考前押题02 阅读理解（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期外研版

考前押题 02 阅读理解 话题1 幽默的力量 话题2 逆境中的坚持与成长（常考点） 话题3 体育拼搏精神（常考点） 话题4 艺术灵感与创新 话题5 生物奥秘的探索与发现（难点） 话题6 生态保护与可持续发展（难点） ① 先读题干和选项，再带着问题回原文定位；重点抓关键词、转折、因果和首尾段。 ② 答案必须以原文为依据，警惕偷换概念、无中生有和过度推断。 ③ 核心：题干定位 → 原文对应 → 排除干扰 → 依据原文作答。 话题1幽默的力量（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·陕西汉中·期中）Albert Einstein owed his brilliant mind to having a child-like sense of humour. Indeed, a number of studies have found a relationship between humour and intelligence. Researchers in Austria recently discovered that funny people, particularly those who enjoy dark humour, have higher IQs than their less funny fellows. They think that it takes both cognitive (认知的) and emotional ability to process and produce humour. In psychology we use the term “positive humour style” to refer to people who use humour to enhance relationships. This type of humour is connected with relationship satisfaction, extroversion (外向性) and high self-respect. Having a humorous way of thinking about life is also a good strategy. It helps people better manage stress and challenges. Not only do funny people make other people laugh, they also laugh more themselves. And laughter leads to brain changes, which may explain the link between humour and intelligence. Neuropsychological studies have found that experiencing positive emotional states, such as joy, fun and happiness, increases the production of dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain. Dopamine not only makes us feel great, but also opens up the learning centres of the brain, which enables more neural (神经) connections. As a result, we become more flexible and creative in our thinking. Evidence suggests that humour actually increases feelings of confidence, competence and status, making funny people very influential. Humour gets people to listen, helps communicate messages and benefits learning. It is a powerful tool that many successful leaders use to enhance group work and organizational culture. Research on the use of humour in education also supports the concept that humour is an effective aid to learning. Several studies have showed that lessons that are delivered with humour are more enjoyable for students, and also bolster students’ understanding and recall of the topic. 1．What do researchers in Austria think it takes to process and produce humour? A．Good memory and rich life experience. B．Cognitive and emotional ability. C．High self-respect and outgoing personality. D．Enough knowledge and social skills. 2．What is the author’s attitude to having a humorous view on life? A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 3．What can be inferred about dopamine? A．It helps improve people’s thinking ability and creativity. B．It helps people be humorous. C．It stops the brain from building neural connections. D．It can’t be produced by brains with diseases. 4．What does the underlined word “bolster” in the last paragraph mean? A．Damage. B．Blame. C．Improve. D．Advertise. Passage 2 （25-26高二下·青海海南·阶段检测）The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy. Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger. Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知的) falling. Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier. 1．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Playing an important role. B．Keeping people in high spirits. C．Quickly influencing other people. D．Preventing illness from spreading. 2．What can laughter increase according to the author? A．Cognitive ability. B．Good relationships. C．A sense of humor. D．Happiness and trust. 3．What does the author think the old should do? A．They should have a good rest. B．They should play like children. C．They should prevent cognitive falling. D．They should take part in physical play. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy C．Have an Active and Happy Life D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax Passage 3 （2026·北京西城·二模）For much of my career, my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face”, which shows the part of me worrying about conference talks or funding. They didn’t see the side of me that loves funny performances. As a woman and mother, I felt I needed to prove my seriousness, fearing others might view me as too busy with my personal life to excel. My serious face worked. I landed a job at a great university and became a professor. But I felt I had to divide myself in two — the serious scientist in public, the funny person in private. However, the first break in my public persona came in 2024, when I participated in a local live storytelling show. I took a risk and described an embarrassing moment from a trip to Thailand. To my surprise, when people laughed, it felt like a hug rather than shame. The experience encouraged me to experiment with being silly at work. So, when Halloween came around, I delivered a lecture dressed in a pink animal costume. I began kicking off lab meetings by asking my graduate students what brings them joy. And I started the monthly get-togethers with colleagues, using odd outfits to set the mood. To my surprise, adding fun and humour into my work life didn’t make me less effective or credible. Students seemed to find me more approachable. Humour also helped me open up with colleagues, which in turn led others to be more honest and truthful with me. But most importantly, humor has made me stronger. Last winter, my funding from the Environmental Protection Agency was suddenly cancelled due to the government’s science cuts. After the shock and immediate sadness wore off, I turned to my playful side, writing several pieces of satire (讽刺) and letting workmates draw my attention away with discussions about a 1990s music video. That’s not to say I was living in denial. I knew I needed to find new ways to pursue my goals in an increasingly complex funding environment. But making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of how much joy I get from my team, whatever the circumstances. Ultimately, I have come to realize that being real at work is not a weakness, but rather a strength. For other scientists, that may mean talking more about hobbies or families. For me, it’s humour. Now, more than ever, it’s time to laugh. 1．The author put on a serious face at first to ________. A．win the respect of her family B．keep her personal life private C．avoid distractions in her research D．appear professional and dedicated 2．How did the author most probably feel after the 2024 show? A．Proud and confident. B．Relieved and lighthearted. C．Surprised and upset. D．Ashamed and embarrassed. 3．How did the author respond to her loss of funding? A．She poured her heart out to her workmates. B．She refused to accept the painful reality. C．She devoted herself to music making. D．She got through it with laughter. 4．What is the take-away message from the story? A．Come out of your shell. B．Please people around you. C．Stay serious to achieve goals. D．Prioritize humour in your life. 话题2 逆境中的坚持与成长（共3篇） Passage 1 A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching (拉伸) their arms, but most of us could hardly focus. As I was burning off last night’s wrong decision — a big meal, I saw a poster about a gym’s 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warm-up. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change. It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions (限制) wouldn’t be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn’t disturb (干扰) my normal routine. Instead, I had to be faced with the tough work of being more creative in my spare time, thus breaking some bad habits. Overcoming weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that “wanting” and “doing” are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that’s hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out. At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of achievement, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn’t. I felt my waist got a little bit smaller and my arms got even stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink. 1．What can be inferred about the author’s previous state before signing up for the challenge? A．He was physically fit but lacked drive. B．He was a regular gym-goer with a strict diet. C．He had an unhealthy lifestyle and needed a change. D．He was an athlete preparing for a major competition. 2．What was the most difficult part of the challenge for the author? A．Overcoming negative thought and self-doubt. B．Physical tiredness from the workouts. C．Refusing the invitation of junk food. D．Making a new workout plan. 3．What does the underlined word “sabotage” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Improve. B．Learn. C．Prevent. D．Support. 4．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Active and casual. B．Adventurous and impatient. C．Inspiring and changeable. D．Determined and strong-willed. Passage 2 By my early 40s, I had attempted all the hobbies meant to make me feel better about entering middle age. I had taken an improv (即兴表演) class, started learning a new language, and given yoga a second chance. Then, at the height of my despair, I decided to sign up for a ballet class. “But you’re not very flexible,” my husband gently reminded me. He wasn’t wrong. Yet I was determined to give it a try. I hadn’t expected any of it to stick. But this time, the exact same things that had made me escape the studio as a 10-year-old now brought me joy. And though I’d thought my classes to be physically demanding, I hadn’t expected that my teacher’s command to “take up more space” would change my way of being in the world. When I sighed over my lack of grace in the seemingly simple act, my teacher reminded me that ballet isn’t about perfection. Rather, it’s about striving for perfection. Slowly, I started becoming more comfortable with the body in the mirror. My posture still needs work, and my jumps are never as high as they feel. But it encourages me that my body isn’t stiff and still functions well. Instead of noticing only the signs of aging, I am now amazed at what my body is capable of. As for the imperfections? They’re part of being alive. Eight years into my ballet classes, I’m what you would call a lifelong advanced beginner. At the age of 50, I am finally a ballerina, though not the kind that anybody would pay to see on stage. I kept on dancing. When I do my daily ballet class, I focus on my breathing and move my body in ways that always challenge me and remind me of everything that is possible. 1．Why did the author finally attend the ballet class? A．To follow the fashion. B．To lift her spirits up. C．To keep a slim figure. D．To seek like-minded friends. 2．What was the author’s dancing experience like? A．Tough but rewarding. B．Challenging and fruitless. C．Demanding but heartwarming. D．Comforting and enjoyable. 3．What encourages the author to persist in dancing according to paragraph 3? A．Her perfect movements. B．The teacher’s strictness. C．The focus on being alive. D．Her still flexible condition. 4．What message does the passage want to express? A．Better late than never. B．Better to strive than to arrive. C．Practice makes perfect. D．Where there’s a will, there’s a way. Passage 3 In the glittering world of Olympic figure skating, where every move is judged under the harshest of lights, failures can be brutally exposed. It was during one such moment that Mario, a once-promising star, stumbled (绊倒) and fell, his dream crashing down with the thud (砰的一声) of the skate blades on the ice. The initial shock was followed by a deep sense of despair. Doubts crept in, whispering that he might never rise again. Each day seemed darker than the last, as Mario struggled to find his footing in a world that suddenly felt so alien and unforgiving of himself. But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. He remembered the countless hours of training, the sacrifices made, and the love for the sport that had burned so brightly before. Slowly, he picked himself up, dusted off the ice shards (碎片) of defeat, and began to skate again. This time, it was different. Each fall became a lesson, each mistake an opportunity for growth. He learned to embrace his failures, using them as stepping stones to greater heights. With renewed determination, Mario pushed himself harder, skating with a newfound grace and power. Finally, the day arrived when our hero stepped onto the Olympic ice once more. This time, there was no fear, only focus. As the music went on and he began his routine, every move flowed with effortless elegance. When the final note rang out, he knew he had done it. This young man had risen from the ashes of failure and embraced success again, stronger and more brilliant than before. As the crowd erupted in applause and the athlete stood center ice, a single tear traced down his cheek. It was a tear of joy, relief, and pride — a testament to the journey he had endured. At that moment, he understood that failure was not the end, but rather a beginning — a chance to rise stronger, wiser, and more determined. And so, Mario smiled, knowing that the road ahead, no matter how bumpy, would be filled with the sweet taste of victory and the knowledge that true success comes from overcoming the toughest challenges. 1．What made Mario so unforgiving toward himself? A．His sudden loss of balance on the ice. B．His struggle to regain control after the fall. C．His skate blades getting caught on the surface. D．His hopelessness and self-doubt after the failure. 2．How did the athlete adjust himself back to the ice stage? A．He encouraged himself to forget the disappointment and move on. B．He transformed himself into a more confident and powerful performer. C．He acknowledged the failures and turned them into motivation for growth. D．He increased the intensity of his training and endured greater physical strain. 3．Which of the following best describes Mario in this passage? A．Sensible and graceful. B．Modest and dedicated. C．Strong-willed and resilient. D．Hardworking and elegant. 4．What can we learn from this story? A．Chances favor the prepared. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．Constant dripping wears away the stone. D．What doesn’t defeat you makes you stronger. 话题3体育拼搏精神（共3篇） Passage 1 （26-27高二上·山东青岛·阶段检测）Chinese volleyball superstar Zhu Ting has inspired a new English word. “Stay awesome and ZHUperb!” wrote a blogger at a US-based volleyball website. The word combines “Zhu” and “superb (卓越的)” to describe the Chinese young player. Zhu’s excellent scoring performances put her among the Top Athletes at home and abroad. Zhu helped create the new golden age of women’s volleyball in China and is considered a national heroine by many in China, with good reason. She helped the national volleyball team win the 2015 FIVB World Cup, the 2015 Asian Women’s Volleyball Championship, and the Rio Olympics. And in 2021, she and taekwondo athlete Zhao Shuai were named as flag bearers for China at the opening ceremony of the Tokyo Olympics. Although she’s a superstar now, it hasn’t been easy for Zhu to get to where she is. Born to a farming family in Henan Province, Zhu earned a chance to attend a local sports school at age 13. She became well-known to the public by helping China’s U20 team win the 2013 FIVB U20 World Championship. Shortly after, Zhu joined the national team and began playing under legendary coach Lang Ping. At first, the 1.98-metre-tall Zhu found it difficult to move quickly and stay balanced. But Lang Ping took advantage of her height and trained her to jump high and smash balls. Her work paid off. Zhu is now an outstanding player. “Hard work and talent are equally important. I’ll move forwards step by step,” she told a newspaper. 1．Why was “ZHUperb” created? A．To create a new game. B．To introduce a volleyball website. C．To describe the volleyball superstar. D．To celebrate Zhu Ting’s success. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．Zhu Ting’s training. B．Zhu Ting’s personal qualities. C．Zhu Ting’s achievements. D．Zhu Ting’s future plan. 3．When did Zhu Ting probably join the national team? A．In 2000. B．In 2013. C．In 2018. D．In 2019. 4．What was the purpose of Lang Ping’s plan for training Zhu Ting? A．To build up Zhu Ting’s confidence. B．To make use of Zhu Ting’s advantages. C．To train Zhu Ting to be the captain of the team. D．To instruct Zhu Ting to move forwards step by step. Passage 2 （26-27高三上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）When Angel Reese first joined the Chicago Sky as the No.7 pick in the WNBA (Women’s National Basketball Association) draft, the transition was far from smooth. The player known in college for her dominant rebounding (篮板球) and competitive spirit faced a steep learning curve against experienced professionals. Questions were raised about whether her game would translate, and her statistics in the early weeks were solid but not impressive, leading some experts to wonder if she was being overshadowed by other rookies (新手). But Reese, with her constant efforts, quickly turned a corner. In a decisive mid-season game against the Connecticut Sun, she recorded an incredible 25 points and 16 rebounds, announcing her arrival as a force. Her impact goes beyond numbers; she has transformed the Sky’s defensive identity and become an emotional leader, “Confronted with pressure from the media in the down time, she brings an energy that’s infectious,” said Head Coach Teresa Weatherspoon. “She’s not just playing her best; she’s motivating everyone around her.” Perhaps Reese’s most significant contribution is happening off the court. Jerseys (运动衫) with her name are flying off shelves, and Sky games, particularly on the road, are drawing new crowds eager to see the “Chi-Town Barbie.” The league’s television ratings and social media engagement see substantial rises during her eye-catching performances. She, along with an exceptional rookie class, is credited with driving a new era of exposure and commercial growth for the WNBA． The narrative has shifted from questioning her fit to forecasting her ceiling. A strong candidate for Rookie of the Year, Reese is no longer just a prospect; she is a cornerstone. Her journey from a screened newcomer to a league ambassador underscores how the right personality and talent, coupled with resilience, can rapidly reshape both a team’s fortunes and the sport’s cultural footprint. 1．How did the public react to Angel Reese initially? A．They didn’t pay enough attention to her role. B．They doubted her ability as a WNBA player. C．They thought she would win awards quickly. D．They were deeply impressed by her skills. 2．What can be inferred about Reese from Teresa’s comment? A．She improves the team’s fame. B．She plays the best on the team. C．She lifts her teammates’ spirits D．She handles media pressure easily. 3．Why was Reese called “Chi-Town Barbie”? A．To promote a commercial brand. B．To increase her media engagement. C．To display her catchy performances. D．To reflect her popularity and identity. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．An introduction to the Chicago Sky. B．The importance of a positive mindset. C．The characteristics of sports culture. D．A player’s journey and her impact. Passage 3 Behind every shining champion lie countless days of silent effort. Wu Yize, a 22-year-old snooker talent from China, finally made history in the 2026 World Snooker (斯诺克) Championship. He defeated Shaun Murphy narrowly with a score of 18:17, becoming the first post-2000s world champion in snooker. This victory also marked China’s second straight world title after Zhao Xintong’s success in 2025. Born in Lanzhou in 2003, Wu showed a gift for snooker at the age of seven. Driven by deep love for the sport, he received professional training at 13. To offer him a better training environment, his father sold the local antique (古董的) store and moved with him to Sheffield, the hometown of snooker. The early days abroad were extremely hard. The father and son lived in a small dark flat with limited money, and they struggled with cultural and language differences. Years of strict training and tough life experiences shaped Wu’s calm personality. On the crowded court in England, Wu once misunderstood the fans’ cheers as boos (嘘声). However, he never lost his temper (脾气) and kept a clear mind throughout the match. His steady playing style earned him the nickname “Priest Wu” among Chinese fans. Apart from the honor, the championship brought him generous prize money and a huge ranking upgrade. His global ranking jumped from tenth to fourth, reaching a new career height. When interviewed, Wu said his parents were his biggest spiritual support. He also expressed his ambition to create a unique era for himself in the snooker field. Such firm determination drives him to keep moving forward. In fact, snooker has gained increasing popularity in China. Since Ding Junhui drew public attention to this sport in 2005, more professional tournaments have been held nationwide. Nowadays, China hosts one-third of global snooker events, witnessing the rapid development of Chinese snooker. 1．What do we know about Wu Yize’s victory in 2026? A．He beat Zhao Xintong in the final match. B．He won the game by a narrow score. C．He got the highest score in a single round. D．He became the youngest snooker champion. 2．Why did Wu’s father move to Sheffield with him? A．To open a new antique store there. B．To experience local foreign culture. C．To escape the difficult life in Lanzhou. D．To create better training conditions for Wu. 3．What can we infer about Wu Yize in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．He received generous prize money. B．He totally gave up his family business for his career. C．He might have felt upset facing foreign audience’s response. D．He has long ranked fourth in the world snooker circle. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．China plays an important role in world snooker nowadays. B．Ding Junhui began to play snooker professionally in 2005. C．All top snooker players in China are influenced by Ding Junhui. D．Chinese snooker events have replaced overseas ones gradually. 话题4艺术灵感与创新（共3篇） Passage 1 Artist Zsudayka Nzinga Terrell clearly remembers the day in high school when the teacher asked her to write about her family history. She saw that it was impossible to answer the questions “Who am I?” and “Where did I come from?” Nzinga Terrell told VOA about her childhood memories.“So the white kids were able to get up and talk about hundreds of years of their background. And there was me and one other black kid in the class who could go back to a plantation in Virginia and that’s it.” She talked about her family’s history. “My people were brought here on the bottom of a ship. And they were sold and they were re-named.My dad’s side of the family took the last name of the job that they had,which is butlers. My mom’s side of the family took the last name of the plantation that owned them.” Today,she and her husband, artist James Terrell, explore that identity in their work. Their new exhibit of paintings is called “Born at the Bottom of the Ship.” The show recently opened at the Center for the Arts in Manassas, Virginia. Over the generations, Africans became African Americans with a new culture, and Nzinga Terrell includes different parts of that story in her art. There are things that look like African cloth and design and things that make you think of American culture and clothing. James Terrell’s style is more abstract. “Mami Wata”, the first painting visitors see in the new exhibit, shows a woman rising from the ocean. Terrell explains the painting.“Mami Wata is a goddess of the sea...There’s no light going through;there’s not a lot of colour being seen, as opposed to the other ones. So, it’s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.” But the artist says he also likes to play with colour.Growing up, Terrell attended a church with coloured glass in many windows. Because of that experience, he learned how light goes through the windows. He makes lines in his painting that look like the lines between pieces of coloured glass in the church windows. Terrell’s works show how he sees himself as an African American. Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works. 1．When young,Nzinga Terrell’s memory of her family dates back to 　　　. A．the time when the slaves were sold and re-named B．the time when she was born at the bottom of a ship C．the time when the black slaves were brought to America D．the time when her family worked on a plantation in Virginia 2．How did Nzinga Terrell’s father get his family name? A．It was named after a plantation. B．It was named after their owner’s name. C．It was named after the job the family did. D．It was named long ago after a place in Africa. 3．What’s the painting “Mami Wata” like? A．It’s typical of native American style. B．It reflects a dark time of the black slaves. C．It’s abstract with rich and bright colours. D．It describes a church James once attended. 4．How do the visitors probably feel seeing Terrell’s works? A．Strange. B．Curious. C．Depressed. D．Moved. Passage 2 （26-27高三上·四川·开学考试）For decades, movie studios have relied on advance screenings to assess how audiences respond to in-development films, with viewer reactions informing edits, re-shoots and even changed endings. Studios typically collect qualitative feedback that always relies on memory after films end — if audiences in the busy streaming age even finish watching. But researchers at the University of Bristol in England now seek to modernize this method with a first-of-its-kind “smart” movie theater that measures viewers’ instantaneous physical reactions with high-tech equipment. Located on the institution’s new campus, the 35-seat Smart Cinema pairs the familiar high-resolution laser (激光) projector and Dolby surround-sound speakers with technologies foreign to most movie houses: heart rate monitors, EEG headsets and high-tech cameras. “With this smart cinema technology and with these methods, you don’t have to take the risk of releasing something and hoping it works. You can actually get real audience insight, moment by moment, into how they’re responding and then make changes before release,” says Iain Gilchrist, the co-author of a study that applied those methods. Researchers showed 40 people ten short TV clips of varying story types while collecting biometric (生物特征) data by monitoring viewers’ pulses (脉搏), brain waves, body heat, skin responses and eye movements. The research team found that viewers’ attention and personal involvement had connections with heart rate matching and consistent eye movement, yet their capacity to follow story plots showed no such link. A short science fiction drama called RENO became the Smart Cinema’s first tested film this week, playing to roughly 200 viewers. Fittingly, the film explores the relationship between humans and artificial intelligence(AI) and was produced on an experimental stage at the university that makes use of virtual reality technology. “As a director, having the opportunity to conduct an audience test of RENO in the Smart Cinema is truly invaluable,” says Rob Hifle, the film’s director. “It’s not just about refining the film; it’s also about connecting with viewers, understanding their reactions. This experience will undoubtedly shape the final cut in ways I can’t yet imagine.” 1．What is the weakness of traditional movie audience feedback methods? A．They depend on later comments. B．They lead to unfinished movies. C．They record film viewers’ habits. D．They update methods frequently. 2．What was one finding about audiences the researchers got? A．Their biometric data were the same. B．Their focus was affected by film types. C．Their emotions matched eye movement shifts. D．Their story understanding relied on heart beats. 3．Why does the author mention RENO? A．To make an advertisement. B．To introduce a practice. C．To present an argument. D．To analyze a phenomenon. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Change of Theaters B．Filmgoers’ Vital Roles C．A New Type of Cinema D．Features of Modern Films Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河南驻马店·阶段检测）There are numerous art forms in the world, each with its unique charm. Painting allows artists to express their vision on a flat surface. Whether it’s the vivid oil paintings with their rich colors and thick textures, or the delicate watercolor paintings that seem to hold a dreamy quality, every stroke tells a story. Sculpture, on the other hand, gives life to materials like stone, metal, or wood. The great stone sculptures from ancient times stand as a testament to human creativity, with their figures carved with precision and grace. Music is another powerful art form that can stir our emotions. Classical music with its complex compositions and symphonic arrangements can transport us to another world. Pop music, with its catchy melodies and relatable lyrics, is loved by the masses. Dance is the art of movement. Ballet dancers move with such elegance and poise that they seem to defy gravity. And modern dance allows for more freedom of expression, with dancers using their bodies to convey deep emotions. Literature has the power to create entire universes within the pages of a book. Novels can take us on epic adventures, while poetry captures the essence of a moment in the most beautiful and concise way. Theatre combines acting, dialogue, and sometimes music and dance to present stories in a live setting. From the tragic dramas of Shakespeare to the colorful musicals of Broadway, theatre offers a diverse range of experiences. 1．What are the two types of paintings mentioned in the passage? A．Oil paintings and Chinese paintings B．Oil paintings and watercolor paintings C．Watercolor paintings and ink paintings D．Chinese paintings and ink paintings 2．Which of the following is NOT true about music according to the passage? A．Classical music has complex compositions. B．Pop music has catchy melodies. C．Only classical music can stir emotions. D．Different types of music have different features. 3．In what way is modern dance different from ballet according to the passage? A．Modern dance has more rules. B．Ballet dancers are more emotional. C．Modern dance allows for more freedom of expression. D．Ballet is more popular than modern dance. 4．What can literature do according to the passage? A．Only tell short stories. B．Create worlds within books. C．Only write about real - life events. D．It has no power at all. 话题5生物奥秘的探索与发现（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·四川绵阳·期中）When acoustic (声音的) ecologist Marcus Maeder first placed a listening device in the soil, he was unprepared for what he heard. All sorts of strange sounds flooded his headphones, revealing a dynamic world hidden beneath the seemingly quiet ground. Ecologists have long known that soil is home to vast biodiversity. In just a single cup of dirt, researchers have counted up to 100 million life forms, ranging from tiny bacteria to larger insects and earthworms. These underground creatures play a vital role in cycling nutrients and supporting life on Earth. Now, in a relatively new scientific field, known as soil bioacoustics, a growing number of biologists are collecting underground noises to open a window into this complex and mysterious world. They’ve found that something as simple as a metal nail pushed into the dirt can become a sort of listening post if equipped with the right sensors. The acoustic data helps scientists answer fundamental questions, like how creatures communicate or when plants grow their roots. Beyond basic research, underground acoustics could also help us take better care of the environment and detect pests (害虫) like root-feeding insects, which cause billions of dollars in damage annually. By identifying the distinctive sounds of these pests, scientists hope to develop more eco-friendly strategies that reduce the need for widespread chemical use. However, scientists are also recording less welcome sounds: human-made noises, such as construction or traffic, are detectable underground. More concerning is the finding that in intensively farmed areas, the natural sounds of soil life are fading, indicating a worrying decline in biodiversity. To help more people realize what we’re in danger of losing, Maeder has started a citizen science project that lends people in Switzerland acoustic sensors to listen for underground activities themselves. The recordings are being gathered into a national library of soil sounds with the hope of raising awareness. Demand so far is high, Maeder says. “The sensors are always booked.” 1．What is the main focus of soil bioacoustics? A．Studying underground life. B．Tracking plant growth. C．Monitoring noise pollution. D．Capturing natural sounds. 2．What is a practical application of soil bioacoustics according to the text? A．Boosting farm output. B．Enabling targeted pest control. C．Improving traditional farming. D．Eliminating the need for chemical use. 3．What does the high demand for sensors in Maeder’s project suggest? A．Public interest in soil ecology. B．Severe decline in soil health. C．Easy access to monitoring tools. D．Need to increase project funding. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why Soil Is No Longer Silent? B．Uncovering an Underground World C．How Human Noise Affects Biodiversity? D．Listening to the Hidden Sounds of Soil Passage 2 （2026·河南周口·三模）While lightning is a fascinating phenomenon, it’s also infamous for its capacity for destruction and the danger it poses to life. Each year, lightning claims hundreds of millions of trees worldwide, leaving behind burnt trunks and broken branches. Yet, in an interesting twist of nature, some tropical trees have turned this destructive force of nature to their advantage. A recent study reports that the tropical almond tree (热带杏仁树)not only survives direct lightning strikes but thrives because of them. Researchers discovered that a lightning strike damages the surrounding trees that directly compete for resources and also destroys lianas (藤本植物), those woody parasitic vines (寄生藤) known to strangle and reduce the growth of many rainforest trees. Researchers long suspected some tree species had tolerance towards lightning, but no evidence existed to back up this assumption. The team of researchers, led by Evan Gora, placed a lightning location system across Barro Colorado Nature Monument in central Panama to track the after-effects on 93 trees struck by lightning. Over six years, scientists paid special attention to nine almond trees that were struck. Remarkably, every single tree survived with only minor damage. In contrast, all other trees subjected to a direct hit were severely damaged, and nearly two-thirds died within two years of the strike. On average, a single lightning strike cleared out 9.2 neighboring trees as the current passed along via vines and neighboring branches. Additionally, the liana infestation on almond trees decreased by 78%. With less competition for sunlight, space, and nutrients, these trees increased their reproductive capacity by 14 times. Since almond trees can live for hundreds of years, they are expected to withstand multiple strikes throughout their lives. “Seeing that there are trees that get struck by lightning and they’re fine was just mind-blowing,” says Gora. “It’s better off for an almond tree to be struck than not.” 1．What does the underlined word “strangle” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Surround. B．Assist. C．Prevent. D．Drown. 2．What was the lightning location system used to do? A．Predict future lightning strikes. B．Record lightning’s direct impacts. C．Reduce lightning damage to trees. D．Observe long-term ecological changes. 3．What happened to almond trees after surviving lightning strikes? A．They got special ability to grow. B．They gained a competitive advantage. C．They attracted more lianas than before. D．They needed more sunlight to survive. 4．Which best describes Gora’s feeling about almond trees’ surviving lightning? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Curious. D．Astonished. Passage 3 （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）In general, the riches of the natural world aren’t spread evenly across the globe. Places like the tropical (热带的) Andes in South America are simply packed with unique species, many of which can’t be found in any other places. Until recently, the main explanation for the biological riches concentrated in places like the Amazon Basin was that such places must be engines of biodiversity (生物多样性), with new species evolving at a faster rate than other parts of the world. But now, new research on bird evolution may turn that assumption on its head, instead supporting the idea that areas with fewer species actually tend to produce new species faster. The researchers say these biodiversity “coldspots” are generally found in environments featuring freezing, dry and unstable conditions. Though the researchers found these locations with few bird species tend to produce new ones at high rates, they fail to accumulate many species because the unstable conditions frequently make the new life forms die out. The more well­known “hotspots”, by contrast, have accumulated their large numbers of species by being warm, hospitable and relatively stable. Indeed, the researchers found that the countless bird species that call the Amazon home tend to be older in evolutionary terms. “New species do form in places like the Amazon, just not as frequently as in the dry grasslands in the Andes,” says Elizabeth, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Tennessee. The researchers managed to collect 1,940 samples representing 1,287 of the 1,306 bird species from South America. Their analysis showed that the best predictor of whether an area would produce new species at a high rate was how many species lived there, rather than climate or geographic features like mountains. Species­rich areas tended to produce new species more slowly. “Maybe bad environments generate new species more frequently because there’s less competition and more available opportunities for new species,” says Gustavo Bravo, a lead researcher. The study’s findings add new urgency to protect ecosystems that may look barren, but may actually be nature’s hothouses for the evolution of new species. 1．Why is South America mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To make comparison. B．To introduce the topic. C．To make a prediction. D．To draw a conclusion. 2．What determines the rising rate of new species in a place? A．The number of its species there. B．The environment there. C．The survival skills of species. D．The different biological factors. 3．Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “barren” in the last paragraph? A．Dry and bare. B．Lively and active. C．Nice and green. D．Complex and unpredictable. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Tropical areas are home to large numbers of species. B．New species prefer to live in the extreme climate. C．Harsh environments pose a greater threat to species. D．The worst ecosystem may give birth to new species fastest. 话题6生态保护与可持续发展（共3篇） Passage 1 （26-27高三上·浙江杭州·阶段检测）For decades, marine researchers have faced major obstacles in ocean conservation. Remote, dark coastal waters shelter rare marine species, largely inaccessible to human divers. Traditional cameras perform poorly in dim conditions, and costly human surveys cover less than 3 percent of global shallow marine areas yearly. To solve these problems, a modern AI bioacoustics (生物声学的) monitoring system has been developed to boost conservation efficiency. Jointly created by environmental tech teams and marine reserves, this innovative system adopts low-cost underwater microphones to record complex ocean soundscapes. Equipped with advanced machine learning technology, it is able to identify various marine species according to their unique acoustic (声音的) features automatically. Compared with traditional approaches, it reduces survey costs by 62 percent and expands detectable sea areas by over 18 times. Inspired by dolphins’ echolocation, its bionic algorithm (算法) can block interference from waves and ship engines, accurately recognizing faint and mixed underwater sounds. In a 12-month field study off Ghana’s western coast, Dr. Lena Marquez’s team placed 46 solar-powered hydrophones (水听器). The AI uncovered three locally extinct fish species, missed by human divers’ annual searches for five years. It also locates hidden seagrass and coral habitats overlooked by humans. Guided by its data, local fishermen adopted seasonal fishing bans, raising young fish populations by 41 percent in eight months. Nevertheless, the system has two noticeable limitations. It fails to identify silent marine creatures such as shellfish with no acoustic signals. Additionally, its high-precision analysis demands steady internet access and basic digital training, which many remote island regions lack. To overcome these obstacles, researchers are optimizing offline data processing systems and offering free professional training for coastal residents in relevant regions. This bionic AI technology marks a significant breakthrough in marine ecological protection. Rather than isolating technology from natural ecosystems, it learns and follows natural biological rules to repair damaged ocean habitats. As affordable hydrophones and open-source AI programs gain global popularity, local coastal communities are empowered to guard marine resources effectively, turning abstract ocean protection theories into practical daily action. 1．What is a key advantage of the new AI system? A．It functions well in dark environment. B．It can operate without any workers on site. C．It makes marine surveys much more efficient. D．It’s able to cover less than half sea area worldwide. 2．What can we learn about the field study in Ghana? A．It improved adult fish population quickly. B．It was influenced by local fishing activities. C．It relied on human divers’ repeated searches. D．It found some previously unseen local fish species. 3．What is one shortcoming of the bioacoustic system? A．It cannot work in bright seawater. B．It is unable to detect soundless sea life. C．It ignores human fishing activities. D．It needs no digital training for users. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．AI Technology Empowers Ocean Conservation B．New Rules for Global Ocean Fishing C．Hidden Marine Habitats Discovered by Divers D．Advanced Ways to Improve Internet Service Passage 2 （26-27高三上·广西柳州·阶段检测）The Turquoise Coast is one of Turkey’s natural wonders. But in recent years, the area has become severely damaged due to overfishing. An effort to restore the area is in progress, thanks to Zafer Kizilkaya, president and founder of the Mediterranean Conservation Society. He successfully persuaded the Turkish government to build a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) covering more than 300 miles along the Mediterranean coast. Kizilkaya’s mission began in 2007, following a diving adventure in Gōkova Bay, a 62-mile-long gulf in the center of the Turquoise Coast. He had returned to his native Turkey after several years working as a researcher and underwater photographer in Indonesia and was shocked by the marine degradation. According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization, the Mediterranean is the world’s most overfished sea. Realizing the seriousness of the problem, he decided to take action at once and try to persuade local fishers. Getting the support of fishers was the biggest challenge, but because of the dire situation, some started to listen. In 2012, Kizilkaya established Turkey’s first community-managed MPA in Gōkova Bay. He trained local fishers as marine rangers who could monitor the waters for illegal fishing and send alerts to the Turkish Coast Guard. Thanks to his work, Gōkova Bay’s marine ecosystem has made a great comeback. According to the ocean protection charity Blue Marine Foundation, the number of fish per square meter has increased ten times since 2012 and incomes for local fishers have increased 400%. “Gōkova Bay became a great example for protecting the ocean,” says Kizilkaya. His success helped him persuade the Turkish government to spread the MPA network southeastward along 310 miles of Turkish coastline. “I’d like to see MPAs established across Turkey and the entire Mediterranean, and I hope my work has opened people’s eyes to the crisis underwater and what we can do to solve it,” Kizilkaya adds. 1．What can we know about the Turquoise Coast? A．Its ecosystem has been damaged. B．The coast is too large to be protected. C．The water in that area is seriously polluted. D．It is the most famous tourist attraction in Turkey. 2．What does the underlined word “dire” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Controllable. B．Impressive. C．Terrible. D．Influential. 3．How did Kizilkaya protect the Gōkova Bay? A．Working with the local fishers. B．Helping the coast guard catch bad people. C．Monitoring the illegal fishing in person. D．Increasing the incomes of local fishers. 4．Which of the following best describes Kizilkaya? A．Humorous and warm-hearted. B．Determined and eco-conscious. C．Independent and long-sighted. D．Persevering and open-minded. Passage 3 （26-27高三上·湖北十堰·阶段检测）Bees are tiny but powerful heroes of our natural world. They pollinate (授粉) flowers, fruit trees and farm crops. Without bees, many plants could not produce fruits and seeds. Yet city development, pesticide use and limited green space have caused sharp drops in bee populations across many regions. More wild bee species are struggling. As cities spread, wild meadows are cleared to make room for roads and apartment blocks. Homeowners often clear away native wild flowers, favouring neatly cut lawns instead. Chemical pesticides used in parks and private gardens further poison these hard-working insects. For years, few city planners gave a thought to bee survival. In recent years, however, more city-residents have started to take action to help bees. Some citizens plant bee-friendly flowers on balconies and rooftops. Local parks are replacing decorative grass with native wild plants. Some communities even set up small beehives in public gardens, under the guidance of experienced beekeepers. Urban bee projects have brought wonderful results. They help local plants grow better and improve city biodiversity. Many local children get a chance to watch bees closely and learn about plant-insect relationships. These projects also raise public awareness of wildlife protection. Experts remind us that city bee projects need careful planning. Poisonous chemical pesticides must be avoided completely. People should pick local plant species, not foreign ones. We do not need large wild areas. Even small pieces of green space can offer safe homes for bees. Small efforts in cities can support bee recovery. When ordinary people join together, they can make urban spaces friendlier not only for bees, but for all sorts of wildlife. 1．What is one of the causes of the sharp decline in bee populations? A．Fewer beekeepers. B．Urban development. C．Too many native flowers. D．Recovery of urban wildlife. 2．How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By listing results. B．By making comparisons. C．By giving examples. D．By quoting sayings. 3．What does the author imply about small green spaces in cities? A．They can effectively help bee survival. B．They are ineffective for wildlife protection. C．They should be turned into farmland. D．They cannot replace wild meadows. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Disappearance of Wild Insects B．Introducing Bees to Improve Biodiversity C．Bringing Bees Back to Our City D．The Importance of Pesticide Ban 本题以深海“暗氧”的前沿科学探索为背景，融合英语、化学、生物学和海洋科学知识。引导学生了解科学家从意外发现、提出疑问到开展实验验证的探究过程，认识科学研究中实证精神与质疑精神的重要性，并辩证思考深海资源开发与生态环境保护之间的关系，培养科学思维、批判性思维及可持续发展意识。 （25-26高二下·陕西咸阳·期末）For centuries, it was believed that the production of oxygen relied on photosynthesis (光合作用). Plants use sunlight to turn CO2 into oxygen, as we all know. However, the discovery of dark oxygen produced in environments with little or no sunlight challenges this long-held assumption. In 2013, Scottish scientist Andrew made this discovery by accident while conducting deep-sea mining research. He measured rising levels of oxygen as he went deeper. He could not help thinking his measuring devices were incorrect and dismissed the reading entirely, as he assumed the only way to produce oxygen was through photosynthesis. With no light source, it seemed impossible that oxygen could exist on the deep seabed, one of the coldest and darkest places on the Earth. However, over the last 10 years, Andrew’s team have been conducting more marine experiments. They enclosed a section of the seabed within a space and measured the oxygen levels over time. They also expected a reduction in the levels of oxygen due to consumption by organisms (生物、有机体). However, oxygen levels consistently increased, proving that oxygen was being produced in the dark depths of the ocean. In fact, in some experiments, oxygen levels rose to more than three times the background concentration. One potential explanation for the increased oxygen levels is the existence of polymetallic nodules (多金属结核), which use an electric charge to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. This could revolutionize deep-sea mining primarily because these polymetallic nodules contain metals which are essential for everyday life, especially for batteries. Mining companies view the metals as a new, highly sought-after resource. However, the production of this dark oxygen may be vital for deep-sea ecosystems, yet disturbing this process could be harmful to species relying on it. Hence, it is wise to take caution and properly weigh the costs and benefits of deep-sea mining. “This discovery tells us that nature still has countless secrets to explore,” said Andrew. 1．Why did Andrew first dismiss his discovery in 2013? A．His team lacked enough funding. B．His equipment stopped working. C．It went against accepted science. D．It was made in a wrong season. 2．How did Andrew’s team prove oxygen production in the deep sea? A．By using a new larger research ship. B．By adding more CO2 to the water samples. C．By removing part of the sea creatures. D．By tracking oxygen shifts in an enclosed area. 3．What does the underlined word “sought-after” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Completely useless. B．Environmentally friendly. C．Easily produced. D．Widely popular. 4．What is Andrew’s attitude towards the discovery of dark oxygen? A．He finds it a proof of nature’s mysteries. B．He considers it a danger to sea species. C．He doubts its value for further research. D．He thinks it a reminder to limit mining. 本题以社交媒体时代的科学传播研究为背景，将英语阅读与心理学、传播学及人工智能知识有机融合。