考前押题02 词汇&短语&句型精练(期中专项训练)八年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版

2026-10-13
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考前押题02 词汇&短语&句型精练 一、单词拼写 1.The piano is in good ____________(状况). You needn’t buy a new one. 【答案】condition 【详解】句意:这架钢琴状况良好。你不必买新的。根据下文“You needn’t buy a new one.”可知,这里是说钢琴状况良好,condition名词,状况。故填condition。 2.It is ________ for such a hard-working student to pass the exam. (nature) 【答案】natural 【详解】句意:这样一个努力学习的学生通过考试是很自然的。分析句子结构可知用“It's adj. for sb. to do sth.”句型,此处用形容词作表语,根据“for such a hard-working student to pass the exam”结合常识可知努力学习的学生自然会通过考试,用nature的形容词形式natural表示“自然的”。故填natural。 3.Don't take r__________. It's dangerous. 【答案】risks 【详解】句意:不要冒险。它很危险。根据“It's dangerous.”可知很危险,应是提醒别冒险。冒险take risks,固定搭配。故填risks。 4.He put his arms around his son's ________ (肩膀) and said, "We will be with you forever." 【答案】shoulders 【详解】句意:他搂着儿子的肩膀说:“我们将永远和你在一起。”shoulder“肩膀”,是一个可数名词,根据“put his arms around”可知,此处用复数形式,故填shoulders。 5.The rules ________ (允许) students to bring their own water bottles to class. 【答案】allow 【详解】句意:这些规定允许学生带自己的水瓶到课堂上。“允许”对应的英文是allow,动词;句子主语The rules为复数,时态为一般现在时,因此用动词原形allow。 6.The children were s________ (遭受) from the terrible disease in those days. 【答案】suffering/uffering 【详解】句意:在那段日子里,孩子们饱受这种重病折磨。根据空前“were”以及空后“in those days”可知此处是过去进行时,其构成为“was/were + doing”;suffer from意为“遭受;患病;受……之苦”;结合首字母s以及汉语提示,填suffering。 7.Bill told Henry not to move because sudden movements might be ________ (harm). 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意:比尔叮嘱亨利不要乱动,因为突然的动作可能是有害的。might be后接形容词,harm的形容词形式为harmful“有害的”。故填harmful。 8.The Earth is our home. We should protect our ________ (环境). 【答案】environment 【详解】句意:地球是我们的家园。我们应当保护环境。括号内中文提示是“环境”,对应的英文单词是environment,为不可数名词。 9.The doctor advised him ________ (lie) down and have a good rest. 【答案】to lie 【详解】句意:医生建议他躺下好好休息。此处为固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.,意为“建议某人做某事”,所以此处用动词的不定式结构to lie。 10.We should a________ (避免) listening to music while walking on the street. 【答案】avoid/void 【详解】句意:我们应该避免在街上走路时听音乐。情态动词should后接动词原形;结合中文和首字母提示,avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”,故填avoid。 11.My brother won an a________ (奖品) in the school sports meeting last week. 【答案】award/ward 【详解】句意:我哥哥上周在学校运动会上得了一个奖品。不定冠词an后接可数名词单数,结合中文“奖品”及首字母a,填award。 12.My sister is ________ (allergy) to certain fruits, so she has to choose her food carefully. 【答案】allergic 【详解】句意:我的妹妹对某些水果过敏,所以她必须小心选择食物。句中“be+adj.+to sth.”为系表结构;括号内allergy是名词“过敏症”,其形容词形式allergic意为“过敏的”,be allergic to为固定搭配,意为“对……过敏”。 13.Stay c________ about the unknown world, and you will discover endless wonders around you. 【答案】curious/urious 【详解】句意:对未知的世界保持好奇,你会发现身边有无尽的奇迹。stay在此处是系动词,意为“保持”,后接形容词作表语,结合首字母c和“about the unknown world”可知是对未知世界保持好奇,应用形容词curious,固定搭配stay curious about表示“对……保持好奇”,符合语义。 14.Her mother always prepares ________ fresh fruit and vegetables for her every day. (大量) 【答案】plenty of/a lot of/lots of 【详解】句意:她妈妈每天总是给她准备大量的新鲜的水果蔬菜。“大量”可用plenty of或a lot of或lots of表示,修饰fresh fruit and vegetables。 15.The climate in the mountains is ________. That’s why we say “one mountain has four seasons”. (change) 【答案】changeable 【详解】句意:山里的气候多变。这就是为什么我们说“一山有四季”。空处作表语,需用change的形容词形式changeable,表示“多变的”。 16.The doctor asked him to take the ________ (药) three times a day. 【答案】medicine 【详解】句意:医生嘱咐他一天吃三次药。空格前“the”后接名词,表示“药”的名词是medicine,泛指药物时属于不可数名词,没有复数形式,take the medicine“吃药”,固定搭配。 17.We should learn how to ______________ all kinds of problems in our daily lives. (处理) 【答案】deal with 【详解】句意:我们应该学会如何处理日常生活中的各种问题。“处理”对应的短语是deal with和do with。deal with搭配疑问词how,do with搭配疑问词what;本题疑问词是how,且how to后接动词原形,因此填deal with。 18.The doctor will ______________ to see if he has a fever. (量体温) 【答案】take his temperature 【详解】句意:医生将会给他量体温,看看他是否发烧。 固定短语:take one’s temperature意思是“量体温”;从句主语是he,对应物主代词his; will是情态动词,后接动词原形,因此take用原形。 19.Many ________ were excited to know the Changchong Mountain reopened on June 2nd.(climb) 【答案】climbers 【详解】句意:得知长虫山于6月2日重新开放,许多攀爬者很兴奋。根据括号内提示“climb”(攀爬)可知,空格处需要一个表示“人”的名词,climber意为“登山者;攀爬者”,由空格前的Many可知需用复数形式表示“许多登山者”;climber的复数为climbers,与“were excited”相呼应。故填climbers。 20.We need to find a ________ (解决办法) to this problem as soon as possible. 【答案】solution 【详解】句意:我们需要尽快找到这个问题的解决办法。空格前有不定冠词a,需填单数名词,solution意为解决办法。 21.Don’t be ________ (情绪低落) when you meet some difficult problems in your studies. 【答案】upset 【详解】句意:当你在学习中遇到难题时,不要情绪低落。be动词后需接形容词,upset是形容词,含义为情绪低落。 22.To our surprise, the little boy has no difficulty expressing himself c________ (清晰地) in English. 【答案】clearly/learly 【详解】句意:令我们惊讶的是,这个小男孩毫不费力地用英语清晰地表达自己的意思。根据汉语及首字母c提示可知,此处应用副词clearly,修饰动词expressing。 23.It is n________ to feel nervous before giving a speech in front of the class. 【答案】normal/ormal 【详解】句意:在全班面前演讲之前感到紧张是很正常的。It is + adj. + to do sth.表示“做某事是……的”。根据句子“feel nervous before giving a speech in front of the class”和首字母n的提示,紧张是正常的,应填形容词normal。 24.Jane answered the question ________ (nervous) because she was afraid of making a mistake. 【答案】nervously 【详解】句意:简紧张地回答了问题,因为她害怕犯错误。空格处修饰动词“answered”,需用副词形式;“nervous”的副词为“nervously”,意为“紧张地”。 25.He likes to think about all the choices before making a ________ (decide). 【答案】decision 【详解】句意:他在做决定前喜欢考虑所有的选择。句中make a后面需要接名词,decide是动词,对应的名词形式是decision。make a decision是固定搭配,意为“做决定”,应填decision。 26.Mr Lin s________ (幸存) an earthquake last year. He will never forget the terrible scene of the earthquake. 【答案】survived/urvived 【详解】句意:林先生去年在一场地震中幸免于难。他永远不会忘记那场地震可怕的景象。结合中文提示“幸存”和首字母提示,对应的单词是survive,句中的时间状语last year表示过去的时间,由此可以确定本句需要使用一般过去时态,谓语动词要变为过去式,survive的过去式为survived,且survive可以直接后接灾难类名词作宾语,故此处填survived。 27.The kids are completely out of c________ (控制)since their father left home. 【答案】control/ontrol 【详解】句意:自从孩子们的爸爸离家后,他们就完全失去控制了。根据汉语提示“控制”以及首字母“c”可知,对应的英文单词是“control”。固定短语out of control 表示“失去控制”,故填control。 28.Although David is new here, he doesn’t feel l________ and tries to make friends. 【答案】 lonely/onely 【详解】句意:尽管David是新来的,但他不感到孤独并且努力交朋友。结合首字母l及句意,此处指“孤独的”,lonely“孤独的”,描述人的主观感受,符合语境,feel为系动词,后接形容词作表语,应填lonely。 29.He was interested in computers, so he decided to become a ________ (程序员) when he grew up. 【答案】programmer 【详解】句意:他对电脑感兴趣,所以他决定长大后成为一名程序员。句中“a”为不定冠词,后面需要接可数名词单数;“程序员”对应的英文单词是“programmer”。 30.You will feel a strong sense of a________ if you win the first prize in the English speech contest. 【答案】achievement/chievement 【详解】句意:如果你在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖,你会感到一种强烈的成就感。该处需一个名词,在句中作介词“of”的宾语;“win the first prize in the English speech contest”提示语义与“成就感”相关;“a sense of+名词”为固定搭配,要求使用名词形式。结合首字母“a”,因此填写“achievement”。 31.To r________ the risk of getting sick, we should wash our hands often and keep the room clean. 【答案】reduce/educe 【详解】句意:为了降低患病风险,我们应该经常洗手并保持房间干净。根据首字母及句意可知,此处指的是减少。“To”后接动词原形,reduce为动词,表示“减少;降低”,原形即可。 32.During his ________ (青少年的) years, he was very active and joined many school clubs to make new friends. 【答案】teenage 【详解】句意:在他青少年时期,他十分活跃,加入了许多学校社团结交新朋友。此处需要形容词修饰名词“years”。teenage是形容词,意为“青少年的”。 33.Learning a ________ (外语) well can help us understand different cultures all over the world. 【答案】foreign language 【详解】句意:学好一门外语可以帮助我们了解世界各地不同的文化。“外语”对应的固定英文表达是foreign language,空格前有不定冠词a,后面直接接可数名词单数形式即可。 34.The shy girl finally got enough courage to stand on the big ________ (舞台). 【答案】stage 【详解】句意:这个害羞的女孩终于鼓起足够的勇气站上了这个大舞台。空格前“the big”后接名词,表示“舞台”的名词是stage,on the stage“在舞台上”,介词短语。 35.The doctor told the patient to avoid heavy work when he was under a lot of _________ (精神压力). 【答案】stress 【详解】句意:医生嘱咐病人在承受巨大精神压力时要避免繁重的工作。空格前“a lot of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,“精神压力”对应名词stress,不可数名词,故填stress。 36.Because he never gave up after each ________ (失败), he finally became a successful scientist 【答案】failure 【详解】句意:因为在每一次失败之后他从不放弃,他最终成为了一名成功的科学家。括号里中文“失败”,动词是fail;空格前有each(每一个),后面需要可数名词单数,fail的名词形式是failure(失败)。 37.________ (令人惊讶的是), the little boy was able to solve such a difficult problem by himself. 【答案】Surprisingly 【详解】句意:令人惊讶的是,这个小男孩能够独自解决这么难的一道题。surprisingly副词,意为“令人惊讶的是”,放在句首作状语,首字母大写。 38.The girls are old enough to look after ________ (她们自己) . 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意:这些女孩年龄足够大,可以照顾她们自己。句中主语the girls是复数,当宾语和主语指代同一人时要用反身代词,“她们自己”对应的反身代词是themselves。 39.There are ________ (少) students in our class than in yours. 【答案】fewer 【详解】句意:我们班比你们班有更少的学生,“少”用few表达,其后接可数名词复数,句中有than,此处用其比较级fewer。 40.The town is crowded. ___________ people come to enjoy its special beauty.  (成千上万的) 【答案】Thousands of 【详解】句意:这个小镇很拥挤。成千上万的人前来欣赏它独特的美景。thousands of表示“成千上万的”,后面接可数名词复数,句首单词首字母大写。 二、完成句子 41.我不知道如何处理这个问题。 I don’t know _______ _______ _______ __________ this problem. 【答案】 how to deal with 【详解】原句中“如何处理”是关键词,how to do表示“如何做某事”,deal with表示“处理”。故填how;to;deal;with。 42.老师建议我们每天读英语。 The teacher advised us _______ _______ English every day. 【答案】 to read 【详解】原句中“读”是关键词,表示“读”的短语是read。本句用到固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事),to后面接动词原形,to read符合语境。 43.张彤吹长笛来放松。 Zhang Tong plays the flute ________ ________. 【答案】 to relax 【详解】“来放松”对应的英文是“to relax”,此处用“to+动词原形”的不定式结构表目的,故填to relax。 44.李明放学后喜欢编程。 Li Ming likes ________ after school. 【答案】programing 【详解】原句中“编程”是关键词,表示“编程”的动词是program。like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,动词短语,表示长期的爱好。 45.我的老师鼓励了我当众演讲。 My teacher ________ me ________ speak in front of others. 【答案】 encouraged to 【详解】原句中“鼓励”是关键词,表示“鼓励”的动词是encourage,本句描述已经发生过的事情,动词使用一般过去式encouraged。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。 46.我喜欢远足,它帮我锻炼身体。 I like hiking because it helps me ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】 get/do some exercise 【详解】英汉对照,句中缺少关键词“锻炼身体”,对应英文短语为“get some exercise”或者“do some exercise”。help sb. do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”,所以填动词原形get或者do。 47.我决定试一试这件事。 I decided to ________ it a ________. 【答案】 give go 【详解】原句中“试一试”是关键词,“give it a go”意为“试一试某事”,符合句子的语义,“decide to do sth.”结构中to后接动词原形,故①填give;②填固定搭配中的名词go。 48.爸爸正在教我弹吉他。这件事很难,但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 My dad’s teaching me to play the guitar. It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to ________ ________. 【答案】 give up 【详解】原句中“放弃”是关键词,固定搭配give up表示“放弃”;固定结构encourage sb. not to do sth.,to后接动词原形,因此填give;up。 49.你愿意教我写诗吗?我可以教你弹奏一首歌作为回报。 Will you teach me to write a poem? I can teach you to play a song ________ ________. 【答案】 in return 【详解】原句中“作为回报”是关键词,“作为回报”对应的英文固定搭配是in return,用于句末表示交换、回报的含义,符合原句的语境和语法要求。 50.福星开始游泳来克服对水的恐惧。 Fu Xing started swimming to ________ ________ her fear of water. 【答案】 get over 【详解】原句中“克服”是核心关键词,“get over”是固定短语表示“克服”,句中不定式符号to后接动词原形短语。 51.当我开始学习书法时,我花费了数小时练习单个笔画。 When I started to learn calligraphy, I spent hours practising single ________. 【答案】strokes 【详解】原句中“笔画”是关键词,“笔画”对应的英文是stroke,此处指“单个笔画”,是特指书法的单个笔画,用其复数形式strokes,符合语境。 52.妈妈经常叫我不要在床上读书,因为那样对眼睛不好。 My mother often ________ ________ ________ ________ read in bed because it’s bad for my eyes. 【答案】 asks/tells me not to 【详解】原句中关键词是“叫我不要”;固定搭配ask/tell sb. not to do sth.意思是“要求/叫某人不要做某事”。主语“My mother”是第三人称单数,“often”表示“经常”,是一般现在时的标志,所以谓语动词ask变为asks,tell变为tells;“我”在这里作宾语,用宾格me。故填asks/tells;me;not;to。 53.我发现每天早上花半小时朗读英语是重要的。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ read English aloud for half an hour every morning. 【答案】 find it important to 【详解】一空:原句中“发现”是关键词,表达“发现”的动词是find,作句子谓语。二空:句型find it+形容词+to do sth中,it作形式宾语,指代后面的真正宾语。三空:原句中“重要的”是关键词,形容词important。四空:后面接动词原形read,需要用不定式符号to,构成动词不定式。 54.只要明天天气好,我们就去公园野餐。 ________ ________ ________ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park for a picnic. 【答案】 As long as 【详解】原句中“只要”是关键词。“只要”对应的短语是as long as,用来引导条件状语从句;条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则,从句使用一般现在时表将来,主句使用一般将来时,符合题意;句首首字母大写,故填As;long;as。 55.看到人们使用这个应用给我很强的成就感。(完成句子) It gives me a sense of ________ to see people use the app. 【答案】achievement 【详解】原句中“成就感”是关键词,表示“成就感”的固定短语核心名词是achievement,短语a sense of achievement表示“成就感”,空格前为介词of,后接名词,故填achievement。 56.我认为它们是了解不同地方的一种好途径。 I think they’re a good way to ________ ________ different places. 【答案】 learn about 【详解】原句中“了解”是关键词,“了解”对应短语learn about,动词不定式符号to后面加原形。 57.到目前为止,我已经学会了10首英语歌了。 ________________, I have learned 10 English songs. 【答案】So far 【详解】中文“到目前为止”对应的常用英语固定短语是so far,位于句首,所以首字母需要大写。故填So far。 58.去年我自己在莫斯科花费了一周时间。 I ________ a week in Moscow all by ________. 【答案】 spent myself 【详解】根据中文提示,“花费”和“我自己”为关键信息;spend意思为“花费”,“spend+时间+in+地点”,表示“在某地花费多长时间”,由“去年”可知是一般过去时,第一空填spend的过去式spent。“all by oneself ”意思为“独自”,主语是I,反身代词用myself,因此第二空填myself。 59.你应该吃些药、喝足量的水。 You should take some ________ and drink ________ water. 【答案】 medicine enough 【详解】原句中“药”和“足量的”是关键词,表示“药”的名词为medicine,为不可数名词,“take some medicine”为固定短语,意为“吃些药”;表示“足量的”的形容词为enough,在句中作定语修饰名词water。 60.我昨晚吃得太多,现在胃痛。 I ate too much last night, now my ________ aches. 【答案】stomach 【详解】原句中关键词是“胃”,对应英文单词“stomach”。my后面直接接名词stomach作主语,谓语aches用第三人称单数形式,符合语义语法。所以应填stomach。 61.口罩能阻止我们轻易把流感病毒传染给其他人。 Masks can stop us ________ passing the flu virus to others easily. 【答案】from 【详解】原句中“阻止……做某事”是关键词。“阻止某人做某事”用短语stop sb. from doing sth.表达,空缺处需填入介词from。 62.下次要更加小心。 Be more ________ next time. 【答案】careful 【详解】原句中“小心的”是关键词。“小心的”用careful表达,more careful是careful的比较级形式,意为“更加小心”。 63.这些天我饱受头疼的痛苦。 I’m ________ ________ a headache these days. 【答案】 suffering from 【详解】原句中“饱受……的痛苦”是关键词,对应的英文短语为suffer from;分析句子结构可知,主语后已有系动词am,且结合句尾的时间状语“these days”可知,本句应用现在进行时来表示最近阶段持续发生的状况,其构成结构为“be+现在分词”;此处动词suffer应用其现在分词形式suffering。 64.那位病人发高烧了。 The ________ has a high ________. 【答案】 patient fever 【详解】原句中 “病人、发高烧” 是关键词。表示 “病人” 的单词是patient,根据“那位病人”可知,此处用单数。表示 “发高烧” 的固定短语是have a high fever。 65.几秒之内,锅里的火被扑灭了。 In seconds, the fire in the pan ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 was put out 【详解】原句关键词为“被扑灭”,用被动结构“be put out”表示;主语“the fire”为单数,“被扑灭了”表明动作已完成,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故填“was put out”。 66.他扑倒在地,通过在地上翻滚扑灭了身上的火。 He put out the fire by ________ on the ground. 【答案】rolling 【详解】原句关键词为“翻滚”,用“rolling”表示;作介词“by”的宾语,表示方式状语,表示“通过……方式”,故将动词roll变为动名词rolling。 67.多亏了在学校上的急救和安全课程,他知道水会让油火变得更加危险。 ________ ________ the first aid and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! 【答案】 Thanks to 【详解】原句中“多亏了”是关键词,固定短语thanks to,意为“多亏;幸亏”,后接名词短语作原因状语,放在句首单词首字母需大写,故填Thanks;to。 68.掌握急救知识可以帮助我们远离危险。(完成句子) Having first ________ _______ can help us stay away from danger. 【答案】 aid knowledge 【详解】“急救”的固定短语是first aid,题目中已给出first,第一个空应填aid;第二个空“知识”的英文单词是knowledge,不可数名词。故横线处需填入aid;knowledge。 69.但是他离平底锅太近,火苗窜到了他的衬衫上。 But he was so close to the pan that a flame ________ ________ his shirt. 【答案】 jumped onto 【详解】原句中“窜到”是关键词,用短语“jump onto”表示,jump表示“跳跃、窜出”,onto表示“到……上面”;句子描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,jump的过去式是jumped。应填jumped;onto。 70.请牢记安全第一。 Always remember: ________ comes first. 【答案】safety 【详解】原句中“安全”是关键词。“安全”英文为safety,不可数名词,在从句中作主语。故填safety。 71.医生警告吸烟对我们的身体是有害的。 Doctors warn that smoking is ________ to our bodies. 【答案】harmful 【详解】原句中“有害的”是关键词,对应的英文为harmful,形容词作表语。故填harmful。 72.虽然父母很爱朱迪,但对她的成绩要求很高。 ________ her parents love Judy, they have very high standards for her grades. 【答案】Although 【详解】原句中“虽然”是关键词,对应的英文是although,引导让步状语从句,句首单词首字母大写。 73.直到你主动沟通,父母才会知晓你的压力。 Your parents won’t realize your pressure ________ you talk to them. 【答案】until 【详解】原句中“直到……才”是关键词;not…until为固定句型,意为“直到……才”;until作连词,引导时间状语从句,后面接完整句子。因此空处填until。 74.我不知道该怎样处理这类负面情绪。 I don’t know how to ________ ________ such negative emotions. 【答案】 deal with 【详解】原句中“处理”是关键词,表示“处理”的动词短语是deal with,与疑问词how连用,置于不定式符号to之后,需用原形。 75.如果你夏天去贵州,你可以享受凉爽的天气。 ________ ________ go to Guizhou in summer, you can enjoy the cool weather. 【答案】 If you 【详解】原句中“如果”、“你”是关键词,“如果”对应英文连词If,放在句首首字母大写,引导条件状语从句;“你”对应英文为you。 76.多做户外活动,这样你就可以放松了。 Do more outdoor activities ________ ________ you can relax. 【答案】 so that 【详解】原句中“这样”是关键词,对应的英文为so that,引导目的状语从句。故填so;that。 77.我的朋友帮助我保持积极的。(完成句子) My friend helps me stay ________. 【答案】positive 【详解】原句中“乐观”是关键词,stay后接形容词表示保持某种状态,positive为形容词,含义是“乐观的”,因此填positive。 78.不要对自己太过苛刻。(完成句子) Don’t be too hard ________ yourself. 【答案】on 【详解】原句中“对……苛刻”是关键词,表示“对……苛刻”的形容词短语是be hard on sb.,此处应填介词on。 79.试着往好的方面想一想。 Try to ________ ________ the bright side. 【答案】 look on 【详解】原句中“往……想一想”是关键词,look on the bright side是固定表达,意为“往好的方面想”;try to后接动词原形,因此①应填look,②应填on。 80.作为一名科研人员,我的叔叔总是努力寻找解决水资源短缺的办法。 As a researcher, my uncle always tries to find a _______________________ to water shortage. 【答案】 solution 【详解】原句中“解决……的办法”是关键词,表示“解决……的办法”的单词是solution。本句中空格在不定冠词“a”之后,且与后面的介词“to”构成固定搭配“a solution to…”,意为“……的解决方法”,作动词“find”的宾语,需用可数名词单数形式。 81.当我们情绪低落时,爬山是一个不错的选择。 When we are ________ ________ ________, climbing mountains is a good choice. 【答案】 in low spirits 【详解】原句中“情绪低落”是关键词,表示“情绪低落”的英文固定短语是in low spirits。本句为一般现在时,介词短语in low spirits在句中作表语,符合语法要求。 82.你可以通过深呼吸让自己冷静下来。 You can calm down by _______________. 【答案】taking a deep breath 【详解】原句中“深呼吸”是关键词,对应的英文短语为take a deep breath;介词by后需要接动词-ing形式,表示通过某种方式,因此take变为taking。因此应填taking a deep breath。 83.当太阳升起时,数以千计的鸟在空中起舞。 When the sun rose, ______________ birds danced in the air. 【答案】thousands of 【详解】原句中“数以千计的”是关键词,表示“数以千计的”的短语是thousands of。 84.对我来说,它和珍贵的礼物一样重要。 For me, it is ________________ a precious gift. 【答案】as important as 【详解】原句中“和……一样”是关键词,英语中“和……一样”的结构是“as + 形容词原级 + as”;此处形容词“重要的”是important,因此空格处应填入as important as。 85.杰克没有玛丽大,但他比她高。 Jack isn’t ________ old ________ Mary, but he is ________ ________ her. 【答案】 as/so as taller than 【详解】原句中“没有……大”和“比……高”是关键词,前两空:此处要表达“和玛丽一样大”的含义,同级比较结构“as + 形容词原级 + as”表示“和……一样……”,否定句里第一个as也可以替换为so,构成“not as/so + 形容词原级 + as”,意为“不如……”,正好对应“杰克没有玛丽大”的语义;后两空:句中出现了表示比较的标志词than(比),结合“比她高”的语义,要使用形容词tall的比较级taller,构成taller than的比较结构,符合后半句的句意要求。 86.不仅数学,物理对我来说也很难。 ________ ________ Math ________ ________ Physics ________ difficult for me. 【答案】 Not only but also is 【详解】原句中“不仅……也……”是关键词,对应的英文为not only…but also…,位于句首首字母大写;not only…but also…句型遵循主谓一致就近原则,靠近谓语的“Physics”为单数,故谓语用is。故填Not;only;but;also;is。 87.它是世界最深的峡谷之一。 It is one of the ________ canyons in the world. 【答案】deepest 【详解】原句中“最深的”是关键词,“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构,表示“最……之一”,deep的最高级为deepest,因此应填deepest。 88.为了防止情况变得更糟,他决定把它送到动物救助中心。 To keep things from getting _________, he decided to send it to the animal rescue center. 【答案】worse 【详解】原句中“更糟”为关键词,隐含比较含义,因此需要使用比较级,表示“糟”的单词为bad,其比较级为worse,意为“更糟的”,形容词作表语,符合语境。 89.1960 年 5 月 25 日凌晨 4 点 20 分,五星红旗第一次飘扬在世界最高峰上空。 At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, 1960, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 the first time 【详解】原句中文提示关键词为“第一次”,表达“第一次”的固定短语是for the first time。本句时态为一般过去时,动词flew已经是fly的过去式无需变化,空前已有介词for,因此依次填入the;first;time。 90.对大多数人来说,珠穆朗玛峰是世界奇观之一。(完成句子) To most people, Qomolangma is one of the greatest ________________ of the world. 【答案】wonders 【详解】原句中“奇观”是关键词,对应的单词是wonder。句型:one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数,意为“最……之一”,故此处用名词复数形式wonders。 三、翻译 91.我妈妈不允许我和陌生人交谈。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】My mom doesn’t allow me to talk with strangers. 【详解】“我妈妈不允许我和陌生人交谈。”译为“My mom doesn’t allow me to talk with strangers.”。本句描述的是当前的家庭规则或习惯,因此使用一般现在时。“我妈妈”My mom作主语,视为单数第三人称;“不允许”译为“doesn’t allow”,助动词does加not构成否定,谓语动词allow用原形;“允许某人做某事”译为“allow sb. to do sth.”,故“我”me作宾语,“和陌生人交谈”译为“to talk with strangers”,为动词不定式作宾语补足语。 92.我的爸爸鼓励我不要轻易放弃。(汉译英) ___________________________________________ 【答案】My father encourages me not to give up easily. 【详解】“我的爸爸鼓励我不要轻易放弃”译为“My father encourages me not to give up easily.”。“我的爸爸”译为My father;“鼓励某人不要做某事”译为encourage sb. not to do sth.,“放弃”译为give up;“轻易”译为easily。句子陈述客观事实或习惯,使用一般现在时。主语My father是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式encourages。 93.在你的空闲时间你喜欢哪些活动? _________________________________________________ 【答案】What activities do you like in your free time? 【详解】“在你的空闲时间你喜欢哪些活动?”译为“What activities do you like in your free time?”。“哪些活动”用What activities表示;“你喜欢”用do you like表示;“在你的空闲时间”用in your free time表示。这个句子采用了特殊疑问句结构,其中 What activities是疑问词组,do为助动词帮助构成疑问句,主语you,谓语like,in your free time是句末时间状语,用来点明动作发生的时间。 94.我肚子疼。 _________________. 【答案】I have a stomachache 【详解】“我肚子疼”译为I have a stomachache。其中“肚子疼”用固定短语have a stomachache表达;主语是I,一般现在时中谓语动词用原形have。 95.你可能需要拍个X光片来检查一下。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】You might need to take an X-ray to check it. 【详解】“你可能需要拍个X光片来检查一下。”译为“You might need to take an X-ray to check it.”关键词“可能”表达为might,“需要做”表达为need to do,“拍X光”表达为take an X-ray”,“检查”表达为check。 96.——你怎么了?     ——我胃痛。我昨晚吃太多了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】—What’s wrong with you? —I have a stomachache. I ate too much last night. 【详解】“——你怎么了?” 译为“——What’s wrong with you?” ,“什么”用“what”表达,“……怎么了”用“what’s wrong with...”表达,“你”用“you”表达;“我胃痛。”译为“I have a stomachache.” ,“我”用“I”表达,“胃痛”用固定短语“have a stomachache”表达;“我昨晚吃太多了。”译为“I ate too much last night.” ,“我”用“I”表达,“吃”用“eat”表达,根据语境可知,该句时态为一般过去时,所以用“eat”的过去式“ate”,“太多”用“too much”表达,“昨晚”用“last night”表达。 97.虽然我感到压力很大,但我不会轻易和我的父母争吵。 ________________________________________ 【答案】Although I feel very stressed, I won’t argue with my parents easily. 【详解】“虽然我感到压力很大,但我不会轻易和我的父母争吵”译为Although I feel very stressed, I won’t argue with my parents easily。“本句是用Although引导的让步状语从句,注意英语中although不能和but连用。“感到压力很大”用feel very stressed,stressed是形容词做表语;“和某人争吵”为固定搭配argue with sb;“my parents”是my parents;副词easily“轻易地”置于句末修饰动词argue。主句表示将来的意愿或决定,使用一般将来时won’t(will not)。 98.如果我们齐心协力,我们可以完成这项任务。 _________________________________________________ 【答案】If we pull together, we can finish this task. 【详解】“如果我们齐心协力,我们可以完成这项任务”译为“If we pull together, we can finish this task”。“如果”译为if,引导条件状语从句,句首首字母大写;“我们齐心协力”译为we pull together,从句描述一般情况,故用一般现在时,主语是we,谓语用动词原形;“我们可以完成这项任务”译为主句we can finish this task,描述能力,故用情态动词can加动词原形。 99.汉译英:黄河是中国的第二长河。 _____________________________________________________ 【答案】The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 【详解】“黄河是中国第二长河。”译为The Yellow River is the second longest river in China。“第二长河”用固定结构the second longest river表达;“在中国”用介词短语in China作地点状语。 100.你读的书越多,你就越聪明。 ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】The more books you read, the cleverer you will be. 【详解】“你读的书越多,你就越聪明”译为The more books you read, the cleverer you will be。其中“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……就越……”;more修饰可数名词books;cleverer是clever的比较级;前半句用一般现在时表条件,后半句用一般将来时表结果。 主题情境:“Mind & Body × Nature Week”身心与自然探索周海报设计 学校下月将举办 “Mind & Body × Nature Week(身心·自然探索周)”活动。你作为校园英文报编辑,需完成以下三项海报设计任务。 任务一 站点入场券(词汇与短语精练) 从方框中选择恰当的词语,并用其正确形式完成各站点的宣传语。方框: take a break / stay healthy / grow up / natural wonders / be amazed at 1.Relax Station(放松站):This is your time to ________. Close your eyes and enjoy the soft music. 2.Health Station(健康站):To ________, you should eat well, drink water and exercise every day. 3.Growing Station(成长站):Every plant has its own story. Come and watch them ________ day by day. 4.Wonder Station(奇观站):Our country has many ________, such as Mount Tai and the sea of clouds. You will ________ the beauty of nature. 任务二 金句拼接吧(句型精练) 将下列被打乱的词卡重新排列,组成语法正确、语义通顺的完整句子(注意首字母大写和标点)。 1.not only / outdoor activities / relax our bodies / can / but also / help us stay healthy 2.enough sleep / so that / we should get / we can grow and study well 3.the reason why / is that / we enjoy nature / it gives us wonder and calm 任务三 海报角标·微写作(跨学科综合) 在海报右下角 “Nature & Me” 板块写一小段介绍,约 60—80 词。要求:① 至少使用任务一中出现的 3个 短语;② 至少使用 一个 not only…but also… 或 so that… 句型;③ 融入一个简单跨学科观察(如:植物生长需要阳光和水/运动让身体更强壮/休息让大脑更清醒等),内容不超出四单元话题。 【答案】 任务一 1.take a break 2.stay healthy 3.grow up 4.natural wonders;be amazed at 任务二 1.Outdoor activities can not only relax our bodies but also help us stay healthy. 2.We should get enough sleep so that we can grow and study well. 3.The reason why we enjoy nature is that it gives us wonder and calm. 任务三(参考范文) This weekend, I will take a break and go hiking in the hills. Just like young plants need sunshine and water to grow up, we also need fresh air and exercise to stay healthy. When I see those natural wonders, I am amazed at how beautiful the world is. Nature can not only relax our tired minds but also give us energy to study better. 【详解】 任务一 逐空详解 第1空 take a break出自 Unit 1 Time to relax。“this is your time to do sth.”结构中 to 为不定式符号,后接动词原形;take a break 意为“休息一下”,符合“放松站”语境。 第2空 stay healthy出自 Unit 2 Stay healthy。To ____ 为不定式作目的状语,意为“为了保持健康”,stay healthy(保持健康)是单元核心短语,填动词原形。 第3空 grow up出自 Unit 3 Growing。watch sb./sth. do sth. 是感官动词固定用法,后接省略 to 的动词原形;grow up 意为“成长、长大”,描述植物一天天长大,贴合“成长站”。 第4空 natural wonders;be amazed at出自 Unit 4 The wonders of nature。many 后接可数名词复数,natural wonders=“自然奇观”;will 后接动词原形,be amazed at=“对……感到惊叹”,后接 the beauty of nature,语法与语义均成立。 任务二 句型详解 1. not only…but also…(不仅……而且……)主语 Outdoor activities(户外活动)为复数,情态动词 can 统领两个并列动词短语 relax our bodies 与 help us stay healthy,结构为 can not only do A but also do B。融合 U1 relax 与 U2 stay healthy。 2. so that 引导目的状语从句主句 We should get enough sleep(我们应保证充足睡眠),so that 后接 we can grow and study well(以便我们能成长并学得好),can 表目的能力,grow 呼应 U3。 3. The reason why…is that…(……的原因是……)why we enjoy nature 为定语从句修饰先行词 reason;that 引导表语从句说明原因内容 it gives us wonder and calm,其中 wonder 呼应 U4,calm 呼应 U1放松主题。 任务三 微写作评分详解 短语数量:用了 take a break、grow up、stay healthy、natural wonders、be amazed at 共5个,≥3,达标。 复合句型:使用 not only…but also… 连接 relax our tired minds 与 give us energy to study better,达标。 跨学科观察:将“植物需要阳光和水才能 grow up(生物:植物生长条件)”类比到人“需要新鲜空气和运动保持健康(体育与健康)”,并点明自然放松大脑(心理健康),紧扣四单元且未超纲。 语言规范:一般将来时 will take a break / go、类比真理用一般现在时 need、when 时间状语从句,词数约72,符合60—80词。 2 / 24 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 词汇&短语&句型精练 一、单词拼写 1.The piano is in good ____________(状况). You needn’t buy a new one. 2.It is ________ for such a hard-working student to pass the exam. (nature) 3.Don't take r__________. It's dangerous. 4.He put his arms around his son's ________ (肩膀) and said, "We will be with you forever." 5.The rules ________ (允许) students to bring their own water bottles to class. 6.The children were s________ (遭受) from the terrible disease in those days. 7.Bill told Henry not to move because sudden movements might be ________ (harm). 8.The Earth is our home. We should protect our ________ (环境). 9.The doctor advised him ________ (lie) down and have a good rest. 10.We should a________ (避免) listening to music while walking on the street. 11.My brother won an a________ (奖品) in the school sports meeting last week. 12.My sister is ________ (allergy) to certain fruits, so she has to choose her food carefully. 13.Stay c________ about the unknown world, and you will discover endless wonders around you. 14.Her mother always prepares ________ fresh fruit and vegetables for her every day. (大量) 15.The climate in the mountains is ________. That’s why we say “one mountain has four seasons”. (change) 16.The doctor asked him to take the ________ (药) three times a day. 17.We should learn how to ______________ all kinds of problems in our daily lives. (处理) 18.The doctor will ______________ to see if he has a fever. (量体温) 19.Many ________ were excited to know the Changchong Mountain reopened on June 2nd.(climb) 20.We need to find a ________ (解决办法) to this problem as soon as possible. 21.Don’t be ________ (情绪低落) when you meet some difficult problems in your studies. 22.To our surprise, the little boy has no difficulty expressing himself c________ (清晰地) in English. 23.It is n________ to feel nervous before giving a speech in front of the class. 24.Jane answered the question ________ (nervous) because she was afraid of making a mistake. 25.He likes to think about all the choices before making a ________ (decide). 26.Mr Lin s________ (幸存) an earthquake last year. He will never forget the terrible scene of the earthquake. 27.The kids are completely out of c________ (控制)since their father left home. 28.Although David is new here, he doesn’t feel l________ and tries to make friends. 29.He was interested in computers, so he decided to become a ________ (程序员) when he grew up. 30.You will feel a strong sense of a________ if you win the first prize in the English speech contest. 31.To r________ the risk of getting sick, we should wash our hands often and keep the room clean. 32.During his ________ (青少年的) years, he was very active and joined many school clubs to make new friends. 33.Learning a ________ (外语) well can help us understand different cultures all over the world. 34.The shy girl finally got enough courage to stand on the big ________ (舞台). 35.The doctor told the patient to avoid heavy work when he was under a lot of _________ (精神压力). 36.Because he never gave up after each ________ (失败), he finally became a successful scientist 37.________ (令人惊讶的是), the little boy was able to solve such a difficult problem by himself. 38.The girls are old enough to look after ________ (她们自己) . 39.There are ________ (少) students in our class than in yours. 40.The town is crowded. ___________ people come to enjoy its special beauty.  (成千上万的) 二、完成句子 41.我不知道如何处理这个问题。 I don’t know _______ _______ _______ __________ this problem. 42.老师建议我们每天读英语。 The teacher advised us _______ _______ English every day. 43.张彤吹长笛来放松。 Zhang Tong plays the flute ________ ________. 44.李明放学后喜欢编程。 Li Ming likes ________ after school. 45.我的老师鼓励了我当众演讲。 My teacher ________ me ________ speak in front of others. 46.我喜欢远足,它帮我锻炼身体。 I like hiking because it helps me ________ ________ ________ . 47.我决定试一试这件事。 I decided to ________ it a ________. 48.爸爸正在教我弹吉他。这件事很难,但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 My dad’s teaching me to play the guitar. It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to ________ ________. 49.你愿意教我写诗吗?我可以教你弹奏一首歌作为回报。 Will you teach me to write a poem? I can teach you to play a song ________ ________. 50.福星开始游泳来克服对水的恐惧。 Fu Xing started swimming to ________ ________ her fear of water. 51.当我开始学习书法时,我花费了数小时练习单个笔画。 When I started to learn calligraphy, I spent hours practising single ________. 52.妈妈经常叫我不要在床上读书,因为那样对眼睛不好。 My mother often ________ ________ ________ ________ read in bed because it’s bad for my eyes. 53.我发现每天早上花半小时朗读英语是重要的。 I ________ ________ ________ ________ read English aloud for half an hour every morning. 54.只要明天天气好,我们就去公园野餐。 ________ ________ ________ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park for a picnic. 55.看到人们使用这个应用给我很强的成就感。(完成句子) It gives me a sense of ________ to see people use the app. 56.我认为它们是了解不同地方的一种好途径。 I think they’re a good way to ________ ________ different places. 57.到目前为止,我已经学会了10首英语歌了。 ________________, I have learned 10 English songs. 58.去年我自己在莫斯科花费了一周时间。 I ________ a week in Moscow all by ________. 59.你应该吃些药、喝足量的水。 You should take some ________ and drink ________ water. 60.我昨晚吃得太多,现在胃痛。 I ate too much last night, now my ________ aches. 61.口罩能阻止我们轻易把流感病毒传染给其他人。 Masks can stop us ________ passing the flu virus to others easily. 62.下次要更加小心。 Be more ________ next time. 63.这些天我饱受头疼的痛苦。 I’m ________ ________ a headache these days. 64.那位病人发高烧了。 The ________ has a high ________. 65.几秒之内,锅里的火被扑灭了。 In seconds, the fire in the pan ________ ________ ________. 66.他扑倒在地,通过在地上翻滚扑灭了身上的火。 He put out the fire by ________ on the ground. 67.多亏了在学校上的急救和安全课程,他知道水会让油火变得更加危险。 ________ ________ the first aid and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! 68.掌握急救知识可以帮助我们远离危险。(完成句子) Having first ________ _______ can help us stay away from danger. 69.但是他离平底锅太近,火苗窜到了他的衬衫上。 But he was so close to the pan that a flame ________ ________ his shirt. 70.请牢记安全第一。 Always remember: ________ comes first. 71.医生警告吸烟对我们的身体是有害的。 Doctors warn that smoking is ________ to our bodies. 72.虽然父母很爱朱迪,但对她的成绩要求很高。 ________ her parents love Judy, they have very high standards for her grades. 73.直到你主动沟通,父母才会知晓你的压力。 Your parents won’t realize your pressure ________ you talk to them. 74.我不知道该怎样处理这类负面情绪。 I don’t know how to ________ ________ such negative emotions. 75.如果你夏天去贵州,你可以享受凉爽的天气。 ________ ________ go to Guizhou in summer, you can enjoy the cool weather. 76.多做户外活动,这样你就可以放松了。 Do more outdoor activities ________ ________ you can relax. 77.我的朋友帮助我保持积极的。(完成句子) My friend helps me stay ________. 78.不要对自己太过苛刻。(完成句子) Don’t be too hard ________ yourself. 79.试着往好的方面想一想。 Try to ________ ________ the bright side. 80.作为一名科研人员,我的叔叔总是努力寻找解决水资源短缺的办法。 As a researcher, my uncle always tries to find a _______________________ to water shortage. 81.当我们情绪低落时,爬山是一个不错的选择。 When we are ________ ________ ________, climbing mountains is a good choice. 82.你可以通过深呼吸让自己冷静下来。 You can calm down by _______________. 83.当太阳升起时,数以千计的鸟在空中起舞。 When the sun rose, ______________ birds danced in the air. 84.对我来说,它和珍贵的礼物一样重要。 For me, it is ________________ a precious gift. 85.杰克没有玛丽大,但他比她高。 Jack isn’t ________ old ________ Mary, but he is ________ ________ her. 86.不仅数学,物理对我来说也很难。 ________ ________ Math ________ ________ Physics ________ difficult for me. 87.它是世界最深的峡谷之一。 It is one of the ________ canyons in the world. 88.为了防止情况变得更糟,他决定把它送到动物救助中心。 89.1960 年 5 月 25 日凌晨 4 点 20 分,五星红旗第一次飘扬在世界最高峰上空。 At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, 1960, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for ________ ________ ________. 90.对大多数人来说,珠穆朗玛峰是世界奇观之一。(完成句子) To most people, Qomolangma is one of the greatest ________________ of the world. 三、翻译 91.我妈妈不允许我和陌生人交谈。 ____________________________________________________________ 92.我的爸爸鼓励我不要轻易放弃。(汉译英) ___________________________________________ 93.在你的空闲时间你喜欢哪些活动? _________________________________________________ 94.我肚子疼。 _________________. 95.你可能需要拍个X光片来检查一下。(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 96.——你怎么了?     ——我胃痛。我昨晚吃太多了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 97.虽然我感到压力很大,但我不会轻易和我的父母争吵。 ________________________________________ 98.如果我们齐心协力,我们可以完成这项任务。 _________________________________________________ 99.汉译英:黄河是中国的第二长河。 _____________________________________________________ 100.你读的书越多,你就越聪明。 ____________________________________________________________ 主题情境:“Mind & Body × Nature Week”身心与自然探索周海报设计 学校下月将举办 “Mind & Body × Nature Week(身心·自然探索周)”活动。你作为校园英文报编辑,需完成以下三项海报设计任务。 任务一 站点入场券(词汇与短语精练) 从方框中选择恰当的词语,并用其正确形式完成各站点的宣传语。方框: take a break / stay healthy / grow up / natural wonders / be amazed at 1.Relax Station(放松站):This is your time to ________. Close your eyes and enjoy the soft music. 2.Health Station(健康站):To ________, you should eat well, drink water and exercise every day. 3.Growing Station(成长站):Every plant has its own story. Come and watch them ________ day by day. 4.Wonder Station(奇观站):Our country has many ________, such as Mount Tai and the sea of clouds. You will ________ the beauty of nature. 任务二 金句拼接吧(句型精练) 将下列被打乱的词卡重新排列,组成语法正确、语义通顺的完整句子(注意首字母大写和标点)。 1.not only / outdoor activities / relax our bodies / can / but also / help us stay healthy 2.enough sleep / so that / we should get / we can grow and study well 3.the reason why / is that / we enjoy nature / it gives us wonder and calm 任务三 海报角标·微写作(跨学科综合) 在海报右下角 “Nature & Me” 板块写一小段介绍,约 60—80 词。要求:① 至少使用任务一中出现的 3个 短语;② 至少使用 一个 not only…but also… 或 so that… 句型;③ 融入一个简单跨学科观察(如:植物生长需要阳光和水/运动让身体更强壮/休息让大脑更清醒等),内容不超出四单元话题。 2 / 24 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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考前押题02 词汇&短语&句型精练(期中专项训练)八年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版
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考前押题02 词汇&短语&句型精练(期中专项训练)八年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版
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考前押题02 词汇&短语&句型精练(期中专项训练)八年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版
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