Unit 4 课时5 Developing ideas （Reading for writing）（分层作业）英语新教材外研版九年级上册

Unit 4 Heroes 课时5 Developing ideas Reading for writing 分层作业 参考答案 一、单词默写 1.dreamer 2.pick 3.countless 4.thing 5.experiment 6.scientific 7.type 8.poor 9.soil 10.feed 11.socialist 2、 词组默写 1.suffer from hunger 2.spend … doing sth 3.dream of doing sth 4.easier said than done 5.succeed in doing sth 6.produce more rice 7.poor soil 8.pass away 9.be remembered as 10.continue to encourage people 11.follow in one’s footsteps12.scientific research 三、 根据要求完成句子 1.walked slowly through 2.checking countless rice plants 3.suffered from hunger 4.left college; spent nearly 70 years working hard 5.believed deeply 6.dreamt of developing 7.said than done 8.it more difficult; to work 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．countless 2．types 3．soil 4．fed 5．socialist 6．scientific 二、阅读还原 1．B 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式补全短文 1．passed 2．as 3．grew 4．knowledge 5．with 6．Although 7．achievements 8．highest 9．to support 10．China’s 四、选词填空 1．Chinese 2．story 3．cold 4．wear 5．better 6．for 7．hands 8．Everyone 9．where 10．true 1、 完形填空 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 2、 阅读理解 A 1.B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C B 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 3、 阅读与表达 1．To show respect for heroes and call for learning from history and valuing peace. 2. On September 18th, 1931. 3．但是勇敢的中国人民没有放弃。 4. We fought not only for ourselves. 5．We should never forget the courage and resistance, and keep working to build a stronger and more peaceful country. 1、 阅读理解 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 Heroes 课时5 Developing ideas Reading for writing 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. dreamer /ˈdriːmə/ n. 做梦的人 2. pick /pɪk/ v. 采，摘 3. countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 无数的，数不尽的 4. thing /θɪŋ/ n. 东西，物 5. experiment /ɪkˈsperəmənt/ n. 实验 6. type /taɪp/ n. 类型，种类 7. poor /pʊə/ adj. 差的，不佳的 8. soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤，土地，泥土 9. feed /fiːd/ v. 养活 10. socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的 句型 1. Under the hot sun, an old man walked slowly through green rice fields. 烈日之下，一位老人穿行在绿油油的稻田之间。 2.He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants. 他从早忙到晚，查看数不清的水稻植株。 3.When he was young, he felt sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger. 年轻的时候，看到许许多多中国人饱受饥饿折磨，他内心难过。 4.After he left college in 1953, he spent nearly 70 years working hard to solve this problem. 1953 年大学毕业后，他花了近 70 年艰苦奋斗，想要解决这个难题。 5.Yuan believed deeply that "food is the most important thing in the world". 袁隆平深信 “民以食为天（粮食是世间头等大事）”。 6.He dreamt of developing rice plants that produce more. It was easier said than done. 他梦想培育更高产的水稻。说起来容易，做起来很难。 ) 一、单词默写 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______________ n. 做梦的人 2. _______________ v. 采，摘 3. _______________ adj. 无数的，数不尽的 4. _______________ n. 东西，物 5. _______________ n. 实验 6. _______________ adj.科学的 7. _______________ n. 类型，种类 8. _______________ adj. 差的，不佳的 9. _______________ n. 土壤，土地，泥土 10. _______________ v. 养活 11. _______________ adj. 社会主义的 二、词组默写 1. _______________ 遭受饥饿，忍饥挨饿 2. _______________ 花费（时间）做某事 3. _______________ 梦想做某事 4. _______________ 说起来容易做起来难 5. _______________ 成功完成某事 6. _______________ 产出更高产量的水稻 7. _______________ 贫瘠的土壤 8. _______________ 去世，离世 9. _______________ 作为……被铭记 10. _______________ 持续激励人们 11. _______________ 追随某人的足迹、效仿某人 12. _______________ 科学研究 三、根据要求完成句子 1. Under the hot sun, an old man ________________ green rice fields. 烈日之下，一位老人穿行在绿油油的稻田之间。 2. He worked from morning to night, ________________. 他从早忙到晚，查看数不清的水稻植株。 3. When he was young, he felt sad to discover that many Chinese people ________________. 年轻的时候，看到许许多多中国人饱受饥饿折磨，他内心难过。 4. After he ________________ in 1953, he ________________ to solve this problem. 1953 年大学毕业后，他花了近 70 年艰苦奋斗，想要解决这个难题。 5. Yuan ________________ that "food is the most important thing in the world". 袁隆平深信 “民以食为天（粮食是世间头等大事）”。 6. He ________________ rice plants that produce more. 他梦想培育更高产的水稻。 7. It was easier ________________. 说起来容易做起来难。 8. Age made ________________ for him ________________. 年岁增长让他开展工作变得更加艰难。 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．These ________ (countless) small actions finally make great changes to nature. 2．You can watch many different ________ (type) of birds easily in a nature reserve. 3．Trees help hold the ________ (soil) together. 4．We ________ (feed) some cute pandas in the zoo last weekend and it was really fun. 5．We are building a new ________ (socialist) countryside with our own hands. 6．The space station has become a lab for ________ (science) experiments. 二、阅读还原 （25-26·九年级上·河南郑州·期中）For the past 21 years, the Touching China Annual People Award (感动中国年度人物奖) has given prizes to people from all walks across the country. 1 When talking about the greatest physicists in the world, Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten. Let’s get to know more about him now. Yang is a 100-year-old famous physicist. 2 When he was young, he showed a great talent in physics. He was given the prize because of making great contributions (贡献) to physics. In 1957, Yang was studying in the US. He and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, came up with a physics theory together. 3 Their achievement proved that Chinese scientists could be the best in the world. No matter where he has been, Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind. However, the bad relationship between China and America prevented Chinese scientists who received doctor degrees in the US from returning to China. Then, in 1971, Yang finally got the chance to return to China for a visit. Later, Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University. 4 5 Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi, physicist Wu Xiaogang and mathematician (数学家) Zhang Shouwu gave up excellent pay and decided to make great contributions to their motherland. A．Under his influence, many overseas Chinese students returned to China. B．They are the people who warm our hearts with their actions. C．In 2003, Yang returned to China and also taught in Tsinghua. D．He was born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui province. E．Months later, the two won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory. 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式补全短文 （2026·天津市中考一模） Huang Xuhua, an outstanding scientist, was a true hero in China. Unfortunately, he 1 (pass) away on February 6th, 2025 in Wuhan, due to illness. Huang was famous 2 the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (潜水艇) and received many high honors. Born in 1926, Huang 3 (grow) up during a time when China suffered under foreign attacks, so he decided to use his 4 (knowledge) to make the country stronger at a very young age. In 1958, 5 his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing and worked hard in secret on the program for the next 30 years. 6 he and his team faced many difficulties and challenges, they successfully launched (发射) China’s first nuclear submarine in 1970. Huang’s life was full of 7 (achievement). In 2018, he was presented with the prize of “Influential Chinese in the World”. In 2019, he was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”, and in 2020, he got the 8 (high) science and technology award in China. Huang cared about China’s future and donated over twenty million yuan 9 (support) scientific research, education, and the spread of science. In a word, he spent his whole life developing 10 (China) nuclear submarine industry and national defense. 四、选词填空 阅读短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、正确(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词)。 good  for  Chinese  wear  hand  story  cold  everyone  true  where How cruel (残酷的) can a war be? How much do 1 soldiers love their country and people? The film The Battle at Lake Changjin shows us all clearly. The 2 is about the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争). The temperature is -40℃, so it is very 3 there. The Chinese soldiers all 4 thin winter clothes and don’t have enough food or weapons (武器). The US army, on the other side, has a lot of 5 equipment (装备). Chinese soldiers fight 6 their country and people all the time. The most touching (感人的) part in the film is the “Ice Sculpture Company (冰雕连)”. Many soldiers are frozen into ice. But they still look at the front with weapons in their 7 ! More than 4,000 people die from cold during the battle. “ 8 thinks it is a good film,” says high school student Li Lin’en. “The film makes me think about 9 our happy life comes from. Thanks to them, our Chinese dream of living a better life finally comes 10 .” 一、完形填空 Great people set good examples for us. Let’s know some of them. Yuan Longping is a famous 1 . He spared every effort to develop hybrid rice. His great work 2 millions of people from hunger. Tu Youyou is a gifted pharmacologist. After she 3 lots of hard experiments, she found artemisinin. It can 4 people’s lives. Qian Xuesen, the great scientist, 5 all his life to China’s space industry. He never cared about his own interest. The people 6 stick to their dreams are all heroes. We shouldn’t waste time playing games 7 learning from great people. Not only scientists 8 common workers can be great. No matter what difficulties you 9 , never give up. If you keep working hard, you 10 make your own achievements one day. 1．A．painter B．scientist C．playwright D．director 2．A．saves B．saved C．will save D．save 3．A．do B．does C．did D．will do 4．A．hurt B．save C．avoid D．remind 5．A．devoted B．warmed C．cut D．dealt 6．A．which B．who C．whose D．when 7．A．though B．if C．when D．instead of 8．A．or B．and C．but also D．too 9．A．face B．faces C．faced D．will face 10．A．should B．shouldn’t C．will D．won’t 2、 阅读理解 A （25-26·河南平顶山·期末） Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age. In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan’an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got an excellent grade. In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field?” “Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!” With the strong belief, Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine. Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations.” said Peng Shilu. He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”. 1．When did Peng Shilu go abroad to study chemical engineering? A．In 1925. B．In 1951. C．In 1956. D．In 1970. 2．What does the underlined word “blank” most probably mean in the passage? A．A clean piece of paper. B．A mistake in a plan. C．A dark and empty space. D．A situation with no experience or knowledge. 3．Why did Peng Shilu change his research field to nuclear power? A．Because the motherland needed him. B．Because his family asked him to do so. C．Because he got poor grades in chemical engineering. D．Because he was interested in nuclear submarines since childhood. 4．What can we infer from Peng Shilu’s life story? A．He lived a rich and happy life when he was young. B．He was ungrateful to the people who helped him. C．China was the first country to have a nuclear submarine. D．He made great contributions to China’s nuclear power industry. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Heroic Family in Guangdong B．The History of Nuclear Submarines C．Peng Shilu: A Pioneer of China’s Nuclear Power D．Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021 B What qualities do heroes share? Researchers studied hundreds of hero stories and found three common points. First, heroes care about others more than themselves. They are ready to put other people’s needs first. Second, they have courage. Courage does not mean feeling no fear. It means acting bravely even when you are afraid. Third, heroes keep trying. They do not give up easily when difficulties appear. Heroes do not need special talents or great power. A student who helps classmates with study, a cleaner who keeps streets tidy, a parent who works hard to support the family—all of them can be heroes. The story of heroes tells us: heroism is a choice, not a gift. We can all choose to be brave, kind and responsible. 1．How many shared qualities of heroes are mentioned? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What does courage mean according to the passage? A．Never feeling scared. B．Having great power. C．Acting bravely with fear. D．Having special talents. 3．Which person can be an everyday hero? A．A student who refuses to help classmates. B．A cleaner who works carefully to keep streets clean. C．A person who only thinks of himself. D．Someone who easily gives up when trouble comes. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Famous historical heroes are more important. B．Heroes must have special abilities. C．Heroism is a choice everyone can make. D．It is impossible for common people to be heroes. 3、 阅读与表达 （25-26九年级上·山东菏泽·期中） This year marks the 80th anniversary (周年纪念日) of a great victory. 80 years ago, the Chinese people defeated (击败) the Japanese aggressors (侵略者), protected our country, and helped the world end World War II. China has organized many activities this year to show respect for heroes and call for the world to learn from history and value peace. On September 18th, 1931, the Japanese army suddenly attacked Fengtian, today’s Shenyang. The September 18th Incident marked the beginning of Japan’s aggression against China and the start of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance (抵抗) against Japanese Aggression. In the following 14 years, the Chinese people suffered a lot. Cities were broken, villages burned, and lots of people were killed. But the brave Chinese people didn’t give up. The ordinary people and the army united as one to fight against the Japanese aggressors. With hard and heroic fights, we finally drove them off. 我们不仅为我们自己而战。Our resistance was an important part of the world’s fight against fascism (法西斯主义). For years, China was the main battlefield in Asia. We tied down a large part of Japan’s army and made a great contribution to the global victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. 80 years have passed, but the Chinese people’s suffering and fight are still fresh in our memory. And we deeply miss those heroes. They gave their lives to save our country. Today, we are lucky to live in a peaceful age and a peaceful country. But we should never forget the courage and resistance our people showed, and we must keep working to build a stronger and more peaceful country. 1．Why has China organized many activities this year? —————————————————————————————————————————————— 2．When did the Japanese army suddenly attack Fengtian, today’s Shenyang? —————————————————————————————————————————————— 3．请把第三段划线句子翻译成汉语。 —————————————————————————————————————————————— 4．请把汉语句子“我们不仅为我们自己而战。”翻译成英语。 —————————————————————————————————————————————— 5．What should we do today to remember the history and heroes? ————————————————————————————————————————————— 一、阅读理解 （2026·云南大理·中考真题） In ancient China, there was a story about silk. It’s said that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu discovered how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. Silk was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. For hundreds of years, China kept the skill of silk-making a secret under the kings’ orders. During the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian traveled to Central Asia with silk. This journey started the Silk Road, a trade route connecting China with Europe. The road was busy with traders who crossed deserts and mountains. They sold silk and tea from China, bringing back Western treasures like spices, gold and silver. At first, people traded goods. Later, they shared ideas, cultures and technologies. For example, Chinese inventions like paper-making were spread to the West, while new math and science ideas came to China Most importantly, the Silk Road helped cultural exchange. People shared art, music and even language along this ancient road. The Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) is a great example, the art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles and became distinctive. They can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road shows people far away can become friends through trade and shared knowledge. Today, it’s regarded as a great example of cooperation (合作) and exchange. It teaches us to understand and respect different cultures, and work together to create amazing things. 1．Why is Leizu’s story mentioned at the beginning? A．To lead into the topic. B．To show writer’s opinion. C．To ask for readers’ advice. D．To explain a difficult lesson. 2．What were spread from the West to China according to paragraph 2? ①Silk and tea ②Spices, gold and silver. ③Paper-making technology. ④New ideas of science and math. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 3．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 3? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 4．Where is this passage most likely to be found? A．In a travel guide to Europe. B．In a science textbook C．In a history magazine. D．In a fashion magazine. 5．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. $Unit 4 Heroes 课时5 Developing ideas Reading for writing 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. dreamer /ˈdriːmə/ n. 做梦的人 2. pick /pɪk/ v. 采，摘 3. countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 无数的，数不尽的 4. thing /θɪŋ/ n. 东西，物 5. experiment /ɪkˈsperəmənt/ n. 实验 6. type /taɪp/ n. 类型，种类 7. poor /pʊə/ adj. 差的，不佳的 8. soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤，土地，泥土 9. feed /fiːd/ v. 养活 10. socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的 句型 1. Under the hot sun, an old man walked slowly through green rice fields. 烈日之下，一位老人穿行在绿油油的稻田之间。 2.He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants. 他从早忙到晚，查看数不清的水稻植株。 3.When he was young, he felt sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger. 年轻的时候，看到许许多多中国人饱受饥饿折磨，他内心难过。 4.After he left college in 1953, he spent nearly 70 years working hard to solve this problem. 1953 年大学毕业后，他花了近 70 年艰苦奋斗，想要解决这个难题。 5.Yuan believed deeply that "food is the most important thing in the world". 袁隆平深信 “民以食为天（粮食是世间头等大事）”。 6.He dreamt of developing rice plants that produce more. It was easier said than done. 他梦想培育更高产的水稻。说起来容易，做起来很难。 ) 一、单词默写 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______________ n. 做梦的人 2. _______________ v. 采，摘 3. _______________ adj. 无数的，数不尽的 4. _______________ n. 东西，物 5. _______________ n. 实验 6. _______________ adj.科学的 7. _______________ n. 类型，种类 8. _______________ adj. 差的，不佳的 9. _______________ n. 土壤，土地，泥土 10. _______________ v. 养活 11. _______________ adj. 社会主义的 【答案】1.dreamer 2.pick 3.countless 4.thing 5.experiment 6.scientific 7.type 8.poor 9.soil 10.feed 11.socialist 二、词组默写 1. _______________ 遭受饥饿，忍饥挨饿 2. _______________ 花费（时间）做某事 3. _______________ 梦想做某事 4. _______________ 说起来容易做起来难 5. _______________ 成功完成某事 6. _______________ 产出更高产量的水稻 7. _______________ 贫瘠的土壤 8. _______________ 去世，离世 9. _______________ 作为……被铭记 10. _______________ 持续激励人们 11. _______________ 追随某人的足迹、效仿某人 12. _______________ 科学研究 【答案】1.suffer from hunger 2.spend … doing sth 3.dream of doing sth 4.easier said than done 5.succeed in doing sth 6.produce more rice 7.poor soil 8.pass away 9.be remembered as 10.continue to encourage people 11.follow in one’s footsteps12.scientific research 三、根据要求完成句子 1. Under the hot sun, an old man ________________ green rice fields. 烈日之下，一位老人穿行在绿油油的稻田之间。 2. He worked from morning to night, ________________. 他从早忙到晚，查看数不清的水稻植株。 3. When he was young, he felt sad to discover that many Chinese people ________________. 年轻的时候，看到许许多多中国人饱受饥饿折磨，他内心难过。 4. After he ________________ in 1953, he ________________ to solve this problem. 1953 年大学毕业后，他花了近 70 年艰苦奋斗，想要解决这个难题。 5. Yuan ________________ that "food is the most important thing in the world". 袁隆平深信 “民以食为天（粮食是世间头等大事）”。 6. He ________________ rice plants that produce more. 他梦想培育更高产的水稻。 7. It was easier ________________. 说起来容易做起来难。 8. Age made ________________ for him ________________. 年岁增长让他开展工作变得更加艰难。 【答案】 1.walked slowly through 2.checking countless rice plants 3.suffered from hunger 4.left college; spent nearly 70 years working hard 5.believed deeply 6.dreamt of developing 7.said than done 8.it more difficult; to work 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．These ________ (countless) small actions finally make great changes to nature. 【答案】countless 【详解】句意：这些无数的小行动最终对大自然产生了巨大的改变。句子结构为“These+形容词+名词复数+谓语+宾语”，空格处需填入一个形容词来修饰后面的名词短语“small actions”。括号内给出的词是countless“无数的，数不尽的”，本身就是一个形容词，符合语法要求。故填countless。 2．You can watch many different ________ (type) of birds easily in a nature reserve. 【答案】types 【详解】句意：在自然保护区，你可以轻松观赏到许多不同类型的鸟类。 3．Trees help hold the ________ (soil) together. 【答案】soil 【详解】句意：树木有助于牢牢固定土壤。soil意为“土壤”，不可数名词。故填soil。 4．We ________ (feed) some cute pandas in the zoo last weekend and it was really fun. 【答案】fed 【详解】句意：上周末我们在动物园喂了一些可爱的熊猫，这非常有趣。空处作谓语。根据“last weekend”可知，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词feed应用过去式fed。 5．We are building a new ________ (socialist) countryside with our own hands. 【答案】socialist 【详解】句意：我们正在用自己的双手建设社会主义新农村。空格后是名词countryside（农村），需要形容词作定语来修饰名词，socialist（社会主义的）本身就是形容词，故填socialist。 6．The space stationhas become a lab for ________ (science) experiments. 【答案】scientific 【详解】句意 ：这个太空站已成为用于做科学实验的实验室。 二、阅读还原 （25-26·九年级上·河南郑州·期中）For the past 21 years, the Touching China Annual People Award (感动中国年度人物奖) has given prizes to people from all walks across the country. 1 When talking about the greatest physicists in the world, Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten. Let’s get to know more about him now. Yang is a 100-year-old famous physicist. 2 When he was young, he showed a great talent in physics. He was given the prize because of making great contributions (贡献) to physics. In 1957, Yang was studying in the US. He and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, came up with a physics theory together. 3 Their achievement proved that Chinese scientists could be the best in the world. No matter where he has been, Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind. However, the bad relationship between China and America prevented Chinese scientists who received doctor degrees in the US from returning to China. Then, in 1971, Yang finally got the chance to return to China for a visit. Later, Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University. 4 5 Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi, physicist Wu Xiaogang and mathematician (数学家) Zhang Shouwu gave up excellent pay and decided to make great contributions to their motherland. A．Under his influence, many overseas Chinese students returned to China. B．They are the people who warm our hearts with their actions. C．In 2003, Yang returned to China and also taught in Tsinghua. D．He was born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui province. E．Months later, the two won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了感动中国年度人物之一——杨振宁的事迹。 【详解】1．根据前一句“For the past 21 years, the Touching China Annual People Award has given prizes to people from all walks across the country.”可知，在过去的21年里，感动中国年度人物奖一直为全国各地的人们颁奖。所以此空与该奖项或获奖人物有关，B选项“他们是用自己的行动温暖我们心灵的人”符合语境，“they”指的是获奖人物。故选B。 2．根据前后两句“Yang is a 100-year-old famous physicist...When he was young, he showed a great talent in physics.”可知，杨是一位100岁的著名物理学家，当他年轻的时候，他在物理方面表现出了巨大的天赋。所以该空与杨振宁的个人经历有关，D选项“他1922年出生于安徽省合肥市”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后一句“Their achievement proved that Chinese scientists could be the best in the world.”可知，他们的成就证明了中国科学家可能是世界上最好的。所以此空与他们的成就有关，E选项“几个月后，两人因其理论获得了诺贝尔物理学奖”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据前一句“Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University.”可知，后来杨卖掉了在美国的一栋房子，把钱捐给了清华大学。所以该空与杨回国后的事迹有关，且时间在1971年之后，C选项“2003年，杨回到中国，并在清华任教”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据后一句“Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi, physicist Wu Xiaogang and mathematician Zhang Shouwu gave up excellent pay and decided to make great contributions to their motherland.”可知，图灵奖获得者姚期智、物理学家吴小刚和数学家张守武放弃了丰厚的薪酬，决定为祖国做出巨大贡献。所以该空与其他科学家回国有关。A选项“在他的影响下，许多海外的中国学生回到了中国”符合语境，故选A。 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式补全短文 （2026·天津市中考一模） Huang Xuhua, an outstanding scientist, was a true hero in China. Unfortunately, he 1 (pass) away on February 6th, 2025 in Wuhan, due to illness. Huang was famous 2 the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (潜水艇) and received many high honors. Born in 1926, Huang 3 (grow) up during a time when China suffered under foreign attacks, so he decided to use his 4 (knowledge) to make the country stronger at a very young age. In 1958, 5 his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing and worked hard in secret on the program for the next 30 years. 6 he and his team faced many difficulties and challenges, they successfully launched (发射) China’s first nuclear submarine in 1970. Huang’s life was full of 7 (achievement). In 2018, he was presented with the prize of “Influential Chinese in the World”. In 2019, he was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”, and in 2020, he got the 8 (high) science and technology award in China. Huang cared about China’s future and donated over twenty million yuan 9 (support) scientific research, education, and the spread of science. In a word, he spent his whole life developing 10 (China) nuclear submarine industry and national defense. 【答案】 1．passed 2．as 3．grew 4．knowledge 5．with 6．Although 7．achievements 8．highest 9．to support 10．China’s 【导语】本文讲述了中国核潜艇之父黄旭华院士的生平事迹，包括他的成长、科研贡献、获得的荣誉以及爱国奉献精神，赞扬了他为国家国防事业奉献一生的伟大品格。 【详解】1．句意：不幸的是，他于2025年2月6日在武汉因病去世。pass away“去世”，是固定短语，句中“on February 6th, 2025”表明时态是一般过去时。故填passed。 2．句意：黄作为中国第一艘核潜艇的总设计师而闻名，并获得了许多高级荣誉。固定短语be famous as。故填as。 3．句意：黄生于1926年，在中国遭受外国侵略的时期长大，因此他在很小的时候就决定用自己的知识让国家变得更强大。固定短语grow up表示 “长大”，句子描述过去的经历，用一般过去时。故填grew。 4．句意：黄生于1926年，在中国遭受外国侵略的时期长大，因此他在很小的时候就决定用自己的知识让国家变得更强大。“use his k... to make the country stronger”表示“使用自己的知识来使国家更强”，knowledge“知识”，为不可数名词。故填knowledge。 5．句意：1958年，凭借出色的技能和品质，黄被秘密召往北京，并在接下来的30年里秘密为该项目努力工作。“w... his excellent skills and qualities”表示“凭借出色的技能和品质”，用介词with表示“凭借、具有”。故填with。 6．句意：尽管他和他的团队面临许多困难和挑战，但他们在1970年成功发射了中国第一艘核潜艇。前后句为让步关系，应用Although“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填Although。 7．句意：黄的一生充满了成就。介词of后接名词，结合后文列举的多项荣誉，achievement“成就”符合语义，be full of后接可数名词复数，故填achievements。 8．句意：2019年，他被授予“共和国勋章”，2020年，他获得了中国最高的科学技术奖。“the h... science and technology award in China.”表示“中国最高的科学技术奖”，the后需接形容词最高级highest“最高的”，作定语。故填highest。 9．句意：黄关心中国的未来，捐赠了2000多万元用于支持科学研究、教育和科学普及。捐钱的目的是为了支持科学研究、教育和科学普及,故填to support。 10．句意：总而言之，他毕生致力于发展中国的核潜艇工业和国防事业。故填China’s。 四、选词填空 阅读短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、正确(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词)。 good  for  Chinese  wear  hand  story  cold  everyone  true  where How cruel (残酷的) can a war be? How much do 1 soldiers love their country and people? The film The Battle at Lake Changjin shows us all clearly. The 2 is about the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争). The temperature is -40℃, so it is very 3 there. The Chinese soldiers all 4 thin winter clothes and don’t have enough food or weapons (武器). The US army, on the other side, has a lot of 5 equipment (装备). Chinese soldiers fight 6 their country and people all the time. The most touching (感人的) part in the film is the “Ice Sculpture Company (冰雕连)”. Many soldiers are frozen into ice. But they still look at the front with weapons in their 7 ! More than 4,000 people die from cold during the battle. “ 88 thinks it is a good film,” says high school student Li Lin’en. “The film makes me think about 9 our happy life comes from. Thanks to them, our Chinese dream of living a better life finally comes 10 .” 【答案】 1．Chinese 2．story 3．cold 4．wear 5．better 6．for 7．hands 8．Everyone 9．where 10．true 【导语】本文主要介绍了爱国电影《长津湖》。 【详解】1．句意：中国士兵们有多热爱他们的国家和人民？根据后文“The Chinese soldiers”可知，此处特指“中国”士兵，Chinese“中国的”修饰“soldiers”。故填Chinese。 2．句意：这个故事是关于抗美援朝战争的。根据“The film The Battle at Lake Changjin”可知，此处指代电影所讲述的“故事”，用单数形式。故填story。 3．句意：气温是零下40摄氏度，所以那里非常冷。根据“-40℃”可知，此处指天气“寒冷”，cold“寒冷的”，作表语。故填cold。 4．句意：中国士兵都穿着单薄的冬衣，没有足够的食物和武器。根据“thin winter clothes”可知，此处指“穿着”衣物，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“The Chinese soldiers”是复数，用动词原形。故填wear。 5．句意：另一方面，美军拥有许多更好的装备。根据前文“don’t have enough food or weapons（武器）.”和转折词“on the other side”可知，美军装备更“优良”，“good”的比较级“better”（更好的）符合“中美装备对比”的语境，体现美军装备的优势。故填better。 6．句意：中国士兵一直为他们的国家和人民而战。“fight for”为固定短语，意为“为……而战”。故填for。 7．句意：但他们仍然手里拿着武器注视着前方！“in one’s hands”为固定表达，意为“在某人手中”，此处用复数形式“hands”。故填hands。 8．句意：高中生李林恩说：“每个人都认为这是一部好电影。”此处指代“所有人”对电影的评价，“everyone”（每个人、大家）符合“普遍认可”的语境，作句子主语，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Everyone。 9．句意：这部电影让我思考我们的幸福生活来自哪里。此处引导宾语从句，询问幸福生活的来源，where“哪里”符合“追溯幸福生活起源”的语义，指代士兵们的牺牲与奉献。故填where。 10．句意：多亏了他们，我们过上更好生活的中国梦最终实现了。“come true”为固定短语，意为“实现”。故填true。 一、完形填空 Great people set good examples for us. Let’s know some of them. Yuan Longping is a famous 1 . He spared every effort to develop hybrid rice. His great work 2 millions of people from hunger. Tu Youyou is a gifted pharmacologist. After she 3 lots of hard experiments, she found artemisinin. It can 4 people’s lives. Qian Xuesen, the great scientist, 5 all his life to China’s space industry. He never cared about his own interest. The people 6 stick to their dreams are all heroes. We shouldn’t waste time playing games 7 learning from great people. Not only scientists 8 common workers can be great. No matter what difficulties you 9 , never give up. If you keep working hard, you 10 make your own achievements one day. 1．A．painter B．scientist C．playwright D．director 2．A．saves B．saved C．will save D．save 3．A．do B．does C．did D．will do 4．A．hurt B．save C．avoid D．remind 5．A．devoted B．warmed C．cut D．dealt 6．A．which B．who C．whose D．when 7．A．though B．if C．when D．instead of 8．A．or B．and C．but also D．too 9．A．face B．faces C．faced D．will face 10．A．should B．shouldn’t C．will D．won’t 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过介绍袁隆平、屠呦呦和钱学森等杰出人物的事迹，阐述了伟大人物为我们树立了良好榜样，并鼓励人们无论遇到什么困难都不要放弃，坚持梦想。 【详解】1．句意：袁隆平是一位著名的科学家。 根据后句“He spared every effort to develop hybrid rice.”可知，研发水稻属于科学研究领域。scientist“科学家”符合语境。painter“画家”、playwright“剧作家”、director“导演”均与研发杂交水稻的身份不符。 2．句意：他的伟大工作拯救了数百万人免于饥饿。 根据前句“He spared every effort ...”中的spared可知，整段文字在叙述过去发生的事迹，故此处应用一般过去时。saved“拯救（过去式）”符合时态要求。saves“第三人称单数”、will save“将来时”、save“原形”均不符合时态语境。 3．句意：在她做了许多艰苦的实验之后，她发现了青蒿素。 根据主句“she found artemisinin”中的found可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，从句也应使用一般过去时。did“做（过去式）”符合语法。do“原形”、does“第三人称单数”、will do“将来时”均不符合时态一致性。 4．句意：它可以挽救人们的生命。 青蒿素是治疗疟疾的药物，其作用是挽救生命。save“挽救”符合语境。hurt“伤害”、avoid“避免”、remind“提醒”均不符合药物救死扶伤的语境。 5．句意：伟大的科学家钱学森把他的一生都奉献给了中国的航天事业。 短语devote one’s life to ...意为“把某人的一生奉献给……”，符合钱学森致力于航天事业的语境。devoted“奉献”符合文意。warmed“温暖”、cut“切”、dealt“处理”均不能与life构成此搭配。 6．句意：那些坚持梦想的人都是英雄。 本句包含一个定语从句，先行词是The people，指人，且在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词who引导。which指物，whose表所属关系，when表时间，均不符合。 7．句意：我们不应该浪费时间玩游戏，而应该向伟大的人物学习。 这里表示“而不是”或“代替”，即不应该做前者（玩游戏）而应该做后者（向伟人学习）。instead of“代替，而不是”符合逻辑。though“虽然”、if“如果”、when“当……时候”均不能表达这种取舍关系。 8．句意：不仅科学家，普通工人也可以变得伟大。 not only ... but also ...意为“不仅……而且……”。句中已有Not only，故空格处应填but also。or“或者”、and“和”、too“也”均不能与该句型搭配。 9．句意：无论你面对什么困难，永远不要放弃。 No matter what引导让步状语从句，主句是祈使句，从句通常使用一般现在时。主语you是第二人称，谓语动词应用原形。face“面对”符合语法。faces“第三人称单数”、faced“过去式”、will face“将来时”均不符合此处时态和主谓一致的要求。 10．句意：如果你继续努力工作，总有一天你会取得自己的成就。 本句是If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。will“将要”符合将来时结构。should“应该”、shouldn’t“不应该”、won’t“将不会”均不符合语境或时态要求。 2、 阅读理解 A （25-26·河南平顶山·期末） Peng Shilu was born in a family of heroes in Haifeng, Guangdong in 1925. When he was less than five years old, his parents died. The young boy was taken care of and protected by the poor and he moved between different families and lived a difficult life. The people’s kindness influenced him deeply at his early age. In 1940, Peng Shilu was taken to Chongqing. Later, with the help of the CPC (中国共产党), he went to study in Yan’an. In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering. When he completed his studies, he got an excellent grade. In 1956, Peng Shilu was asked, “Are you willing to change your research field?” “Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!” With the strong belief, Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power at once. In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines (核潜艇) was almost a “blank”. Peng Shilu and other scientists were learning, exploring and practicing. In 1970, China’s first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine. Peng Shilu worked very hard. He spent all his life on nuclear power. “I have only done two things in my life. One is to build nuclear submarines and the other is to build nuclear power stations.” said Peng Shilu. He died on March 22, 2021, at the age of 96. As a pioneer in nuclear power, he is remembered by the people and the country. On March 3, 2022, he was named “Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021”. 1．When did Peng Shilu go abroad to study chemical engineering? A．In 1925. B．In 1951. C．In 1956. D．In 1970. 2．What does the underlined word “blank” most probably mean in the passage? A．A clean piece of paper. B．A mistake in a plan. C．A dark and empty space. D．A situation with no experience or knowledge. 3．Why did Peng Shilu change his research field to nuclear power? A．Because the motherland needed him. B．Because his family asked him to do so. C．Because he got poor grades in chemical engineering. D．Because he was interested in nuclear submarines since childhood. 4．What can we infer from Peng Shilu’s life story? A．He lived a rich and happy life when he was young. B．He was ungrateful to the people who helped him. C．China was the first country to have a nuclear submarine. D．He made great contributions to China’s nuclear power industry. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Heroic Family in Guangdong B．The History of Nuclear Submarines C．Peng Shilu: A Pioneer of China’s Nuclear Power D．Touching China’s Figure of the Year 2021 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了我国核动力先驱彭士禄的生平事迹，讲述他为国转行、投身核潜艇与核电事业、一生奉献的故事。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“In 1951, he went abroad to learn chemical engineering.”可知，彭士禄1951年出国学习化学工程，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“In the early 1960s, China’s development of nuclear submarines was almost a ‘blank’.”可知，当时中国在核潜艇领域几乎没有基础、没有经验，因此“blank”意为“没有经验和知识的状况”，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Of course, as long as the motherland has a need!”可知，他转行研究核动力是因为祖国需要，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Peng Shilu began to study nuclear power at once...China’s first nuclear submarine was built. In 1974, China became the fifth country in the world to have a nuclear submarine.”可知，在中国核潜艇的研制一片空白的情况下，彭士禄与其他科学家建成中国第一艘核潜艇，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家，由此可推断他为中国核电事业做出巨大贡献，故选D。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕彭士禄一生致力于中国核动力、核潜艇、核电站展开，最适合的标题是“Peng Shilu: A Pioneer of China’s Nuclear Power”，故选C。 B What qualities do heroes share? Researchers studied hundreds of hero stories and found three common points. First, heroes care about others more than themselves. They are ready to put other people’s needs first. Second, they have courage. Courage does not mean feeling no fear. It means acting bravely even when you are afraid. Third, heroes keep trying. They do not give up easily when difficulties appear. Heroes do not need special talents or great power. A student who helps classmates with study, a cleaner who keeps streets tidy, a parent who works hard to support the family—all of them can be heroes. The story of heroes tells us: heroism is a choice, not a gift. We can all choose to be brave, kind and responsible. 1．How many shared qualities of heroes are mentioned? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What does courage mean according to the passage? A．Never feeling scared. B．Having great power. C．Acting bravely with fear. D．Having special talents. 3．Which person can be an everyday hero? A．A student who refuses to help classmates. B．A cleaner who works carefully to keep streets clean. C．A person who only thinks of himself. D．Someone who easily gives up when trouble comes. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Famous historical heroes are more important. B．Heroes must have special abilities. C．Heroism is a choice everyone can make. D．It is impossible for common people to be heroes. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了英雄共有的三种品质，说明普通人也可以成为英雄，英雄主义是每个人都可以做出的选择。 【详解】1．原文第一段“found three common points”，文中提到英雄拥有三种共同品质。 2．原文第二段“Courage does not mean feeling no fear. It means acting bravely even when you are afraid.”，勇气意味着心怀恐惧依然勇敢行动。 3．原文第三段“A student who helps classmates with study, a cleaner who keeps streets tidy, a parent who works hard to support the family—all of them can be heroes.”，认真工作、保持街道整洁的清洁工属于平凡英雄。 4．原文最后一段“The story of heroes tells us: heroism is a choice, not a gift. We can all choose to be brave, kind and responsible.”，点明主旨：英雄主义是人人都可以做出的选择。 3、 阅读与表达 （25-26九年级上·山东菏泽·期中） This year marks the 80th anniversary (周年纪念日) of a great victory. 80 years ago, the Chinese people defeated (击败) the Japanese aggressors (侵略者), protected our country, and helped the world end World War II. China has organized many activities this year to show respect for heroes and call for the world to learn from history and value peace. On September 18th, 1931, the Japanese army suddenly attacked Fengtian, today’s Shenyang. The September 18th Incident marked the beginning of Japan’s aggression against China and the start of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance (抵抗) against Japanese Aggression. In the following 14 years, the Chinese people suffered a lot. Cities were broken, villages burned, and lots of people were killed. But the brave Chinese people didn’t give up. The ordinary people and the army united as one to fight against the Japanese aggressors. With hard and heroic fights, we finally drove them off. 我们不仅为我们自己而战。Our resistance was an important part of the world’s fight against fascism (法西斯主义). For years, China was the main battlefield in Asia. We tied down a large part of Japan’s army and made a great contribution to the global victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. 80 years have passed, but the Chinese people’s suffering and fight are still fresh in our memory. And we deeply miss those heroes. They gave their lives to save our country. Today, we are lucky to live in a peaceful age and a peaceful country. But we should never forget the courage and resistance our people showed, and we must keep working to build a stronger and more peaceful country. 1．Why has China organized many activities this year? —————————————————————————————————————————————— 2．When did the Japanese army suddenly attack Fengtian, today’s Shenyang? —————————————————————————————————————————————— 3．请把第三段划线句子翻译成汉语。 —————————————————————————————————————————————— 4．请把汉语句子“我们不仅为我们自己而战。”翻译成英语。 —————————————————————————————————————————————— 5．What should we do today to remember the history and heroes? ————————————————————————————————————————————— 【答案】1．To show respect for heroes and call for learning from history and valuing peace. 2. On September 18th, 1931. 3．但是勇敢的中国人民没有放弃。 4. We fought not only for ourselves. 5．We should never forget the courage and resistance, and keep working to build a stronger and more peaceful country. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国人民抗日战争胜利 80 周年的背景，回顾了九一八事变及抗战历程，强调了中国人民的贡献，并呼吁铭记历史、珍爱和平、建设强国。 【详解】1．根据第一段最后一句“China has organized many activities this year to show respect for heroes and call for the world to learn from history and value peace.”直接提取，可知组织活动的原因即致敬英雄并呼吁珍惜和平。 2．根据第二段第一句“On September 18th, 1931, the Japanese army suddenly attacked Fengtian, today’s Shenyang.”直接提取，即可得出具体日期。 3．划线句子为“But the brave Chinese people didn't give up”，根据第三段内容直译，准确传达原意。 4．汉语句子“我们不仅为我们自己而战。”中，“我们”译为“We”，“不仅……而……”译为“not only...”，“为我们自己”译为“for ourselves”，“战”译为“fought”（根据上下文时态为一般过去时）。故填We fought not only for ourselves. 5．本题为开放性试题，无唯一答案。根据最后一段“we should never forget the courage and resistance our people showed, and we must keep working to build a stronger and more peaceful country.”自拟观点，强调铭记历史并努力建设国家，言之有理即可。 一、阅读理解 （2026·云南大理·中考真题） In ancient China, there was a story about silk. It’s said that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu discovered how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. Silk was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. For hundreds of years, China kept the skill of silk-making a secret under the kings’ orders. During the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian traveled to Central Asia with silk. This journey started the Silk Road, a trade route connecting China with Europe. The road was busy with traders who crossed deserts and mountains. They sold silk and tea from China, bringing back Western treasures like spices, gold and silver. At first, people traded goods. Later, they shared ideas, cultures and technologies. For example, Chinese inventions like paper-making were spread to the West, while new math and science ideas came to China Most importantly, the Silk Road helped cultural exchange. People shared art, music and even language along this ancient road. The Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) is a great example, the art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles and became distinctive. They can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road shows people far away can become friends through trade and shared knowledge. Today, it’s regarded as a great example of cooperation (合作) and exchange. It teaches us to understand and respect different cultures, and work together to create amazing things. 1．Why is Leizu’s story mentioned at the beginning? A．To lead into the topic. B．To show writer’s opinion. C．To ask for readers’ advice. D．To explain a difficult lesson. 2．What were spread from the West to China according to paragraph 2? ①Silk and tea ②Spices, gold and silver. ③Paper-making technology. ④New ideas of science and math. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 3．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 3? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 4．Where is this passage most likely to be found? A．In a travel guide to Europe. B．In a science textbook C．In a history magazine. D．In a fashion magazine. 5．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文以嫘祖发明丝绸的故事开篇，介绍了丝绸之路的起源、贸易往来、文化交流的作用，以及其在当代的意义，阐明了跨文化交流的重要性。 【详解】1．对应第1段：文章开篇讲述嫘祖发明丝绸的故事，是为了引出丝绸之路这一核心话题。 2．对应第2段：文中提到“bringing back Western treasures like spices, gold and silver”以及“new math and science ideas came to China”，说明从西方传入中国的是②香料、金银和④新的科学与数学思想。 3．对应第3段：后文提到“They can not be seen anywhere else.”，说明distinctive意为“独特的、特别的”，和special意思一致。 4．对应全文：文章围绕丝绸之路的历史、文化交流等内容展开，属于历史类内容，因此最可能出现在历史杂志中。 5．对应全文：文章重点讲述了丝绸之路促进的文化交流、合作与理解，核心是跨文化交流的重要性。 $