考前押题01 单句语法填空(期中专项训练)高二英语上学期外研版

2026-10-13
| 2份
| 35页
| 25人阅读
| 0人下载

内容正文:

考前押题 01 单句语法填空 考点1 非限制性定语从句(常考点) 考点2 动名词与不定式作宾语(常考点) 考点3 动名词作主语 考点4 不定式、动名词与过去分词作表语 考点5 过去完成时(难点) 考点6 现在完成进行时(难点) ① 核心通法:通读句意 → 分析结构 → 判断词性 → 确定形式 → 复查验证。 ② 有提示词:定词性,变形式 ③ 无提示词:析结构,补虚词(代词、冠词、连接词、介词和助动词等) ④ 检查验证:三看(看结构、看语法、看逻辑)一读(读全句) ⑤ 解题口诀:有提示,重变形;无提示,重结构;动词先辨谓非谓,填后复查形意合。 考点1 非限制性定语从句(共15题) ① 先看先行词与从句之间是否用逗号隔开: 有逗号 → 非限制性定语从句,不能用 that,关系词作宾语时不能省略。 无逗号 → 一般为限制性定语从句。 ② 核心:逗号是关键;that 不用于非限制性定语从句。 1.The comedian, we had waited for an hour, finally appeared. (用适当的词填空) 2.People sit on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of have been read hundreds of times. (用适当的词填空) 3.We entered the waiting area, there was a familiar atmosphere of boredom. (用适当的词填空) 4.The scientist, research focuses on environmental protection, has won widespread praise from the public. (用适当的词填空) 5.She got promoted yesterday, exceeded everyone’s expectation. (用适当的词填空) 6.I speak with the on-duty nurse, tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital. (用适当的词填空) 7. is reported in the newspaper, the new policy will benefit local residents. (用适当的词填空) 8. we can see from the data, living standards have greatly improved in recent years. (用适当的词填空) 9.The ancient castle, lies on the top of the mountain, attracts thousands of tourists every year. (用适当的词填空) 10.He moved to a remote mountain village, he built a simple library for local children. (用适当的词填空) 11.Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (用适当的词填空) 12.An expert in Chinese character culture has been invited to the campus, major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. (用适当的词填空) 13.We often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood, flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of. (用适当的词填空) 14.She’s been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, ultimately led her to getting surgery. (用适当的词填空) 15.The report shows that many children in year 7 — the first year of secondary school, almost everyone in the class will have a phone and be active on social media - feel under pressure to be constantly connected. (用适当的词填空) 考点2 动名词与不定式作宾语(共15题) ① 先看谓语动词的固定搭配: 只能接动名词(doing):enjoy,avoid,finish,mind,suggest,practice等。 只能接不定式(to do):want,hope,decide,refuse,agree,promise等。 两者都可接,但意义不同:remember,forget,regret,stop,try等,根据语境判断先后或目的。 两者都可接且意义基本相同:like,love,hate,begin,start等。 ② 核心:先判动词搭配,再看语境;不要单凭“中文意思”判断。 1.Many students long (acquire) more knowledge from after-school activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2.We meant (finish) the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us back. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3.They consider it important (advance) the growth of local cultural industries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4.The little boy couldn’t help (cry) when he heard the news. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5.Don’t forget (fill) in the form if you want to enter for the coming speech contest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6.The students in front of me talked so loudly that I had to struggle (hear). (所给词的适当形式填空) 7.We consider it our duty (protect) the environment around us. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8.When he noticed his classmates staring at him, he pretended (listen) carefully to the lecture so that no one would find he was absent-minded. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9.I can’t wait (quit) my boring routine and return to my original simple life peacefully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10.IShowSpeed’s China adventures demonstrate how individual content creators can bridge cultural divides in ways traditional diplomacy often fails (achieve) .(所给词的适当形式填空) 11.National parks tend (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12.The brave boy prefers (solve) problems by himself rather than ask for others’ help.(所给词的适当形式填空) 13.Many young people choose (pursue) further education abroad to broaden their horizons and gain international experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14.He intends (balance) his work and personal life by setting strict boundaries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15.For personal reasons, the artist declined (embrace) the commercial aspects of the art world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点3 动名词作主语(共15题) ① 一看位置,二判含义,三定谓语。 看位置:句首缺主语,表示经常性、习惯性或抽象行为时,优先考虑动名词(doing)。 判含义:主动用 doing,被动用 being done;否定形式为 not doing。 定谓语:单个动名词(短语)作主语,谓语动词通常用第三人称单数。 识句型:牢记 It is no use/good doing sth. 等固定句型。 ② 速记口诀:动作作主语,动词加-ing;主动被动要分清,谓语单数记心中。 1. (spend) too much time online makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2. (follow) in one of the parents’ footsteps is really what is expected but Jack’s choice is really beyond everyone’s expectations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3.It is no use (complain) about low scores without adjusting your review methods.(所给词的适当形式填空) 4.It’s a waste of money (buy) things you don’t need. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5. (know) how to solve the problem made him worried. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6. (laugh) at in public was an embarrassing experience for him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7. (receive) proper training before starting the job is essential for every new employee. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8. (discuss) with classmates helps solve problems quickly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9.So (master) English means we can see the world through a new window. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10.There is no use (cry) over spilt milk. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11. (reflect) on past mistakes helps us take better protective measures now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12. (addict) to short-video apps makes many students find it hard to focus on their studies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13. (accustom) to speaking in public is what the position of Sales Director is required. 14.Now, he says that (overcome) the initial anxiety was a valuable lesson in self-growth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15.According to recent research, (realise) information is digitally available weakens people’s ability to recall it.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点4 不定式、动名词与过去分词作表语(共15题) ① 先看主语与表语的关系: to do → 表示将要做、目的或具体行为,强调动作。 doing → 表示做某事这件事/行为本身,强调动作本身。 done → 表示被动或状态,强调主语所处的状态。 ② 核心:判断主语与表语是“做事、做这件事,还是处于被动状态”。 1.At the sight of the strict headmaster, the naughty boy was (frighten) and didn’t dare to make any noise. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2.Not having finished the programme on time, the manager and his team seemed (embarrass) at the important meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3.We should improve our study methods and get well (prepare)for examinations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4.What he will do is (offer) practical support for the homeless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5.Her dream is (set) up a community library for children in remote villages. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6.He felt (stress out) about the tough work, so he decided to go hiking on weekends for relaxation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7.Getting increasingly (absorb) in the novel, he didn’t realize it was midnight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8.I feel (honour) to be here to give you a lecture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9.It’s nine o’clock. He remains (sleep) in bed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10.The investigation concluded that poor management was (blame) for the accident, not the equipment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11.She worked hard for three years and finally got (admit) to her dream university. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12.My ambition is (succeed) in my career and give it my very best. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13.I feel (cheat) really. I was meant to go to France and now it’s only Leeds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14.In its history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got (stick). (所给词的适当形式填空) 15.In all his life, Qian Xuesen was (commit) to doing his research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点5 过去完成时(共15题) ① 一找参照,二判先后,三定结构。 找参照:寻找句中的过去时间或过去动作,确定时间参照点。 判先后:表示“过去的过去”,即在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作,用过去完成时。 定结构:基本结构为 had + 过去分词(done)。 抓标志:关注 by、before、when、by the time 等时间线索,结合动作先后判断时态。 ② 速记口诀: 过去之前已完成,had done 结构要记清;时间先后是关键,不能只凭标志定。 1.By the time he graduated from college, he (publish) at least three books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2.By the end of last autumn, the conservation workers (restore) dozens of ancient architectural relics. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3.The ancient city (stand) at the foot of the mountain for over 1,000 years before a violent earthquake destroyed it completely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4.It was the third time that he (beat) black and blue. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5.The army (resist) the invading force for three months before they surrendered. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6.The government claimed that it (take) all necessary measures to prevent such disasters.(所给词的适当形式填空) 7.He suspected that the birds (evolve) from a common ancestor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8.The meeting (start) when we arrived, so we missed the beginning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9.It was the first time that she (encounter) such a huge animal in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10.By the time humans arrived on the island, some native species (already/decline) in numbers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11.She claimed that she (read) plenty of reference materials relevant to the controversial social phenomenon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12.I (hope) to participate in the seminar, but I was tied up with a series of urgent meetings. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13.When the journalist rushed to the spot, the witnesses (leave), leaving few useful clues. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14.The local government didn’t carry out the reconstruction project until experts (evaluate) all possible safety risks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15.She looked at me as if she (respond) to my question long before I even asked it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考点6 现在完成进行时(共15题) ① 先看动作是否从过去开始,一直持续到现在,且可能还在继续,强调持续性和过程: have/has been doing → “一直在做……” 常与 for、since、all day、recently、lately 等连用。 ② 核心:过去开始+持续到现在+强调过程 → 现在完成进行时。 1.He (work) on this grammar research project for nearly two years, and he will continue to polish his paper next term.(所给词的适当形式填空) 2.The police (search) for the missing tourist in the mountain area since early morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3.I (starve) all day because I skipped breakfast. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4.Her eyes look tired because she (sort) learning materials the whole morning.(所给词的适当形式填空) 5.We (distribute) relief supplies all weekend, yet we still haven’t finished everything, so we have to keep going next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6.Since June 2017, I (help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7.I (try) to contact the service center all day, but no one picks up the phone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8.The secretary (type) reports all the afternoon, but there are still two reports to finish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9.She (study) English day and night this year to be a qualified editor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10.They (do) their lessons for an hour, but they have finished only half. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11.Jack (miss) from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12.The number of private cars in major cities (increase) at an alarming rate, which has led to severe traffic congestion and air pollution. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13.My brother (study) in this university for three years, and he will graduate next summer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14.We (discuss) the plan for the English speech contest recently, and we will make a decision tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15.She (write) emails to her foreign friends all afternoon, and she still has two more to finish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 本题以浙江地域文化与数字创新融合为背景,通过“诗意江南”与“活力浙江”的双重形象,展现传统文化与现代科技协调发展的时代特征。考查学生在文化主题语境中准确运用非谓语动词的能力,同时引导学生理解地域文化的独特价值,增强用英语介绍中国文化与科技创新成果的意识。 1. Vice-president Han Xu adds that Bamboo Rhyme seeks (express) Zhejiang’s dual (双重的) identity — Poetic Jiangnan and Dynamic Zhejiang — where cultural depth meets digital innovation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 本题以获取申请结果这一实际交际情境为背景,要求学生根据事件发生的先后顺序及主谓之间的逻辑关系,综合判断词性转换、过去完成时和被动语态。重点考查学生在具体语境中整合多项语法知识、分析时间逻辑及准确表达事件关系的能力,体现语言运用的准确性和思维的逻辑性。 2.He rushed to the office, only to be informed that his application (rejection). (所给词的适当形式填空) 本题以学习与休息的合理平衡为切入点,将英语语法考查与学生心理健康、自我管理和科学学习方式相结合。引导学生认识劳逸结合的重要性,树立健康的学习观念,培养自我调节能力与科学安排学习生活的意识。同时要求学生综合分析句子结构,正确判断动名词作主语和不定式作补足成分的用法,体现语言知识的综合运用能力。 3. (balance) study and relaxation proves (enhance) overall well-being significantly. (所给词的适当形式填空) / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 考前押题 01 单句语法填空 考点1 非限制性定语从句(常考点) 考点2 动名词与不定式作宾语(常考点) 考点3 动名词作主语 考点4 不定式、动名词与过去分词作表语 考点5 过去完成时(难点) 考点6 现在完成进行时(难点) ① 核心通法:通读句意 → 分析结构 → 判断词性 → 确定形式 → 复查验证。 ② 有提示词:定词性,变形式 ③ 无提示词:析结构,补虚词(代词、冠词、连接词、介词和助动词等) ④ 检查验证:三看(看结构、看语法、看逻辑)一读(读全句) ⑤ 解题口诀:有提示,重变形;无提示,重结构;动词先辨谓非谓,填后复查形意合。 考点1 非限制性定语从句(共15题) ① 先看先行词与从句之间是否用逗号隔开: 有逗号 → 非限制性定语从句,不能用 that,关系词作宾语时不能省略。 无逗号 → 一般为限制性定语从句。 ② 核心:逗号是关键;that 不用于非限制性定语从句。 1.The comedian, we had waited for an hour, finally appeared. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for whom 【知识点】wait for、“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:我们等了这位喜剧演员一个小时,他终于出现了。“______ we had waited for an hour”为非限制性定语从句,先行词是The comedian,指人,固定搭配wait for 表示“等待”,定语从句中介词for提前,关系代词作for的宾语,用whom。 注意“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的选择不能只看先行词,而要看定语从句中的动词或形容词搭配。本题中容易误填who或whom,忽略了wait for是固定搭配,介词for不能省略,因此应填for whom。另外,先行词指人时,介词后只能用whom,不能用who;若介词不提前,则可写成whom/that/who(口语中),如The comedian who/whom/that we had waited for finally appeared.。 2.People sit on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of have been read hundreds of times. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:人们坐在塑料椅子上翻阅旧杂志,这些杂志全都已经被看过数百遍了。“all of ______ have been read hundreds of times”为非限制性定语从句,先行词是old magazines,指物,关系词作介词of的宾语,用which。 3.We entered the waiting area, there was a familiar atmosphere of boredom. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【知识点】where引导的非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:我们进入等候区,那里弥漫着熟悉的沉闷气息。本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the waiting area,表示地点,关系词代替先行词在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,用where。 4.The scientist, research focuses on environmental protection, has won widespread praise from the public. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【知识点】whose引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:这位科学家的研究专注于环境保护,赢得了公众的广泛赞誉。此处引导非限定性定语从句,先行词是scientist,关系词在从句中作research的定语,应用关系代词whose引导。 5.She got promoted yesterday, exceeded everyone’s expectation. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【知识点】which引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:她昨天升职了,这超出了所有人的预期。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰上文句子,从句缺少主语,需用关系代词which。 6.I speak with the on-duty nurse, tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【知识点】who引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:我和值班护士交谈,她告诉我劳拉的父母急忙把她送到了医院。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the onduty nurse,指人,从句缺少主语,故用关系代词who。 7. is reported in the newspaper, the new policy will benefit local residents. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【知识点】as引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:正如报纸所报道的,这项新政策将使当地居民受益。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰后面整个主句内容,表示“正如,正像”,用As引导。 注意as引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词不是某个具体名词,而是整个主句内容,意为“正如,正像”。本题中容易误填 which,因为二者都可以指代前面的句子,但含义和位置用法不同:as常用于句首,表示“正如……所说/所示”,且与report, know, expect, say, mention 等动词搭配较多;which一般用于句中或句末,表示“这一点”。因此,“正如报纸报道的”固定表达应使用As is reported in the newspaper,不能用Which。 8. we can see from the data, living standards have greatly improved in recent years. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【知识点】as引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:正如我们从数据中可以看到的,近年来生活水平已经大幅提高。此处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少宾语,所以使用关系代词,表示“正如、正像”,指代后面整个主句内容,所以使用关系代词as,置于句首首字母大写。 9.The ancient castle, lies on the top of the mountain, attracts thousands of tourists every year. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【知识点】which引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:这座坐落在山顶的古堡每年吸引成千上万的游客。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词the ancient castle指物,关系代词在从句中充当主语,所以使用关系代词which。 10.He moved to a remote mountain village, he built a simple library for local children. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【知识点】where引导的非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:他搬到了一个偏远的山村,在那里他为当地的孩子们建了一座简易图书馆。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词a remote mountain village表示地点,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where。 11.Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【知识点】who、who引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:莎拉曾与顶级模特同台演出,她希望证明自己不仅拥有美貌,也具备智慧。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Sarah(指人),从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词who引导。 12.An expert in Chinese character culture has been invited to the campus, major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【知识点】whose引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:一位汉字文化专家被邀请到校园,其主要责任是教学生如何使用古代印刷技术。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作定语,与major responsibility为所属关系,应用whose引导。 13.We often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood, flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【知识点】whose引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:我们常常将鸡汤与快乐的童年联系在一起,其味道也与被关爱的感觉紧密相连。引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词chicken soup,在从句作定语,用whose引导。 14.She’s been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, ultimately led her to getting surgery. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【知识点】which引导非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:她一直饱受进食障碍和各类健康问题的困扰,这些状况最终促使她接受手术。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰主句,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。 15.The report shows that many children in year 7 — the first year of secondary school, almost everyone in the class will have a phone and be active on social media - feel under pressure to be constantly connected. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【知识点】when引导的非限制性定语从句 【详解】句意:报告显示,许多七年级(初中第一年)的孩子承受着必须时刻保持在线的压力 —— 在这个阶段,班上几乎人人都有手机,且活跃在社交媒体上。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是 the first year of secondary school(初中第一年,表时间),关系词在从句中作时间状语,因此用关系副词when引导。 考点2 动名词与不定式作宾语(共15题) ① 先看谓语动词的固定搭配: 只能接动名词(doing):enjoy,avoid,finish,mind,suggest,practice等。 只能接不定式(to do):want,hope,decide,refuse,agree,promise等。 两者都可接,但意义不同:remember,forget,regret,stop,try等,根据语境判断先后或目的。 两者都可接且意义基本相同:like,love,hate,begin,start等。 ② 核心:先判动词搭配,再看语境;不要单凭“中文意思”判断。 1.Many students long (acquire) more knowledge from after-school activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to acquire 【知识点】acquire、不定式作宾语 【详解】句意:许多学生渴望从课外活动中获取更多的知识。long to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“渴望做某事”,后接不定式to acquire作宾语。 2.We meant (finish) the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us back. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to finish 【知识点】finish、不定式作宾语 【详解】句意:我们本打算天黑前完成这项工作,但是大雨耽搁了我们。mean to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“打算/意欲做某事”,此处不定式作宾语。 3.They consider it important (advance) the growth of local cultural industries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to advance 【知识点】advance、不定式作宾语、不定式的一般式:to+动词原形 【详解】句意:他们认为推动当地文化产业的发展十分重要。consider + it + 形容词 + to do sth为固定结构,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式to advance。 4.The little boy couldn’t help (cry) when he heard the news. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】crying 【知识点】cry、动名词作宾语、固定句型 【详解】句意:小男孩听到这个消息忍不住哭了。固定搭配couldn’t help doing sth意为“忍不住做某事,情不自禁做某事”,所以cry变为动名词。 5.Don’t forget (fill) in the form if you want to enter for the coming speech contest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to fill 【知识点】fill in、不定式作宾语 【详解】句意:如果你想报名参加即将到来的演讲比赛,别忘了填写这份表格。固定搭配forget to do sth.意为“忘记要去做某事(事情还未做)”;forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”,此处表示动作还没有发生,所以使用动词不定式形式to fill作宾语。 6.The students in front of me talked so loudly that I had to struggle (hear). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to hear 【知识点】hear、不定式作宾语 【详解】句意:我前面的学生说话声音太大,我得费力才能听清。 此处考查固定搭配struggle to do sth.,表示“费力/尽力做某事”,此处用不定式to hear作宾语。 7.We consider it our duty (protect) the environment around us. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to protect 【知识点】protect、不定式作宾语 【详解】句意:我们认为保护我们周边的环境是我们的责任。consider it +名词+to do为固定结构,it为形式宾语,动词不定式短语to protect the environment around us在句中作真正的宾语。 8.When he noticed his classmates staring at him, he pretended (listen) carefully to the lecture so that no one would find he was absent-minded. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be listening 【知识点】listen、不定式作宾语、不定式的进行式:to be doing 【详解】句意:当他发现同学们都在盯着他看时,他假装正在认真听课,以免有人发现他走神了。pretend to do“假装做某事”是固定搭配,不定式作宾语,结合“When he noticed his classmates staring at him”可知,此处表示动作正在进行,应用不定式的进行式to be doing。 注意pretend后接不定式作宾语,常见结构为pretend to do sth.(假装做某事)。本题中容易误填to listen,忽略了动作发生的时间关系。根据句意可知,他发现同学盯着自己时,假装“正在听课”,表示不定式动作与谓语动作 同时进行,因此要用不定式的进行式to be doing。另外,pretend to be doing表示“假装正在做某事”,而pretend to have done表示“假装已经做过某事”,要根据动作发生的先后关系判断。故应填to be listening。 9.I can’t wait (quit) my boring routine and return to my original simple life peacefully. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to quit 【知识点】quit、不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我迫不及待想要摆脱枯燥的日常,平静地回归原本简单的生活。can’t wait to do sth.是固定用法,意为“迫不及待做某事”,后面需接动词不定式。故填to quit。 10.IShowSpeed’s China adventures demonstrate how individual content creators can bridge cultural divides in ways traditional diplomacy often fails (achieve) .(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to achieve 【知识点】achieve、不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:IshowSpeed的中国之旅表明,个人内容创作者能够以传统外交往往难以实现的方式,架起跨越文化鸿沟的桥梁。fail to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“未能做某事”,所以此处应用动词achieve的不定式形式作宾语。故填to achieve。 11.National parks tend (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to catch 【知识点】catch(caught caught)、不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:国家公园往往会因为其广阔的面积和丰富的多样性而吸引我们的注意力。固定搭配tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事、倾向于做某事”,此处应用动词不定式,作宾语。故填to catch。 12.The brave boy prefers (solve) problems by himself rather than ask for others’ help.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to solve 【知识点】solve、不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个勇敢的男孩宁愿自己解决问题,也不愿寻求别人的帮助。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.为固定短语,意为“宁愿做某事,也不愿做某事”,所以空处需用动词不定式to solve作宾语。故填to solve。 13.Many young people choose (pursue) further education abroad to broaden their horizons and gain international experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to pursue 【知识点】pursue、不定式作宾语 【详解】考查不定式作宾语。句意:许多年轻人选择出国深造以拓宽视野并获取国际经验。动词choose后接不定式作宾语,构成choose to do sth.结构,意为“选择做某事”,故填to pursue。 14.He intends (balance) his work and personal life by setting strict boundaries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to balance 【知识点】balance、不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他打算设定严格的界限来平衡工作和个人生活。intend to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“打算做某事”,所以空处需用动词balance“平衡”的不定式,作宾语。故填to balance。 15.For personal reasons, the artist declined (embrace) the commercial aspects of the art world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to embrace 【知识点】不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于个人原因,这位艺术家拒绝接受艺术界的商业方面。“decline to do sth.”为固定搭配,意为“拒绝做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故填to embrace。 考点3 动名词作主语(共15题) ① 一看位置,二判含义,三定谓语。 看位置:句首缺主语,表示经常性、习惯性或抽象行为时,优先考虑动名词(doing)。 判含义:主动用 doing,被动用 being done;否定形式为 not doing。 定谓语:单个动名词(短语)作主语,谓语动词通常用第三人称单数。 识句型:牢记 It is no use/good doing sth. 等固定句型。 ② 速记口诀:动作作主语,动词加-ing;主动被动要分清,谓语单数记心中。 1. (spend) too much time online makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Spending 【知识点】spend(spent spent)、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:花费太多时间上网会让人很难专注于生活中的其他事情。空处作主语,需用动名词形式spending,位于句首,首字母需大写。 2. (follow) in one of the parents’ footsteps is really what is expected but Jack’s choice is really beyond everyone’s expectations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Following 【知识点】follow、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:继承父母中一方的职业确实是众望所归,但杰克的选择真的出乎所有人的意料。空处作主语,需用动名词形式;空处位于句首,首字母需大写。 3.It is no use (complain) about low scores without adjusting your review methods.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】complaining 【知识点】动名词作主语、固定句型 【详解】句意:不调整复习方法却抱怨分数低是没有用的。此处考查固定句型 It is no use doing sth.,表示“做某事没用”,需要用动名词作真正主语,所以应填complaining。 4.It’s a waste of money (buy) things you don’t need. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】buying 【知识点】动名词作主语 【详解】句意:买你不需要的东西是浪费钱。固定句型It’s a waste of money doing sth.意为“做某事是浪费金钱”,it为形式主语;空处应用动名词作真正主语,动词buy意为“买”,动名词形式为buying。 5. (know) how to solve the problem made him worried. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Not knowing 【知识点】know、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:不知道如何解决这个问题让他很焦虑。本句缺少主语,动词不能直接作主语,需要变为动名词形式,根据“made him worried(让他很焦虑)”可知,此处说的是不知道如何解决问题,应使用动名词的否定形式not knowing,句首单词首字母大写。 注意动词作主语时,通常要使用动名词形式(doing),不能直接使用动词原形。本题容易误填Know或Knowing,忽略了句意中的否定含义。根据“让他很焦虑”可知,真正使他担心的是“不知道如何解决问题”,因此需要用动名词的否定形式not knowing。另外,not应放在动名词前构成否定形式,且位于句首时首字母要大写,即Not knowing。 6. (laugh) at in public was an embarrassing experience for him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being laughed 【知识点】laugh、动名词作主语、动名词的被动语态 【详解】句意:在公众面前被嘲笑对他来说是一次尴尬的经历。本句缺少主语,动词不能直接作主语,此处表示被动含义,需用动名词的被动形式being done,所给词laugh的动名词被动形式为Being laughed。 注意动词作主语时要使用动名词形式(doing),若主语与动词之间存在被动关系,则要使用动名词的被动形式(being done)。本题容易误填Laughing,认为“嘲笑”是主动行为,但根据句意可知,他是“被别人嘲笑”,因此应使用被动形式Being laughed at。另外,固定搭配laugh at sb.中的介词at不能遗漏,完整结构为being laughed at(被嘲笑)。 7. (receive) proper training before starting the job is essential for every new employee. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Receiving 【知识点】动名词作主语 【详解】句意:在开始工作之前接受恰当的培训对每一位新员工来说至关重要。此处作句子主语,表示一般行为,动名词receiving符合,置于句首,首字母大写。 8. (discuss) with classmates helps solve problems quickly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Discussing 【知识点】discuss、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:和同学讨论有助于快速解决问题。空格处在句中充当主语,动名词作主语表示经常性、习惯性的动作,位于句首首字母大写。 9.So (master) English means we can see the world through a new window. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】mastering 【知识点】动名词作主语、master’s 【详解】句意:因此,掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一扇新窗户看世界。空处在句中作主语,应用动名词形式;master的动名词形式为mastering。 10.There is no use (cry) over spilt milk. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】crying 【知识点】cry、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:覆水难收。There is no use doing sth.是固定句型,表示“做某事是没有用的”,动名词作主语。 11. (reflect) on past mistakes helps us take better protective measures now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Reflecting 【知识点】reflect、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:反思过去的错误有助于我们现在采取更好的防护措施。此处作句子主语,陈述普遍事实,需变为动名词形式reflecting,且句首时首字母应大写。 12. (addict) to short-video apps makes many students find it hard to focus on their studies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being addicted 【知识点】动名词作主语、动名词的被动语态 【详解】句意:沉迷短视频软件让许多学生难以专注于学习。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少主语,be addicted to为固定搭配,表示“沉迷于”,此处需将短语转化为动名词短语作主语,故用being addicted,符合语境,且句首时首字母应大写。 13. (accustom) to speaking in public is what the position of Sales Director is required. 【答案】Being accustomed 【知识点】动名词作主语、动名词的被动语态 【详解】句意:习惯在公共场所讲话是销售总监这个职位所要求的。be accustomed to意为“习惯于”,在句中作主语,用动名词形式being accustomed,句首单词首字母大写。 14.Now, he says that (overcome) the initial anxiety was a valuable lesson in self-growth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】overcoming 【知识点】overcome(overcame overcome)、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:现在,他说克服最初的焦虑是自我成长中宝贵的一课。此处位于宾语从句中,从句缺少主语,动词不能直接作主语,需用动名词形式overcoming。 15.According to recent research, (realise) information is digitally available weakens people’s ability to recall it.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】realising 【知识点】realise/realize、动名词作主语 【详解】句意:根据近期研究,意识到信息以数字形式即可获取,会削弱人们回忆信息的能力。空处作主语,需填动名词形式realising。 考点4 不定式、动名词与过去分词作表语(共15题) ① 先看主语与表语的关系: to do → 表示将要做、目的或具体行为,强调动作。 doing → 表示做某事这件事/行为本身,强调动作本身。 done → 表示被动或状态,强调主语所处的状态。 ② 核心:判断主语与表语是“做事、做这件事,还是处于被动状态”。 1.At the sight of the strict headmaster, the naughty boy was (frighten) and didn’t dare to make any noise. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frightened 【知识点】frighten、frightened、形容词作表语 【详解】句意:一看到严厉的校长,这个调皮的男孩吓坏了,不敢发出一点声音。句中was为系动词,后面需要填形容词作表语;修饰人用frightened,意为“感到害怕的”。 2.Not having finished the programme on time, the manager and his team seemed (embarrass) at the important meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】embarrassed 【知识点】embarrassed、形容词作表语 【详解】考查形容词。句意:由于没有按时完成节目,经理和他的团队在这个重要的会议上显得很尴尬。分析句子结构及根据句意可知,此处要填形容词,在句中作动词seem后的表语,此处修饰the manager and his team(经理和他的团队)的感情,应用-ed结尾形容词。故填embarrassed。 3.We should improve our study methods and get well (prepare)for examinations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】prepared 【知识点】prepare、过去分词作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们应该改进学习方法,为考试做好准备。分析句子结构及根据句意可知,此处考查动词短语get prepared for(为...作准备)。故填prepared。 4.What he will do is (offer) practical support for the homeless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】offer/to offer 【知识点】offer、不定式作表语 【详解】句意:他将要做的事是为无家可归者提供实际的帮助。主语是what引导的名词性从句(what he will do),主句谓语动词为is;当主语从句中含有实义动词do时,作表语的不定式to可以省略,所以可以填offer或者to offer。 注意what引导的名词性从句作主语时,若主语从句中含有实义动词do,后面的表语不定式中的to可以省略。本题容易误认为is后必须接to do,只填to offer,忽略了省略规则;也容易误填offering,因为看到is就联想到进行时,但此处表示“将要做的事情是……”,强调具体内容,应使用不定式作表语。因此offer和to offer均正确。注意区别:若主语从句中没有do,通常不能省略to。 5.Her dream is (set) up a community library for children in remote villages. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to set 【知识点】set up、不定式作表语 【详解】句意:她的梦想是为偏远乡村的孩子们建立一座社区图书馆。本空作表语,用不定式to set,用于说明梦想的具体内容和指向的未来动作。 6.He felt (stress out) about the tough work, so he decided to go hiking on weekends for relaxation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stressed out 【知识点】过去分词作表语 【详解】句意:繁重的工作让他倍感压力,于是他决定周末去徒步放松一下。felt是系动词feel的过去式,后接形容词化的过去分词作表语,描述主语He的感受,feel stressed out为固定搭配,意为“感到压力重重、身心疲惫”。 7.Getting increasingly (absorb) in the novel, he didn’t realize it was midnight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】absorbed 【知识点】absorbed、过去分词作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:越来越沉浸在小说中,他没有意识到已经是午夜了。固定搭配be/get absorbed in意为“全神贯注于,沉浸于”,过去分词作表语,已转化为形容词。故填absorbed。 8.I feel (honour) to be here to give you a lecture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】honoured 【知识点】honour、过去分词作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我很荣幸能在这里给你们做讲座。feel honoured to do是固定表达,意为“做某事感到荣幸”,因此用过去分词honoured,作表语。故填honoured。 9.It’s nine o’clock. He remains (sleep) in bed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sleeping 【知识点】现在分词作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:九点了,他还躺在床上睡着,remain doing sth.表示“仍在做某事”。强调持续睡觉这个动作,故填sleeping。 10.The investigation concluded that poor management was (blame) for the accident, not the equipment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to blame 【知识点】不定式作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:调查结果表明,事故的根源在于管理不善,而非设备问题。be to blame for应对……负责;应因……而受责。故填to blame。 11.She worked hard for three years and finally got (admit) to her dream university. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admitted 【知识点】过去分词作表语 【详解】考查过去分词。句意:她努力学习了三年,最终成功被她梦寐以求的大学录取了。空处作表语,get admitted to意思为:被……录取,为固定短语。空处为admit的过去分词形式,表示被动。故填admitted。 12.My ambition is (succeed) in my career and give it my very best. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to succeed 【知识点】succeed、不定式作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我的抱负是在事业上取得成功,并尽我最大的努力。空处作表语,说明主语ambition的具体内容,且指向将来的动作,应用不定式。故填to succeed。 13.I feel (cheat) really. I was meant to go to France and now it’s only Leeds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cheated 【知识点】过去分词作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的感觉被骗了。我本打算去法国,可现在只能去利兹。feel为系动词,此处“feel + 过去分词”表示被动含义,cheat与I是被动关系,即“我感觉自己被欺骗”,所以用cheated。故填cheated。 14.In its history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got (stick). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stuck 【知识点】stuck、过去分词作表语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在历史上,芝加哥经常遭遇洪水,尤其是在春季。洪水使得街道泥泞不堪,行人、马匹和马车都陷在了里面。句中“got”为系动词,“get + 过去分词”是固定结构,表被动含义,此处stick的过去分词为stuck,“got stuck”意为“被困住、陷住”,符合语境。故填stuck。 15.In all his life, Qian Xuesen was (commit) to doing his research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】committed 【知识点】过去分词作表语 【详解】考查过去分词。句意:钱学森一生致力于研究工作。此处是固定搭配:be committed to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”,填过去分词作表语,描述主语的状态‌。故填committed。 考点5 过去完成时(共15题) ① 一找参照,二判先后,三定结构。 找参照:寻找句中的过去时间或过去动作,确定时间参照点。 判先后:表示“过去的过去”,即在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作,用过去完成时。 定结构:基本结构为 had + 过去分词(done)。 抓标志:关注 by、before、when、by the time 等时间线索,结合动作先后判断时态。 ② 速记口诀: 过去之前已完成,had done 结构要记清;时间先后是关键,不能只凭标志定。 1.By the time he graduated from college, he (publish) at least three books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had published 【知识点】publish、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:到他大学毕业的时候,他已经出版了至少三本书。 根据“By the time he graduated from college”可知,主句动作发生在毕业之前,是“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时had published。 2.By the end of last autumn, the conservation workers (restore) dozens of ancient architectural relics. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had restored 【知识点】restore、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:到去年秋天为止,保护工作者已经修复了几十处古建筑遗迹。动词restore(修复)作谓语,结合时间状语为By the end of last autumn可知,讲述过去的过去发生的事情,用过去完成时had restored。 3.The ancient city (stand) at the foot of the mountain for over 1,000 years before a violent earthquake destroyed it completely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had stood 【知识点】过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:这座古城在山脚下屹立了1000多年,直到一场强烈的地震将其完全摧毁。stand这一动作发生在“a violent earthquake destroyed it completely”之前,也就是过去的过去,用过去完成时had stood。 4.It was the third time that he (beat) black and blue. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been beaten 【知识点】beat(beat beaten)、过去完成时的被动语态、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:这是他第三次被打得鼻青脸肿。根据“It was the third time that...”句型可知,that从句应用过去完成时;主语he与动词beat之间为被动关系,即“他被打”,应用被动语态;beat的过去分词为beaten。 注意It was the first/second/third time that...句型中,若主句使用一般过去时,that从句通常要用过去完成时(had done),表示“截至过去某一时间为止已经发生过的经历”。本题容易误填was beaten或has been beaten,忽略了时间关系;同时要注意主语he与beat之间是被动关系,表示“他被打”,所以要用过去完成时的被动语态:had been beaten。另外,beat的过去分词是beaten,不要误写为beat或beated。 5.The army (resist) the invading force for three months before they surrendered. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had resisted 【知识点】resist、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:这支军队在投降之前抵抗入侵部队长达三个月。before引导的从句为一般过去时,主句动作发生在从句动作之前,属于过去的过去,且动作持续了三个月,应使用过去完成时,resist的过去完成时形式为had resisted 6.The government claimed that it (take) all necessary measures to prevent such disasters.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had taken 【知识点】过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:政府声称已经采取了一切必要措施来预防此类灾难。此处为谓语动词,claimed提示主句为一般过去时,take发生在claimed之前,用过去完成时,所以谓语动词为had taken。 7.He suspected that the birds (evolve) from a common ancestor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had evolved 【知识点】evolve、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:他猜想这些鸟是由共同的祖先进化而来的。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词,“进化”发生在“猜想”之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时had evolved。 8.The meeting (start) when we arrived, so we missed the beginning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had started 【知识点】start、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:我们到达时会议已经开始了,所以我们错过了开头。根据时间状语从句when we arrived以及结果so we missed the beginning可知,“会议开始”这一动作发生在“到达”之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,即had started。 9.It was the first time that she (encounter) such a huge animal in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had encountered 【知识点】encounter、固定句型、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:这是她第一次在野外遇到这么大的动物。固定句型It was the first time that...,从句要用过去完成时,谓语用had encountered。 10.By the time humans arrived on the island, some native species (already/decline) in numbers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had already declined 【知识点】decline、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:在人类抵达这座岛屿之前,一些本土物种的数量就已经减少了。根据时间状语“By the time humans arrived on the island”可知,主句谓语decline发生在从句谓语arrived之前,使用过去完成时,副词already放在助动词had之后,实义动词decline之前。 11.She claimed that she (read) plenty of reference materials relevant to the controversial social phenomenon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had read 【知识点】read(read read)、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:她声称自己已经阅读了大量与这一有争议的社会现象相关的参考资料。主句谓语动词 claimed 为一般过去时,宾语从句动作 read 发生在 claimed 之前,即“过去的过去”,要用过去完成时。 12.I (hope) to participate in the seminar, but I was tied up with a series of urgent meetings. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had hoped 【知识点】hope、had intended/planned/expceted表“原打算/计划/猜测......” 【详解】句意:我本希望参加研讨会,但我被一系列紧急会议缠住了。根据“but I was tied up”可知,此处表示本希望做而实际上没有做的事情,应用过去完成时形式had hoped。 注意had hoped/wished/planned/intended/expected/thought等过去完成时结构,常用来表示“过去本来希望、计划、打算或认为……,但实际上没有实现”。本题中容易误填hoped,只表达“过去希望参加”,不能突出“希望落空”的含义;也容易误填have hoped,忽略了句中的过去事实I was tied up with...。根据but后面的转折可知,参加研讨会的愿望未能实现,因此应使用had hoped,表示“本希望参加,但最终没能参加”。 13.When the journalist rushed to the spot, the witnesses (leave), leaving few useful clues. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had left 【知识点】leave(left left)、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:当记者赶到现场时,目击者已经离开了,几乎没有留下有用的线索。根据“When the journalist rushed to the spot”可知,“离开”发生在“赶到现场”之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时;基本形式:主语+had+过去分词,leave的过去分词为left。 14.The local government didn’t carry out the reconstruction project until experts (evaluate) all possible safety risks. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had evaluated 【知识点】evaluate、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:当地政府在专家评估了所有可能的安全风险后,才启动了重建项目。空处作从句的谓语,结合“didn’t carry out the reconstruction project until”可知,从句描述的是过去的过去发生的事,时态应用过去完成时,即用had done的形式。 15.She looked at me as if she (respond) to my question long before I even asked it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had responded 【知识点】虚拟语气用于as if/though引导的方式状语从句、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:她看着我,仿佛早在我开口提问之前,她就已经回答了我的问题。分析句子可知,该句为as if 引导方式状语从句,此处为虚拟语气。主句动词looked为一般过去时;从句动作respond发生在“看着我”之前,即过去的过去,从句用had + 过去分词。 考点6 现在完成进行时(共15题) ① 先看动作是否从过去开始,一直持续到现在,且可能还在继续,强调持续性和过程: have/has been doing → “一直在做……” 常与 for、since、all day、recently、lately 等连用。 ② 核心:过去开始+持续到现在+强调过程 → 现在完成进行时。 1.He (work) on this grammar research project for nearly two years, and he will continue to polish his paper next term.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been working 【知识点】work(奏效;起作用)、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:他从事这项语法研究项目已经将近两年了,下学期他还会继续打磨他的论文。句中时间标志词for nearly two years表示动作从过去开始持续到现在,后半句he will continue to polish his paper next term表明该动作仍将继续,符合现在完成进行时的用法;主语He是第三人称单数,现在完成进行时结构为has been + 现在分词,work的现在分词为working。 2.The police (search) for the missing tourist in the mountain area since early morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been searching 【知识点】search、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作、cattle, people,police,youth看成复数 【详解】句意:警察们从清晨开始一直在山区搜寻失踪的游客。空处作谓语,结合时间状语“since early morning”可知,时态用现在完成进行时,强调动作从过去持续到现在并可能继续,主语The police意为“警察们”,是一个集合名词,通常视为复数,助动词应用have。 3.I (starve) all day because I skipped breakfast. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been starving 【知识点】starve、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:因为我没吃早饭,我一整天都饿得慌。此处考查谓语动词,主语I与starve为主动关系,all day表示一整天,由语境可知,此处强调动作从过去持续到现在,所以应用现在完成进行时have been starving。 4.Her eyes look tired because she (sort) learning materials the whole morning.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been sorting 【知识点】表过去开始而刚刚结束的动作 【详解】句意:她的眼睛看起来很疲惫,因为她整个上午都在整理学习资料。分析句子可知,主句Her eyes look tired为一般现在时,描述“她现在眼睛疲惫”的当前状态;原因状语从句中时间标志the whole morning(一整个上午),强调动作从上午开始持续进行到现在,且直接造成了现在“眼睛累”的结果,符合现在完成进行时的用法。主语she为第三人称单数,助动词用 has;sort的现在分词为sorting。 5.We (distribute) relief supplies all weekend, yet we still haven’t finished everything, so we have to keep going next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been distributing 【知识点】distribute、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:我们整个周末都在分发救灾物资,可所有物资依旧没有分发完毕,因此下周我们还要继续。根据时间状语all weekend和后半句“so we have to keep going next week”可知,本句强调动作从周末开始一直持续现在且还要持续到将来,用现在完成进行时have/has been doing;主语we,助动词用have。 6.Since June 2017, I (help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been helping 【知识点】help、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:从2017年6月开始,我就一直在帮助动物园的大熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。结合语境和时间状语Since June 2017,可知此处表示动作从过去的某一时间开始一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去,强调动作的连续性,应用现在完成进行时,主语为I,助动词用have。 7.I (try) to contact the service center all day, but no one picks up the phone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been trying 【知识点】try、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:我一整天都在试图联系客服中心,但没有人接电话。all day是持续的时间状语,试图联系的动作从早上持续到现在,且反复进行,用现在完成进行时,且主语为第一人称I,所以谓语动词为have been trying。 8.The secretary (type) reports all the afternoon, but there are still two reports to finish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been typing 【知识点】type、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:这位秘书整个下午都在忙着打报告,但仍有两份报告未完成。由all the afternoon, but there are still two reports to finish可知,句子时态用现在完成进行时,表示一个动作从过去持续到现在,且还有可能继续下去,主语The secretary是单数,因此空格处是has been typing。 9.She (study) English day and night this year to be a qualified editor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been studying 【知识点】表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:为了成为一名合格的编辑,她今年日夜都在学习英语。根据时间状语this year可知,此处表示从过去持续到现在,且有可能继续持续下去的动作,应用现在完成进行时,其基本结构是“have/has been+现在分词”,主语是She,助动词用has。 10.They (do) their lessons for an hour, but they have finished only half. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been doing 【知识点】do、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】句意:他们一直在做功课,已经做了一个小时,但只完成了一半。for an hour表示一段时间,but they have finished only half表明动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且仍在进行,符合现在完成进行时的用法,其结构为“have/has been + 现在分词”,主语They是复数,所以用have been doing。 11.Jack (miss) from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been missing 【知识点】missing、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】考查时态。句意:杰克已经离家失踪两天了,我开始担心他的安全。根据时间状语for two days now可知本句表示的是从过去持续到现在的状态,结合语境谓语动词使用现在完成进行时,故填has been missing. 12.The number of private cars in major cities (increase) at an alarming rate, which has led to severe traffic congestion and air pollution. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been increasing 【知识点】increase、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:大城市里私家车的数量正以惊人的速度增长,这已经造成了严重的交通拥堵和空气污染。increase(增长)是主句谓语动词,与主语The number of private cars之间是主动关系,根据which has led to severe traffic congestion and air pollution可知,私家车数量增长的动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,并且可能还会继续下去,这种情况要用现在完成进行时,“The number of +名词”作主语,主动词用has。故填has been increasing。 13.My brother (study) in this university for three years, and he will graduate next summer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has studied//has been studying 【知识点】表示持续(动作未完成) 、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】考查时态。句意:我哥哥已经在这所大学学习了三年,他将于明年夏天毕业。根据句意,此处需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时表示动作从过去持续到现在,并与for three years的时间状语搭配;主语my brother为第三人称单数,助动词用has,study的过去分词是studied,现在分词是studying,故填has studied/has been studying。 14.We (discuss) the plan for the English speech contest recently, and we will make a decision tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been discussing 【知识点】discuss、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意:我们最近一直在讨论英语演讲比赛的方案,明天就会做出决定。分析句子结构可知,此空考查谓语动词,主语We与discuss为主动关系,结合时间状语recently与后半句“ will make a decision tomorrow(明天将做决定)”可知,最近一直在讨论这个方案,讨论这个动作从过去开始,持续到现在,并且可能还会继续,需用现在完成进行时,其结构为have/has been doing,主语we为第一人称复数。故填have been discussing。 15.She (write) emails to her foreign friends all afternoon, and she still has two more to finish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been writing 【知识点】write、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:她整个下午都在给外国朋友写邮件,还有两封没写完。时间状语all afternoon结合后半句“还有两封没写完”,表明动作从过去开始持续到现在,且仍在进行,要用现在完成进行时,结构为“have/has been+现在分词”,主语she为单数,助动词用has,write的现在分词为writing。故填has been writing。 本题以浙江地域文化与数字创新融合为背景,通过“诗意江南”与“活力浙江”的双重形象,展现传统文化与现代科技协调发展的时代特征。考查学生在文化主题语境中准确运用非谓语动词的能力,同时引导学生理解地域文化的独特价值,增强用英语介绍中国文化与科技创新成果的意识。 1. Vice-president Han Xu adds that Bamboo Rhyme seeks (express) Zhejiang’s dual (双重的) identity — Poetic Jiangnan and Dynamic Zhejiang — where cultural depth meets digital innovation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【跨学科+新情境】融合英语、地域文化、艺术与数字技术,创设传统文化创新表达的情境,体现文化传承与科技发展的跨学科联系。 【答案】to express 【知识点】不定式作宾语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:韩旭副校长补充说,“竹韵”力求展现浙江的双重身份——诗意江南与活力浙江,在这里文化深度与数字创新相遇。此处是固定搭配seek to do sth.,意为“力求做某事”,应用动词express“展现,诠释,表达”的不定式to express,作宾语。故填to express。 本题以获取申请结果这一实际交际情境为背景,要求学生根据事件发生的先后顺序及主谓之间的逻辑关系,综合判断词性转换、过去完成时和被动语态。重点考查学生在具体语境中整合多项语法知识、分析时间逻辑及准确表达事件关系的能力,体现语言运用的准确性和思维的逻辑性。 2.He rushed to the office, only to be informed that his application (rejection). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【新考法】不同于单一语法知识点的机械填空,本题要求学生完成名词到动词的转换,并综合判断时态和语态,体现多维度语法知识整合的考查思路。 【答案】had been rejected 【知识点】rejection、过去完成时表过去的过去 【详解】句意:他冲到办公室,结果被告知他的申请已经被拒绝了。此处为宾语从句的谓语部分,首先将所给名词rejection转化为其对应的动词形式reject,从句主语 his application 与 reject 构成被动关系,且“申请被拒绝”发生在主句动作 rushed 之前,属于过去的过去,所以用过去完成时的被动语态。 注意本题考查的是过去完成时的被动语态,容易出现两类错误:一是误填was rejected,只表示“申请被拒绝”,但没有体现“被拒绝”发生在“他冲到办公室(rushed)”之前,即“过去的过去”;二是看到括号中的rejection直接填名词,忽略了句中缺少谓语,需要将名词转换为动词reject。另外,his application与reject之间是被动关系,所以应使用had been rejected,表示“他的申请在他赶到办公室之前已经被拒绝”。 本题以学习与休息的合理平衡为切入点,将英语语法考查与学生心理健康、自我管理和科学学习方式相结合。引导学生认识劳逸结合的重要性,树立健康的学习观念,培养自我调节能力与科学安排学习生活的意识。同时要求学生综合分析句子结构,正确判断动名词作主语和不定式作补足成分的用法,体现语言知识的综合运用能力。 3. (balance) study and relaxation proves (enhance) overall well-being significantly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【跨学科+新考法】融合英语、心理健康教育与学习科学,在同一语境中设置两个语法填空,考查不同非谓语动词形式的综合运用,突出多知识点整合和语法结构辨析。 【答案】Balancing to enhance 【知识点】balance、enhance、不定式作表语、动名词作主语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:平衡学习与放松被证明能显著提升整体幸福感。此空位于句首,是整个句子的主语。此空用动名词表示一个抽象、泛指的“行为”或“概念”。第二空位前的prove在这里是“被证明是”的意思,用作系动词,它后面常接to be+形容词/名词或直接接不定式,构成prove to do sth.结构,意思是“被证明会做某事/具有某种特性”,这是一个固定用法。故填①Balancing②to enhance。 / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

资源预览图

考前押题01 单句语法填空(期中专项训练)高二英语上学期外研版
1
考前押题01 单句语法填空(期中专项训练)高二英语上学期外研版
2
考前押题01 单句语法填空(期中专项训练)高二英语上学期外研版
3
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。