引导学生理解不同幽默表达方式对科学传播效果的影响，并通过分析实验设计、研究结果及作者观点，发展逻辑推理能力、批判性思维和科学探究意识，提升数字时代的信息辨析能力。 （26-27高二上·辽宁营口·开学考试）Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a light-hearted tone might reduce their authority (权威) and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy. Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional (虚构的) scientist, Dr Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison. Over 2,200 participants viewed these posts in an online experiment. They rated how funny the content was, how much they liked the scientist, and how credible the information seemed. Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist. “Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures. The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science. In today’s fast-paced digital world, humor could help scientists stand out on social media. Funny posts may attract more viewers, make tough topics easier to understand, and build public trust. The key is balancing fun with facts: Light-hearted jokes don’t weaken authority but create friendly, memorable connections. Frank’s team hopes their findings encourage scientists to experiment with humor. As one participant noted, “A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.” 1．What aspect of the research does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Its design. B．Its purpose. C．Its value. D．Its background. 2．What does the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Be natural. B．Be effective. C．Make people laugh. D．Have the opposite result. 3．According to the study, what kind of humor is recommended for scientists? A．Jokes that target individuals. B．Playful comparisons and gentle jokes. C．Making fun of technology failures. D．Using complex ideas to create humor. 4．What is the author’s main purpose of writing the text? A．To present a study on scientific humor. B．To classify different styles of humor. C．To suggest ways to attract online readers. D．To warn against inappropriate humor. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题 02 阅读理解 话题1 幽默的力量 话题2 逆境中的坚持与成长（常考点） 话题3 体育拼搏精神（常考点） 话题4 艺术灵感与创新 话题5 生物奥秘的探索与发现（难点） 话题6 生态保护与可持续发展（难点） ① 先读题干和选项，再带着问题回原文定位；重点抓关键词、转折、因果和首尾段。 ② 答案必须以原文为依据，警惕偷换概念、无中生有和过度推断。 ③ 核心：题干定位 → 原文对应 → 排除干扰 → 依据原文作答。 话题1幽默的力量（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·陕西汉中·期中）Albert Einstein owed his brilliant mind to having a child-like sense of humour. Indeed, a number of studies have found a relationship between humour and intelligence. Researchers in Austria recently discovered that funny people, particularly those who enjoy dark humour, have higher IQs than their less funny fellows. They think that it takes both cognitive (认知的) and emotional ability to process and produce humour. In psychology we use the term “positive humour style” to refer to people who use humour to enhance relationships. This type of humour is connected with relationship satisfaction, extroversion (外向性) and high self-respect. Having a humorous way of thinking about life is also a good strategy. It helps people better manage stress and challenges. Not only do funny people make other people laugh, they also laugh more themselves. And laughter leads to brain changes, which may explain the link between humour and intelligence. Neuropsychological studies have found that experiencing positive emotional states, such as joy, fun and happiness, increases the production of dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain. Dopamine not only makes us feel great, but also opens up the learning centres of the brain, which enables more neural (神经) connections. As a result, we become more flexible and creative in our thinking. Evidence suggests that humour actually increases feelings of confidence, competence and status, making funny people very influential. Humour gets people to listen, helps communicate messages and benefits learning. It is a powerful tool that many successful leaders use to enhance group work and organizational culture. Research on the use of humour in education also supports the concept that humour is an effective aid to learning. Several studies have showed that lessons that are delivered with humour are more enjoyable for students, and also bolster students’ understanding and recall of the topic. 1．What do researchers in Austria think it takes to process and produce humour? A．Good memory and rich life experience. B．Cognitive and emotional ability. C．High self-respect and outgoing personality. D．Enough knowledge and social skills. 2．What is the author’s attitude to having a humorous view on life? A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Worried. 3．What can be inferred about dopamine? A．It helps improve people’s thinking ability and creativity. B．It helps people be humorous. C．It stops the brain from building neural connections. D．It can’t be produced by brains with diseases. 4．What does the underlined word “bolster” in the last paragraph mean? A．Damage. B．Blame. C．Improve. D．Advertise. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍幽默与智力之间的关联，说明幽默依赖认知与情感能力，能提升思维创造力、社交影响力及学习效果，是兼具心理与实用价值的重要特质。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“They think that it takes both cognitive (认知的) and emotional ability to process and produce humour.(他们认为，加工和产生幽默需要认知能力和情感能力兼具)”可知，奥地利的研究人员认为处理和产生幽默需要认知和情感能力。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Having a humorous way of thinking about life is also a good strategy. It helps people better manage stress and challenges.(用幽默的方式看待生活也是一个好策略。它能帮助人们更好地应对压力和挑战)”以及后文对幽默诸多益处的阐述可知，作者认为拥有幽默的人生观是有益的，对其持支持态度。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Dopamine not only makes us feel great, but also opens up the learning centres of the brain, which enables more neural (神经) connections. As a result, we become more flexible and creative in our thinking.(多巴胺不仅让我们感觉良好，还能打开大脑的学习中枢，从而产生更多的神经连接。结果，我们的思维会变得更加灵活、更有创造力)”可知，多巴胺有助于提高人们的思维能力和创造力。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Several studies have showed that lessons that are delivered with humour are more enjoyable for students, and also bolster students’ understanding and recall of the topic.(几项研究表明，带有幽默感的课程对学生来说更愉快，也能bolster学生对主题的理解和记忆)”可知，幽默的课程既有趣，又对学生理解和记忆有积极作用，故bolster意为“巩固，增强，提高”，与Improve意思最相近。 Passage 2 （25-26高二下·青海海南·阶段检测）The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy. Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger. Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知的) falling. Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier. 1．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Playing an important role. B．Keeping people in high spirits. C．Quickly influencing other people. D．Preventing illness from spreading. 2．What can laughter increase according to the author? A．Cognitive ability. B．Good relationships. C．A sense of humor. D．Happiness and trust. 3．What does the author think the old should do? A．They should have a good rest. B．They should play like children. C．They should prevent cognitive falling. D．They should take part in physical play. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy C．Have an Active and Happy Life D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】文章主要论述了笑给人带来的好处和积极作用。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.(你有没有听过一个小孩的大笑，并且能让自己不笑？当人们之间分享笑声时，它使他们彼此更加亲密，并增加他们的幸福感。)”可知，别人大笑，你也会忍不住笑，人们之间分享笑声，这说明笑具有感染力，故画线词意为“迅速影响他人的”。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.(当人与人之间共享笑声时，会使他们彼此更亲近，增加他们的幸福感)”可知，根据作者的说法，笑能使人们彼此更亲近，即能增进人际关系。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.(然而，我们经常忘记的是，对于老人来说，让游戏成为他们生活的一部分就像对孩子一样重要。体育运动对老年人来说很重要，它当然有助于预防疾病)”可知，作者认为老年人应该参加体育活动。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.(你可以用幽默、笑声和玩耍来让你更健康，这个想法似乎太过简单，不真实。然而，这是真实和简单的。幽默感、笑声和玩乐在保持你的健康中起着重要的作用)”结合文章主要论述了笑给人带来的好处和积极作用。故A选项“幽默、欢笑和玩耍有益于健康”最符合文章标题。 Passage 3 （2026·北京西城·二模）For much of my career, my fellow scientists only saw my “resting science face”, which shows the part of me worrying about conference talks or funding. They didn’t see the side of me that loves funny performances. As a woman and mother, I felt I needed to prove my seriousness, fearing others might view me as too busy with my personal life to excel. My serious face worked. I landed a job at a great university and became a professor. But I felt I had to divide myself in two — the serious scientist in public, the funny person in private. However, the first break in my public persona came in 2024, when I participated in a local live storytelling show. I took a risk and described an embarrassing moment from a trip to Thailand. To my surprise, when people laughed, it felt like a hug rather than shame. The experience encouraged me to experiment with being silly at work. So, when Halloween came around, I delivered a lecture dressed in a pink animal costume. I began kicking off lab meetings by asking my graduate students what brings them joy. And I started the monthly get-togethers with colleagues, using odd outfits to set the mood. To my surprise, adding fun and humour into my work life didn’t make me less effective or credible. Students seemed to find me more approachable. Humour also helped me open up with colleagues, which in turn led others to be more honest and truthful with me. But most importantly, humor has made me stronger. Last winter, my funding from the Environmental Protection Agency was suddenly cancelled due to the government’s science cuts. After the shock and immediate sadness wore off, I turned to my playful side, writing several pieces of satire (讽刺) and letting workmates draw my attention away with discussions about a 1990s music video. That’s not to say I was living in denial. I knew I needed to find new ways to pursue my goals in an increasingly complex funding environment. But making jokes and sharing laughter helped me stay present and reminded me of how much joy I get from my team, whatever the circumstances. Ultimately, I have come to realize that being real at work is not a weakness, but rather a strength. For other scientists, that may mean talking more about hobbies or families. For me, it’s humour. Now, more than ever, it’s time to laugh. 1．The author put on a serious face at first to ________. A．win the respect of her family B．keep her personal life private C．avoid distractions in her research D．appear professional and dedicated 2．How did the author most probably feel after the 2024 show? A．Proud and confident. B．Relieved and lighthearted. C．Surprised and upset. D．Ashamed and embarrassed. 3．How did the author respond to her loss of funding? A．She poured her heart out to her workmates. B．She refused to accept the painful reality. C．She devoted herself to music making. D．She got through it with laughter. 4．What is the take-away message from the story? A．Come out of your shell. B．Please people around you. C．Stay serious to achieve goals. D．Prioritize humour in your life. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】文章讲述了作者起初在职场刻意严肃伪装自己，一场现场故事秀让她放下束缚，在工作中展露幽默，既拉近人际关系，也帮自己直面挫折，领悟应勇敢做真实的自己。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a woman and mother, I felt I needed to prove my seriousness, fearing others might view me as too busy with my personal life to excel. My serious face worked. I landed a job at a great university and became a professor.(作为一名女性和母亲，我觉得自己需要证明自己的认真态度，因为担心别人会认为我过于忙于个人生活而无法取得卓越成就。我那严肃的表情起了作用。我最终在一所优秀的大学找到了工作，并成为了教授)”可知，作者起初面带严肃的表情，以显得专业且尽职尽责。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“To my surprise, when people laughed, it felt like a hug rather than shame.(令我惊讶的是，当人们大笑时，那种感觉更像是一个拥抱，而非羞愧)”可知，在2024年的那次演出结束后，作者舒畅且心情愉悦。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“After the shock and immediate sadness wore off, I turned to my playful side, writing several pieces of satire (讽刺) and letting workmates draw my attention away with discussions about a 1990s music video.(在最初的震惊和悲伤情绪消退之后，我又恢复了往日的活泼本性，创作了几篇讽刺文章，并让同事们通过讨论一部20世纪90年代的音乐视频来转移我的注意力)”可知，作者以幽默的态度克服了资金损失这一困难。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, I have come to realize that being real at work is not a weakness, but rather a strength.(最终，我逐渐明白，在工作中保持真实并非是一种弱点，而恰恰是一种优势)”可知，故事告诉我们要勇于展现自我。 话题2 逆境中的坚持与成长（共3篇） Passage 1 A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching (拉伸) their arms, but most of us could hardly focus. As I was burning off last night’s wrong decision — a big meal, I saw a poster about a gym’s 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warm-up. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change. It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions (限制) wouldn’t be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn’t disturb (干扰) my normal routine. Instead, I had to be faced with the tough work of being more creative in my spare time, thus breaking some bad habits. Overcoming weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that “wanting” and “doing” are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that’s hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out. At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of achievement, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn’t. I felt my waist got a little bit smaller and my arms got even stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink. 1．What can be inferred about the author’s previous state before signing up for the challenge? A．He was physically fit but lacked drive. B．He was a regular gym-goer with a strict diet. C．He had an unhealthy lifestyle and needed a change. D．He was an athlete preparing for a major competition. 2．What was the most difficult part of the challenge for the author? A．Overcoming negative thought and self-doubt. B．Physical tiredness from the workouts. C．Refusing the invitation of junk food. D．Making a new workout plan. 3．What does the underlined word “sabotage” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Improve. B．Learn. C．Prevent. D．Support. 4．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Active and casual. B．Adventurous and impatient. C．Inspiring and changeable. D．Determined and strong-willed. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者报名参加健身房21天健身挑战的经历，克服过程中的消极想法，最终收获身心改变与成就感的故事。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As I was burning off last night’s wrong decision — a big meal, I saw a poster about a gym’s 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up.(当我还在为昨晚的错误决定——一顿大餐而消耗热量时，我看到了一张健身房21天健身挑战的海报，便立刻报了名。)”以及“Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change.(此外，我必须改掉懒惰的毛病，这是我做出改变的机会。)”可知，作者此前有着不健康的生活方式，并且需要做出改变。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out.(在这21天里，我经常告诉自己这个挑战毫无意义，并试图阻止自己去锻炼。但最终我克服了这种消极想法，坚持了下来。)”可知，这次挑战中作者最难的部分是克服消极的想法和自我怀疑。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out.(在这21天里，我经常告诉自己这个挑战毫无意义，并试图sabotage自己去锻炼。但最终我克服了这种消极想法，坚持了下来。)”可知，作者产生了消极想法，想要放弃锻炼，因此此处是试图阻止自己进行锻炼，sabotage意为“阻止、妨碍”，与prevent的意义相近。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out.(在这21天里，我经常告诉自己这个挑战毫无意义，并试图阻止自己去锻炼。但最终我克服了这种消极想法，坚持了下来。)”以及第四段中的“I felt a sense of achievement, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn’t.(我也有一种成就感，因为尽管我无数次想要放弃，却还是坚持了下来。)”可知，作者尽管多次产生放弃的想法，但始终坚持完成挑战，是一个坚定且意志力强的人。故选D项。 Passage 2 By my early 40s, I had attempted all the hobbies meant to make me feel better about entering middle age. I had taken an improv (即兴表演) class, started learning a new language, and given yoga a second chance. Then, at the height of my despair, I decided to sign up for a ballet class. “But you’re not very flexible,” my husband gently reminded me. He wasn’t wrong. Yet I was determined to give it a try. I hadn’t expected any of it to stick. But this time, the exact same things that had made me escape the studio as a 10-year-old now brought me joy. And though I’d thought my classes to be physically demanding, I hadn’t expected that my teacher’s command to “take up more space” would change my way of being in the world. When I sighed over my lack of grace in the seemingly simple act, my teacher reminded me that ballet isn’t about perfection. Rather, it’s about striving for perfection. Slowly, I started becoming more comfortable with the body in the mirror. My posture still needs work, and my jumps are never as high as they feel. But it encourages me that my body isn’t stiff and still functions well. Instead of noticing only the signs of aging, I am now amazed at what my body is capable of. As for the imperfections? They’re part of being alive. Eight years into my ballet classes, I’m what you would call a lifelong advanced beginner. At the age of 50, I am finally a ballerina, though not the kind that anybody would pay to see on stage. I kept on dancing. When I do my daily ballet class, I focus on my breathing and move my body in ways that always challenge me and remind me of everything that is possible. 1．Why did the author finally attend the ballet class? A．To follow the fashion. B．To lift her spirits up. C．To keep a slim figure. D．To seek like-minded friends. 2．What was the author’s dancing experience like? A．Tough but rewarding. B．Challenging and fruitless. C．Demanding but heartwarming. D．Comforting and enjoyable. 3．What encourages the author to persist in dancing according to paragraph 3? A．Her perfect movements. B．The teacher’s strictness. C．The focus on being alive. D．Her still flexible condition. 4．What message does the passage want to express? A．Better late than never. B．Better to strive than to arrive. C．Practice makes perfect. D．Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者人到中年陷入低落，尝试多种爱好无果后学习芭蕾，在练习中接纳自身不完美，领悟芭蕾重在追逐完美而非达成完美的人生感悟。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, at the height of my despair, I decided to sign up for a ballet class.(就在我陷入极度低落时，我决定报名芭蕾课。)”可知，作者报名芭蕾课是为了提振低落的心情。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“And though I’d thought my classes to be physically demanding, I hadn’t expected that my teacher’s command to ‘take up more space’ would change my way of being in the world.(虽然我早料到芭蕾课对体能消耗很大，却万万没想到老师那句‘大胆舒展、放开自己’的叮嘱，会彻底改变我看待生活、立身于世的心态。)”以及第三段“Slowly, I started becoming more comfortable with the body in the mirror.(慢慢地，我开始坦然接纳镜子里自己的身体。)”、“Instead of noticing only the signs of aging, I am now amazed at what my body is capable of.(从前我只会盯着身上衰老的痕迹暗自难过，如今却惊叹于自己身体蕴藏的无限潜能。)”可知，练习芭蕾过程十分艰难，但这段经历收获满满。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead of noticing only the signs of aging, I am now amazed at what my body is capable of. As for the imperfections? They’re part of being alive.(从前我只会留意身上衰老的痕迹，如今却惊叹于身体蕴藏的力量。至于那些不完美？那正是鲜活活着的证明。)”可知，作者不再纠结衰老与动作缺陷，懂得接纳不完美、珍视鲜活的生命本身，这份对“活着”的感悟支撑她坚持跳舞。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“When I sighed over my lack of grace in the seemingly simple act, my teacher reminded me that ballet isn’t about perfection. Rather, it’s about striving for perfection.(每当我因为连看似简单的动作都做得毫无优雅可言而叹气时，老师都会开导我：芭蕾追求的从来不是完美无瑕的结果，而是拼尽全力奔赴完美的过程。)”以及最后一段“When I do my daily ballet class, I focus on my breathing and move my body in ways that always challenge me and remind me of everything that is possible.(每日练习芭蕾时，我专注调整呼吸，用充满挑战的方式舒展身体，这时刻提醒我：世间万事皆有实现的可能。)”可知，全文围绕不必执着完美结果、享受努力过程展开，即：旅途之美，远胜终点。 Passage 3 In the glittering world of Olympic figure skating, where every move is judged under the harshest of lights, failures can be brutally exposed. It was during one such moment that Mario, a once-promising star, stumbled (绊倒) and fell, his dream crashing down with the thud (砰的一声) of the skate blades on the ice. The initial shock was followed by a deep sense of despair. Doubts crept in, whispering that he might never rise again. Each day seemed darker than the last, as Mario struggled to find his footing in a world that suddenly felt so alien and unforgiving of himself. But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. He remembered the countless hours of training, the sacrifices made, and the love for the sport that had burned so brightly before. Slowly, he picked himself up, dusted off the ice shards (碎片) of defeat, and began to skate again. This time, it was different. Each fall became a lesson, each mistake an opportunity for growth. He learned to embrace his failures, using them as stepping stones to greater heights. With renewed determination, Mario pushed himself harder, skating with a newfound grace and power. Finally, the day arrived when our hero stepped onto the Olympic ice once more. This time, there was no fear, only focus. As the music went on and he began his routine, every move flowed with effortless elegance. When the final note rang out, he knew he had done it. This young man had risen from the ashes of failure and embraced success again, stronger and more brilliant than before. As the crowd erupted in applause and the athlete stood center ice, a single tear traced down his cheek. It was a tear of joy, relief, and pride — a testament to the journey he had endured. At that moment, he understood that failure was not the end, but rather a beginning — a chance to rise stronger, wiser, and more determined. And so, Mario smiled, knowing that the road ahead, no matter how bumpy, would be filled with the sweet taste of victory and the knowledge that true success comes from overcoming the toughest challenges. 1．What made Mario so unforgiving toward himself? A．His sudden loss of balance on the ice. B．His struggle to regain control after the fall. C．His skate blades getting caught on the surface. D．His hopelessness and self-doubt after the failure. 2．How did the athlete adjust himself back to the ice stage? A．He encouraged himself to forget the disappointment and move on. B．He transformed himself into a more confident and powerful performer. C．He acknowledged the failures and turned them into motivation for growth. D．He increased the intensity of his training and endured greater physical strain. 3．Which of the following best describes Mario in this passage? A．Sensible and graceful. B．Modest and dedicated. C．Strong-willed and resilient. D．Hardworking and elegant. 4．What can we learn from this story? A．Chances favor the prepared. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．Constant dripping wears away the stone. D．What doesn’t defeat you makes you stronger. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】文章讲述了一位花滑运动员经历赛场失利后，心理上一度绝望并对自己产生怀疑，但经过自我调整，最终重获辉煌的故事。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was during one such moment that Mario, a once-promising star, stumbled and fell, his dream crashing down with the thud of the skate blades on the ice.(就在这样一个关键时刻，马里奥——这位曾经前途无量的明星——失足摔倒了，他的梦想也随之轰然破碎，伴随着冰刀在冰面上的撞击声而彻底破灭。)”和第二段“The initial shock was followed by a deep sense of despair. Doubts crept in, whispering that he might never rise again. Each day seemed darker than the last(伴随最初的震惊，紧随而来的是深深的绝望。他开始怀疑自己，觉得自己再也站不起来。每一天都比前一天更加黑暗。)”可知，失败后的绝望和自我怀疑让他无法原谅自己。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“But within this darkness, Mario began to forgive himself and accept the reality. (但在这黑暗之中，马里奥开始原谅自己，并接受了现实。)”和第四段“Each fall became a lesson, each mistake an opportunity for growth. He learned to embrace his failures, using them as stepping stones to greater heights.(每一次跌倒都是一次教训，每一次错误都是一次成长的机会。他学会了接受自己的失败，把它们当作通往更高境界的垫脚石。)”可知，他承认失败并将其转化为成长的动力。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“With renewed determination, Mario pushed himself harder, skating with a newfound grace and power. (有了新的决心，马里奥更加努力地推动自己，以一种新的优雅和力量滑冰。)”以及第五段“This young man had risen from the ashes of failure and embraced success again, stronger and more brilliant than before.(这个年轻人从失败的灰烬中站起来，再次拥抱成功，比以前更强大、更辉煌。)”可知，马里奥意志坚强且有韧性。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“At that moment, he understood that failure was not the end, but rather a beginning — a chance to rise stronger, wiser, and more determined.(那一刻，他明白了失败不是终点，而是起点——一个变得更强大、更睿智、更坚定的机会。)”以及全文主旨，可知故事告诉我们：没有打败你的东西会让你更强大。 话题3体育拼搏精神（共3篇） Passage 1 （26-27高二上·山东青岛·阶段检测）Chinese volleyball superstar Zhu Ting has inspired a new English word. “Stay awesome and ZHUperb!” wrote a blogger at a US-based volleyball website. The word combines “Zhu” and “superb (卓越的)” to describe the Chinese young player. Zhu’s excellent scoring performances put her among the Top Athletes at home and abroad. Zhu helped create the new golden age of women’s volleyball in China and is considered a national heroine by many in China, with good reason. She helped the national volleyball team win the 2015 FIVB World Cup, the 2015 Asian Women’s Volleyball Championship, and the Rio Olympics. And in 2021, she and taekwondo athlete Zhao Shuai were named as flag bearers for China at the opening ceremony of the Tokyo Olympics. Although she’s a superstar now, it hasn’t been easy for Zhu to get to where she is. Born to a farming family in Henan Province, Zhu earned a chance to attend a local sports school at age 13. She became well-known to the public by helping China’s U20 team win the 2013 FIVB U20 World Championship. Shortly after, Zhu joined the national team and began playing under legendary coach Lang Ping. At first, the 1.98-metre-tall Zhu found it difficult to move quickly and stay balanced. But Lang Ping took advantage of her height and trained her to jump high and smash balls. Her work paid off. Zhu is now an outstanding player. “Hard work and talent are equally important. I’ll move forwards step by step,” she told a newspaper. 1．Why was “ZHUperb” created? A．To create a new game. B．To introduce a volleyball website. C．To describe the volleyball superstar. D．To celebrate Zhu Ting’s success. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．Zhu Ting’s training. B．Zhu Ting’s personal qualities. C．Zhu Ting’s achievements. D．Zhu Ting’s future plan. 3．When did Zhu Ting probably join the national team? A．In 2000. B．In 2013. C．In 2018. D．In 2019. 4．What was the purpose of Lang Ping’s plan for training Zhu Ting? A．To build up Zhu Ting’s confidence. B．To make use of Zhu Ting’s advantages. C．To train Zhu Ting to be the captain of the team. D．To instruct Zhu Ting to move forwards step by step. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍排球名将朱婷，介绍新词ZHUperb的由来、她取得的各项成就以及成长训练经历。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The word combines “Zhu” and “superb (卓越的)” to describe the Chinese young player. (这个词结合了“朱”和“卓越的”，用来描述这位中国年轻运动员。)”可知，创造ZHUperb这个单词是为了描述这位排球巨星。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Zhu helped create the new golden age of women’s volleyball in China and is considered a national heroine by many in China, with good reason. She helped the national volleyball team win the 2015 FIVB World Cup, the 2015 Asian Women’s Volleyball Championship, and the Rio Olympics. And in 2021, she and taekwondo athlete Zhao Shuai were named as flag bearers for China at the opening ceremony of the Tokyo Olympics. (朱婷助力开创中国女排新的黄金时代，在中国被很多人视作国民英雄，这是有充分理由的。她助力国家队夺得2015年国际排联世界杯、2015年亚洲女排锦标赛以及里约奥运会冠军。2021年，她和跆拳道运动员赵帅担任东京奥运会开幕式中国代表团旗手。)” 可知，本段主要讲述朱婷取得的各项成就。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She became well-known to the public by helping China’s U20 team win the 2013 FIVB U20 World Championship. Shortly after, Zhu joined the national team and began playing under legendary coach Lang Ping. (她凭借帮助中国U20队伍拿下2013国际排联U20世界锦标赛冠军而被大众熟知。不久之后，朱婷加入国家队，在传奇教练郎平麾下打球。)”可知，朱婷大约在2013年加入国家队。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But Lang Ping took advantage of her height and trained her to jump high and smash balls. (但是郎平利用她的身高优势，训练她高高跳起扣球。)”可知，郎平训练朱婷的目的是充分利用朱婷自身的优势。 Passage 2 （26-27高三上·江苏无锡·阶段检测）When Angel Reese first joined the Chicago Sky as the No.7 pick in the WNBA (Women’s National Basketball Association) draft, the transition was far from smooth. The player known in college for her dominant rebounding (篮板球) and competitive spirit faced a steep learning curve against experienced professionals. Questions were raised about whether her game would translate, and her statistics in the early weeks were solid but not impressive, leading some experts to wonder if she was being overshadowed by other rookies (新手). But Reese, with her constant efforts, quickly turned a corner. In a decisive mid-season game against the Connecticut Sun, she recorded an incredible 25 points and 16 rebounds, announcing her arrival as a force. Her impact goes beyond numbers; she has transformed the Sky’s defensive identity and become an emotional leader, “Confronted with pressure from the media in the down time, she brings an energy that’s infectious,” said Head Coach Teresa Weatherspoon. “She’s not just playing her best; she’s motivating everyone around her.” Perhaps Reese’s most significant contribution is happening off the court. Jerseys (运动衫) with her name are flying off shelves, and Sky games, particularly on the road, are drawing new crowds eager to see the “Chi-Town Barbie.” The league’s television ratings and social media engagement see substantial rises during her eye-catching performances. She, along with an exceptional rookie class, is credited with driving a new era of exposure and commercial growth for the WNBA． The narrative has shifted from questioning her fit to forecasting her ceiling. A strong candidate for Rookie of the Year, Reese is no longer just a prospect; she is a cornerstone. Her journey from a screened newcomer to a league ambassador underscores how the right personality and talent, coupled with resilience, can rapidly reshape both a team’s fortunes and the sport’s cultural footprint. 1．How did the public react to Angel Reese initially? A．They didn’t pay enough attention to her role. B．They doubted her ability as a WNBA player. C．They thought she would win awards quickly. D．They were deeply impressed by her skills. 2．What can be inferred about Reese from Teresa’s comment? A．She improves the team’s fame. B．She plays the best on the team. C．She lifts her teammates’ spirits D．She handles media pressure easily. 3．Why was Reese called “Chi-Town Barbie”? A．To promote a commercial brand. B．To increase her media engagement. C．To display her catchy performances. D．To reflect her popularity and identity. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．An introduction to the Chicago Sky. B．The importance of a positive mindset. C．The characteristics of sports culture. D．A player’s journey and her impact. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了安杰尔·里斯作为WNBA7号新秀起步不顺，后凭亮眼数据与领导力实现突破。赛场之外，她带动球队与联盟热度，从饱受质疑的新人成长为球队基石和联赛代表人物。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Questions were raised about whether her game would translate, and her statistics in the early weeks were solid but not impressive, leading some experts to wonder if she was being overshadowed by other rookies (新手).(人们质疑她的比赛能力能否在WNBA职业赛场发挥作用，而她在初期几周的统计数据虽然稳健，但并不突出，一些专家因此怀疑她是否被其他新秀所掩盖)”可知，公众最初对她作为WNBA球员的能力抱有怀疑态度。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Her impact goes beyond numbers; she has transformed the Sky’s defensive identity and become an emotional leader, “Confronted with pressure from the media in the down time, she brings an energy that’s infectious,” said Head Coach Teresa Weatherspoon. “She’s not just playing her best; she’s motivating everyone around her.”(她的影响力远不止于数字；她彻底改变了天空队的防守形象，成为了精神领袖。“在低谷期面对媒体的压力，她带来了极具感染力的活力，”主教练特蕾莎·韦瑟斯普恩表示，“她不仅发挥出最佳状态，更激励着身边每一个人。”)”可知，Reese能够振奋队友的精神，带动全队。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Jerseys (运动衫) with her name are flying off shelves, and Sky games, particularly on the road, are drawing new crowds eager to see the “Chi-Town Barbie.”(印有她名字的球衣正在热销，而天空队的比赛，尤其是客场比赛，吸引了大批观众前来观看这位“芝加哥城芭比”)”可知，这个称号是球迷对她的爱称，反映了她极高的人气以及她作为芝加哥球队代表的身份。 4．主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了Angel Reese初入WNBA时面临的质疑，第二段讲述她在球场上证明自己并成为球队精神领袖，第三段讲述她在场外为联盟带来的商业和文化影响，第四段总结了她从受质疑的新人成长为联盟基石的历程。可知，文章主要讲述了一位球员的职业旅程及其带来的巨大影响。 Passage 3 Behind every shining champion lie countless days of silent effort. Wu Yize, a 22-year-old snooker talent from China, finally made history in the 2026 World Snooker (斯诺克) Championship. He defeated Shaun Murphy narrowly with a score of 18:17, becoming the first post-2000s world champion in snooker. This victory also marked China’s second straight world title after Zhao Xintong’s success in 2025. Born in Lanzhou in 2003, Wu showed a gift for snooker at the age of seven. Driven by deep love for the sport, he received professional training at 13. To offer him a better training environment, his father sold the local antique (古董的) store and moved with him to Sheffield, the hometown of snooker. The early days abroad were extremely hard. The father and son lived in a small dark flat with limited money, and they struggled with cultural and language differences. Years of strict training and tough life experiences shaped Wu’s calm personality. On the crowded court in England, Wu once misunderstood the fans’ cheers as boos (嘘声). However, he never lost his temper (脾气) and kept a clear mind throughout the match. His steady playing style earned him the nickname “Priest Wu” among Chinese fans. Apart from the honor, the championship brought him generous prize money and a huge ranking upgrade. His global ranking jumped from tenth to fourth, reaching a new career height. When interviewed, Wu said his parents were his biggest spiritual support. He also expressed his ambition to create a unique era for himself in the snooker field. Such firm determination drives him to keep moving forward. In fact, snooker has gained increasing popularity in China. Since Ding Junhui drew public attention to this sport in 2005, more professional tournaments have been held nationwide. Nowadays, China hosts one-third of global snooker events, witnessing the rapid development of Chinese snooker. 1．What do we know about Wu Yize’s victory in 2026? A．He beat Zhao Xintong in the final match. B．He won the game by a narrow score. C．He got the highest score in a single round. D．He became the youngest snooker champion. 2．Why did Wu’s father move to Sheffield with him? A．To open a new antique store there. B．To experience local foreign culture. C．To escape the difficult life in Lanzhou. D．To create better training conditions for Wu. 3．What can we infer about Wu Yize in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．He received generous prize money. B．He totally gave up his family business for his career. C．He might have felt upset facing foreign audience’s response. D．He has long ranked fourth in the world snooker circle. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．China plays an important role in world snooker nowadays. B．Ding Junhui began to play snooker professionally in 2005. C．All top snooker players in China are influenced by Ding Junhui. D．Chinese snooker events have replaced overseas ones gradually. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了“00后”斯诺克选手吴宜泽克服艰苦训练环境，在2026年世锦赛夺冠并创造历史的事迹。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“He defeated Shaun Murphy narrowly with a score of 18:17, becoming the first post-2000s world champion in snooker.(他以18:17的微弱优势击败肖恩·墨菲，成为斯诺克界首位“00后”世界冠军)”可知，他在决赛中以微弱比分获胜。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To offer him a better training environment, his father sold the local antique store and moved with him to Sheffield, the hometown of snooker.(为了给他提供更好的训练环境，他的父亲卖掉了当地的古董店，和他一起搬到了斯诺克之乡谢菲尔德)”可知，父亲搬家的目的是为吴宜泽创造更好的训练条件。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“On the crowded court in England, Wu once misunderstood the fans’ cheers as boos. However, he never lost his temper (脾气) and kept a clear mind throughout the match. His steady playing style earned him the nickname “Priest Wu” among Chinese fans.(在英格兰拥挤的球场上，吴宜泽一度误将观众的欢呼声当成了嘘声。 然而，他从未发过脾气，在整场比赛中保持了清醒的头脑。他稳定的打球风格为他赢得了中国球迷的绰号“吴牧师”)”以及第四段中“His global ranking jumped from tenth to fourth, reaching a new career height.(他的全球排名从第10位跃升至第4位，达到了职业生涯的新高度)”可知，面对观众的反应他当时可能感到失落但很快调整了状态，且第4名是夺冠后的新高度，并非长期保持。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Nowadays, China hosts one-third of global snooker events, witnessing the rapid development of Chinese snooker.(如今，中国承办了全球三分之一的斯诺克赛事，见证了中国斯诺克的飞速发展)”可知，中国目前在世界斯诺克领域中扮演着重要角色。 话题4艺术灵感与创新（共3篇） Passage 1 Artist Zsudayka Nzinga Terrell clearly remembers the day in high school when the teacher asked her to write about her family history. She saw that it was impossible to answer the questions “Who am I?” and “Where did I come from?” Nzinga Terrell told VOA about her childhood memories.“So the white kids were able to get up and talk about hundreds of years of their background. And there was me and one other black kid in the class who could go back to a plantation in Virginia and that’s it.” She talked about her family’s history. “My people were brought here on the bottom of a ship. And they were sold and they were re-named.My dad’s side of the family took the last name of the job that they had,which is butlers. My mom’s side of the family took the last name of the plantation that owned them.” Today,she and her husband, artist James Terrell, explore that identity in their work. Their new exhibit of paintings is called “Born at the Bottom of the Ship.” The show recently opened at the Center for the Arts in Manassas, Virginia. Over the generations, Africans became African Americans with a new culture, and Nzinga Terrell includes different parts of that story in her art. There are things that look like African cloth and design and things that make you think of American culture and clothing. James Terrell’s style is more abstract. “Mami Wata”, the first painting visitors see in the new exhibit, shows a woman rising from the ocean. Terrell explains the painting.“Mami Wata is a goddess of the sea...There’s no light going through;there’s not a lot of colour being seen, as opposed to the other ones. So, it’s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.” But the artist says he also likes to play with colour.Growing up, Terrell attended a church with coloured glass in many windows. Because of that experience, he learned how light goes through the windows. He makes lines in his painting that look like the lines between pieces of coloured glass in the church windows. Terrell’s works show how he sees himself as an African American. Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works. 1．When young,Nzinga Terrell’s memory of her family dates back to 　　　. A．the time when the slaves were sold and re-named B．the time when she was born at the bottom of a ship C．the time when the black slaves were brought to America D．the time when her family worked on a plantation in Virginia 2．How did Nzinga Terrell’s father get his family name? A．It was named after a plantation. B．It was named after their owner’s name. C．It was named after the job the family did. D．It was named long ago after a place in Africa. 3．What’s the painting “Mami Wata” like? A．It’s typical of native American style. B．It reflects a dark time of the black slaves. C．It’s abstract with rich and bright colours. D．It describes a church James once attended. 4．How do the visitors probably feel seeing Terrell’s works? A．Strange. B．Curious. C．Depressed. D．Moved. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国黑人女艺术家Zsudayka Nzinga Terrell以及她的艺术作品和艺术风格，文中同时也介绍了她的丈夫James Terrell的相关情况。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“And there was me and one other black kid in the class who could go back to a plantation in Virginia and that’s it.””（而我和班上的另一个黑人孩子可以回到弗吉尼亚的一个种植园，仅此而已。）可知，恩津加·特雷尔（Nzinga Terrell）对家庭的记忆可以追溯到她的家人在弗吉尼亚州一个种植园工作的时候。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“My dad’s side of the family took the last name of the job that they had, which is butlers.”（我父亲那边的家族用了他们工作的姓氏，那就是butlers。）可推知，恩辛加·特雷尔的父亲的姓氏是是以这家人的工作命名的。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“There’s no light going through; here’s not a lot of colour being seen, as opposed to the other ones. So, it’s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.”（没有光穿过；没有很多颜色被看到，与其他颜色相反。所以，它只是展示了奴隶被带到美国的时间。）可知，“Mami Wata”这幅艺术作品没有多少光和丰富的色彩，因为该作品反映了黑奴被带到美国时的情景。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Terrell’s works show how he sees himself as an African American. Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works.”（特雷尔的作品展示了他如何看待自己作为一个非裔美国人。参观艺术展的人说，他们在作品中看到了自己和家人。）可知，来看他艺术作品的人说，他们在作品中看到了自己和他们家庭成员的影子，可推知，他们是感动的。故选D项。 Passage 2 （26-27高三上·四川·开学考试）For decades, movie studios have relied on advance screenings to assess how audiences respond to in-development films, with viewer reactions informing edits, re-shoots and even changed endings. Studios typically collect qualitative feedback that always relies on memory after films end — if audiences in the busy streaming age even finish watching. But researchers at the University of Bristol in England now seek to modernize this method with a first-of-its-kind “smart” movie theater that measures viewers’ instantaneous physical reactions with high-tech equipment. Located on the institution’s new campus, the 35-seat Smart Cinema pairs the familiar high-resolution laser (激光) projector and Dolby surround-sound speakers with technologies foreign to most movie houses: heart rate monitors, EEG headsets and high-tech cameras. “With this smart cinema technology and with these methods, you don’t have to take the risk of releasing something and hoping it works. You can actually get real audience insight, moment by moment, into how they’re responding and then make changes before release,” says Iain Gilchrist, the co-author of a study that applied those methods. Researchers showed 40 people ten short TV clips of varying story types while collecting biometric (生物特征) data by monitoring viewers’ pulses (脉搏), brain waves, body heat, skin responses and eye movements. The research team found that viewers’ attention and personal involvement had connections with heart rate matching and consistent eye movement, yet their capacity to follow story plots showed no such link. A short science fiction drama called RENO became the Smart Cinema’s first tested film this week, playing to roughly 200 viewers. Fittingly, the film explores the relationship between humans and artificial intelligence(AI) and was produced on an experimental stage at the university that makes use of virtual reality technology. “As a director, having the opportunity to conduct an audience test of RENO in the Smart Cinema is truly invaluable,” says Rob Hifle, the film’s director. “It’s not just about refining the film; it’s also about connecting with viewers, understanding their reactions. This experience will undoubtedly shape the final cut in ways I can’t yet imagine.” 1．What is the weakness of traditional movie audience feedback methods? A．They depend on later comments. B．They lead to unfinished movies. C．They record film viewers’ habits. D．They update methods frequently. 2．What was one finding about audiences the researchers got? A．Their biometric data were the same. B．Their focus was affected by film types. C．Their emotions matched eye movement shifts. D．Their story understanding relied on heart beats. 3．Why does the author mention RENO? A．To make an advertisement. B．To introduce a practice. C．To present an argument. D．To analyze a phenomenon. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Change of Theaters B．Filmgoers’ Vital Roles C．A New Type of Cinema D．Features of Modern Films 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国布里斯托大学研发的智能影院，借助高科技设备采集观众的实时生物反应数据，以此获取观影反馈，助力影片修改完善。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Studios typically collect qualitative feedback that always relies on memory after films end—if audiences in the busy streaming age even finish watching.(制片厂通常会收集定性反馈，而这类反馈往往要等到影片结束后依靠观众回忆才能获得——尤其在流媒体盛行的当下，观众甚至未必能完整看完一部影片。)”可知，传统方式依靠观众观影结束之后凭借记忆给出的事后评价。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The research team found that viewers’ attention and personal involvement had connections with heart rate matching and consistent eye movement, yet their capacity to follow story plots showed no such link.(研究团队发现，观众的注意力与个人投入程度和心率同步性、眼球运动一致性存在关联，但观众理解故事情节的能力并未表现出此类联系。)”可知，观众的情绪投入和眼球运动变化相关。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“A short science fiction drama called RENO became the Smart Cinema’s first tested film this week, playing to roughly 200 viewers.(一部名为《RENO》的短篇科幻短剧本周成为智能影院首部试映影片，约有 200 名观众观看。)”可知，作者列举RENO，是介绍智能影院投入实际测试的一项实践案例。 4．主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍传统影院点映收集观影反馈的行业背景，第二段引出本文的主旨句“But researchers at the University of Bristol in England now seek to modernize this method with a first‑of‑its‑kind “smart” movie theater that measures viewers’ instantaneous physical reactions with high‑tech equipment.(但英国布里斯托大学的研究人员如今试图革新这一方法，打造全球首个‘智能’影院，借助高科技设备实时测量观众的即时生理反应。)”，后文围绕这款新型智能影院的配套设备、相关研究发现、实际测试案例展开。C项表示“一种新型影院”，涵盖本文主旨，适合作本文标题。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河南驻马店·阶段检测）There are numerous art forms in the world, each with its unique charm. Painting allows artists to express their vision on a flat surface. Whether it’s the vivid oil paintings with their rich colors and thick textures, or the delicate watercolor paintings that seem to hold a dreamy quality, every stroke tells a story. Sculpture, on the other hand, gives life to materials like stone, metal, or wood. The great stone sculptures from ancient times stand as a testament to human creativity, with their figures carved with precision and grace. Music is another powerful art form that can stir our emotions. Classical music with its complex compositions and symphonic arrangements can transport us to another world. Pop music, with its catchy melodies and relatable lyrics, is loved by the masses. Dance is the art of movement. Ballet dancers move with such elegance and poise that they seem to defy gravity. And modern dance allows for more freedom of expression, with dancers using their bodies to convey deep emotions. Literature has the power to create entire universes within the pages of a book. Novels can take us on epic adventures, while poetry captures the essence of a moment in the most beautiful and concise way. Theatre combines acting, dialogue, and sometimes music and dance to present stories in a live setting. From the tragic dramas of Shakespeare to the colorful musicals of Broadway, theatre offers a diverse range of experiences. 1．What are the two types of paintings mentioned in the passage? A．Oil paintings and Chinese paintings B．Oil paintings and watercolor paintings C．Watercolor paintings and ink paintings D．Chinese paintings and ink paintings 2．Which of the following is NOT true about music according to the passage? A．Classical music has complex compositions. B．Pop music has catchy melodies. C．Only classical music can stir emotions. D．Different types of music have different features. 3．In what way is modern dance different from ballet according to the passage? A．Modern dance has more rules. B．Ballet dancers are more emotional. C．Modern dance allows for more freedom of expression. D．Ballet is more popular than modern dance. 4．What can literature do according to the passage? A．Only tell short stories. B．Create worlds within books. C．Only write about real - life events. D．It has no power at all. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了不同艺术形式的魅力，分别阐述了绘画、雕塑、音乐、舞蹈和文学的特点。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Whether it’s the vivid oil paintings with their rich colors and thick textures, or the delicate watercolor paintings that seem to hold a dreamy quality, every stroke tells a story.(无论是色彩丰富、质地厚实的生动油画，还是细腻的水彩画，似乎都有一种梦幻般的质感，每一笔都在讲述一个故事)”可知，文章中提到的两种绘画是油画和水彩画。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Music is another powerful art form that can stir our emotions. Classical music with its complex compositions and symphonic arrangements can transport us to another world. Pop music, with its catchy melodies and relatable lyrics, is loved by the masses.(音乐是另一种强大的艺术形式，可以激发我们的情感。古典音乐以其复杂的作曲和交响乐的编曲能把我们带到另一个世界。流行音乐以其朗朗上口的旋律和动人的歌词深受大众喜爱)”可知，C选项“只有古典音乐能激起情感”不正确。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Dance is the art of movement. Ballet dancers move with such elegance and poise that they seem to defy gravity. And modern dance allows for more freedom of expression, with dancers using their bodies to convey deep emotions.(舞蹈是移动的艺术。芭蕾舞演员的动作如此优雅和平衡，她们似乎不受地心引力的影响。现代舞允许更多的自由表达，舞者用她们的身体来传达深刻的情感)”可知，现代舞和芭蕾的不同在于现代舞允许更多的表达自由。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Literature has the power to create entire universes within the pages of a book.(文学有一种力量，可以在书中创造出整个宇宙)”可知，文学能在书中创造世界。故选B。 话题5生物奥秘的探索与发现（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·四川绵阳·期中）When acoustic (声音的) ecologist Marcus Maeder first placed a listening device in the soil, he was unprepared for what he heard. All sorts of strange sounds flooded his headphones, revealing a dynamic world hidden beneath the seemingly quiet ground. Ecologists have long known that soil is home to vast biodiversity. In just a single cup of dirt, researchers have counted up to 100 million life forms, ranging from tiny bacteria to larger insects and earthworms. These underground creatures play a vital role in cycling nutrients and supporting life on Earth. Now, in a relatively new scientific field, known as soil bioacoustics, a growing number of biologists are collecting underground noises to open a window into this complex and mysterious world. They’ve found that something as simple as a metal nail pushed into the dirt can become a sort of listening post if equipped with the right sensors. The acoustic data helps scientists answer fundamental questions, like how creatures communicate or when plants grow their roots. Beyond basic research, underground acoustics could also help us take better care of the environment and detect pests (害虫) like root-feeding insects, which cause billions of dollars in damage annually. By identifying the distinctive sounds of these pests, scientists hope to develop more eco-friendly strategies that reduce the need for widespread chemical use. However, scientists are also recording less welcome sounds: human-made noises, such as construction or traffic, are detectable underground. More concerning is the finding that in intensively farmed areas, the natural sounds of soil life are fading, indicating a worrying decline in biodiversity. To help more people realize what we’re in danger of losing, Maeder has started a citizen science project that lends people in Switzerland acoustic sensors to listen for underground activities themselves. The recordings are being gathered into a national library of soil sounds with the hope of raising awareness. Demand so far is high, Maeder says. “The sensors are always booked.” 1．What is the main focus of soil bioacoustics? A．Studying underground life. B．Tracking plant growth. C．Monitoring noise pollution. D．Capturing natural sounds. 2．What is a practical application of soil bioacoustics according to the text? A．Boosting farm output. B．Enabling targeted pest control. C．Improving traditional farming. D．Eliminating the need for chemical use. 3．What does the high demand for sensors in Maeder’s project suggest? A．Public interest in soil ecology. B．Severe decline in soil health. C．Easy access to monitoring tools. D．Need to increase project funding. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why Soil Is No Longer Silent? B．Uncovering an Underground World C．How Human Noise Affects Biodiversity? D．Listening to the Hidden Sounds of Soil 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】文章主要介绍了土壤生物声学这一新兴科学领域，科学家通过记录土壤中的声音来研究地下生物世界。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Now, in a relatively new scientific field, known as soil bioacoustics, a growing number of biologists are collecting underground noises to open a window into this complex and mysterious world. They’ve found that something as simple as a metal nail pushed into the dirt can become a sort of listening post if equipped with the right sensors. The acoustic data helps scientists answer fundamental questions, like how creatures communicate or when plants grow their roots.(如今，在一个相对较新的科学领域——土壤生物声学中，越来越多的生物学家正在收集地下的声音，以此打开一扇通往这个复杂而神秘世界的窗户。他们发现，只需将一枚简单的金属钉插入泥土中，并配备合适的传感器，它就能成为一个监听点。声学数据帮助科学家回答基本问题，例如生物如何交流，或者植物何时生长根系)”可知，土壤生物声学的主要研究重点是地下生命。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Beyond basic research, underground acoustics could also help us take better care of the environment and detect pests (害虫) like root-feeding insects, which cause billions of dollars in damage annually. By identifying the distinctive sounds of these pests, scientists hope to develop more eco-friendly strategies that reduce the need for widespread chemical use.(除了基础研究，地下声学还可以帮助我们更好地保护环境，并检测害虫，如每年造成数十亿美元损失的食根昆虫。通过识别这些害虫的独特声音，科学家希望开发更环保的策略，减少对广泛使用化学品的需求)”可知，土壤生物声学的一个实际应用是实现有针对性的害虫控制。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To help more people realize what we’re in danger of losing, Maeder has started a citizen science project that lends people in Switzerland acoustic sensors to listen for underground activities themselves. The recordings are being gathered into a national library of soil sounds with the hope of raising awareness. Demand so far is high, Maeder says. “The sensors are always booked.” (为了帮助更多人意识到我们面临失去的东西，Maeder启动了一个公民科学项目，向瑞士民众借出声学传感器，让他们自己倾听地下活动。这些录音正在被收集到一个国家土壤声音库中，希望提高人们的意识。Maeder说，到目前为止需求量很高。“传感器总是被预订一空。”)”可推知，传感器的高需求表明公众对土壤生态学的兴趣。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“When acoustic (声音的) ecologist Marcus Maeder first placed a listening device in the soil, he was unprepared for what he heard. All sorts of strange sounds flooded his headphones, revealing a dynamic world hidden beneath the seemingly quiet ground. (当声学生态学家Marcus Maeder第一次将听音设备放入土壤中时，他对所听到的声音毫无准备。各种奇怪的声音涌入他的耳机，揭示了一个隐藏在看似安静的地面之下的动态世界)”和第三段“Now, in a relatively new scientific field, known as soil bioacoustics, a growing number of biologists are collecting underground noises to open a window into this complex and mysterious world. (如今，在一个相对较新的科学领域——土壤生物声学中，越来越多的生物学家正在收集地下的声音，以此打开一扇通往这个复杂而神秘世界的窗户)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家通过倾听土壤中的声音来研究地下生物世界。故D项“Listening to the Hidden Sounds of Soil (倾听土壤隐藏的声音)”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。 Passage 2 （2026·河南周口·三模）While lightning is a fascinating phenomenon, it’s also infamous for its capacity for destruction and the danger it poses to life. Each year, lightning claims hundreds of millions of trees worldwide, leaving behind burnt trunks and broken branches. Yet, in an interesting twist of nature, some tropical trees have turned this destructive force of nature to their advantage. A recent study reports that the tropical almond tree (热带杏仁树)not only survives direct lightning strikes but thrives because of them. Researchers discovered that a lightning strike damages the surrounding trees that directly compete for resources and also destroys lianas (藤本植物), those woody parasitic vines (寄生藤) known to strangle and reduce the growth of many rainforest trees. Researchers long suspected some tree species had tolerance towards lightning, but no evidence existed to back up this assumption. The team of researchers, led by Evan Gora, placed a lightning location system across Barro Colorado Nature Monument in central Panama to track the after-effects on 93 trees struck by lightning. Over six years, scientists paid special attention to nine almond trees that were struck. Remarkably, every single tree survived with only minor damage. In contrast, all other trees subjected to a direct hit were severely damaged, and nearly two-thirds died within two years of the strike. On average, a single lightning strike cleared out 9.2 neighboring trees as the current passed along via vines and neighboring branches. Additionally, the liana infestation on almond trees decreased by 78%. With less competition for sunlight, space, and nutrients, these trees increased their reproductive capacity by 14 times. Since almond trees can live for hundreds of years, they are expected to withstand multiple strikes throughout their lives. “Seeing that there are trees that get struck by lightning and they’re fine was just mind-blowing,” says Gora. “It’s better off for an almond tree to be struck than not.” 1．What does the underlined word “strangle” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Surround. B．Assist. C．Prevent. D．Drown. 2．What was the lightning location system used to do? A．Predict future lightning strikes. B．Record lightning’s direct impacts. C．Reduce lightning damage to trees. D．Observe long-term ecological changes. 3．What happened to almond trees after surviving lightning strikes? A．They got special ability to grow. B．They gained a competitive advantage. C．They attracted more lianas than before. D．They needed more sunlight to survive. 4．Which best describes Gora’s feeling about almond trees’ surviving lightning? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Curious. D．Astonished. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【原文】文章主要介绍了热带杏仁树不仅能承受雷击，还能从中获益的科学发现。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Researchers discovered that a lightning strike damages the surrounding trees that directly compete for resources and also destroys lianas (藤本植物), those woody parasitic vines (寄生藤) known to strangle and reduce the growth of many rainforest trees.(研究人员发现，雷击会破坏周围直接争夺资源的树木，也会破坏藤本植物，藤本植物是一种木本寄生藤蔓，已知会strangle和减少许多雨林树木的生长)”可知，strangle与reduce the growth并列，即藤本植物会抑制并减少雨林树木的生长，所以划线单词意为“阻止、抑制生长”。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team of researchers, led by Evan Gora, placed a lightning location system across Barro Colorado Nature Monument in central Panama to track the after-effects on 93 trees struck by lightning.(由Evan Gora领导的研究团队在巴拿马中部的巴罗科罗拉多自然纪念碑放置了一个闪电定位系统，以追踪93棵被闪电击中的树木的事后影响)”可知，该系统用于追踪被雷击树木的直接影响。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“With less competition for sunlight, space, and nutrients, these trees increased their reproductive capacity by 14 times.(由于阳光、空间和养分的竞争减少，这些树的繁殖能力提高了14倍)”可知，杏仁树在雷击后获得了竞争优势。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Seeing that there are trees that get struck by lightning and they’re fine was just mind-blowing,” says Gora. “It’s better off for an almond tree to be struck than not.”（Gora说：“看到有些树被闪电击中却安然无恙，这真是令人震惊。对于杏仁树来说，被闪电击中反而比不被击中更好。”)”可知，Gora对杏仁树能在雷击后存活感到非常惊讶。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）In general, the riches of the natural world aren’t spread evenly across the globe. Places like the tropical (热带的) Andes in South America are simply packed with unique species, many of which can’t be found in any other places. Until recently, the main explanation for the biological riches concentrated in places like the Amazon Basin was that such places must be engines of biodiversity (生物多样性), with new species evolving at a faster rate than other parts of the world. But now, new research on bird evolution may turn that assumption on its head, instead supporting the idea that areas with fewer species actually tend to produce new species faster. The researchers say these biodiversity “coldspots” are generally found in environments featuring freezing, dry and unstable conditions. Though the researchers found these locations with few bird species tend to produce new ones at high rates, they fail to accumulate many species because the unstable conditions frequently make the new life forms die out. The more well­known “hotspots”, by contrast, have accumulated their large numbers of species by being warm, hospitable and relatively stable. Indeed, the researchers found that the countless bird species that call the Amazon home tend to be older in evolutionary terms. “New species do form in places like the Amazon, just not as frequently as in the dry grasslands in the Andes,” says Elizabeth, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Tennessee. The researchers managed to collect 1,940 samples representing 1,287 of the 1,306 bird species from South America. Their analysis showed that the best predictor of whether an area would produce new species at a high rate was how many species lived there, rather than climate or geographic features like mountains. Species­rich areas tended to produce new species more slowly. “Maybe bad environments generate new species more frequently because there’s less competition and more available opportunities for new species,” says Gustavo Bravo, a lead researcher. The study’s findings add new urgency to protect ecosystems that may look barren, but may actually be nature’s hothouses for the evolution of new species. 1．Why is South America mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To make comparison. B．To introduce the topic. C．To make a prediction. D．To draw a conclusion. 2．What determines the rising rate of new species in a place? A．The number of its species there. B．The environment there. C．The survival skills of species. D．The different biological factors. 3．Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “barren” in the last paragraph? A．Dry and bare. B．Lively and active. C．Nice and green. D．Complex and unpredictable. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Tropical areas are home to large numbers of species. B．New species prefer to live in the extreme climate. C．Harsh environments pose a greater threat to species. D．The worst ecosystem may give birth to new species fastest. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，物种较少的地方比物种丰富的地方会更快地产生新物种。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Places like the tropical (热带的) Andes in South America are simply packed with unique species, many of which can’t be found in any other places. Until recently, the main explanation for the biological riches concentrated in places like the Amazon Basin was that such places must be engines of biodiversity (生物多样性), with new species evolving at a faster rate than other parts of the world. But now, new research on bird evolution may turn that assumption on its head, instead supporting the idea that areas with fewer species actually tend to produce new species faster. (像南美洲热带安第斯山脉这样的地方到处都是独特的物种，其中许多在其他地方都找不到。直到最近，生物财富集中在亚马逊盆地等地的主要解释是，这些地方一定是生物多样性的引擎，新物种的进化速度比世界其他地区更快。但现在，关于鸟类进化的新研究可能会颠覆这一假设，转而支持物种较少的地区实际上往往会更快地产生新物种的观点)”可知，本段提及南美洲是为了引入文章关于生物多样性的主题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Their analysis showed that the best predictor of whether an area would produce new species at a high rate was how many species lived there, rather than climate or geographic features like mountains. Species­rich areas tended to produce new species more slowly.(他们的分析表明，一个地区是否会以高速度产生新物种的最佳预测因素是有多少物种生活在那里，而不是气候或山脉等地理特征。物种丰富的地区往往产生新物种的速度较慢)”可知，一个地方原有的物种数量决定了新物种的增长速度。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Maybe bad environments generate new species more frequently because there’s less competition and more available opportunities for new species,(也许恶劣的环境会更频繁地产生新物种，因为新物种的竞争更少，机会更多)”以及最后一段“The study’s findings add new urgency to protect ecosystems that may look barren, but may actually be nature’s hothouses for the evolution of new species.(这项研究的发现为保护生态系统增添了新的紧迫性，这些生态系统可能看起来barren，但实际上可能是新物种进化的自然温室)”可知，也许恶劣的环境会更频繁地产生新物种，所以这些可能看起来干旱贫瘠的生态系统，实际上可能是新物种进化的自然温室，推测划线单词表示“干旱贫瘠的”，与dry and bare同义。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But now, new research on bird evolution may turn that assumption on its head, instead supporting the idea that areas with fewer species actually tend to produce new species faster.(但现在，关于鸟类进化的新研究可能会颠覆这一假设，转而支持物种较少的地区实际上往往会更快地产生新物种的观点)”以及第五段“Maybe bad environments generate new species more frequently because there’s less competition and more available opportunities for new species,(也许恶劣的环境会更频繁地产生新物种，因为新物种的竞争更少，机会更多)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，物种较少的地方往往会更快地产生新物种，恶劣的环境可能会更频繁地产生新物种，所以“最糟糕的生态系统可能会最快地产生新物种”可以作为文章标题。故选D。 话题6生态保护与可持续发展（共3篇） Passage 1 （26-27高三上·浙江杭州·阶段检测）For decades, marine researchers have faced major obstacles in ocean conservation. Remote, dark coastal waters shelter rare marine species, largely inaccessible to human divers. Traditional cameras perform poorly in dim conditions, and costly human surveys cover less than 3 percent of global shallow marine areas yearly. To solve these problems, a modern AI bioacoustics (生物声学的) monitoring system has been developed to boost conservation efficiency. Jointly created by environmental tech teams and marine reserves, this innovative system adopts low-cost underwater microphones to record complex ocean soundscapes. Equipped with advanced machine learning technology, it is able to identify various marine species according to their unique acoustic (声音的) features automatically. Compared with traditional approaches, it reduces survey costs by 62 percent and expands detectable sea areas by over 18 times. Inspired by dolphins’ echolocation, its bionic algorithm (算法) can block interference from waves and ship engines, accurately recognizing faint and mixed underwater sounds. In a 12-month field study off Ghana’s western coast, Dr. Lena Marquez’s team placed 46 solar-powered hydrophones (水听器). The AI uncovered three locally extinct fish species, missed by human divers’ annual searches for five years. It also locates hidden seagrass and coral habitats overlooked by humans. Guided by its data, local fishermen adopted seasonal fishing bans, raising young fish populations by 41 percent in eight months. Nevertheless, the system has two noticeable limitations. It fails to identify silent marine creatures such as shellfish with no acoustic signals. Additionally, its high-precision analysis demands steady internet access and basic digital training, which many remote island regions lack. To overcome these obstacles, researchers are optimizing offline data processing systems and offering free professional training for coastal residents in relevant regions. This bionic AI technology marks a significant breakthrough in marine ecological protection. Rather than isolating technology from natural ecosystems, it learns and follows natural biological rules to repair damaged ocean habitats. As affordable hydrophones and open-source AI programs gain global popularity, local coastal communities are empowered to guard marine resources effectively, turning abstract ocean protection theories into practical daily action. 1．What is a key advantage of the new AI system? A．It functions well in dark environment. B．It can operate without any workers on site. C．It makes marine surveys much more efficient. D．It’s able to cover less than half sea area worldwide. 2．What can we learn about the field study in Ghana? A．It improved adult fish population quickly. B．It was influenced by local fishing activities. C．It relied on human divers’ repeated searches. D．It found some previously unseen local fish species. 3．What is one shortcoming of the bioacoustic system? A．It cannot work in bright seawater. B．It is unable to detect soundless sea life. C．It ignores human fishing activities. D．It needs no digital training for users. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．AI Technology Empowers Ocean Conservation B．New Rules for Global Ocean Fishing C．Hidden Marine Habitats Discovered by Divers D．Advanced Ways to Improve Internet Service 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种仿生AI生物声学监测系统，借助水下麦克风与机器学习自动识别海洋物种、大幅降本增效并扩大探测范围，虽有无声生物难识别等局限，仍持续优化以赋能全球海洋生态保护。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“To solve these problems, a modern AI bioacoustics (生物声学的) monitoring system has been developed to boost conservation efficiency. (为了解决这些问题，一种现代AI生物声学监测系统被研发出来以提升保护效率)”以及第二段“Compared with traditional approaches, it reduces survey costs by 62 percent and expands detectable sea areas by over 18 times. (与传统方法相比，它将调查成本降低62%，并将可探测海域扩大超过18倍)”可知，该系统的一个关键优势是使海洋调查变得更加高效。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The AI uncovered three locally extinct fish species, missed by human divers’ annual searches for five years. (人工智能发现了三种当地被认为灭绝的鱼类，这些鱼类在人类潜水员五年的年度搜索中被遗漏)”可知，这次实地研究发现了一些此前人类未曾见到的(被认为已灭绝的)当地鱼类物种。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Nevertheless, the system has two noticeable limitations. It fails to identify silent marine creatures such as shellfish with no acoustic signals. (然而，该系统有两个明显的局限性。它无法识别没有声音信号的无声海洋生物，如贝类)”可知，其短板是无法探测到无声的海洋生物。 4．主旨大意题。文章第一段引出AI生物声学监测系统在海洋保护中的应用，第二、三段介绍了其工作原理、优势和在加纳的成功实践，第四段指出其局限性及解决办法，最后一段总结该AI技术是海洋生态保护的重大突破。全文核心围绕“AI技术如何助力海洋保护”展开，因此“AI技术赋能海洋保护”最适合作为本文标题。 Passage 2 （26-27高三上·广西柳州·阶段检测）The Turquoise Coast is one of Turkey’s natural wonders. But in recent years, the area has become severely damaged due to overfishing. An effort to restore the area is in progress, thanks to Zafer Kizilkaya, president and founder of the Mediterranean Conservation Society. He successfully persuaded the Turkish government to build a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) covering more than 300 miles along the Mediterranean coast. Kizilkaya’s mission began in 2007, following a diving adventure in Gōkova Bay, a 62-mile-long gulf in the center of the Turquoise Coast. He had returned to his native Turkey after several years working as a researcher and underwater photographer in Indonesia and was shocked by the marine degradation. According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization, the Mediterranean is the world’s most overfished sea. Realizing the seriousness of the problem, he decided to take action at once and try to persuade local fishers. Getting the support of fishers was the biggest challenge, but because of the dire situation, some started to listen. In 2012, Kizilkaya established Turkey’s first community-managed MPA in Gōkova Bay. He trained local fishers as marine rangers who could monitor the waters for illegal fishing and send alerts to the Turkish Coast Guard. Thanks to his work, Gōkova Bay’s marine ecosystem has made a great comeback. According to the ocean protection charity Blue Marine Foundation, the number of fish per square meter has increased ten times since 2012 and incomes for local fishers have increased 400%. “Gōkova Bay became a great example for protecting the ocean,” says Kizilkaya. His success helped him persuade the Turkish government to spread the MPA network southeastward along 310 miles of Turkish coastline. “I’d like to see MPAs established across Turkey and the entire Mediterranean, and I hope my work has opened people’s eyes to the crisis underwater and what we can do to solve it,” Kizilkaya adds. 1．What can we know about the Turquoise Coast? A．Its ecosystem has been damaged. B．The coast is too large to be protected. C．The water in that area is seriously polluted. D．It is the most famous tourist attraction in Turkey. 2．What does the underlined word “dire” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Controllable. B．Impressive. C．Terrible. D．Influential. 3．How did Kizilkaya protect the Gōkova Bay? A．Working with the local fishers. B．Helping the coast guard catch bad people. C．Monitoring the illegal fishing in person. D．Increasing the incomes of local fishers. 4．Which of the following best describes Kizilkaya? A．Humorous and warm-hearted. B．Determined and eco-conscious. C．Independent and long-sighted. D．Persevering and open-minded. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】文章主要说明了土耳其绿松石海岸遭过度捕捞破坏。Kizilkaya自2007年着手保护，建立社区管理海洋保护区，成效显著，还推动政府扩大保护区网络。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But in recent years, the area has become severely damaged due to overfishing.(但近年来，该地区因过度捕捞而遭到严重破坏)”可知，Turquoise Coast的生态系统已经遭到破坏。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段前文提到的“the Mediterranean is the world’s most overfished sea(地中海是世界上过度捕捞最严重的海域)”以及“Realizing the seriousness of the problem(意识到问题的严重性)”可知，当时的海洋生态情况非常糟糕。因此，正是因为这种“极其严重/可怕的（dire）”情况，渔民们才开始听取他的建议。划线词dire意为“可怕的，极其严重的”。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“He trained local fishers as marine rangers who could monitor the waters for illegal fishing and send alerts to the Turkish Coast Guard.(他培训当地渔民成为海洋巡护员，负责监控水域是否存在非法捕捞，并向土耳其海岸警卫队发送警报)”可知，Kizilkaya是通过发动并与当地渔民合作来保护Gōkova Bay的。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Realizing the seriousness of the problem, he decided to take action at once and try to persuade local fishers.(意识到问题的严重性，他决定立即采取行动，试图说服当地的渔民)”以及“In 2012, Kizilkaya established Turkey’s first community-managed MPA in Gōkova Bay.(2012年，基兹尔卡亚在戈科瓦湾建立了土耳其首个由社区管理的海洋保护区)”可知，Kizilkaya在看到海洋生态退化后立即采取行动，克服最大挑战去说服渔民，并成功说服政府建立海洋保护区，这体现了他“坚定的”品质；根据倒数第二段“He trained local fishers as marine rangers who could monitor the waters for illegal fishing and send alerts to the Turkish Coast Guard. Thanks to his work, Gōkova Bay’s marine ecosystem has made a great comeback. According to the ocean protection charity Blue Marine Foundation, the number of fish per square meter has increased ten times since 2012 and incomes for local fishers have increased 400%.(他培训当地渔民成为海洋巡护员，负责监测水域是否存在非法捕捞，并向土耳其海岸警卫队发送警报。得益于他的努力，戈科瓦湾的海洋生态系统已实现显著恢复。据海洋保护慈善组织“蓝色海洋基金会”称，自2012年以来，每平方米的鱼类数量增加了十倍，当地渔民的收入增长了400%)”可知，他全身心致力于恢复和保护海洋生态系统，这体现了他“有生态意识的”特点。 Passage 3 （26-27高三上·湖北十堰·阶段检测）Bees are tiny but powerful heroes of our natural world. They pollinate (授粉) flowers, fruit trees and farm crops. Without bees, many plants could not produce fruits and seeds. Yet city development, pesticide use and limited green space have caused sharp drops in bee populations across many regions. More wild bee species are struggling. As cities spread, wild meadows are cleared to make room for roads and apartment blocks. Homeowners often clear away native wild flowers, favouring neatly cut lawns instead. Chemical pesticides used in parks and private gardens further poison these hard-working insects. For years, few city planners gave a thought to bee survival. In recent years, however, more city-residents have started to take action to help bees. Some citizens plant bee-friendly flowers on balconies and rooftops. Local parks are replacing decorative grass with native wild plants. Some communities even set up small beehives in public gardens, under the guidance of experienced beekeepers. Urban bee projects have brought wonderful results. They help local plants grow better and improve city biodiversity. Many local children get a chance to watch bees closely and learn about plant-insect relationships. These projects also raise public awareness of wildlife protection. Experts remind us that city bee projects need careful planning. Poisonous chemical pesticides must be avoided completely. People should pick local plant species, not foreign ones. We do not need large wild areas. Even small pieces of green space can offer safe homes for bees. Small efforts in cities can support bee recovery. When ordinary people join together, they can make urban spaces friendlier not only for bees, but for all sorts of wildlife. 1．What is one of the causes of the sharp decline in bee populations? A．Fewer beekeepers. B．Urban development. C．Too many native flowers. D．Recovery of urban wildlife. 2．How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By listing results. B．By making comparisons. C．By giving examples. D．By quoting sayings. 3．What does the author imply about small green spaces in cities? A．They can effectively help bee survival. B．They are ineffective for wildlife protection. C．They should be turned into farmland. D．They cannot replace wild meadows. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Disappearance of Wild Insects B．Introducing Bees to Improve Biodiversity C．Bringing Bees Back to Our City D．The Importance of Pesticide Ban 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】主要讲述城市蜜蜂数量锐减，人们采取多种举措助力蜜蜂在城市生存。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet city development, pesticide use and limited green space have caused sharp drops in bee populations across many regions. (然而城市发展、农药使用以及绿地不足，已造成许多地区蜜蜂数量急剧下降。)” 可知，城市发展是蜜蜂数量锐减的原因之一。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some citizens plant bee-friendly flowers on balconies and rooftops. Local parks are replacing decorative grass with native wild plants. Some communities even set up small beehives in public gardens, under the guidance of experienced beekeepers. (一些市民在阳台和屋顶种植对蜜蜂有益的花卉。当地公园用本土野生植物替换观赏草。一些社区甚至在经验丰富的养蜂人的指导下，在公共花园设置小型蜂箱。)” 可知，本段列举市民、公园、社区的做法，是举例子的写作方式。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“We do not need large wild areas. Even small pieces of green space can offer safe homes for bees. (我们不需要大片荒野区域。即使小块绿地也能为蜜蜂提供安全的家园。)” 可推断，城市里的小块绿地能够有效帮助蜜蜂存活。 4．主旨大意题。文章首先指出了城市化等因素导致蜜蜂数量下降的问题，随后重点介绍了城市居民为帮助蜜蜂生存所采取的各项行动（如种花、设蜂箱等）及其带来的良好效果，最后呼吁大家共同努力让城市对蜜蜂更友好。因此，“把蜜蜂带回我们的城市”为最佳标题。 本题以深海“暗氧”的前沿科学探索为背景，融合英语、化学、生物学和海洋科学知识。引导学生了解科学家从意外发现、提出疑问到开展实验验证的探究过程，认识科学研究中实证精神与质疑精神的重要性，并辩证思考深海资源开发与生态环境保护之间的关系，培养科学思维、批判性思维及可持续发展意识。 （25-26高二下·陕西咸阳·期末）For centuries, it was believed that the production of oxygen relied on photosynthesis (光合作用). Plants use sunlight to turn CO2 into oxygen, as we all know. However, the discovery of dark oxygen produced in environments with little or no sunlight challenges this long-held assumption. In 2013, Scottish scientist Andrew made this discovery by accident while conducting deep-sea mining research. He measured rising levels of oxygen as he went deeper. He could not help thinking his measuring devices were incorrect and dismissed the reading entirely, as he assumed the only way to produce oxygen was through photosynthesis. With no light source, it seemed impossible that oxygen could exist on the deep seabed, one of the coldest and darkest places on the Earth. However, over the last 10 years, Andrew’s team have been conducting more marine experiments. They enclosed a section of the seabed within a space and measured the oxygen levels over time. They also expected a reduction in the levels of oxygen due to consumption by organisms (生物、有机体). However, oxygen levels consistently increased, proving that oxygen was being produced in the dark depths of the ocean. In fact, in some experiments, oxygen levels rose to more than three times the background concentration. One potential explanation for the increased oxygen levels is the existence of polymetallic nodules (多金属结核), which use an electric charge to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. This could revolutionize deep-sea mining primarily because these polymetallic nodules contain metals which are essential for everyday life, especially for batteries. Mining companies view the metals as a new, highly sought-after resource. However, the production of this dark oxygen may be vital for deep-sea ecosystems, yet disturbing this process could be harmful to species relying on it. Hence, it is wise to take caution and properly weigh the costs and benefits of deep-sea mining. “This discovery tells us that nature still has countless secrets to explore,” said Andrew. 1．Why did Andrew first dismiss his discovery in 2013? A．His team lacked enough funding. B．His equipment stopped working. C．It went against accepted science. D．It was made in a wrong season. 2．How did Andrew’s team prove oxygen production in the deep sea? A．By using a new larger research ship. B．By adding more CO2 to the water samples. C．By removing part of the sea creatures. D．By tracking oxygen shifts in an enclosed area. 3．What does the underlined word “sought-after” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Completely useless. B．Environmentally friendly. C．Easily produced. D．Widely popular. 4．What is Andrew’s attitude towards the discovery of dark oxygen? A．He finds it a proof of nature’s mysteries. B．He considers it a danger to sea species. C．He doubts its value for further research. D．He thinks it a reminder to limit mining. 【新情境＋跨学科＋新考查视角】以深海“暗氧”这一具有探索性的科学现象为情境，融合化学、生物学及海洋资源开发知识。第1题考查对传统认知与新发现之间矛盾的理解，第2题考查实验验证方法的分析，体现科学探究过程与英语阅读能力的结合。 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了“暗氧”的发现，这一发现挑战了氧气只能通过光合作用产生的传统观念，并探讨了其对深海采矿的启示。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2013, Scottish scientist Andrew made this discovery by accident while conducting deep-sea mining research. He measured rising levels of oxygen as he went deeper. He could not help thinking his measuring devices were incorrect and dismissed the reading entirely, as he assumed the only way to produce oxygen was through photosynthesis. (2013年，苏格兰科学家安德鲁在进行深海采矿研究时偶然发现了这一点。他测量到，随着他下潜越深，氧气水平不断上升。他不禁认为自己的测量仪器有误，并完全否定了这一读数，因为他认为产生氧气的唯一途径是光合作用)”可知，Andrew最初无视他的发现是因为它与公认的科学相悖。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They enclosed a section of the seabed within a space and measured the oxygen levels over time. They also expected a reduction in the levels of oxygen due to consumption by organisms (生物、有机体). However, oxygen levels consistently increased, proving that oxygen was being produced in the dark depths of the ocean. (他们将一片海床区域封闭在一个空间内，并定时测量氧气水平。他们原本预期，由于微生物的消耗，氧气水平会下降。然而，氧气水平却持续上升，证明在黑暗的海洋深处正在产生氧气)”可知，Andrew的团队通过追踪封闭区域内氧气的变化来证明深海中的氧气产生。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“This could revolutionize deep-sea mining primarily because these polymetallic nodules contain metals which are essential for everyday life, especially for batteries. Mining companies view the metals as a new, highly sought-after resource.(这可能从根本上改变深海采矿的现状，主要是因为这些多金属结核含有日常生活中必不可少的金属，尤其是用于制造电池的金属。矿业公司将这些金属视为一种新的、备受sought-after的资源)”可知，这些金属在日常生活中必不可少，尤其对电池制造至关重要，是被追捧的的资源；故sought-after意为“受欢迎的；被追捧的”，与“Widely popular”同义。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Andrew的话“This discovery tells us that nature still has countless secrets to explore (这一发现告诉我们，大自然仍有无数秘密等待探索)”可知，Andrew认为这一发现是大自然神秘性的证明。 本题以社交媒体时代的科学传播研究为背景，将英语阅读与心理学、传播学及人工智能知识有机融合。引导学生理解不同幽默表达方式对科学传播效果的影响，并通过分析实验设计、研究结果及作者观点，发展逻辑推理能力、批判性思维和科学探究意识，提升数字时代的信息辨析能力。 （26-27高二上·辽宁营口·开学考试）Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a light-hearted tone might reduce their authority (权威) and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy. Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional (虚构的) scientist, Dr Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison. Over 2,200 participants viewed these posts in an online experiment. They rated how funny the content was, how much they liked the scientist, and how credible the information seemed. Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist. “Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures. The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science. In today’s fast-paced digital world, humor could help scientists stand out on social media. Funny posts may attract more viewers, make tough topics easier to understand, and build public trust. The key is balancing fun with facts: Light-hearted jokes don’t weaken authority but create friendly, memorable connections. Frank’s team hopes their findings encourage scientists to experiment with humor. As one participant noted, “A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.” 1．What aspect of the research does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Its design. B．Its purpose. C．Its value. D．Its background. 2．What does the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Be natural. B．Be effective. C．Make people laugh. D．Have the opposite result. 3．According to the study, what kind of humor is recommended for scientists? A．Jokes that target individuals. B．Playful comparisons and gentle jokes. C．Making fun of technology failures. D．Using complex ideas to create humor. 4．What is the author’s main purpose of writing the text? A．To present a study on scientific humor. B．To classify different styles of humor. C．To suggest ways to attract online readers. D．To warn against inappropriate humor. 【新情境＋跨学科＋新考查视角】以人工智能科普和社交媒体传播为新情境，融合心理学、传播学与信息技术。第1题要求识别实验设计，第2题要求结合语境推断词义，体现对科学研究过程和语篇逻辑的综合考查。 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】文章主要讲述研究表明恰当温和的幽默能拉近科学家与公众距离、提升可信度，刻薄玩笑则适得其反，合适幽默还利于科普传播、收获大众认可。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。第二段“Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional (虚构的) scientist, Dr Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison.(这项由佐治亚大学的Alexandra Lynn Frank牵头的研究，通过社交媒体测试了幽默在科学传播中的作用。研究团队创作了由虚构科学家Jamie Devon博士发布的、分享人工智能相关漫画的帖子。这些帖子采用了三种幽默风格：有趣的类比（例如将机器人赋予人类特征）、对技术的刻薄玩笑，或两者结合。部分帖子则未使用幽默元素作为对比)”主要描述了研究的具体设计，包括虚构科学家、社交媒体帖子、幽默风格分类以及对照组设置，因此对应“设计”（design）。其他选项（目的、价值、背景）均未在段落中体现。 2．词句猜测题。根据上文“If the audience doesn’t find it funny(如果观众觉得不好笑)”和下文“For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures.(例如，有趣的卡通比取笑技术故障效果更好)”可知，如果观众觉得不好笑，幽默可能产生相反效果，即导致不信任。因此backfire指“产生相反的结果”，与Have the opposite result一致。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics)(有趣的类比（例如将机器人赋予人类特征）)”和第三段中“Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist.(结果显示，以轻松积极的方式展现幽默——比如将AI描绘成一个好奇地提问的机器人——能让科学家显得更亲切，同时使研究结果更具可信度。然而，刻薄或不友好的玩笑会降低人们对科学家的信任)”以及第五段中“The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation.(这项研究建议科学家应避免针对个人的尖锐玩笑，相反，能够简化复杂概念的温和幽默——比如把气候变化比作地球“发烧”——能够激发兴趣，抵制错误信息)”可知，原文指出“light, positive humor”如“playful comparisons”和“gentle humor”被推荐，同时明确反对“mean jokes”和“targeting individuals”。因此“有趣的比较与温和的玩笑”正确。 4．推理判断题。文章开篇“Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a light-hearted tone might reduce their authority (权威) and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy.(政客常通过幽默来赢得公众支持，但科学家传统上会避免开玩笑，担心轻松的语气会削弱其权威性，进而降低其研究成果的可信度。一项新研究挑战了这一观点，表明恰当运用幽默实际上能提升科学家的亲和力，并增强其研究的可信度)”提出关于科学家使用幽默的传统观点，随后介绍一项新研究挑战该观点，并详细阐述研究过程、结果及建议，核心目的是呈现这项关于科学幽默的研究，而非单纯分类、建议或警告。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $