Unit 5 A fine balance 和谐共生（单元阅读精练）英语新教材外研版九年级上册

Unit 5 A fine balance 和谐共生 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 307 奇迹迁徙：拯救帝王蝶 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 237 北京湿地修复工程：人与自然的和谐共生 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 247 介绍了气候变暖对青藏高原山地生态系统造成的影响，以及我国为保护当地生态平衡所采取的积极应对举措。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 221 讲述了女孩Zhoema继承父亲的事业，投身藏羚羊保护工作的故事 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 231 讲述贵州少年李伟看到家乡森林面积缩小，主动联合同学开展环保行动，邀请林业专家向村民科普护林知识，带动村民一起植树，改善村庄生态环境。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 236 它讲述了朱鹮一度在中国消失，后来被重新发现，经过保护，种群数量不断增长 Passage1 Every spring, a miracle happens in the skies above North America. Millions of monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) begin a long and dangerous journey from Mexico to Canada. This migration is one of the most incredible journeys in the animal world. The butterflies travel up to 4,000 kilometers, crossing mountains, deserts, and lakes. What makes this even more amazing is that the butterflies that start the journey are not the same ones that finish it. It takes three to four generations of butterflies to complete the round trip. However, the monarch butterfly is now in trouble. Over the past 20 years, the number of monarch butterflies has dropped by about 80%. The main reason is the loss of milkweed (乳草), a plant that monarch caterpillars (幼虫) depend on for food. Farmers have cleared many fields where milkweed used to grow, and the use of chemicals has killed much of what remains. Climate change is another factor. Unusual weather patterns can disrupt the butterflies’ migration and reduce their chances of survival. To help save the monarch butterfly, people across North America are taking action. Many schools and families are planting milkweed gardens to provide food for the caterpillars. Scientists are studying the butterflies’ migration routes to understand how to better protect them. Some organizations are working with farmers to create butterfly-friendly habitats on farmland. Technology is also playing a role. A smartphone app called “Journey North” allows people to report monarch sightings. This helps scientists track the butterflies’ movements and identify important stopover sites. With this information, they can focus protection efforts where they are needed most. As one scientist said, “The monarch butterfly is like a thermometer for our planet. Its health reflects the health of our environment. By saving the monarchs, we are also helping to save ourselves.” 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the life cycle of monarch butterflies. B．To describe the incredible migration of monarch butterflies. C．To explain why monarch butterflies are in danger. D．To compare monarch butterflies with other insects. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the decline of monarch butterflies? A．Loss of milkweed. B．Use of chemicals. C．Climate change. D．Hunting by humans. 3．How does the smartphone app “Journey North” help scientists? A．By planting milkweed gardens. B．By tracking the butterflies’ movements. C．By stopping farmers from using chemicals. D．By teaching people how to raise butterflies. 4．What does the scientist mean by saying “The monarch butterfly is like a thermometer for our planet”? A．Monarch butterflies can predict the weather. B．The health of monarch butterflies reflects the health of our environment. C．Monarch butterflies are sensitive to temperature changes. D．Scientists use monarch butterflies to measure temperature. Passage2 Most people think environmental problems only happen in wild natural areas. But in fact, many cities around the world are now working to repair the broken ecological balance inside urban areas. Beijing’s urban wetland restoration project is a good example. Thirty years ago, most of the small wetlands in northern Beijing were filled to build farmland and factories. Rapid industrial development brought serious water pollution. Smog and dirty water hurt local plants and animals, and many rare species disappeared from the city. The negative influence broke the natural balance of the urban ecosystem. In 2018, the city government started a project to bring back the wetlands. Workers cleared polluted water, planted local plants and built new habitats for wild birds and small animals. Environmental organisations also taught local people how to protect the wetlands and stop littering. After eight years of hard work, the wetlands have become a new home for more than 200 species of wild birds. Many endangered water plants have also grown back. Furthermore, the wetlands help clean city rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding. They also provide a quiet relaxing space for local people to get close to nature. “This project tells us that humans don’t have to fight against nature. We can live together and keep a fine balance,” said a scientist from Peking University. “If we give a little space back to nature, it will surprise us with beautiful gifts.” 1．What was done to the wetlands in northern Beijing 30 years ago? A．They were turned into farmland and factories. B．They were turned into tourist parks. C．They were polluted by wild animals. D．They were protected by the government. 2．Which of the following is NOT a change after the wetland restoration project? A．More wild birds live in the wetlands now. B．Endangered water plants have grown back. C．The risk of flooding has increased. D．Local people have a place to relax close to nature. 3．What does the underlined word “restoration” probably mean in Chinese? A．破坏 B．修复 C．开发 D．污染 4．What can we infer from the scientist’s words? A．Humans should take all space from nature for development. B．There is no way to fix the broken balance in cities. C．It is possible for humans and nature to live in balance. D．Natural wetlands can not solve any environmental problems in cities. 5．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To explain why urban wetlands disappeared in Beijing. B．To call on people to stop littering in city parks. C．To introduce a successful project that fixes urban ecological balance. D．To compare environmental problems in wild areas and cities. Passage 1 Climate change is influencing ecosystems all over the world, and mountain areas are facing some of the fastest changes. A new study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the warming temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is changing the balance of the mountain ecosystem. Over the past 50 years, the average temperature on the plateau has risen by 1.5℃, which is faster than the world average. The rising temperature makes the snowline move higher up the mountain. Many tiny plants that live in cold high areas are losing their living space. At the same time, some lowland plants are moving higher and taking the place of the original cold climate plants. If this continues, about 30% of the endangered alpine plants on the plateau will disappear by 2100. This will also influence the animals that depend on these plants for food and homes. Scientists say this is a serious warning that the fine ecological balance of the whole plateau is in danger. The study also highlights some good news. China’s national protection projects have slowed down the speed of change. Local environmental protection teams have collected seeds of endangered alpine plants and planted them in protected areas. They are also working to cut down negative human activities like over-grazing and illegal mining. “Climate change is a big challenge, but we can still do something to protect the balance. The key is to act early before it is too late,” said the lead scientist of the study. 1．Where did the new study come from? A．Peking University. B．The Chinese Academy of Sciences. C．Peking Union Medical College. D．Xishuangbanna Research Center. 2．How much has the average temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau risen over the past 50 years? A．0.5℃. B．1.0℃. C．1.5℃. D．2.0℃. 3．Why are lowland plants moving higher up the mountain? A．Because the temperature is getting warmer. B．Because the snowline is moving lower. C．Because people plant them on the mountain. D．Because the lowland has no more space for them. 4．Which of the following is a good action that China has taken to protect the alpine plants? A．Cutting down the number of animals on the plateau. B．Building new farms for lowland plants. C．Collecting seeds of endangered plants and planting them in protected areas. D．Stopping all human activities on the plateau. 5．What is the main message of the text? A．Climate change has already destroyed all the mountain ecosystems. B．There is nothing we can do to stop the change of mountain ecosystems. C．Warming temperature changes mountain ecosystems, but we can act. D．All alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau will disappear by 2100. Passage 2 When Zhoema was 12 years old, her father became a protector of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At first, Zhoema did not understand why her father spent most of his time on the cold grassland instead of staying with the family. Tibetan antelopes are a vulnerable species that live on the plateau. In the 1990s, illegal hunting made their number drop rapidly to less than 20,000. They were close to dying out completely. The bad balance of the ecosystem worried scientists and environmental workers worldwide. Zhoema’s father was one of the first local protectors to join the organisation. Three years ago, Zhoema finished high school and chose to go back to the grassland to work with her father. “At first I came just to look after my father, but gradually I fell in love with this job,” she said. Now she uses her phone to record the antelopes’ activities and shares their stories on social media. Her videos have drawn thousands of foreign visitors’ attention to the protection work. By 2025, the number of Tibetan antelopes has grown to more than 300,000. This is one of the greatest success stories of endangered animal protection in China. “We still have a long way to go, but we will keep working to keep the fine balance between humans and nature,” Zhoema said. 1．Why did Zhoema first go to the grassland? A．She wanted to protect antelopes. B．She finished high school and had nothing to do. C．She wanted to look after her father. D．She wanted to make videos for social media. 2．What was the number of Tibetan antelopes in the 1990s? A．Less than 20,000. B．About 30,000. C．More than 200,000. D．More than 300,000. 3．How does Zhoema help with the protection work now? A．She catches illegal hunters by herself. B．She shares antelope stories online to get more attention. C．She builds new homes for antelopes on the plateau. D．She teaches local people how to hunt antelopes. 4．What can we learn from Zhoema’s words? A．The protection work has already finished perfectly. B．There is no more need to protect Tibetan antelopes. C．She will continue working on protecting the balance of nature. D．She thinks humans should not share the land with antelopes. 5．What is the main idea of the story? A．How the number of Tibetan antelopes dropped quickly. B．A young woman continues her father’s work to protect endangered antelopes. C．Why Tibetan antelopes become an endangered species. D．The best ways to protect vulnerable animals on the plateau. Passage 3 Li Wei is a 16-year-old student from a small village in Guizhou. His village is surrounded by mountains and forests, but in recent years, he noticed that the forests were getting smaller. Many trees were being cut down, and some wild animals disappeared. Li Wei decided to do something. He started by talking to his classmates about the importance of protecting forests. Together, they formed an environmental club at school. They organised tree-planting activities and cleaned up litter in the nearby woods. They also made posters to teach villagers about the dangers of cutting down too many trees. At first, some villagers didn’t understand. They said they needed to cut trees to build houses and make money. Li Wei didn’t give up. He invited a local forestry expert to give a talk in the village. The expert explained that healthy forests bring rain, prevent floods, and provide homes for animals. Without forests, the land could become barren. Slowly, the villagers began to change their minds. Some joined the students in planting trees. The village head also made new rules to limit tree cutting. Now, Li Wei’s village has planted over 5,000 trees in the past two years. Birds and small animals are coming back. Li Wei says, “I’m just a student, but I believe everyone can make a difference. Protecting nature is not just the job of adults—it’s everyone’s responsibility.” 1．What did Li Wei notice about his village in recent years? A．The forests were getting smaller. B．More tourists were visiting the village. C．The villagers were planting more trees. D．The water in the river became cleaner. 2．What did Li Wei and his classmates do to protect the forests? A．They built a fence around the forest. B．They organised tree-planting activities and made posters. C．They stopped the villagers from cutting any trees. D．They wrote a letter to the government. 3．How did Li Wei persuade the villagers who didn’t understand? A．He argued with them until they agreed. B．He invited a forestry expert to give a talk. C．He paid them not to cut trees. D．He planted trees in their yards. 4．What does the underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Rich and fertile. B．Full of life. C．Dry and empty. D．Covered with trees. 5．What can we learn from Li Wei’s story? A．Only adults can protect the environment. B．Students should focus on studying, not environmental activities. C．Everyone, no matter how young, can make a difference. D．Cutting down trees is always wrong. Passage 4 The Birds That Came Back The crested ibis is a large white bird which lives in wetlands and rice fields. It has a red face and a long black beak which curves downwards. In the 1960s people thought it had gone from China for ever. In 1981, however, a scientist who was working in Yangxian, Shaanxi, found seven birds in the wild: four adults and three young ones. The news which reached Beijing at once changed everything. The government set up a protected area around the nests, and the farmers who worked in the fields nearby agreed to stop using chemicals. They also kept their rice fields wet in winter, so that the birds which feed on small animals in the water could always find food. By 2023 the number of crested ibises in China had grown to more than 7,000. About 700 of them live in the wild; the rest were born in the centres which were built for them. In 2008 some of the birds were sent to Japan and South Korea, which had lost all of their own ibises years before. Scientists say the bird is not safe yet. The home which it shares with more and more people is still small. Every bird that flies out of our centre carries a hope, says an old keeper. We are not saving a bird; we are saving a balance that was broken long ago. 1．Where were the seven crested ibises found in 1981? A．In Sichuan. B．In Shaanxi. C．In Japan. D．In South Korea. 2．What does the beak of the crested ibis look like? A．Short and red. B．Long, black and curving downwards. C．Yellow and straight. D．Black and very wide. 3．What did the farmers near the nests agree to do? A．To leave their village. B．To build more rice fields. C．To stop using chemicals and keep the fields wet in winter. D．To send all the birds to Japan. 4．How many crested ibises live in the wild in China by 2023? A．About 700. B．About 1,800. C．About 7,000. D．About 2023. 5．What does the keeper mean in the last paragraph? A．Saving the bird helps bring back the balance of nature. B．The birds are too expensive to keep. C．The centre needs more money from visitors. D．Every bird will fly to Japan one day. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 A fine balance 和谐共生 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 307 奇迹迁徙：拯救帝王蝶 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 237 北京湿地修复工程：人与自然的和谐共生 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 247 介绍了气候变暖对青藏高原山地生态系统造成的影响，以及我国为保护当地生态平衡所采取的积极应对举措。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 221 讲述了女孩Zhoema继承父亲的事业，投身藏羚羊保护工作的故事 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 231 讲述贵州少年李伟看到家乡森林面积缩小，主动联合同学开展环保行动，邀请林业专家向村民科普护林知识，带动村民一起植树，改善村庄生态环境。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 236 它讲述了朱鹮一度在中国消失，后来被重新发现，经过保护，种群数量不断增长 Passage1 Every spring, a miracle happens in the skies above North America. Millions of monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) begin a long and dangerous journey from Mexico to Canada. This migration is one of the most incredible journeys in the animal world. The butterflies travel up to 4,000 kilometers, crossing mountains, deserts, and lakes. What makes this even more amazing is that the butterflies that start the journey are not the same ones that finish it. It takes three to four generations of butterflies to complete the round trip. However, the monarch butterfly is now in trouble. Over the past 20 years, the number of monarch butterflies has dropped by about 80%. The main reason is the loss of milkweed (乳草), a plant that monarch caterpillars (幼虫) depend on for food. Farmers have cleared many fields where milkweed used to grow, and the use of chemicals has killed much of what remains. Climate change is another factor. Unusual weather patterns can disrupt the butterflies’ migration and reduce their chances of survival. To help save the monarch butterfly, people across North America are taking action. Many schools and families are planting milkweed gardens to provide food for the caterpillars. Scientists are studying the butterflies’ migration routes to understand how to better protect them. Some organizations are working with farmers to create butterfly-friendly habitats on farmland. Technology is also playing a role. A smartphone app called “Journey North” allows people to report monarch sightings. This helps scientists track the butterflies’ movements and identify important stopover sites. With this information, they can focus protection efforts where they are needed most. As one scientist said, “The monarch butterfly is like a thermometer for our planet. Its health reflects the health of our environment. By saving the monarchs, we are also helping to save ourselves.” 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the life cycle of monarch butterflies. B．To describe the incredible migration of monarch butterflies. C．To explain why monarch butterflies are in danger. D．To compare monarch butterflies with other insects. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the decline of monarch butterflies? A．Loss of milkweed. B．Use of chemicals. C．Climate change. D．Hunting by humans. 3．How does the smartphone app “Journey North” help scientists? A．By planting milkweed gardens. B．By tracking the butterflies’ movements. C．By stopping farmers from using chemicals. D．By teaching people how to raise butterflies. 4．What does the scientist mean by saying “The monarch butterfly is like a thermometer for our planet”? A．Monarch butterflies can predict the weather. B．The health of monarch butterflies reflects the health of our environment. C．Monarch butterflies are sensitive to temperature changes. D．Scientists use monarch butterflies to measure temperature. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了帝王蝶从墨西哥到加拿大的迁徙奇迹，以及它们面临的生存危机，包括乳草减少、气候变化等因素，并介绍了人们为保护帝王蝶所采取的行动。 【详解】16．第一段主要描述帝王蝶的迁徙过程，提到“This migration is one of the most incredible journeys in the animal world”和“The butterflies travel up to 4,000 kilometers”，直接说明第一段旨在描述帝王蝶的惊人迁徙。 1．第二段提到帝王蝶数量下降的原因：“The main reason is the loss of milkweed”“the use of chemicals has killed much of what remains”和“Climate change is another factor”，但未提及“Hunting by humans”。 2．第四段提到“A smartphone app called ‘Journey North’ allows people to report monarch sightings. This helps scientists track the butterflies’ movements”，说明该应用通过跟踪帝王蝶的活动来帮助科学家。 3．最后一段科学家说“The monarch butterfly is like a thermometer for our planet. Its health reflects the health of our environment”，说明帝王蝶的健康状况反映了环境健康。 【全文翻译】 每年春天，北美上空都会上演一场奇迹。数百万只帝王蝶开启一段漫长而危险的迁徙，从墨西哥飞往加拿大。这场迁徙是动物界最不可思议的旅程之一。蝴蝶最远要飞行 4000 公里，翻越山脉、穿越沙漠与湖泊。更令人惊叹的是，启程的帝王蝶并不是完成旅程的那一批。往返全程需要三到四代帝王蝶接力完成。 然而，帝王蝶如今陷入了生存危机。在过去 20 年间，帝王蝶的数量减少了约 80%。主要原因是乳草的消失 —— 乳草是帝王蝶幼虫赖以生存的食物。农民清理了许多曾经生长乳草的田地，化学品的使用又杀死了余下大部分乳草。气候变化是另一大诱因。异常的气候模式会扰乱蝴蝶的迁徙，降低它们存活的几率。 为拯救帝王蝶，北美各地的人们正在行动起来。许多学校和家庭种植乳草花园，为幼虫提供食物。科学家研究蝴蝶的迁徙路线，探寻更好的保护方法。一些机构和农民合作，在农田打造适合蝴蝶栖息的环境。 科技也发挥着作用。一款名为 “北方之旅” 的手机应用可供人们上报帝王蝶目击记录。这帮助科学家追踪蝴蝶的活动轨迹，找出重要的中途停歇地。依靠这些信息，科学家可以把保护力量集中在最需要的地方。 正如一位科学家所言：“帝王蝶就像地球的温度计。它的生存状况反映了我们环境的健康程度。拯救帝王蝶，其实也是在拯救我们人类自己。” 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：What makes this even more amazing is that the butterflies that start the journey are not the same ones that finish it. 分析：主句：What makes this even more amazing 是主语从句，作句子主语；is 系动词；that 引导表语从句。表语从句内部嵌套两个定语从句： that start the journey 修饰先行词 the butterflies，that finish it 修饰先行词 the ones（ones 指代 butterflies） 翻译：更令人惊叹的是，启程的帝王蝶并不是完成旅程的那一批。 2. 原句：This helps scientists track the butterflies’ movements and identify important stopover sites. 分析： 固定结构 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事；track 和 identify 是并列动词原形，共用 scientists 作宾语；butterflies’ 名词所有格，表 “蝴蝶的”。 翻译：这帮助科学家追踪蝴蝶的活动轨迹，找出重要的中途停歇地。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. ‌migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 迁徙；迁移 2. caterpillar /ˈkætəpɪlə(r)/ n. 幼虫；毛毛虫 3. disrupt /dɪsˈrʌpt/ v. 扰乱；使中断 4. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 栖息地 5. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 反映；反射 Passage2 Most people think environmental problems only happen in wild natural areas. But in fact, many cities around the world are now working to repair the broken ecological balance inside urban areas. Beijing’s urban wetland restoration project is a good example. Thirty years ago, most of the small wetlands in northern Beijing were filled to build farmland and factories. Rapid industrial development brought serious water pollution. Smog and dirty water hurt local plants and animals, and many rare species disappeared from the city. The negative influence broke the natural balance of the urban ecosystem. In 2018, the city government started a project to bring back the wetlands. Workers cleared polluted water, planted local plants and built new habitats for wild birds and small animals. Environmental organisations also taught local people how to protect the wetlands and stop littering. After eight years of hard work, the wetlands have become a new home for more than 200 species of wild birds. Many endangered water plants have also grown back. Furthermore, the wetlands help clean city rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding. They also provide a quiet relaxing space for local people to get close to nature. “This project tells us that humans don’t have to fight against nature. We can live together and keep a fine balance,” said a scientist from Peking University. “If we give a little space back to nature, it will surprise us with beautiful gifts.” 1．What was done to the wetlands in northern Beijing 30 years ago? A．They were turned into farmland and factories. B．They were turned into tourist parks. C．They were polluted by wild animals. D．They were protected by the government. 2．Which of the following is NOT a change after the wetland restoration project? A．More wild birds live in the wetlands now. B．Endangered water plants have grown back. C．The risk of flooding has increased. D．Local people have a place to relax close to nature. 3．What does the underlined word “restoration” probably mean in Chinese? A．破坏 B．修复 C．开发 D．污染 4．What can we infer from the scientist’s words? A．Humans should take all space from nature for development. B．There is no way to fix the broken balance in cities. C．It is possible for humans and nature to live in balance. D．Natural wetlands can not solve any environmental problems in cities. 5．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To explain why urban wetlands disappeared in Beijing. B．To call on people to stop littering in city parks. C．To introduce a successful project that fixes urban ecological balance. D．To compare environmental problems in wild areas and cities. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京城市湿地修复项目的成功案例，说明了人类与自然可以和谐共处并恢复城市生态平衡。 【详解】25．根据第二段中“Thirty years ago, most of the small wetlands in northern Beijing were filled to build farmland and factories.”可知，30年前北京北部的湿地被填平用来建造农田和工厂。 1．根据第四段中“…the wetlands help clean city rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding.”可知，湿地修复后降低了洪水的风险，而选项C表示“洪水的风险增加了”，与原文事实相反。 2．根据第一段中“repair the broken ecological balance”以及第三段中“a project to bring back the wetlands”可知，该项目的目的是修复被破坏的生态并把湿地带回来，由此推断划线单词restoration意为“修复”。 3．根据最后一段科学家所说的“This project tells us that humans don’t have to fight against nature. We can live together and keep a fine balance”可知，人类与自然完全有可能保持平衡、和谐共处。 4．本文开篇提出修复城市生态平衡的话题，随后以北京湿地修复项目为例，详细介绍了该项目的背景、实施措施以及取得的良好成效，最后借科学家的话点明主旨。高度概括全文可知，作者的主要写作目的是介绍一个成功修复城市生态平衡的项目。 【全文翻译】 大多数人认为环境问题只发生在野外自然区域。但事实上，世界上许多城市如今都在努力修复城市内部被破坏的生态平衡。北京的城市湿地修复工程就是一个很好的例子。 三十年前，北京北部的大部分小型湿地被填埋，用来修建农田和工厂。快速的工业发展带来了严重的水污染。雾霾和污水伤害了当地的动植物，许多珍稀物种从这座城市消失。这种负面影响破坏了城市生态系统的自然平衡。 2018 年，市政府启动了一项恢复湿地的工程。工作人员清理污水、种植本土植物，并为野生鸟类和小型动物打造新栖息地。环保组织也向当地居民普及湿地保护知识，劝阻乱扔垃圾的行为。 经过八年的努力，这些湿地已经成为 200 多种野生鸟类的新家园。许多濒危水生植物也重新生长。此外，湿地有助于净化城市雨水，降低洪涝风险。它们还为当地居民提供了安静舒适的空间，让人们亲近自然。 北京大学的一位科学家说：“这项工程告诉我们，人类不必与大自然对抗。我们可以共生共存，维持良好的平衡。如果我们把一小片空间还给自然，它会用美好的馈赠带给我们惊喜。” 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：But in fact, many cities around the world are now working to repair the broken ecological balance inside urban areas. 分析： 主干：many cities are now working； around the world 介词短语作后置定语修饰 cities； to repair… 不定式作目的状语； broken 过去分词作形容词，修饰 ecological balance； inside urban areas 介词短语后置修饰 balance。 翻译：但事实上，世界上许多城市如今都在努力修复城市内部被破坏的生态平衡。 2. 原句：If we give a little space back to nature, it will surprise us with beautiful gifts. 分析： 本句含if 引导的条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 规则：从句：If we give a little space back to nature（一般现在时）主句：it will surprise us with beautiful gifts（一般将来时） give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还某人；with 表示 “用…… 方式”。 翻译：如果我们把一小片空间还给自然，它会用美好的馈赠带给我们惊喜。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/adj. 生态的 2. restoration /ˌrestəˈreɪʃn/n. 恢复；修复 3. habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/n. 栖息地 4. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/adj. 濒危的 5. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/v. 减少；降低 Passage 1 Climate change is influencing ecosystems all over the world, and mountain areas are facing some of the fastest changes. A new study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the warming temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is changing the balance of the mountain ecosystem. Over the past 50 years, the average temperature on the plateau has risen by 1.5℃, which is faster than the world average. The rising temperature makes the snowline move higher up the mountain. Many tiny plants that live in cold high areas are losing their living space. At the same time, some lowland plants are moving higher and taking the place of the original cold climate plants. If this continues, about 30% of the endangered alpine plants on the plateau will disappear by 2100. This will also influence the animals that depend on these plants for food and homes. Scientists say this is a serious warning that the fine ecological balance of the whole plateau is in danger. The study also highlights some good news. China’s national protection projects have slowed down the speed of change. Local environmental protection teams have collected seeds of endangered alpine plants and planted them in protected areas. They are also working to cut down negative human activities like over-grazing and illegal mining. “Climate change is a big challenge, but we can still do something to protect the balance. The key is to act early before it is too late,” said the lead scientist of the study. 1．Where did the new study come from? A．Peking University. B．The Chinese Academy of Sciences. C．Peking Union Medical College. D．Xishuangbanna Research Center. 2．How much has the average temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau risen over the past 50 years? A．0.5℃. B．1.0℃. C．1.5℃. D．2.0℃. 3．Why are lowland plants moving higher up the mountain? A．Because the temperature is getting warmer. B．Because the snowline is moving lower. C．Because people plant them on the mountain. D．Because the lowland has no more space for them. 4．Which of the following is a good action that China has taken to protect the alpine plants? A．Cutting down the number of animals on the plateau. B．Building new farms for lowland plants. C．Collecting seeds of endangered plants and planting them in protected areas. D．Stopping all human activities on the plateau. 5．What is the main message of the text? A．Climate change has already destroyed all the mountain ecosystems. B．There is nothing we can do to stop the change of mountain ecosystems. C．Warming temperature changes mountain ecosystems, but we can act. D．All alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau will disappear by 2100. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了气候变暖对青藏高原山地生态系统造成的影响，以及我国为保护当地生态平衡所采取的积极应对举措。 【详解】30．根据第一段中“A new study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows…”可知，这项新研究来自于中国科学院。 1．根据第二段中“Over the past 50 years, the average temperature on the plateau has risen by 1.5°C…”可知，过去50年来青藏高原的平均气温上升了1.5℃。 2．根据第二段中“The rising temperature makes the snowline move higher up the mountain…At the same time, some lowland plants are moving higher…”可知，气温上升使雪线向上移动，导致原本生活在低地的植物也随之向山的高处迁移，因此低地植物向高处迁移的原因是气温变暖。 3．根据第四段中“Local environmental protection teams have collected seeds of endangered alpine plants and planted them in protected areas.”可知，我国采取的保护措施包括收集濒危高山植物的种子并将它们种植在保护区内。 4．本文前三段阐述了气温变暖对山地生态系统造成的改变与威胁，后两段介绍了我国采取的积极保护措施并引用科学家的话指出“我们可以采取行动保护平衡”。高度概括全文可知，文章旨在阐明气温变暖改变了山地生态系统，但我们可以采取行动进行应对。 Passage 2 When Zhoema was 12 years old, her father became a protector of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At first, Zhoema did not understand why her father spent most of his time on the cold grassland instead of staying with the family. Tibetan antelopes are a vulnerable species that live on the plateau. In the 1990s, illegal hunting made their number drop rapidly to less than 20,000. They were close to dying out completely. The bad balance of the ecosystem worried scientists and environmental workers worldwide. Zhoema’s father was one of the first local protectors to join the organisation. Three years ago, Zhoema finished high school and chose to go back to the grassland to work with her father. “At first I came just to look after my father, but gradually I fell in love with this job,” she said. Now she uses her phone to record the antelopes’ activities and shares their stories on social media. Her videos have drawn thousands of foreign visitors’ attention to the protection work. By 2025, the number of Tibetan antelopes has grown to more than 300,000. This is one of the greatest success stories of endangered animal protection in China. “We still have a long way to go, but we will keep working to keep the fine balance between humans and nature,” Zhoema said. 1．Why did Zhoema first go to the grassland? A．She wanted to protect antelopes. B．She finished high school and had nothing to do. C．She wanted to look after her father. D．She wanted to make videos for social media. 2．What was the number of Tibetan antelopes in the 1990s? A．Less than 20,000. B．About 30,000. C．More than 200,000. D．More than 300,000. 3．How does Zhoema help with the protection work now? A．She catches illegal hunters by herself. B．She shares antelope stories online to get more attention. C．She builds new homes for antelopes on the plateau. D．She teaches local people how to hunt antelopes. 4．What can we learn from Zhoema’s words? A．The protection work has already finished perfectly. B．There is no more need to protect Tibetan antelopes. C．She will continue working on protecting the balance of nature. D．She thinks humans should not share the land with antelopes. 5．What is the main idea of the story? A．How the number of Tibetan antelopes dropped quickly. B．A young woman continues her father’s work to protect endangered antelopes. C．Why Tibetan antelopes become an endangered species. D．The best ways to protect vulnerable animals on the plateau. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了女孩Zhoema继承父亲的事业，投身藏羚羊保护工作的故事。藏羚羊在20世纪90年代因非法捕猎数量锐减至不足2万只，经过保护努力，到2025年数量已增长至30万只以上。 【详解】20．根据第三段“At first I came just to look after my father”可知，Zhoema最初去草原是为了照顾父亲。 1．根据第二段“...illegal hunting made their number drop rapidly to less than 20,000”可知，20世纪90年代藏羚羊数量不足2万只。 2．根据第三段“Now she uses her phone to record the antelopes’ activities and shares their stories on social media”可知，她通过社交媒体分享藏羚羊的故事来引起更多关注。 3．根据最后一段“we will keep working to keep the fine balance between humans and nature”可知，Zhoema表示将继续努力保护自然平衡。 4．文章讲述了Zhoema继承父亲的事业投身藏羚羊保护的故事，B项准确概括了文章主旨。 Passage 3 Li Wei is a 16-year-old student from a small village in Guizhou. His village is surrounded by mountains and forests, but in recent years, he noticed that the forests were getting smaller. Many trees were being cut down, and some wild animals disappeared. Li Wei decided to do something. He started by talking to his classmates about the importance of protecting forests. Together, they formed an environmental club at school. They organised tree-planting activities and cleaned up litter in the nearby woods. They also made posters to teach villagers about the dangers of cutting down too many trees. At first, some villagers didn’t understand. They said they needed to cut trees to build houses and make money. Li Wei didn’t give up. He invited a local forestry expert to give a talk in the village. The expert explained that healthy forests bring rain, prevent floods, and provide homes for animals. Without forests, the land could become barren. Slowly, the villagers began to change their minds. Some joined the students in planting trees. The village head also made new rules to limit tree cutting. Now, Li Wei’s village has planted over 5,000 trees in the past two years. Birds and small animals are coming back. Li Wei says, “I’m just a student, but I believe everyone can make a difference. Protecting nature is not just the job of adults—it’s everyone’s responsibility.” 1．What did Li Wei notice about his village in recent years? A．The forests were getting smaller. B．More tourists were visiting the village. C．The villagers were planting more trees. D．The water in the river became cleaner. 2．What did Li Wei and his classmates do to protect the forests? A．They built a fence around the forest. B．They organised tree-planting activities and made posters. C．They stopped the villagers from cutting any trees. D．They wrote a letter to the government. 3．How did Li Wei persuade the villagers who didn’t understand? A．He argued with them until they agreed. B．He invited a forestry expert to give a talk. C．He paid them not to cut trees. D．He planted trees in their yards. 4．What does the underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Rich and fertile. B．Full of life. C．Dry and empty. D．Covered with trees. 5．What can we learn from Li Wei’s story? A．Only adults can protect the environment. B．Students should focus on studying, not environmental activities. C．Everyone, no matter how young, can make a difference. D．Cutting down trees is always wrong. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述贵州少年李伟看到家乡森林面积缩小，主动联合同学开展环保行动，邀请林业专家向村民科普护林知识，带动村民一起植树，改善村庄生态环境的故事。 【详解】11．根据文章第一段“...but in recent years, he noticed that the forests were getting smaller”，可知李伟注意到森林正在变得越来越小。 1．根据文章第二段“They organised treeplanting activities and cleaned up litter in the nearby woods. They also made posters to teach villagers about the dangers of cutting down too many trees.”，可知李伟和同学们组织植树活动、清理垃圾并且制作海报来保护森林。 2．根据文章第三段“He invited a local forestry expert to give a talk in the village.”，面对不理解的村民，李伟邀请当地林业专家来村里做讲座进行劝说。 3．根据第三段“The expert explained that healthy forests bring rain, prevent floods, and provide homes for animals. Without forests, the land could become barren.”，森林可以带来雨水，没有森林土地就会变得干旱贫瘠，因此barren含义为“干旱且荒芜”。 4．根据文章最后一段“I’m just a student, but I believe everyone can make a difference. Protecting nature is not just the job of adults—it’s everyone’s responsibility.”，说明无论年龄大小，每个人都可以有所作为。 Passage 4 The Birds That Came Back The crested ibis is a large white bird which lives in wetlands and rice fields. It has a red face and a long black beak which curves downwards. In the 1960s people thought it had gone from China for ever. In 1981, however, a scientist who was working in Yangxian, Shaanxi, found seven birds in the wild: four adults and three young ones. The news which reached Beijing at once changed everything. The government set up a protected area around the nests, and the farmers who worked in the fields nearby agreed to stop using chemicals. They also kept their rice fields wet in winter, so that the birds which feed on small animals in the water could always find food. By 2023 the number of crested ibises in China had grown to more than 7,000. About 700 of them live in the wild; the rest were born in the centres which were built for them. In 2008 some of the birds were sent to Japan and South Korea, which had lost all of their own ibises years before. Scientists say the bird is not safe yet. The home which it shares with more and more people is still small. Every bird that flies out of our centre carries a hope, says an old keeper. We are not saving a bird; we are saving a balance that was broken long ago. 1．Where were the seven crested ibises found in 1981? A．In Sichuan. B．In Shaanxi. C．In Japan. D．In South Korea. 2．What does the beak of the crested ibis look like? A．Short and red. B．Long, black and curving downwards. C．Yellow and straight. D．Black and very wide. 3．What did the farmers near the nests agree to do? A．To leave their village. B．To build more rice fields. C．To stop using chemicals and keep the fields wet in winter. D．To send all the birds to Japan. 4．How many crested ibises live in the wild in China by 2023? A．About 700. B．About 1,800. C．About 7,000. D．About 2023. 5．What does the keeper mean in the last paragraph? A．Saving the bird helps bring back the balance of nature. B．The birds are too expensive to keep. C．The centre needs more money from visitors. D．Every bird will fly to Japan one day. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】这篇文章介绍了朱鹮。它讲述了朱鹮一度在中国消失，后来被重新发现，经过保护，种群数量不断增长，拯救朱鹮也是在恢复大自然的平衡。 【详解】1．根据第二段“In 1981, however, a scientist who was working in Yangxian, Shaanxi, found seven birds in the wild: four adults and three young ones.”可知，1981年这七只朱鹮是在陕西发现的。 1．根据第一段“The crested ibis is a large white bird which lives in wetlands and rice fields. It has a red face and a long black beak which curves downwards.”可知，朱鹮的喙又长又黑，向下弯曲。 2．根据第三段“The government set up a protected area around the nests, and the farmers who worked in the fields nearby agreed to stop using chemicals. They also kept their rice fields wet in winter...”可知，鸟巢附近的农民同意停止使用化学品，并在冬天保持田地湿润。 3．根据第四段“By 2023 the number of crested ibises in China had grown to more than 7,000. About 700 of them live in the wild...”可知，到2023年，大约700只朱鹮生活在野外。 4．通过整篇短文，最后一段老饲养员说“We are not saving a bird; we are saving a balance that was broken long ago.”可知，饲养员的意思是拯救这种鸟有助于恢复大自然的平衡。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $