重要）形成并列呼应。fails“失败”；disappears“消失”；confuses“困惑”，均不符合句意。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Water is the source of life. Without water, nothing can live. But today, many people do not realize how 1 water is. They waste it every day. In many cities, people use too much water. They keep the tap 2 when they brush their teeth or wash their faces. They take long showers. They water their gardens even when it rains. Farmers also use a lot of water. They need water to grow crops. But sometimes they use too much water, and the soil becomes 3 . Factories use water too. Some factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. This 4 the water and kills the fish and plants. We must do something to save water. First, we should 5 the amount of water we use at home. Second, we should stop factories from polluting water. Third, we should tell others about the importance of saving water. If every person saves a little water every day, together we can make a big 6 . Remember, water is precious. Let’s save it for our future. 1. A．important B.interesting C.difficult D.different 2. A．open B.closed C.running D.stopped 3. A．wet B.dry C.rich D.poor 4. A．cleans B.pollutes C.drinks D.boils 5. A．reduce B.increase C.forget D.remember 6. A．mistake B.mess C.decision D.difference 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 【导语】本文阐述水的重要性及浪费、污染现状，分析城市、农业和工厂用水问题，呼吁大家节约用水，保护水资源，为未来着想。 【详解】 1. 句意：但是今天，许多人没有意识到水是多么“重要”。 根据上文“Water is the source of life.”可知，水是生命之源，说明水很重要。important“重要的”符合语境。interesting“有趣的”，difficult“困难的”，different“不同的”，均不符合语境。 2. 句意：他们刷牙或洗脸时让水龙头一直“开着”。 根据上文“people use too much water”及下文“when they brush their teeth”可知，描述的是浪费水的行为，让水龙头一直流水符合浪费的语境。running“流动的/开着的”符合语境。open“开着的”不用于描述水龙头流水；closed“关闭的”，stopped“停止的”，均与浪费水的语境相反。 3. 句意：但有时他们用了太多的水，土壤变得“干燥”。 根据上文“they use too much water”可知，过度用水会导致土壤缺水，从而变得干燥。dry“干燥的”符合语境。wet“潮湿的”，rich“富饶的”，poor“贫瘠的”，均不符合“缺水变干”的语义。 4. 句意：这“污染”了水，杀死了鱼和植物。 根据上文“Some factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes”可知，工厂把脏水倒入河流湖泊，这种行为会污染水体。pollutes“污染”符合语境。cleans“清洁”，drinks“喝”，boils“煮沸”，均与“倒入脏水”导致的结果不符。 5. 句意：首先，我们应该“减少”我们在家的用水量。 根据上文“We must do something to save water”可知，节约用水需要减少用水量。reduce“减少”符合语境。increase“增加”，forget“忘记”，remember“记住”，均不符合节约用水的目标。 6. 句意：如果每个人每天节省一点水，我们共同努力就能产生巨大的“影响”。 根据上文“every person saves a little water every day”可知，积少成多会产生影响。difference“影响/差异”符合语境。mistake“错误”，mess“混乱”，decision“决定”，均不符合固定搭配和语境语义。 Passage 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Water is the most important liquid in the world. People can live without food for a few weeks, but they can only live for a few days 1 water. Every part of our body needs water. Our blood is about 90% water. Our muscles and brains also have a lot of water. In some dry areas, getting water is a daily fight. Women and children often spend hours 2 water from faraway places. The water they get is not always clean. This is a serious problem. The United Nations says that more than 2 billion people around the world do not have access to safe drinking water. Climate change is making the problem 3 . Some places are getting less rain than before. The ground becomes dry and hard. Lakes and rivers are disappearing. At the same time, the world population is growing. More people need more water. This puts great 4 on our water resources. But there is still hope. Many organizations are working to bring clean water to communities. They build wells and teach people how to keep water clean. New technologies, like water purification tablets, help make dirty water drinkable. 5 small actions can help. When we save water at home, we are helping to solve a global problem. We must remember that water is a precious resource. We should not take it for granted. The future of our planet 6 on how we use and protect our water today. 1. A．with B.without C.have D.has 2. A．carry B.to carry C.carrying D.carried 3. A．good B.better C.bad D.worse 4. A．pressure B.fun C.water D.air 5. A．Even B.Also C.Too D.Either 6. A．depends B.puts C.turns D.keeps 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. A 【导语】本文主要讲述水的重要性，全球缺水现状及气候变化影响，介绍保护措施，呼吁人们珍惜和保护水资源。 【详解】 1. 句意：没有水，人们只能活几天。 根据前文“People can live without food for a few weeks”及转折连词but可知，此处表示“没有水”。without意为“没有”，符合语境。with意为“有”，have和has是实义动词“有”，均与句意相反且不符合介词短语作状语的语法结构。 2. 句意：妇女和儿童经常花几个小时从很远的地方运水。 根据固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.可知，此处应用动名词形式。carrying意为“搬运，运送”，符合语境。carry是动词原形，to carry是动词不定式，均不能用在spend time后作宾语。 3. 句意：气候变化正在使问题变得更糟。 根据后文“Some places are getting less rain than before. Lakes and rivers are disappearing.”可知，情况在恶化，问题变得更严重。worse意为“更糟的”，是bad的比较级，符合语境。good意为“好的”，better意为“更好的”，与恶化趋势相反；bad是原级，不能体现“make sth. + 比较级”的使动变化。 4. 句意：这给我们的水资源带来了巨大的压力。 根据前文“More people need more water”可知，人口增长导致水资源紧张。put pressure on是固定搭配，意为“给……施加压力”。pressure意为“压力”，符合语境。fun意为“乐趣”，water意为“水”，air意为“空气”，均不能表达人口增长对资源造成的负担。 5. 句意：即使微小的行动也能有所帮助。 根据上下文，前文讲大组织的努力，后文讲家庭节水，此处需要一个表示“即使”的词来强调小事的重要性。Even意为“即使”，修饰主语small actions，符合语境。Also意为“也”，Too意为“太”，Either意为“也（否定句）”，均不能表达让步强调的语气。 6. 句意：地球的未来取决于我们今天如何使用和保护水资源。 根据固定搭配depend on，意为“取决于，依赖”，及句意可知，未来的好坏依赖当下的行动。depends意为“取决于”，符合语境。puts意为“放置”，turns意为“转变”，keeps意为“保持”，均不能与on搭配表达“取决于”的含义。 Passage 5 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海嘉定·期中） The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 1 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 2 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 3 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 4 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 5 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 6 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 1. A．except B.including C.without D.about 2. A．dangerous B.boring C.surprising D.hard 3. A．result B.reason C.question D.answer 4. A．flowers B.viruses C.plants D.animals 5. A．ruin B.improve C.help D.protect 6. A．look for B.take away C.put on D.lead to 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了水循环在地球生态系统中的重要作用。 【详解】 1. 句意：它让水在天空、陆地和海洋之间流动，这对所有生物都是必要的 —— 包括植物、动物和人类。 except除了；including包括；without没有；about关于。根据“all living things”和“plants, animals and humans”可知，此处列举具体生物类型“包含”在所有生物中。故选B。 2. 句意：令人惊讶的是，这个过程不仅填满了河流和湖泊，还帮助植物更好地生长。 dangerous危险的；boring无聊的；surprising令人惊讶的；hard困难的。根据“this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better”可知，水循环同时实现“补水”和“助植物生长”两大作用，具有双重价值，这是令人惊讶的。故选C。 3. 句意：如果没有这样的过程，结果就是许多生物会失去它们的水源。 result结果；reason原因；question问题；answer答案。根据“If there were no such a process”和“many living things would lose their water source”可知，“没有水循环”是前提，“失去水源”是后续后果。故选A。 4. 句意：此外，水循环带来的清洁水还能防止一些有害病毒轻易传播。 flowers花；viruses病毒；plants植物；animals动物。根据“the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful”和“from spreading easily spreading”可知，清洁水能阻止“病毒”迅速传播。故选B。 5. 句意：污染会破坏它（水循环），危害自然和人类。 ruin破坏；improve改善；help帮助；protect保护。根据“We must protect the water cycle”和“harming nature and humans”可知，污染会“破坏”自然和人类。故选A。 6. 句意：没有它（水循环），庄稼长不好，这会导致粮食短缺。 look for寻找；take away拿走；put on穿上；lead to导致。根据“crops would not grow well”和“food shortages”可知，庄稼长不好，会“导致”食物短缺。故选D。 Passage 6 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海闵行·期中） An ocean of noise affects my life a lot I’m a little clown fish, and I like to live in coral reefs (珊瑚礁), but I don’t always stay here. When I was just a baby, I wandered in the open sea for months. It was a big, scary world out there. When I grew strong enough, I hurried home. I couldn’t see the reef. 1 , I depended on its small sound to guide me home. Unfortunately, the ocean isn’t as peaceful as it used to be. Humans, with their ships, speedboats, and surfing, have made it a noisy place. Their noises are often louder than the 2 ones, which makes it difficult for us to find our way back. I’m not the only one to suffer. Deep underwater, there is little light. Sounds, however, travel far. Many of my ocean friends rely on their ability of 3 to survive. Dolphins call each other by unique names and whales sing beautiful songs. But now, the noise is disturbing our lives. Therefore, they swim away from the noises. For example, whales try to 4 busy shipping routes. But in many places, human-made noise is everywhere. We’re forced to leave our homes and move to quieter areas, where we must compete with others for food and shelter. Over time, our populations shrink. Luckily, I have discovered humans are taking action and noise is a controllable problem. Many 5 , like wind-powered boats, have already existed. Scientists are calling for stricter rules. “We have noise standards (标准) for cars and trucks,” they say. “Why shouldn’t we have them for 6 ?” 1. A．In addition B.In brief C.Instead D.In return 2. A．common B.real C.sudden D.natural 3. A．singing B.hearing C.changing D.thinking 4. A．repeat B.avoid C.manage D.spread 5. A．awareness B.services C.solutions D.complaints 6. A．animals B.humans C.planes D.ships 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了海洋噪音影响生物生存，人类已采取措施应对。 【详解】 1. 句意：相反，我依靠它微弱的声音指引我回家。 In addition此外；In brief简而言之；Instead相反；In return作为回报。根据“I couldn’t see the reef.”可知，由于看不到，转而依靠声音。故选C。 2. 句意：它们的噪音通常比自然的更大，这让我们很难找到回去的路。 common常见的；real真实的；sudden突然的；natural自然的。根据“Humans, with their ships, speedboats, and surfing, have made it a noisy place.”可知，人类噪音比海洋自然的声音更大，突出人类噪音对海洋生物的影响。故选D。 3. 句意：我的许多海洋朋友依靠它们的听觉能力生存。 singing唱歌；hearing听觉；changing改变；thinking思考。根据“Dolphins call each other by unique names and whales sing beautiful songs.”可知，海洋生物依靠听觉能力生存。故选B。 4. 句意：例如，鲸鱼试图避开繁忙的航运路线。 repeat重复；avoid避开；manage管理；spread传播。根据“the noise is disturbing our lives”可知，鲸鱼会避开繁忙的航运路线，减少噪音影响。故选B。 5. 句意：许多解决办法，比如风力驱动的船，已经存在了。 awareness意识；services服务；solutions解决办法；complaints抱怨。根据“like wind-powered boats, have already existed”可知，举例说明应对海洋噪音问题的解决办法。故填C。 6. 句意：他们说：“我们有针对汽车和卡车的噪音标准，为什么我们不能针对船舶呢？” animals动物；humans人类；planes飞机；ships船。根据“We have noise standards (标准) for cars and trucks”可知，提到汽车、卡车有噪音标准，此处指出人类航海活动的船舶也应有噪音标准。故选D。 话题2：数字生活（常考点） Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Parenting is a challenging job, and it can be overwhelming (压倒性的) at times. However, with the rise of technology, parenting has become 1 . AI is changing the way parents raise their kids. AI is not just about robots taking over the world. It’s also about 2 parents to be better caregivers. With AI-powered tools and apps, parents can 3 their children’s behaviour on the internet or while handling tablets (平板电脑). 4 , some apps can also develop drawing and speaking skills in children. Choosing quality time over screen time with the help of these advanced tools ensures your child remains safe while enjoying the benefits of technology. AI can be helpful for parents by providing tailored (定制的) recommendations based on their child’s behaviour and development, as well as observing sleep patterns and tracking location, and offering real-time 5 . It saves time and aids in informed decision-making. Parental control apps help control what kids see online by using artificial intelligence (AI). These apps not only give advice on healthy screen time and 6 possible online dangers, but also help parents make decisions to keep their children safe. 1. A．harder B.easier C.busier D.more boring 2. A．encouraging B.preventing C.enabling D.stopping 3. A．start researching B.raise awareness of C.keep an eye on D.separate from 4. A．For example B.In conclusion C.As a result D.In addition 5. A．supply B.support C.treatment D.chips 6. A．detect B.warn C.hide D.send 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 【导语】本文主要讨论了人工智能（AI）在育儿中的应用，包括如何帮助父母更好地照顾孩子、监控孩子的行为、提供定制化的建议以及确保孩子的安全等。 【详解】 1. 句意：然而，随着科技的兴起，育儿变得更容易了。 harder更难的；easier更容易的；busier更忙的；more boring更无聊的。根据上文“Parenting is a challenging job, and it can be overwhelming (压倒性的) at times.”可知，育儿是一项具有挑战性的工作，有时会让人感到不知所措。结合下文“AI is changing the way parents raise their kids.”可知，人工智能正在改变父母抚养孩子的方式，由此可知，此处指育儿变得更容易了。故选B。 2. 句意：这也是为了让父母成为更好的照顾者。 encouraging鼓励；preventing阻止；enabling使能够；stopping停止。根据上文“AI is not just about robots taking over the world.”可知，人工智能不仅仅是让机器人接管世界，结合下文“parents to be better caregivers”可知，此处指人工智能能够让父母成为更好的照顾者。故选C。 3. 句意：使用人工智能驱动的工具和应用，父母可以监控孩子在网上或使用平板电脑时的行为。 start researching开始研究；raise awareness of提高……的意识；keep an eye on留意，关注；separate from与……分离。根据下文“their children’s behaviour on the internet or while handling tablets”可知，此处指父母可以监控孩子在网上或使用平板电脑时的行为。keep an eye on为固定短语，意为“留意，关注”。故选C。 4. 句意：此外，一些应用程序还可以培养孩子的绘画和说话能力。 For example例如；In conclusion总之；As a result结果；In addition此外。根据上文“With AI-powered tools and apps, parents can … their children’s behaviour on the internet or while handling tablets.”以及下文“some apps can also develop drawing and speaking skills in children.”可知，上文提到了使用人工智能驱动的工具和应用，父母可以监控孩子的行为，下文提到了一些应用程序还可以培养孩子的绘画和说话能力，由此可知，此处指“此外”。故选D。 5. 句意：人工智能可以通过根据孩子的行为和发展提供定制的建议，以及观察睡眠模式和跟踪位置，并提供实时支持，从而为父母提供帮助。 supply供应；support支持；treatment治疗；chips薯片。根据上文“AI can be helpful for parents by providing tailored (定制的) recommendations based on their child’s behaviour and development, as well as observing sleep patterns and tracking location”可知，人工智能可以通过根据孩子的行为和发展提供定制的建议，以及观察睡眠模式和跟踪位置，从而为父母提供帮助，结合选项可知，此处指“提供实时支持”。故选B。 6. 句意：这些应用程序不仅就健康的屏幕使用时间提供建议，而且可以检测到可能的网络危险，还可以帮助父母做出保护孩子安全的决定。 detect检测；warn警告；hide隐藏；send发送。根据上文“These apps not only give advice on healthy screen time”以及下文“possible online dangers”可知，此处指这些应用程序不仅可以就健康的屏幕使用时间提供建议，而且可以检测到可能的网络危险。故选A。 Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海·期末） In ancient times, Chinese people used tools like the abacus to help with learning and calculating. 1 , today’s students are experiencing a major change as modern technology plays a new role in education. For the young, e-learning seems so 2 . Zhu Xufei, 12, uses her parents’ mobile phone to study English every day on her way to school and back home. Through an app, she listens to and repeats words and sentences in English. The app even tells the difference between her speech and the proper pronunciation, and then 3 shows the score. Zhu’s mother said, “The apps enable her to learn and practice spoken English anytime, anywhere.” It’s not only children using mobile devices to learn new things. Many subway or bus passengers can be seen having app lessons, like business management or driving tests. “I don’t have to 4 books around and turn pages on crowded buses,” an office lady says. “With just a touch of the screen on my smartphone, I can do tests whenever I have time. It also records my 5 and helps me to review them later.” E-learning has also been welcomed by schools and colleges. Zheng Lili, owner of an English training school, says the learning apps allow teachers to keep track of students’ learning 6 and know when and how to help them. 1. A．In fact B.Besides C.However D.After all 2. A．strange B.enjoyable C.natural D.boring 3. A．secretly B.gently C.nearly D.immediately 4. A．borrow B.carry C.return D.deliver 5. A．interests B.answers C.opinions D.mistakes 6. A．risks B.habits C.progress D.methods 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了古代中国使用算盘等工具辅助学习与计算，而如今现代科技在教育领域发挥了新作用，电子学习给学生等人群带来了重大变化，受到广泛欢迎。 【详解】 1. 句意：在古代，中国人使用算盘等工具来辅助学习和计算。然而，如今的学生正经历着重大变化，因为现代科技在教育领域发挥着新作用。 “In ancient times”描述古代情况，“today’s students…a major change”描述现在情况，前后是转折关系。“However”表示转折，符合语境。“In fact”表示事实上，用于补充说明；“Besides”表示此外，用于递进；“After all”表示毕竟，用于解释原因，均不符合此处转折的语境。 2. 句意：对于年轻人来说，电子学习似乎很自然。 根据后文“Zhu Xufei, 12, uses her parents’ mobile phone to study English every day on her way to school and back home...The apps enable her to learn and practice spoken English anytime, anywhere.”可知，孩子能随时随地用软件学英语，所以电子学习对他们来说是很自然的事。“natural”表示自然的，符合语境。“strange”表示奇怪的；“enjoyable”表示令人愉快的；“boring”表示无聊的，均不符合语境。 3. 句意：这个应用程序甚至能分辨出她的发音和正确发音之间的区别，然后立即显示分数。 根据语境，应用程序在分辨出发音区别后，应该是马上显示分数。“immediately”表示立即，符合语境。“secretly”表示秘密地；“gently”表示温柔地；“nearly”表示几乎，均不符合语境。 4. 句意：“我不必在拥挤的公交车上带着书并翻页了，”一位办公室女士说。 根据“books around and turn pages on crowded buses”可知，在拥挤的公交车上要带着书并翻页，“carry”表示携带，符合语境。“borrow”表示借；“return”表示归还；“deliver”表示递送，均不符合语境。 5. 句意：它还能记录我的错误，并帮助我以后复习。 根据“helps me to review them later”可知，能帮助复习的应该是记录下来的错误。“mistakes”表示错误，符合语境。“interests”表示兴趣；“answers”表示答案；“opinions”表示观点，均不符合语境。 6. 句意：一家英语培训学校的负责人郑丽丽说，学习应用程序让老师能够跟踪学生的学习进度，并知道何时以及如何帮助他们。 老师通过学习应用程序应该是了解学生的“学习进度”，从而知道何时以及如何帮助学生。“progress”表示进步、进展，符合语境。“risks”表示风险，“habits”表示习惯，“methods”表示方法，均不符合老师通过程序了解学生情况的语境。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Do you often feel tired after staring at a screen for too long? You are not alone. Many students today spend hours each day on their phones, computers, or tablets. While technology brings us many 1 , it also has some negative effects on our health. One common problem is eye strain. When you look at a screen for a long time, your eyes have to work harder. This can cause headaches and dry eyes. To 2 this, doctors suggest the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Another issue is that too much screen time can affect your sleep. The blue light from screens can fool your brain into thinking it’s still daytime. This makes it harder to fall 3 at night. Experts recommend turning off electronic devices at least one hour before bedtime. 4 , spending too much time online can also influence your mental health. Comparing yourself to others on social media might make you feel unhappy or lonely. It is important to remember that what people post online is not always the 5 picture of their lives. So what can we do? The key is to find a balance. Enjoy the benefits of technology, but don’t forget to take breaks, go outside, and spend time with family and friends in the 6 world. Your eyes, your mind, and your body will thank you. 1. A．problems B.advantages C.excuses D.worries 2. A．cause B.increase C.prevent D.ignore 3. A．asleep B.sleepy C.sleeping D.slept 4. A．However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Otherwise 5. A．full B.perfect C.simple D.dark 6. A．digital B.real C.virtual D.online 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨过度使用屏幕对健康的负面影响及如何平衡科技与生活，提出具体建议。 【详解】 1. 句意：虽然科技给我们带来很多好处，但它也对我们的健康产生一些负面影响。 根据后半句的转折与negative effects，advantages（优点、好处）形成前后对比。problems问题，excuses借口，worries担忧，均不符合上下文。 2. 句意：为了防止这种情况，医生提出了20-20-20法则。 this指代前文的头痛与干眼，prevent（预防、防止）符合语境。cause造成，increase增加，ignore忽视，均不符合上下文。 3. 句意：这会让人在夜里更难入睡。 固定搭配fall asleep表示“入睡”。sleepy困倦的，sleeping睡觉，slept是sleep的过去式，均不符合搭配。 4. 句意：除此之外，上网时间过长也会影响你的心理健康。 本段是补充第二条危害，Besides（此外）用于递进。However然而，Therefore因此，Otherwise否则，均不符合逻辑。 5. 句意：重要的是要记住，人们在网上发布的内容并不总是他们生活的完整画面。 根据常识及语境，社交媒体只展示部分生活，并非全貌。“the full picture”为固定搭配，意为“全貌”。 6. 句意：享受科技带来的好处，但不要忘记休息，走出去，在现实世界中与家人朋友共度时光。 根据“go outside”及与前文“online”对比，此处指脱离网络的现实世界。real world表示“现实世界”，和线上虚拟生活形成对比。digital数字的，virtual虚拟的，online线上的，均不符合上下文。 Passage 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Do you know that your brain changes when you learn something new? This ability is called neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). Scientists used to believe that after childhood, the brain stopped changing. But now they know that’s not true. The brain can create new pathways at any age. When you practice the piano, solve a math problem, or learn a new language, your brain is 1 working. It builds connections between brain cells. The more you practice, the 2 these connections become. That’s why repetition is so important for learning. But here’s the exciting part: your brain doesn’t just remember what you learn. It actually gets 3 at learning over time. Think of it like going to the gym. The first time you lift weights, it’s hard. But after weeks of practice, your muscles get stronger. 4 , after weeks of studying, your brain becomes more efficient at learning. This is why learning a second language is 5 for students. It trains the brain to think in different ways. Studies show that people who speak two or more languages often have better problem-solving skills and memory, even in old age. So don’t be afraid of challenges. Every time you struggle with a difficult topic, your brain is growing. That feeling of frustration? That’s actually a 6 that your brain is working hard and building new connections. Keep going, and you’ll be surprised by what your brain can achieve. 1. A．quietly B.constantly C.suddenly D.lazily 2. A．weaker B.fewer C.stronger D.stranger 3. A．worse B.slower C.faster D.better 4. A．Finally B.Similarly C.Unfortunately D.Differently 5. A．useless B.harmful C.boring D.beneficial 6. A．sign B.joke C.mistake D.secret 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大脑的可塑性，说明通过学习练习，大脑连接会变强，学习第二语言对学生有益，鼓励面对挑战。 【详解】 1. 句意：当你练习钢琴、解决数学问题或学习一门新语言时，你的大脑正在不断地工作。 根据“When you practice… or learn a new language”及常识可知，学习和练习是一个持续的过程，大脑在此期间是持续运作的，用constantly。quietly“安静地”、suddenly“突然地”和lazily“懒惰地”均不符。 2. 句意：你练习得越多，这些连接就变得越强。 根据“The more you practice”及后文“repetition is so important”可知，练习会使大脑连接更稳固，带来的是正向增强，用stronger。weaker“更弱”、fewer“更少”和stranger“更奇怪”均不符。 3. 句意：实际上，随着时间的推移，你在学习方面会变得更好。 根据“gets… at learning”及后文肌肉变强的类比可知，此处指能力提升。固定搭配get better at表示“在……方面变得更好”，符合语境。worse“更差”、slower“更慢”和faster“更快”均不符。 4. 句意：同样地，经过几周的学习后，你的大脑在学习方面变得更高效。 根据前文举的健身例子与后文学习例子的关系可知，两者是类比关系，表示两种情况的相似性，用Similarly。Finally“最后”、Unfortunately“不幸地”和Differently“不同地”均不符。 5. 句意：这就是为什么学习第二语言对学生是有益的。 根据后文“Trains the brain… better problem-solving skills and memory”可知，学习语言带来很多好处，因此是有益的，用beneficial。useless“无用的”、harmful“有害的”和boring“无聊的”均不符。 6. 句意：那实际上是一个迹象，表明你的大脑正在努力工作并建立新的连接。 根据“That feeling of frustration”与“brain is working hard”的关系可知，挫败感是大脑工作的表现，因此这是一种信号或迹象，用sign。joke“笑话”、mistake“错误”和secret“秘密”均不符。 Passage 5 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （23-24八年级上·上海杨浦·期中） Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to remember anything. Do you agree? Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that means the end of having to learn anything. It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access. 1 , not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information. Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, while remembering something is 2 . The human memory is a much more efficient system. Another problem is the 3 of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable? We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to 4 information from different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important than knowing the information itself. Finally, the internet is a good tool but it cannot take the place of our 5 . If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society. In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to use the internet 6 . 1. A．At first B.What’s more C.However D.After all 2. A．impossible B.immediate C.basic D.essential 3. A．protection B.amount C.development D.quality 4. A．compare B.collect C.recognize D.process 5. A．traditions B.brains C.education D.knowledge 6. A．safely B.regularly C.properly D.happily 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章围绕信息在互联网上极易获取这一现象展开讨论，探讨了人们是否因此不再需要记忆任何东西这一问题。 1. 句意：然而，并不是每个人都能一直使用互联网，例如在某些建筑物或偏远地区，所以我们确实需要能够记住信息。 at first起初；what's more而且；however然而；after all毕竟。根据上文“It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access.”和“not everyone has working internet all the time”可知，前面说的是在有互联网的情况下，信息很容易获取，但这里提到了并不是所有人都能一直使用互联网，存在转折关系。故选C。 2. 句意：此外，在网上查找你需要知道的一切都需要时间，而记住一些事情是即时的。 impossible不可能的；immediate即时的；basic基本的；essential必要的。根据上文“it takes time to look up everything you need to know online”和“while remembering something”可知，在网上查找信息需要时间，而记住信息是很快就能做到的。故选B。 3. 句意：另一个问题是网上信息的质量。 protection保护；amount数量；development发展；quality质量。根据下文“How do we know if it is accurate or reliable?”可知，这里说的是网上信息的准确性和可靠性，也就是信息的质量问题。故选D。 4. 句意：我们需要思考我们知道的其他事实，并记住如何比较来自不同网站的信息。 compare比较；collect收集；recognize识别；process处理。根据下文“information from different websites”可知，这里说的是要对来自不同网站的信息进行比较，以判断其准确性和可靠性。故选A。 5. 句意：最后，互联网是一个很好的工具，但它不能取代我们的大脑。 traditions传统；brains大脑；education教育；knowledge知识。根据下文“If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society.”可知，如果我们不记住任何东西，就会过度依赖手机和电脑，这对社会是不利的，说明互联网不能取代我们的大脑。故选B。 6. 句意：我们需要我们的记忆在没有互联网的情况下发挥作用，我们也需要知道如何正确地使用互联网。 safely安全地；regularly定期地；properly正确地；happily快乐地。根据上文“We need our memories to function without the internet”可知，我们需要正确地使用互联网，以充分发挥其作用。故选C。 Passage 6 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （23-24八年级上·上海徐汇·期中） ChatGPT is back in the headlines! OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language model: GPT-4. On March 14, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous GPT-3.5. One of its best new features is that it can 1 pictures. For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger (充电器), GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny. But GPT-4’s developments don’t 2 there. The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games like Tetris (俄罗斯方块) in a matter of minutes, and produce the code and layout (布局) for a website based on a hand-made drawing. It can also change the tone (语气) and style based on what you ask it to do. GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests, which may worry 3 . According to CNN, GPT-4 did really well on a law school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bottom 10 percent. GPT-4 will also see greater use as a tool to power other apps and services. 4 , the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming Duolingo Max function (功能). Users can learn language by talking with AI. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people better understand the world around them. The government of Iceland also plans to use GPT-4 to protect the Icelandic language. There are still problems with the new language model, however. GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers, 5 with newer information after September 2021. GPT-4 also sometimes “hallucinates (产生幻觉)”, meaning that it will insist that 6 information is true. 1. A．draw B.express C.understand D.support 2. A．complete B.limit C.observe D.stop 3. A．graduates B.staff C.teachers D.partners 4. A．In addition B.As a result C.In fact D.For example 5. A．even B.exactly C.especially D.actually 6. A．serious B.precious C.regular D.wrong 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 【导语】本文主要讲GPT-4的一些强大功能及仍然存在的问题。 【详解】 1. 句意：它最出色的新功能之一在于能够理解图片。 draw画；express表达；understand理解；support支持。根据“For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger (充电器), GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.”可知，GPT-4能够理解图片。故选C。 2. 句意：但GPT-4的发展远不止于此。 complete完成；limit限制；observe观察到；stop停止。根据“The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games like Tetris (俄罗斯方块) in a matter of minutes,…GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests,”可知，GPT-4更智能，但它的发展不止于此，stop符合题意。故选D。 3. 句意：GPT-4在通过测试方面比之前的 GPT 版本表现得要好得多，这可能会让教师们感到担忧。 graduates毕业生；staff员工；teachers教师；partners同伴。根据“GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests,”可知，GPT-4在通过测试方面比之前的GPT版本表现得要好得多，这可能会让教师们感到担忧。故选C。 4. 句意：例如，语言学习应用Duolingo计划在即将推出的Duolingo Max功能中使用GPT-4。 In addition此外；As a result结果是；In fact事实上；For example例如。根据“GPT-4 will also see greater use as a tool to power other apps and services.”以及“the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming Duolingo Max function”可知，空后是在举例说明GPT-4将被更多地用作支持其他应用和服务的工具，For example符合题意。故选D。 5. 句意：GPT-4仍然难以给出完全正确的答案，尤其是在2021年9月之后的新信息方面。 even甚至；exactly精确地；especially尤其；actually实际上。根据“GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers,…with newer information after September 2021.”可知，空后表示强调，用especially。故选C。 6. 句意：GPT-4有时也会出现“幻觉”现象，即它会执意认为错误的信息是真实的。 serious严重的；precious珍贵的；regular规律的；wrong错误的。根据“hallucinates”可知，有时GPT-4会执意认为错误的信息是真实的。故选D。 话题3：求知探索（难点） Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海宝山·期中） The curious scientist Sarah always felt curious about the world around her. One sunny afternoon, while walking home from school, she noticed something strange in her neighbourhood. A group of birds was flying in a perfect circle, not following the usual random paths (随机路径). Her curiosity drove her to 1 why they behaved this way. She made a decision to 2 her observations over the next few days. She took notes, drew sketches (草图), and even filmed the birds. Her classmates laughed at her, saying it was a waste of time. But Sarah didn’t care. She believed that every strange behaviour had a reason. One day, Sarah’s science teacher saw her notes and was 3 by her dedication (奉献). He suggested she could share her findings at the school science fair. Sarah’s presentation titled “The secret language of birds” amazed everyone. She explained how birds’ circular flight might help them communicate. To prove her theory, Sarah did an experiment. She placed food in different places and observed which spots the birds visited first. The results were 4 : the birds always flew towards the spot with the most food. Her classmates finally understood her 5 and praised her courage. Years later, Sarah became a zoologist (动物学家). She often remembered that moment when her curiosity turned a simple observation 6 a life-changing discovery. 1. A．wonder B.ask C.rate D.spread 2. A．continue B.record C.share D.discuss 3. A．annoyed B.impressed C.confused D.bored 4. A．surprising B.boring C.exciting D.tiring 5. A．courage B.curiosity C.creativity D.confidence 6. A．out B.on C.into D.off 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sarah对周围世界充满好奇，她观察到一群鸟以完美的圆圈飞行，而非通常的随机路径，这激发了她的好奇心。她通过记录观察、做实验，最终在学校科学展览上分享了她的发现，并得到了认可。多年后，她成为了一名动物学家，她常常想起那个好奇心将简单观察转变为改变人生的发现的时刻。 【详解】 1. 句意：她的好奇心驱使她想知道它们为什么会这样表现。 wonder想知道；ask问；rate评价；spread传播。根据“why they behaved this way.”可知，此处指想知道它们为什么会这样表现。故选A。 2. 句意：她决定在接下来的几天里记录她的观察。 continue继续；record记录；share分享；discuss讨论。根据“She took notes, drew sketches (草图), and even filmed the birds.”可知，此处指记录她的观察。故选B。 3. 句意：一天，Sarah的科学老师看到了她的笔记，对她的奉献印象深刻。 annoyed恼怒的；impressed印象深刻的；confused困惑的；bored无聊的。根据“He suggested she could share her findings at the school science fair.”可知，老师对她的奉献印象深刻。故选B。 4. 句意：结果令人惊讶：鸟儿总是飞向食物最多的地方。 surprising令人惊讶的；boring无聊的；exciting令人兴奋的；tiring令人疲惫的。根据“the birds always flew towards the spot with the most food.”可知，鸟儿总是飞向食物最多的地方，这个结果是令人惊讶的。故选A。 5. 句意：她的同学终于理解了她的好奇心，并称赞她的勇气。 courage勇气；curiosity好奇心；creativity创造力；confidence信心。根据“Sarah always felt curious about the world around her.”可知，此处指同学终于理解了她的好奇心。故选B。 6. 句意：她经常想起那个时刻，她的好奇心将一个简单的观察变成了一个改变人生的发现。 out出去；on在……上面；into进入；off离开。根据“a life- changing discovery”可知，此处指将一个简单的观察变成了一个改变人生的发现，turn...into...“把……变成……”。故选C。 Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Genius kids often have in-depth knowledge in a certain area. Every parent hopes his or her child is special. But how can you tell if your little one is more than just 1 ? The following are some signs to look out for. ●Great language skills One of the first signs often shows up very early. The language skills of gifted children may be far ahead of their age. Many 2 a rich vocabulary (词汇量) and start speaking in long sentences at an early age. ●Love for reading Genius kids often pick up reading early, sometimes long before other children their age, and they read simply for 3 . If your child is working through book after book, he or she may well be a genius! ●Curiosity about the world Smart kids are interested in the world around them, but real geniuses are extremely curious about how everything works. Gifted children may shower their parents with “Why?” questions all day long, so their parents must have good 4 ! ● 5 knowledge of a favorite topic Genius kids can tell you the name of every dinosaur or explain how a car engine works. As Science Daily puts it, “A genius kid is someone who, by the age of about 11, understands a field almost like an adult.” ●Leadership skills Many geniuses grow into leaders. Gifted children often take charge, solve problems creatively and guide others with confidence. They aren’t afraid to lead a team 6 they have a clear sense of direction and trust their own judgment. 1. A．smart B.strong C.healthy D.pretty 2. A．spread B.appreciate C.develop D.invent 3. A．examination B.fun C.record D.honor 4. A．luck B.taste C.patience D.health 5. A．Limited B.Detailed C.Basic D.Traditional 6. A．unless B.but C.though D.as 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了天才儿童的六大特征，帮助家长识别自己的孩子是否有特殊天赋。 1. 句意：但你如何判断你的小家伙是否不仅仅是聪明的呢？ smart聪明的；strong强壮的；healthy健康的；pretty漂亮的。结合上下文，前文提到“天才儿童往往在某一领域有深入的知识”“每位父母都希望自己的孩子特别”，此处是追问如何判断孩子是否超出普通的“聪明”，与“天才”形成递进对比。故选A。 2. 句意：许多孩子会形成丰富的词汇量，并在很小的时候就开始说长句子。 spread传播；appreciate欣赏；develop培养、形成；invent发明。根据“a rich vocabulary (词汇量) and start speaking in long sentences at an early age”可知，此处表示“发展出”词汇量，develop“发展”符合语境。故选C。 3. 句意：天才儿童通常很早就开始阅读，有时比同龄其他孩子早得多，而且他们阅读只是为了乐趣。 examination考试；fun乐趣；record记录；honor荣誉。根据“If your child is working through book after book, he or she may well be a genius!”，可推测他们阅读是出于自身兴趣，而非功利目的，for fun表示“为了乐趣”，符合语境。故选B。 4. 句意：天才儿童可能会一整天都向父母抛来“为什么？”的问题，所以他们的父母必须有很好的耐心！ luck运气；taste品味；patience耐心；health健康。根据“Gifted children may shower their parents with ‘Why?’ questions all day long,”，可知应对大量问题需要父母有足够的耐心，patience符合语境。故选C。 5. 句意：天才儿童可以对他们最喜欢的主题有详细的了解。 Limited有限的；Detailed详细的、深入的；Basic基础的；Traditional传统的。根据“As Science Daily puts it, ‘A genius kid is someone who, by the age of about 11, understands a field almost like an adult.’”可知，此处表示“详细的”知识，Detailed符合语境。故选B。 6. 句意：他们不害怕带领团队，因为他们有明确的方向感并相信自己的判断。 unless除非；but但是；though尽管；as因为。根据“They aren’t afraid to lead a team”和“they have a clear sense of direction and trust their own judgment”可知，“有明确的方向感并相信自己的判断”是“不害怕带领团队”的原因，as此处引导原因状语从句。故选D。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海金山·期中） Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Throughout history, curiosity has been the driving force behind some of the most important 1 . Take Galileo, for example. As a young man, he was curious about the stars and planets. While others believed the Earth was the center of the universe, Galileo 2 if that was true. He built a telescope to observe the sky and found that the Earth orbits the sun—a discovery that revolutionized science. Another example is Marie Curie, who was curious about unknown elements. She spent years studying radioactive materials, even when many people thought it was a waste of time. Her curiosity 3 the discovery of radium, which has helped save millions of lives through cancer treatment. Curiosity isn’t just for famous scientists. It’s part of everyday life. A teacher in a small village noticed her students were curious about plants. Instead of just telling them facts, she encouraged them to grow their own. The students began asking questions: Why do some plants need more water? How do they make food? Through 4 , they learned more than any textbook could teach. 5 , research shows that curious people are more successful in life. They’re better at solving problems and adapting to new situations. This is because curiosity makes the brain more 6 and ready to learn. When we’re curious, we pay more attention and remember information better. So, the next time you wonder “why” or “how,” don’t ignore it. Follow your curiosity—it might just lead you to something amazing. 1. A．discoveries B.invitations C.advantages D.journeys 2. A．agreed B.wondered C.complained D.warned 3. A．led to B.connected to C.belonged to D.sent to 4. A．rating B.treating C.exploring D.recording 5. A．In conclusion B.However C.Therefore D.In fact 6. A．vivid B.precious C.active D.aware 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 【导语】本文通过伽利略、居里夫人以及乡村教师的例子，阐述了好奇心在人类重大成就、科学发现和日常学习中的推动作用。 【详解】 1. 句意：纵观历史，好奇心一直是一些最重要发现背后的驱动力。 discoveries发现；invitations邀请；advantages优势；journeys旅程。后文举例“Take Galileo, for example…a discovery that revolutionized science”和“Marie Curie…the discovery of radium”，这些都是人类历史上的重要发现。故选A。 2. 句意：当其他人都认为地球是宇宙的中心时，伽利略想知道这是否是真的。 agreed同意；wondered想知道；complained抱怨；warned警告。根据前文“he was curious about the stars and planets”以及后文他“built a telescope to observe the sky”的行动，可知他并不认同他人的观点，而是想知道真相。故选B。 3. 句意：她的好奇心促成了镭的发现，这种元素通过癌症治疗帮助拯救了数百万人的生命。 led to促成，导致；connected to连接到；belonged to属于；sent to发送到。前文提到“she was curious about unknown elements. She spent years studying radioactive materials”，正是这种好奇心驱使她坚持研究，最终促成了镭的发现。故选A。 4. 句意：通过探索，他们学到了比任何教科书都多的知识。 rating评级；treating对待；exploring探索；recording记录。前文描述学生“grew their own”植物，并提出“Why do some plants need more water? How do they make food?”等问题，这些都是主动探索的行为。故选C。 5. 句意：事实上，研究表明，好奇心强的人在生活中更成功。 In conclusion总之；However然而；Therefore因此；In fact事实上。前文指出“Curiosity isn’t just for famous scientists. It’s part of everyday life”，此处用“事实上”引出研究结果，进一步佐证好奇心的普遍作用，与前文形成递进，因此In fact最恰当。故选D。 6. 句意：这是因为好奇心让大脑更活跃，并准备好学习。 vivid生动的；precious珍贵的；active活跃的；aware有……意识的。后文提到“When we’re curious, we pay more attention and remember information better”，说明好奇心能让大脑更活跃，从而提升注意力和记忆力。故选C。 Passage 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海·期中） Throughout history, curiosity has been the driving force behind some of the most important 1 . Take Galileo, for example. As a young man, he was curious about the stars and planets. While others believed the Earth was the center of the universe, Galileo 2 if that was true. He built a telescope to observe the sky and found that the Earth orbits the sun—a discovery that revolutionized science. Another example is Marie Curie, who was curious about unknown elements. She spent years studying radioactive materials, even when many people thought it was a waste of time. Her curiosity 3 the discovery of radium, which has helped save millions of lives through cancer treatment. Curiosity isn’t just for famous scientists. It’s part of everyday life. A teacher in a small village noticed her students were curious about plants. Instead of just telling them facts, she encouraged them to grow their own. The students began asking questions: Why do some plants need more water? How do they make food? Through 4 , they learned more than any textbook could teach. 5 , research shows that curious people are more successful in life. They’re better at solving problems and adapting to new situations. This is because curiosity makes the brain more 6 and ready to learn. When we’re curious, we pay more attention and remember information better. So, the next time you wonder “why” or “how,” don’t ignore it. Follow your curiosity—it might just lead you to something amazing. 1. A．achievements B.invitations C.advantages D.journeys 2. A．agreed B.wondered C.complained D.warned 3. A．led to B.connected to C.belonged to D.sent to 4. A．rating B.treating C.exploring D.recording 5. A．In conclusion B.However C.Therefore D.In fact 6. A．vivid B.precious C.active D.square 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 【导语】本文通过伽利略、居里夫人以及乡村教师的例子，阐述了好奇心在人类重大成就、科学发现和日常学习中的推动作用。 【详解】 1. 句意：纵观历史，好奇心一直是一些最重要成就背后的驱动力。 achievements成就；invitations邀请；advantages优势；journeys旅程。后文举例“Take Galileo, for example…a discovery that revolutionized science”和“Marie Curie…the discovery of radium”，这些都是人类历史上的重要成就。故选A。 2. 句意：当其他人都认为地球是宇宙的中心时，伽利略想知道这是否是真的。 agreed同意；wondered想知道；complained抱怨；warned 警告。根据前文“he was curious about the stars and planets”，以及后文他“built a telescope to observe the sky”的行动，可知他并不认同他人的观点，而是想知道真相。故选B。 3. 句意：她的好奇心促成了镭的发现，这种元素通过癌症治疗帮助拯救了数百万人的生命。 led to促成，导致；connected to连接到；belonged to属于；sent to发送到。前文提到“she was curious about unknown elements. She spent years studying radioactive materials”，正是这种好奇心驱使她坚持研究，最终促成了镭的发现。故选A。 4. 句意：通过探索，他们学到了比任何教科书都多的知识。 rating评级；treating对待；exploring探索；recording记录。前文描述学生“grew their own”植物，并提出“Why do some plants need more water? How do they make food?”等问题，这些都是主动探索的行为。故选C。 5. 句意：事实上，研究表明，好奇心强的人在生活中更成功。 In conclusion总之；However然而；Therefore因此；In fact事实上。前文指出“Curiosity isn’t just for famous scientists. It’s part of everyday life”，此处用“事实上”引出研究结果，进一步佐证好奇心的普遍作用，与前文形成递进，因此In fact最恰当。故选D。 6. 句意：这是因为好奇心让大脑更活跃，并准备好学习。 vivid生动的；precious珍贵的；active活跃的；square平方的。后文提到“When we’re curious, we pay more attention and remember information better”，说明好奇心能让大脑更活跃，从而提升注意力和记忆力。故选C。 Passage 5 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末） Being curious about the world around you can boost your confidence. As a new school year begins, opening your mind to new people and experiences will help you make friends and 1 new interests. Don’t worry about it—have a go! Having an open mind and being curious means trying to understand other people’s thoughts and ideas, even if you don’t always 2 them. It also means trying new experiences and exploring different ways of doing things. You can have an open mind about anything. The new school term means there are plenty of opportunities to open your mind, find a new activity to try, make new friends and in the process, learn more about yourself. There are lots of 3 to being open-minded. Kendra Cherry is an author and expert in feelings, and she says it helps you learn new things about the world and the people around you. This makes you feel more confident and 4 about facing challenges. Having an interest in other people gives you more empathy, which means you understand and share their feelings, says Cherry. Being open to fresh ideas can also create exciting new ones of your own. Start by asking questions, says Cherry. So if you’re unsure about joining a new club, ask yourself what’s stopping you. Imagine how it feels to learn a new skill, meet new people and make friends. Don’t jump to a sudden 5 but give yourself time to think about it first. If someone says something you disagree with, then instead of deciding they are 6 or arguing back, take a moment to consider why they have that opinion. Finally, open your mind to new ideas. Even if you think you’re an expert on a subject, there is always more you can learn. 1. A．spread B.touch C.develop D.hide 2. A．argue with B.agree with C.cooperate with D.deal with 3. A．directions B.conditions C.opinions D.advantages 4. A．familiar B.pleased C.careful D.positive 5. A．decision B.understanding C.imagination D.discussion 6. A．right B.wrong C.perfect D.dramatic 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. B 【导语】本文讲述了保持开放的心态和好奇心的好处。 【详解】 1. 句意：随着新学年的开始，向新的人和经历敞开心扉将有助于你交朋友，培养新的兴趣。 spread传播；touch触摸；develop发展，培养；hide隐藏。根据“help you make friends and … new interests”可知，是培养新的兴趣。故选C。 2. 句意：保持开放的心态和好奇心意味着试着理解别人的想法和主意，即使你并不总是同意他们的观点。 argue with与……争论；agree with同意；cooperate with与……合作；deal with处理。根据“trying to understand other people’s thoughts and ideas, even if you don’t always … them”可知，即使你并不总是同意他们的观点，也会试着理解别人的想法和主意。故选B。 3. 句意：保持开放心态有很多好处。 directions方向；conditions条件；opinions意见；advantages优势。根据“Kendra Cherry is an author and expert in feelings … about facing challenges.”可知，保持开放心态有很多好处。故选D。 4. 句意：这会让你在面对挑战时更加自信和积极。 familiar熟悉的；pleased愉快的；careful小心的；positive积极的。根据“This makes you feel more confident”可知，面对挑战时更加自信和积极。故选D。 5. 句意：不要突然做出决定，先给自己时间考虑一下。 decision决定；understanding理解；imagination想象；discussion讨论。根据“but give yourself time to think about it first”可知，不要突然做出决定。故选A。 6. 句意：如果有人说了你不同意的话，那么与其认为他们错了或反驳，不如花点时间考虑一下他们为什么有这样的意见。 right正确的；wrong错误的；perfect完美的；dramatic戏剧性的。根据“If someone says something you disagree with”“or arguing back”可知，认为他们错了或反驳。故选B。 Passage 6 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级下·上海浦东新·期末） If you can’t understand what the teacher says in class, what would you do? Some students just let it go. So the next time they meet similar questions, they still make 1 . But Katie doesn’t. After class, she always asks the teacher to explain again. Sometimes she 2 her notes, reads related books in the library, or even watches videos online until she really understands. And yes, she does really well in her studies. You might think she is hard-working, but actually, she is just curious enough. Curious people want to learn more about the world and keep asking why. Many great discoveries in history were made by curious people. 3 you don’t plan to become an inventor or a researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. When you are curious, you develop a real love for knowledge and will be 4 active in the learning process. In this way, being curious can help you make much progress in your studies. Some students are not sure if curiosity is useful. In their eyes, being curious about some questions takes up too much time and stops them from learning other things. But research shows they may be wrong. Some researchers once gave students a memory test on geographical facts. When students were curious about one topic, they could remember the facts 5 and better. According to a follow-up study, with a sense of achievement, these students would like to try harder to learn other things. It’s OK if you are not naturally very curious. Curiosity can be built through practice. Experts suggest asking more questions in class or in daily life, because every question helps you understand things better. Also, try to get different information by reading different kinds of books, watching videos or lectures, and talking with people who know more than you. Stay open-minded and never stop 6 . That’s how you keep your curiosity alive. 1. A．choices B.decisions C.mistakes D.plans 2. A．reviews B.copies C.misses D.drops 3. A．Because B.Even if C.Unless D.As if 4. A．hardly B.fully C.partly D.nearly 5. A．faster B.slower C.later D.worse 6. A．worrying B.shouting C.complaining D.wondering 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了好奇心在学习中的重要性，并通过研究证明好奇心能帮助记忆，建议通过实践培养好奇心。 【详解】 1. 句意：所以下次遇到类似问题时，他们仍然会犯错误。 根据“let it go”可知，放任不管会导致负面结果。make mistakes表示“犯错误”，符合语境。 2. 句意：有时她会复习笔记，在图书馆阅读相关书籍，甚至会在线观看视频。 根据“until she really understands”可知，为了理解需要复习笔记，reviews符合学习场景。 3. 句意：即使你不打算成为发明家或研究人员，好奇心仍然能在课堂上帮助你。 根据前后句意可知存在让步关系。Even if引导让步状语从句，符合语境。 4. 句意：当你充满好奇心时，你会对知识产生真正的热爱，将在学习过程中充分展现主动性。 根据“real love for knowledge”可知，会完全积极投入。fully修饰active表示程度深，符合语境。 5. 句意：当学生对某个话题感到好奇时，他们能更快、更好地记住相关事实。 根据“and better”及研究结果可知，是积极影响。faster与better并列，表示效率提高，符合语境。 6. 句意：保持开放的心态，永远不要停止好奇/琢磨。 根据“keep your curiosity alive”可知，要保持好奇心。wondering意为“好奇、琢磨”，符合语境。 29 / 29zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考前押题06 完形填空常考话题（新教材沪教版五四学制） 八年级上册常考话题 期中考进阶练 学校 班级 姓名 学号 话题1：水与水资源 话题2 ：数字生活（常考点） 话题3 : 求知探索（难点） 话题1：水与水资源 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海·期中） Our science teacher, Mr. Chen, often tells us that water is 1 most important resource on Earth. Last month, he informed our whole class 2 the serious water shortages faced by people in some dry areas. The news made everyone think deeply. He then encouraged us 3 a hands-on water-saving project in our school. My friend Lucy and I decided to start by checking all the taps. After a long search, we finally found a tap leaking quietly in a corner of the art room. 4 we reported our discovery to Mr. Chen, he praised us for our carefulness. However, he also reminded us, “We won’t be able to fix this problem 5 the repairman arrives tomorrow with his special tools.” 6 this meaningful experience, I began to pay more attention to the water around me and now understand the importance of every single drop much better than before. 1. A．the B.an C.a D./ 2. A．for B.with C.of D.to 3. A．start B.starting C.started D.to start 4. A．If B.Until C.When D.Although 5. A．when B.until C.after D.as 6. A．Before B.Behind C.After D.Beside Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海宝山·期中） Water is essential for life, but many countries are facing severe water shortages. Governments and citizens must work together to 1 this precious resource. Different nations have adopted unique strategies to conserve water. In Israel, a country with limited natural water, about 90% of wastewater is 2 and reused for agriculture (农业). Australians, who experienced a terrible drought, now use rainwater tanks to collect and store water for daily needs. Meanwhile, Singapore has built advanced (先进的) technology to turn seawater into drinkable water, reducing 3 on imported (进口的) water. Even small habits can make a big difference. For example, turning off the tap while brushing teeth can save up to 6 liters of water per minute. Fixing leaky pipes promptly prevents water waste. Some cities, like Tokyo, have reduced water loss by upgrading old pipes and promoting water-saving appliances. However, in some regions, water is still wasted due to carelessness or outdated infrastructure (基础设施). Education plays a key role in changing people’s 4 towards water use. If everyone takes action, we can ensure that future generations will have 5 water to survive. Saving water isn’t just a national issue — it’s a global responsibility. Every drop counts, and every effort 6 ! 1. A．waste B.protect C.ignore D.pollute 2. A．discharged B.cleaned C.buried D.forgotten 3. A．pressure B.pleasure C.progress D.pride 4. A．speed B.colour C.taste D.attitude 5. A．dirty B.salty C.enough D.cold 6. A．fails B.matters C.disappears D.confuses Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Water is the source of life. Without water, nothing can live. But today, many people do not realize how 1 water is. They waste it every day. In many cities, people use too much water. They keep the tap 2 when they brush their teeth or wash their faces. They take long showers. They water their gardens even when it rains. Farmers also use a lot of water. They need water to grow crops. But sometimes they use too much water, and the soil becomes 3 . Factories use water too. Some factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. This 4 the water and kills the fish and plants. We must do something to save water. First, we should 5 the amount of water we use at home. Second, we should stop factories from polluting water. Third, we should tell others about the importance of saving water. If every person saves a little water every day, together we can make a big 6 . Remember, water is precious. Let’s save it for our future. 1. A．important B.interesting C.difficult D.different 2. A．open B.closed C.running D.stopped 3. A．wet B.dry C.rich D.poor 4. A．cleans B.pollutes C.drinks D.boils 5. A．reduce B.increase C.forget D.remember 6. A．mistake B.mess C.decision D.difference Passage 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Water is the most important liquid in the world. People can live without food for a few weeks, but they can only live for a few days 1 water. Every part of our body needs water. Our blood is about 90% water. Our muscles and brains also have a lot of water. In some dry areas, getting water is a daily fight. Women and children often spend hours 2 water from faraway places. The water they get is not always clean. This is a serious problem. The United Nations says that more than 2 billion people around the world do not have access to safe drinking water. Climate change is making the problem 3 . Some places are getting less rain than before. The ground becomes dry and hard. Lakes and rivers are disappearing. At the same time, the world population is growing. More people need more water. This puts great 4 on our water resources. But there is still hope. Many organizations are working to bring clean water to communities. They build wells and teach people how to keep water clean. New technologies, like water purification tablets, help make dirty water drinkable. 5 small actions can help. When we save water at home, we are helping to solve a global problem. We must remember that water is a precious resource. We should not take it for granted. The future of our planet 6 on how we use and protect our water today. 1. A．with B.without C.have D.has 2. A．carry B.to carry C.carrying D.carried 3. A．good B.better C.bad D.worse 4. A．pressure B.fun C.water D.air 5. A．Even B.Also C.Too D.Either 6. A．depends B.puts C.turns D.keeps Passage 5 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海嘉定·期中） The Role of the Water Cycle in the Ecosystem (生态系统) The water cycle is a key part of Earth’s ecosystem. It keeps water moving between the sky, land and oceans, which is necessary for all living things— 1 plants, animals and humans. First, it provides fresh water. When water evaporates from oceans and lakes, it forms clouds. Later, it falls to the ground as rain or snow. A 2 thing is that this process not only fills rivers and lakes but also helps plants grow better. If there were no such process, the 3 would be that many living things would lose their water source. Second, it helps control the climate. Evaporation takes heat from the Earth, making places cooler. When it rains, heat is released, which changes the weather of different areas. Third, it supports ecosystems. As water flows through rivers, it carries nutrients to soil, helping plants grow. These plants then give animals food and homes to live in. What’s more, the clean water from the water cycle can also prevent some harmful 4 from spreading easily. Finally, it cleans water naturally. When water seeps into the ground, soil filters out dirt. This makes groundwater clean and safe for us to drink. We must protect the water cycle. Pollution can 5 it, harming nature and humans. By saving water and reducing pollution, we keep the water cycle steady. Besides, the water cycle also affects our daily life in many ways. For example, it provides water for farming. Without it, crops would not grow well, and that would 6 food shortages. Choose the best answer for each blank. 1. A．except B.including C.without D.about 2. A．dangerous B.boring C.surprising D.hard 3. A．result B.reason C.question D.answer 4. A．flowers B.viruses C.plants D.animals 5. A．ruin B.improve C.help D.protect 6. A．look for B.take away C.put on D.lead to Passage 6 （25-26八年级上·上海闵行·期中）An ocean of noise affects my life a lot I’m a little clown fish, and I like to live in coral reefs (珊瑚礁), but I don’t always stay here. When I was just a baby, I wandered in the open sea for months. It was a big, scary world out there. When I grew strong enough, I hurried home. I couldn’t see the reef. 1 , I depended on its small sound to guide me home. Unfortunately, the ocean isn’t as peaceful as it used to be. Humans, with their ships, speedboats, and surfing, have made it a noisy place. Their noises are often louder than the 2 ones, which makes it difficult for us to find our way back. I’m not the only one to suffer. Deep underwater, there is little light. Sounds, however, travel far. Many of my ocean friends rely on their ability of 3 to survive. Dolphins call each other by unique names and whales sing beautiful songs. But now, the noise is disturbing our lives. Therefore, they swim away from the noises. For example, whales try to 4 busy shipping routes. But in many places, human-made noise is everywhere. We’re forced to leave our homes and move to quieter areas, where we must compete with others for food and shelter. Over time, our populations shrink. Luckily, I have discovered humans are taking action and noise is a controllable problem. Many 5 , like wind-powered boats, have already existed. Scientists are calling for stricter rules. “We have noise standards (标准) for cars and trucks,” they say. “Why shouldn’t we have them for 6 ?” 1. A．In addition B.In brief C.Instead D.In return 2. A．common B.real C.sudden D.natural 3. A．singing B.hearing C.changing D.thinking 4. A．repeat B.avoid C.manage D.spread 5. A．awareness B.services C.solutions D.complaints 6. A．animals B.humans C.planes D.ships 话题2：数字生活（常考点） Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Parenting is a challenging job, and it can be overwhelming (压倒性的) at times. However, with the rise of technology, parenting has become 1 . AI is changing the way parents raise their kids. AI is not just about robots taking over the world. It’s also about 2 parents to be better caregivers. With AI-powered tools and apps, parents can 3 their children’s behaviour on the internet or while handling tablets (平板电脑). 4 , some apps can also develop drawing and speaking skills in children. Choosing quality time over screen time with the help of these advanced tools ensures your child remains safe while enjoying the benefits of technology. AI can be helpful for parents by providing tailored (定制的) recommendations based on their child’s behaviour and development, as well as observing sleep patterns and tracking location, and offering real-time 5 . It saves time and aids in informed decision-making. Parental control apps help control what kids see online by using artificial intelligence (AI). These apps not only give advice on healthy screen time and 6 possible online dangers, but also help parents make decisions to keep their children safe. 1. A．harder B.easier C.busier D.more boring 2. A．encouraging B.preventing C.enabling D.stopping 3. A．start researching B.raise awareness of C.keep an eye on D.separate from 4. A．For example B.In conclusion C.As a result D.In addition 5. A．supply B.support C.treatment D.chips 6. A．detect B.warn C.hide D.send Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海·期末） In ancient times, Chinese people used tools like the abacus to help with learning and calculating. 1 , today’s students are experiencing a major change as modern technology plays a new role in education. For the young, e-learning seems so 2 . Zhu Xufei, 12, uses her parents’ mobile phone to study English every day on her way to school and back home. Through an app, she listens to and repeats words and sentences in English. The app even tells the difference between her speech and the proper pronunciation, and then 3 shows the score. Zhu’s mother said, “The apps enable her to learn and practice spoken English anytime, anywhere.” It’s not only children using mobile devices to learn new things. Many subway or bus passengers can be seen having app lessons, like business management or driving tests. “I don’t have to 4 books around and turn pages on crowded buses,” an office lady says. “With just a touch of the screen on my smartphone, I can do tests whenever I have time. It also records my 5 and helps me to review them later.” E-learning has also been welcomed by schools and colleges. Zheng Lili, owner of an English training school, says the learning apps allow teachers to keep track of students’ learning 6 and know when and how to help them. 1. A．In fact B.Besides C.However D.After all 2. A．strange B.enjoyable C.natural D.boring 3. A．secretly B.gently C.nearly D.immediately 4. A．borrow B.carry C.return D.deliver 5. A．interests B.answers C.opinions D.mistakes 6. A．risks B.habits C.progress D.methods Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Do you often feel tired after staring at a screen for too long? You are not alone. Many students today spend hours each day on their phones, computers, or tablets. While technology brings us many 1 , it also has some negative effects on our health. One common problem is eye strain. When you look at a screen for a long time, your eyes have to work harder. This can cause headaches and dry eyes. To 2 this, doctors suggest the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Another issue is that too much screen time can affect your sleep. The blue light from screens can fool your brain into thinking it’s still daytime. This makes it harder to fall 3 at night. Experts recommend turning off electronic devices at least one hour before bedtime. 4 , spending too much time online can also influence your mental health. Comparing yourself to others on social media might make you feel unhappy or lonely. It is important to remember that what people post online is not always the 5 picture of their lives. So what can we do? The key is to find a balance. Enjoy the benefits of technology, but don’t forget to take breaks, go outside, and spend time with family and friends in the 6 world. Your eyes, your mind, and your body will thank you. 1. A．problems B.advantages C.excuses D.worries 2. A．cause B.increase C.prevent D.ignore 3. A．asleep B.sleepy C.sleeping D.slept 4. A．However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Otherwise 5. A．full B.perfect C.simple D.dark 6. A．digital B.real C.virtual D.online Passage 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Do you know that your brain changes when you learn something new? This ability is called neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). Scientists used to believe that after childhood, the brain stopped changing. But now they know that’s not true. The brain can create new pathways at any age. When you practice the piano, solve a math problem, or learn a new language, your brain is 1 working. It builds connections between brain cells. The more you practice, the 2 these connections become. That’s why repetition is so important for learning. But here’s the exciting part: your brain doesn’t just remember what you learn. It actually gets 3 at learning over time. Think of it like going to the gym. The first time you lift weights, it’s hard. But after weeks of practice, your muscles get stronger. 4 , after weeks of studying, your brain becomes more efficient at learning. This is why learning a second language is 5 for students. It trains the brain to think in different ways. Studies show that people who speak two or more languages often have better problem-solving skills and memory, even in old age. So don’t be afraid of challenges. Every time you struggle with a difficult topic, your brain is growing. That feeling of frustration? That’s actually a 6 that your brain is working hard and building new connections. Keep going, and you’ll be surprised by what your brain can achieve. 1. A．quietly B.constantly C.suddenly D.lazily 2. A．weaker B.fewer C.stronger D.stranger 3. A．worse B.slower C.faster D.better 4. A．Finally B.Similarly C.Unfortunately D.Differently 5. A．useless B.harmful C.boring D.beneficial 6. A．sign B.joke C.mistake D.secret Passage 5 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （23-24八年级上·上海杨浦·期中） Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to remember anything. Do you agree? Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that means the end of having to learn anything. It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access. 1 , not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information. Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, while remembering something is 2 . The human memory is a much more efficient system. Another problem is the 3 of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable? We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to 4 information from different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important than knowing the information itself. Finally, the internet is a good tool but it cannot take the place of our 5 . If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society. In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to use the internet 6 . 1. A．At first B.What’s more C.However D.After all 2. A．impossible B.immediate C.basic D.essential 3. A．protection B.amount C.development D.quality 4. A．compare B.collect C.recognize D.process 5. A．traditions B.brains C.education D.knowledge 6. A．safely B.regularly C.properly D.happily Passage 6 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （23-24八年级上·上海徐汇·期中） ChatGPT is back in the headlines! OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language model: GPT-4. On March 14, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous GPT-3.5. One of its best new features is that it can 1 pictures. For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger (充电器), GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny. But GPT-4’s developments don’t 2 there. The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games like Tetris (俄罗斯方块) in a matter of minutes, and produce the code and layout (布局) for a website based on a hand-made drawing. It can also change the tone (语气) and style based on what you ask it to do. GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests, which may worry 3 . According to CNN, GPT-4 did really well on a law school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bottom 10 percent. GPT-4 will also see greater use as a tool to power other apps and services. 4 , the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming Duolingo Max function (功能). Users can learn language by talking with AI. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people better understand the world around them. The government of Iceland also plans to use GPT-4 to protect the Icelandic language. There are still problems with the new language model, however. GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers, 5 with newer information after September 2021. GPT-4 also sometimes “hallucinates (产生幻觉)”, meaning that it will insist that 6 information is true. 1. A．draw B.express C.understand D.support 2. A．complete B.limit C.observe D.stop 3. A．graduates B.staff C.teachers D.partners 4. A．In addition B.As a result C.In fact D.For example 5. A．even B.exactly C.especially D.actually 6. A．serious B.precious C.regular D.wrong 话题3：求知探索（难点） Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海宝山·期中） The curious scientist Sarah always felt curious about the world around her. One sunny afternoon, while walking home from school, she noticed something strange in her neighbourhood. A group of birds was flying in a perfect circle, not following the usual random paths (随机路径). Her curiosity drove her to 1 why they behaved this way. She made a decision to 2 her observations over the next few days. She took notes, drew sketches (草图), and even filmed the birds. Her classmates laughed at her, saying it was a waste of time. But Sarah didn’t care. She believed that every strange behaviour had a reason. One day, Sarah’s science teacher saw her notes and was 3 by her dedication (奉献). He suggested she could share her findings at the school science fair. Sarah’s presentation titled “The secret language of birds” amazed everyone. She explained how birds’ circular flight might help them communicate. To prove her theory, Sarah did an experiment. She placed food in different places and observed which spots the birds visited first. The results were 4 : the birds always flew towards the spot with the most food. Her classmates finally understood her 5 and praised her courage. Years later, Sarah became a zoologist (动物学家). She often remembered that moment when her curiosity turned a simple observation 6 a life-changing discovery. 1. A．wonder B.ask C.rate D.spread 2. A．continue B.record C.share D.discuss 3. A．annoyed B.impressed C.confused D.bored 4. A．surprising B.boring C.exciting D.tiring 5. A．courage B.curiosity C.creativity D.confidence 6. A．out B.on C.into D.off Passage 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 Genius kids often have in-depth knowledge in a certain area. Every parent hopes his or her child is special. But how can you tell if your little one is more than just 1 ? The following are some signs to look out for. ●Great language skills One of the first signs often shows up very early. The language skills of gifted children may be far ahead of their age. Many 2 a rich vocabulary (词汇量) and start speaking in long sentences at an early age. ●Love for reading Genius kids often pick up reading early, sometimes long before other children their age, and they read simply for 3 . If your child is working through book after book, he or she may well be a genius! ●Curiosity about the world Smart kids are interested in the world around them, but real geniuses are extremely curious about how everything works. Gifted children may shower their parents with “Why?” questions all day long, so their parents must have good 4 ! ● 5 knowledge of a favorite topic Genius kids can tell you the name of every dinosaur or explain how a car engine works. As Science Daily puts it, “A genius kid is someone who, by the age of about 11, understands a field almost like an adult.” ●Leadership skills Many geniuses grow into leaders. Gifted children often take charge, solve problems creatively and guide others with confidence. They aren’t afraid to lead a team 6 they have a clear sense of direction and trust their own judgment. 1. A．smart B.strong C.healthy D.pretty 2. A．spread B.appreciate C.develop D.invent 3. A．examination B.fun C.record D.honor 4. A．luck B.taste C.patience D.health 5. A．Limited B.Detailed C.Basic D.Traditional 6. A．unless B.but C.though D.as Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海金山·期中） Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Throughout history, curiosity has been the driving force behind some of the most important 1 . Take Galileo, for example. As a young man, he was curious about the stars and planets. While others believed the Earth was the center of the universe, Galileo 2 if that was true. He built a telescope to observe the sky and found that the Earth orbits the sun—a discovery that revolutionized science. Another example is Marie Curie, who was curious about unknown elements. She spent years studying radioactive materials, even when many people thought it was a waste of time. Her curiosity 3 the discovery of radium, which has helped save millions of lives through cancer treatment. Curiosity isn’t just for famous scientists. It’s part of everyday life. A teacher in a small village noticed her students were curious about plants. Instead of just telling them facts, she encouraged them to grow their own. The students began asking questions: Why do some plants need more water? How do they make food? Through 4 , they learned more than any textbook could teach. 5 , research shows that curious people are more successful in life. They’re better at solving problems and adapting to new situations. This is because curiosity makes the brain more 6 and ready to learn. When we’re curious, we pay more attention and remember information better. So, the next time you wonder “why” or “how,” don’t ignore it. Follow your curiosity—it might just lead you to something amazing. 1. A．discoveries B.invitations C.advantages D.journeys 2. A．agreed B.wondered C.complained D.warned 3. A．led to B.connected to C.belonged to D.sent to 4. A．rating B.treating C.exploring D.recording 5. A．In conclusion B.However C.Therefore D.In fact 6. A．vivid B.precious C.active D.aware Passage 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·上海·期中） Throughout history, curiosity has been the driving force behind some of the most important 1 . Take Galileo, for example. As a young man, he was curious about the stars and planets. While others believed the Earth was the center of the universe, Galileo 2 if that was true. He built a telescope to observe the sky and found that the Earth orbits the sun—a discovery that revolutionized science. Another example is Marie Curie, who was curious about unknown elements. She spent years studying radioactive materials, even when many people thought it was a waste of time. Her curiosity 3 the discovery of radium, which has helped save millions of lives through cancer treatment. Curiosity isn’t just for famous scientists. It’s part of everyday life. A teacher in a small village noticed her students were curious about plants. Instead of just telling them facts, she encouraged them to grow their own. The students began asking questions: Why do some plants need more water? How do they make food? Through 4 , they learned more than any textbook could teach. 5 , research shows that curious people are more successful in life. They’re better at solving problems and adapting to new situations. This is because curiosity makes the brain more 6 and ready to learn. When we’re curious, we pay more attention and remember information better. So, the next time you wonder “why” or “how,” don’t ignore it. Follow your curiosity—it might just lead you to something amazing. 1. A．achievements B.invitations C.advantages D.journeys 2. A．agreed B.wondered C.complained D.warned 3. A．led to B.connected to C.belonged to D.sent to 4. A．rating B.treating C.exploring D.recording 5. A．In conclusion B.However C.Therefore D.In fact 6. A．vivid B.precious C.active D.square Passage 5 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级上·全国·期末） Being curious about the world around you can boost your confidence. As a new school year begins, opening your mind to new people and experiences will help you make friends and 1 new interests. Don’t worry about it—have a go! Having an open mind and being curious means trying to understand other people’s thoughts and ideas, even if you don’t always 2 them. It also means trying new experiences and exploring different ways of doing things. You can have an open mind about anything. The new school term means there are plenty of opportunities to open your mind, find a new activity to try, make new friends and in the process, learn more about yourself. There are lots of 3 to being open-minded. Kendra Cherry is an author and expert in feelings, and she says it helps you learn new things about the world and the people around you. This makes you feel more confident and 4 about facing challenges. Having an interest in other people gives you more empathy, which means you understand and share their feelings, says Cherry. Being open to fresh ideas can also create exciting new ones of your own. Start by asking questions, says Cherry. So if you’re unsure about joining a new club, ask yourself what’s stopping you. Imagine how it feels to learn a new skill, meet new people and make friends. Don’t jump to a sudden 5 but give yourself time to think about it first. If someone says something you disagree with, then instead of deciding they are 6 or arguing back, take a moment to consider why they have that opinion. Finally, open your mind to new ideas. Even if you think you’re an expert on a subject, there is always more you can learn. 1. A．spread B.touch C.develop D.hide 2. A．argue with B.agree with C.cooperate with D.deal with 3. A．directions B.conditions C.opinions D.advantages 4. A．familiar B.pleased C.careful D.positive 5. A．decision B.understanding C.imagination D.discussion 6. A．right B.wrong C.perfect D.dramatic Passage 6 阅读下面材料，在空白处选择A、B、C、D中最恰当的答案。 （25-26八年级下·上海浦东新·期末） If you can’t understand what the teacher says in class, what would you do? Some students just let it go. So the next time they meet similar questions, they still make 1 . But Katie doesn’t. After class, she always asks the teacher to explain again. Sometimes she 2 her notes, reads related books in the library, or even watches videos online until she really understands. And yes, she does really well in her studies. You might think she is hard-working, but actually, she is just curious enough. Curious people want to learn more about the world and keep asking why. Many great discoveries in history were made by curious people. 3 you don’t plan to become an inventor or a researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. When you are curious, you develop a real love for knowledge and will be 4 active in the learning process. In this way, being curious can help you make much progress in your studies. Some students are not sure if curiosity is useful. In their eyes, being curious about some questions takes up too much time and stops them from learning other things. But research shows they may be wrong. Some researchers once gave students a memory test on geographical facts. When students were curious about one topic, they could remember the facts 5 and better. According to a follow-up study, with a sense of achievement, these students would like to try harder to learn other things. It’s OK if you are not naturally very curious. Curiosity can be built through practice. Experts suggest asking more questions in class or in daily life, because every question helps you understand things better. Also, try to get different information by reading different kinds of books, watching videos or lectures, and talking with people who know more than you. Stay open-minded and never stop 6 . That’s how you keep your curiosity alive. 1. A．choices B.decisions C.mistakes D.plans 2. A．reviews B.copies C.misses D.drops 3. A．Because B.Even if C.Unless D.As if 4. A．hardly B.fully C.partly D.nearly 5. A．faster B.slower C.later D.worse 6. A．worrying B.shouting C.complaining D.wondering 16 / 16zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $