UNIT5 Section I-【成才之路·学案】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

103 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND ●话题词汇 Production Problems and solutions plant vt.栽种，种植，播种 soil pollution土壤污染 irrigate vt.灌溉 face food shortage面临食物短缺 sowt.&vi.播种，种 lead to loss of soil and water导致水土流失 harvest n.收获；收成vt.&vi.收割（庄稼） improve soil productivity提高土壤生产力 artificial/chemical fertilisers人工/化学肥料 poor/dry/fertile soil贫瘠/干旱/肥沃的土壤 organic/chemical farming有机/化学耕作 sustainable farming可持续耕种 control pests防治害虫 solve the problem of..解决…的问题 pest management病虫害管理 keep the ecological balance保持生态平衡 modern/conventional farming methods现代/传 overcome enormous technical difficulties克服 统耕作方法 巨大的技术难题 WORKING THE LAND Crops Production grain n.谷物，谷粒 crop production农作物产量 crop n.庄稼，作物；收成，产量 boost/,burst the yield增加产量 hybrid rice杂交水稻 increase/expand the output greatly极大地提 wheat n.小麦 高产量 peanut n.花生 attain a higher yield than conventional crops organic food有机食品 得比传统农作物更高的产量 be rich in nutrition富含营养 104 Section I Listening and Speaking, Reading and Thinking 自玉预习 ①词汇记忆 3.short adj.短的 t.&vi.扩大；增加u.扩展；发 v.缩短 展（业务） n.不足；缺少；短缺 2. n.(pl.crises)危机；危急关头 4.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 ad.令人信服的 3. t.估计；估价；估算n.估计； ad.确信的；深信的 估算 5.devote v.把…献（给）；把…专用于；专 vt.(overcame,overcome)克服； 心于 解决；战胜 ad山.忠诚的；深爱的 5. t.(通常经过努力)获得；得到 n.关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚；专心 6. t.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提6.real ad.真的；真实的：现实的 高；激励 n.现实；实际情况；事实 ①词汇认知 t.实现 1.bomb n. 7.nutritionn.营养；滋养 ad山.营养（物）的 ad山.有营养的；营养丰富的 2.yield n. 8.chemistry n.化学 vi. ad.与化学有关的；化学的 3.urban adj. n.化学制品；化学品 4.vision n.」 W词块识记 5.domestic adj. 把…用于；献身；致 6.extension n. 力；专心 7.fertiliser(NAmE-izer)n. 3 包括；包含；由…组 8.tunnel n. 成（或构成） 9.flavour n. 依靠 10.tackle vt. 在意；喜欢；照顾 11.leisure n. 凭空想出（不同寻常 12.celebrity n. 的计划、主意) ⑩词汇拓展 6.far from 7.deep down l.consume.消费；消耗 8.fulfil one's dreams n.消费者 )句型感知 n.消耗；消耗量；消费 1.However,what concerned him most was that 2.character n.性格；（人、集体的）品质；（地方 farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes 的)特点 even had a serious shortage of food to eat. n.特征；特点；品质ad.典型 然而，他最担忧的是农民们经常收成不好， 的；独特的 有时甚至口粮严重短缺。 105 2.Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of farming to tackle the food crisis. domestic rice consumption in China is comprised C.Because he took a great interest in farming. of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, D.Because he cared little for money or and his strains have allowed China's farmers to celebrity. produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 2.What did people generally think of developing a 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约 hybrid of self-pollinating plants? 60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物， A.It was great but impossible. 这些品种（形成的作物）让中国农民每年能够 B.It would boost yields in the fields. 生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 C.It could expand farmers'output greatly. 3.Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite D.It would benefit millions of Chinese farmers. wealthy,one might think he would have retired 3.What can we learn from Paragraph 5? to a life of leisure. A.Yuan Longping was indeed a farmer. 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人 B.Yuan Longping hoped to be a farmer at heart. 们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 C.Yuan Longping had retired to a life of leisure. ①课文预读 D.Yuan Longping showed no interest in wealth 一、Reading for the main idea or fame. Match the main idea of each paragraph. 4.What can we know from the text? Para.1 A.Yuan conducted research and developed A.Yuan Longping found a way to attain higher hybrid rice. yields by expanding the area of fields. Para.2 B.Yuan worked hard to fulfill his dreams. B.Yuan Longping led a life of leisure after his Para.3 C.Yuan considered himself a farmer. retirement. Para.4 D.Yuan decided to study agriculture. C.In the 1950s or so,many parts of the Para.5 E.Yuan's innovation has helped to feed countryside were short of food to eat. more people. D.Yuan Longping's way of increasing rice Para.6 F.Yuan cared little for celebrity or harvests only worked in China. money. 5.How does the author show Yuan's qualities? 二、Choose the best answers A.By giving examples. 1.Why did Yuan Longping choose to work the B.By contrast. land? C.By listing numbers. A.Because he was born into a farmer's family. D.By explaining causes. B.Because he needed to do his research on 要点探究 ●核心词汇 )经典例句 1.devote v.把…献（给）；把…专用于；专 (2024·新课标I卷)According to this theory, 心于 people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media,which are often not so 》教材原句 Indeed,his slim but strong body was just like serious,and devote less mental effort than when that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he they are reading print. had devoted his life. 根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之 接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与 奉献一生的千千万万的中国农民无异。 阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少。 106 All in all,it is high time that we devoted)经典例句 ourselves to protecting ocean.To protect ocean The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where is to protect ourselves. trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. 总之，现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。 在树木遭受水资源短缺最严重的地方大树的 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。 损失最为严重。 〉联想拓展 (2024·全国甲卷)Secondly,the introduction of high-speed trains has dramatically shortened devote.·.to(doing)sth.把（时间、精力或注意 travel times,making intercity travel faster and 力)投入、用于（做）某事 more comfortable. devote oneself to献身于；致力于；专心于(to是 其次，高速列车的引入大大缩短了旅行时间， 介词)》 使城际旅行更快、更舒适。 devoted ad山.热爱的，忠诚的 )》联想扼展 be devoted to致力于；献身于 food/water/housing shortages食物/用水/住房 devotion n.献身，忠诚，热爱，专心 短缺 〉温馨提示 shortage of缺乏 表达“献身于…，专心于…”的常用短语 short ac山.不足的；缺乏的 还有： be short of缺乏，不足 give one's life to... shorten u.缩短 commit oneself to... 〉即学即用 apply oneself to... 单句语法填空 dedicate oneself to... (1)An Australian professor is developing a robot that could bring changes to a profession that is 》即学即用 facing a labor (short). 单句语法填空 (2)There is no shortage things to (1)As soon as the race started,David devoted all do in the town. his energy running. 3.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 (2)Then he pointed out that my passion. )教材原句 devote and persistence Yuan was convinced that the answer could be contributed to my success. found in the creation of hybrid rice. 同义句转换 袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中 (3)If you have a job,do devote yourself to it and 找到。 finally you will succeed. )经典例句 →If you have a job,do and As you are a cultural envoy,I am convinced finally you will succeed. that your attendance will surely add color to our 2.shortage n.不足；缺少；短缺 program. 您是一名文化使者，我相信您的出席一定会 〉教材原句 为我们的节目增添色彩。 However,what concerned him most was that His father was still trying to convince him to quit farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes the MIT Swim Team so he could spend more time even had a serious shortage of food to eat. on his research. 然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常歉收，有时 他父亲还是努力试图说服他放弃MT游泳队， 甚至严重缺乏食物。 这样他就可以花更多的时间搞研究。 107 )联想拓展 (3)I didn't give up my opinion and convinced them convince sb.of sth.使某人确信/明白某事 accept)my suggestion,which convince sb.that..使某人相信 turned out to be an effective one convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 完成句子 be convinced(that)/of..坚信… (4)然而，他确信他能做到这一点，自信地对我 convincing adj.令人信服的 微笑。 However, he smiled convinced a.确信的；坚信的 at me with confidence. 〉温馨提示 “t.+sb.+of+sth.”集锦 4.attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到 (某年龄、水平、状况) (1)accuse sb.of sth.控告某人犯某事（罪） (2)cheat sb.of sth.骗取某人某物 )》教材原句 (3)cure sb.of..治好某人（的病） One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually (4)inform sb.of sth..通知某人某情况（事） attain a higher yield than conventional crops. (5)remind sb.of sth.(sb.)使某人想起某事 杂交作物的一个特点就是它们通常能获得比 (人)》 传统作物更高的产量。 (6)idsb.of sth.使某人摆脱某物 》经典例句 (7)obsb.of sth.抢劫某人某物 Since my graduation,I have attained rich (8)warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 experience in this field. 自毕业以来，我在这方面积累了丰富的经验。 》语境串词 Having gone through many difficulties,he Sensing that my family was in financial finally attained his goal. difficulty,I convinced myself to hand in all 他经历了许多困难，终于实现了目标。 the money (that)I earned from my work.It was 〉联想扼展 my father that convinced me of my attain one's goal实现目标 responsibility to make contributions to my attain to..达到；到达 family.I was greatly convinced that as long as attainable adj.可以得到的 our family was devoted to working hard,we 〉即学即用 would lead a better life sooner or later. 完成句子 意识到我家经济困难，我说服我自己交出我 (1)我们付出更多的努力，才能实现目标。 在工作中赚的所有钱。正是我父亲使我明白 Still greater efforts are needed before we can 了我为家人做贡献的责任。我深信只要我们 一家人努力工作，我们早晚会过上更好的 (2)学校教育的目的之一是使学生得到均衡 生活。 发展。 》即学即用 One of the educational objectives of school is to 单句语法填空 make students (1)He tried to convince me of the truth of the news 5.assumption n.假定；设定；（责任的）承担； but he couldn't provide (权力的)获得 (convince)proof. 》教材原句 (2)I am convince that this The common assumption then was that it could method is not effective for improving our not be done. speaking skills. 当时普遍认为这是不可能实现的。 108 〉经典例句 first hybrid rice that could be used for farming (2024·浙江1月卷)It would have been easy to in1974. rely on my assumptions about this highway 通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术 builder who had never been more than a few 难题，于1974年研制出了第一批可用于农业 hundred miles from home. 生产的杂交水稻。 我本可以依靠自己对这位高速公路建设者的 〉经典例句 假设，他从未离家超过几百英里。 (2024·浙江1月卷)She learned excitedly that On the assumption that I am chosen to be with a little creativity and observation,any chairman of the Student Council,I will organize challenge could be overcome. more colorful after-class activities,varying from 她兴奋地了解到，只要有创造力和观察力，任 English speech competitions to outdoor sports. 何挑战都可以克服。 假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰 Her story tells us that we should value what we 富多彩的课外活动，从英语演讲比赛到户外 运动不等。 have,and try our best to overcome any 》联想拓展 difficulty in life. with an assumption of on the assumption that 她的故事告诉我们，我们应该珍惜我们所拥 设/认为… 有的，并尽最大努力克服生活中的任何困难。 assume v.假定；假设；认为 联想扼展 It is assumed that..·人们（普遍）认为… overcome the enemy战胜敌人 assuming con心.假如；假设…为真(+that...) overcome the difficulties克服困难 〉即学即用 be overcome by curiosity受好奇心驱使 单句语法填空 》即学即用 (1)She (assume)that her mom and 语境辨义 dad would feel proud of her great talent and (1)Instead of doing everything for them,parents would appreciate her painting. should encourage their children to overcome (2)It is (assume)that giving up difficulties and inspire them to develop by smoking can help improve our health. themselves. (3)His views are grounded on the (2)Though the problem is minor,it should be (assume)that all people are equal. quickly overcome. 4) assume)that you have all 完成句子 obtained employment and are fairly started,my (3)从学习经历中，我充分明白了只有通过勤奋 advice to you is“aim high”. 的实践我们才能克服各种困难。 完成句子 (5)人们普遍认为当福字倒过来贴的时候，幸福 From the learning experience,I fully 就来临了。 understand that only by diligent practice when Fu is put upside down,happiness arrives. 7.expand vt.&vi.扩大，增加t.扩展，发展 6.overcome(overcame,overcome)vt.克服；解 (业务) 决；战胜 )》教材原句 )教材原句 This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their Through intense effort,Yuan overcame output greatly enormous technical difficulties to develop the 这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民的产量。 109 )经典例句 at a rough estimate粗略估计，粗略说来 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes underestimate.低估 understanding,expands our minds,makes us overestimate v.高估 better people. )】即学即用 旅行促进理解，开阔我们的视野，让我们成 单句语法填空 为更好的人。 (1)So Bosco is now being called Roscoe,whose I'll expand on this problem at the next meeting. critical care and recovery were estimated 我将在下次会议上详谈这个问题。 be)several thousand dollars 〉》联想拓展 完成句子 expand into扩展到 (2)例如，据估计，近三分之一的快餐店顾客独 expand on展开；更充分地阐述；详谈 自用餐。 expand to扩展到 For instance, nearly expansion n.扩张；扩展 a third of all the customers of fast-food )》即学即用 restaurants eat alone. 单句语法填空 9.comprise vt.包括；包含；由…组成 (1)He searched for a way to boost rice harvests 〉教材原句 without expand)the area of Fifteen articles comprise the volume one of this the fields. book. (2)I decided I would expand this 这本书的第一卷有15篇文章。 topic when I had an opportunity to contribute 》经典例句 to this column. The charity sale was comprised of the opening (3)The book is an (expand)of a ceremony,the selling of objects and the closing series of lectures given last year. ceremony. 8.estimate v.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算 慈善义卖包括开幕式、物品销售和闭幕式。 〉教材原句 》联想拓展 Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of be comprised of(=consist of be made up of/be domestic rice consumption in China is comprised composed of)包括；包含；由…组成（或构 of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains... 成) 据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约 〉温馨提示 60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作 consist of没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。 物… )即学即用 〉经典例句 单句语法填空 (2023·新高考I卷)They cancel each other (1)The house comprise two out,resulting in a more accurate estimate bedrooms,a kitchen,and a living room has 它们相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估计。 been sold It is estimated that 25%of all life forms were (2)The committee consists well- wiped out. known mountaineers. 据估计所有物种的四分之一消失不见了。 一句多义 )联想拓展 (3)那个喷泉由三个石砌水池组成。 be estimated to be/have估计 →The fountain three stone It is estimated+hat...据估计… basins.(be comprised) 110 →Three stone basins the完成句子 fountain.(comprise) (3)考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得相当不 →The fountain three stone 错了。 basins.(be composed) →The fountain three stone they've done a good job. basins.consist of) (4)鉴于你要参加中国诗歌朗诵比赛，我想给你 提供一些实际的建议。 ●重点句型 1.Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite I'd like to offer you some practical advice. wealthy,one might think he would have retired 2.Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just to a life of leisure. China,but many other countries that depend 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人 on rice as well,such as India and Vietnam. 们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 袁（隆平）的创新不仅养活了中国，也养活了 许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。 〉句型制析 given that相当于considering(that)考虑到， 》句型剖析 鉴于；既可作连词，也可作介词。 句中包含not just...but..（不仅/不但…而 )经典例句 且…)结构，相当于not only..but（also).. (also可省略)。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing 动词的形式应根据“就近原则”，同最近的主 potential of AI to transform our lives,we all 语在人称和数上保持一致。 need to take action to deal with our AI-powered )》经典例句 future. It will not only/just expand their horizons,but 考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力， (also)enrich their experiences. 我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的 它不仅会拓宽他们的视野，还可以丰富他们的 未来。 经历。 Obviously,given that your background is (2023·浙江1月卷)A machine can now not diverse,you will be an ideal interviewee since only beat you at chess,it can also outperform you can offer some unique wisdom and you in debate. perspectives to us students. 一台机器现在不仅可以在国际象棋上打败你， 显然，鉴于您的背景多样，您将是理想的被 还可以在辩论中胜过你。 采访者，因为您可以为我们学生提供一些独 〉即学即用 特的智慧和观点。 单句语法填空 〉联想拓展 (1)Not only my brother but also I given=considering prep.考虑到；鉴于 be)good at painting.Both of us are good in view of鉴于；考虑到；由于 painters. (2)So,whoever you are,thank you for the random 〉即学即用 act of kindness that not only helped my mother 单句语法填空 out, made her day too. (1) consider)the awful and erratic 句式升级 (不稳定的)weather,the shop owner offered (3)Ocean not only offers us sufficient food,but to provide him with an umbrella. also it maintains the balance of nature. 2 view of practical need of society,there are more and more people us sufficient food,but also it maintains the interested in learning English. balance of nature 随堂达标 I.单词拼写 5.All human languages share some common 1.The first reason to (解决)these characteristics problems is to protect environment 6.Community support of families is characteristic 2.The whole family (增强)his of many societies. confidence and advised him not to lose hope. 7.Every great leader has different characteristics 3.The need to communicate is a key that lead to their success (特征)of human society. (二)熟词生义 4.Hill has (获得)what many of us 1.These changes will help to boost food prices. never have:her childhood dream. 5.Things quickly got very (紧张 2.I yielded to temptation and had a chocolate bar. due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. 3.The writer expanded his short novel into a long 6.I lay there in the bottom of the boat for hours one until weariness finally (克服) 4.The painter's estimate for painting the whole my terror and I fell asleep. house was 1,000 dollars. 7.By this time,the audience had Ⅲ.课文语法填空 (增加)from granny to the whole family,all of 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单 whom gave thunderous applause to the carefully 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 staged shows. Yuan Longping,who 1. (know）as 8.This program is committed to enhancing students' the "father of hybrid rice",considered himself a farmer. understanding of (国内的)and When he was young,2. international affairs. concerned him most was farmers'3. short)of food to eat,so he chose to study 9.They talked together,they spent their (闲暇)time together,and except for school and agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953,he worked as a researcher and devoted himself to work,they were never apart. 4」 (create)a kind of hybrid rice,which 10.The trees on the mountains within my range of could attain a 5. (high)yield.In 1974, (视野)had all been cut down. he succeeded in making it 6. reality. Ⅱ.一词多义/熟词生义 (一)一词多义 Today,60%of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7. _（generate）from yield:A.vt.产生（收益），提供B.vi.屈服，让 his hybrid strains,for which he received numerous 步C.i.放弃，缴出D.i.折断，变形 awards both in China and abroad.But the old 1.He unwillingly yielded to their demands. “farmer'”,caring little8. celebrity or 2.Despite our attempts to break it,the lock would money,was still living a simple life.Despite his not yield. 9 advance)years,he was trying 3.The research yields useful information. 10 fulfill)his dream of ridding the 4.He refused to yield up his gun. world of hunger. characteristic:A.ad.典型的；独特的 夯基提能作业 B.n.品质C.n.特征；特点 请同学们认真完成练案[17]14.to使自己适应于.…适应做…adjustment to II.1.vary from...to...2.be appropriate to 3.interpret..as..4.break down5.相比之下 6.(与…)相比较7.直起来；整理；收拾整齐 8.tend to 9.react to...10.stare at...11.call on 12.换句话说：也就是说 II.1.avoid,miss,delay/put off,advise,finish,practise,enjoy, imagine,can't help,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk, excuse,stand,keep,mind feel like,devote to,be/get used to,object to,set about, insist on,pay attention to,stick to,be busy in),have difficulty/trouble(in),end up 2.(1)记住要去做某事记得做过某事 (2)忘记要去做某事忘记了过去做了某事 (3)后悔做了某事很遗憾地去做某事 (4)不能帮着去做某事禁不住做某事 (5)计划做某事：打算做某事意味着做某事 (6)停止做某事停下来去做某事 IV.1.the way people stand,hold their arms,and move their hands 2.shaking one's head nodding 3.nothing better 4.has his head lowered 5.not everyone 6.While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored,or distracted UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND Section I Listening and Speaking, Reading and Thinking 自主预习 词汇记忆 1.expand 2.crisis 3.estimate 4.overcome 5.attain 6.boost 词汇认知 1.炸弹轰炸：对…投炸弹 2.产量：产出出产（作物）：产生（收益、效益等）屈服：让步 3.城市的：都市的：城镇的 4.想象：视力：视野：影像 5.本国的：国内的：家用的：家庭的 6.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机 7.肥料8.地下通道；地道；隧道 9.味道：特点：特色 10.解决（难题）：应付（局面）：处理 11.闲暇；休闲：空闲 12.名望；名誉；名人；名流 词汇拓展 1.consumer consumption 2.characteristic 3.shorten shortage 4.convincing convinced 5.devoted devotion 6.reality realize 7.nutritional nutritious 8.chemical 词块识记 1.devote...to 2.be comprised of 3.depend on 4.care for 5.dream up6.远非；绝不是 7.在内心深处：本质上：实际上8.实现某人的梦想 课文预读 一、CDAEFB 二、1.B2.A3.D4.C5.B 要点探究 核心词汇 1.(1)to (2)devotion (3)be devoted to it 2.(1)shortage (2)of 3.(1)convincing (2)convinced (3)to accept (4)convinced that he can do it 4.(1)attain our goal (2)attain a balanced development 5.(1)assumed (2)assumed (3)assumption (4)Assuming (5)It is assumed that 6.（1)t.克服(2)t.解决 (3)can we overcome all kinds of difficulties 7.(1)expanding (2)on (3)expansion 8.(1)to be (2)it's estimated that 9.(1)comprising (2)of (3)is comprised of comprise is composed of consists of 重点句型 1.(1)Considering (2)In (3)Given that/Considering (that)they're inexperienced (4)Given that you will take part in the Chinese poetry reciting contest 2.(1)am (2)but (3)Not only does ocean offer 随堂达标 I.1.tackle 2.boosted 3.characteristic 4.attained 5.intense 6.overcame 7.expanded 8.domestic 9.leisure 10.vision Ⅱ.(-)1.B2.D3.A4.C5.C6.A7.B （二)1.使增长2.屈服；让步 3.扩展4.估价 IlI.1.was known 2.what 3.shortage 4.creating 5.higher 6.a 7.generated 8.for 9.advanced 10.to fulfill SectionⅡ Discovering Useful Structures 语法精讲 二、(1)What(2)What(3)What(4)Whoever (5)Whether (6)That (7)How (8)What struck me 五、(1)that(2)that(3)is(4)whether (5)why (6)It is widely known that 语法精练 I.1.what 2.that 3.That 4.Whether 5.whether 6.What 7.that 8.when 9.Why 10.What II.1.What he referred to in his article 2.what we'll do 3.how a person dies what matters much more 4.It remains to be seen whether/if 5.Whichever one of you IlI.1.that 2.What 3.how 4.what 5.whether Section II Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing 自主预习 词汇记忆 1.alternative 2.instance 3.root 4.aspect 词汇认知 1.减轻；缓解2.杀虫剂；除害药物 3.分布广的：普遍的；广泛的 9