Unit 6 Beyond Earth 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作）-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练（新教材人教版）

Unit 6 Beyond Earth 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一．重点单词背默 Section A Why do we explore space? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Verb动词 1. 要求；需要 2. 取消；终止 3. 刊登；出版 Noun 名词 4. 任务；使命 5. 望远镜 6. 探测器；漫游者 7. 活动；运动 8. 地质；地质学 9. 人造卫星；卫星 10. 火箭 11. 系外行星 Adjective 形容词 12. 载人的；需人操作的 13. 失重的；无重量的 14. 睡着（的） 15. 疯狂的；不理智的 16. 太阳的；太阳能的 多重词性词 17. prep.超出；在……较远的一边 adv.在（或向）更远处 18. v.& n.发射；发起 19. v.系上；束紧 n.领带 Section B How far can we go into space? Verb动词 1. 合作；协作  2. 操作；运行 Noun 名词 3. 神 4. 宇宙飞船 5. 板；牌子 6. 想象力；想象 7. 期望；希望 8. 星系galaxy 9. 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 10. （航天）飞船 11. 测绘；民意调查 Adjective 形容词 12. 神秘的；奇怪的 13. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 Numeral 数词 14. 十亿 15. 万亿；兆 二．重点短语背默 1. 着陆，登陆 2. 人们期望…… 3. 入睡 4. 解决问题 5. 人；人类 6. 对……进行研究 7. 到目前为止，迄今为止 8. 和……相似 9. 以防万一 10. 在船（或火车、飞机）上 11. 目前；现在 12. 数以十万计的 13. 合作；协作；配合 14. 访问；参观（某地） 15. 对……好奇 16. 过一段时间；迟早 17. 能源 18. 对……有用/有益 三．重点句子背默 1. 对其他行星的研究有助于我们更好地了解地球的地质、历史以及与其他行星的关系 The study of other planets helps us better understand Earth’s with other planets. 2. 例如，一些卫星帮助我们处理由气候变化引起的问题 Some satellites, for example, . 3. 嗯，在遥远未来的某个时刻，我们或许能在外太空找到新的资源。 Well, at some point in the far future, we may . 4. 这个项目将要求学生对太空探索进行研究 This project will . 5. 由于天气恶劣，去太空博物馆参观的行程将被取消 The trip to the space museum . 6. 迄今为止，我们已知5 000多颗系外行星，随着技术的不断进步，还将有更多（系外行星）被发现 So far, , and as technology improves, many more will be found. 7. 它们不仅体积和温度(与地球)相近，还可能有水 They , and they might have water. 8. 自人类历史伊始，人们便仰望星空，想知道星星是什么样子的 , people have at the stars and wondered what they were like. 9. 它们是真实存在的地方，就像我们的太阳一样，而且它们比任何人想象的都要远 They are real places like our own sun, and they . 10. 一种构想是让宇航员在航行途中进入休眠状态，就像一些动物在冬季冬眠一样 One idea during their journey, like some animals do in winter. 11. 虽然现在这还不可能，但随着各国与科学家们携手合作，有希望研发出所需的技术 While this is not possible right now, , there is hope that the necessary technology . 12. 人类已经拍摄到了其他星系，登上过月球，甚至成功让探测器登陆火星 Humans have photographed other galaxies, set foot on the moon, and on Mars. 13. 这份工作肯定要求你身心都强健 The job must . 14.人们期望能在不久的将来建成月球基地，以便科学家们能在那里开展合作与深入研究 It is hoped that moon bases there. 15. 假以时日，造访其他星球这一最疯狂的梦想也有可能实现 16. 我认为月球上可能存在某些对地球有用的特殊能源 I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resource that to Earth. 17. 人类已经实现了许多曾经只是梦想的事情 Humans . 四．核心知识点解析 考点1：Beyond Earth. (教材P51 单元标题) beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/prep. 超出;在······较远的一边 adv. 在(或向)更远处 （1）[介词]在······较远的一边；超出 The sea is the hill. 大海在山的那一边。 The situation is our control. 我们无法控制这一局面 （2）[副词]在(或向)更远处 They crossed the mountains and headed for the valleys . 他们翻过山，向更远处的山谷进发。 考点2：It is hoped that a manned mission to the moon will follow around 2030. (教材P52 1c) manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的；需人操作的 反义词:unmanned adj.无(需)人操作的 China has successfully launched many spaceships into space in recent years. 近年来，中国成功将多艘载人飞船发射升空。 Scientists use an probe to collect information in space.科学家们利用无人探测器在太空中收集信息。 考点3：Have you heard that ... will be launched soon? (教材P52 1d) launch /lɔːntʃ/ v. & n. 发射;发起 （1）[动词]发射；发起 The satellite was successfully into orbit earlier this month. 该卫星已于本月初成功发射入轨道。 We launched a new project. 我们启动了一个新项目。 （2）[名词]发射；发起 The of Apollo 11 in 1969 set the stage for humanity’s first step on the moon. 1969年阿波罗11号的发射为人类首次登月奠定了基础。 They are preparing for the of the new campaign next month.他们正在为下个月发起新活动做准备。 考点4：How does it feel to be weightless? (教材P53 2b) weightless /ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的；无重量的 由“weight(n.重量)+-less(形容词后缀)”构成。 Astronauts work in conditions. 航天员在失重的条件下工作。 She felt as she jumped off the diving board. 她从跳板跃下时感到失重。 词形拓展 weightlessness [不可数名词]无重量;失重状态 Astronauts float in space because of . 航天员在太空中飘浮是因为失重。 考点5：a little hard to fall asleep (教材P53 2c) asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj.睡着(的) 反义词：awake adj.醒着的 辨析asleep, sleep 与sleepy asleep 形容词，意为“睡着(的)”,通常作表语，不用于名词前作定语。fall asleep“入睡;睡着”，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 sleep  既可作动词，又可作名词，意为“睡觉” sleepy 形容词，意为“困倦的;想睡的”，可作表语和定语 语境串记 Jim didn’t well last night. He is tired and feels now, so he falls soon at his desk. 昨晚吉姆睡得不好。现在他很累，并且感觉很困倦，因此他趴在书桌上很快就睡着了。 考点6：have to be tied down (教材P53 2c) tie /taɪ/ v. 系上;束紧 n. 领带 （1）[动词]系上；束紧 过去式和过去分词为tied，现在分词为tying。 I have a name tag on my baggage. 我在行李上系上了姓名标签。 She the rope tightly to a tree. 她把绳子牢牢地系在一棵树上。 （2）[名词]领带 He wears a shirt and at work. 他上班穿衬衫打领带。 考点7：It might sound crazy but our Earth may run out of resources ... (教材P54 3a) crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的；不理智的 What a idea!这个想法真疯狂!(作定语) You must say that to your boss.你对老板说那种话，一定是疯了。(作表语) 词义拓展 [形容词]热衷的，狂热的 be crazy about 对······着迷；热衷于······ Simon birdwatching. 西蒙热衷于观鸟。 考点8：This project will require students to do research on space exploration. (教材P55 4b) require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 要求；需要　 requirement n. 所需的东西 通常不用于进行时。常见用法: Paper-cutting is not easy to learn. It much practice, patience and imagination. 剪纸并不容易学。它需要大量的练习、耐心和想象力。 The teacher Tom keep quiet. 老师要求汤姆保持安静。 You are show your ID card when you enter the library. 出入图书馆时,你必须出示身份证。 The situation that he should be present. 这种情形需要他在场。 考点9：Because of the bad weather, they will cancel the trip to the space museum. (教材P55 4b) cancel /ˈkænsl/ v. 取消；终止 同义词为call off 其过去式和过去分词均为 cancelled 或 canceled，现在分词为cancelling 或 canceling。 I’m afraid I’ll have to our meeting tomorrow.恐怕我得取消我们明天的会议。 All flights have been because of the bad weather.因天气恶劣,所有航班均已取消。 考点10：The magazine will publish an article about future space travel next month. (教材P55 4b) publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 刊登；出版　 (1)[动词]刊登；发表 We love reading your letters and we try to as many as possible.我们喜欢阅读你们的来信，并且会尽量刊登出来。 The scientist his research in a science magazine.这位科学家在一本科学杂志上发表了他的研究成果。 词形拓展 publish v.刊登；出版 publisher n. 出版者；出版社 publishing n.出版业 (2)[动词]出版；发行 The company mainly books for children.那家公司主要出版儿童书籍。 The first edition was in 2007.第一版于2007年发行。 考点11：Many ancient cultures believed that these points of light were from gods or other mysterious worlds. (教材P56 1b) mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ adj.神秘的；奇怪的 Friends can connect in a way without even speaking.朋友之间甚至可以不说话而以神秘的方式交流。(作定语) The whole thing was very . 整个事情非常神秘。(作表语) 用法拓展 mystery [可数名词]神秘的事物；奥秘 How life began on Earth is one of the great of science.地球生命的起源是一大科学谜团。 考点12：In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board. (教材P56 1b) in case 以防万一 可位于句首、句中或句尾，常与just连用。 you get lost in the city, keep this map with you.以防你在城市里迷路，随身带着这张地图吧。 You’d better take the keys just I’m out.你最好带上钥匙，以防我不在家。 词块拓展 case的相关短语： in case of 如果，假使 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in that case 既然那样，那样的话 in some cases 在某些情况下 考点13：In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board. (教材P56 1b) board /bɔːd/ n.板；牌子 In the art classroom, Li Li cut out a thin wood in the shape of Tian’anmen. 在美术课上,李莉裁出了一块呈天安门形状的薄木板。 I’ve put a list of names up on the . 我在布告牌上贴出了一份名单。 用法拓展 常见的含board的复合名词： noticeboard 布告牌 keyboard 键盘 whiteboard 白板 blackboard 黑板 chessboard 国际象棋棋盘 scoreboard 记分牌 on board 在船（或火车、飞机）上 There are 12 children the ship. 这艘船上有12名儿童。 Have the passengers gone yet? 乘客都登机了吗? 词义拓展 on board还可表示“加入，进入（某机构工作）”。 It’s good to have you for this project.这个项目有你参与，真是太好了。 考点14：By 2025, Voyager 1 was over 25 billion kilometres from Earth, but that is still a long way from Earth’s second-closest star, Proxima Centauri. (教材P56 1b) billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 用法与hundred、thousand、million相同,具体如下: 考点15：Scientists, however, believe that visiting the stars is not a completely wild dream. (教材P56 1b) completely adv. 彻底地；完全地 由“complete（adj. 完全的;彻底的） + -ly（副词后缀）”构成。 In the future, AI may change many parts of our lives and help us solve some of the world’s biggest problems. 未来，人工智能可能会彻底改变我们生活的许多方面，并帮助我们解决一些世界上最重大的问题。 It was different from how I had imagined it. 这与我的想象完全不同。 cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作；协作 [不及物动词] cooperate with sb. (in/on sth.)（在某方面）与某人合作 The two groups agreed to with each other. 这两个组同意相互协作。 We are on a research project. 我们正在合作搞一个科研项目。 词形拓展 cooperation [名词]合作；协作 in cooperation with...与······的合作 cooperation between A and B A和B之间的合作 The fair was in cooperation with local businesses. 这个商品交易会是与当地企业联合举办的。 We would like to see closer between parents and schools.我们希望家长和学校有更加紧密的合作。 考点16：What is the name of China’s first large survey space telescope? (教材P58 2a) survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n. 测绘；民意调查 (1)[名词]测绘；测量 常与carry out, do, make等词汇搭配使用 A geological found no dangerous rocks here. 地质勘测发现这里没有危险岩石。 A new land changed the borders of their property. 新的土地测量改变了他们的土地边界。 (2)[名词]民意调查 carry out/do a survey (of ...) 做（关于······的）调查 According to a recent , more than 30 million people worldwide are learning Chinese. 根据最近的一项调查，全世界有超过3000万人正在学习中文。 I’m doing a of teaching materials in school.我正在做一个有关学校教学资料的调查。 考点17：Yeah, it will be very crowded. (教材P58 2b) crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 be crowded with 挤满······ 反义词：uncrowded adj.不拥挤的，人少的 The train was very , and we had to stand. 火车很挤，我们只好站着。 The old town square people. 古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。 词形拓展 crowd [动词]挤满；塞满& [名词] 人群；观众 Tourists the beach every summer. 每年夏天，海滩上都挤满了游客。 We had to push our way through the . 我们得从人群中挤过去。 考点18：I believe there are quite a few benefits. (教材P59 3a) quite a few 相当多；不少 相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。 I’ve been there times. 我去过那里好多次了。 students took part in the sports meeting held in our school.很多学生参加了在我们学校举办的运动会。 词块拓展 quite a little 相当多；不少 修饰不可数名词 There is water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩下不少水。 考点19：New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. (教材P59 3a) operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v.操作；运行 operation n.操作；运行 He can the new machine by himself. 他能独立操作这台新机器。 This machine is well at high speed. 这台机器正高速运转，运行良好 词义拓展 [不及物动词]动手术 operate on 给······动手术 The doctor will on his eyes. 医生将给他的眼睛动手术。 五．语法串讲 被动语态（Ⅱ） 一般将来时的被动语态 一般将来时的被动语态的基本构成 例句 肯定句：主语+will be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 否定句：主语+won’t be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句及其回答：—Will +主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他？ —Yes,主语+will.或No,主语+won’t. The new film next Friday.这部新电影将在下周五上映。 The new film next Friday.这部新电影将不会在下周五上映。 —Will the new film next Friday?这部新电影将会在下周五上映吗？ —Yes, it will./No, it won’t.对，会。/不，不会。 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句及其回答：—Am/Is/Are +主语+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他？ —Yes，主语+am/is/are.或No,主语+am/is/are not. The party is going to next Thursday.聚会将在下周四举行。 The party is not going to next Thursday.聚会将不会在下周四举行。 —Is the party going to next Thursday?聚会将于下周四举行吗？ —Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.对，是的。/不，不是的。 易错警示 主语是第一人称时，一般将来时的被动语态也可以用“shall be+动词过去分词”来表达。 六．写作串讲 本单元的话题是“太空探索”，并谈谈你的看法。 “Should We Explore Space?” 为主题的征文活动。 1.太空探索的重要性（科学发现、技术进步等）； 2.中国在太空探索方面的一项具体成就（如：天问一号、祝融号、嫦娥工程、天宫空间站等）； 3.你对太空探索未来的看法。 写作词句 描述太空梦想 My space dream is that one day ... 我的太空梦想是有一天…… I hope that ... 我希望…… I dream of ... 我梦想…… 描述太空探索的意义 Space exploration can help us ... 太空探索可以帮助我们…… It is important to ... ……是重要的。 By exploring space，we can ... 通过探索太空，我们能…… 描述未来的可能性 It is hoped that ... 人们希望…… It is believed that ... 人们相信…… In the near future，... will be done. 在不久的将来，……将被实现。 We may ... one day. 有一天我们可能…… 表达感受 I believe ... 我相信…… I am excited about ... 我对……感到兴奋。 I want to be one of the first visitors to ... 我想成为首批……的访客之一。 1. 开头句型 Since the beginning of human history，people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like.从人类历史的开端起，人们就仰望星空，想知道星星是什么样子的。 My space dream is that one day ...我的太空梦想是有一天…… I have always been curious about the universe.我一直对宇宙感到好奇。 I dream of travelling into space one day.我梦想有一天能去太空旅行。 2. 主体句型 Space exploration can help us better understand Earth and its place in the universe. 太空探索可以帮助我们更好地了解地球及其在宇宙中的位置。 New technology developed for space can also benefit us here on Earth.为太空开发的新技术也能使地球上的我们受益。 The study of other planets helps us learn more about Earth’s geology and history. 对其他行星的研究有助于我们更多地了解地球的地质和历史。 If we find new resources in space，it may help solve problems on Earth.如果我们在太空中找到新资源，可能有助于解决地球上的问题。 Scientists hope that more missions will be launched in the future.科学家们希望未来会发射更多任务。 3. 结尾句型 I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe. 我希望有一天我们人类可以在太空度假，探索宇宙。 Exploring space is part of what makes us human.探索太空是我们作为人类的一部分。 I believe that with hard work，my space dream will come true one day.我相信通过努力，我的太空梦想有一天会实现。 Let’s look up at the stars and never stop dreaming.让我们仰望星空，永不停歇地梦想。 写作例题 写作模版 优秀范文 Of many space heroes in our country’s history, Deng Qingming leaves a deep impression on me. $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一．重点单词背默 Section A Why do we explore space? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Verb动词 1. 要求；需要require 2. 取消；终止cancel 3. 刊登；出版publish Noun 名词 4. 任务；使命mission 5. 望远镜telescope 6. 探测器；漫游者rover 7. 活动；运动movement 8. 地质；地质学geology 9. 人造卫星；卫星satellite 10. 火箭 rocket 11. 系外行星exoplanet Adjective 形容词 12. 载人的；需人操作的manned 13. 失重的；无重量的weightless 14. 睡着（的）asleep 15. 疯狂的；不理智的crazy 16. 太阳的；太阳能的solar 多重词性词 17. prep.超出；在……较远的一边 adv.在（或向）更远处beyond 18. v.& n.发射；发起launch 19. v.系上；束紧 n.领带tie Section B How far can we go into space? Verb动词 1. 合作；协作cooperate  2. 操作；运行operate Noun 名词 3. 神god 4. 宇宙飞船spacecraft 5. 板；牌子board 6. 想象力；想象imagination 7. 期望；希望expectation 8. 星系galaxy 9. 技艺；工艺；飞行器；船craft 10. （航天）飞船spaceship 11. 测绘；民意调查survey Adjective 形容词 12. 神秘的；奇怪的mysterious 13. 人（太）多的；拥挤的crowded Numeral 数词 14. 十亿billion 15. 万亿；兆trillion 二．重点短语背默 1. 着陆，登陆land on 2. 人们期望……it is hoped that... 3. 入睡fall asleep 4. 解决问题deal with problems 5. 人；人类human being 6. 对……进行研究do research on... 7. 到目前为止，迄今为止so far 8. 和……相似be similar to 9. 以防万一in case 10. 在船（或火车、飞机）上on board 11. 目前；现在at present 12. 数以十万计的hundreds of thousands of 13. 合作；协作；配合cooperate with 14. 访问；参观（某地）set foot on 15. 对……好奇be curious about 16. 过一段时间；迟早in time 17. 能源energy resource 18. 对……有用/有益be useful to 三．重点句子背默 1. 对其他行星的研究有助于我们更好地了解地球的地质、历史以及与其他行星的关系 The study of other planets helps us better understand Earth’s geology, history, and relationship with other planets. 2. 例如，一些卫星帮助我们处理由气候变化引起的问题 Some satellites, for example, help us deal with problems caused by climate change. 3. 嗯，在遥远未来的某个时刻，我们或许能在外太空找到新的资源。 Well, at some point in the far future, we may find new resources in outer space. 4. 这个项目将要求学生对太空探索进行研究 This project will require students to do research on space exploration. 5. 由于天气恶劣，去太空博物馆参观的行程将被取消 The trip to the space museum will be cancelled because of the bad weather. 6. 迄今为止，我们已知5 000多颗系外行星，随着技术的不断进步，还将有更多（系外行星）被发现 So far, more than 5,000 exoplanets have been known to us, and as technology improves, many more will be found. 7. 它们不仅体积和温度(与地球)相近，还可能有水 They are of a similar size and temperature, and they might have water. 8. 自人类历史伊始，人们便仰望星空，想知道星星是什么样子的 Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. 9. 它们是真实存在的地方，就像我们的太阳一样，而且它们比任何人想象的都要远 They are real places like our own sun, and they are farther away than anyone imagined. 10. 一种构想是让宇航员在航行途中进入休眠状态，就像一些动物在冬季冬眠一样 One idea is to have the astronauts sleep during their journey, like some animals do in winter. 11. 虽然现在这还不可能，但随着各国与科学家们携手合作，有希望研发出所需的技术 While this is not possible right now, with nations and scientists cooperating with one another, there is hope that the necessary technology will be developed. 12. 人类已经拍摄到了其他星系，登上过月球，甚至成功让探测器登陆火星 Humans have photographed other galaxies, set foot on the moon, and even successfully landed rovers on Mars. 13. 这份工作肯定要求你身心都强健 The job must require you to be strong both in mind and body. 14.人们期望能在不久的将来建成月球基地，以便科学家们能在那里开展合作与深入研究 It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future so that scientists can cooperate and do more research there. 15. 假以时日，造访其他星球这一最疯狂的梦想也有可能实现 In time, it seems possible that the wildest dream of visiting other planets will also come true. 16. 我认为月球上可能存在某些对地球有用的特殊能源 I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resource that can be useful to Earth. 17. 人类已经实现了许多曾经只是梦想的事情 Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. 四．核心知识点解析 考点1：Beyond Earth. (教材P51 单元标题) beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/prep. 超出;在······较远的一边 adv. 在(或向)更远处 （1）[介词]在······较远的一边；超出 The sea is beyond the hill. 大海在山的那一边。 The situation is beyond our control. 我们无法控制这一局面 （2）[副词]在(或向)更远处 They crossed the mountains and headed for the valleys beyond. 他们翻过山，向更远处的山谷进发。 考点2：It is hoped that a manned mission to the moon will follow around 2030. (教材P52 1c) manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的；需人操作的 反义词:unmanned adj.无(需)人操作的 China has successfully launched many manned spaceships into space in recent years. 近年来，中国成功将多艘载人飞船发射升空。 Scientists use an unmanned probe to collect information in space.科学家们利用无人探测器在太空中收集信息。 考点3：Have you heard that ... will be launched soon? (教材P52 1d) launch /lɔːntʃ/ v. & n. 发射;发起 （1）[动词]发射；发起 The satellite was successfully launched into orbit earlier this month. 该卫星已于本月初成功发射入轨道。 We launched a new project. 我们启动了一个新项目。 （2）[名词]发射；发起 The launch of Apollo 11 in 1969 set the stage for humanity’s first step on the moon. 1969年阿波罗11号的发射为人类首次登月奠定了基础。 They are preparing for the launch of the new campaign next month.他们正在为下个月发起新活动做准备。 考点4：How does it feel to be weightless? (教材P53 2b) weightless /ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的；无重量的 由“weight(n.重量)+-less(形容词后缀)”构成。 Astronauts work in weightless conditions. 航天员在失重的条件下工作。 She felt weightless as she jumped off the diving board. 她从跳板跃下时感到失重。 词形拓展 weightlessness [不可数名词]无重量;失重状态 Astronauts float in space because of weightlessness. 航天员在太空中飘浮是因为失重。 考点5：a little hard to fall asleep (教材P53 2c) asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj.睡着(的) 反义词：awake adj.醒着的 辨析asleep, sleep 与sleepy asleep 形容词，意为“睡着(的)”,通常作表语，不用于名词前作定语。fall asleep“入睡;睡着”，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 sleep  既可作动词，又可作名词，意为“睡觉” sleepy 形容词，意为“困倦的;想睡的”，可作表语和定语 语境串记 Jim didn’t sleep well last night. He is tired and feels sleepy now, so he falls asleep soon at his desk. 昨晚吉姆睡得不好。现在他很累，并且感觉很困倦，因此他趴在书桌上很快就睡着了。 考点6：have to be tied down (教材P53 2c) tie /taɪ/ v. 系上;束紧 n. 领带 （1）[动词]系上；束紧 过去式和过去分词为tied，现在分词为tying。 I have tied a name tag on my baggage. 我在行李上系上了姓名标签。 She tied the rope tightly to a tree. 她把绳子牢牢地系在一棵树上。 （2）[名词]领带 He wears a shirt and tie at work. 他上班穿衬衫打领带。 考点7：It might sound crazy but our Earth may run out of resources ... (教材P54 3a) crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的；不理智的 What a crazy idea!这个想法真疯狂!(作定语) You must be crazy to say that to your boss.你对老板说那种话，一定是疯了。(作表语) 词义拓展 [形容词]热衷的，狂热的 be crazy about 对······着迷；热衷于······ Simon is crazy about birdwatching. 西蒙热衷于观鸟。 考点8：This project will require students to do research on space exploration. (教材P55 4b) require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 要求；需要　 requirement n. 所需的东西 通常不用于进行时。常见用法: Paper-cutting is not easy to learn. It requires much practice, patience and imagination. 剪纸并不容易学。它需要大量的练习、耐心和想象力。 The teacher required Tom to keep quiet. 老师要求汤姆保持安静。 You are required to show your ID card when you enter the library. 出入图书馆时,你必须出示身份证。 The situation required that he should be present. 这种情形需要他在场。 考点9：Because of the bad weather, they will cancel the trip to the space museum. (教材P55 4b) cancel /ˈkænsl/ v. 取消；终止 同义词为call off 其过去式和过去分词均为 cancelled 或 canceled，现在分词为cancelling 或 canceling。 I’m afraid I’ll have to cancel our meeting tomorrow.恐怕我得取消我们明天的会议。 All flights have been cancelled because of the bad weather.因天气恶劣,所有航班均已取消。 考点10：The magazine will publish an article about future space travel next month. (教材P55 4b) publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 刊登；出版　 (1)[动词]刊登；发表 We love reading your letters and we try to publish as many as possible.我们喜欢阅读你们的来信，并且会尽量刊登出来。 The scientist published his research in a science magazine.这位科学家在一本科学杂志上发表了他的研究成果。 词形拓展 publish v.刊登；出版 publisher n. 出版者；出版社 publishing n.出版业 (2)[动词]出版；发行 The company mainly publishes books for children.那家公司主要出版儿童书籍。 The first edition was published in 2007.第一版于2007年发行。 考点11：Many ancient cultures believed that these points of light were from gods or other mysterious worlds. (教材P56 1b) mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ adj.神秘的；奇怪的 Friends can connect in a mysterious way without even speaking.朋友之间甚至可以不说话而以神秘的方式交流。(作定语) The whole thing was very mysterious. 整个事情非常神秘。(作表语) 用法拓展 mystery [可数名词]神秘的事物；奥秘 How life began on Earth is one of the great mysteries of science.地球生命的起源是一大科学谜团。 考点12：In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board. (教材P56 1b) in case 以防万一 可位于句首、句中或句尾，常与just连用。 In case you get lost in the city, keep this map with you.以防你在城市里迷路，随身带着这张地图吧。 You’d better take the keys just in case I’m out.你最好带上钥匙，以防我不在家。 词块拓展 case的相关短语： in case of 如果，假使 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in that case 既然那样，那样的话 in some cases 在某些情况下 考点13：In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board. (教材P56 1b) board /bɔːd/ n.板；牌子 In the art classroom, Li Li cut out a thin wood board in the shape of Tian’anmen. 在美术课上,李莉裁出了一块呈天安门形状的薄木板。 I’ve put a list of names up on the board. 我在布告牌上贴出了一份名单。 用法拓展 常见的含board的复合名词： noticeboard 布告牌 keyboard 键盘 whiteboard 白板 blackboard 黑板 chessboard 国际象棋棋盘 scoreboard 记分牌 on board 在船（或火车、飞机）上 There are 12 children on board the ship. 这艘船上有12名儿童。 Have the passengers gone on board yet? 乘客都登机了吗? 词义拓展 on board还可表示“加入，进入（某机构工作）”。 It’s good to have you on board for this project.这个项目有你参与，真是太好了。 考点14：By 2025, Voyager 1 was over 25 billion kilometres from Earth, but that is still a long way from Earth’s second-closest star, Proxima Centauri. (教材P56 1b) billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 用法与hundred、thousand、million相同,具体如下: 考点15：Scientists, however, believe that visiting the stars is not a completely wild dream. (教材P56 1b) completely adv. 彻底地；完全地 由“complete（adj. 完全的;彻底的） + -ly（副词后缀）”构成。 In the future, AI may completely change many parts of our lives and help us solve some of the world’s biggest problems. 未来，人工智能可能会彻底改变我们生活的许多方面，并帮助我们解决一些世界上最重大的问题。 It was completely different from how I had imagined it. 这与我的想象完全不同。 cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作；协作 [不及物动词] cooperate with sb. (in/on sth.)（在某方面）与某人合作 The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other. 这两个组同意相互协作。 We are cooperating on a research project. 我们正在合作搞一个科研项目。 词形拓展 cooperation [名词]合作；协作 in cooperation with...与······的合作 cooperation between A and B A和B之间的合作 The fair was organized in cooperation with local businesses. 这个商品交易会是与当地企业联合举办的。 We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools.我们希望家长和学校有更加紧密的合作。 考点16：What is the name of China’s first large survey space telescope? (教材P58 2a) survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n. 测绘；民意调查 (1)[名词]测绘；测量 常与carry out, do, make等词汇搭配使用 A geological survey found no dangerous rocks here. 地质勘测发现这里没有危险岩石。 A new land survey changed the borders of their property. 新的土地测量改变了他们的土地边界。 (2)[名词]民意调查 carry out/do a survey (of ...) 做（关于······的）调查 According to a recent survey, more than 30 million people worldwide are learning Chinese. 根据最近的一项调查，全世界有超过3000万人正在学习中文。 I’m doing a survey of teaching materials in school.我正在做一个有关学校教学资料的调查。 考点17：Yeah, it will be very crowded. (教材P58 2b) crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 be crowded with 挤满······ 反义词：uncrowded adj.不拥挤的，人少的 The train was very crowded, and we had to stand. 火车很挤，我们只好站着。 The old town square was crowded with people. 古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。 词形拓展 crowd [动词]挤满；塞满& [名词] 人群；观众 Tourists crowd the beach every summer. 每年夏天，海滩上都挤满了游客。 We had to push our way through the crowd. 我们得从人群中挤过去。 考点18：I believe there are quite a few benefits. (教材P59 3a) quite a few 相当多；不少 相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。 I’ve been there quite a few times. 我去过那里好多次了。 Quite a few students took part in the sports meeting held in our school.很多学生参加了在我们学校举办的运动会。 词块拓展 quite a little 相当多；不少 修饰不可数名词 There is quite a little water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩下不少水。 考点19：New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. (教材P59 3a) operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v.操作；运行 operation n.操作；运行 He can operate the new machine by himself. 他能独立操作这台新机器。 This machine is operating well at high speed. 这台机器正高速运转，运行良好 词义拓展 [不及物动词]动手术 operate on 给······动手术 The doctor will operate on his eyes. 医生将给他的眼睛动手术。 五．语法串讲 被动语态（Ⅱ） 一般将来时的被动语态 一般将来时的被动语态的基本构成 例句 肯定句：主语+will be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 否定句：主语+won’t be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句及其回答：—Will +主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他？ —Yes,主语+will.或No,主语+won’t. The new film will be shown next Friday.这部新电影将在下周五上映。 The new film won’t be shown next Friday.这部新电影将不会在下周五上映。 —Will the new film be shown next Friday?这部新电影将会在下周五上映吗？ —Yes, it will./No, it won’t.对，会。/不，不会。 肯定句：主语+am/is/are+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句及其回答：—Am/Is/Are +主语+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他？ —Yes，主语+am/is/are.或No,主语+am/is/are not. The party is going to be held next Thursday.聚会将在下周四举行。 The party is not going to be held next Thursday.聚会将不会在下周四举行。 —Is the party going to be held next Thursday?聚会将于下周四举行吗？ —Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.对，是的。/不，不是的。 易错警示 主语是第一人称时，一般将来时的被动语态也可以用“shall be+动词过去分词”来表达。 六．写作串讲 本单元的话题是“太空探索”，并谈谈你的看法。 “Should We Explore Space?” 为主题的征文活动。 1.太空探索的重要性（科学发现、技术进步等）； 2.中国在太空探索方面的一项具体成就（如：天问一号、祝融号、嫦娥工程、天宫空间站等）； 3.你对太空探索未来的看法。 写作词句 描述太空梦想 My space dream is that one day ... 我的太空梦想是有一天…… I hope that ... 我希望…… I dream of ... 我梦想…… 描述太空探索的意义 Space exploration can help us ... 太空探索可以帮助我们…… It is important to ... ……是重要的。 By exploring space，we can ... 通过探索太空，我们能…… 描述未来的可能性 It is hoped that ... 人们希望…… It is believed that ... 人们相信…… In the near future，... will be done. 在不久的将来，……将被实现。 We may ... one day. 有一天我们可能…… 表达感受 I believe ... 我相信…… I am excited about ... 我对……感到兴奋。 I want to be one of the first visitors to ... 我想成为首批……的访客之一。 1. 开头句型 Since the beginning of human history，people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like.从人类历史的开端起，人们就仰望星空，想知道星星是什么样子的。 My space dream is that one day ...我的太空梦想是有一天…… I have always been curious about the universe.我一直对宇宙感到好奇。 I dream of travelling into space one day.我梦想有一天能去太空旅行。 2. 主体句型 Space exploration can help us better understand Earth and its place in the universe. 太空探索可以帮助我们更好地了解地球及其在宇宙中的位置。 New technology developed for space can also benefit us here on Earth.为太空开发的新技术也能使地球上的我们受益。 The study of other planets helps us learn more about Earth’s geology and history. 对其他行星的研究有助于我们更多地了解地球的地质和历史。 If we find new resources in space，it may help solve problems on Earth.如果我们在太空中找到新资源，可能有助于解决地球上的问题。 Scientists hope that more missions will be launched in the future.科学家们希望未来会发射更多任务。 3. 结尾句型 I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe. 我希望有一天我们人类可以在太空度假，探索宇宙。 Exploring space is part of what makes us human.探索太空是我们作为人类的一部分。 I believe that with hard work，my space dream will come true one day.我相信通过努力，我的太空梦想有一天会实现。 Let’s look up at the stars and never stop dreaming.让我们仰望星空，永不停歇地梦想。 写作例题 写作模版 优秀范文 Of many space heroes in our country’s history, Deng Qingming leaves a deep impression on me. Deng Qingming was born in Jiangxi in 1966. He grew up in a poor family, but he studied very hard at school. In 1998, Deng became one of China’s first 14 astronauts. Although he served as a backup astronaut for many years, he took every training session seriously and kept practicing hard all the time. After 24 years and 10 months of persistent efforts, he finally made his space dream come true and went into space successfully. I’m inspired by Deng Qingming’s story. His experiences teach me that nothing is impossible if we stick to our dreams and work hard. I will learn from him, study hard every day, and keep chasing my own dreams bravely. $