考前押题08 任务型阅读（期中专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版

考前押题08 任务型阅读 话题1 爱好与放松方式 话题2 疾病、健康生活与安全（常考点） 话题3 成长家庭与社交（重点） 话题4 探索自然 ①先看题目要求，明确任务类型； ②阅读时边读边圈画关键信息，尤其是人名、数字、时间； ③回答问题类：答案尽可能用文中原句或做适当改写； ④填空类：注意所填词的词形与上下文保持一致； ⑤翻译句子类：注意时态、语态和关键词的准确翻译，确保句子通顺； ⑥要注意是否有字数要求。 ⑦检查答案时，确保信息完整准确。 话题1 爱好与放松方式 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东泰安·阶段检测）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Free-time activities play an important role in our personal growth. My hobby is jogging. I started it two years ago because I wanted to keep healthy. Now I often go jogging in the park near my home every weekend. I enjoy jogging because it makes me relaxed and strong. It also helps me stay energetic and forget unhappy things. From jogging, I learn that keeping doing something good can make me better. It brings me great joy and makes my daily life colorful. Let’s do meaningful activities and keep healthy. 1．What is the writer’s hobby? 2．When did the writer start jogging? 3．Where does the writer often go jogging? 4．What advantages can jogging bring to the writer? (写出两点) 5．What does the writer learn from jogging? （二） Although we now have more free time than before, it seems that we don’t feel that way. We may often waste time on phones or other things. And lots of information and pictures make us tired. Then we don’t have enough time to relax. To make ourselves really relaxed, we need to spend our free time well. Here are some useful ways. Think about your favourite activities. Do you want to exercise, go on a trip or just relax yourself? Think about the activities that you like to do in your free time. Plan your time well and make sure you can really enjoy yourself. Try something new. Don’t always play games in your free time. Do something more meaningful. You can try painting, cooking or something else. Doing something new can be an exciting way of spending your free time. Put your phone away. It’s important to put your phone away because if you keep it close to you, it can make your heart beat faster with all kinds of messages. This will make it harder for you to enjoy your free time. Meet new people. Join a club to meet people with similar interests. You can talk to and learn from different people. It can make your life more colourful. Help others in need. Spending your free time helping people in need will make you feel good. Visit the old people or help at a children’s club. You know, helping others is helping ourselves. 1．Why don’t we have enough time to relax? 2．What’s the first way to spend free time well in the text? 3．What will happen if we put our phones close to us? 4．How can we meet new people with similar interests? 5．What can you do to help others in need? (Your answer should be different from the underlined one.) （三） I’m Julia. I love dancing, so I joined the Dance Club. For the past two weeks, I’ve been learning a dance called Irish dancing. In this dance, you move your legs and head a lot, but you have to keep your arms still (静止的). There are so many steps to remember! My arms moved when my legs were moving, which made me feel that I was just not suited for this kind of dance. One day, Madeline, an Irish girl, told me something about Irish dancing. She said, “We’ve been keeping our arms down in this kind of dance for a long time. It’s easy for us. Maybe you can try putting your hands behind your back when you practise.” Her idea sounded helpful, so I gave it a try. She was really kind and even taught me some simpler steps. Thanks to her, I improved quickly. Madeline is such a nice person! I hope to keep getting better with her help. I’m happy that through this hobby, I not only learn a new dance but also make a good friend. 1．Why did Julia join the Dance Club? 2．In Irish dancing, how do the dancers’ arms have to be kept when they move their legs and heads? 3．What made Julia feel that she was not suited for Irish dancing? 4．What did Julia think of Madeline according to the text? 5．What does Julia’s story mainly tell us? （四） （26-27八年级上·四川泸州·开学考试）读短文，根据短文内容摘录相关信息（一空一词）。 Reading books is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First, reading books is fun. You can always enjoy yourself if you like reading. This is especially useful when the weather is bad. It is a relaxing way, too. You can really become lost in a book. Next, you can read a book almost any place: in a car, in a waiting-room, on a plane, in bed, even in the bath. Reading is convenient (方便的) as it is easy to stop and then start again. Thirdly, it is helpful to read books. If you read as a hobby, you will get better and better at it. This means that you will read faster and become better at understanding what you read. As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork much easier. Some people say that reading is out of date (过时的). This is not true. You have to read on the Internet. And the better you read, the better your computer skills will be. Good readers are most likely to be good writers, too. They are usually good at spelling words and have more things to write about. A good 16 —reading 17 You can enjoy yourself if you like it. You can really become lost in a book. Convenient You can read at any time and any 18 as you like. Helpful It can help you understand the 19 more easily. It can help writers 20 right words and have more things to write about （五） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Nowadays, more and more adults are going back to school—but not during the day. Instead, they are attending night schools! The night school is a great place for adults to have fun and learn new things after work. Night schools offer all kinds of classes. Some teach you how to paint. 52-year-old Yang Li from Changsha is a case in point. After starting Chinese painting classes at a night school, she has begun dressing in brighter colours. Other classes teach you how to play musical instruments. Wang Haodong, a 24-year-old community worker, learns to play the guitar at night. He says, “The classes are a great gift to young people. When I lose myself in music, the day's stress disappears.” Some adults also go to night schools to keep up with the fast-changing world. For example, Yang Baohua, a 46-year-old industrial worker, took AI classes because he wanted to find a better job. Night schools are becoming popular in many cities across China. In Changsha, the classes are not expensive, costing only 30 to 60 yuan for one class. In Shanghai, over 2,300 classes will be offered in the coming autumn term. Attending night schools is a great way for adults to enjoy learning and start a second life. 1．What is a great place for adults to have fun after work now? 2．Who learns to play the guitar at a night school to reduce stress according to the text? 3．Why did Yang Baohua go to a night school to learn about AI? 4．How much do two night school classes cost in Changsha? 5．What new things will you try at night schools when you grow up? Why? 话题2 疾病健康与安全 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东淄博·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 On November 26, 2025, a terrible fire broke out (爆发) in Hung Fuk Court, Hong Kong. The fire started from the outside of the buildings and spread very fast. Easy-to-burn materials made the fire get bigger quickly. This fire caused great losses. Many people were hurt, and some even lost their lives. Firefighters worked hard to put out the fire and save people. This unexpected event tells us that fire safety is very important for everyone. To keep safe from fires, we should do well in daily prevention (预防) first. Don’t put easy-to-burn things like old clothes or paper boxes on balconies or stairs, as they can easily catch fire. Remember to turn off electrical tools such as phone chargers (充电器) and lights when you don’t use them. If a fire really happens, stay calm and don’t panic. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to keep smoke out, and use stairs instead of lifts because lifts may get stuck during a fire. If you can’t run away, go to a room with a window. First close the door tightly and fill gaps (缝隙) with wet cloth. Then wave bright clothes at the window to ask for help. Also, it’s necessary to remember the fire exit routes (路线) of your home or school and take fire drills (消防演练) seriously. Fire safety is a life-saving skill that can help us protect ourselves and our families. 1．When did the terrible fire break out in Hung Fuk Court, Hong Kong? 2．What should we do in our daily life to prevent fires? List at least one point. 3．What does “they” refer to? 4．What should we do first after entering a room during a fire? 5．What can we learn from this passage? （二） （26-27八年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）Do you go to school by bus? It is very important for you to know how to be safe when taking a bus, whether you like it or not. First, don’t run to the bus stop, but walk. When you are at the bus stop, you should wait in a safe place. Don’t run or play while waiting. Second, don’t talk loudly when you are on the bus, so the driver will not be disturbed (打扰). If you need to talk with the bus driver, you’d better wait until the bus stops. Never throw things on the bus or out of the windows. Never play near the emergency exit (紧急出口). When there is a fire, the most important thing is to break the window with a hammer (锤子) or any sharp thing and then jump out. Third, when you are getting off the bus, make sure you walk (not run) three more steps away from the door. This is the best place to be around a bus. Stay away from the bus wheels and watch out for moving cars! 根据短文内容，完成同义句转换，每空一词。 1．When going to the bus stop, you’d better instead of . 2． getting on the bus, in a safe place. 3．If the bus you are taking is on , the window and jumping out is the most important. 4．When getting off the bus, walk three steps away from the door because that is considered as the place to be around a bus. （三） （26-27八年级上·山东淄博·阶段检测）Children know that summer is probably the most interesting of all seasons. However, experts say this season is the most dangerous, especially for children aged 14 and under. In a study of children’s safety in the US, researchers found that nearly half of the injury-related (与受伤相关的) deaths among children happened in summer. Experts are not surprised by the study’s results. They always know summer is a dangerous season for children. During the summer, children are out of school and spend more time outdoors. They are more likely to get into an accident or be injured. “While we encourage children to be active and spend more time outdoors, they need to understand the importance of safety,” said an expert. To help children ________, the “Make Kids’ Summer Safe” campaign was started during Safe Kids Week, from 7 May to 13 May. Here are some important summer safety tips from the campaign. ●Always wear your seat belt. ●Wear a life jacket when on a boat or doing water sport. ●Obey all traffic rules. ●Don’t meet e-pals alone. 1．Which season is the most dangerous for children aged 14 and under according to the experts? 2．Are experts surprised by the study’s results? 3．What do children need to understand if we encourage them to spend more time outdoors? 4．How many summer safety tips given by the campaign are mentioned in the passage? 5．Complete the sentence in Paragraph 3 with proper words. （四） （25-26八年级上·重庆合川·期中）阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Liu Xu, a boy of 13 years old, was riding home when a man suddenly jumped out from the roadside. He pulled Liu off his bike and took the bike away. Liu was frightened. He didn’t run after the man, but he called the police. “Safety (安全) comes first in such a situation,” Liu said, remembering what his teacher had told him in his first aid class. “It is not safe to run after a stronger adult (成年人).” Liu is a student at a middle school in Guangdong. His school is one of the first schools in China to have first aid education. All the students in his school must take the class once a week. In those first aid classes, the students can learn how to protect (保护) and save themselves in dangerous situations. Teenager safety has become a serious problem. According to a survey, about 16,000 teenagers die from drowning (溺水), food poisoning (中毒) and traffic accidents every year. So it is necessary (有必要的) for us students to learn more about first aid. Liu Xu’s experience He was going home 40 . Suddenly a man pulled him off his bike and took away the bike. Liu Xu didn’t run after the man but he called the police, because he remembered 41 about safety in his first aid class. Liu Xu’s lessons at school All the students in Liu Xu’s school must take the first aid class once a week so that they can protect and save themselves when they are 42 . Importance of first aid lessons Teenager safety has become a serious problem. So students 43 these lessons to keep themselves safe. （五） （25-26八年级上·甘肃兰州·期中）根据短文内容，完成以下任务。 If you have a pet, you know how much fun it can be: watching little fish swim in a tank, or seeing a dog catch a ball in its mouth. Kids who like outdoor activities can tell you how exciting it is to see their favorite birds. Animals can be great fun, ①________ it’s important to know how to avoid (避免) danger when you’re with them. · In the countryside The rule in the countryside is simple: don’t touch or go near an animal. Although some of these animals may look cool or even cute, leave them alone. Don’t ever try to feed a wild animal. It’s OK to feed birds, but you shouldn’t feed other animals②________ when they look very hungry. When it comes to these animals, it’s better to check them out at the zoo, on the Internet, on TV nature shows, or in books. · Playing safely with pets Pets can’t tell you if they’re upset or scared, so they show you. They might do this by biting or scratching (抓). To avoid bites and scratches, you should do as follows: Never touch a pet when it’s eating or sleeping. Never try to get near a pet with its babies. Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. When pulling a lizard (蜥蜴) or a snake from the tank, do it slowly and carefully. Then wash your hands right away because such animals can carry bacteria (细菌) on their skin. 1．在①、②处 分别填上适当的词，使句子通顺正确。 ① ② 2．把划线部分的句子译成中文。 3．在文中找出与所给句子意思相近的句子。 A mother animal will bite to protect her babies if you get too close. 4．回答问题: What should you do after touching a lizard or a snake? 5．请根据文章内容，写出本文的主题句 话题3 成长家庭与社交 （一） People sometimes think “what if something goes wrong?” It’s normal to have these “what-if” thoughts. We need to understand these kinds of thoughts and deal with them, so that we will be less worried. Worrying about the future is a common thing in life. Sometimes, everyone will think about what will happen if things don’t go as we want. For example, “What if I make a mistake?” or “What if people laugh at me?” These “what-if” thoughts are all about bad results. When we spend a lot of time thinking about bad things that might happen, we are imagining the future as a disaster. Thinking too much about “what-if” makes us feel anxious and worried. For example, we may feel sad and it’s hard to focus on what we are doing. There are different ways to help ourselves. Angela McMillan suggests making an “if/then” plan. She says, “For example, if you have to speak in front of the class, then you can take a few deep breaths and tell yourself that you are ready and it’s okay. Or if a social event is too noisy and you feel uncomfortable, then you can go outside for a few minutes.” We can also ask ourselves how possible it is for something to really happen. Angela McMillan points out that most of our worries don’t actually happen. She says, “Remember, these are just thoughts. The bravest thing we can do is not to let worry control us.” We should try to pay attention to what we are doing. Being angry with ourselves will make us feel worse. So we should be nice to ourselves. 1．How can people be less worried about “what-if” thoughts? 2．How will we feel if we think too much about bad results? 3．According to Angela McMillan, what can you do at a noisy and uncomfortable social event? 4．Will the things we are worried about always come true? 5．What do you think of Angela McMillan’s suggestion? （二） What color of wearing do you like? Do you know “dopamine dressing (多巴胺穿搭)”? It has been one of the most talked about fashion trends (趋势) since 2023. However, is there any science behind this? “Dopamine dressing” came out from the book Dress Your Best Life. American fashion psychologist (心理学家) Dawnn Karen wrote this book in 2020. In the book, dopamine dressing is about wearing colorful clothing to get more dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical (化学物质) in our brain. This kind of chemical makes people feel good. Our brain gives it out when we do things that can make us happy or feel a sense of achievement. According to Science Focus Magazine, there are studies that show a relationship between the colors of the clothes we wear and how we act and feel. One study found that wearing red can bring better physical performance. It also showed bright colors can make people feel active. One more study showed that wearing green can help people relax because it is the color of nature. Yellow, the color of summer and warmth, can bring people happiness. But there are some problems with these studies, as people from different cultures have different ideas about dressing and colors. In a word, “dopamine dressing” shows that we can wear colorful clothes to get more dopamine and feel good. Dressing is more than just a trend. It’s also a way of showing ourselves. So, next time you’re getting dressed, think about which colors will bring out the best in yourself. 1．What is “dopamine dressing” according to the text? 2．When does our brain give dopamine out? 3．Why can wearing green help people relax according to a study? 4．How do people feel when they wear yellow? 5．Do you like dopamine dressing? Why? （三） Stress is a common problem for students. Too much stress is bad for your health. Here are some ways to deal with stress. First, do some exercise. Exercise helps your body relax. Second, listen to music. Soft music can make you feel calm. Third, talk to your friends or family. They can give you good advice. Fourth, get enough sleep. A tired body is easier to get stressed. Remember, a little stress is normal. But if you feel too stressed, don’t keep it to yourself. 任务一：根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F) 1．Too much stress is bad for your health. 2．Loud music can make you feel calm. 3．A tired body is easier to get stressed. 任务二：回答问题 4．How many ways to deal with stress are mentioned? 5．What should you do if you feel too stressed? （四） Whenever the exam season comes, stress may come along. Here are some ways that can help me and my friends go through this season. When the stress of exams is really hitting me, I stop and take a walk. I usually walk my dog for about fifteen minutes. Many boys would simply choose to run for a while, or play ball games. All these help drive away your stress easily most of the time. And if you find music helpful, give it a go. Listening to your favourite songs will surely make you feel relaxed. The best thing is that you just need to stay where you are quietly and enjoy it. But if you are a book lover just like me, read a book you like for half an hour. Reading can take you to places you’ve never been to. Putting yourself into a new world helps you forget your stress in this world for a little bit. For sure, there’s nothing better than laughing. It can really keep worry off your mind! Very often I call my best friends and we talk about our good times or something funny on the phone, and I’m feeling better because I laugh a lot. Remember many others also face the problem of stress just like you, and it is not something impossible to solve.          Task Ⅰ: Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words.（每空不超过3个词） 64 of Going Through the Exam Season Doing sports ·Take a walk. ·Run. ·Play ball games. Listening to music ·It will 65 ·You don’t have to move. Reading books ·It can take you to places you’ve never been to. ·It can take you to a 66 and help you forget your stress for a little bit. Laughing ·Laughing is the best thing to 67 your mind. ·Call your friends and talk about your 68 or something funny. You are not alone—many others face the problem too. And it’s possible for you to deal with it. Task Ⅱ:Answer the following questions. How long should you read a book to forget your stress? 1 How many ways can help you go through the exam season? 2 Do you have the stress of exams?How do you deal with it? Tell your ways in about 20 words. 3 （五） What can you do when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or even fight with the one who hurts them. But it’s not a good idea. ①最好的方式就是原谅他或者她。 Although it is not easy for us to forgive people who hurt us, it is possible. “Forgiveness makes people hopeful. And it is good for our health,” says Frederic, Ph. D．, who is the writer of the book called Forgive for Good. But how can we forgive others? First, think of something beautiful and try to get yourself happy. Second, don’t wait for others to say sorry to you. ②Third, try to see things in others’ shoes. That can make you understand others better and make yourself happier. Finally, don’t forget to forgive yourself. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. And it also makes you more confident. 根据短文内容完成下列各题。 1．What may most people do when someone hurts them? 2．将画线①处译成英语。 3．Who is the writer of the book called Forgive for Good? 4．将画线②处译成汉语。 5．How many ways does the writer offer us? 话题4 探索自然 （一） Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, which is 8,848.86 metres high. It’s called “the Roof of the World”. But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on the earth which is 5,895 metres above sea level, so it is often called “the Roof of Africa”. Climbers’ dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro It is one of the world’s highest “walkable” mountains. People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain’s two “dry” seasons, January to March and June to October. If they want to reach the top of it, they can climb in the rainy season too, but the weather condition may not be good and it may be difficult to achieve. The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro It’s believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. Through hard work, they successfully reached the top of the mountain on 6th October, 1889. The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro Even though it is hot there, the top of the mountain is covered with ice and snow the whole year. There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago, but a study said that it might disappear. One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming. The high temperature is making the ice on Mount Kilimanjaro melt. The beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is disappearing quickly. 1．How high is Mount Kilimanjaro? 2．Who were the first people to reach the top of Mount Kilimanjaro? 3．How long ago did the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro form? 4．What might cause the disappearance of the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro according to the passage? 5．When is the best time for many people to climb Mount Kilimanjaro? （二） There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, some are small, but they are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its dramatic yellow-hued waters and thunderous roar, it is the second-largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. 1．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? 2．Where is Sanxia Waterfall? 3．Is Hukou Waterfall the largest waterfall in China? 4．Which waterfall do you like best? Why? （三） （25-26八年级下·湖南常德·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Located in Africa, the Sahara Desert covers 30 per cent of the whole continent. Known as “the great desert” in Arabic, it is about 9 million square kilometres in size, with a history of over 4.6 million years, making it one of the oldest places in the world. As the world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara is extremely dry and hot all year round. And most of the Sahara is rocky land. Life in the Sahara is difficult. Around 2 million people live in this area. 但是他们必须尽全力活下来。They usually move from place to place. There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round. Few animals can live in a place with such a dry and hot climate. Camels can live for a long time without water, and can drink over 100 litres of water in just 13 minutes. Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. Today, the Sahara is getting even bigger. It is 10 per cent larger than it was a century ago. But why is it growing? Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls. Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier. If we do not take effective measures, the desert will keep growing! 1．How old is the Sahara Desert according to the passage? 2．What special ability do fennec foxes have to live in the hot desert? 3．Why is the Sahara Desert becoming bigger and bigger these days? 4．What can we humans do to stop the desert from growing? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成英文。 （四） 阅读短文，根据短文内容，在短文后的空格里填入最恰当的单词 (每空限填一词)。 Deserts may seem lifeless, but in fact many kinds of living things have developed special ways to live in the terrible environments. More than one billion people actually live in desert areas. A place that receives less than 25 cm of rain every year is called a desert. More than one-fifth of the earth’s land area is the desert. Only about 20% of deserts are covered by sand. Some have mountains, rocks or lakes. The hottest desert in the world, the Sahara Desert, even reached temperatures of up to 56℃. But some deserts are always cold, like the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is colder than any other desert in the world. The coldest recorded temperature there is about −89℃. The driest desert, Chile’s Atacama Desert, has parts that receive less than 2 mm of rain a year. Desert animals have their own ways to keep cool and use less water. Camels can go for weeks and don’t need to drink any water. Many desert animals, such as desert foxes, only come out to find food when the sun goes down. Most desert animals spend much of their time underground to keep cool. Desert plants may have to live without freshwater for years at a time. Some plants grow long roots that get water from deep in the earth. Other plants have roots that spread out a long way so they can receive the rain as soon as it falls, such as cacti. Life is hard for animals and plants in the desert. But they've got used to the life there. Deserts Definition (定义) Places that receive less than 25 cm of rain every year. Facts  Deserts 91 over one-fifth of the earth’s land area.  Only about 20% of deserts are covered by sand. Some have mountains, rocks or lakes. Examples  The hottest desert—the Sahara Desert.  The 92 desert—the Antarctic Ice Sheet.  The driest desert—the Atacama Desert. Special living ways For animals  Some, like camels, can walk for weeks 93 drinking any water.  Some, like desert foxes, won’t go out to find food 94 the sun goes down.  Some stay underground to keep cool. For plants  Some grow long roots to 95 water from deep in the earth.  Some, like cacti, have roots that spread out a long way to get water as soon as it rains. （五） Twenty percent of all the water that goes into oceans around the world comes from one river—the Amazon River. The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. It travels about 6,440 kilometers to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest river in the world. It is also the second longest. Most of the Amazon’s water comes from rain. During the rainy season, parts of the river are 190 kilometers wide. The Amazon River goes through the world’s largest rainforest. The Amazon rainforest is home to the highest number of plant and animal species (种类) on earth. There are 2.5 million kinds of insects, such as the world’s largest ant. At least 3,000 kinds of fish live there, and one-fifth of all the bird species in the world. Some of the Amazon’s animals are dangerous, such as the anaconda (水蚺), the largest snake in the world. But there are also gentle animals, like the sloth (树懒) and the pink dolphin. The Amazon is very important to the Earth. There are still many kinds of animals and plants there that we don’t know about. If we lose the Amazon, we will lose a big part of life on earth. 1．What is the largest river in the world? 2．Where does the Amazon River begin? 3．How many kinds of insects are there in the Amazon River? 4．What other things do you know about the Amazon Rainforest? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 思维拓展 6．How much water that goes into oceans around the world comes from the Amazon River? A．20%. B．80%. C．We don’t know. 7．What animals are gentle? _______ A．Snakes. B．Anacondas. C．Sloths and dolphins. （25-26八年级下·福建厦门·期末）阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。 Have you ever seen cute pixel art made of tiny plastic beads (珠)? That’s perler beads, or “pindou” in China, and it’s taking the youth by storm! This craft started in Sweden back in the 1970s, first made to help older people stay active and fight loneliness during cold winters. Now, it’s a hot trend among Chinese teens—during the Spring Festival, workshop bookings jumped by over 9,000 percent! Why do young people love it so much? First, it’s a great way to relax. When you focus on placing each bead carefully, you will enter a “flow” state that calms your mind and brings joy. Second, it gives a sense of control. In a fast-changing world, following a simple pattern and seeing a clear, finished result feels safe and satisfying. Perler beads also help people connect. After finishing a piece, many share their works online and get likes from friends. Some even meet up at bead studios to create together, enjoying light, happy social time. It’s more than just a craft—it’s a simple, creative way for young people to relax, feel in control, and bond with others. 1．When did perler beads first start in Sweden? 2．What state will you enter when you focus on placing each bead carefully? 3．How many reasons are mentioned for why young Chinese love perler beads in Paragraph 2? 4．What do many people do after finishing a piece of perler beads? 5．Would you like to try perler beads as a hobby? Why or why not? (No more than 15 words) 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题08 任务型阅读 话题1 爱好与放松方式 话题2 疾病、健康生活与安全（常考点） 话题3 成长家庭与社交（重点） 话题4 探索自然 ①先看题目要求，明确任务类型； ②阅读时边读边圈画关键信息，尤其是人名、数字、时间； ③回答问题类：答案尽可能用文中原句或做适当改写； ④填空类：注意所填词的词形与上下文保持一致； ⑤翻译句子类：注意时态、语态和关键词的准确翻译，确保句子通顺； ⑥要注意是否有字数要求。 ⑦检查答案时，确保信息完整准确。 话题1 爱好与放松方式 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东泰安·阶段检测）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Free-time activities play an important role in our personal growth. My hobby is jogging. I started it two years ago because I wanted to keep healthy. Now I often go jogging in the park near my home every weekend. I enjoy jogging because it makes me relaxed and strong. It also helps me stay energetic and forget unhappy things. From jogging, I learn that keeping doing something good can make me better. It brings me great joy and makes my daily life colorful. Let’s do meaningful activities and keep healthy. 1．What is the writer’s hobby? 2．When did the writer start jogging? 3．Where does the writer often go jogging? 4．What advantages can jogging bring to the writer? (写出两点) 5．What does the writer learn from jogging? 【答案】1．Jogging. 2．Two years ago. 3．In the park near his/her home. 4．It makes him/her relaxed and strong. It also helps him/her stay energetic. 5．Keeping doing something good can make him/her better. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己慢跑这一爱好，讲述开始慢跑的原因、慢跑的地点以及慢跑带来的好处与感悟。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段“My hobby is jogging.”，可知作者的爱好是慢跑。 2．根据原文第二段“I started it two years ago because I wanted to keep healthy.”，可知作者两年前开始慢跑。 3．根据原文第二段“Now I often go jogging in the park near my home every weekend.”，可知作者经常在家附近的公园里慢跑。 4．根据原文第二段“I enjoy jogging because it makes me relaxed and strong. It also helps me stay energetic and forget unhappy things.”，可知慢跑可以让作者放松、强壮，也能让人保持精力充沛，忘掉不开心的事（任选两点）。 5．根据原文第三段“From jogging, I learn that keeping doing something good can make me better.”，可知作者从慢跑中学到坚持做有益的事能让自己变得更好。 （二） Although we now have more free time than before, it seems that we don’t feel that way. We may often waste time on phones or other things. And lots of information and pictures make us tired. Then we don’t have enough time to relax. To make ourselves really relaxed, we need to spend our free time well. Here are some useful ways. Think about your favourite activities. Do you want to exercise, go on a trip or just relax yourself? Think about the activities that you like to do in your free time. Plan your time well and make sure you can really enjoy yourself. Try something new. Don’t always play games in your free time. Do something more meaningful. You can try painting, cooking or something else. Doing something new can be an exciting way of spending your free time. Put your phone away. It’s important to put your phone away because if you keep it close to you, it can make your heart beat faster with all kinds of messages. This will make it harder for you to enjoy your free time. Meet new people. Join a club to meet people with similar interests. You can talk to and learn from different people. It can make your life more colourful. Help others in need. Spending your free time helping people in need will make you feel good. Visit the old people or help at a children’s club. You know, helping others is helping ourselves. 1．Why don’t we have enough time to relax? 2．What’s the first way to spend free time well in the text? 3．What will happen if we put our phones close to us? 4．How can we meet new people with similar interests? 5．What can you do to help others in need? (Your answer should be different from the underlined one.) 【答案】1．Because we may often waste time on phones or other things, and lots of information and pictures make us tired. 2．Think about your favourite activities. 3．All kinds of messages can make our hearts beat faster, and it will make it harder for us to enjoy our free time. 4．We can join a club. 5．We can give food to homeless people.（示例答案） 【导语】本文介绍了几种有效利用空闲时间、真正放松自己的方法：做自己喜爱的事、尝试新鲜事物、远离手机、结识志同道合的人以及帮助有需要的人。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段“We may often waste time on phones or other things. And lots of information and pictures make us tired. Then we don’t have enough time to relax.”可知，我们经常把时间浪费在手机或者别的事情上，大量信息和图片也让我们疲惫，所以没有足够时间放松，属于原文信息提取。 2．根据第二段中“Think about your favourite activities.”可知，文章给出了第一个合理利用空闲时间的办法。 3．根据第四段中“It’s important to put your phone away because if you keep it close to you, it can make your heart beat faster with all kinds of messages. This will make it harder for you to enjoy your free time.”可知，手机放在身边带来的后果，各类消息会让心跳加快，让我们更难享受空闲时光，直接摘抄原文要点。 4．根据第五段中“Join a club to meet people with similar interests”可知，想要认识兴趣相同的人，可以加入俱乐部，是原文信息提取。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，不能使用文中给出的看望老人、儿童俱乐部帮忙的例子，只要写出合理帮助他人的行为即可。 （三） I’m Julia. I love dancing, so I joined the Dance Club. For the past two weeks, I’ve been learning a dance called Irish dancing. In this dance, you move your legs and head a lot, but you have to keep your arms still (静止的). There are so many steps to remember! My arms moved when my legs were moving, which made me feel that I was just not suited for this kind of dance. One day, Madeline, an Irish girl, told me something about Irish dancing. She said, “We’ve been keeping our arms down in this kind of dance for a long time. It’s easy for us. Maybe you can try putting your hands behind your back when you practise.” Her idea sounded helpful, so I gave it a try. She was really kind and even taught me some simpler steps. Thanks to her, I improved quickly. Madeline is such a nice person! I hope to keep getting better with her help. I’m happy that through this hobby, I not only learn a new dance but also make a good friend. 1．Why did Julia join the Dance Club? 2．In Irish dancing, how do the dancers’ arms have to be kept when they move their legs and heads? 3．What made Julia feel that she was not suited for Irish dancing? 4．What did Julia think of Madeline according to the text? 5．What does Julia’s story mainly tell us? 【答案】1．Because she loves dancing. 2．The dancers’ arms have to be kept still. 3．Her arms moved when her legs were moving, which made her feel that she was not suited for it. 4．She thought Madeline was kind. 5．Hobbies can bring new skills and friends. 【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia因热爱舞蹈而进入舞蹈社团学习, 在爱尔兰女孩Madeline的帮助下, 取得快速进步, 并最终收获友谊的故事。 【详解】1．根据第一段“I love dancing, so I joined the Dance Club.”可知, Julia加入舞蹈俱乐部是因为她喜欢舞蹈。故填Because she loves dancing. 2．根据第二段“For the past two weeks, I’ve been learning a dance called Irish dancing. In this dance, you move your legs and head a lot, but you have to keep your arms still.”可知, 在爱尔兰舞中, 当舞者移动腿和头时, 手臂必须保持静止。故填The dancers’ arms have to be kept still. 3．根据第二段“My arms moved when my legs were moving, which made me feel that I was just not suited for this kind of dance.”可知, Julia的腿在动的时候, 胳膊也会跟着动, 这让她觉得她不适合跳爱尔兰舞。故填Her arms moved when her legs were moving, which made her feel that she was not suited for it. 4．根据第三段“She was really kind”和第四段“Madeline is such a nice person!”可知, Julia认为Madeline很友善并且很好心。故填She thought Madeline was kind. 5．根据第四段“I’m happy that through this hobby, I not only learn a new dance but also make a good friend.”可知, Julia的故事主要告诉我们, 爱好可以带来新技能和朋友。故填Hobbies can bring new skills and friends. （四） （26-27八年级上·四川泸州·开学考试）读短文，根据短文内容摘录相关信息（一空一词）。 Reading books is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First, reading books is fun. You can always enjoy yourself if you like reading. This is especially useful when the weather is bad. It is a relaxing way, too. You can really become lost in a book. Next, you can read a book almost any place: in a car, in a waiting-room, on a plane, in bed, even in the bath. Reading is convenient (方便的) as it is easy to stop and then start again. Thirdly, it is helpful to read books. If you read as a hobby, you will get better and better at it. This means that you will read faster and become better at understanding what you read. As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork much easier. Some people say that reading is out of date (过时的). This is not true. You have to read on the Internet. And the better you read, the better your computer skills will be. Good readers are most likely to be good writers, too. They are usually good at spelling words and have more things to write about. A good 16 —reading 17 You can enjoy yourself if you like it. You can really become lost in a book. Convenient You can read at any time and any 18 as you like. Helpful It can help you understand the 19 more easily. It can help writers 20 right words and have more things to write about 【答案】1．hobby 2．Fun 3．place 4．schoolwork 5．spell 【导语】本文主要讲述了读书是一项很好的爱好，分别从有趣、方便、有益这三个方面介绍阅读带来的好处。 【详解】1．根据第一段“Reading books is a good hobby”可知读书是一个好的爱好，hobby意为爱好，符合语境。故填hobby。 2．根据第二段“First, reading books is fun”可知读书是有趣的，fun意为有趣。小标题首字母需大写，故填Fun。 3．根据第三段“you can read a book almost any place”可知读书几乎可以在任意地点进行，place意为地点，any后接单数名词，符合语境。故填place。 4．根据第四段“As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork much easier. ”可知阅读有助于使学校功课更容易，schoolwork意为功课，符合语境。故填schoolwork。 5．根据第四段“They are usually good at spelling words”可知擅长阅读的人擅长拼写单词，spell意为拼写，固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth，此处用动词原形。故填spell。 （五） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Nowadays, more and more adults are going back to school—but not during the day. Instead, they are attending night schools! The night school is a great place for adults to have fun and learn new things after work. Night schools offer all kinds of classes. Some teach you how to paint. 52-year-old Yang Li from Changsha is a case in point. After starting Chinese painting classes at a night school, she has begun dressing in brighter colours. Other classes teach you how to play musical instruments. Wang Haodong, a 24-year-old community worker, learns to play the guitar at night. He says, “The classes are a great gift to young people. When I lose myself in music, the day's stress disappears.” Some adults also go to night schools to keep up with the fast-changing world. For example, Yang Baohua, a 46-year-old industrial worker, took AI classes because he wanted to find a better job. Night schools are becoming popular in many cities across China. In Changsha, the classes are not expensive, costing only 30 to 60 yuan for one class. In Shanghai, over 2,300 classes will be offered in the coming autumn term. Attending night schools is a great way for adults to enjoy learning and start a second life. 1．What is a great place for adults to have fun after work now? 2．Who learns to play the guitar at a night school to reduce stress according to the text? 3．Why did Yang Baohua go to a night school to learn about AI? 4．How much do two night school classes cost in Changsha? 5．What new things will you try at night schools when you grow up? Why? 【答案】1．The night school. 2．Wang Haodong. 3．Because he wanted to find a better job. 4．Only 60 to 120yuan. 5．I will try to learn to paint at a night school when I grow up because it can make my life more interesting./I will try to learn to cook at a night school when I grow up because I want to cook meals for my family./... 【导语】本文主要介绍了成人夜校开设多样课程，丰富成年人的业余生活、帮助人们提升自我，如今在国内多个城市愈发流行。 【详解】1．第一段最后一句直接说明成年人下班后休闲学习的好去处是“the night school”，答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段第六句直接说明“Wang Haodong”在夜校学吉他缓解压力，答案是原文直接信息。 3．第三段最后一句直接说明杨宝华学习人工智能是因为“wanted to find a better job”，答案是原文直接信息。 4．第四段第二句指出长沙一节课“only 30 to 60 yuan”，推算出两节课为60至120元，答案是原文推算信息。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合自身想法和夜校特点合理作答即可。 话题2 疾病健康与安全 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东淄博·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 On November 26, 2025, a terrible fire broke out (爆发) in Hung Fuk Court, Hong Kong. The fire started from the outside of the buildings and spread very fast. Easy-to-burn materials made the fire get bigger quickly. This fire caused great losses. Many people were hurt, and some even lost their lives. Firefighters worked hard to put out the fire and save people. This unexpected event tells us that fire safety is very important for everyone. To keep safe from fires, we should do well in daily prevention (预防) first. Don’t put easy-to-burn things like old clothes or paper boxes on balconies or stairs, as they can easily catch fire. Remember to turn off electrical tools such as phone chargers (充电器) and lights when you don’t use them. If a fire really happens, stay calm and don’t panic. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to keep smoke out, and use stairs instead of lifts because lifts may get stuck during a fire. If you can’t run away, go to a room with a window. First close the door tightly and fill gaps (缝隙) with wet cloth. Then wave bright clothes at the window to ask for help. Also, it’s necessary to remember the fire exit routes (路线) of your home or school and take fire drills (消防演练) seriously. Fire safety is a life-saving skill that can help us protect ourselves and our families. 1．When did the terrible fire break out in Hung Fuk Court, Hong Kong? 2．What should we do in our daily life to prevent fires? List at least one point. 3．What does “they” refer to? 4．What should we do first after entering a room during a fire? 5．What can we learn from this passage? 【答案】1．On November 26, 2. 3．Don’t put easy-to-burn things on balconies or stairs. 4．Easy-to-burn things. 5．We should close the door tightly. 6．Fire safety is a life-saving skill that can help us protect ourselves and our families. 【导语】本文讲述香港鸿福苑发生火灾，介绍火灾的发生情况，介绍日常防火的措施，以及火灾发生时的自救方法，告诉大家消防安全十分重要，要掌握消防自救技能。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段第一句“On November 26, 2025, a terrible fire broke out in Hung Fuk Court, Hong Kong.”，直接提取火灾发生的时间。 2．根据原文第二段“Don’t put easy-to-burn things like old clothes or paper boxes on balconies or stairs, as they can easily catch fire.”，提取文中提到的日常防火做法。 3．根据原文第二段“Don’t put easy-to-burn things like old clothes or paper boxes on balconies or stairs, as they can easily catch fire.”，代词they指代前面提到的易燃物品。 4．根据原文第三段“If you can’t run away, go to a room with a window. First close the door tightly and fill gaps with wet cloth.”，提取火灾躲进房间的第一个自救动作。 5．根据原文最后一段“Fire safety is a life-saving skill that can help us protect ourselves and our families.”，通读全文，根据文章主旨句，整合全文信息得出答案。 （二） （26-27八年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）Do you go to school by bus? It is very important for you to know how to be safe when taking a bus, whether you like it or not. First, don’t run to the bus stop, but walk. When you are at the bus stop, you should wait in a safe place. Don’t run or play while waiting. Second, don’t talk loudly when you are on the bus, so the driver will not be disturbed (打扰). If you need to talk with the bus driver, you’d better wait until the bus stops. Never throw things on the bus or out of the windows. Never play near the emergency exit (紧急出口). When there is a fire, the most important thing is to break the window with a hammer (锤子) or any sharp thing and then jump out. Third, when you are getting off the bus, make sure you walk (not run) three more steps away from the door. This is the best place to be around a bus. Stay away from the bus wheels and watch out for moving cars! 根据短文内容，完成同义句转换，每空一词。 1．When going to the bus stop, you’d better instead of . 2． getting on the bus, in a safe place. 3．If the bus you are taking is on , the window and jumping out is the most important. 4．When getting off the bus, walk three steps away from the door because that is considered as the place to be around a bus. 【答案】1． walk running 2． Before wait 3． fire breaking 4． another best 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍乘坐公交车时需要注意的安全事项。 【详解】1．文章第一段提到“First, don’t run to the bus stop, but walk.”，不要跑向公交站，而是步行。故填①walk；②running。 2．文章第一段提到“When you are at the bus stop, you should wait in a safe place.”，在上公交车之前，要在安全的地方等候。故填①Before；②wait。 3．文章第二段提到“When there is a fire, the most important thing is to break the window with a hammer or any sharp thing and then jump out.”，如果乘坐的公交车发生火灾，打破窗户并且跳出去是最重要的事。故填①fire；②breaking。 4．文章第三段提到“make sure you walk (not run) three more steps away from the door. This is the best place to be around a bus.”，下公交车的时候，要再步行离车门三步远，因为这是公交车周边最好的位置。故填①another；②best。 （三） （26-27八年级上·山东淄博·阶段检测）Children know that summer is probably the most interesting of all seasons. However, experts say this season is the most dangerous, especially for children aged 14 and under. In a study of children’s safety in the US, researchers found that nearly half of the injury-related (与受伤相关的) deaths among children happened in summer. Experts are not surprised by the study’s results. They always know summer is a dangerous season for children. During the summer, children are out of school and spend more time outdoors. They are more likely to get into an accident or be injured. “While we encourage children to be active and spend more time outdoors, they need to understand the importance of safety,” said an expert. To help children ________, the “Make Kids’ Summer Safe” campaign was started during Safe Kids Week, from 7 May to 13 May. Here are some important summer safety tips from the campaign. ●Always wear your seat belt. ●Wear a life jacket when on a boat or doing water sport. ●Obey all traffic rules. ●Don’t meet e-pals alone. 1．Which season is the most dangerous for children aged 14 and under according to the experts? 2．Are experts surprised by the study’s results? 3．What do children need to understand if we encourage them to spend more time outdoors? 4．How many summer safety tips given by the campaign are mentioned in the passage? 5．Complete the sentence in Paragraph 3 with proper words. 【答案】1．Summer. 2．No, they aren’t. 3．The importance of safety. 4．Four. 5．stay safe 【导语】本文介绍了夏季是14岁及以下儿童的高危时段，美国相关安全研究显示近半数儿童受伤相关死亡事件发生在夏季，为此专门发起活动并给出4条实用夏季安全提示，帮助儿童在夏季保障自身安全。 【详解】1．第一段中“Children know that summer is probably the most interesting of all seasons. However, experts say this season is the most dangerous, especially for children aged 14 and under.”明确指出专家表示对于14岁及以下儿童来说，夏天是最危险的季节，直接提取对应信息即可。 2．第二段首句“Experts are not surprised by the study’s results.”说明专家对研究结果并不意外，所以应给出否定回答。 3．第二段中专家的表述“While we encourage children to be active and spend more time outdoors, they need to understand the importance of safety”提到鼓励孩子多进行户外活动的同时，需要让他们明白安全的重要性，可对应提取答案。 4．文中最后共列出了4条夏季安全提示，分别是系安全带、水上活动穿救生衣、遵守交通规则、不单独见网友，总数为4条。 5．该活动名为“Make Kids’ Summer Safe”，推出的目的是帮助孩子在夏季保障安全，所以空处可填入符合语义的表达stay safe。 （四） （25-26八年级上·重庆合川·期中）阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Liu Xu, a boy of 13 years old, was riding home when a man suddenly jumped out from the roadside. He pulled Liu off his bike and took the bike away. Liu was frightened. He didn’t run after the man, but he called the police. “Safety (安全) comes first in such a situation,” Liu said, remembering what his teacher had told him in his first aid class. “It is not safe to run after a stronger adult (成年人).” Liu is a student at a middle school in Guangdong. His school is one of the first schools in China to have first aid education. All the students in his school must take the class once a week. In those first aid classes, the students can learn how to protect (保护) and save themselves in dangerous situations. Teenager safety has become a serious problem. According to a survey, about 16,000 teenagers die from drowning (溺水), food poisoning (中毒) and traffic accidents every year. So it is necessary (有必要的) for us students to learn more about first aid. Liu Xu’s experience He was going home 40 . Suddenly a man pulled him off his bike and took away the bike. Liu Xu didn’t run after the man but he called the police, because he remembered 41 about safety in his first aid class. Liu Xu’s lessons at school All the students in Liu Xu’s school must take the first aid class once a week so that they can protect and save themselves when they are 42 . Importance of first aid lessons Teenager safety has become a serious problem. So students 43 these lessons to keep themselves safe. 【答案】1．by bike 2．the teacher’s words 3．in danger 4．need to learn 【导语】本文主要讲述了刘旭的经历、学校开设的急救课程以及急救课程的重要性。 【详解】1．第一段提到：“Liu Xu, a boy of 13 years old, was riding home”，表明刘旭正骑车回家。空中缺少方式状语，应填介词短语by bike。 2．第一段提到：“He didn’t run after the man, but he called the police...remembering what his teacher had told him in his first aid class.”，表明刘旭没有追赶那个人，而是报了警，是因为他记得老师在急救课上跟他讲过的安全知识。 3．第二段提到：“In those first aid classes, the students can learn how to protect (保护) and save themselves in dangerous situations.”，表明刘旭学校的所有学生都必须每周参加一次急救课是为了在遇到危险时能够保护自己并施救。根据“when they are...”可知，此处使用介词短语in danger作表语，表示“处于危险中”。 4．第三段提到：“So it is necessary (有必要的) for us students to learn more about first aid.”，表明学生们需要学习这些课程以确保自身安全。空处应填need to learn，符合need to do sth.结构，一般现在时，主语students为复数，应使用动词原形need。 （五） （25-26八年级上·甘肃兰州·期中）根据短文内容，完成以下任务。 If you have a pet, you know how much fun it can be: watching little fish swim in a tank, or seeing a dog catch a ball in its mouth. Kids who like outdoor activities can tell you how exciting it is to see their favorite birds. Animals can be great fun, ①________ it’s important to know how to avoid (避免) danger when you’re with them. · In the countryside The rule in the countryside is simple: don’t touch or go near an animal. Although some of these animals may look cool or even cute, leave them alone. Don’t ever try to feed a wild animal. It’s OK to feed birds, but you shouldn’t feed other animals②________ when they look very hungry. When it comes to these animals, it’s better to check them out at the zoo, on the Internet, on TV nature shows, or in books. · Playing safely with pets Pets can’t tell you if they’re upset or scared, so they show you. They might do this by biting or scratching (抓). To avoid bites and scratches, you should do as follows: Never touch a pet when it’s eating or sleeping. Never try to get near a pet with its babies. Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. When pulling a lizard (蜥蜴) or a snake from the tank, do it slowly and carefully. Then wash your hands right away because such animals can carry bacteria (细菌) on their skin. 1．在①、②处 分别填上适当的词，使句子通顺正确。 ① ② 2．把划线部分的句子译成中文。 3．在文中找出与所给句子意思相近的句子。 A mother animal will bite to protect her babies if you get too close. 4．回答问题: What should you do after touching a lizard or a snake? 5．请根据文章内容，写出本文的主题句 【答案】1． but even 2．虽然有些动物可能看起来很酷甚至很可爱，但要离它们远点。 3．Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. 4．Wash your hands right away. 5．Animals can be of great fun, but it’s important to know how to avoid danger when you’re with them. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与动物相处时的安全注意事项，旨在提醒人们如何避免危险。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“Animals can be of great fun, … it’s important to know how to avoid danger”可推知，动物很有趣，但是也要懂得如何避免动物可能带来的危险，前后为转折关系，填but。根据文章第4段“you shouldn’t feed other animals …  When look very hungry”可推知，即使动物再饿，也不能去喂，前后为让步关系，填even。 2．根据文章第3段“Although some of these animals may look cool or even cute, leave them alone.”可推知该句为让步状语从句，翻译时需体现“虽然……但是……”的逻辑，“look cool or even cute”译为“看起来很酷甚至很可爱”且“leave them alone”意为“离它们远点”。 3．根据题目句子“A mother animal will bite to protect her babies if you get too close.”可推知需在文中寻找表达相同含义的句子。根据文章第8段“Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away.”可推知结论一致，故填Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. 4．根据文章第9段“When pulling a lizard or a snake from the tank, do it slowly and carefully. Then wash your hands right away.”可推知接触后的做法是立刻洗手，答案直接从原文提取。 5．根据文章第1段“Animals can be of great fun, but it’s important to know how to avoid danger when you’re with them. ”可推知该句概括了全文主旨，即与动物相处的安全重要性，答案根据原文主旨句整理得出. 话题3 成长家庭与社交 （一） People sometimes think “what if something goes wrong?” It’s normal to have these “what-if” thoughts. We need to understand these kinds of thoughts and deal with them, so that we will be less worried. Worrying about the future is a common thing in life. Sometimes, everyone will think about what will happen if things don’t go as we want. For example, “What if I make a mistake?” or “What if people laugh at me?” These “what-if” thoughts are all about bad results. When we spend a lot of time thinking about bad things that might happen, we are imagining the future as a disaster. Thinking too much about “what-if” makes us feel anxious and worried. For example, we may feel sad and it’s hard to focus on what we are doing. There are different ways to help ourselves. Angela McMillan suggests making an “if/then” plan. She says, “For example, if you have to speak in front of the class, then you can take a few deep breaths and tell yourself that you are ready and it’s okay. Or if a social event is too noisy and you feel uncomfortable, then you can go outside for a few minutes.” We can also ask ourselves how possible it is for something to really happen. Angela McMillan points out that most of our worries don’t actually happen. She says, “Remember, these are just thoughts. The bravest thing we can do is not to let worry control us.” We should try to pay attention to what we are doing. Being angry with ourselves will make us feel worse. So we should be nice to ourselves. 1．How can people be less worried about “what-if” thoughts? 2．How will we feel if we think too much about bad results? 3．According to Angela McMillan, what can you do at a noisy and uncomfortable social event? 4．Will the things we are worried about always come true? 5．What do you think of Angela McMillan’s suggestion? 【答案】1．We need to understand these kinds of thoughts and deal with them./By understanding these kinds of thoughts and dealing with them. 2．Anxious and worried./We will feel anxious and worried. 3．We/I can go outside for a few minutes. 4．No./No, they won’t. 5．I think her suggestion is practical and helpful. It can help us calm down and deal with anxiety effectively when we have “what-if” thoughts. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们常会产生“如果出事该怎么办”这类担忧想法，并介绍应对这类焦虑想法的办法。 【详解】1．第一段直接给出句子“We need to understand these kinds of thoughts and deal with them, so that we will be less worried.”。可知，我们要理解这类想法并应对它们，这样我们就会少些担忧。因此答案是原文直接信息。    2．第二段明确指出“Thinking too much about ‘what-if’ makes us feel anxious and worried.”。可知，过多地去想“如果……会怎样”，会让我们感到焦虑和担忧。这是原文中的情绪信息，直接提取。 3．第三段举例说明，在嘈杂令人不适的社交场合下“then you can go outside for a few minutes”。可知，如果一场社交活动过于嘈杂，让你 (们) 感觉不舒服，那么你 (们) 可以到外面待几分钟。答案为原文直接引述信息。 4．第四段点明“most of our worries don’t actually happen”，可知，我们大多数的担忧实际上并不会发生。由此做否定回答。属于依据原文信息推理判断。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，观点需紧扣文中Angela McMillan给出的建议，评价合理、语句通顺即可。 （二） What color of wearing do you like? Do you know “dopamine dressing (多巴胺穿搭)”? It has been one of the most talked about fashion trends (趋势) since 2023. However, is there any science behind this? “Dopamine dressing” came out from the book Dress Your Best Life. American fashion psychologist (心理学家) Dawnn Karen wrote this book in 2020. In the book, dopamine dressing is about wearing colorful clothing to get more dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical (化学物质) in our brain. This kind of chemical makes people feel good. Our brain gives it out when we do things that can make us happy or feel a sense of achievement. According to Science Focus Magazine, there are studies that show a relationship between the colors of the clothes we wear and how we act and feel. One study found that wearing red can bring better physical performance. It also showed bright colors can make people feel active. One more study showed that wearing green can help people relax because it is the color of nature. Yellow, the color of summer and warmth, can bring people happiness. But there are some problems with these studies, as people from different cultures have different ideas about dressing and colors. In a word, “dopamine dressing” shows that we can wear colorful clothes to get more dopamine and feel good. Dressing is more than just a trend. It’s also a way of showing ourselves. So, next time you’re getting dressed, think about which colors will bring out the best in yourself. 1．What is “dopamine dressing” according to the text? 2．When does our brain give dopamine out? 3．Why can wearing green help people relax according to a study? 4．How do people feel when they wear yellow? 5．Do you like dopamine dressing? Why? 【答案】1．It is about wearing colorful clothing to get more dopamine. 2．When we do things that can make us happy or feel a sense of achievement. 3．Because it is the color of nature. 4．They feel happy. 5．Yes, I do. Because colorful clothes can make me feel happy and energetic. 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了“多巴胺穿搭”这一时尚趋势的定义、科学原理以及不同颜色服装对人情绪的影响，最后鼓励人们通过穿搭表达自我。 【详解】1．第二段直接给出了定义：“In the book, dopamine dressing is about wearing colorful clothing to get more dopamine”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第三段直接给出了大脑释放多巴胺的时机：“Our brain gives it out when we do things that can make us happy or feel a sense of achievement”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 3．第三段直接给出了理由：“One more study showed that wearing green can help people relax because it is the color of nature”。因此答案是原文直接信息。 4．第三段提到穿黄色衣服能带给人快乐：“Yellow, the color of summer and warmth, can bring people happiness”。同义转换变成“穿黄色衣服让人们感到快乐”，因此答案为“They feel happy”。 5．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合文章内容和自己对“多巴胺穿搭”的看法、理由，合理作答即可。 （三） Stress is a common problem for students. Too much stress is bad for your health. Here are some ways to deal with stress. First, do some exercise. Exercise helps your body relax. Second, listen to music. Soft music can make you feel calm. Third, talk to your friends or family. They can give you good advice. Fourth, get enough sleep. A tired body is easier to get stressed. Remember, a little stress is normal. But if you feel too stressed, don’t keep it to yourself. 任务一：根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F) 1．Too much stress is bad for your health. 2．Loud music can make you feel calm. 3．A tired body is easier to get stressed. 任务二：回答问题 4．How many ways to deal with stress are mentioned? 5．What should you do if you feel too stressed? 【答案】1．T 2．F 3．T 4．Four./5. 6．Don’t keep it to yourself. /Talk to someone. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕学生常见的压力问题，介绍了压力对健康的影响、应对压力的具体方法，以及压力过大时的正确处理方式。 【详解】1．原文第一段明确写道“Too much stress is bad for your health.”，说明太多压力不利于健康。 2．原文第二段第二句指出“Second, listen to music. Soft music can make you feel calm.”，原文说明是轻柔的音乐能让人平静，而非题目中的“喧闹的音乐”，与原文表述不符。 3．原文第二段最后一句提到“A tired body is easier to get stressed.”，说明身体疲惫会更容易产生压力。 4．原文第二段依次介绍了四种应对压力的方法“First, do some exercise...Second, listen to music...Third, talk to your friends or family...Fourth, get enough sleep.”，因此文中提到了四种方法。 5．原文最后一段明确指出“But if you feel too stressed, don’t keep it to yourself.”，结合前文提到的“talk to your friends or family”，因此压力过大时不要独自扛着，可以找人倾诉。 （四） Whenever the exam season comes, stress may come along. Here are some ways that can help me and my friends go through this season. When the stress of exams is really hitting me, I stop and take a walk. I usually walk my dog for about fifteen minutes. Many boys would simply choose to run for a while, or play ball games. All these help drive away your stress easily most of the time. And if you find music helpful, give it a go. Listening to your favourite songs will surely make you feel relaxed. The best thing is that you just need to stay where you are quietly and enjoy it. But if you are a book lover just like me, read a book you like for half an hour. Reading can take you to places you’ve never been to. Putting yourself into a new world helps you forget your stress in this world for a little bit. For sure, there’s nothing better than laughing. It can really keep worry off your mind! Very often I call my best friends and we talk about our good times or something funny on the phone, and I’m feeling better because I laugh a lot. Remember many others also face the problem of stress just like you, and it is not something impossible to solve.          Task Ⅰ: Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words.（每空不超过3个词） 64 of Going Through the Exam Season Doing sports ·Take a walk. ·Run. ·Play ball games. Listening to music ·It will 65 ·You don’t have to move. Reading books ·It can take you to places you’ve never been to. ·It can take you to a 66 and help you forget your stress for a little bit. Laughing ·Laughing is the best thing to 67 your mind. ·Call your friends and talk about your 68 or something funny. You are not alone—many others face the problem too. And it’s possible for you to deal with it. Task Ⅱ:Answer the following questions. How long should you read a book to forget your stress? 1 How many ways can help you go through the exam season? 2 Do you have the stress of exams?How do you deal with it? Tell your ways in about 20 words. 3 【答案】1．Ways 2．make you relaxed 3．new world 4．keep worry off 5．good times 6．For half an hour/30 minutes 7．4 8．Yes, I do. I usually listen to light music or take a walk to relax myself and reduce stress. 【导语】本文主要讲述应对考试季压力的方法，以及每种方法的具体作用和做法。 【详解】1．文章第一段开头指出“Here are some ways that can help me and my friends go through this season.”，表格第一行是全文总标题，因此第一空应填Ways。 2．文章第一段提到“Listening to your favourite songs will surely make you feel relaxed.”，说明听音乐的作用是让人感到放松，因此第二空应填make you relaxed。 3．文章第一段提到“Putting yourself into a new world helps you forget your stress in this world for a little bit.”，说明读书能带你进入一个新世界，因此第三空应填new world。 4．文章第二段提到“It can really keep worry off your mind!”，说明大笑是消除烦恼的最好方法，因此第四空应填keep worry off。 5．文章第二段提到“we talk about our good times or something funny on the phone”，说明可以和朋友聊美好时光或者有趣的事，因此第五空应填good times。 6．文章第一段提到“read a book you like for half an hour”，说明读书缓解压力的时长为半小时。 7．文章依次介绍了Doing sports、Listening to music、Reading books、Laughing四种方法，因此共4种。 8．本题为开放性试题，需围绕“考试压力及应对方法”作答，20词左右，示例如下： Yes, I do. I usually listen to light music or take a walk to relax myself and reduce stress. （五） What can you do when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or even fight with the one who hurts them. But it’s not a good idea. ①最好的方式就是原谅他或者她。 Although it is not easy for us to forgive people who hurt us, it is possible. “Forgiveness makes people hopeful. And it is good for our health,” says Frederic, Ph. D．, who is the writer of the book called Forgive for Good. But how can we forgive others? First, think of something beautiful and try to get yourself happy. Second, don’t wait for others to say sorry to you. ②Third, try to see things in others’ shoes. That can make you understand others better and make yourself happier. Finally, don’t forget to forgive yourself. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. And it also makes you more confident. 根据短文内容完成下列各题。 1．What may most people do when someone hurts them? 2．将画线①处译成英语。 3．Who is the writer of the book called Forgive for Good? 4．将画线②处译成汉语。 5．How many ways does the writer offer us? 【答案】1．They may be angry or even fight with the one who hurts them. 2．The best way is to forgive him or her. 3．Frederic, Ph. D. 4．第三，试着换位思考。 5．Four. 【导语】本文主要讲述当有人伤害我们时，大多数人会生气甚至与之争斗，但这并非好办法，文章主要介绍了原谅是应对伤害的好方式，并给出了四种具体的原谅他人（以及原谅自己）的方法，同时引用专家观点说明原谅的意义。 【详解】1．原文第一句明确提问 “What can you do when someone hurts you?”，紧接着回答 “Most people may be angry or even fight with the one who hurts them.”，提取答案即可。 2．时态一般现在时。“最好的方式” 译为 “The best way”，“就是” 用 “is”，“原谅他或者她” 译为 “to forgive him or her”，不定式作表语，符合英语表达习惯。 3．原文明确提到 “says Frederic, Ph. D., who is the writer of the book called Forgive for Good.”，非限制性定语从句说明 Frederic, Ph. D. 是该书的作者。 4．Third第三；“try to do sth” 译为 “试着做某事”，“see things in others’ shoes” 是固定短语，意为 “换位思考。 5．原文用“First, Second, Third, Finally”列举了四种原谅他人的方法，分别是：想美好的事情让自己开心、不等待别人道歉、站在别人角度看问题、原谅自己，因此共4种。 话题4 探索自然 （一） Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, which is 8,848.86 metres high. It’s called “the Roof of the World”. But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on the earth which is 5,895 metres above sea level, so it is often called “the Roof of Africa”. Climbers’ dream place—Mount Kilimanjaro It is one of the world’s highest “walkable” mountains. People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain’s two “dry” seasons, January to March and June to October. If they want to reach the top of it, they can climb in the rainy season too, but the weather condition may not be good and it may be difficult to achieve. The first recorded climb of Mount Kilimanjaro It’s believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. Through hard work, they successfully reached the top of the mountain on 6th October, 1889. The beautiful snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro Even though it is hot there, the top of the mountain is covered with ice and snow the whole year. There are many famous stories of the snow cap of Mount Kilimanjaro. It formed about 11,000 years ago, but a study said that it might disappear. One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming. The high temperature is making the ice on Mount Kilimanjaro melt. The beautiful snow cap of Kilimanjaro is disappearing quickly. 1．How high is Mount Kilimanjaro? 2．Who were the first people to reach the top of Mount Kilimanjaro? 3．How long ago did the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro form? 4．What might cause the disappearance of the snow cap on Mount Kilimanjaro according to the passage? 5．When is the best time for many people to climb Mount Kilimanjaro? 【答案】1．5,895 metres above sea level. 2．Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller. 3．About 11,000 years ago. 4．Global warming. 5．The best time for many people is during the two “dry” seasons: from January to March and from June to October. 【导语】本文主要介绍非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山，包括它的高度、适宜登山的时间、首次登顶人物以及山顶雪盖面临消失的原因。 【详解】1．第一段“But Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. It is one of the most beautiful places on the earth which is 5,895 metres above sea level”直接给出乞力马扎罗山的海拔，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 2．第三段“It’s believed that the first people known to have reached the top of the mountain were Hans Meyer and Ludwig Purtscheller.”说明了首次登顶乞力马扎罗山的人物，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 3．第四段“It formed about 11,000 years ago, but a study said that it might disappear.”说明了雪盖形成的时间，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 4．第五段“One of the reasons for its possible disappearance is global warming.”点明雪盖消失的原因，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 5．第二段“People can climb the mountain all year round, but many people will choose to climb during the mountain’s two ‘dry’ seasons, January to March and June to October.”说明了很多人选择登山的最佳时段，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取。 （二） There are many waterfalls in China. Some are big, some are small, but they are all beautiful. Today I’ll introduce four of them to you. Huangguoshu Waterfall, which sits in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, is the largest waterfall in China and one of the most famous natural wonders in Asia. With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds. Every year, millions of people come to visit this natural wonder. Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China. It is one of the widest waterfalls and many people think it is the No.1 waterfall in the world. Hukou Waterfall, located on the Yellow River at the border of Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province in northern China, is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the country. Known for its dramatic yellow-hued waters and thunderous roar, it is the second-largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall). People can hear the sound from far away. Lushan Waterfall in Jiangxi is very beautiful. It’s well-known in China and the world because of the poem (诗) by Li Bai: It plunges straight down three thousand feet. As if the Silver River were falling from the Ninth Heaven. 1．How high is Huangguoshu Waterfall? 2．Where is Sanxia Waterfall? 3．Is Hukou Waterfall the largest waterfall in China? 4．Which waterfall do you like best? Why? 【答案】1．2.8 meters. 3．In Yichang, Hubei. 4．No, it isn’t. 5．I like Huangguoshu Waterfall best, because it is the largest waterfall in China and looks like a “white curtain” pouring from the sky. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国四处著名的瀑布，分别是黄果树瀑布、三峡瀑布、壶口瀑布和庐山瀑布。 【详解】1．第二段第2句“With a height of 77.8 meters and a width of 101 meters, it looks like a ‘white curtain’ pouring from the sky, producing thunderous sounds.”直接给出黄果树瀑布的高度，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取信息。 2．第三段第1句“Sanxia Waterfall in Yichang, Hubei is a great natural landscape in China.”说明了三峡瀑布的地理位置，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取信息。 3．第四段第2句“Known for its dramatic yellow-hued waters and thunderous roar, it is the second-largest waterfall in China (after Huangguoshu Waterfall).”表明壶口瀑布是中国第二大瀑布，不是最大的，根据原文信息判断作答，答案为“No, it isn’t.”。 4．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，观点需要基于文中事实，结合文章内容写出喜欢的瀑布以及对应的理由，合理作答即可。 （三） （25-26八年级下·湖南常德·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。 Located in Africa, the Sahara Desert covers 30 per cent of the whole continent. Known as “the great desert” in Arabic, it is about 9 million square kilometres in size, with a history of over 4.6 million years, making it one of the oldest places in the world. As the world’s largest hot desert, the Sahara is extremely dry and hot all year round. And most of the Sahara is rocky land. Life in the Sahara is difficult. Around 2 million people live in this area. 但是他们必须尽全力活下来。They usually move from place to place. There is water in a few parts of the Sahara, and some people live in these places all year round. Few animals can live in a place with such a dry and hot climate. Camels can live for a long time without water, and can drink over 100 litres of water in just 13 minutes. Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. Today, the Sahara is getting even bigger. It is 10 per cent larger than it was a century ago. But why is it growing? Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls. Water bodies get smaller and the ground gets drier and drier. If we do not take effective measures, the desert will keep growing! 1．How old is the Sahara Desert according to the passage? 2．What special ability do fennec foxes have to live in the hot desert? 3．Why is the Sahara Desert becoming bigger and bigger these days? 4．What can we humans do to stop the desert from growing? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．It is over 2.6 million years old. 3．They have large ears to help their bodies stay cool. 4．Because of climate change, temperatures rise and there is less rain in Africa. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：We can plant more trees and save water in our daily life. 6．But they must try their best to survive. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积、历史、气候特点、当地人和动物的生存方式以及沙漠面积扩大的原因，呼吁人们采取措施阻止沙漠扩张。 【详解】1．根据第一段“with a history of over 4.6 million years”可知，直接找到答案。 2．根据第三段“Fennec foxes have large ears to help their bodies stay cool.”可知，直接提取原文信息作答。 3．根据第四段“Some scientists believe that part of the reason is climate change. As temperatures rise, summers in Africa grow hotter and less rain falls.”可知，需要概括原因：气候变化，气温升高、降水变少。 4．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。结合常识和文章保护环境的主旨作答即可，参考答案为：We can plant more trees and save water in our daily life. 5．“但是他们必须尽全力活下来”译为But they must try their best to survive。其中“但是”用But；“他们”用they，作主语；“必须”用must，情态动词，其后接动词原形；固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽全力做某事”，their和主语they对应；survive意为“活下来、生存”；try their best to survive在句中作谓语部分。 （四） 阅读短文，根据短文内容，在短文后的空格里填入最恰当的单词 (每空限填一词)。 Deserts may seem lifeless, but in fact many kinds of living things have developed special ways to live in the terrible environments. More than one billion people actually live in desert areas. A place that receives less than 25 cm of rain every year is called a desert. More than one-fifth of the earth’s land area is the desert. Only about 20% of deserts are covered by sand. Some have mountains, rocks or lakes. The hottest desert in the world, the Sahara Desert, even reached temperatures of up to 56℃. But some deserts are always cold, like the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is colder than any other desert in the world. The coldest recorded temperature there is about −89℃. The driest desert, Chile’s Atacama Desert, has parts that receive less than 2 mm of rain a year. Desert animals have their own ways to keep cool and use less water. Camels can go for weeks and don’t need to drink any water. Many desert animals, such as desert foxes, only come out to find food when the sun goes down. Most desert animals spend much of their time underground to keep cool. Desert plants may have to live without freshwater for years at a time. Some plants grow long roots that get water from deep in the earth. Other plants have roots that spread out a long way so they can receive the rain as soon as it falls, such as cacti. Life is hard for animals and plants in the desert. But they've got used to the life there. Deserts Definition (定义) Places that receive less than 25 cm of rain every year. Facts  Deserts 91 over one-fifth of the earth’s land area.  Only about 20% of deserts are covered by sand. Some have mountains, rocks or lakes. Examples  The hottest desert—the Sahara Desert.  The 92 desert—the Antarctic Ice Sheet.  The driest desert—the Atacama Desert. Special living ways For animals  Some, like camels, can walk for weeks 93 drinking any water.  Some, like desert foxes, won’t go out to find food 94 the sun goes down.  Some stay underground to keep cool. For plants  Some grow long roots to 95 water from deep in the earth.  Some, like cacti, have roots that spread out a long way to get water as soon as it rains. 【答案】1．cover 2．coldest 3．without 4．until 5．get 【导语】本文介绍了沙漠的定义、面积、不同类型的沙漠以及动植物在沙漠中的特殊生存方式，说明它们已适应沙漠环境。 【详解】1．第二段指出“More than one-fifth of the earth’s land area is the desert”，此处需要动词表示“占据”，cover意为“覆盖，占据”。 2．第三段指出“some deserts are always cold, like the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is colder than any other desert in the world”，说明它是最冷的沙漠，coldest“最冷的”。 3．第四段指出“Camels can go for weeks and don’t need to drink any water”，此处表示“不喝水”，without意为“没有”。 4．第四段指出“Many desert animals, such as desert foxes, only come out to find food when the sun goes down”，not...until意为“直到……才”。 5．第四段指出“Some plants grow long roots that get water from deep in the earth”，get意为“获取”，to后接动词原形。 （五） Twenty percent of all the water that goes into oceans around the world comes from one river—the Amazon River. The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. It travels about 6,440 kilometers to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest river in the world. It is also the second longest. Most of the Amazon’s water comes from rain. During the rainy season, parts of the river are 190 kilometers wide. The Amazon River goes through the world’s largest rainforest. The Amazon rainforest is home to the highest number of plant and animal species (种类) on earth. There are 2.5 million kinds of insects, such as the world’s largest ant. At least 3,000 kinds of fish live there, and one-fifth of all the bird species in the world. Some of the Amazon’s animals are dangerous, such as the anaconda (水蚺), the largest snake in the world. But there are also gentle animals, like the sloth (树懒) and the pink dolphin. The Amazon is very important to the Earth. There are still many kinds of animals and plants there that we don’t know about. If we lose the Amazon, we will lose a big part of life on earth. 1．What is the largest river in the world? 2．Where does the Amazon River begin? 3．How many kinds of insects are there in the Amazon River? 4．What other things do you know about the Amazon Rainforest? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 思维拓展 6．How much water that goes into oceans around the world comes from the Amazon River? A．20%. B．80%. C．We don’t know. 7．What animals are gentle? _______ A．Snakes. B．Anacondas. C．Sloths and dolphins. 【答案】1．The Amazon River. 2．It begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. 3．4.5 million. 5．It is the biggest rainforest in the world. 6．如果我们失去亚马孙，我们将失去地球上很大一部分的生命。 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了亚马逊河的地理特征、流量，以及它所流经的亚马逊雨林的生态多样性和对地球的重要性。 【详解】1．根据“It is the largest river in the world.”可知，文中明确指出亚马逊河是世界最大河流。故填The Amazon River. 2．根据“The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru.”可知，亚马逊河发源于秘鲁的安第斯山脉。故填It begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. 3．根据“There are 2.5 million kinds of insects, such as the world’s largest ant.”可知，亚马逊地区有250万种昆虫。故填2.5 million. 4．根据“The Amazon River goes through the world’s largest rainforest.”可知，亚马逊雨林是世界最大的雨林。故填It is the biggest rainforest in the world. 5．lose可翻译为“失去”，在从句中作谓语动词；the Amazon可翻译为“亚马孙”，在从句中作宾语；a big part of life可翻译为“很大一部分生命”，在主句中作宾语；on earth可翻译为“在地球上”，在主句中作后置定语，修饰life。 故填：如果我们失去亚马孙，我们将失去地球上很大一部分的生命。 6．细节理解题。根据“Twenty percent of all the water that goes into oceans around the world comes from one river—the Amazon River.”可知，全球流入海洋的水有20%来自亚马逊河。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“But there are also gentle animals, like the sloth (树懒) and the pink dolphin.”可知，树懒和粉海豚是温和的动物。故选C。 （25-26八年级下·福建厦门·期末）阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。 Have you ever seen cute pixel art made of tiny plastic beads (珠)? That’s perler beads, or “pindou” in China, and it’s taking the youth by storm! This craft started in Sweden back in the 1970s, first made to help older people stay active and fight loneliness during cold winters. Now, it’s a hot trend among Chinese teens—during the Spring Festival, workshop bookings jumped by over 9,000 percent! Why do young people love it so much? First, it’s a great way to relax. When you focus on placing each bead carefully, you will enter a “flow” state that calms your mind and brings joy. Second, it gives a sense of control. In a fast-changing world, following a simple pattern and seeing a clear, finished result feels safe and satisfying. Perler beads also help people connect. After finishing a piece, many share their works online and get likes from friends. Some even meet up at bead studios to create together, enjoying light, happy social time. It’s more than just a craft—it’s a simple, creative way for young people to relax, feel in control, and bond with others. 1．When did perler beads first start in Sweden? 2．What state will you enter when you focus on placing each bead carefully? 3．How many reasons are mentioned for why young Chinese love perler beads in Paragraph 2? 4．What do many people do after finishing a piece of perler beads? 5．Would you like to try perler beads as a hobby? Why or why not? (No more than 15 words) 【答案】1． Back in the 1970s. 2． A “flow” state. 3． Two. 4． They share their works online. 5． Yes. It can help me relax and make new friends. 【导语】本文介绍热门手工拼豆，讲述它的起源、在国内青少年间火爆的现状，并从放松身心、获得掌控感、社交联结三方面说明年轻人喜爱它的原因。 【详解】1．原文第一段“This craft started in Sweden back in the 1970s”，直接提取起源时间作答。 2．原文第二段“When you focus on placing each bead carefully, you will enter a ‘flow’ state”，提取对应状态短语。 3．第二段用First、Second引出两点理由，因此共两条。 4．原文第三段“After finishing a piece, many share their works online and get likes from friends”，提取人们完成作品后的主要行为。 5．开放性问题。先给出明确态度，理由结合文中解压、交友、获得成就感等，控制单词数量在15个以内，言之有理即可。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $