考前押题05 阅读理解M选N（期中专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版

考前押题05 阅读理解M选N 话题1 爱好与放松方式 话题2 疾病、健康生活与安全（常考点） 话题3 成长家庭与社交（重点） 话题4 探索自然 ①先通读全文，了解文章结构和每段大意； ②重点关注空格前后句，寻找关键词重复、代词指代、逻辑连接词； ③优先确定有明显逻辑关系的选项（如表因果、转折、递进的选项）； ④注意选项与上下文之间的人称、时态一致性； ⑤最后整体复读，确认还原后文章语义连贯。 话题1 爱好与放松方式 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）A hobby is an activity that a person enjoys doing in the free time. Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. 1 They help you learn. When you have a hobby, you learn new things. 2 You will look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. More reading makes you a better reader and a better learner. They help you be creative. For many hobbies, such as building modern cars and making pottery (陶器), you have to use your brain as well as your hands. 3 These kinds of activities make people more creative. They help you be relaxed. Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. 4 ” When we feel happy, we have less stress. Too much stress can make people sick. 5 People with hobbies learn how to get goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you when you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to find a satisfying job in the future. A．Why do they think so? B．It makes you feel happy. C．They help you build skills. D．You have to ask others for help. E．You have to read the instructions. F．We learn by doing things and by touching things. （二） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余项。 When I was young, I had no idea what my hobby would be. 1 Then one day, I discovered painting. It was a small class at the community centre, and I decided to give it a try. At first, I was terrible at it. My paintings looked like a mess, and I felt frustrated. But I kept going. I spent hours practising, watching tutorials online, and learning from other artists. 2 My paintings improved, and I began to enjoy the process more and more. 3 We would meet every week to paint together and share tips. It was amazing to see how much I could learn from them. I also started to display my work at small exhibitions, and even sold a few pieces. 4 It’s a passion that brings me joy and helps me express myself. I can’t imagine my life without it. It’s a journey that started with a simple decision to try something new and has become a lifelong love. 5 A．I tried many different activities, but none of them really stuck with me. B．I encourage everyone to find their own passion, because you never know where it might take you. C．Now, painting is more than just a hobby for me. D．Slowly, I started to see progress. E．I joined a local art club where I met other people who shared my interest. F．I know some of my hobbies can help me a lot in the study. （三） （26-27八年级上·福建福州·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Many of us enjoy activities like drawing, playing games or writing stories. Did you think that one day your interests might become your job in the future? There are four easy steps to help you explore that idea. Find out Your Favourite Thing 1 Do you like taking photos, making cakes or telling jokes (笑话)? Pick one activity that makes you the happiest. Share with Others Show your friends or family what you made. You could bring your drawings to class, make cakes for your family or read a short story to your classmates. 2 Try Small Projects Pick one small goal. 3 Small projects help you learn how to plan and finish things. Keep Going Doing what you love takes time and effort (努力). You may meet problems or make mistakes, but that’s okay. 4 Turning our interests into a job is an amazing journey. 5 Start today, and enjoy everything you learn along the way! A．Think about what you love to do after school. B．The more you practice, the better you become. C．With these right steps, you can make it happen. D．You will be more confident (更自信) when you see others enjoy your work. E．For example, draw one picture each week or write a short fun story every month. （四） （25-26八年级上·福建厦门·阶段检测）Hobbies are for everyone at any age. If you are looking for a new hobby, but you’re not sure what it is, please read the passage. 1 Try new things. You should try new things to find a new hobby. Before you try a new thing, you might think, “I don’t like that.” 2 Learn new things. You’re never too young or too old to learn more in life. It is a good idea to write down three new things every week. 3 You can read more about these things and you might not just learn something, but develop a real interest. 4 There are many things to collect, such as coins, cards and tickets. For example, if you are a football fan, you can collect football cards. Communicate with others. 5 You can learn from them and find new hobbies. When you share the same hobby with your friends, you will find it really interesting. A．Collect things.   B．The following suggestions (建议) can help you.   C．Don’t worry if you know little about them.   D．Why not give it a chance if you never do it?   E．You often meet new people and make friends with them. （五） （25-26八年级上·湖南邵阳·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，根据原文内容，从短文后所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。 Do you like watching TV? There are all kinds of programs on TV. What kind of programs do you like to watch? 1 The soap opera (肥皂剧) was first on the radio in the 1920s. Why do so many people like to watch soap operas on TV?Let’s find out. First, what’s happening in the soap opera is very different from that in our lives. Everything is perfect (完美的) in the opera. 2 People have few money problems. Second, there are many beautiful girls and handsome (英俊的) boys. In the soap opera, they are so cool. They drive young people crazy (疯狂的) . They make young people happy. 3 The soap opera makes people relax after a day’s hard work. Even some old people like to watch it, too. But some people don’t like it. 4 Do you like soap operas? What do you think of them? A．I don’t like soap opera. B．I think the soap opera is one of them. C．Third, stories in soap operas are usually interesting. D．Because they think the show is too long and too slow. E．People don’t need to worry about almost(几乎)anything. 话题2 疾病健康与安全 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）The flu is common. During spring and winter, you may find people around you coughing or sniffing (抽鼻子). How can you stay away from the flu? 1 Keep your hands clean. You may keep yourself away from anyone coughing, but you’re more likely to pick up cold viruses from something you touch. Cold viruses are often on door knobs (把手). 2 “If there is no way to clean hands, try not to touch your eyes or nose,” says Dr Ross Walton. “This is a very common way for viruses to get into your body.” 3 When you’re sleeping, your body is able to produce something to fight viruses. People who sleep for 7~8 hours a night have better immunity (免疫力). According to a health expert, if you don’t have a good sleep during the night, a 30-minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it. Do exercise. 4 Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill. You can play the sport that you enjoy most. For example, you can walk, run, swim or dance. Get the flu jab (预防针). 5 “It’s true that the jab can’t help us fight against all kinds of flu, but it can save lives. I certainly have one every year,” says Dr Walton. A．Get enough sleep. B．Here is some advice for you. C．It doesn’t matter what kind of exercise. D．It can make the immune system work better. E．Washing hands will keep you from picking up a virus. F．To stay away from the flu, getting flu jabs is necessary and important. （二） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）Keeping healthy is important for everyone, especially for teenagers. It’s not just about eating well, but also about doing proper exercise and having good habits. Here are some useful tips to help you keep healthy with sports. 1 Choose a sport you like. If you like playing basketball, play it regularly; if you enjoy swimming, go to the swimming pool once or twice a week. When you like the sport, you will be more willing to keep doing it. 2 Don’t exercise too much at one time. It’s better to exercise for 30 to 60 minutes every day than to exercise for a long time on weekends. Over-exercise will make your body tired and even cause injury. 3 Before doing any sport, spend 5 to 10 minutes warming up. You can do some stretching or light running. Warming up helps your body get ready for exercise and reduces the risk of getting hurt. 4 Exercise is important, but a healthy diet is also necessary. Eat more nutritious food, such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Avoid eating too much fried food and drinking too many sugary drinks. 5 Listen to your body. If you feel tired or have a pain during exercise, stop and rest. Don’t push yourself too hard. Keeping a balance between exercise and rest is the key to staying healthy. Following these tips, you can keep healthy and energetic through sports, and enjoy your teenage life to the fullest. A．Warm up before exercising. B．Choose the right sport for yourself. C．Don’t over-exercise. D．Combine exercise with a healthy diet. E．Listen to your body. F．Exercise every weekend. （三） （25-26八年级上·陕西西安·期中）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Digital citizens (公民) can use technology to communicate with others online and they should know how to use the Internet in a safe and responsible way. 1 Stay safe. To stay safe, never give your personal information online, such as your full name, address, phone number, email address or the name of your school. 2 Don’t tell your friends your passwords. 3 Just like in real life, it’s important to behave well online. Remember that everybody can have their own opinion. It’s OK to disagree, but be always polite. Be kind. Before you post something online, stop and think. Is it good? How will your words make someone feel? Don’t say something online that you would not say in real life. 4 If you see that someone’s being bullied (欺凌) online, tell a parent or a teacher. Be careful. 5 Remember that people online are not always who they say they are. Never open emails from strangers, click on strange links or download apps without asking an adult. They could contain viruses (病毒). If you’re not sure, ask your parents or teacher. A．Behave well. B．Never send unkind words. C．Don’t trust everyone or everything online. D．Here are some ways to be safe and responsible online. E．Make sure that you create strong, secure passwords (密码) and keep them secret. （四） （25-26八年级上·福建莆田·期中）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Tom’s teeth started to ache. He couldn’t even eat or sleep well. 1 At the dentist’s office, Tom felt very afraid. He saw many tools like drills (钻) and mirrors, and they looked scary (可怕的). 2 But the dentist smiled and said, “Don’t worry, I’ll take good care of you.” He was very gentle (温柔的) and patient. 3 After a few visits, Tom’s teeth didn’t ache anymore. He could eat his favorite food again. Tom was very happy. 4 Because of his kindness and patience (耐心), the whole treatment (治疗) became much easier for him. After this experience, Tom decided to be a dentist when he grew up. 5 He promised himself to be kind and patient to everyone who would need his help. A．He was thankful to the dentist. B．He wanted to help people just like the dentist helped him. C．So his mom took him to see the dentist. D．When the dentist asked him to open his mouth, Tom was nervous. E．He encouraged Tom and made sure Tom felt comfortable. （五） （25-26八年级下·湖南·课后作业）Teaching kids about safety should start as early as possible. 1 We should teach them how to be safe and what to do when accidents happen. Calling 110 As soon as kids know the numbers, they can learn to call 110. 2 And if the kids are carrying mobile phones, they need to know calling with the mobile phone is different from the home phone. Bleeding (出血) control Press on a bleeding cut to stop the running of blood. 3 Fire safety When the fire alarm starts ringing at 3 a.m., you must have a plan quickly. 4 If they have fire escape ladders (逃生梯) in their room, do they know how to use the ladders? Where do you plan to meet? What if the kids get out at the back of the house and you get out at the front? All of these things need to be decided before the accidents happen. Water safety Ask kids to keep the life jackets on and make sure they don’t swim alone. Teach kids what they do will cause drowning (溺水). Have a pool? If so, there needs to be a sign around it to remind them. A．Kids can learn from a young age. B．Kids must learn where to go at once. C．You must tell them that 110 is an important number. D．You can teach your kids to press the cut when they’re young. E．We should ask our kids to stay away from all the swimming pools. 话题3 成长家庭与社交 （一） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）根据短文内容，从短文后的A—F 选项中，选出5 个适当的选项补全短文。 Bullying is a common problem for many children. If you are being bullied, here’s a list of things you can do. 1 Many bullied teens do not tell adults (成年人) because they feel scared, and they believe they should be able to deal with the problem alone. 2 Talk to a trusted adult who can help you develop a plan to end the bullying. If the first adult you talk to is not helpful, find another one who will support (支持) and help you. Never blame (责怪) yourself for a bully’s actions. 3 If bullies know they are getting to you, they are likely to hurt you more. If possible, try to stay as calm as you can when you face the bully directly in the moment. 4 Act confidently. Hold your head up, stand up straight, make eye contact, and walk confidently. 5 Remember: No matter what a bully says or does, they are always wrong! A．But adults can make a real difference. B．Talk to your parents or an adult you can trust. C．Try to argue with the bully to show you are right. D．Do not let the bully see how much he or she has affected you. E．When you show you are strong, a bully is less likely to pick on you. F．Speak clearly and use short words, or don’t say anything, just walk away. （二） （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）Teenagers are going through some changes in their body and mind. They start to be independent and like to be different from others. 1 But don’t worry. Here are several skills to help you have a comfortable talk with teenagers. Try small talk. The talk is about some common and unimportant things in life, such as the weather, food and daily life. 2 For example, you can compliment (称赞) teenagers on their clothes and shoes. Then they will be glad to continue the talk. 3 This can help you learn more about teenagers and their interests. More importantly, you can get chances (机会) to join in activities together with them. Then you can build a deeper relationship with them. Teenagers often enjoy talking about their personal experiences. 4 They may tell you some interesting stories from their travels. Through the talk, you can build up trust. It’s necessary to know that every teenager is unique (独一无二的). 5 However, as long as you really care about their feelings and listen to them carefully, they will be more likely to open up. A．It’s really useful in breaking the ice. B．Discuss hobbies and free time activities. C．So not all these skills work for everyone. D．How can we improve communication skills? E．You can ask them about their favorite vacations. F．That often makes them look difficult to get close to. （三） （25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容将下面五个选项中的句子还原到文中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。 As people have more and more competition in the modern world, the pressure from education, job or family will be heavier and heavier. 1 A person in a bad mood will do worse in his job and often have problems with his family, friends or workmates. If this goes on for a long time, he may lose his job, friends, or even his family. 2 But it is easier said than done. How can you keep a good mood every day? Firstly, always keep a smile on your face. 3 This will make all the things around you nice and peaceful. It will help you to keep yourself in a good mood. 4 This kind of music can make you relaxed and reduce sad feelings, especially when you are too angry to say a word. Just listen to it, for some time. It will make you happy again soon. Thirdly, eating is also a good way to keep a good mood. 5 But I think it is wrong. As for me, nothing is better than eating some delicious food. Eating can satisfy my stomach. It really can change my mood. A．Secondly, listen to some soft and gentle music. B．Many people often get angry easily and are in a bad mood (心情). C．When you smile at others, they will smile back to you. D．So it is important for a person to keep a good mood all the time. E．Some people think they do not want to eat when they feel unhappy. （四） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试） From time to time, you may suffer from being overwhelmed (难以承受的). You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless. 1 Here is some advice to help you. Know your feelings. It can be hard sometimes to find the right words to express what you’re feeling. The Feelings Wheel can help. 2 Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center. This can help you get clear about what you’re feeling. Accept what you feel. It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. 3 There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives. Make a list. Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do. Perhaps there is too much to study, or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party. 4 Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer when you finish the list—you would have control over the tasks and yourself! Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice. 5 Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU! 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Be in touch with yourself. B．Start from the inside and move out. C．It is quite natural when humans are facing stress. D．Write down the things that need to get done. E．Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easily. （五） （25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段检测）Feeling upset (沮丧的) is part of life. We cannot control everything that happens around us. However, we can learn to calm ourselves down (冷静). Here are some useful ways to keep cool when we feel upset. Get away from the situation Disagreements with other people can be hard to deal with (解决). 1 Sometimes we need to get away from the situation. It is OK to say, “I’m going to take a break.” Then you can go for a walk or find a quiet place to sit. The purpose is to give yourself some space to calm down.     Accept your thoughts Feeling upset is natural. Everyone gets upset sometimes. 2 When you are upset, say something like this in your head, “I’m feeling really upset right now. That is OK. I can control what I do next.” 3 When we’re upset, sometimes we use unkind words to punish ourselves. We don’t have to do that. To calm down, we can try to say something to make ourselves feel comfortable. Do breathing exercises When we feel upset, the heart beats (跳动) faster. You can use breathing to calm down. If possible, find a place where you can sit comfortably. Then focus on (专注于) your breath, breathing deeply and slowly. 4 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．Accepting that we are upset is healthy. B．Change your language. C．This practice slows down the heart and helps us calm down. D．Keep quiet to relax yourself. E．They can lead to upset feelings. 话题4 探索自然 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months. 1 Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29. But Mr Purja was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing. There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. 2 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by ROK climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013. Mr Purja named his challenge “Project Possible”. 3 On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. Though Mr Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 4 Mr Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him. 5 “People are only limited (限制) by their imagination,” he says. “If you don’t dream, then you won’t do it.” A．He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan. B．Mr Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas. C．His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months. D．He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal. E．They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour. F．He hopes his efforts will inspire others. （二） （25-26八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 The Chinese TV show To the Wonder has made Altay more popular. It is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay (我的阿勒泰) and tells the story of a girl named Li Wenxiu. 1 It makes Altay a hot sight for travellers. Altay is in northern Xinjiang. 2 One famous place of Altay is the Kanas area. There are beautiful lakes like Kanas Lake, White Lake, Double Lake, and Black Lake. The Kanas River flows through some pretty valleys. 3 . In spring and summer, green trees and snowy mountains create a wonderful view. Flowers make the land even more colorful. In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red. 4 Animals and round tents add to the beauty of nature. Altay is also known for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own traditions and language. 5 Visitors can enjoy busy markets, taste local food, and meet friendly people. They can also hike, camp, and ski. With its amazing nature, rich culture, and fun outdoor activities, Altay is a must-visit place for visitors. A．The show is full of scenes of beautiful grassland and mountains. B．The number of travellers is growing. C．It has amazing high mountains, clear rivers, and thick forests. D．That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely. E．This area has different looks in different seasons. F．In winter, everything is covered in ice and snow. （三） （25-26八年级上·黑龙江绥化·阶段检测）根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Greenland is the largest island in the world. 1 There is another island near Greenland. It is small. Its name is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm? 2 If you do, you are wrong. Not many people live on Greenland. That is because Greenland is not green but white. 3 The ice covering Greenland is even higher than the world’s tallest building. What about Iceland? 4 No. Iceland also has ice on it, but not so much ice as Greenland. 5 They give out hot water and steam (水蒸气), so the weather is not so cold as that of Greenland. And there are many more people who live on Iceland. A．Is it colder than Greenland? B．Do you think that Iceland is white with ice? C．There are a lot of hot springs (温泉) on it. D．It is in the north of Europe. E．Most of the island is covered by lots of ice. （四） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）The world’s largest and also the most famous rainforest is the Amazon Rainforest. 60% is in Brazil and 13% is in Peru in South America. 1 The Congo Rainforest in Africa and the Southeast Asian rainforests in Asia are smaller than it. The rainforest has an area of over 5.5 million square kilometers. 2 Like other rainforests, the Amazon Rainforest is pretty thick. The plants cover the sky. Different animal species live in different parts of the huge trees. It often rains in the rainforest, so the rain washes away the soil. 3 4 For example, the largest cat in the Western Hemisphere and one of the world’s largest snakes are found here. The snake is 7 meters long and can kill an animal much bigger than it. The Amazon is the world’s largest rainforest. 5 Farmers cut down the rainforest to plant. Environmentalists around the world took steps to save the Amazon Rainforest, but what they did made little difference. A．There are millions of plant and animal species in the Amazon Rainforest. B．The rainforest soils are very thin. C．The Amazon Rainforest is the number one on the planet. D．On land, many of the world’s largest animals live here. E．However, it is becoming smaller rapidly. （五） （25-26八年级下·湖南·课后作业）Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in. This is mainly because the weather in mountains is not as good as that in low areas. 1 Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 meters high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 meters high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. This is known as one of the most dangerous areas. However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). 2 Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it’s much cooler there. 3 The sport first became popular in England. However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. 4 Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world. A．Mountain climbing has a history of over150 years. B．The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. C．People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. D．Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains. E．As we all know, there are many kinds of mountains in the world. （26-27八年级上·山东东营·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Do you often run outside to keep healthy? Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth? 1 Plogging, a new way to exercise, began in Sweden. The name “plogging” comes from two words — the Swedish (瑞典的) word “plocka”, which means to “pick up”, and the word “jogging”, which means “to run slowly”. A Swedish man called Erik started the movement. 2 He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more. 3 . To his joy, more and more people followed him and plogging became popular. Many people choose plogging instead of just jogging because they think plogging is a good way to help clean up the earth. Sometimes rubbish is difficult to collect because it may scatter (分散) all around. But if the runners pick up the rubbish on the way, it is quite different. 4 . Another reason is that plogging burns more calories (卡路里). According to research, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns 39 calories. 5 It’s time for us to take action together. So ready? Let’s plog tomorrow! A．After all, many hands make light work. B．Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win—win (双赢) situation. C．He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work every day. D．Instead, he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time. E．It’s necessary for us to spend more time picking rubbish. F．Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up! 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题05 阅读理解M选N 话题1 爱好与放松方式 话题2 疾病、健康生活与安全（常考点） 话题3 成长家庭与社交（重点） 话题4 探索自然 ①先通读全文，了解文章结构和每段大意； ②重点关注空格前后句，寻找关键词重复、代词指代、逻辑连接词； ③优先确定有明显逻辑关系的选项（如表因果、转折、递进的选项）； ④注意选项与上下文之间的人称、时态一致性； ⑤最后整体复读，确认还原后文章语义连贯。 话题1 爱好与放松方式 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）A hobby is an activity that a person enjoys doing in the free time. Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. 1 They help you learn. When you have a hobby, you learn new things. 2 You will look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. More reading makes you a better reader and a better learner. They help you be creative. For many hobbies, such as building modern cars and making pottery (陶器), you have to use your brain as well as your hands. 3 These kinds of activities make people more creative. They help you be relaxed. Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. 4 ” When we feel happy, we have less stress. Too much stress can make people sick. 5 People with hobbies learn how to get goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you when you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to find a satisfying job in the future. A．Why do they think so? B．It makes you feel happy. C．They help you build skills. D．You have to ask others for help. E．You have to read the instructions. F．We learn by doing things and by touching things. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好的定义，引用科学家的观点说明爱好对孩子益处良多。文章分别从助力学习、激发创造力、放松身心、培养技能四个方面阐述爱好带来的好处，说明爱好能够助力孩子成长，并对未来发展产生积极作用。 【详解】1．上文提出观点：科学家认为爱好能让孩子更聪明、健康，长大后更容易成功。下文分段讲解爱好带来的各种好处。A选项“Why do they think so?”，起到承上启下的作用，提出疑问，引出下文一系列原因。 2．本段中心：爱好有助于学习。后文提到人们会查阅各类资料获取信息、大量阅读提升学习能力。E选项“You have to read the instructions.”，阅读说明和后文阅读、查找资料内容相呼应。 3．本段中心：爱好提升创造力。前文提到拼装汽车模型、制陶既要动脑也要动手。F选项“We learn by doing things and by touching things.”，强调依靠实践、动手操作学习，承接“动手又动脑”的内容。 4．本段中心：爱好帮助人们放松。前文说制作东西时大脑愉悦区域收到信号；后文提到感到开心就能减少压力。B选项“It makes you feel happy.”，承接上文，说明这个信号带来的结果就是让人开心。 5．本空是段落主题句。本段介绍爱好能让人学会达成目标、解决问题，掌握的技能对未来工作生活有益。C选项“They help you build skills.”，概括本段核心：爱好帮助培养技能。 （二） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余项。 When I was young, I had no idea what my hobby would be. 1 Then one day, I discovered painting. It was a small class at the community centre, and I decided to give it a try. At first, I was terrible at it. My paintings looked like a mess, and I felt frustrated. But I kept going. I spent hours practising, watching tutorials online, and learning from other artists. 2 My paintings improved, and I began to enjoy the process more and more. 3 We would meet every week to paint together and share tips. It was amazing to see how much I could learn from them. I also started to display my work at small exhibitions, and even sold a few pieces. 4 It’s a passion that brings me joy and helps me express myself. I can’t imagine my life without it. It’s a journey that started with a simple decision to try something new and has become a lifelong love. 5 A．I tried many different activities, but none of them really stuck with me. B．I encourage everyone to find their own passion, because you never know where it might take you. C．Now, painting is more than just a hobby for me. D．Slowly, I started to see progress. E．I joined a local art club where I met other people who shared my interest. F．I know some of my hobbies can help me a lot in the study. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候不知道自己的爱好是什么，尝试很多活动后发现绘画，经历失败、坚持练习，加入美术俱乐部，不断进步，绘画最终成为终身热爱，并鼓励大家寻找属于自己的热爱。 【详解】1．前文“When I was young, I had no idea what my hobby would be.”当我小时候，我不知道自己的爱好是什么。选项A“I tried many different activities, but none of them really stuck with me.”承接上文，说明尝试过很多活动但都没有坚持下来，引出下文偶然发现绘画。 2．前文“But I kept going. I spent hours practising, watching tutorials online, and learning from other artists.”但是我没有放弃，花大量时间练习、看网课、向其他艺术家学习。后文“My paintings improved, and I began to enjoy the process more and more.”我的画作进步了，越来越享受这个过程。选项D“Slowly, I started to see progress.”起到承上启下的作用，说明慢慢看到了进步。 3．后文“We would meet every week to paint together and share tips.”我们每周见面一起画画、交流技巧。选项E“I joined a local art club where I met other people who shared my interest.”引出下文，加入当地美术俱乐部，认识志同道合的人。 4．后文“It’s a passion that brings me joy and helps me express myself.”这是一份带给我快乐、帮我表达自我的热爱。选项C“Now, painting is more than just a hobby for me.”总起本段，说明绘画已经不只是一项爱好。 5．前文“It’s a journey that started with a simple decision to try something new and has become a lifelong love.”这是一段始于尝试新事物的简单决定，并成为终身热爱的旅程。选项B“I encourage everyone to find their own passion, because you never know where it might take you.”总结全文，发出呼吁，鼓励大家寻找自己的热爱。 （三） （26-27八年级上·福建福州·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Many of us enjoy activities like drawing, playing games or writing stories. Did you think that one day your interests might become your job in the future? There are four easy steps to help you explore that idea. Find out Your Favourite Thing 1 Do you like taking photos, making cakes or telling jokes (笑话)? Pick one activity that makes you the happiest. Share with Others Show your friends or family what you made. You could bring your drawings to class, make cakes for your family or read a short story to your classmates. 2 Try Small Projects Pick one small goal. 3 Small projects help you learn how to plan and finish things. Keep Going Doing what you love takes time and effort (努力). You may meet problems or make mistakes, but that’s okay. 4 Turning our interests into a job is an amazing journey. 5 Start today, and enjoy everything you learn along the way! A．Think about what you love to do after school. B．The more you practice, the better you become. C．With these right steps, you can make it happen. D．You will be more confident (更自信) when you see others enjoy your work. E．For example, draw one picture each week or write a short fun story every month. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍把兴趣变成工作的四个简单步骤，鼓励大家从现在开始去尝试。 【详解】1．本段小标题是Find out Your Favourite Thing（找出你最喜欢的事）。后文列举拍照、做蛋糕、讲笑话，让你选出最让自己开心的活动。A选项承接标题，引导思考自己喜爱的活动，贴合段落主题。 2．本段小标题是Share with Others（和他人分享）。上文讲把作品展示给家人朋友，把画作带到班级、给家人做蛋糕等。D选项说明分享作品之后带来的结果，逻辑承接上文。 3．本段小标题Try Small Projects（尝试小项目）。前一句Pick one small goal（选定一个小目标），空格后讲解小项目的作用。E选项用for example引出小目标的实例，对上一句进行举例说明。 4．本段小标题Keep Going（坚持下去）。上文讲做热爱的事需要时间和努力，遇到难题、犯错也没关系。B选项承接语境，表达坚持练习就会进步，符合坚持主题。 5．这是文章结尾总结段，前文已经全部讲完四个步骤。C选项总结全文，these right steps指代文中的四个步骤，引出最后的呼吁。 （四） （25-26八年级上·福建厦门·阶段检测）Hobbies are for everyone at any age. If you are looking for a new hobby, but you’re not sure what it is, please read the passage. 1 Try new things. You should try new things to find a new hobby. Before you try a new thing, you might think, “I don’t like that.” 2 Learn new things. You’re never too young or too old to learn more in life. It is a good idea to write down three new things every week. 3 You can read more about these things and you might not just learn something, but develop a real interest. 4 There are many things to collect, such as coins, cards and tickets. For example, if you are a football fan, you can collect football cards. Communicate with others. 5 You can learn from them and find new hobbies. When you share the same hobby with your friends, you will find it really interesting. A．Collect things.   B．The following suggestions (建议) can help you.   C．Don’t worry if you know little about them.   D．Why not give it a chance if you never do it?   E．You often meet new people and make friends with them. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文围绕如何寻找和培养新爱好展开，给出了多个具体的建议。 【详解】1．根据 “If you are looking for a new hobby, but you're not sure what it is, please read the passage.” 可知，如果你在寻找新爱好但不确定是什么，请阅读这篇文章。B选项“以下建议可以帮助你。”承接上文，引出下文的五个具体建议。故选B。 2．根据 “Before you try a new thing, you might think, ‘I don't like that.’” 可知，在尝试新事物之前，你可能会想“我不喜欢那个”。D选项“如果你从未做过，为什么不给它一个机会呢？”针对这种未尝试就否定的心理给出了建议，符合语境。故选D。 3．根据 “It is a good idea to write down three new things every week.” 可知，建议每周写下三件新事物，后文提到“你可以阅读更多关于这些事物的内容”。C选项“如果你对它们了解不多，不要担心。”与后文通过阅读去了解相呼应，鼓励读者不要因为不熟悉而放弃。故选C。 4．根据下文 “There are many things to collect, such as coins, cards and tickets.” 可知，本段主要讲的是收集物品（硬币、卡片、门票等）。A选项“收集物品。”概括了该部分的主题。故选A。 5．根据 “Communicate with others.” 以及后文 “When you share the same hobby with your friends...” 可知，本段强调与他人交流分享爱好。E选项“你经常遇到新朋友并与他们交朋友。”符合“Communicate with others”的主题，说明了交流爱好能带来的人际交往益处。故选E。 （五） （25-26八年级上·湖南邵阳·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，根据原文内容，从短文后所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。 Do you like watching TV? There are all kinds of programs on TV. What kind of programs do you like to watch? 1 The soap opera (肥皂剧) was first on the radio in the 1920s. Why do so many people like to watch soap operas on TV?Let’s find out. First, what’s happening in the soap opera is very different from that in our lives. Everything is perfect (完美的) in the opera. 2 People have few money problems. Second, there are many beautiful girls and handsome (英俊的) boys. In the soap opera, they are so cool. They drive young people crazy (疯狂的) . They make young people happy. 3 The soap opera makes people relax after a day’s hard work. Even some old people like to watch it, too. But some people don’t like it. 4 Do you like soap operas? What do you think of them? A．I don’t like soap opera. B．I think the soap opera is one of them. C．Third, stories in soap operas are usually interesting. D．Because they think the show is too long and too slow. E．People don’t need to worry about almost(几乎)anything. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕肥皂剧展开介绍，先引出肥皂剧这一电视节目类型，再从三个方面分析了大众喜爱肥皂剧的原因，最后说明了部分人不喜欢肥皂剧的理由，并询问读者的看法。 【详解】1．前文“There are all kinds of programs on TV. What kind of programs do you like to watch?”点明电视上有各类节目并询问观众喜好，后文正式展开对肥皂剧的介绍，此处需要衔接上文并引出肥皂剧，选项B“I think the soap opera is one of them.”意为“我认为肥皂剧就是其中一种”，承接上文的“各类节目”，自然引出下文的核心话题肥皂剧，承上启下，符合语境。 2．前文“Everything is perfect in the opera.”指出肥皂剧里一切都很完美，后文“People have few money problems.”具体说明剧中人物没有金钱困扰，此处需要补充体现“生活完美”的表现，选项E“People don’t need to worry about almost anything.”意为 “人们几乎不需要为任何事担忧”，承接“一切完美”的描述，和后文的“几乎没有金钱问题”形成呼应，共同刻画肥皂剧里的理想化生活，符合语境。 3．前文分别用First、Second依次列出人们喜爱肥皂剧的两点原因，后文“The soap opera makes people relax after a day’s hard work.”说明肥皂剧的放松作用，此处是第三点原因的总起句，选项C“Third, stories in soap operas are usually interesting.”意为“第三，肥皂剧里的故事通常很有趣”，用Third承接前两点原因，引出第三点，后文的“让人放松”也对应故事有趣带来的效果，逻辑连贯，符合语境。 4．前文“But some people don’t like it.”提出部分人不喜欢肥皂剧的观点，此处需要解释不喜欢的具体原因，选项D“Because they think the show is too long and too slow.”意为“因为他们觉得这个节目太长、节奏太慢”，用Because回应原因，承接前文的“不喜欢”，逻辑对应，符合语境。 话题2 疾病健康与安全 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）The flu is common. During spring and winter, you may find people around you coughing or sniffing (抽鼻子). How can you stay away from the flu? 1 Keep your hands clean. You may keep yourself away from anyone coughing, but you’re more likely to pick up cold viruses from something you touch. Cold viruses are often on door knobs (把手). 2 “If there is no way to clean hands, try not to touch your eyes or nose,” says Dr Ross Walton. “This is a very common way for viruses to get into your body.” 3 When you’re sleeping, your body is able to produce something to fight viruses. People who sleep for 7~8 hours a night have better immunity (免疫力). According to a health expert, if you don’t have a good sleep during the night, a 30-minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it. Do exercise. 4 Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill. You can play the sport that you enjoy most. For example, you can walk, run, swim or dance. Get the flu jab (预防针). 5 “It’s true that the jab can’t help us fight against all kinds of flu, but it can save lives. I certainly have one every year,” says Dr Walton. A．Get enough sleep. B．Here is some advice for you. C．It doesn’t matter what kind of exercise. D．It can make the immune system work better. E．Washing hands will keep you from picking up a virus. F．To stay away from the flu, getting flu jabs is necessary and important. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种预防流感的办法。 【详解】1．前文“How can you stay away from the flu?”提出“如何远离流感？”的问题；下文“Keep your hands clean. Do exercise. Get the flu jab (预防针).”介绍了多种预防方法，选项B“这里给你一些建议。”承上启下，引出下文多条建议。 2．前文“Cold viruses are often on door knobs (把手).”提到病毒经常附着在门把手上；选项E“洗手可以防止你感染病毒。”承接上文，说明洗手的作用，贴合段落主旨。 3．本段“When you’re sleeping, your body is able to produce something to fight viruses. People who sleep for 7~8 hours a night have better immunity (免疫力). According to a health expert, if you don’t have a good sleep during the night, a 30-minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it.”整段都在讲述睡眠能够帮助身体对抗病毒、充足睡眠提升免疫力，因此，选项A“保证充足睡眠。”可作为本段的主题句。 4．本段的主题句“Do exercise.”是做锻炼；后文“Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill.”提到拥有强大免疫系统能帮你抵御病毒，选项D“它可以使免疫系统更好地工作。”中的“It”指代前面提到的锻炼，说明锻炼的作用，符合语境。 5．本段的主题句“Get the flu jab (预防针).”是接种流感疫苗；后文“‘It’s true that the jab can’t help us fight against all kinds of flu, but it can save lives. I certainly have one every year,’ says Dr Walton.”介绍了医生关于“疫苗确实不能帮助我们对抗各种流感，但它可以拯救生命。”的说法，因此，选项F“想要远离流感，接种流感疫苗十分必要且重要。”可作为本段总起句，引出后文医生对于疫苗的看法。 （二） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）Keeping healthy is important for everyone, especially for teenagers. It’s not just about eating well, but also about doing proper exercise and having good habits. Here are some useful tips to help you keep healthy with sports. 1 Choose a sport you like. If you like playing basketball, play it regularly; if you enjoy swimming, go to the swimming pool once or twice a week. When you like the sport, you will be more willing to keep doing it. 2 Don’t exercise too much at one time. It’s better to exercise for 30 to 60 minutes every day than to exercise for a long time on weekends. Over-exercise will make your body tired and even cause injury. 3 Before doing any sport, spend 5 to 10 minutes warming up. You can do some stretching or light running. Warming up helps your body get ready for exercise and reduces the risk of getting hurt. 4 Exercise is important, but a healthy diet is also necessary. Eat more nutritious food, such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Avoid eating too much fried food and drinking too many sugary drinks. 5 Listen to your body. If you feel tired or have a pain during exercise, stop and rest. Don’t push yourself too hard. Keeping a balance between exercise and rest is the key to staying healthy. Following these tips, you can keep healthy and energetic through sports, and enjoy your teenage life to the fullest. A．Warm up before exercising. B．Choose the right sport for yourself. C．Don’t over-exercise. D．Combine exercise with a healthy diet. E．Listen to your body. F．Exercise every weekend. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文围绕青少年通过运动保持健康展开，给出了多个实用建议。 【详解】1．根据“Choose a sport you like…When you like the sport, you will be more willing to keep doing it.”可知，强调选择自己喜欢的运动并坚持下去，B选项“Choose the right sport for yourself.”概括了这部分的核心内容，即选择自己喜欢的运动才能更愿意坚持。 2．根据“Don’t exercise too much at one time…Over-exercise will make your body tired and even cause injury.”可知，讲述不要一次运动过量，避免过度运动带来的伤害，C选项“Don’t over-exercise.”与该部分主题契合。 3．根据“Before doing any sport, spend 5 to 10 minutes warming up…Warming up helps your body get ready for exercise and reduces the risk of getting hurt.”可知，强调运动前要花时间热身，让身体做好准备，A选项“Warm up before exercising.”贴合段落主题。 4．根据“Exercise is important, but a healthy diet is also necessary…Avoid eating too much fried food and drinking too many sugary drinks.”可知，讲述运动的同时健康饮食也很重要，要多吃有营养的食物，避免不健康的饮食，D选项“Combine exercise with a healthy diet.”进一步说明了运动与饮食的关系，与该部分主题相符合。 5．根据“Listen to your body. If you feel tired or have a pain during exercise, stop and rest. Don’t push yourself too hard.”可知，强调运动时要关注身体感受，感到不适就休息，E选项“Listen to your body.”对应本段中心句。 （三） （25-26八年级上·陕西西安·期中）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Digital citizens (公民) can use technology to communicate with others online and they should know how to use the Internet in a safe and responsible way. 1 Stay safe. To stay safe, never give your personal information online, such as your full name, address, phone number, email address or the name of your school. 2 Don’t tell your friends your passwords. 3 Just like in real life, it’s important to behave well online. Remember that everybody can have their own opinion. It’s OK to disagree, but be always polite. Be kind. Before you post something online, stop and think. Is it good? How will your words make someone feel? Don’t say something online that you would not say in real life. 4 If you see that someone’s being bullied (欺凌) online, tell a parent or a teacher. Be careful. 5 Remember that people online are not always who they say they are. Never open emails from strangers, click on strange links or download apps without asking an adult. They could contain viruses (病毒). If you’re not sure, ask your parents or teacher. A．Behave well. B．Never send unkind words. C．Don’t trust everyone or everything online. D．Here are some ways to be safe and responsible online. E．Make sure that you create strong, secure passwords (密码) and keep them secret. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了数字公民如何安全、负责任地使用网络，并从安全、言行、友善、谨慎四个方面给出了具体的网络使用规范。 【详解】1．前文提到数字公民应安全、负责任地使用互联网，D选项“Here are some ways to be safe and responsible online.”表示这里有一些安全、负责任上网的方法，总领全文，引出下文的各项网络使用建议。 2．前文介绍上网不要泄露个人信息，后文提醒不要将密码告知他人，E选项“Make sure that you create strong, secure passwords (密码) and keep them secret.”表示要设置安全的密码并妥善保密，承接前后文关于网络信息安全、密码保护的内容。 3．后文讲述网络生活中要举止得体、尊重他人观点、礼貌待人，A选项“Behave well.”表示举止得体，贴合段落主旨，作为本段小标题统领全段内容。 4．前文告诫不要在网络上发表不当言论，本段主题为友善上网，B选项“Never send unkind words.”表示绝不发送不友善的言论，承接上文，贴合友善上网的核心要求。 5．后文提醒网友身份未必真实、不要随意点开陌生链接和文件，C选项“Don’t trust everyone or everything online.”表示不要相信网上的所有人和事，引出下文谨慎上网的具体注意事项。 （四） （25-26八年级上·福建莆田·期中）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 Tom’s teeth started to ache. He couldn’t even eat or sleep well. 1 At the dentist’s office, Tom felt very afraid. He saw many tools like drills (钻) and mirrors, and they looked scary (可怕的). 2 But the dentist smiled and said, “Don’t worry, I’ll take good care of you.” He was very gentle (温柔的) and patient. 3 After a few visits, Tom’s teeth didn’t ache anymore. He could eat his favorite food again. Tom was very happy. 4 Because of his kindness and patience (耐心), the whole treatment (治疗) became much easier for him. After this experience, Tom decided to be a dentist when he grew up. 5 He promised himself to be kind and patient to everyone who would need his help. A．He was thankful to the dentist. B．He wanted to help people just like the dentist helped him. C．So his mom took him to see the dentist. D．When the dentist asked him to open his mouth, Tom was nervous. E．He encouraged Tom and made sure Tom felt comfortable. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述Tom牙疼去看牙医，牙医温柔耐心帮他治好牙齿，这件事让Tom立志长大后成为牙医的故事。 【详解】1．Tom牙疼，吃不好睡不好。此处应交代后续行动，C项“So his mom took him to see the dentist.”承接前文病痛，引出去诊所看牙的情节。 2．Tom在牙科诊所，看见钻、镜子等吓人器械，内心感到害怕。此处应描写Tom紧张的状态，D项“When the dentist asked him to open his mouth, Tom was nervous.”承接前文的恐惧氛围，引出后文牙医安慰他的转折。 3．牙医十分温柔且有耐心。此处继续描述牙医的做法，E项“He encouraged Tom and made sure Tom felt comfortable.”具体写牙医安抚Tom的行动，承接上文牙医的品质。 4．Tom的牙不再疼了，又可以吃喜欢的食物，他非常开心。此处表达Tom对牙医的情感，A项“He was thankful to the dentist.”点明Tom心怀感激，与后文牙医的善良耐心让治疗更容易形成因果关系。 5．在这次经历之后，Tom决定长大后成为一名牙医。此处解释Tom做出该决定的初衷，B项“He wanted to help people just like the dentist helped him.”交代他立志当牙医的动机，引出下文他对自己许下的承诺。 （五） （25-26八年级下·湖南·课后作业）Teaching kids about safety should start as early as possible. 1 We should teach them how to be safe and what to do when accidents happen. Calling 110 As soon as kids know the numbers, they can learn to call 110. 2 And if the kids are carrying mobile phones, they need to know calling with the mobile phone is different from the home phone. Bleeding (出血) control Press on a bleeding cut to stop the running of blood. 3 Fire safety When the fire alarm starts ringing at 3 a.m., you must have a plan quickly. 4 If they have fire escape ladders (逃生梯) in their room, do they know how to use the ladders? Where do you plan to meet? What if the kids get out at the back of the house and you get out at the front? All of these things need to be decided before the accidents happen. Water safety Ask kids to keep the life jackets on and make sure they don’t swim alone. Teach kids what they do will cause drowning (溺水). Have a pool? If so, there needs to be a sign around it to remind them. A．Kids can learn from a young age. B．Kids must learn where to go at once. C．You must tell them that 110 is an important number. D．You can teach your kids to press the cut when they’re young. E．We should ask our kids to stay away from all the swimming pools. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了应尽早对孩子进行安全知识教育，并具体讲解了报警、止血、防火、水上安全这几方面的基础安全常识和教学方法。 【详解】1．根据前文“Teaching kids about safety should start as early as possible.”和后文“We should teach them how to be safe and what to do when accidents happen.”可知，此处应衔接尽早教孩子安全知识的话题。选项A“孩子们从小就可以学习。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据前文“As soon as kids know the numbers, they can learn to call 110.”可知，此处应围绕110这个报警电话展开，强调其重要性。选项C“你必须告诉他们110是一个重要的数字。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据前文“Press on a bleeding cut to stop the running of blood.”可知，此处应承接按压止血的内容。选项D“你可以在孩子小的时候教他们按压伤口。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据前文“When the fire alarm starts ringing ... you must have a plan quickly.”和后文关于逃生梯使用、集合地点等内容可知，此处应说明孩子必须知道火灾时立刻前往的地方。选项B“孩子们必须学会立刻去哪里。”符合语境。故选B。 话题3 成长家庭与社交 （一） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）根据短文内容，从短文后的A—F 选项中，选出5 个适当的选项补全短文。 Bullying is a common problem for many children. If you are being bullied, here’s a list of things you can do. 1 Many bullied teens do not tell adults (成年人) because they feel scared, and they believe they should be able to deal with the problem alone. 2 Talk to a trusted adult who can help you develop a plan to end the bullying. If the first adult you talk to is not helpful, find another one who will support (支持) and help you. Never blame (责怪) yourself for a bully’s actions. 3 If bullies know they are getting to you, they are likely to hurt you more. If possible, try to stay as calm as you can when you face the bully directly in the moment. 4 Act confidently. Hold your head up, stand up straight, make eye contact, and walk confidently. 5 Remember: No matter what a bully says or does, they are always wrong! A．But adults can make a real difference. B．Talk to your parents or an adult you can trust. C．Try to argue with the bully to show you are right. D．Do not let the bully see how much he or she has affected you. E．When you show you are strong, a bully is less likely to pick on you. F．Speak clearly and use short words, or don’t say anything, just walk away. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了被欺凌时可以采取的应对措施。 【详解】1．根据“If you are being bullied, here’s a list of things you can do.”以及“Many bullied teens do not tell adults (成年人) because they feel scared, and they believe they should be able to deal with the problem alone.”可知，此空应引出和成年人相关的内容。选项B“和你的父母或你可以信任的成年人谈谈。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Many bullied teens do not tell adults (成年人) because they feel scared, and they believe they should be able to deal with the problem alone.”可知，此空应说明告诉成年人的好处。选项A“但是成年人可以产生真正的影响。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Never blame (责怪) yourself for a bully’s actions.”以及“If bullies know they are getting to you, they are likely to hurt you more.”可知，此空应是不要让欺凌者看到对你的影响。选项D“不要让欺凌者看到他或她对你有多大影响。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“If possible, try to stay as calm as you can when you face the bully directly in the moment.”可知，此空应是保持冷静的具体做法。选项F“清楚地说话并使用简短的词语，或者什么都不说，直接走开。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据“Act confidently. Hold your head up, stand up straight, make eye contact, and walk confidently.”可知，此空应是解释自信行动的好处。选项E“当你表现得强大时，欺凌者不太可能欺负你。”符合语境。故选E。 （二） （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）Teenagers are going through some changes in their body and mind. They start to be independent and like to be different from others. 1 But don’t worry. Here are several skills to help you have a comfortable talk with teenagers. Try small talk. The talk is about some common and unimportant things in life, such as the weather, food and daily life. 2 For example, you can compliment (称赞) teenagers on their clothes and shoes. Then they will be glad to continue the talk. 3 This can help you learn more about teenagers and their interests. More importantly, you can get chances (机会) to join in activities together with them. Then you can build a deeper relationship with them. Teenagers often enjoy talking about their personal experiences. 4 They may tell you some interesting stories from their travels. Through the talk, you can build up trust. It’s necessary to know that every teenager is unique (独一无二的). 5 However, as long as you really care about their feelings and listen to them carefully, they will be more likely to open up. A．It’s really useful in breaking the ice. B．Discuss hobbies and free time activities. C．So not all these skills work for everyone. D．How can we improve communication skills? E．You can ask them about their favorite vacations. F．That often makes them look difficult to get close to. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了和青少年建立信任的沟通技巧。 【详解】1．根据“They start to be independent and like to be different from others.”可知，青少年开始变得独立，并且喜欢与众不同，此处可描述该情况给人的印象，F选项“这常常让他们看起来难以接近。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“The talk is about some common and unimportant things in life, such as the weather, food and daily life.”可知，这段对话讲的是一些日常生活里很普通、不重要的小事，比如天气、食物这些，此处可描述该做法的好处，A选项“它在打破僵局方面真的很管用。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“This can help you learn more about teenagers and their interests.”可知，这能帮你更深入地了解青少年及其兴趣所在，此处应给出聊天的建议，B选项“来聊聊兴趣爱好和空闲时间的活动吧！”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Teenagers often enjoy talking about their personal experiences.”可知，青少年通常喜欢谈论他们的个人经历，所以此处可以描述跟个人经历有关的话题，E选项“你可以问问他们最喜欢的假期。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“It’s necessary to know that every teenager is unique (独一无二的).”可知，有必要知道，每个青少年都是独一无二的，此处可描述有关独一无二的内容，C选项“所以，并不是所有这些技能都对每个人有效。”符合语境。故选C。 （三） （25-26八年级上·广东广州·期中）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容将下面五个选项中的句子还原到文中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。 As people have more and more competition in the modern world, the pressure from education, job or family will be heavier and heavier. 1 A person in a bad mood will do worse in his job and often have problems with his family, friends or workmates. If this goes on for a long time, he may lose his job, friends, or even his family. 2 But it is easier said than done. How can you keep a good mood every day? Firstly, always keep a smile on your face. 3 This will make all the things around you nice and peaceful. It will help you to keep yourself in a good mood. 4 This kind of music can make you relaxed and reduce sad feelings, especially when you are too angry to say a word. Just listen to it, for some time. It will make you happy again soon. Thirdly, eating is also a good way to keep a good mood. 5 But I think it is wrong. As for me, nothing is better than eating some delicious food. Eating can satisfy my stomach. It really can change my mood. A．Secondly, listen to some soft and gentle music. B．Many people often get angry easily and are in a bad mood (心情). C．When you smile at others, they will smile back to you. D．So it is important for a person to keep a good mood all the time. E．Some people think they do not want to eat when they feel unhappy. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述现代社会人们面临诸多压力，坏情绪会带来很多不良影响，并介绍了三种保持好心情的方法。 【详解】1．根据上文“As people have more and more competition in the modern world, the pressure from education, job or family will be heavier and heavier.”以及下文“A person in a bad mood will do worse in his job and often have problems with his family, friends or workmates.”可知，此处承接上文压力大，引出很多人容易生气、情绪低落。选项B“Many people often get angry easily and are in a bad mood.”衔接上下文。 2．根据上文“If this goes on for a long time, he may lose his job, friends, or even his family.”以及下文“But it is easier said than done. How can you keep a good mood every day?”可知，此处总结拥有好心情很重要，引出下文如何保持好心情。选项D“So it is important for a person to keep a good mood all the time.”起到承上启下的作用。 3．根据上文“Firstly, always keep a smile on your face.”以及下文“This will make all the things around you nice and peaceful.”可知，此处介绍微笑带来的影响。选项C“When you smile at others, they will smile back to you.”承接微笑这个话题。 4．根据下文“This kind of music can make you relaxed and reduce sad feelings, especially when you are too angry to say a word.”可知，本段介绍听音乐的方法，且前文有Firstly，此处用Secondly。选项A“Secondly, listen to some soft and gentle music.”引出本段内容。 5．根据上文“Thirdly, eating is also a good way to keep a good mood.”以及下文“But I think it is wrong.”可知，此处介绍一种关于吃东西和坏心情的看法。选项E“Some people think they do not want to eat when they feel unhappy.”与后文形成转折关系。 （四） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试） From time to time, you may suffer from being overwhelmed (难以承受的). You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless. 1 Here is some advice to help you. Know your feelings. It can be hard sometimes to find the right words to express what you’re feeling. The Feelings Wheel can help. 2 Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center. This can help you get clear about what you’re feeling. Accept what you feel. It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. 3 There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives. Make a list. Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do. Perhaps there is too much to study, or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party. 4 Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer when you finish the list—you would have control over the tasks and yourself! Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice. 5 Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU! 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Be in touch with yourself. B．Start from the inside and move out. C．It is quite natural when humans are facing stress. D．Write down the things that need to get done. E．Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easily. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要围绕 “如何应对难以承受的情绪” 展开，首先指出人们偶尔会产生失望、悲伤、无助等难以承受的负面情绪，随后给出了四条具体建议——了解自身感受（借助情绪轮）、接纳自身感受、列出任务清单（应对事务过多的压力），最后强调管理这类情绪需要时间和练习，要找到适合自己的方法、关注自身，核心是帮助人们学会应对负面情绪、更好地管理自身状态。 【详解】1．根据前文“You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless.”可知，前文描述了人们可能会产生的各种负面情绪，后文“Here is some advice to help you.”引出帮助应对这些情绪的建议，所以，“Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easily.”承接上文提到的负面情绪，说明应对这些情绪并不容易，自然引出下文的建议。 2．根据前文“The Feelings Wheel can help.”及后文“Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the center.”可知，前文提到情绪轮可以提供帮助，后文具体说明使用情绪轮的方法——从中心到外围，所以，“Start from the inside and move out.”承接上文的情绪轮，引出下文使用方法的具体描述，与后文“从中心向外看”的逻辑一致。 3．根据前文“It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end.”及后文“There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives.”可知，前文强调产生这些负面情绪是正常的，后文进一步说明这种感受没有问题，很多人都会有，所以，“It is quite natural when humans are facing stress.”承接上文，解释了产生这些情绪的合理性——人类面对压力时产生这些感受是很自然的，呼应后文“没有问题”的表述。 4．根据前文“Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do. Perhaps there is too much to study, or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party.”及后文“Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency (紧迫性).”可知，前文描述了事情太多导致难以承受的情况，后文提到按重要性或紧迫性列出任务，所以，“Write down the things that need to get done.”承接上文“事情太多”的问题，引出下文“列任务清单”的具体做法，衔接自然。 5．根据前文“Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice.”及后文“Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU!”可知，前文强调管理这些情绪需要时间和练习，后文强调要找到适合自己的方法、珍惜自己，所以，“Be in touch with yourself.”承接上文的“练习管理情绪”，引出下文“找到适合自己的方法”，贴合“关注自身、做好自己”的核心逻辑。 （五） （25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段检测）Feeling upset (沮丧的) is part of life. We cannot control everything that happens around us. However, we can learn to calm ourselves down (冷静). Here are some useful ways to keep cool when we feel upset. Get away from the situation Disagreements with other people can be hard to deal with (解决). 1 Sometimes we need to get away from the situation. It is OK to say, “I’m going to take a break.” Then you can go for a walk or find a quiet place to sit. The purpose is to give yourself some space to calm down.     Accept your thoughts Feeling upset is natural. Everyone gets upset sometimes. 2 When you are upset, say something like this in your head, “I’m feeling really upset right now. That is OK. I can control what I do next.” 3 When we’re upset, sometimes we use unkind words to punish ourselves. We don’t have to do that. To calm down, we can try to say something to make ourselves feel comfortable. Do breathing exercises When we feel upset, the heart beats (跳动) faster. You can use breathing to calm down. If possible, find a place where you can sit comfortably. Then focus on (专注于) your breath, breathing deeply and slowly. 4 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．Accepting that we are upset is healthy. B．Change your language. C．This practice slows down the heart and helps us calm down. D．Keep quiet to relax yourself. E．They can lead to upset feelings. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当我们感到沮丧时，保持冷静的几种有用方法。 【详解】1．根据上文“Disagreements with other people can be hard to deal with.”可知，此处应表达分歧会造成负面情绪。选项E“They can lead to upset feelings.”中的“They”指代上文的“Disagreements”，说明争执会导致沮丧，从而引出下文需要远离情境的建议。 2．根据本段小标题“Accept your thoughts”和上文“Feeling upset is natural.”可知，此处应表达接纳负面情绪的意义。选项A“Accepting that we are upset is healthy.”进一步强调接受沮丧是健康的，与本段主题及上文逻辑一致。 3．此处位于段首，且前后文均有加粗小标题，故此处应填入小标题。本段内容建议不要用不友善的话惩罚自己“We don’t have to do that.”，而要说些让自己舒服的话“we can try to say something to make ourselves feel comfortable.”，可知此处应表达调整说话方式。选项B“Change your language.”概括了本段关于改变自我对话语言的核心建议，符合小标题格式。 4．根据本段小标题“Do breathing exercises”，以及上文提到心跳加快以及深呼吸的做法，可知此处应表达深呼吸带来的作用。选项C“This practice slows down the heart and helps us calm down.”中“This practice”指代前面的“breathing deeply and slowly”，说明了呼吸练习的效果（减缓心跳、帮助冷静），承接上文做法，符合语境。 话题4 探索自然 （一） （26-27八年级上·山东·单元测试）Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months. 1 Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29. But Mr Purja was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing. There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. 2 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by ROK climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013. Mr Purja named his challenge “Project Possible”. 3 On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. Though Mr Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 4 Mr Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him. 5 “People are only limited (限制) by their imagination,” he says. “If you don’t dream, then you won’t do it.” A．He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan. B．Mr Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas. C．His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months. D．He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal. E．They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour. F．He hopes his efforts will inspire others. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文围绕尼泊尔登山家Nirmal Purja的登山壮举展开，介绍了他的背景、挑战目标、打破纪录的过程，以及他面对的困难和传递的精神。 【详解】1．下文提到虽然他出生在海拔1600米的地方，但直到29岁才攀登高山。B选项“Mr Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas.”介绍Purja先生的出生地，承接下文关于他出生地点的描述，语义连贯。 2．上文提到世界上只有14座海拔超过8000米的山峰，后文介绍攀登这14座山峰的旧纪录。C选项“His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months.”说明他的目标是在不到7个月内攀登完所有山峰，引出下文旧纪录进行对比，承接上下文，语义连贯。 3．上文Purja把这项挑战命名为“Project Possible”，后文说在10月29日，也就是开始六个多月后，他完成了第14座山峰的攀登。D选项“He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal.”介绍这项挑战的开始时间和首座攀登的山峰，和后文结束时间对应，承接上下文，语义连贯。 4．上文举例，在攀登希夏邦马峰时，Purja和团队连续攀登15小时。E选项“They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour.”描述他们需要面对时速75公里的大风，体现攀登过程的艰难，承接上下文，语义连贯。 5．上文Purja认为强健的身体和当兵时的训练帮助了他，后文是他的感悟：人只会被自己的想象力限制。F选项“He hopes his efforts will inspire others.”说明他希望自己的努力可以激励他人，引出后面他说的名言，承接上下文，语义连贯。 （二） （25-26八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 The Chinese TV show To the Wonder has made Altay more popular. It is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay (我的阿勒泰) and tells the story of a girl named Li Wenxiu. 1 It makes Altay a hot sight for travellers. Altay is in northern Xinjiang. 2 One famous place of Altay is the Kanas area. There are beautiful lakes like Kanas Lake, White Lake, Double Lake, and Black Lake. The Kanas River flows through some pretty valleys. 3 . In spring and summer, green trees and snowy mountains create a wonderful view. Flowers make the land even more colorful. In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red. 4 Animals and round tents add to the beauty of nature. Altay is also known for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own traditions and language. 5 Visitors can enjoy busy markets, taste local food, and meet friendly people. They can also hike, camp, and ski. With its amazing nature, rich culture, and fun outdoor activities, Altay is a must-visit place for visitors. A．The show is full of scenes of beautiful grassland and mountains. B．The number of travellers is growing. C．It has amazing high mountains, clear rivers, and thick forests. D．That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely. E．This area has different looks in different seasons. F．In winter, everything is covered in ice and snow. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文围绕电视剧《我的阿勒泰》引出阿勒泰地区，依次介绍阿勒泰的地理位置自然风光、四季景色、多元民俗文化，最后总结阿勒泰是绝佳旅游胜地。 【详解】1．前文介绍《我的阿勒泰》这部电视剧改编自书籍并讲述主角故事，后文说明它让阿勒泰成为热门旅游地。A选项“The show is full of scenes of beautiful grassland and mountains.”承接剧集内容，用剧中优美的风光画面解释剧集带动阿勒泰热度的原因，衔接上下文。 2．前文交代阿勒泰位于新疆北部，后文开始列举当地知名景区。C选项“It has amazing high mountains, clear rivers, and thick forests.”整体概述阿勒泰独有的自然风貌，承接地理位置，引出下文具体景点介绍。 3．后文详细描写春夏、秋季的不同景色，整段围绕四季景色展开。E选项“This area has different looks in different seasons.”作为总起句，统领本段四季风光的描写，逻辑通顺。 4．前文写完秋天树叶变黄变红的景致，按照春夏秋冬的行文顺序，接下来描写冬季景色。F选项“In winter, everything is covered in ice and snow.”接续秋景，完成四季景色的完整叙述，后文再搭配野生动物内容贴合自然主题。 5．前文讲述阿勒泰聚居多个少数民族，每个族群拥有专属传统与语言。D选项“That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely.”点明多民族造就多彩地域文化，承接上文族群介绍，引出下文游客体验民俗、美食、户外活动的内容。 （三） （25-26八年级上·黑龙江绥化·阶段检测）根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Greenland is the largest island in the world. 1 There is another island near Greenland. It is small. Its name is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm? 2 If you do, you are wrong. Not many people live on Greenland. That is because Greenland is not green but white. 3 The ice covering Greenland is even higher than the world’s tallest building. What about Iceland? 4 No. Iceland also has ice on it, but not so much ice as Greenland. 5 They give out hot water and steam (水蒸气), so the weather is not so cold as that of Greenland. And there are many more people who live on Iceland. A．Is it colder than Greenland? B．Do you think that Iceland is white with ice? C．There are a lot of hot springs (温泉) on it. D．It is in the north of Europe. E．Most of the island is covered by lots of ice. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了格陵兰岛和冰岛，纠正大家对这两个岛名字带来的误解：格陵兰岛大部分被冰覆盖，冰岛冰更少，岛上有温泉，气候相对暖和。 【详解】1．上文介绍格陵兰岛是世界上最大的岛，此处补充其地理位置“It is in the north of Europe.”说明它位于欧洲北部，与下文提到附近的冰岛衔接。 2．上文问格陵兰岛是否绿色温暖，此处句式呼应前文“Do you think…”，并列询问“Do you think that Iceland is white with ice.”，引出下文“如果你这样想就错了”，构成对比。 3．上文提到格陵兰岛是白色的，下文描述冰的高度，此处说明“Most of the island is covered by lots of ice.”，解释了大部分岛屿被冰覆盖，承上启下，自然过渡。 4．下文回答“No”，表明此处应为一般疑问句，B选项已经使用，且后文“but not so much ice as Greenland.”，说明此处询问“Is it colder than Greenland?”将冰岛与格陵兰岛对比提问，会更冷吗，符合语境。 5．根据下文“They”指代复数名词，且提到放出热水和蒸汽，说明此处介绍“There are a lot of hot springs (泉) on it.”，点明岛上有很多温泉，引出下文的水蒸气。 （四） （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）The world’s largest and also the most famous rainforest is the Amazon Rainforest. 60% is in Brazil and 13% is in Peru in South America. 1 The Congo Rainforest in Africa and the Southeast Asian rainforests in Asia are smaller than it. The rainforest has an area of over 5.5 million square kilometers. 2 Like other rainforests, the Amazon Rainforest is pretty thick. The plants cover the sky. Different animal species live in different parts of the huge trees. It often rains in the rainforest, so the rain washes away the soil. 3 4 For example, the largest cat in the Western Hemisphere and one of the world’s largest snakes are found here. The snake is 7 meters long and can kill an animal much bigger than it. The Amazon is the world’s largest rainforest. 5 Farmers cut down the rainforest to plant. Environmentalists around the world took steps to save the Amazon Rainforest, but what they did made little difference. A．There are millions of plant and animal species in the Amazon Rainforest. B．The rainforest soils are very thin. C．The Amazon Rainforest is the number one on the planet. D．On land, many of the world’s largest animals live here. E．However, it is becoming smaller rapidly. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文介绍了亚马逊雨林的地理位置、面积、动植物资源以及当前面临的威胁。 【详解】1．第一段介绍亚马逊雨林是世界上最大、最著名的雨林，后文说刚果雨林和东南亚雨林比它小，此处需强调亚马逊雨林在地球上的首要地位。C选项“The Amazon Rainforest is the number one on the planet.”与前后文衔接，符合逻辑。 2．第一段介绍亚马逊雨林面积超过550万平方公里，后文介绍雨林植被茂密，此处需说明雨林中有数百万种动植物。A选项“There are millions of plant and animal species in the Amazon Rainforest.”与前后文衔接，符合逻辑。 3．第二段介绍雨林经常下雨，雨水冲刷土壤，此处需说明雨林土壤非常贫瘠。B选项“The rainforest soils are very thin.”承接前句，说明雨水冲刷导致土壤变薄，符合逻辑。 4．第三段介绍亚马逊雨林有西半球最大的猫科动物和世界上最大的蛇之一，此处需引出该地区有许多世界上最大的动物这一主题。D选项“On land, many of the world’s largest animals live here.”作为段首句，引出后文的具体举例，符合逻辑。 5．最后一段介绍亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林，后句说农民砍伐雨林种植作物，此处需说明雨林正在迅速变小。E选项“However, it is becoming smaller rapidly.”与前后文衔接，与前后文形成转折关系，引出后文对砍伐问题的说明，符合逻辑。 （五） （25-26八年级下·湖南·课后作业）Mountains are usually not nice places for people to live in. This is mainly because the weather in mountains is not as good as that in low areas. 1 Few people live in the mountains that are over 2,500 meters high, because it’s difficult for people to breathe. If a mountain is more than 8,000 meters high, for example, Qomolangma, there’s not enough air for people. This is known as one of the most dangerous areas. However, mountains are important to people. Most water in the rivers is from the snow and rain water of the mountains. Lots of people in the world depend on mountains to get drinking water. Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产). 2 Many people also go to mountains to spend their holidays during the hot summer, because it’s much cooler there. 3 The sport first became popular in England. However, only a few people reached the tops of the highest mountains at that time. 4 Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world. A．Mountain climbing has a history of over150 years. B．The higher a mountain is, the less air there will be. C．People living in the mountains depend on them to make a living. D．Now more and more people try to climb the highest mountains. E．As we all know, there are many kinds of mountains in the world. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了山区环境恶劣不适合居住，但山脉对人类至关重要，不仅是河流水源地、矿产富集区，也是避暑胜地和登山运动的发源地与热门场所。 【详解】1．根据“This is mainly because the weather in mountains is not as good as that in low areas.”可知，山区的天气通常不如低海拔地区好，这正是山上没有人能居住的好地方的主要原因，此处应描述该现象的原因，B选项“山越高，空气就越稀薄。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Mountains are also rich in minerals (矿产).”可知，山区还富含矿产资源，此处应描述丰富的矿产能给山里的人们带来的好处，C选项“山里的人们依靠大山维持生计。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“The sport first became popular in England.”可知，这项运动最初在英国流行起来，此处应描述该项运动的历史，A选项“登山运动已有超过150年的历史。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Mountain climbing has become a popular sport in the world.”可知，登山运动已成为全球一项流行的体育活动，此处应描述其受欢迎的表现，D选项“现在越来越多的人尝试攀登最高的山峰。”符合语境。故选D。 （26-27八年级上·山东东营·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Do you often run outside to keep healthy? Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth? 1 Plogging, a new way to exercise, began in Sweden. The name “plogging” comes from two words — the Swedish (瑞典的) word “plocka”, which means to “pick up”, and the word “jogging”, which means “to run slowly”. A Swedish man called Erik started the movement. 2 He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more. 3 . To his joy, more and more people followed him and plogging became popular. Many people choose plogging instead of just jogging because they think plogging is a good way to help clean up the earth. Sometimes rubbish is difficult to collect because it may scatter (分散) all around. But if the runners pick up the rubbish on the way, it is quite different. 4 . Another reason is that plogging burns more calories (卡路里). According to research, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns 39 calories. 5 It’s time for us to take action together. So ready? Let’s plog tomorrow! A．After all, many hands make light work. B．Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win—win (双赢) situation. C．He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work every day. D．Instead, he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time. E．It’s necessary for us to spend more time picking rubbish. F．Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up! 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文介绍plogging这项起源于瑞典的新型运动，它把慢跑和捡垃圾相结合，既锻炼身体又清理环境，讲述这项运动的起源、优势并号召大家行动起来。 【详解】1．根据前文两个问句“Do you often run outside to keep healthy? Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth?”，此处需要一个过渡句，引出下文plogging这种运动。选项B“Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win—win (双赢) situation.”，承接上文，引出下文这种兼顾健身与环保的双赢运动，符合语境。 2．根据前文“A Swedish man called Erik started the movement.”，后文介绍Erik看到环境脏乱的经历，本句讲述他发现的环境问题。选项C“He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work every day.”，承接上文人物Erik，交代他发起这项运动的起因，符合语境。 3．根据前文“He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more.”，后文提到越来越多人跟随他，plogging流行起来。选项D“Instead, he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time.”，“Instead”表示转折，说明他不再骑车上班，改为跑步上班同时捡垃圾，衔接上下文，符合语境。 4．根据前文“But if the runners pick up the rubbish on the way, it is quite different.”，本段介绍人们选择plogging的第一个原因。选项A“After all, many hands make light work.”，表达众人拾柴火焰高，说明跑步者沿路捡垃圾，众人一起行动就能解决垃圾收集难题，符合语境。 5．根据后文“It’s time for us to take action together.”，本空为段落主题句，号召大家一起参与清理地球。选项F“Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up!”，引出后文呼吁大家共同行动，符合语境。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $