Unit1分层巩固作业设计 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

人教版英语九年级上分层巩固作业设计 Unit 1　The Changing World Class：________　 Name：________　 No. ________ Time（用时）：________ 使用说明： Ⅰ.每单元六个课时，每课时约20分钟，分 A / B / C 三层： A 层：全员必做—基础过关题； B 层：基础巩固层—降阶拓展； C 层：能力提升层—升阶拓展。 Ⅱ.选做方式： A 层全员必做； B 层与 C 层二选一选做。基础较弱同学选 B 层，基础较好同学选 C 层。 Ⅲ.课时划分依据新人教版（2024）： 第一课时Section A 1a–2d 第二课时 Section A 3a–3d 第二课时Grammar Focus 4a–4c 第四课时 Section B 1a–1f 第五课时 Section B 2a–2c 第六课时 Section B 3a–3d 第一课时 Section A 1a–2d　 核心目标：掌握本课时核心词汇（sandstorm, rough, shortage, narrow, support, improve, be covered with 等），初步感知并运用 used to do 结构描述家乡过去与现在的变化。 作业完成时间： 分钟 【A层】 基础过关 一、词汇与词组：根据句意及首字母或中文提示，用本课时词汇的正确形式填空。 (1) The road used to be r________ (崎岖的), but now it is wide and flat. (2) There was a serious s________ of water in my hometown in the past. (3) The hills were c________ with sand, but now they are covered with trees. (4) With the g________ (政府) support, they began planting trees in sandy areas. (5) The old streets used to be n________ (狭窄的) and crowded. 二、重点句型：用 used to 或 didn’t use to 完成句子，每空一词。 (1) People ________ ________ travel on foot, but now they travel by car. (2) There ________ ________ ________ a hospital here, but now there is a big one. (3) The hills ________ ________ ________ covered with sand. Now they are green. 三、综合能力提升。 1. 按要求完成句型转换。 (1) My hometown was small and poor in the past.（改为 used to 句） → My hometown ________ ________ ________ small and poor. (2) There were rough roads here before.（改为 used to 句，保持句意不变） → There ________ ________ ________ rough roads here. 2.主题情境题句仿写。（仿照例句，用 used to 改写下列句子。） 例句：My hometown was a small village. → My hometown used to be a small village. (1) The road was rough. → The road ________ ________ ________ rough. (2) There was no hospital here. → There ________ ________ ________ no hospital here. 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 一、短文填空: 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每空一词）。 My hometown ________ (use) to be a poor village. The roads ________ (be) rough and narrow, and the hills ________ (be) covered with sand. There ________ (be not) any tall buildings. But now it is a modern town. The government ________ (build) new roads and a hospital. People’s life is much better now. 二、 语篇阅读：阅读短文，根据短文内容判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 Li Wei’s grandfather often tells him about the changes in their hometown. Forty years ago, there was only a small village here. The roads were narrow and rough. People used to walk or ride bikes to work. There was no hospital, so sick people had to travel far to see a doctor. There was a serious shortage of water, and the hills were covered with sand. Sandstorms happened all the time. Today, wide highways connect the village with the city. The government has built a new hospital and a library. The hills are covered with green trees. People’s life has become much more convenient. ( ) 1. Forty years ago, the roads in the village were wide and flat. ( ) 2. People used to go to work by bike or on foot. ( ) 3. The village has always had a hospital. ( ) 4. Sandstorms used to happen frequently in the past. ( ) 5. The government has helped improve the village. 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、用方框中的词填空，每词限用一次。sandstorm　rough　shortage　narrow　improve　support　convenient My grandfather lived in a small village. The roads used to be ________ and ________. There was a ________ of water, and ________ often happened. Life was very difficult. But with the government’s ________, things have changed a lot. The roads are wide now, and it is ________ to travel. People’s lives have ________ greatly. 二、完形填空：阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Li Rui’s hometown is in Guizhou. It __1__ very different twenty years ago. The hills __2__ covered with sand, and there were __3__ sandstorms. The roads were rough and narrow. There __4__ no hospital or library. Most people __5__ hard but lived a poor life. However, great changes __6__ since 2005. With the government’s support, people have planted millions of trees. The hills __7__ green now. New wide roads and a hospital __8__ built. Li Rui says he is proud of his hometown. ( ) 1. A. is　 B. was　 C. has been　 D. will be ( ) 2. A. are　 B. were　 C. have been　 D. was ( ) 3. A. few　 B. little　 C. many　 D. much ( ) 4. A. was　 B. were　 C. has been 　 D. had ( ) 5. A. work　 B. works　 C. worked　 D. have worked ( ) 6. A. take place　 B. took place　 C. have taken place　 D. has taken place ( ) 7. A. become　 B. became　 C. have become　 D. was becoming ( ) 8. A. have　 B. has　 C. have been　 D. has been 第二课时　Section A 3a–3d　 核心目标：读懂关于村民生活变化的采访对话，掌握核心词汇（greenhouse, tourism, attract, product 等），能提取过去与现在的对比信息，进一步巩固 used to 和现在完成时的运用。 作业完成时间： 分钟 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇与词组：根据句意及首字母提示填空。 (1) Ms Wu grows fruit and vegetables in large high-tech g________. (2) The village has become a tourist a________. Many visitors come here. (3) They sell local p________ to tourists and online. (4) The new h________ connects the village with the city. (5) Many young people have come back to live and work in the v________. 二、重点句型：用 used to 或现在完成时完成句子。 (1) Ms Wu ________ ________ (grow) a few vegetables on a small farm. Now she ________ ________ (build) large greenhouses. (2) Many young people ________ ________ ________ (work) in big cities. But now more of them ________ ________ ________ (come) back. (3) There ________ ________ ________ (be) no hospital here. But the village ________ just ________ (build) a new one. 三、综合能力提升：根据3a对话改编的短文，用括号内所给词语的正确形式填空。 Over the past 20 years, great changes have taken place in the villagers' hometown. Many young people used to _________ (work) in big cities, but now more of them _________ (come) back to live and work locally. Ms. Wu said they had changed the way they _________ (farm). In the past, she _________ (grow) a few vegetables on a small farm and _________ (sell) them at the local market. Now, she has large, high-tech greenhouses and sells _________ (ton) of fruit and vegetables in large cities. The new highway and railway have helped a lot. The village has become a tourist ______ (attract). They sell local products to tourists and online to people all over China. These changes have greatly _________ (improve) their lives. They now have new _________ (house), and the village _________ (build) a new hospital and a library recently. Together, they are building a new socialist village. 【B层】 同主题降阶拓展 一、仿照例句，用 used to 或现在完成时改写句子。 例句：Ms Wu grew vegetables on a small farm.（used to）→ Ms Wu used to grow vegetables on a small farm. (1) Many young people worked in big cities.（used to）→ Many young people ________ ________ ________ in big cities. (2) The village built a new hospital.（现在完成时）→ The village ________ ________ a new hospital. 二、阅读根据3a对话改编的短文，回答问题或将划线句子翻译成中文。 Mr. Yan and Ms. Wu were interviewed by a reporter about the changes in their hometown over the last 20 years. Mr. Yan said life had changed a lot. Many young people used to work in big cities, but now more of them have come back to live and work locally. Ms. Wu added that they had changed the way they farmed. She used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market. Now, she has large, high-tech greenhouses, growing tons of fruit and vegetables to sell in large cities. The new highway and railway have helped a lot, turning the village into a tourist attraction. They can now sell local products to tourists and even sell products online to people all over China. These changes have greatly improved their lives. 5. They now have new houses, and the village has just built a new hospital and a library. Together, they are building a new socialist village. 1. Where did many young people use to work before they came back? 2. How did Ms. Wu farm in the past? 3. What have the new highway and railway brought to the village? 4. What new public facilities (公共设施) has the village built? 5.（翻译） 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、语篇阅读：阅读短文，回答下列问题。 In 2005, Zhang Hua’s village in Gansu was a poor place. The land was sandy, and sandstorms were common. Most families grew corn and wheat, but the harvest was poor. Zhang Hua’s father used to walk two hours to the nearest market to sell vegetables. There was no hospital, and children had to go to school in a town far away. In 2010, the government started a program to improve the environment. They planted trees and built new roads. Zhang Hua’s father learned to grow watermelons in greenhouses. Now the village sells watermelons all over China. “We used to be poor, but now we have a better life,” Zhang Hua says. “My sister has gone to college, and I have opened an online shop to sell our products.” (1) What was the village like in 2005? (2) How did Zhang Hua’s father go to the market in the past? (3) What did the government do in 2010? (4) What does Zhang Hua’s family sell now? (5) What does Zhang Hua think of the changes? 二、小写作 3. 根据课文3a的内容，用5、6句话简要介绍你所居住的村庄或诚镇的变化。要求至少使用2处 used to 结构和1处现在完成时。 第三课时　Grammar Focus 4a–4c　（一般过去时、used to 与现在完成时） 核心目标：能区分并运用一般过去时、used to do 和现在完成时三种时态描述变化。掌握现在完成时的标志词（yet, ever, just, for, since）及 used to 的肯定、否定和疑问形式。 作业完成时间： 分钟 【A层】基础过关 一、语法基础： 用所给动词的适当形式填空，注意时态区别。 (1) My father _____________ (become) a doctor about 20 years ago. (2) They _____________ (not see) each other for ages. (3) We ________ (have to) travel far to see a doctor, but now our town has built a new hospital. (4) People ________ (wear) simple clothes in the past. Now our clothes _____________ (be) colorful and fashionable. (5) Traffic _____________ (become) very fast and convenient for five years. (6) People used to ________ (pay) with cash. Mobile payment _____________ (take) the place of cash now. 二、句型转换：按要求完成句子。 (1) He used to walk to school.（改为否定句） → He ________ ________ ________ walk to school. (2) She used to live in a small village.（改为一般疑问句） → ________ she ________ ________ live in a small village? (3) They have lived here for ten years.（对划线部分提问） → ________ ________ have they lived here? 三、综合运用：用 used to、一般过去时或现在完成时填空，使短文完整通顺。 My grandfather ________ (tell) me that his hometown _____________ (be) very different fifty years ago. People _____________ (live) in small old houses and they _____________ (not have) enough food. They _____________ (walk) or _____________ (ride) bikes to work. But great changes _____________ (take) place since then. New roads and railways _____________ (build). People _____________ (move) into big and bright houses. My grandfather says his hometown _____________ (become) much better. 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 1、 语法识记：用 used to 或 didn’t use to 完成句子。 (1) People ________ ________ (walk) to work. Now they drive cars. (2) There ________ ________ ________ (be) a library here. Now there is one. (3) My father ________ ________ ________ (have) a mobile phone. Now he uses one every day. 二、时态选择：选择括号中正确的动词形式填空。 (1) My hometown ________ (was / has been) poor twenty years ago. (2) Great changes ________ (took place / have taken place) since 2005. (3) The government ________ (built / has built) a new hospital last year. 三、短文填空：用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每空一词）。 My hometown ____________ (change) a lot since I was a child. Twenty years ago, the roads ___________ (be) narrow. There ____________ (be not) any tall buildings. People ____________ (use) to walk everywhere. But now the government ____________ (build) wide roads and many modern buildings. People ____________ (have) cars and they ____________ (travel) by high-speed train. I am proud of my hometown. 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空:综合运用 used to、一般过去时和现在完成时填空。 I ____________ (live) in this town since 2000. Twenty years ago, it ____________ (be) a quiet place. There ___________ (be) only one small shop. People ____________ (use) to ____________ (grow) vegetables in their gardens. But great changes ____________ (take) place in the last ten years. The government ___________ (build) a new hospital and several supermarkets. People ____________ (become) richer. My father ____________ (buy) a car last year. My mother ____________ (join) a dancing club. Life ____________ (become) much more colorful. 二、句型转换: 按要求完成句子。 (1) There used to be a small river here.（改为否定句） → There ________ ________ ________ ________ a small river here. (2) People have paid with mobile phones since 2015.（改为一般疑问句） → ________ people ________ with mobile phones since 2015? (3) They have lived in this city for five years.（改为同义句） → They have lived in this city ________ five years ________. (4) He used to play football every day.（对划线部分提问） → What ________ he ________ ________ ________ every day? 2、 语篇语法填空: 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 Great changes1_______ (take) place in my hometown. Fifty years ago, people 2_______ (live) in small houses and 3_______ (not have) enough food. They 4_______ (walk) or rode bikes to work. There 5_______ (be) no hospital, so sick people 6_______ (have to) travel far. But now everything 7_______ (change). The government 8_______ (build) new roads and a modern hospital. People 9_______ (move) into tall buildings. My grandpa says he 10_______ (never see) such a wonderful change in his life. 第四课时　Section B 1a–1f　On the Fast Track 核心目标：读懂关于肯尼亚蒙内铁路的新闻报道，掌握核心词汇（railway, benefit, convenient, business, comment, conclusion 等），能提取关键数据信息（2017年开通、480公里、约5—6小时、超200万乘客/年），理解铁路建设如何改善人民生活。 作业完成时间： 分钟 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇与词组: 根据句意及首字母提示填空。 (1) The new r________ connects Mombasa and Nairobi. (2) The high-speed train makes travel more c________. (3) Many people b________ from the new railway. (4) The manager said the railway brought more b________ to the area. (5) In c________, the railway has changed people’s lives greatly. 二、翻译要求：结合课文语境，将下列句子翻译成英文或中文。 1. 过去，连接家乡和首都的只有崎岖的公路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路。 _______________________________________________________________ 2. 过去乘坐旧火车去首都需要花费10个小时。 _______________________________________________________________ 3. 然而，在中国帮助下修建的新铁路，已经将旅行时间缩短到了大约五到六个小时。 _______________________________________________________________ 4. 过去需要数百辆卡车在两个城市之间运送食物，但现在只需要两三列火车。 _______________________________________________________________ 5. Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world. _______________________________________________________________ 三、短文填空：用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每空一词）。 In 2017, a new railway ________ (open) in Kenya. It ________ (connect) Mombasa and Nairobi. Before that, the only connection ________ (be) a rough road and an old railway. The old train ________ (take) 10 hours. The new railway is 480 kilometers long and it ________ (make) travel much faster. Now people ________ (benefit) a lot from it. Business ________ (become) more convenient, and people can eat fresher food. The railway ________ (change) many people’s lives. 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 阅读下面由1b改编的短文，根据首字母、中文提示或括号内的词，在横线上填入恰当的单词并注意词形变化。 In 2017, a new 480-kilometre 1. r________ （铁路）was opened between Mombasa and Nairobi in Kenya. Before that, the only transport links were rough roads and an old railway line 2.___________ ( complete) in 1901. The old trains were very slow, and it took 10 hours to get to Nairobi. However, the new railway, 3. _________（build）with China's help, has already 4. ______ (缩短) the travel time to about five to six hours. Now, more than two million 5.___________ ( passenger) use it every year. Local Kenyans have 6. ______________(受益) a lot. A government worker said many changes have taken place and people have become rich. A businessman said it was very 7.______ ( convenience) and didn't cost much. He could make business 8. ______ (deal) on time. The railway also made the 9. ____________（运输）of food easier. Instead of hundreds of 10. ______ (lorry), now only two or three trains are needed. As a result, people have more 11._________ (新鲜的) food to eat. Although China and Kenya are 12.______ ________ (遥远), the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world. 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、完形填空：阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 The Mombasa–Nairobi Railway in Kenya is a great example of how infrastructure can change people’s lives. Before 2017, traveling between the two cities __1__ a very long time. The old railway was built in 1901 and the trains were slow. It took about ten hours. The road was __2__ and dangerous. But in 2017, a new railway __3__. It is 480 kilometers long and reduces the travel time to about five to six hours. More than two million passengers __4__ it every year. The railway has also made food transport much __5__. In the past, it took hundreds of lorries to carry food. Now only two or three trains are needed. People can eat more __6__ food. Local Kenyans say the railway has __7__ them a lot. People have become richer, and business has become more __8__. Travel is also cheaper. The railway has truly put Kenya on the fast track. ( ) 1. A. took　 B. spent　 C. cost　 D. paid ( ) 2. A. wide 　B. smooth　 C. rough　 D. modern ( ) 3. A. was opened　 B. opened　 C. has opened　 D. is opened ( ) 4. A. take　 B. takes　 C. took　 D. have taken ( ) 5. A. harder　 B. easier　 C. slower　 D. worse ( ) 6. A. old　 B. fresh　 C. expensive　 D. frozen ( ) 7. A. hurt　 B. harmed　 C. benefited　 D. changed ( ) 8. A. difficult　 B. convenient　 C. expensive　 D. slow 二、语篇阅读：阅读短文，回答下列问题。 The Mombasa–Nairobi Railway, also known as the SGR (Standard Gauge Railway), was opened in 2017. It is a 480-kilometer railway that connects Kenya’s capital, Nairobi, with the port city of Mombasa. Before the new railway, the old railway, built in 1901, was the only rail connection. The old trains were slow and often broke down. The road between the two cities was rough and crowded with lorries. The new railway has changed many things. First, it has made travel much faster. What used to take ten hours now takes only five to six hours. Second, it has made food transport easier. In the past, hundreds of lorries were needed to carry food. Now two or three trains can carry the same amount. This means people can eat fresher food. Third, it has helped business. Goods can be moved quickly and on time. Local people say they have benefited a lot. “We used to struggle, but now life is better,” one Kenyan said. (1) What does SGR stand for? _______________________________________________________________ (2) How long did the old railway take between the two cities? _______________________________________________________________ (3) What was the road like before the new railway? _______________________________________________________________ (4) Why can people eat fresher food now? _______________________________________________________________ (5) What is the main idea of the passage? _______________________________________________________________ 第五课时　Section B 2a–2c　Vocabulary in Use（词汇运用） 核心目标：掌握本课时核心词汇（wide, bridge, capital, corn, product, sandy, soil, government, result 等），发现并运用合成词构词规律（sandstorm = sand + storm），能用所学词汇描述塞罕坝的变化。 作业完成时间： 分钟 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇与词组：根据句意及首字母或中文提示填空。 (1) Beijing is the c________ of China. (2) The road used to be narrow and dirty. Now it is w________ and clean. (3) The ________ (桥) made it convenient for villagers to travel across the river. (4) Farmers grow ________ (玉米) in their fields. (5) A digital ________ (产品) is something you sell online. 二、合成词规律：将下列的不同的单词合在一起构成另一个词（有些词可能不止用一次），并写出中文意思。 sand way high green storm farm land rail house 例：farmhouse农舍____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、选词填空：用方框中的词填空，每词限用一次，注意词形变化。 sandstorm　sandy　government　soil　wide　bridge　capital　corn　product　result (1) The ________ has built a new road to help farmers sell their products. (2) In the past, ________ often hit the area, making life difficult. (3) The road was too narrow, so they built a new ________ one. (4) The ________ in this area is very rich, so crops grow well. (5) The new ________ made it easier for villagers to cross the river. (6) Farmers grow ________ and other crops in their fields. (7) Beijing is the ________ of China. (8) This digital ________ is very popular among young people. (9) The land used to be ________ , but now it is covered with green trees. (10) ________ , people in Saihanba have a much better life now. 【B层】 同主题降阶拓展 一、主题句翻译。 1. 这条路过去又窄又脏。现在它又宽又干净。（used to be... now...） ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这座桥让村民们过河去城里变得很方便。（make it convenient for sb. to do sth.） ____________________________________________________________________ 3. 塞罕坝的今天是人们共同努力的结果。（the result of...） ____________________________________________________________________ 二、完形填空：阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Saihanba is a great example of how people can change the environment. In 1962, the land was __1__ and there were few trees. Sandstorms were common, and the __2__ was too poor to grow crops. The __3__ decided to take action. With the support of the government, people began planting trees. It was not easy. The weather was __4__ and the soil was not good. But they did not give up. After many years of hard work, the land __5__. Now Saihanba is a green forest. The soil is rich, and farmers can grow __6__ and other crops. A new __7__ connects the forest with nearby cities, making it easier for farmers to sell their __8__. Saihanba has become a symbol of China’s environmental protection efforts. ( ) 1. A. sandy　 B. rich　 C. green　 D. wet ( ) 2. A. bridge　 B. soil　 C. product　 D. capital ( ) 3. A. villagers　 B. government　 C. tourists　 D. farmers ( ) 4. A. warm　 B. rough　 C. mild　 D. pleasant ( ) 5. A. changed　 B. was changed　 C. has changed　 D. changing ( ) 6. A. sandstorms　 B. corn　 C. bridges　 D. products ( ) 7. A. highway　 B. railway　 C. bridge　 D. road ( ) 8. A. soil　 B. products　 C. capital　 D. land 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、综合运用：用方框中的词填空，每词限用一次。 sandy　soil　government　corn　bridge　products In 1962, Wang Shanghai moved to the ________ lands of Saihanba. There were few trees to hold the sand together. Sandstorms happened all the time. But with support from the ________, people began planting trees. Today, Saihanba is a green forest. The ________ is rich, and farmers can grow ________. A new ________ connects the forest with the nearby city. They sell their ________ to nearby cities. 二、阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并完成主观题。 Ten years ago, Green Valley was a forgotten place. Young people, including Li Hua, had no choice but to leave their hometown to seek opportunities in big cities. The village was poor, with only a bumpy dirt road connecting it to the outside world. Worse still, years of deforestation (滥砍滥伐) had turned the surrounding hills into barren lands, which frequently suffered from mudslides (泥石流) during the rainy season. Everything began to change in 2018. The local government launched an ambitious "Ecological Restoration" project. At the same time, a new high-speed railway was constructed, which dramatically cut the travel time from the city to the village to just 40 minutes. Taking advantage of this transportation convenience, the village started to develop eco-tourism. Inspired by the new policies, Li Hua decided to return. He used his savings to transform his old family house into a cozy farmhouse (民宿). "I never imagined my hometown could be like this," Li Hua said. "The air is fresh, the water is clear, and tourists come in droves to escape the noise of the city." Today, over 80% of the young people who once left have returned. They not only run farmhouses but also sell organic agricultural products online, which has greatly boosted the local economy. However, the booming tourism has brought new challenges. As more tourists flood in, the fragile ecosystem faces great pressure. To ensure sustainable development, the village committee has set strict rules, such as limiting the number of visitors per day and banning single-use plastics. Li Hua believes these measures are necessary. "We sacrificed the environment for money in the past. We can't afford to make the same mistake again. We must protect this green valley, for it is not only our home but also our future." （ ）1. What was Green Valley like ten years ago? A. It was a popular tourist destination with modern facilities. B. It suffered from both poverty and severe environmental problems. C. It had a highly developed economy thanks to the high-speed railway. D. It was a green place where young people loved to live. （ ）2. What does the underlined phrase "in droves" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. In large numbers. B. In a hurry. C. In low spirits. D. In perfect order. （ ）3. Why did the village committee set strict rules for tourism? A. To stop young people from returning to the village. B. To limit the development of the local economy. C. To balance economic development with environmental protection. D. To prevent tourists from buying organic agricultural products. （ ）4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To warn people of the danger of mudslides. B. To introduce the history of a high-speed railway. C. To show how a village achieved a green transformation. D. To advise young people to leave big cities for rural areas. 5. (主观题) 结合文章谈谈你对“We can't afford to make the same mistake again.”这句话的理解。 __________________________________________________________________ 第六课时　Section B 3a–3d　写作：Changes in My Life 核心目标：综合运用本单元所学词汇和三种时态（一般过去时、used to、现在完成时），以书面形式描述个人成长或家乡变化，做到结构清晰、时态准确、语言连贯。 作业完成时间： 分钟 【A层】基础过关 一、写作基础：用适当的时态填空。 (1) I ________ (be) short when I was in primary school. Now I ________ (grow) taller. (2) I ________ (use) to be afraid of speaking English. But now I ________ (become) more confident. (3) I ________ (learn) to swim since last summer. (4) Five years ago, I ________ (not like) reading. But now I ________ (read) many books. 二、句型仿写：仿照例句，写出你自己的变化和不变之处。 例句：I used to be short, but now I am tall.（外表） (1) I used to _____________________, but now I _________________________.（性格） (2) I didn’t use to _________________, but now I _________________________.（兴趣爱好） (3) I used to _____________________, but now I _________________________.（学科学习） (4) I didn’t use to _________________, but now I _________________________.（人际关系） (5) I didn’t use to _________________, but now I _________________________.（学习环境） (6)My life has changed in many ways, but one thing has stayed the same: ________________ ________________________ (e.g., my love for my family / my dream). Looking back, I realize that true growth is a journey full of challenges.（不变的坚守与展望） 三、修改好3c的文章，抄写在横线上，注意书写工整，卷面美观。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【B层】同主题降阶拓展 1、 选词填空： 用方框中的词填空。 used to　didn’t use to　have become　has changed (1) I ________ be shy, but now I am brave. (2) I ________ like English, but now I love it. (3) Great changes ________ in my life. (4) My hometown ________ a lot in the past ten years. 二、短文填空：用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每空一词）。 My life ________ (change) a lot. When I was a child, I ________ (be) short and shy. I ________ (use) to play alone. I ________ (not like) sports. But now I ________ (become) taller and more outgoing. I ________ (join) the school basketball team last year. I ________ (make) many friends since then. I ________ (learn) to be a better person. 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、语篇语法填空：在空白处填入适当的词或用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 I ________ (live) in this city since I was born. Over the past ten years, my life ________ (change) a lot. When I was in primary school, I ________ (use) to ________ (be) very shy. I ________ (not have) many friends. I ________ (spend) most of my free time reading at home. But things ________ (change) since I entered middle school. I ________ (join) several clubs and ________ (make) many new friends. I ________ (learn) to play the guitar last year. Now I ________ (be) much more confident. I think these changes ________ (make) me a better person. The Turning Point 二、阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 I used to be an extremely introverted (内向的) boy. In primary school, I would rather hide behind my textbooks than answer a question in class. My biggest fear was making a mistake in front of others, which I believed would inevitably lead to embarrassment. However, a single event in my first year of junior high completely transformed me. It was a compulsory (强制性的) speech contest. Every student had to participate, and I was terrified. I spent countless nights writing and rewriting my speech, but when I stood on the stage, my mind went blank. I stuttered (结巴), forgot my lines, and eventually ran off the stage in tears. I thought it was the most humiliating moment of my life. But my teacher didn't scold me. Instead, she said, "True growth never happens in your comfort zone. You fell today, but how you choose to stand up tomorrow defines who you are." Those words struck a chord with me. Instead of hiding, I joined the school's debate club. I forced myself to speak up, even when my voice trembled. I learned to embrace my imperfections and viewed every mistake as a stepping stone. Three years later, I not only won the school's English speech competition but also became the president of the debate club. Looking back, I realize that the person I was in primary school and the person I am now are totally different. The journey of self-transformation is painful, but the resilience (韧性) I have built is my most valuable treasure. （ ）1. What can we infer about the author's personality in primary school? A. He was highly confident and outspoken. B. He was afraid of public failure and preferred to stay quiet. C. He was forced by his parents to join many contests. D. He was the president of the debate club. （ ）2. What does the underlined phrase "struck a chord with me" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Made me feel angry and defensive. B. Caused me physical pain. C. Touched me deeply and resonated with me. D. Confused me completely. （ ）3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The author won the speech contest in his first year of junior high. B. The author's teacher punished him severely for running off the stage. C. The author improved himself by joining the debate club and practicing speaking. D. The author's transformation happened overnight without any pain. （ ）4. What is the best title for this passage? A. My Embarrassing Speech Contest B. How to Win a Debate Competition C. From Fear to Resilience: My Self-Transformation D. The Importance of Being Introverted 参考答案与简易解析 第一课时 Section A 1a-2d 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇与词组（根据句意及首字母或中文提示填空） 1. rough解析：首字母 r，中文提示"崎岖的"，修饰道路用 rough。 2. shortage解析：a serious shortage of water 是固定搭配，意为"严重缺水"。 3. covered解析：be covered with 意为"被……覆盖"，此处为被动语态。 4. government 解析：g 开头，意为"政府"，with the government support 表示"在政府的支持下"。 5. narrow 解析：n 开头，与 crowded 并列，意为"狭窄的"。 二、重点句型（用 used to / didn't use to 完成句子，每空一词） 1. used to 解析：句意"人们过去步行，现在开车"，表示过去习惯用 used to。 2. didn't use to be 解析：there be 句型的过去否定式，用 didn't use to be。 3. used to be 解析：hills 是复数，但 used to 后永远跟动词原形，所以用 used to be。 三、综合能力提升 1. 按要求完成句型转换 (1) My hometown used to be small and poor. 解析：My hometown was... 改为过去常常的状态，直接用 used to be。 (2) There used to be rough roads here. 解析：There were... 改为 there used to be，注意 be 动词不能丢。 2. 主题情境题句仿写（仿照例句，用 used to 改写） (1) The road used to be rough. 解析：仿照例句，was 直接换成 used to be。 (2) There used to be no hospital here. 解析：There was 改为 there used to be。 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 一、短文填空（用括号内所给词的适当形式填空） used; were; were; weren't / was not; has built 解析：- My hometown used to be：used to do 表示"过去常常"。 - roads were：一般过去时，roads 为复数。 - hills were covered：一般过去时的被动语态。 - There weren't / was not：there be 句型的过去否定形式。 - government has built：修建道路和医院对现在有影响，用现在完成时。 二、语篇阅读（根据短文内容判断正 T / 误 F） 1. F 解析：原文"Forty years ago, the roads were narrow and rough."，并不是 wide and flat。 2. T 解析：原文"People used to walk or ride bikes to work."，与句意一致。 3. F 解析：原文"There was no hospital."，说明过去没有医院，是现在才建了新医院。 4. T 解析：原文"Sandstorms happened all the time."，说明过去沙尘暴频繁发生。 5. T 解析：原文"With the government's support, people have planted millions of trees."，政府帮助植树、修路，改善了村庄。 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、用方框中的词填空（每词限用一次） narrow; rough; shortage; sandstorms; support; convenient; improved 解析：- roads used to be narrow and rough：道路过去又窄又崎岖。 - a shortage of water：固定搭配，意为"缺水"。 - sandstorms happened：沙尘暴经常发生。 - with the government's support：政府的支持。 - it is convenient to travel：出行很方便。 - lives have greatly improved：生活大大改善（现在完成时）。 二、完形填空（从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案） 1. B 解析：twenty years ago 是明确的过去时间，用一般过去时。 2. B 解析：The hills 为复数主语，描述过去的状态用 were。 3. C 解析：sandstorms 是可数名词复数，表示"很多沙尘暴"用 many。 4. A 解析：no hospital or library 遵循就近原则，hospital 为单数，用 was。 5. C 解析：描述过去大多数人的状态，用一般过去时 worked。 6. C 解析：since 2005 是现在完成时的标志，changes 为复数，用 have taken place。 7. C 解析：Now 强调到现在的结果，用现在完成时 have become。 8. C 解析：roads and a hospital 为复数主语，用 have been built（此处选项为 have been）。 第二课时 Section A 3a‑3d 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇与词组 (1) greenhouses 解析：high-tech greenhouses 高科技温室，注意复数。 (2) attraction 解析：tourist attraction 旅游景点，固定搭配。 (3) products 解析：local products 本地产品，复数形式。 (4) highway 解析：连接城乡的“公路/高速公路”。 (5) village 解析：young people return to the village 回到村庄。 二、重点句型 (1) used to grow; has built (2) used to work; have come (3) used to be; has built 三、综合能力提升（短文填空） work; have come; farm; grew; sold; tons; attraction; improved; houses; has built 解析： • used to 后接动词原形 work。 • now 提示现在完成时 have come。 • the way they farmed（过去耕种的方式）用一般过去时。 • In the past 提示 grew 和 sold 用一般过去时。 • tons of 成吨的，固定量词。 • tourist attraction 旅游景点。 • greatly improved 大大改善（现在完成时）。 • new houses 复数。 • recently 提示现在完成时 has built。 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 一、仿写 (1) Many young people used to work in big cities. 解析：used to + 动词原形。 (2) The village has built a new hospital. 解析：现在完成时，has/have + 过去分词。 二、阅读简答与翻译 1. In big cities. 2. She used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm and sell them at the local market. 3. The new highway and railway have turned the village into a tourist attraction and helped sell products online. 4. A new hospital and a library. 解析：原文“the village has just built a new hospital and a library”。 5. 翻译：他们现在有了新房子，而且村里最近建了一座新医院和一个图书馆。 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、语篇阅读 (1) It was a poor place with sandy land; sandstorms were common. 解析：2005年描述。 (2) He used to walk two hours. 解析：原文“walk two hours to the nearest market”。 (3) The government planted trees and built new roads. 解析：2010年项目内容。 (4) Watermelons. 解析：原文“grow watermelons in greenhouses”。 (5) He thinks the changes are good / they have a better life now. 解析：原文“used to be poor, but now we have a better life”。 二、小写作（参考范文） My village used to be a small and poor place. People used to walk on rough roads. But great changes have taken place in recent years. The government has built new wide roads and a hospital. Now it is a modern town and people live a much better life. 第三课时 Grammar Focus 4a‑4c 【A层】基础过关 一、语法基础（动词适当形式） (1) became 解析：20 years ago 一般过去时。 (2) haven't seen 解析：for ages 用现在完成时。 (3) used to have to 解析：used to do 过去常常，have to 不得不。 (4) used to wear; are 解析：in the past 用used to；now 用一般现在时。 (5) has become 解析：for five years 用现在完成时。 (6) used to pay; has taken 解析：过去用现金用used to；现在移动支付取代现金用现在完成时。 二、句型转换 (1) didn't use to 解析：used to 否定形式 didn't use to。 (2) Did; use to 解析：used to 疑问句，句首加Did，动词用原形use。 (3) How long 解析：对 for ten years 提问用How long。 三、综合运用（短文填空） told; was; lived; didn't have; walked; rode; have taken; have been built; have moved; has become 解析： • My grandfather told 过去时。 • his hometown was 过去状态。 • People lived 过去生活。 • didn't have 过去没有足够食物。 • walked/rode 过去出行方式。 • But great changes have taken place since then 现在完成时。 • New roads and railways have been built 被动现在完成时。 • People have moved 现在完成时。 • my hometown has become 现在完成时。 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 一、语法识记 (1) used to walk 解析：过去步行，现在开车。 (2) didn't use to be 解析：过去没有图书馆，现在有了。 (3) didn't use to have 解析：过去没有手机，现在每天用。 二、时态选择 (1) was 解析：twenty years ago 一般过去时。 (2) have taken place 解析：since 2005 现在完成时。 (3) built 解析：last year 一般过去时。 三、短文填空 has changed; were; weren't; used; has built; have; travel 解析： • since I was a child 现在完成时 has changed。 • Twenty years ago 一般过去时 were / weren't。 • used to walk 过去常常步行。 • But now 现在完成时 has built。 • People have cars 现在时。 • they travel 一般现在时。 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、动词填空 have lived; was; was; used; grow; have taken; has built; have become; bought; joined; has become 解析： • since 2000 现在完成时 have lived。 • Twenty years ago 一般过去时 was。 • There was 过去有。 • used to grow 过去常常种。 • in the last ten years 现在完成时 have taken。 • The government has built 现在完成时。 • People have become 现在完成时。 • My father bought 过去时。 • My mother joined 过去时。 • Life has become 现在完成时。 二、句型转换 (1) used to be 解析：否定 didn't use to be，但题目只要求填 used to be（原句否定改肯定？题目是改为否定句，应填 didn't use to be，但空格数限制，常见答案：didn't use to be）。 (2) Have; paid 解析：现在完成时疑问句，Have提前，paid用原形（paid是pay的过去分词）。 (3) since; ago 解析：for five years = since five years ago。 (4) did; use to do 解析：对play football提问，What did he use to do? 三、语篇语法填空 1. have taken 2. lived 3. didn't have 4. walked 5. was 6. had to 7. has changed 8. has built 9. have moved 10. has never seen 解析： ◦ Great changes have taken place 现在完成时。 ◦ Fifty years ago 一般过去时 lived, didn't have, walked, was, had to。 ◦ But now everything has changed 现在完成时。 ◦ The government has built 现在完成时。 ◦ People have moved 现在完成时。 ◦ my grandpa says he has never seen 现在完成时。 第四课时 Section B 1a‑1f On the Fast Track 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇 (1) railway 解析：连接蒙巴萨和内罗毕的铁路。 (2) convenient 解析：make travel more convenient 出行更方便。 (3) benefit 解析：benefit from 从……受益。 (4) business 解析：brought more business 带来更多生意。 (5) conclusion 解析：In conclusion 总之，固定短语。 二、翻译 1. In the past, only rough roads and an old railway built in 1901 connected the hometown with the capital. 2. It used to take 10 hours to go to the capital by the old train. 3. However, the new railway built with China's help has shortened the travel time to about five to six hours. 4. In the past, it took hundreds of lorries to carry food between the two cities, but now only two or three trains are needed. 5. 虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展示了不同国家如何合作共建更美好的世界。 三、短文填空 opened; connects; was; took; makes; benefit; has become; has changed 解析： • In 2017 一般过去时 opened。 • It connects 现在时（铁路目前连接）。 • Before that 一般过去时 was。 • The old train took 10 hours 过去时。 • it makes travel much faster 现在时。 • Now people benefit 现在时。 • Business has become 现在完成时。 • The railway has changed 现在完成时。 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 1. railway 2. completed 3. built 4. shortened 5. passengers 6. benefited 7. convenient 8. deals 9. transport/transportation 10. lorries 11. fresh 12. far away 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、完形填空 1. A took 解析：It took a long time 花费时间，过去时。 2. C rough 解析：与dangerous并列，过去道路崎岖。 3. A was opened 解析：2017年铁路被开通，被动语态。 4. D have taken 解析：More than two million passengers 复数，用have taken（现在完成时）。 5. B easier 解析：make food transport much easier 使运输更容易。 6. B fresh 解析：更新鲜的食物。 7. C benefited 解析：受益，benefited from。 8. B convenient 解析：生意更便利。 二、语篇阅读 (1) Standard Gauge Railway. 解析：原文首段“also known as the SGR (Standard Gauge Railway)”。 (2) About ten hours. 解析：原文“The old trains were slow and often broke down... took about ten hours”。 (3) It was rough and crowded with lorries. 解析：原文“The road between the two cities was rough and crowded with lorries”。 (4) Because the new railway makes food transport faster (only two or three trains are needed). 解析：运输时间缩短，食物更新鲜。 (5) The new railway has greatly changed people's lives in Kenya. 解析：全文主旨。 第五课时 Section B 2a‑2c Vocabulary in Use 【A层】基础过关 一、词汇 (1) capital 解析：北京是中国首都。 (2) wide 解析：与narrow相反，现在路宽了。 (3) bridge 解析：桥梁让过河方便。 (4) corn 解析：玉米。 (5) product 解析：数字产品。 二、合成词规律 sandstorm 沙尘暴；highway 公路；railway 铁路；greenhouse 温室；farmland 农田； 三、选词填空 (1) government (2) sandstorms (3) wide (4) soil (5) bridge (6) corn (7) capital (8) product (9) sandy (10) As a result 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 一、主题句翻译 1. The road used to be narrow and dirty, but now it is wide and clean. 2. The bridge makes it convenient for villagers to cross the river to the city. 3. Today's Saihanba is the result of people's joint efforts. 二、完形填空 1. A sandy 解析：1962年土地沙化。 2. B soil 解析：土壤贫瘠。 3. B government 解析：政府采取行动。 4. A rough 解析：天气恶劣/粗糙（这里指艰苦）。 5. C has changed 解析：现在完成时，土地已经改变。 6. B corn 解析：种玉米。 7. A highway 解析：高速公路连接。 8. B products 解析：卖农产品。 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、综合运用 government; soil; corn; bridge; products 解析：根据塞罕坝语境，政府支持，土壤变好，种玉米，建桥，卖产品。 二、阅读理解 1. B 解析：十年前贫困且环境恶劣（原文第一段）。 2. A 解析：in droves 成群结队，大量。 3. C 解析：平衡经济发展与环境保护（原文最后一段）。 4. C 解析：展示村庄如何实现绿色转型。 5. 主观题参考：We used to destroy the environment for money. Now we must protect it. We can't repeat the same mistake of sacrificing nature for short-term economic gain. 解析：结合文章，过去牺牲环境赚钱 第六课时 Section B 3a‑3d 写作 【A层】基础过关 一、写作基础 (1) was; have grown 解析：过去矮用was；现在已经长高用现在完成时。 (2) used; have become 解析：过去害怕用used to；现在变得更自信用现在完成时。 (3) have learned 解析：since last summer 现在完成时。 (4) didn't like; have read 解析：五年前不喜欢用一般过去时；现在已经读了很多用现在完成时。 二、句型仿写（示例） (1) I used to be shy, but now I am outgoing. 解析：性格从内向到外向。 (2) I didn't use to like sports, but now I play basketball every day. 解析：兴趣爱好改变。 (3) I used to hate math, but now I find it interesting. 解析：学科学习改变。 (4) I didn't use to talk to strangers, but now I make friends easily. 解析：人际关系改变。 (5) I didn't use to have a computer, but now I study online. 解析：学习环境改变。 (6) ... one thing has stayed the same: my love for my family. 解析：不变的坚守。 三、修改好3c的文章，抄写在横线上（略，需学生自行完成） 【B层】同主题降阶拓展 一、选词填空 (1) used to 解析：过去害羞，现在勇敢。 (2) didn't use to 解析：过去不喜欢，现在热爱。 (3) have become 解析：生活中发生巨大变化（现在完成时）。 (4) has changed 解析：家乡在过去十年变化很大（现在完成时）。 二、短文填空 has changed; was; used; didn't like; have become; joined; have made; am learning 解析： • My life has changed 现在完成时。 • When I was a child 过去时 was。 • I used to play 过去常常。 • I didn't like 过去不喜欢。 • But now I have become 现在完成时。 • I joined 过去时（last year）。 • I have made 现在完成时（since then）。 • I am learning 现在进行时（正在学习成为更好的人）。 【C层】同主题升阶拓展 一、语篇语法填空 have lived; has changed; used; be; didn't have; spent; have changed; joined; made; learned; am; have made 解析： 二、阅读理解 1. B 解析：小学时害怕公开失败，喜欢安静。 2. C 解析：struck a chord with me 触动我心弦，引起共鸣。 3. C 解析：作者通过加入辩论俱乐部练习演讲提高了自己。 4. C 解析：从恐惧到韧性：我的自我转变，概括全文。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $