内容正文:
Unit 3 Smart Learning
知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作)
一.重点单词背默
Section A How do we learn?
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
动词
1. 建议;提议suggest
2. 总结;概括summarize
名词
3. 学习者learner
4. (用于学习的)卡片;抽认卡flashcard
5. 专题研究;项目project
6. 网站website
7. 实验;试验experiment
8. 词典;字典dictionary
9. 对话;对白dialogue
10. 语法grammar
11. 播客podcast
12. 策略strategy
13. 方法method
形容词
14. 动手的;实际操作的hands-on
15. 总的;大体的general
16. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的enjoyable
副词
17. 出声地;大声地aloud
18. 积极地actively
数词
19. 零;最低程度zero
多重词性词
20. v.适合;有利于 n.套装suit
21. n.速度 v.加速;促进speed
Section B How can we get better at learning?
动词
1. (用鼠标或在触摸板上)点击;(使)发出咔嗒声click
名词
2. 成长;增加growth
3. 观念模式mindset
4. 材料material
5. 指导guidance
6. 反馈的意见feedback
7. 添加;加法addition
8. 资源;资料resource
9. 教科书;课本textbook
10. 优势;优点advantage
11. 山谷;溪谷valley
12. 发音;读音pronunciation
13. 报纸newspaper
14. 杂志;期刊magazine
15. (墙壁、书橱等的)架子;搁板shelf
16. 电子书e-book
17. 学校作业schoolwork
18. 连环漫画comic
形容词
19. 最近的;最新的recent
副词
20. 效率高地efficiently
多重词性词
21. n.印刷品 v.打印print
二.重点短语背默
1. 努力改善(或完成)work on
2. 做笔记take notes
3. ……的秘诀 the secret to...
4. 查阅;检查look up
5. 参加﹐参与take part in
6. 总的来说;通常in general
7. 开始从事,着手(某工作)start out
8. (偶然)遇见;发现come across
9. 逐步地;循序渐进地step by step
10. 增加;加强;创建build up
11. 推迟;拖延put off
12. 成长型思维模式a growth mindset
13. 做某事有困难have trouble doing sth
14. 在某种程度上;部分地in part
15. 把……视为…… see...as...
16. 另外;此外in addition
17. 闲逛;常去某地hang out
18. 认真对待be serious about
19. 利用take advantage of
20. 对……有更深入的理解get a deeper understanding of...
21. 不再;不复no longer
22. 打开;开放open up
三.重点句子背默
1.这款学习应用软件会找出你的薄弱项,并提供练习来改善它们。
The learning app will find your weak points and give exercises to work on them.
2.通过动手做实验,彼得发现自己能够把物理(知识)和现实生活中的事物联系起来。
By doing hands-on experiments, Peter finds that he can connect physics with something in real life.
3.抽认卡便于携带来复习单词。
Flashcards are easy to carry around for reviewing words.
4.你应该阅读符合自己英语水平的书。
You should read books that suit your English level.
5.对于学习英语,我认为首先你要成为一名主动学习者。
For learning English, I think first you need to become an active learner.
6.我的意思是,你只需要一步一步来。从简单的事情做起,然后循序渐进。
I mean, you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up.
7.他建议学习者应该非常仔细地阅读和做笔记,然后总结要点。
He suggested that learners should read and take notes very carefully, then summarize the key points.
8.作为一个主动学习者,华罗庚无论在生活和学习中遇到什么困难都保持乐观。
As an active learner, Hua Luogeng stayed positive no matter what difficulties he met in his life and studies.
9.熟能生巧。
Practice makes perfect.
10.研究表明,成为一名成功的学习者,首要关键是拥有成长型思维模式。
Studies show that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset.
11.拥有成长型思维的人会将错误视为学习的机会,因为错误能教会我们如何改进。
People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances for learning, as they teach us how to improve.
12.我们练得越多,我们学得就越好。
The more we practise, the better we learn.
13.网上的学习资料如此之多,因此认真思考并明智地选择学习内容与学习方式很重要。
Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is important to think carefully and choose wisely what and how you study.
14.利用最好的工具与资源,明智且高效地学习。
Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently.
15.阅读为我打开了全新的世界,也让我得以亲自去探索新的事物。
Reading opened up new worlds and allowed me to discover new things for myself.
16.我认为阅读对我的课业帮助很大,也让我对自己的未来更加充满信心。
I believe that reading has helped me a lot with my schoolwork and made me more confident about my future.
四.核心知识点阅读
考点1:How do you study for ... ?句意:“你如何学习......?”
本句是疑问词how开头的特殊疑问句,其中how询问方式,答句需用“by + 动词-ing”结构说明具体方法。
例句:-How do you study for a test?你如何备考?
-By working with a group.通过小组合作学习。
考点2:look up words in a dictionary (教材P23 2a)
look up 查阅;检查(尤指在词典、参考书中或通过电脑查阅。)
look up + 名词 = look + 名词 + up
look + 人称代词(只能放中间)+up
Alan, could you pass me the dictionary over there? I want to look up a word.艾伦,你能把那边的词典递给我一下吗?我想查一个单词。
These flowers are very rare. Let’s look them up on the website to know their names.这些花非常稀有。我们在网站上查一下来了解一下它们的名称吧。
词块拓展
look after 照顾 look for 寻找
look around 环顾 look like 看起来像
look forward to 盼望 look out 小心
look through 快速查看;浏览 look over 查看;检查
考点3:I find it difficult to follow conversations. (教材P23 2d)
find it + adj. (+for sb.) + to do sth. 认为做某事(对某人来说)是……的
it在此处作形式宾语,无实际意义,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语,形容词在此作宾语补足语。可用于此结构的动词还有think、make、feel、consider等。
Many foreigners find it interesting to use chopsticks to eat.许多外国人认为用筷子吃饭很有趣。
Tom finds it difficult for him to remember all the new words.汤姆认为对他而言记住所有生词是很难的。
Parents consider it hard for kids to keep quiet for a long time.父母认为对孩子来说,长时间保持安静很难。
考点4:I’m afraid of making mistakes.句意:“我害怕犯错误。”
be afraid of 害 怕 …… 后面可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物
be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
例句:She is afraid of the dark.她害怕黑暗。
He is afraid of speaking in public.他害怕当众讲话。
考点5:Thanks for having me!句意:“谢谢你邀请我!”
Thanks for sth/doing sth. 因某事做某事而感谢某人 。
其中for是介词,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
thanks for(doing)sth 相当于thank you for (doing ) sth.
例句:Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
Thanks for telling me the good news.谢谢你告诉我这个好消息。
考点6:What do you mean by that?句意:“你这么说是什么意思?”
What do you mean by ...? ......是什么意思?
by 后接名词性结构,如名词、名词短语或从句等。
例句:What do you mean by this word?这个单词是什么意思?
What do you mean by leaving so early?你这么早离开是什么意思?
考点7:Cathy often puts off working on her project to the last day.句意:“凯茜经常把她的项目工作拖延到最后一天才做。”
put off 推迟 ; 拖延
是“动词+副词”结构,常用名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语。
put off doing sth 推迟做某事
例句:We put off having the sports meeting.我们推迟举行运动会。
She put off telling him the truth.她推迟告诉他真相。
词块拓展
与put相关的其他短语:
put down 放下;写下 put out 熄灭
put away 把……放回原处 put in 安装
put up 张贴;搭建;举起 put on 穿上;上演;体重增加
put through 为……接通电话 put forward 提出(计划、建议等)
考点8:My parents think that they need to be stricter about my studies.句意:“我父母认为他们需要对我的学习更严格一些。”
be strict about sth 对某事要求严格
be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
例句:Our teacher is strict about our homework.老师对我们的作业要求严格。
My parents are strict with me.我父母对我要求严格。
考点9:He suggested that learners should read and take notes very carefully, then summarize the key points.句意:“他建议学习者要非常认真地阅读和记笔记,然后总结要点。”
suggest sth(to sb) (向某人) 提议 / 建议某事
suggest doing sth 建议做某事
suggest+that 引导的宾语从句 “建 议 ……” 这时宾语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。
例句:He suggested a walk. 他提议散散步。
Peter suggested buying some stamps for her. 彼得建议给她买一些邮票。
考点10:But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. (教材P24 3a)
come across (偶然)遇见;发现
She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
We’ve come across a few problems that need resolving.我们碰到了几个需要解决的问题。
考点11:I mean, you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up. (教材P24 3a)
step by step 逐步地;循序渐进地
step在此作名词,表示“步,阶段”。
Our teacher shows us how to make a model plane step by step.我们的老师一步步地教我们如何制作飞机模型。
Step by step, you will find English grammar is not that hard.逐渐地你会发现英语语法其实并不那么难。
词块拓展
与step相关的其他短语:
mind/watch your step 走路小心
a/one step at a time 一步一步地
build up 增加;加强;创建
① 增加;加强 build up one’s confidence 增强某人的信心
If you don’t express your feelings, frustration and anger can build up.你如果不把自己的感受表达出来,沮丧和愤怒的情绪就会越积越多。
Taking exercise will build up your strength. 锻炼可以增强你的体力。
The teacher’s encouragement built up his confidence a lot.老师的鼓励极大地增强了他的信心。
② 创建
We want to build up a new school in the village.我们想在村子里建一所新学校。
考点12:Make learning enjoyable (教材P24 3b)
enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的
由“enjoy (v. 享受……的乐趣) + -able”构成,在句中可作定语或表语。
It’s a good time for you to be with each other as well as having the enjoyable food.这是你们在一起享受美食的好时机。(作定语)
Listening to light music after school is enjoyable for me.放学后听轻音乐对我来说是一种很惬意的享受。(作表语)
词缀拓展
-able为形容词后缀,表示“可……的;具有……性质的”。
eat v. 吃 + -able → eatable adj. 可食用的
comfort n. 舒适 + -able → comfortable adj. 舒适的
reason n. 理由 + -able → reasonable adj. 合理的
考点13:Everyone has the ability to learn.句意:“每个人都有学习能力。”
the ability to do sth 做某事的能力
have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事
例句:He shows the ability to solve difficult problems.他展现了解决难题的能力。
She has the ability to speak English well.她有说好英语的能力。
考点14:However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning.句意:“许多学生并没有意识到这一点,他们在学习中遇到了困难。”
have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
同义短语为 have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth.
例句:I have trouble learning English grammar 我学英语语法有困难。
She has difficulty finishing the work她完成这项工作有困难。
考点15:Have a growth mindset to learning. (教材P26 1b)
growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n. 成长;增加
由“grow (v. 成长;增加) + -th”构成。
①(人、动物或植物)生长,成长
The growth of the bamboo is so fast that it can reach 30 metres in a year.竹子的生长速度很快,一年能长到30米高。
② 增加;增长;增强(常与介词in或of连用)
Hard work brings the growth in our study.努力学习能让我们的学习取得进步。
考点16:This means, in part, believing in yourself. (教材P26 1b)
in part 在某种程度上;部分地
为副词性短语,在句中作状语,位置比较灵活。part前可加large或small等修饰词。
In part, we should learn to face difficulties by ourselves.在某种程度上,我们应该学会独自面对困难。
Her progress is in large part because of daily practice.她的进步在很大程度上源于日常的练习。
I agree with you in part, but not completely.我部分同意你的观点,但不完全同意。
考点17:It also means setting goals, taking action, and meeting challenges. (教材P26 1b)
take action 采取行动
可单独使用,也可后接动词不定式。
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
If more countries start to take action like China, the earth will become a greener planet.如果更多国家像中国一样开始采取行动,地球将会变成一个更绿意盎然的星球。
Everyone should take action to save water in daily life.每个人都应该在日常生活中采取行动来节约用水。
考点18:In addition, studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about study. (教材P26 1b)
in addition 另外;此外
可单独使用(后加逗号),也可后接介词to。
We should listen carefully in class. In addition, we must take notes in time.我们上课要认真听讲,另外,还要及时记笔记。
In addition to vegetables, we need to eat some fruit every day to keep healthy.除了蔬菜,我们每天还需要吃些水果来保持健康。
In addition to planting trees, people also try to use reusable bags to protect the earth.除了种树,人们还会尽量使用环保袋来保护地球。
考点19:Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently. (教材P27 1b)
advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n. 优势;优点
反义词:disadvantage “缺点;劣势”
take advantage of...利用……
the advantage(s) of... ……的优点/优势
use/turn sth. to one’s advantage 利用某事物/将某事物转化为有利条件
have an/the advantage over... 比……有优势
No technology is perfect. Each has advantages and disadvantages.没有技术是完美的。每种都有优点和缺点。
We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it.我们必须接受失败,并学会利用它。
The player turns his speed to his advantage in the running race.这位运动员在跑步比赛中把自己的速度转化为优势。
She had the advantage of a good education.她具有受过良好教育的有利条件。
考点20:Soon, I was reading by myself, and I found children’s books no longer kept me interested. 句意:“不久,我便能独立阅读,并且发现儿童读物已不再使我感兴趣。”
by oneself 单独;独立地;靠某人自己
相当于alone或on one’s own。oneself需根据主语在人称和数上作相应变化。
例句:Please find it out by yourself.请独自查明它 。
We should learn to study by ourselves.我们要学会自主学习。
考点21:Reading opened up new worlds and allowed me to discover new things for myself.句意:“阅读为我打开了新的世界,让我能够自己发现新事物。”
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
拓展:allow doing sth 允许做某事
例句:My parents allow me to watch TV on weekends 我的父母允许我周末看电视。
We don’t allow smoking here. 我们这里不允许吸烟。
open up的用法
五.语法串讲
that、if/whether引导的宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,在主从复合句中充当宾语,通常位于及物动词、介词或形容词之后。宾语从句主要分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词包括连接词that、if、whether、连接代词和连接副词。
知识点1连接词that引导的宾语从句
连接词that引导宾语从句时在句中无实义,不充当句子成分,口语中一般可以省略。
I think (that) we should pull together to achieve our dream.我认为我们应该齐心协力,实现我们的梦想。
易错警示 当主句主语为第一人称,且谓语动词是think、believe、suppose、expect等词时,若宾语从句要表示否定含义,常把否定转移至主句。
I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.我认为他那样对待你是不对的。
知识点2连接词whether/if引导的宾语从句
whether/if 意为“是否”,它们引导的宾语从句实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的,宾语从句要用陈述语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换。
I wonder whether/if they will come to our party.我想知道他们是否会来我们的聚会。易错警示 whether与if引导宾语从句时的差异
(1)whether引导的宾语从句可置于主句之前,而if则不能。
Whether it is true or not, I’m not sure.这是真的还是假的,我说不上来。
(2)whether引导的宾语从句可用于介词之后,而if则不能。
Success depends on whether we make enough efforts.成功取决于我们是否作出足够的努力。
(3)whether可与or not直接连用,而if则不能。
Let me know whether or not you can come.让我知道你是否能来。
六.写作串讲
本单元的话题是“学会学习”,写作任务是介绍学习方法或分享学习经验。常见的写作话题有:①如何学习某种语言(如汉语或英语);②如何学好某个学科;③如何培养好的学习习惯。
中考书面表达中,和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以说明文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有邮件、信件或演讲稿等。
必备词句
(1)try to do sth.尽力做某事
(2)speak Chinese说中文
(3)at school在学校
(4)learn about了解
(5)Chinese culture中国文化
(6)be afraid of害怕
(7)make mistakes犯错
(8)First, the best way to learn a language is to use it.首先,学习一门语言最好的方法就是使用它。
(9)The more you practice, the fewer mistakes you will make.你练习得越多,犯的错误就会越少。
(10)While watching it, we can also learn real English at the same time. 在观看视频的同时,我们还可以学习地道的英语。
(11)The problem is that we write them down but forget them soon. 问题在于,我们虽然将单词记了下来,但很快就会忘记
(12)Spell the words whenever we see them, and review them every day.每当看到单词时就请拼写出来,并每天进行复习。
例题
写作模板
例文
Dear Justin,
Thank you for your trust and I really understand you. Your problem is common among us language learners. Here are some suggestions for you.
First, the best way to learn a language is to use it. You should try to speak Chinese with your classmates or teachers at school. Second, you can learn more about Chinese culture, which will help you to understand the language better. Third, don’t be afraid of making mistakes. It’s normal to make mistakes. The more you practice, the fewer mistakes you will make.
Try the suggestions above, and I believe you will learn Chinese well. I hope you will enjoy your stay here.
Yours,
Li Hua
$
Unit 3 Smart Learning
知识清单(单词、短语、句子、语法、写作)
一.重点单词背默
Section A How do we learn?
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
动词
1. 建议;提议
2. 总结;概括
名词
3. 学习者
4. (用于学习的)卡片;抽认卡
5. 专题研究;项目
6. 网站
7. 实验;试验
8. 词典;字典
9. 对话;对白
10. 语法
11. 播客
12. 策略
13. 方法
形容词
14. 动手的;实际操作的
15. 总的;大体的
16. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的
副词
17. 出声地;大声地
18. 积极地
数词
19. 零;最低程度
多重词性词
20. v.适合;有利于 n.套装
21. n.速度 v.加速;促进
Section B How can we get better at learning?
动词
1. (用鼠标或在触摸板上)点击;(使)发出咔嗒声
名词
2. 成长;增加
3. 观念模式
4. 材料
5. 指导
6. 反馈的意见
7. 添加;加法
8. 资源;资料
9. 教科书;课本
10. 优势;优点
11. 山谷;溪谷
12. 发音;读音
13. 报纸
14. 杂志;期刊
15. (墙壁、书橱等的)架子;搁板
16. 电子书
17. 学校作业
18. 连环漫画
形容词
19. 最近的;最新的
副词
20. 效率高地
多重词性词
21. n.印刷品 v.打印
二.重点短语背默
1. 努力改善(或完成)
2. 做笔记
3. ……的秘诀
4. 查阅;检查
5. 参加﹐参与
6. 总的来说;通常
7. 开始从事,着手(某工作)
8. (偶然)遇见;发现
9. 逐步地;循序渐进地
10. 增加;加强;创建
11. 推迟;拖延
12. 成长型思维模式
13. 做某事有困难
14. 在某种程度上;部分地
15. 把……视为……
16. 另外;此外
17. 闲逛;常去某地
18. 认真对待
19. 利用
20. 对……有更深入的理解
21. 不再;不复
22. 打开;开放
三.重点句子背默
1.这款学习应用软件会找出你的薄弱项,并提供练习来改善它们。
The learning app will find your and them.
2.通过动手做实验,彼得发现自己能够把物理(知识)和现实生活中的事物联系起来。
By doing , Peter finds that he can with something in real life.
3.抽认卡便于携带来复习单词。
Flashcards .
4.你应该阅读符合自己英语水平的书。
You should read books that .
5.对于学习英语,我认为首先你要成为一名主动学习者。
For learning English, I think first you .
6.我的意思是,你只需要一步一步来。从简单的事情做起,然后循序渐进。
I mean, you just have to take things . Start simple and .
7.他建议学习者应该非常仔细地阅读和做笔记,然后总结要点。
He that learners should read and very carefully, then the key points.
8.作为一个主动学习者,华罗庚无论在生活和学习中遇到什么困难都保持乐观。
, Hua Luogeng stayed positive he met in his life and studies.
9.熟能生巧。
.
10.研究表明,成为一名成功的学习者,首要关键是拥有成长型思维模式。
Studies show that the first . 11.拥有成长型思维的人会将错误视为学习的机会,因为错误能教会我们如何改进。
People with a see mistakes as chances for learning, as they teach us how to improve.
12.我们练得越多,我们学得就越好。
.
13.网上的学习资料如此之多,因此认真思考并明智地选择学习内容与学习方式很重要。
Since there are so many learning materials on the internet,
.
14.利用最好的工具与资源,明智且高效地学习。
the best tools and to learn wisely and efficiently.
15.阅读为我打开了全新的世界,也让我得以亲自去探索新的事物。
new worlds and me to discover new things for myself.
16.我认为阅读对我的课业帮助很大,也让我对自己的未来更加充满信心。
I believe that reading has helped me a lot with my schoolwork and about my future.
四.核心知识点阅读
考点1:How do you study for ... ?句意:“你如何学习......?”
本句是疑问词how开头的特殊疑问句,其中how询问方式,答句需用“by + 动词-ing”结构说明具体方法。
例句:- a test?你如何备考?
- working with a group.通过小组合作学习。
考点2:look up words in a dictionary (教材P23 2a)
look up 查阅;检查(尤指在词典、参考书中或通过电脑查阅。)
look up + 名词 = look + 名词 + up
look + 人称代词(只能放中间)+up
Alan, could you pass me the dictionary over there? I want to a word.艾伦,你能把那边的词典递给我一下吗?我想查一个单词。
These flowers are very rare. Let’s on the website to know their names.这些花非常稀有。我们在网站上查一下来了解一下它们的名称吧。
词块拓展
look after 照顾 look for 寻找
look around 环顾 look like 看起来像
look forward to 盼望 look out 小心
look through 快速查看;浏览 look over 查看;检查
考点3:I find it difficult to follow conversations. (教材P23 2d)
find it + adj. (+for sb.) + to do sth. 认为做某事(对某人来说)是……的
it在此处作形式宾语,无实际意义,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语,形容词在此作宾语补足语。可用于此结构的动词还有think、make、feel、consider等。
Many foreigners find interesting to use chopsticks to eat.许多外国人认为用筷子吃饭很有趣。
Tom finds it for him to remember all the new words.汤姆认为对他而言记住所有生词是很难的。
Parents consider it hard kids to keep quiet for a long time.父母认为对孩子来说,长时间保持安静很难。
考点4:I’m afraid of making mistakes.句意:“我害怕犯错误。”
be afraid of 害 怕 …… 后面可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物
be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
例句:She is afraid the dark.她害怕黑暗。
He is afraid of in public.他害怕当众讲话。
考点5:Thanks for having me!句意:“谢谢你邀请我!”
Thanks for sth/doing sth. 因某事做某事而感谢某人 。
其中for是介词,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
thanks for(doing)sth 相当于thank you for (doing ) sth.
例句:Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
Thanks for me the good news.谢谢你告诉我这个好消息。
考点6:What do you mean by that?句意:“你这么说是什么意思?”
What do you mean by ...? ......是什么意思?
by 后接名词性结构,如名词、名词短语或从句等。
例句:What do you mean this word?这个单词是什么意思?
What do you mean by so early?你这么早离开是什么意思?
考点7:Cathy often puts off working on her project to the last day.句意:“凯茜经常把她的项目工作拖延到最后一天才做。”
put off 推迟 ; 拖延
是“动词+副词”结构,常用名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语。
put off doing sth 推迟做某事
例句:We put off the sports meeting.我们推迟举行运动会。
She put telling him the truth.她推迟告诉他真相。
词块拓展
与put相关的其他短语:
put down 放下;写下 put out 熄灭
put away 把……放回原处 put in 安装
put up 张贴;搭建;举起 put on 穿上;上演;体重增加
put through 为……接通电话 put forward 提出(计划、建议等)
考点8:My parents think that they need to be stricter about my studies.句意:“我父母认为他们需要对我的学习更严格一些。”
be strict about sth 对某事要求严格
be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
例句:Our teacher is strict our homework.老师对我们的作业要求严格。
My parents are strict me.我父母对我要求严格。
考点9:He suggested that learners should read and take notes very carefully, then summarize the key points.句意:“他建议学习者要非常认真地阅读和记笔记,然后总结要点。”
suggest sth(to sb) (向某人) 提议 / 建议某事
suggest doing sth 建议做某事
suggest+that 引导的宾语从句 “建 议 ……” 这时宾语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。
例句:He a walk. 他提议散散步。
Peter suggested some stamps for her. 彼得建议给她买一些邮票。
考点10:But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. (教材P24 3a)
come across (偶然)遇见;发现
She some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
We’ve a few problems that need resolving.我们碰到了几个需要解决的问题。
考点11:I mean, you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up. (教材P24 3a)
step by step 逐步地;循序渐进地
step在此作名词,表示“步,阶段”。
Our teacher shows us how to make a model plane .我们的老师一步步地教我们如何制作飞机模型。
, you will find English grammar is not that hard.逐渐地你会发现英语语法其实并不那么难。
词块拓展
与step相关的其他短语:
mind/watch your step 走路小心
a/one step at a time 一步一步地
build up 增加;加强;创建
① 增加;加强 build up one’s confidence 增强某人的信心
If you don’t express your feelings, frustration and anger can .你如果不把自己的感受表达出来,沮丧和愤怒的情绪就会越积越多。
Taking exercise will your strength. 锻炼可以增强你的体力。
The teacher’s encouragement his confidence a lot.老师的鼓励极大地增强了他的信心。
② 创建
We want to a new school in the village.我们想在村子里建一所新学校。
考点12:Make learning enjoyable (教材P24 3b)
enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的
由“enjoy (v. 享受……的乐趣) + -able”构成,在句中可作定语或表语。
It’s a good time for you to be with each other as well as having the food.这是你们在一起享受美食的好时机。(作定语)
Listening to light music after school is for me.放学后听轻音乐对我来说是一种很惬意的享受。(作表语)
词缀拓展
-able为形容词后缀,表示“可……的;具有……性质的”。
eat v. 吃 + -able → eatable adj. 可食用的
comfort n. 舒适 + -able → comfortable adj. 舒适的
reason n. 理由 + -able → reasonable adj. 合理的
考点13:Everyone has the ability to learn.句意:“每个人都有学习能力。”
the ability to do sth 做某事的能力
have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事
例句:He shows the to solve difficult problems.他展现了解决难题的能力。
She has the ability speak English well.她有说好英语的能力。
考点14:However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning.句意:“许多学生并没有意识到这一点,他们在学习中遇到了困难。”
have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
同义短语为 have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth.
例句:I have trouble English grammar 我学英语语法有困难。
She has difficulty the work她完成这项工作有困难。
考点15:Have a growth mindset to learning. (教材P26 1b)
growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n. 成长;增加
由“grow (v. 成长;增加) + -th”构成。
①(人、动物或植物)生长,成长
The of the bamboo is so fast that it can reach 30 metres in a year.竹子的生长速度很快,一年能长到30米高。
② 增加;增长;增强(常与介词in或of连用)
Hard work brings the in our study.努力学习能让我们的学习取得进步。
考点16:This means, in part, believing in yourself. (教材P26 1b)
in part 在某种程度上;部分地
为副词性短语,在句中作状语,位置比较灵活。part前可加large或small等修饰词。
, we should learn to face difficulties by ourselves.在某种程度上,我们应该学会独自面对困难。
Her progress is in large because of daily practice.她的进步在很大程度上源于日常的练习。
I agree with you , but not completely.我部分同意你的观点,但不完全同意。
考点17:It also means setting goals, taking action, and meeting challenges. (教材P26 1b)
take action 采取行动
可单独使用,也可后接动词不定式。
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
If more countries start to like China, the earth will become a greener planet.如果更多国家像中国一样开始采取行动,地球将会变成一个更绿意盎然的星球。
Everyone should in daily life.每个人都应该在日常生活中采取行动来节约用水。
考点18:In addition, studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about study. (教材P26 1b)
in addition 另外;此外
可单独使用(后加逗号),也可后接介词to。
We should listen carefully in class. , we must take notes in time.我们上课要认真听讲,另外,还要及时记笔记。
vegetables, we need to eat some fruit every day to keep healthy.除了蔬菜,我们每天还需要吃些水果来保持健康。
In addition to trees, people also try to use reusable bags to protect the earth.除了种树,人们还会尽量使用环保袋来保护地球。
考点19:Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently. (教材P27 1b)
advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n. 优势;优点
反义词:disadvantage “缺点;劣势”
take advantage of...利用……
the advantage(s) of... ……的优点/优势
use/turn sth. to one’s advantage 利用某事物/将某事物转化为有利条件
have an/the advantage over... 比……有优势
No technology is perfect. Each has and .没有技术是完美的。每种都有优点和缺点。
We must accept our failure and learn to it.我们必须接受失败,并学会利用它。
The player turns his speed to his in the running race.这位运动员在跑步比赛中把自己的速度转化为优势。
She had the of a good education.她具有受过良好教育的有利条件。
考点20:Soon, I was reading by myself, and I found children’s books no longer kept me interested. 句意:“不久,我便能独立阅读,并且发现儿童读物已不再使我感兴趣。”
by oneself 单独;独立地;靠某人自己
相当于alone或on one’s own。oneself需根据主语在人称和数上作相应变化。
例句:Please find it out .请独自查明它 。
We should learn to study .我们要学会自主学习。
考点21:Reading opened up new worlds and allowed me to discover new things for myself.句意:“阅读为我打开了新的世界,让我能够自己发现新事物。”
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
拓展:allow doing sth 允许做某事
例句:My parents allow me watch TV on weekends 我的父母允许我周末看电视。
We don’t allow here. 我们这里不允许吸烟。
open up的用法
五.语法串讲
that、if/whether引导的宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,在主从复合句中充当宾语,通常位于及物动词、介词或形容词之后。宾语从句主要分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词包括连接词that、if、whether、连接代词和连接副词。
知识点1连接词that引导的宾语从句
连接词that引导宾语从句时在句中无实义,不充当句子成分,口语中一般可以省略。
I think (that) we should pull together to achieve our dream.我认为我们应该齐心协力,实现我们的梦想。
易错警示 当主句主语为第一人称,且谓语动词是think、believe、suppose、expect等词时,若宾语从句要表示否定含义,常把否定转移至主句。
I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.我认为他那样对待你是不对的。
知识点2连接词whether/if引导的宾语从句
whether/if 意为“是否”,它们引导的宾语从句实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的,宾语从句要用陈述语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换。
I wonder they will come to our party.我想知道他们是否会来我们的聚会。易错警示 whether与if引导宾语从句时的差异
(1)whether引导的宾语从句可置于主句之前,而if则不能。
it is true or not, I’m not sure.这是真的还是假的,我说不上来。
(2)whether引导的宾语从句可用于介词之后,而if则不能。
Success depends on we make enough efforts.成功取决于我们是否作出足够的努力。
(3)whether可与or not直接连用,而if则不能。
Let me know or not you can come.让我知道你是否能来。
六.写作串讲
本单元的话题是“学会学习”,写作任务是介绍学习方法或分享学习经验。常见的写作话题有:①如何学习某种语言(如汉语或英语);②如何学好某个学科;③如何培养好的学习习惯。
中考书面表达中,和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以说明文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有邮件、信件或演讲稿等。
必备词句
(1)try to do sth.尽力做某事
(2)speak Chinese说中文
(3)at school在学校
(4)learn about了解
(5)Chinese culture中国文化
(6)be afraid of害怕
(7)make mistakes犯错
(8)First, the best way to learn a language is to use it.首先,学习一门语言最好的方法就是使用它。
(9)The more you practice, the fewer mistakes you will make.你练习得越多,犯的错误就会越少。
(10)While watching it, we can also learn real English at the same time. 在观看视频的同时,我们还可以学习地道的英语。
(11)The problem is that we write them down but forget them soon. 问题在于,我们虽然将单词记了下来,但很快就会忘记
(12)Spell the words whenever we see them, and review them every day.每当看到单词时就请拼写出来,并每天进行复习。
例题
写作模板
例文
Dear Justin,
Thank you for your trust and I really understand you.
Try the suggestions above, and I believe you will learn Chinese well. I hope you will enjoy your stay here.
Yours,
Li Hua
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