专题02 Units 5～6（语法综合练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册

专题01 Units5 ~6（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 1、 单项选择 1．The engineers fixed the ________ base. A．shake B．shook C．shaky D．shaking 2．Ms. Chen tells her students ________ unhealthy food. A．don’t eat B．not to eat C．to not eat D．not eat 3．My mother often tells me ________ in the street. It’s dangerous. A．not to play B．don’t play C．not play D．to not play 4．Our teachers and parents always warn us ________ in the river. It’s too dangerous. A．to not swim B．swimming C．not to swim D．not swimming 5．He got up early ________ miss the bus. A．in order not to B．in order to not C．not in order to D．in order don’t 6．He decided ________on with his study on the wild animals. A．don’t go B．doesn’t go C．not go D．not to go 7．My father told me ________ too much time on computer games. A．not to spend B．don’t spend C．not spend D．to not spend 8．— Can you teach me how ________ this kind of salad? — Sure. It’s very easy. A．make B．making C．to make D．made 9．—Could you tell us ________ the sports meeting this term?   —On the playground at Woodland High School. A．why to have B．how to hold C．where to hold D．when to have 10．Tom was late for school again. The form teacher told him ________. A．to try not to be late B．not to try to be late C．to try don’t be late D．not trying to be late 11．We took ________ photos in the old street than we did last year. A．more B．many C．much D．most 12．The giraffe is much ________ than the deer. A．taller B．tall C．tallest D．the tallest 13．We should eat ________ fruit and vegetables, and eat ________ junk food. A．less; less B．less; more C．more; less D．more; more 14．—It seems too much housework waiting for us, Jessica. —Yes. The more careful we are, the ________ we will finish. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．most early 15．— How can I get a good mark in the mid-term exam? —________ you write, ________ mistakes you will make. A．The more careful; less B．The more careful; the less C．The more carefully; fewer D．The more carefully; the fewer 16．—Sandy, the number of people going camping for holidays this year is ________ than ________ last year. —Yes, more and more travelers go camping to relax themselves. A．much more; those B．many more; that C．much larger; the one D．much smaller; that 17．The more you share, ________ you will be. A．happy B．happier C．the happier D．the happiest 18．—Tom always talks loudly with his friends, but his sister Lucy is quite different. —Yes, I noticed Lucy is even ________ when meeting new people. A．shy B．shyer C．shyest D．the shyest 19．Daniel has ________ free time than Amy. He is always busy helping others. A．few B．little C．fewer D．less 20．—Do you know Zhajiang noodles? —Yes. They’re one of ________ foods in Shanxi and I think they taste ________ than any other food. A．popular; good B．more popular; better C．the most popular; better D．popular; the better 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．I think she will be much ________ (sad) after hearing the terrible news. 2．The sunflower in our garden is ________ (tall) than that one. 3．Thank god! Your mother looks much ________ (health) now. 4．The weather will be even ________ (bad) the day after tomorrow. 5．Rose thinks she is a little ________ (lazy) than her sister. 6．The _________ (much) junk food you eat, the worse your health will be. 7．Our teacher asked us ________ (not play) basketball on the playground. 8．It’s ________ for Tim to be late today. He always gets to school earliest. (usual) 9．The Sydney Opera House is surely the best place ________ (see) the performing arts. 10．—What will you do after you finish the homework? —I have no idea. But my mum expects me ________(help) with the housework. 3、 完成句子 1．这些课程教会我们面对危险如何生存。 These lessons teach us how to survive ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 2．为了探索湖泊，游客可以乘船、骑自行车或步行。 To ________ the lake, travelers can take ________, ride bicycles or just walk around it. 3．老师警告学生们不要在河里游泳。 The teacher warns the students ________ ________ ________ in the river. 4．由于政府的保护，我们现在仍然能体验平遥的过去。 ________ to government protection, we can still experience the past life of Pingyao. 5．故宫有超过70座不同大小的宫殿。 There are ________ than 70 palaces of ________ sizes in the Palace Museum. 6．死谷是地球上最热的地方。 Death Valley is ________________________________________________. 7．有些星星比其他星星更亮。 Some stars shine ________ than others. 8．火星的直径大约是6800公里。 Mars has a ________ of around 6,800 kilometers. 9．冥王星绕太阳运行一周大约需要248个地球年。 It takes Pluto about 248 Earth years to ________ around the Sun. 10．青岩古镇的夜景比我预期的更美丽。 The night view of the Qingyan Ancient Town is ________ ________ than I expected. 4、 语法选择 Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. However, we 1 life on any other planets yet. The earth is 2 planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. 3 of them has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find life on them. The sun and its planets are called the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much 4 group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way. There are billions of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them. Scientists have also discovered many other 5 in the universe. They are very far away and their light has to travel 6 many years to reach us. So how large is the universe? It is impossible to imagine. Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars 7 photos. They have even sent spaceships to travel outside the solar system. However, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy. Scientists have always asked the questions: with so many stars in the universe, are we alone, 8 is there life out there in space? Have there been visitors to the earth from other planets? 9 has no one communicated with us? We haven’t known the answers 10   . 1．A．don’t find B．didn’t find C．haven’t found 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．None B．All C．Neither 4．A．large B．larger C．the largest 5．A．galaxy B．galaxies C．galaxy’s 6．A．for B．in C．at 7．A．take B．taking C．to take 8．A．and B．or C．but 9．A．What B．How C．Why 10．A．too B．yet C．already 五、短文选词填空 （一） 阅读短文，从方框中选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 build   protect   show   from   quick   enemy   and   they   be   longer The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. It is about 8800 kilometers long. It goes 1 Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west. People started 2 the constructions 2,500 years ago during the Warring States Period (战国时期). Back then, governments like Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Yan, and Zhongshan all built walls to 3 their people. Later, the first emperor, Qin Shihuang, joined all these walls together to make the Great Wall. People built these early walls with earth 4 wood. Rain and wind broke 5 down over time. Very few of these early walls 6 standing today. Most of the Great Wall we can see now are built during the Ming Dynasty. Builders used stone and bricks (砖头) to build them, so the Wall would last 7 . Ancient people first built the Great Wall to keep their 8 out. To help soldiers 9 send messages, the ancient people designed some watchtowers on the wall. This 10 the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. The Great Wall is not only a place of interest but also a symbol of the Chinese nation. （二） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 cause  drop  they  big  well  heat  to  explore  difference  nor The universe is huge and full of wonders. Earth and its neighbors in the solar system are interesting. Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. So, it gets lots of 1 from the Sun. In daytime, the temperature on its surface can get over 400 degrees Celsius, and at night, it 2 down to -10 degrees Celsius. Venus is similar 3 Earth in size but its thick air is full of CO2. This 4 a strong greenhouse effect, making the surface temperature around 460 degrees Celsius. It’s too hot. So, neither people 5 most other living things can live there. Earth is special. It’s at just the right distance from the Sun. There is plenty of water as 6 as some dry land on the surface of the Earth. With water and land, people can live and grow food on the Earth. Mars, the “Red Planet”, has a rocky surface. It’s colder than Earth, with an average temperature of about -60 degrees Celsius. The two planets have many 7 but there’s also ice on Mars! So scientists are trying 8 best to find life on Mars. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are much 9 than the inner planets. There’s an Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter. In short, Earth and its neighbors are different in size, composition (构成), and their environments. As we 10 more, we’ll find more amazing facts. 六、短文填空 Bally Bhamra started travelling the world at the age of 60. After working for 40 years, she decided it was her time to explore. Now in her seventies, she is ready 1 (visit) new and exciting places and that’s what she is doing. Instead of staying in hotels like most travelers, Bally likes to go somewhere 2 (interest). She often travels 3 village to village and stays with friendly local families. She explains, “I go into villages, stay with the local people, understand 4 (they) way of life, and appreciate (欣赏) that. I help them do gardening in the sun and wash the 5 (dish). I’m not just a traveller; I’m probably more like 6 member of their family.” In Namibia, she once stayed in a place without running water or toilets, but she still felt happy. She even travelled across rivers and 7 (spend) two days on a wooden boat with no seats! Bally doesn’t feel like 8 (explore) with others, and people often ask her why. “Travelling alone gives me freedom,” she says. Bally thinks that if a man can do something, a woman can do it too! 9 capable (能力强的) Bally is! 60 sometimes travelling alone is dangerous. Does she ever feel afraid? “No,” she says. “And danger is everywhere, even in my house.” Travelling alone makes Bally feel really happy! She wants to show other old women and girls that they should never let age or fear (害怕) stop them from going out into the world. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units5~6（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 1、 单项选择 1．The engineers fixed the ________ base. A．shake B．shook C．shaky D．shaking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：工程师们修复了它摇晃不稳的底座。 空格位于名词base之前，需用形容词作定语修饰名词，shaky意为“摇晃的”，符合语境。应填shaky。 2．Ms. Chen tells her students ________ unhealthy food. A．don’t eat B．not to eat C．to not eat D．not eat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：陈老师告诉她的学生们不要吃不健康的食物。 考查动词不定式的否定形式。don’t eat不要吃，祈使句形式；not to eat不要吃；to not eat语序错误；not eat语法错误。根据“Ms. Chen tells her students...unhealthy food.”可知，tell后接宾语加不定式结构，tell sb. to do sth.表示“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式需在不定式前加not，即“not to do”。故选B。 3．My mother often tells me ________ in the street. It’s dangerous. A．not to play B．don’t play C．not play D．to not play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩耍，这很危险。 考查动词不定式。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，此处要用动词不定式的否定形式，故选A。 4．Our teachers and parents always warn us ________ in the river. It’s too dangerous. A．to not swim B．swimming C．not to swim D．not swimming 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师和父母总是警告我们不要在河里游泳。太危险了。 固定搭配：warn sb. (not) to do sth.意为“警告某人（不）要做某事”，不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not。根据“It’s too dangerous.”可知，此处表示警告不要去游泳，应填not to swim。 5．He got up early ________ miss the bus. A．in order not to B．in order to not C．not in order to D．in order don’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他起得很早，为了不错过公交车。 in order not to为了不；in order to not错误表达；not in order to错误表达；in order don’t错误表达。in order to“为了”，后接动词原形；其否定形式是在to之前加not，即in order not to do sth.，意为“为了不做某事”。根据句意可知早起是为了“不错过”公交车，应用否定形式，应填in order not to。 6．He decided ________on with his study on the wild animals. A．don’t go B．doesn’t go C．not go D．not to go 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他决定不继续他对野生动物的研究。 decide后接动词不定式作宾语，其否定形式是在to前加not，即decide not to do sth.。 7．My father told me ________ too much time on computer games. A．not to spend B．don’t spend C．not spend D．to not spend 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父亲告诉我不要花太多时间在电脑游戏上。固定搭配tell sb. (not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not，即not to spend。 8．— Can you teach me how ________ this kind of salad? — Sure. It’s very easy. A．make B．making C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能教我怎么制作这种沙拉吗？——当然。这很容易。“疑问词how + 不定式”结构作宾语，表示“如何做某事”，因此应用to make。 9．—Could you tell us ________ the sports meeting this term?   —On the playground at Woodland High School. A．why to have B．how to hold C．where to hold D．when to have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我们这学期的运动会在哪里举办吗？——在伍德兰高中的操场上。 why to have为什么要举办（询问原因）；how to hold如何举办（询问方式）；where to hold在哪里举办（询问地点）；when to have何时举办（询问时间）。根据答句“On the playground at Woodland High School”可知，回答的是地点，问句询问“在哪里举办”，应填where to hold。 10．Tom was late for school again. The form teacher told him ________. A．to try not to be late B．not to try to be late C．to try don’t be late D．not trying to be late 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆上学又迟到了。班主任告诉他尽量不要迟到。 根据“Tom was late for school again.”可知，汤姆上学又迟到了，因此班主任告诉他尽量不要迟到，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，try not to do sth.“尽量不要做某事”，应填to try not to be late。 11．We took ________ photos in the old street than we did last year. A．more B．many C．much D．most 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们在老街拍了比去年更多的照片。more更多的；many许多；much许多；most最多的。根据“than”可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，应用比较级。 12．The giraffe is much ________ than the deer. A．taller B．tall C．tallest D．the tallest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：长颈鹿比鹿高得多。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，much修饰比较级表示“……得多”。 13．We should eat ________ fruit and vegetables, and eat ________ junk food. A．less; less B．less; more C．more; less D．more; more 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该吃更多的水果和蔬菜，并且吃更少的垃圾食品。more更多的，less更少的。根据健康饮食常识可知，对于水果和蔬菜应多吃，对于垃圾食品应少吃，more; less符合语境。 14．—It seems too much housework waiting for us, Jessica. —Yes. The more careful we are, the ________ we will finish. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．most early 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——似乎有太多家务等着我们，杰西卡。——是的。我们越仔细，就会越早完成。 early早地；earlier更早地；earliest最早地；most early错误形式。根据“The more careful we are”可知，此处考查“the + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”结构，意为“越……，就越……"，early的比较级为earlier。故选B。 15．— How can I get a good mark in the mid-term exam? —________ you write, ________ mistakes you will make. A．The more careful; less B．The more careful; the less C．The more carefully; fewer D．The more carefully; the fewer 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—— 我怎样才能在期中考试取得好成绩？—— 你写得越仔细，犯的错误就越少。 The more careful；less“越仔细；更少”；The more careful；the less“越仔细；越少”；The more carefully； fewer“越仔细；更少”；The more carefully；the fewer“越仔细；越少”。固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……，就越……”。第一空修饰动词write，要用副词carefully的比较级more carefully；mistakes是可数名词复数，要用few的比较级fewer，因此The more carefully；the fewer符合语境。 16．—Sandy, the number of people going camping for holidays this year is ________ than ________ last year. —Yes, more and more travelers go camping to relax themselves. A．much more; those B．many more; that C．much larger; the one D．much smaller; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——桑迪，今年度假去露营的人数比去年那个数字大得多。——是的，越来越多的游客去露营放松自己。much more更多；those那些；many more更多；that那个；much larger（数字）更大；the one这一个；much smaller（数字）更小。根据答句“Yes, more and more travelers go camping to relax themselves.”可知，露营的人数在增加；描述the number（数量）的大小要用large或small，many more不能修饰数字，此处用much larger；第二空用the one指代单数可数名词the number。 17．The more you share, ________ you will be. A．happy B．happier C．the happier D．the happiest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你分享得越多，你就会越快乐。happy快乐的；happier更快乐的；the happier越快乐的；the happiest最快乐的。根据前半句“The more you share”可知，本句表示“越……，越……”，后半句需用"the+ 形容词比较级”结构。应填the happier。 18．—Tom always talks loudly with his friends, but his sister Lucy is quite different. —Yes, I noticed Lucy is even ________ when meeting new people. A．shy B．shyer C．shyest D．the shyest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆总是和他的朋友大声交谈，但他的妹妹露西却截然不同。——是的，我注意到露西在遇到新朋友时甚至更害羞。shy害羞的；shyer更害羞的；shyest最害羞的；the shyest最害羞的。even后面常接比较级，用来加强语气，应填shyer。 19．Daniel has ________ free time than Amy. He is always busy helping others. A．few B．little C．fewer D．less 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Daniel的空闲时间比Amy少，他总是忙着帮助别人。 few少的，修饰可数名词；little少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的；less更少的。“than”表比较；time为不可数名词，“更少” 用less修饰。 20．—Do you know Zhajiang noodles? —Yes. They’re one of ________ foods in Shanxi and I think they taste ________ than any other food. A．popular; good B．more popular; better C．the most popular; better D．popular; the better 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道炸酱面吗？——知道。它们是山西最受欢迎的食物之一，我认为它们尝起来比其他任何食物都好吃。固定结构“one of+the+形容词最高级”，表示“……中最……之一”。表达“最受欢迎的食物之一”，要用最高级the most popular。句子后半句有“than”，说明要用比较级。“taste”是系动词，后面接形容词比较级better，表示“尝起来更好”，符合语境。故选C。 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．I think she will be much ________ (sad) after hearing the terrible news. 【答案】sadder 【详解】句意：我认为她听到这个坏消息后会难过得多。much修饰形容词/副词比较级，用来加深程度，表示“……得多”，sad“难过的”的比较级是sadder。 2．The sunflower in our garden is ________ (tall) than that one. 【答案】taller 【详解】句意：我们花园里的向日葵比那棵高。根据句中“than that one”可知，此处表示两者进行比较，应用形容词的比较级形式。tall“高的”，形容词，其比较级为taller。 3．Thank god! Your mother looks much ________ (health) now. 【答案】healthier 【详解】句意：谢天谢地！你妈妈现在看起来健康多了。句中“much”为程度副词，常用于修饰形容词的比较级，表示“……得多”，提示此处应用比较级形式。health的形容词形式为healthy，其比较级需将词尾y变为i再加-er，故填healthier。 4．The weather will be even ________ (bad) the day after tomorrow. 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：后天的天气将会更糟糕。原句中“even”是关键词，它是修饰比较级的常用词，意为“甚至更……”，提示此处应用形容词的比较级形式。“bad”是不规则形容词，其比较级为“worse”，故填worse。 5．Rose thinks she is a little ________ (lazy) than her sister. 【答案】lazier 【详解】句意：罗斯认为她比她妹妹懒一点。句中出现了关键的提示词than（比），这是使用形容词/副词比较级的标志，需要把给出的形容词lazy变为对应的比较级形式。lazy是以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，按照变化规则，要先把y变为i，再加-er，最终得到lazier，意思是“更懒的”。 6．The _________ (much) junk food you eat, the worse your health will be. 【答案】more 【详解】句意：你吃的垃圾食品越多，你的健康状况就会越差。根据后半句中的“the worse your health will be”可知，此处是固定结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，就越……”；所给词much在句中修饰不可数名词junk food，其比较级形式为more。 7．Our teacher asked us ________ (not play) basketball on the playground. 【答案】not to play 【详解】句意：我们老师要求我们不要在操场上打篮球。固定搭配ask sb. not to do sth.意为“要求某人不要做某事”，所以这里要用不定式的否定形式，应填not to play。 8．It’s ________ for Tim to be late today. He always gets to school earliest. (usual) 【答案】unusual 【详解】句意：蒂姆今天迟到是不寻常的。他总是最早到校。空格前有“It’s”，后需填形容词作表语；根据后文“He always gets to school earliest”可知，蒂姆今天迟到与平时表现相反，故用“usual”的反义词“unusual”，意为“不寻常的”。 9．The Sydney Opera House is surely the best place ________ (see) the performing arts. 【答案】to see 【详解】句意：悉尼歌剧院无疑是观赏表演艺术的最佳场所。空格前为名词place，且前面有最高级the best修饰，需要动词不定式作后置定语修饰place，故填to see。 10．—What will you do after you finish the homework? —I have no idea. But my mum expects me ________(help) with the housework. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：——你做完作业后要做什么？——我不知道。但是妈妈期待我帮忙做家务。expect sb. to do sth.表示“期待某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to help。 3、 完成句子 1．这些课程教会我们面对危险如何生存。 These lessons teach us how to survive ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 in the face of danger 【详解】原句中“面对危险”是关键词，结合设空数可知，其英文为in the face of danger。 2．为了探索湖泊，游客可以乘船、骑自行车或步行。 To ________ the lake, travelers can take ________, ride bicycles or just walk around it. 【答案】 explore boats 【详解】原句中“探索”和“乘船”是关键词。“探索”对应的英文动词为“explore”；“乘船”对应的表达为“take boats”。不定式符号To后需接动词原形explore作目的状语。 3．老师警告学生们不要在河里游泳。 The teacher warns the students ________ ________ ________ in the river. 【答案】 not to swim 【详解】原句中“不要游泳”是关键词。warn sb not to do sth意为“警告某人不要做某事”。根据中文提示“不要……游泳”，需使用动词不定式的否定形式。题目中共有三个空，故填not；to；swim。 4．由于政府的保护，我们现在仍然能体验平遥的过去。 ________ to government protection, we can still experience the past life of Pingyao. 【答案】Thanks 【详解】原句中“由于”是关键词，表示“由于”的介词短语为thanks to，后接名词短语作原因，句首单词首字母大写。应填Thanks。 5．故宫有超过70座不同大小的宫殿。 There are ________ than 70 palaces of ________ sizes in the Palace Museum. 【答案】 more different 【详解】原句中“超过”和“不同的”是关键词。“超过”用more than表达，题干中“than”已给出，第一空填more；“不同的”用different表达，是形容词，其后接可数名词复数。 6．死谷是地球上最热的地方。 Death Valley is ________________________________________________. 【答案】the hottest place on the earth 【详解】原句中“地球上最热的地方”是关键词。hot意为“热的”，此处使用其最高级hottest表示“最热”，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the；place意为“地方”，单数形式特指“Death Valley”；on the earth意为“在地球上”，固定短语，作地点状语置于句末。应填the hottest place on the earth。 7．有些星星比其他星星更亮。 Some stars shine ________ than others. 【答案】brighter 【详解】原句中“更亮”对应的单词是bright，修饰动词shine需使用副词形式，句中出现比较级标志词than，副词要变为比较级brighter，契合“有些星星比其他星星更亮”的语境语义与语法搭配要求。 8．火星的直径大约是6800公里。 Mars has a ________ of around 6,800 kilometers. 【答案】diameter 【详解】原句中“直径”是关键词，表示“直径”的单词是diameter；固定搭配have a diameter of…表示“直径为……”；本句为主谓宾结构，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。 9．冥王星绕太阳运行一周大约需要248个地球年。 It takes Pluto about 248 Earth years to ________ around the Sun. 【答案】go 【详解】原句中“绕……运行”为关键信息，固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.，to后面接动词原形，go around表示“环绕、绕着……运转”。 10．青岩古镇的夜景比我预期的更美丽。 The night view of the Qingyan Ancient Town is ________ ________ than I expected. 【答案】 more beautiful 【详解】原句中“比……更美丽”是关键词。根据中文“比……更美丽”以及英文句中的关键词than，可知此处需要使用形容词的比较级。“美丽”的英文单词是beautiful，beautiful是多音节形容词，变比较级时不能在词尾加-er，而需要在词前加more，因此“更美丽”翻译为more beautiful，对应两个空格，符合题意。 4、 语法选择 Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. However, we 1 life on any other planets yet. The earth is 2 planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. 3 of them has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find life on them. The sun and its planets are called the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much 4 group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way. There are billions of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them. Scientists have also discovered many other 5 in the universe. They are very far away and their light has to travel 6 many years to reach us. So how large is the universe? It is impossible to imagine. Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars 7 photos. They have even sent spaceships to travel outside the solar system. However, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy. Scientists have always asked the questions: with so many stars in the universe, are we alone, 8 is there life out there in space? Have there been visitors to the earth from other planets? 9 has no one communicated with us? We haven’t known the answers 10   . 1．A．don’t find B．didn’t find C．haven’t found 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．None B．All C．Neither 4．A．large B．larger C．the largest 5．A．galaxy B．galaxies C．galaxy’s 6．A．for B．in C．at 7．A．take B．taking C．to take 8．A．and B．or C．but 9．A．What B．How C．Why 10．A．too B．yet C．already 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 50．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球上的生命情况、太阳系的构成、银河系的概念，以及科学家对宇宙中其他生命的探索和思考。 1．句意：然而，我们还没有在任何其他行星上发现生命。 don’t find一般现在时的否定； didn’t find一般过去时的否定； haven’t found现在完成时的否定。由“yet”可知，此句是现在完成时。故选C。 2．句意：地球是一颗行星，它绕着太阳转。 a一个，用于辅音音素前，表泛指； an一个，用于元音音素前，表泛指； the这个，表特指。“planet”以辅音音素开头，且表示泛指，故应用不定冠词a。故选A。 3．句意：它们都没有地球那样的环境，所以科学家们认为它们不会在上面找到生命。 none没有一个，用于三者及以上； all 全部，用于三者及以上； neither两者都不，用于两者之间。由“scientists do not think they will find life on them.”可知，此空表否定，由“Seven other planets”可知，范围在三者以上。故选A。 4．句意：太阳及其行星被称为太阳系，而我们的太阳系是一个更大的恒星和行星群的一小部分，被称为银河系。 large大的，原级； larger更大的，比较级； the largest最大的，最高级。“much”是比较级修饰词，后接比较级。故选B。 5．句意：科学家们还发现了宇宙中的许多其他星系。 galaxy星系，单数； galaxies复数；  galaxy’s星系的，名词所有格。由“many other”可知此空用复数。故选B。 6．句意：它们离我们很远，它们的光必须经过多年才能到达我们这里。 for与一段时间连用；in后接未来的时间； at后接时间点。由“many years”可知，此空表示持续很多年，用介词for。故选A。 7．句意：科学家们已将宇宙飞船送往火星拍摄照片。 take带走，动词原形； taking现在分词/动名词； to take动词不定式。由“Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars”和“photos”可知，科学家将宇宙飞船送往火星的目的是拍照，用不定式表目的。故选C。 8．句意：科学家们总是问这样的问题：宇宙中有这么多恒星，我们是孤独的，还是太空中有生命？ and 和，表并列； or 或，还是 ，表选择；but但是，表转折。由于“are we alone”和“is there life out there in space”是两种供选择的情况，应用or。故选B。 9．句意：为什么没有人与我们交流？ What什么； How怎样； Why为什么。由“We haven’t known the answers”可知，为什么没有人和我们交流。故选C。 10．句意：我们还不知道答案。 too也，用于肯定句句末； yet还，用于现在完成时，否定句句末；already已经，用于现在完成时肯定句中。由“haven’t”可知此句是现在完成时的否定形式，应用yet。故选B。 五、短文选词填空 （一） 阅读短文，从方框中选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 build   protect   show   from   quick   enemy   and   they   be   longer The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. It is about 8800 kilometers long. It goes 1 Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west. People started 2 the constructions 2,500 years ago during the Warring States Period (战国时期). Back then, governments like Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Yan, and Zhongshan all built walls to 3 their people. Later, the first emperor, Qin Shihuang, joined all these walls together to make the Great Wall. People built these early walls with earth 4 wood. Rain and wind broke 5 down over time. Very few of these early walls 6 standing today. Most of the Great Wall we can see now are built during the Ming Dynasty. Builders used stone and bricks (砖头) to build them, so the Wall would last 7 . Ancient people first built the Great Wall to keep their 8 out. To help soldiers 9 send messages, the ancient people designed some watchtowers on the wall. This 10 the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people. The Great Wall is not only a place of interest but also a symbol of the Chinese nation. 【答案】 1．from 2．building 3．protect 4．and 5．them 6．are 7．longer 8．enemies 9．quickly 10．shows 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了中国长城的建造历史、材料演变及其功能与象征意义。 【详解】1．句意：它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关。固定搭配“from...to...”表示“从……到……”，此处需填介词from。结合选词框中的单词，from意为“从”，符合语境。 2．句意：人们于2500年前的战国时期开始建造这些工程。固定结构“start doing sth.”表示“开始做某事”，此处需用动名词形式作宾语。结合选词框中的单词，build意为“建造”，其动名词为building，符合语境。 3．句意：当时，秦、魏、赵、齐、燕、中山等诸侯国都筑墙以保护他们的人民。不定式符号to后接动词原形，表示目的，此处意为“保护”。结合选词框中的单词，protect意为“保护”，符合语境。 4．句意：人们用土和木头建造这些早期城墙。此处连接两个并列名词earth和wood，需用连词。结合选词框中的单词，and意为“和；以及”，符合语境。 5．句意：随着时间的推移，风雨把它们侵蚀了。此处作动词broke的宾语，指代前文的“these early walls”，需用人称代词的宾格形式。结合选词框中的单词，they意为“它们”，其宾格为them，符合语境。 6．句意：这些早期城墙如今很少还存留着。主语“Very few of these early walls”为复数，时态为一般现在时，系动词需用are。结合选词框中的单词，be的复数现在时为are，符合语境。 7．句意：建造者使用石头和砖头来建造，这样城墙就能持续更久。根据语境，与早期土木结构相比，石砖更耐久，此处需用比较级表示“更久”。结合选词框中的单词，long意为“长的”，其比较级为longer，符合语境。 8．句意：古人最初建造长城是为了把敌人挡在外面。固定搭配“keep...out”意为“把……挡在外面”，此处需填名词复数表示“敌人”。结合选词框中的单词，enemy意为“敌人”，其复数形式为enemies，符合语境 9．句意：为了帮助士兵快速传递信息，古人在城墙上设计了一些瞭望塔。此处修饰动词send，需用副词，表示“快速地”。结合选词框中的单词，quick意为“快速的”，其副词形式为quickly，符合语境。 10．句意：这展示了中国人民的智慧和辛勤劳动。主语This为单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词需用三单形式，表示“展示”。结合选词框中的单词，show意为“展示”，其三单形式为shows，符合语境。 （二） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 cause  drop  they  big  well  heat  to  explore  difference  nor The universe is huge and full of wonders. Earth and its neighbors in the solar system are interesting. Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. So, it gets lots of 1 from the Sun. In daytime, the temperature on its surface can get over 400 degrees Celsius, and at night, it 2 down to -10 degrees Celsius. Venus is similar 3 Earth in size but its thick air is full of CO2. This 4 a strong greenhouse effect, making the surface temperature around 460 degrees Celsius. It’s too hot. So, neither people 5 most other living things can live there. Earth is special. It’s at just the right distance from the Sun. There is plenty of water as 6 as some dry land on the surface of the Earth. With water and land, people can live and grow food on the Earth. Mars, the “Red Planet”, has a rocky surface. It’s colder than Earth, with an average temperature of about -60 degrees Celsius. The two planets have many 7 but there’s also ice on Mars! So scientists are trying 8 best to find life on Mars. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are much 9 than the inner planets. There’s an Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter. In short, Earth and its neighbors are different in size, composition (构成), and their environments. As we 10 more, we’ll find more amazing facts. 【答案】 1．heat 2．drops 3．to 4．causes 5．nor 6．well 7．differences 8．their 9．bigger 10．explore 【导语】本文主要介绍了太阳系中地球及其邻近行星的特点和差异，包括水星、金星、火星等行星的温度、环境等特征，并强调了地球的特殊性。 【详解】1．句意：因此，它从太阳那里获得大量的热量。根据前文“Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun.”可知，水星离太阳最近，因此会获得大量热量。heat意为“热量”，为不可数名词。故填heat。 2．句意：白天，其表面的温度可达400摄氏度以上，晚上则降至零下10摄氏度。drop down to意为“下降到”，为固定搭配，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语“it”为第三人称单数，所以空格处应填drop的第三人称单数形式drops。故填drops。 3．句意：金星在大小上与地球相似，但其浓密的大气中充满了二氧化碳。be similar to意为“与……相似”，为固定搭配。故填to。 4．句意：这导致了强烈的温室效应，使地表温度达到460摄氏度左右。根据前文“its thick air is full of CO2”和“a strong greenhouse effect”可知，大气中充满了二氧化碳，这导致了强烈的温室效应。动词cause“导致”符合语境，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语“This”为单数，所以空格处应填cause的第三人称单数形式causes。故填causes。 5．句意：因此，无论是人还是大多数其他生物都无法在那里生存。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”，为固定搭配。故填nor。 6．句意：地球表面有大量的水和一些干燥的陆地。as well as意为“和，也”，为固定搭配，此处表示水和陆地。故填well。 7．句意：这两颗行星有很多不同，但火星上也有冰！根据前文“Mars...has a rocky surface. It’s colder than Earth”和备选词汇可知，火星和地球有很多不同之处。名词difference意为“不同之处”，many后接可数名词的复数形式。故填differences。 8．句意：因此科学家们正尽他们最大的努力寻找火星上的生命。try one’s best意为“尽某人最大的努力”，为固定搭配，结合主语“scientists”可知，空格处用they的形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 9．句意：木星、土星、天王星和海王星比内行星大得多。根据“are”和“than”可知，空格处缺少形容词比较级作表语，结合备选词汇，空格处应填形容词big的比较级bigger“更大的”。故填bigger。 10．句意：随着我们探索更多，我们会发现更多惊人的事实。根据“As we...more, we’ll find more amazing facts.”可知，此处是as引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，空格处是从句的谓语动词，应用一般现在时，且要发现更多的事实，需要不断探索，动词explore“探索”符合语境，从句主语“we”需与动词原形连用。故填explore。 六、短文填空 Bally Bhamra started travelling the world at the age of 60. After working for 40 years, she decided it was her time to explore. Now in her seventies, she is ready 1 (visit) new and exciting places and that’s what she is doing. Instead of staying in hotels like most travelers, Bally likes to go somewhere 2 (interest). She often travels 3 village to village and stays with friendly local families. She explains, “I go into villages, stay with the local people, understand 4 (they) way of life, and appreciate (欣赏) that. I help them do gardening in the sun and wash the 5 (dish). I’m not just a traveller; I’m probably more like 6 member of their family.” In Namibia, she once stayed in a place without running water or toilets, but she still felt happy. She even travelled across rivers and 7 (spend) two days on a wooden boat with no seats! Bally doesn’t feel like 8 (explore) with others, and people often ask her why. “Travelling alone gives me freedom,” she says. Bally thinks that if a man can do something, a woman can do it too! 9 capable (能力强的) Bally is! 60 sometimes travelling alone is dangerous. Does she ever feel afraid? “No,” she says. “And danger is everywhere, even in my house.” Travelling alone makes Bally feel really happy! She wants to show other old women and girls that they should never let age or fear (害怕) stop them from going out into the world. 【答案】 1．to visit 2．interesting 3．from 4．their 5．dishes 6．a 7．spent 8．exploring 9．How 10．But 【导语】本文讲述60岁开始环游世界的巴莉·布拉姆拉的旅行方式，她偏爱住当地人家，独自旅行，不惧年龄与危险。 【详解】1．句意：现在她七十多岁了，准备去游览新奇刺激的地方，这正是她在做的事。根据“is ready”可知，此处用固定搭配be ready to do sth.，表示“准备做某事”。故填to visit。 2．句意：巴莉不像大多数旅行者那样住酒店，而是喜欢去有趣的地方。根据“somewhere”可知，此处需要形容词作后置定语，interest的形容词形式interesting表示“有趣的”，修饰物。故填interesting。 3．句意：她经常一村一村地旅行，住在友善的当地家庭里。根据“village to village”可知，此处用固定搭配from...to...，表示“从……到……”。故填from。 4．句意：我走进村庄，住在当地人家里，了解他们的生活方式并欣赏这种生活方式。根据“way of life”可知，此处需要形容词性物主代词作定语，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 5．句意：我帮他们在阳光下打理花园，洗碗。根据“wash the”可知，此处用固定搭配wash the dishes，dish常用复数形式。故填dishes。 6．句意：我可能更像是他们家庭中的一员。根据“member”可知，此处表示泛指“一个成员”，member是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．句意：她甚至乘船渡河，在一艘没有座位的木船上待了两天！根据“travelled”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，and连接并列的谓语动词，spend的过去式是spent。故填spent。 8．句意：巴莉不喜欢和别人一起探索，人们经常问她为什么。根据“doesn’t feel like”可知，此处用固定搭配feel like doing sth.，表示想要做某事。故填exploring。 9．句意：巴莉真是太能干了！根据“capable Bally is”可知，此处是感叹句，形容词capable作表语，用how引导感叹句，句首首字母大写。故填How。 10．句意：但有时独自旅行是很危险的。根据前文夸赞巴莉能干，后文说独自旅行有危险，可知前后是转折关系，用连词but，句首首字母大写。故填But。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $