Units 5～6（语篇综合练）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

专题01 Units 5~6（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空 人与自然：讲述了科学家对火星的探索，特别是关于火星上是否曾经存在水和生命的研究。 阅读A 人与自然：介绍神舟二十号航天员完成任务平安返回，讲述返航推迟原因、应对方案及此次任务的成果与意义。 阅读B 人与自然：讲述了老鼠和同伴登上天宫空间站的旅程、训练经历及后续研究意义。 阅读C 人与自然：介绍了太空淋浴的发展历程。 阅读还原 人与自然：介绍了成为中国航天员的各项要求：要有健康的身体、经历严苛训练、掌握丰富的科学知识；同时也说明，即便成为备用航天员，也未必能真正进入太空，致敬默默付出的航天幕后人员。 任务型阅读1 人与自然：介绍了中国在载人探月方面取得的巨大进步，包括将使用的新技术、对教育的积极影响以及未来的登月计划和深远意义。 任务型阅读2 人与自然：介绍了太空的相关知识，包括人们观测太空的现象、太空的定义、月球的位置以及进入太空的方式等内容。 一、完形填空 （2024-2025上学期·广东广州单元测） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 The planet Mars is the closest and most similar planet to Earth. It is very interesting to scientists. For example, Mars has seasons with 1 weather, but other planets have the same temperatures all year round. Was there 2 on Mars? To find out, scientists need to know if Mars ever had 3 . In 2004, two robot explorers (探测器), or “rovers”, called Spirit and Opportunity were sent to 4 signs (迹象) of water. These rovers can drive over rocks and all kinds of rough ground. They can also use cameras and 5 photos back to Earth. First, the two rovers found chemicals and patterns (样品) in the rocks that were 6 made by water. Then, they moved to another area and found other rocks which may have been created by water. Now scientists 7 there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today they are still not sure if there was life on Mars. They really 8 more information to decide. The discoveries (发现) of the two rovers 9 some old questions, but they also brought up many 10 ones. 1. A. sunny B. warm C. wet D. different 2. A. land B. life C. snow D. rock 3. A. food B. paper C. water D. fruit 4. A. look after B. talk about C. look for D. think of 5. A. send B. take C. return D. sell 6. A. quickly B. probably C. happily D. finally 7. A. think B. save C. tell D. show 8. A. plan B. report C. need D. end 9. A. gave B. left C. asked D. answered 10. A. interesting B. new C. simple D. important 二、阅读理解 A（2025-2026上学期·广东深圳期末） Shenzhou-20 Astronauts Returned Safely to Earth On the afternoon of November 14th, 2025, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie — safely landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. They returned aboard the Shenzhou-21 spaceship, successfully completing their 204-day mission in space. At first, the astronauts were scheduled to return earlier. However, they had to wait nine days longer because a piece of space debris (碎片) hit the spaceship and made a small crack (裂痕) in one of Shenzhou-20’s windows. China had prepared a good backup plan for such situations. Following the plan, the crew transferred to the Shenzhou-21 spaceship for their return journey. This was the first time in China’s space history that a different working spaceship was used to bring astronauts back to Earth. During the extra days in orbit, the Shenzhou-20 crew continued to work with the Shenzhou-21 astronauts, carrying out valuable scientific experiments together. Throughout their long mission, the Shenzhou-20 team completed many important tasks. They performed four spacewalks, moved cargo many times, and did a series of scientific experiments. One successful experiment involved heating a special metal called tungsten alloy (钨合金) to an extremely high temperature of 3100°C. This smooth and safe return shows the strength and trust of China’s space program. The well-prepared repair plan was carried out effectively. The ground team worked together to finish the mission perfectly, and the intelligent spacecraft responded well. After landing, all astronauts were in good health. The mission marks another great achievement for China in space exploration. 1. When did the Shenzhou-20 astronauts first plan to return to Earth? A. November 14th, 2025. B. 204 days ago. C. After nine extra days. D. November 5th, 2025. 2. What caused the late return of the Shenzhou-20 astronauts? A. Space debris caused some damage to Shenzhou-20. B. The weather conditions at the landing site were unsuitable. C. They needed more time to complete scientific experiments. D. The Shenzhou-21 spaceship required additional preparations. 3. How did the Shenzhou-20 crew solve the problem of the late return? A. They repaired the cracked window during a spacewalk. B. They moved to the Shenzhou-21 for the return journey. C. They made their mission shorter and returned at once. D. They waited in orbit until the window was replaced. 4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. Introduction→Problem→Solution→Achievements→Result B. Problem→Introduction→Solution→Achievements→Result C. Introduction→Solution→Problem→Achievements→Result D. Achievements→Introduction→Problem→Solution→Result 5. Where is this passage most likely from? A. A poster. B. A dictionary. C. A news report. D. An advertisement. B （2025-2026上学期·广东深圳期末） Jerry’s Diary Dear Diary, Guess where I am? I’m in China’s Tiangong Space Station, about 400 kilometers above Earth! I share my small room with three other mice. And there are six Chinese astronauts taking turns to take care of us. The trip to the space station was very successful and took just a little over three hours. This is China’s 16th manned spaceflight, so humans are old hands here. But for us mice, it’s all new! We’re proud to be the first mammals (哺乳动物) to fly with Chinese astronauts. Getting here wasn’t easy. We were chosen from 300 mice after more than 60 days of hard training. The tests were really difficult! In one of the tests, we were put on a spinning rod (旋转杆). When it spun faster, I should hold on with my front paws (爪) and keep my back legs moving because I didn’t want to fall. My paws were on fire, but I held on for 115 seconds! In another test, the mice should go into a small box. It spun fast in every direction-first for 30 seconds, then one minute, then two minutes. When I came out, everything was spinning. But I had to walk on a balance beam (平衡木) right away. Luckily, I never fell! Not bad for a little mouse, was it? We’ll stay in Tiangong for only about a week before flying back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies change. This will help them better understand the effects of space environments. Can’t wait for more exciting adventures in space! See you tomorrow! 6. Who is Jerry in the text? A. A mouse in space. B. A training teacher. C. A scientist on Earth. D. A Chinese astronaut. 7. How long did the trip to the space station take? A. Around 16 days. B. About 400 minutes. C. More than 6 months. D. A little over 3 hours. 8. Why was Jerry chosen for the space trip? A. Because his paws were strong. B. Because he was a flying mammal. C. Because he passed the hard training. D. Because he was an old hand in space. 9. What did the mouse need to do during the spinning rod test? A. Walk on a balance beam. B. Hold on and try not to fall. C. Spin quickly in all directions. D. Keep their front paws moving. 10. What is the main purpose (目的) of the mice’s space trip? A. To experience exciting adventures. B. To live with the astronauts in space. C. To help scientists study space’s effects. D. To show mice’s wonderful training results. C（2025-2026上学期·广东深圳期末） Do you know how astronauts take a shower (淋浴) in space? It is easy on Earth, but in space, it is a big problem because of low gravity. In the 1960s, astronauts took sponge baths— they cleaned their bodies with a wet towel (毛巾), soap  (香皂) and a little water. Because there wasn’t enough water for a full-body cleaning. And they wore the same clothes inside their spacesuits for a long time. As a result, astronauts often returned to Earth with a bad smell. Things got better in 1973. A space station got its first real shower. However, using it was not easy. Astronauts had to tie their feet to the wall so that they wouldn’t float away. Each person got only about three liters of water, and taking a shower usually took over two hours! After showering, they faced the most important work: carefully collecting every drop of water because floating water could break the machines inside the space station. Today, on the International Space Station, astronauts use a better “sponge bath” way to clean themselves. They use a wet towel, a special kind of soap and a little water. The biggest improvement is the airflow system. It helps dry astronauts’ hair and bodies quickly and recycles all the water. In this way, astronauts can stay clean every day. The development of space showers doesn’t end here. Maybe one day, taking a shower in space will be just as easy as that on Earth. 11. How is taking a shower in space, according to paragraph 1? A. Interesting. B. Difficult. C. Wonderful. D. Dangerous. 12. Why did astronauts smell bad in the 1960s? ①There wasn’t enough water. ②There was no place to shower. ③They seldom changed their clothes. ④They had no soap for keeping clean. A. ①③ B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ②④ 13. What should astronauts do after showering according to paragraph 3? A. Check the shower time. B. Tie their feet to the wall. C. Design new machine parts. D. Collect water drops carefully. 14. What can we learn about the airflow system in paragraph 4? A. It dries the air in space stations. B. It keeps the astronauts warmer. C. It makes astronauts’ showers better. D. It produces fresh air for astronauts. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Showering in Space B. Experiments in Space C. Life without Showers D. History of Space Stations 三、阅读还原 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 （2025-2026上学期·广东深圳单元测） How to go to space On 30th October, 2024 Shenzhou XIX was sent into space. That is the nineteenth manned spaceship since Yang Liwei reached for the stars in 2003 on Shenzhou V. Have you ever dreamed of becoming an astronaut? 1 2 To be an astronaut, you need to be healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs (心肺) are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, you can’t have scars (伤疤). They may split in space.    Become stronger with hard training.           In China, you must be a great pilot before being an astronaut. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. 3 You will wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for 6 or 7 hours without eating or going to the toilet. Learn science. Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 lessons to get ready for a mission, including Maths, English, spaceship design, physics and many more. 4 Do you know? Even if you are great enough to become a backup (备用的) astronaut, 5 . During the Shenzhou XIII mission, only three astronauts can go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They can’t go. They are the unsung heroes of the space programme. A. They also need to do scientific experiments about space. B. You will start training when you become a backup astronaut. C. Health is important. D. How do Chinese astronauts make it? E. it is possible that you will never go to space. F. Why do they go there? 四、阅读回答问题 Passage 1 China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. On August 31, 2025, the office of China’s Manned Space Engineering said the moon landing trip started. All work is moving forward quickly. The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots. These robots will do challenging tasks, such as collecting moon rocks and doing research. Scientists say the robots have high quality and can work well in outer space. They won’t replace human pilots, but they will help keep the pilots safe. The trip also has a positive influence on education: many students now show interest in science and want to be researchers or experts in space science. China plans to land Chinese people on the moon by 2030. They will do science checks and test related technologies. When the trip is a success, China will share the valuable information with other countries. This will help build good relationships between countries. Last but not least, the trip will make people feel more confident in our country's science development. 1. What is China making big steps in? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What new technologies will the moon landing trip use? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Will the robots replace human pilots? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. When does China plan to land Chinese people on the moon? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. How will China help build good relationships between countries after the trip is a success? _______________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 Looking into Space Looking into space is something people do all the time. On a clear night, we are able to see some bright objects in the sky. These objects are in space. Things in space look very small to us, because they are very far away from us. But most of them are very large. What is space? Outside our world, there are many other objects. Some are colourful and big. Others are far away. But all of them are moving. In between, there are large empty gaps (缝隙). We call them space. We also use the word “space” to call everything outside our world. Our nearest neighbour The moon is our nearest neighbour. It is between the sun and the earth. After the sun goes down, the moon is the brightest thing in the sky. It looks quite big in our sky, but it is much smaller than the sun. Years ago scientists knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. Now if we want to go into space, we can take a spacecraft. 1. When are we able to see some bright objects in the sky? ________________________________________________ 2. Why do things in space look very small to us? ________________________________________________ 3. Which word do we use to call everything outside our world? ________________________________________________ 4. Where is the moon? ________________________________________________ 5. How can we go into space? ________________________________________________ 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 5~6（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空 人与自然：讲述了科学家对火星的探索，特别是关于火星上是否曾经存在水和生命的研究。 阅读A 人与自然：介绍神舟二十号航天员完成任务平安返回，讲述返航推迟原因、应对方案及此次任务的成果与意义。 阅读B 人与自然：讲述了老鼠和同伴登上天宫空间站的旅程、训练经历及后续研究意义。 阅读C 人与自然：介绍了太空淋浴的发展历程。 阅读还原 人与自然：介绍了成为中国航天员的各项要求：要有健康的身体、经历严苛训练、掌握丰富的科学知识；同时也说明，即便成为备用航天员，也未必能真正进入太空，致敬默默付出的航天幕后人员。 任务型阅读1 人与自然：介绍了中国在载人探月方面取得的巨大进步，包括将使用的新技术、对教育的积极影响以及未来的登月计划和深远意义。 任务型阅读2 人与自然：介绍了太空的相关知识，包括人们观测太空的现象、太空的定义、月球的位置以及进入太空的方式等内容。 一、完形填空 （2024-2025上学期·广东广州单元测） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 The planet Mars is the closest and most similar planet to Earth. It is very interesting to scientists. For example, Mars has seasons with 1 weather, but other planets have the same temperatures all year round. Was there 2 on Mars? To find out, scientists need to know if Mars ever had 3 . In 2004, two robot explorers (探测器), or “rovers”, called Spirit and Opportunity were sent to 4 signs (迹象) of water. These rovers can drive over rocks and all kinds of rough ground. They can also use cameras and 5 photos back to Earth. First, the two rovers found chemicals and patterns (样品) in the rocks that were 6 made by water. Then, they moved to another area and found other rocks which may have been created by water. Now scientists 7 there was probably water on the planet long ago. Today they are still not sure if there was life on Mars. They really 8 more information to decide. The discoveries (发现) of the two rovers 9 some old questions, but they also brought up many 10 ones. 1. A. sunny B. warm C. wet D. different 2. A. land B. life C. snow D. rock 3. A. food B. paper C. water D. fruit 4. A. look after B. talk about C. look for D. think of 5. A. send B. take C. return D. sell 6. A. quickly B. probably C. happily D. finally 7. A. think B. save C. tell D. show 8. A. plan B. report C. need D. end 9. A. gave B. left C. asked D. answered 10. A. interesting B. new C. simple D. important 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 【导语】本文讲述了科学家对火星的探索，特别是关于火星上是否曾经存在水和生命的研究。 【解析】1. 句意：例如，火星有不同的季节，但其他行星全年温度相同。 sunny晴朗的；warm温暖的；wet潮湿的；different不同的。根据“but other planets have the same temperatures all year round”可知，but表示转折，说明火星的季节与其他行星不同，故选D。 2. 句意：火星上曾经有生命吗？ land土地；life生命；snow雪；rock岩石。根据下文“Today they are still not sure if there was life on Mars. ”可知，科学家们想知道火星上是否曾经有生命，故选B。 3. 句意：为了找出答案，科学家们需要知道火星上是否曾经有水。 food食物；paper纸；water水；fruit水果。根据下文“which may have been created by water.”可知，科学家们需要知道火星是否曾经有水，故选C。 4. 句意：2004年，两个名为“勇气号”和“机遇号”的机器人探测器被送去寻找水的迹象。 look after照顾；talk about谈论；look for寻找；think of想到。根据“signs (迹象) of water.”可知，探测器被派去寻找水的迹象，故选C。 5. 句意：它们还可以使用摄像头并将照片传回地球。 send发送；take拿；return返回；sell出售。根据“use cameras and...photos back to Earth”可知，探测器将照片发送回地球，故选A。 6. 句意：首先，这两个探测器在岩石中发现了可能由水形成的化学物质和样品。 quickly快速地；probably可能地；happily高兴地；finally最终。根据“the two rovers found chemicals and patterns (样品) in the rocks that were...made by water.”可知，化学物质和样品可能是由水形成的，此处表示一种可能性，故选B。 7. 句意：现在，科学家们认为很久以前火星上可能有水。 think认为；save保存；tell告诉；show展示。根据“there was probably water on the planet long ago.”可知，这是科学家们所认为的事情，故选A。 8. 句意：他们确实需要更多的信息来做出决定。 plan计划；report报告；need需要；end结束。根据“more information to decide.”可知，做决定需要更多的信息。故选C。 9. 句意：这两个探测器的发现回答了一些旧问题，但也带来了许多新问题。 gave给出；left留下；asked询问；answered回答。根据“some old questions”可知，探测器的发现回答了一些旧问题，故选D。 10. 句意：这两个探测器的发现回答了一些旧问题，但也带来了许多新问题。 interesting有趣的；new新的；simple简单的；important重要的。根据“old questions”可知，和old相对应的是new。故选B。 二、阅读理解 A（2025-2026上学期·广东深圳期末） Shenzhou-20 Astronauts Returned Safely to Earth On the afternoon of November 14th, 2025, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie — safely landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site. They returned aboard the Shenzhou-21 spaceship, successfully completing their 204-day mission in space. At first, the astronauts were scheduled to return earlier. However, they had to wait nine days longer because a piece of space debris (碎片) hit the spaceship and made a small crack (裂痕) in one of Shenzhou-20’s windows. China had prepared a good backup plan for such situations. Following the plan, the crew transferred to the Shenzhou-21 spaceship for their return journey. This was the first time in China’s space history that a different working spaceship was used to bring astronauts back to Earth. During the extra days in orbit, the Shenzhou-20 crew continued to work with the Shenzhou-21 astronauts, carrying out valuable scientific experiments together. Throughout their long mission, the Shenzhou-20 team completed many important tasks. They performed four spacewalks, moved cargo many times, and did a series of scientific experiments. One successful experiment involved heating a special metal called tungsten alloy (钨合金) to an extremely high temperature of 3100°C. This smooth and safe return shows the strength and trust of China’s space program. The well-prepared repair plan was carried out effectively. The ground team worked together to finish the mission perfectly, and the intelligent spacecraft responded well. After landing, all astronauts were in good health. The mission marks another great achievement for China in space exploration. 1. When did the Shenzhou-20 astronauts first plan to return to Earth? A. November 14th, 2025. B. 204 days ago. C. After nine extra days. D. November 5th, 2025. 2. What caused the late return of the Shenzhou-20 astronauts? A. Space debris caused some damage to Shenzhou-20. B. The weather conditions at the landing site were unsuitable. C. They needed more time to complete scientific experiments. D. The Shenzhou-21 spaceship required additional preparations. 3. How did the Shenzhou-20 crew solve the problem of the late return? A. They repaired the cracked window during a spacewalk. B. They moved to the Shenzhou-21 for the return journey. C. They made their mission shorter and returned at once. D. They waited in orbit until the window was replaced. 4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. Introduction→Problem→Solution→Achievements→Result B. Problem→Introduction→Solution→Achievements→Result C. Introduction→Solution→Problem→Achievements→Result D. Achievements→Introduction→Problem→Solution→Result 5. Where is this passage most likely from? A. A poster. B. A dictionary. C. A news report. D. An advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文介绍神舟二十号航天员完成任务平安返回，讲述返航推迟原因、应对方案及此次任务的成果与意义。 【解析】1. 细节理解题。根据“On the afternoon of November 14th, 2025, the three astronauts of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship — Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui, and Wang Jie — safely landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site.”和“they had to wait nine days longer”可知，实际返航日推迟九天，计算得出原计划为2025年11月5日，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“However, they had to wait nine days longer because a piece of space debris (碎片) hit the spaceship and made a small crack (裂痕) in one of Shenzhou-20’s windows.”可知，太空碎片撞击飞船造成损坏，导致返航推迟，故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Following the plan, the crew transferred to the Shenzhou-21 spaceship for their return journey.”可知，航天员换乘神舟二十一号飞船返航，故选B。 4. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章先介绍返航事件，再说明遇到的问题，接着给出解决方案，陈述任务成果，最后说明此次任务结果，结构为Introduction→Problem→Solution→Achievements→Result，故选A。 5. 推理判断题。根据文章以新闻式口吻报道航天事件、时间、人物、经过、结果完整清晰可知，本文最可能来自新闻报道，故选C。 B （2025-2026上学期·广东深圳期末） Jerry’s Diary Dear Diary, Guess where I am? I’m in China’s Tiangong Space Station, about 400 kilometers above Earth! I share my small room with three other mice. And there are six Chinese astronauts taking turns to take care of us. The trip to the space station was very successful and took just a little over three hours. This is China’s 16th manned spaceflight, so humans are old hands here. But for us mice, it’s all new! We’re proud to be the first mammals (哺乳动物) to fly with Chinese astronauts. Getting here wasn’t easy. We were chosen from 300 mice after more than 60 days of hard training. The tests were really difficult! In one of the tests, we were put on a spinning rod (旋转杆). When it spun faster, I should hold on with my front paws (爪) and keep my back legs moving because I didn’t want to fall. My paws were on fire, but I held on for 115 seconds! In another test, the mice should go into a small box. It spun fast in every direction-first for 30 seconds, then one minute, then two minutes. When I came out, everything was spinning. But I had to walk on a balance beam (平衡木) right away. Luckily, I never fell! Not bad for a little mouse, was it? We’ll stay in Tiangong for only about a week before flying back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies change. This will help them better understand the effects of space environments. Can’t wait for more exciting adventures in space! See you tomorrow! 6. Who is Jerry in the text? A. A mouse in space. B. A training teacher. C. A scientist on Earth. D. A Chinese astronaut. 7. How long did the trip to the space station take? A. Around 16 days. B. About 400 minutes. C. More than 6 months. D. A little over 3 hours. 8. Why was Jerry chosen for the space trip? A. Because his paws were strong. B. Because he was a flying mammal. C. Because he passed the hard training. D. Because he was an old hand in space. 9. What did the mouse need to do during the spinning rod test? A. Walk on a balance beam. B. Hold on and try not to fall. C. Spin quickly in all directions. D. Keep their front paws moving. 10. What is the main purpose (目的) of the mice’s space trip? A. To experience exciting adventures. B. To live with the astronauts in space. C. To help scientists study space’s effects. D. To show mice’s wonderful training results. 【答案】6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文讲述了老鼠和同伴登上天宫空间站的旅程、训练经历及后续研究意义。 【解析】6. 细节理解题。根据“I share my small room with three other mice.”以及整体文本以第一人称叙述可知，Jerry是太空中的一只老鼠。故选A。 7. 细节理解题。根据“The trip to the space station was very successful and took just a little over three hours.”可知，去空间站的旅程花了三个多小时。故选D。 8. 细节理解题。根据“We were chosen from 300 mice after more than 60 days of hard training.”可知，Jerry被选中是因为它通过了艰苦的训练。故选C。 9. 细节理解题。根据“In one of the tests, we were put on a spinning rod (旋转杆). When it spun faster, I should hold on with my front paws (爪) and keep my back legs moving because I didn’t want to fall.”可知，在旋转杆测试中，老鼠需要抓住并尽量不摔倒。故选B。 10. 细节理解题。根据“Scientists will then study how our bodies change. This will help them better understand the effects of space environments.”可知，老鼠太空之旅的主要目的是帮助科学家研究太空的影响。故选C。 C（2025-2026上学期·广东深圳期末） Do you know how astronauts take a shower (淋浴) in space? It is easy on Earth, but in space, it is a big problem because of low gravity. In the 1960s, astronauts took sponge baths— they cleaned their bodies with a wet towel (毛巾), soap  (香皂) and a little water. Because there wasn’t enough water for a full-body cleaning. And they wore the same clothes inside their spacesuits for a long time. As a result, astronauts often returned to Earth with a bad smell. Things got better in 1973. A space station got its first real shower. However, using it was not easy. Astronauts had to tie their feet to the wall so that they wouldn’t float away. Each person got only about three liters of water, and taking a shower usually took over two hours! After showering, they faced the most important work: carefully collecting every drop of water because floating water could break the machines inside the space station. Today, on the International Space Station, astronauts use a better “sponge bath” way to clean themselves. They use a wet towel, a special kind of soap and a little water. The biggest improvement is the airflow system. It helps dry astronauts’ hair and bodies quickly and recycles all the water. In this way, astronauts can stay clean every day. The development of space showers doesn’t end here. Maybe one day, taking a shower in space will be just as easy as that on Earth. 11. How is taking a shower in space, according to paragraph 1? A. Interesting. B. Difficult. C. Wonderful. D. Dangerous. 12. Why did astronauts smell bad in the 1960s? ①There wasn’t enough water. ②There was no place to shower. ③They seldom changed their clothes. ④They had no soap for keeping clean. A. ①③ B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ②④ 13. What should astronauts do after showering according to paragraph 3? A. Check the shower time. B. Tie their feet to the wall. C. Design new machine parts. D. Collect water drops carefully. 14. What can we learn about the airflow system in paragraph 4? A. It dries the air in space stations. B. It keeps the astronauts warmer. C. It makes astronauts’ showers better. D. It produces fresh air for astronauts. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Showering in Space B. Experiments in Space C. Life without Showers D. History of Space Stations 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空淋浴的发展历程，从20世纪60年代的海绵浴，到1973年空间站的首个真正淋浴，再到如今国际空间站的改进版清洁方式，讲述了太空淋浴因低重力面临的难题及不断优化的过程。 【解析】11. 细节理解题。根据“It is easy on Earth, but in space, it is a big problem because of low gravity.”可知，太空淋浴因低重力成为一大难题，是困难的，故选B。 12. 细节理解题。根据“Because there wasn’t enough water for a full-body cleaning. And they wore the same clothes inside their spacesuits for a long time. As a result, astronauts often returned to Earth with a bad smell.”可知，20世纪60年代宇航员身上有异味的原因是水不够，无法全身清洁；长时间穿同一套衣服，对应选项A，故选A。 13. 细节理解题。根据“After showering, they faced the most important work: carefully collecting every drop of water because floating water could break the machines inside the space station.”可知，淋浴后宇航员需要仔细收集每一滴水，故选D。 14. 细节理解题。根据“The biggest improvement is the airflow system. It helps dry astronauts’ hair and bodies quickly and recycles all the water. In this way, astronauts can stay clean every day.”可知，气流系统能快速吹干宇航员的头发和身体、回收所有水，让宇航员的清洁（淋浴）效果更好，故选C。 15. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕太空淋浴展开，依次介绍了20世纪60年代、1973年以及如今国际空间站的太空清洁（淋浴）方式，核心主题是太空淋浴，故选A。 三、阅读还原 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 （2025-2026上学期·广东深圳单元测） How to go to space On 30th October, 2024 Shenzhou XIX was sent into space. That is the nineteenth manned spaceship since Yang Liwei reached for the stars in 2003 on Shenzhou V. Have you ever dreamed of becoming an astronaut? 1 2 To be an astronaut, you need to be healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs (心肺) are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, you can’t have scars (伤疤). They may split in space.    Become stronger with hard training.           In China, you must be a great pilot before being an astronaut. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. 3 You will wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for 6 or 7 hours without eating or going to the toilet. Learn science. Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 lessons to get ready for a mission, including Maths, English, spaceship design, physics and many more. 4 Do you know? Even if you are great enough to become a backup (备用的) astronaut, 5 . During the Shenzhou XIII mission, only three astronauts can go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They can’t go. They are the unsung heroes of the space programme. A. They also need to do scientific experiments about space. B. You will start training when you become a backup astronaut. C. Health is important. D. How do Chinese astronauts make it? E. it is possible that you will never go to space. F. Why do they go there? 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. E 【导语】本文介绍了成为中国航天员的各项要求：要有健康的身体、经历严苛训练、掌握丰富的科学知识；同时也说明，即便成为备用航天员，也未必能真正进入太空，致敬默默付出的航天幕后人员。 【解析】1. 前文提问“你梦想成为宇航员吗？”，下文开始讲解成为宇航员的条件，D项“How do Chinese astronauts make it?”承上启下。 2. 本段核心讲身体健康、身体条件要求，C项“Health is important.”和后文“To be an astronaut, you need to be healthy”呼应，总起本段。 3. 前后围绕训练展开，后文具体描述水下训练等内容，B项“You will start training when you become a backup astronaut.”引出训练相关内容。 4. 本段主题为学习科学知识，前文列举所学科目，A项“They also need to do scientific experiments about space.”补充航天员还要做太空科学实验，上下文连贯。 5. 前文提到即便成为备用航天员，结合后文举例大量备份航天员无法升空，E项“it is possible that you will never go to space.”点明也有可能永远无法进入太空。 四、阅读回答问题 Passage 1 China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. On August 31, 2025, the office of China’s Manned Space Engineering said the moon landing trip started. All work is moving forward quickly. The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots. These robots will do challenging tasks, such as collecting moon rocks and doing research. Scientists say the robots have high quality and can work well in outer space. They won’t replace human pilots, but they will help keep the pilots safe. The trip also has a positive influence on education: many students now show interest in science and want to be researchers or experts in space science. China plans to land Chinese people on the moon by 2030. They will do science checks and test related technologies. When the trip is a success, China will share the valuable information with other countries. This will help build good relationships between countries. Last but not least, the trip will make people feel more confident in our country's science development. 1. What is China making big steps in? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What new technologies will the moon landing trip use? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Will the robots replace human pilots? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. When does China plan to land Chinese people on the moon? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. How will China help build good relationships between countries after the trip is a success? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. Manned moon exploration./China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. 2. Advanced transport systems and efficient robots./The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots. 3. No, they won’t. 4. By 2030./China plans to land Chinese people on the moon by 2030. 5. By sharing the valuable information with other countries /China will share the valuable information with other countries. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在载人探月方面取得的巨大进步，包括将使用的新技术、对教育的积极影响以及未来的登月计划和深远意义。 【解析】1. 文章首句原文“China is making big steps in manned moon exploration.”，直接提取核心短语或完整句子作答。 2. 第二段原文“The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots.”，摘取两项新技术作为答案。 3. 第三段原文“They won’t replace human pilots”，一般疑问句作否定简短回答No, they won’t。 4. 第四段原文“China plans to land Chinese people on the moon by 2030.”，提取时间短语by 2030作答。 5. 第四段原文“When the trip is a success, China will share the valuable information with other countries. This will help build good relationships between countries.”，用by doing结构或完整句子说明方式。 Passage 2 Looking into Space Looking into space is something people do all the time. On a clear night, we are able to see some bright objects in the sky. These objects are in space. Things in space look very small to us, because they are very far away from us. But most of them are very large. What is space? Outside our world, there are many other objects. Some are colourful and big. Others are far away. But all of them are moving. In between, there are large empty gaps (缝隙). We call them space. We also use the word “space” to call everything outside our world. Our nearest neighbour The moon is our nearest neighbour. It is between the sun and the earth. After the sun goes down, the moon is the brightest thing in the sky. It looks quite big in our sky, but it is much smaller than the sun. Years ago scientists knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. Now if we want to go into space, we can take a spacecraft. 1. When are we able to see some bright objects in the sky? ________________________________________________ 2. Why do things in space look very small to us? ________________________________________________ 3. Which word do we use to call everything outside our world? ________________________________________________ 4. Where is the moon? ________________________________________________ 5. How can we go into space? ________________________________________________ 【答案】1. We are able to see some bright objects in the sky on a clear night./On a clear night. 2. Because they/things in space are very far away from us. 3. We use the word “space” to call everything outside our world./The word “space”./“Space”. 4. It/The moon is between the sun and the earth./Between the sun and the earth. 5. We can take a spacecraft./We can go there by spacecraft./By spacecraft. 【导语】本文主要介绍了太空的相关知识，包括人们观测太空的现象、太空的定义、月球的位置以及进入太空的方式等内容。 【解析】1. 第一段第2句直接提到了“On a clear night, we are able to see some bright objects in the sky.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2. 第一段第4句明确指出“Things in space look very small to us, because they are very far away from us.”，这是原文中的具体原因信息，直接提取。 3. 第二段提到“We also use the word ‘space’ to call everything outside our world.”，这是原文中的直接定义信息，直接提取。 4. 第三段第2句明确指出“It is between the sun and the earth.”，这是原文中月球位置的具体信息，直接提取。 5. 第四段直接给出了进入太空的方式：“Now if we want to go into space, we can take a spacecraft.”，答案几乎是原文引述。 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $