专题01 Units 1～3知识点（期中复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材外研版

专题01 Units 1~3知识点（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. Unit 1：suppose, secretly, crowded, feel like, therefore, cover, instead/instead of, truly/true/truth, difference, wise, reach, height, willing；现在完成时（一）。 2. Unit 2：get along with, have problems in doing, shout at/to, since, nor/neither...nor, hear sb. doing/do, so...that..., knock down, afraid, lead to, lively/live/living/alive, priceless, offer, plan, stressed, allow；现在完成时（二）。 3. Unit 3：fair, out of/be made from/of/in, with复合结构, artificial, condition, be born, cost/spend/take/pay, lend/borrow/keep, be able to, enough, weigh/weight, fix, 感叹句, allow, 不定式与动名词, warn, sense, win/beat, congratulation, everyday/every day, trouble, curious, be drawn to, protect...from..., despite, risk, drive, continue。 复习难点： 1. 现在完成时与一般过去时区别；非延续性动词转延续性动词。 2. instead/instead of；hear sb. doing/do；cost/spend/take/pay；lend/borrow/keep；win/beat；everyday/every day。 3. 不定式与动名词作宾语；否定前移；with复合结构；so...that...。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重语境选词、词形变化、固定搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及现在完成时、不定式/动名词、感叹句、宾语从句。 完形/阅读：自我成长、人际相处、发明创造话题。 写作：自我介绍、相处建议、发明影响。 Unit 1 This is me 1. I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves. 我想每个人对自己都有某些不喜欢的地方。 【用法详解】 suppose v. 认为，猜想。suppose + that从句，that可省略。 I suppose (that) we will have a wonderful trip. I don’t supposes that he can finish the work on time. 【拓展】be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. You are supposed to have each meal on time. 您应当按时进餐. 【易混警示】 I suppose that he can finish the work. 变否定为：I don't suppose that he can finish the work. 【即时训练】 1. I ______ (suppose) he will come. 2. You ______ arrive on time. A. suppose B. are supposed to C. are supposing D. supposed to 2. On crowded buses and trains, it felt just like a disaster. 在拥挤的公交车和火车上，那种感觉简直就像一场灾难。 【用法详解】 ① crowded adj. 拥挤的。be crowded with... 挤满…… The street is crowded with people. ② feel like 感觉像；后接名词/代词/从句。 My legs feel like cotton. ③ feel like doing sth. = want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事。 I feel like drinking a cup of coffee. 【易混警示】 feel like 后接 doing，不接 to do。 【即时训练】 1. I feel like ______ (drink) a cup of coffee. 2. The square ______ tourists during the holiday. A. crowd with B. is crowded with C. crowds of D. crowded with 3. Therefore, I always kept my hair long to cover it until that day. The tree is covered with white snow. 因此，直到那天，我一直留着长发以遮住它。那棵树已被皑皑白雪覆盖。 【用法详解】 ① therefore adv. 因此，所以，引出结果；放句首常用逗号隔开。 Simon was busy and therefore could not come to the meeting. ② cover v. 遮盖。cover...with... 用……遮盖…… She covered the table with a cloth. ③ be covered with... 被……覆盖。 The tree is covered with white snow. ④ cover 还可意为“包括；涉及”，作名词“封面”。 The book covers many topics. / The cover of the book is red. 【即时训练】 The trees ______ (cover) with white snow now. 4. Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face. 玛迪没有移开视线，反而仔细端详着我的脸。 【用法详解】 ① instead adv. 代替；而不是。放句首或句末。 I didn’t go out. Instead, I stayed at home. ② instead of 介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词。 I stayed at home instead of going out. 【一句话辨异】instead 单独用，instead of 后带宾。 【即时训练】 1. I stayed at home instead of ______ out. A. go B. going C. to go D. went 2. He didn’t stay at home. He went out instead. 转换：He went out __________ __________ __________ at home. 5. Accept your differences. Everyone has something special and different. 接纳彼此的差异。每个人都有自己独特而与众不同的特质。 【用法详解】 ① difference n. 差别，差异。make a difference to... 对……有影响。 Small actions make a difference. ②different adj. 不同的。be different from... 与……不同。 My idea is different from yours. 【即时训练】 Small actions can make a ______ (different) to the world. 6. The results of scientific studies can also help you make wise decisions. 科学研究的结果也能帮助您做出明智的决策。 【用法详解】 ① wise adj. 明智的。It is wise to do sth. 做某事是明智的。 It is wise to take your mother’s advice. ② wisely adv. 明智地。 She always makes decisions wisely. 【拓展】wisdom 名词，智慧。 We can get much wisdom from old stories. 【即时训练】 1. You should act ______ (wise). 2. 阅读帮助我们增长智慧。 Reading helps us to _________ _________ ________. 7. Over time, I learn to accept my height. 随着时间的推移，我逐渐学会了接受自己的身高。 ① height n. 身高；高度。What’s the height of...? = How tall/high is...? What’s the height of Li Ming? ② in height 在高度上。 He is 1.8 meters in height. = He is 1.8 meters high. 【易混警示】描述人高用 tall，不用 high；height 拼写易错。 【即时训练】 1. What’s the ______ (high) of the tower? 2. The tower is 100 metres high.（这座塔 100 米高。） The ______ ______ the tower is 100 metres. 8. Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values. 众多文学作品都曾刻画过在追寻自身价值过程中的人物形象。 【用法详解】 ① search n. 寻找；搜寻。in search of 寻找…… Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values. ② search v. 搜索；搜查。search + 地点 (+ for + sb./sth.) 搜查某地；在某处寻找某人/某物。 search for sb./sth. 搜寻某人/某物 The policemen searched every room. We searched for the boy everywhere. ③ value n. 价值；be of great/little value 价值很高/很低；the value of... ……的价值。 The Book of Songs is of great value. ④ valuable adj. 宝贵的；贵重的。 It is a very valuable vase. 【即时训练】 1. The policemen ______ (search) every room yesterday. 2. 你知道友谊的价值吗？______ 9. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says "I'm possible". 没有什么是不可能的，这个词本身就意味着“我是可能的”。 【用法详解】 ① nothing pron. 没有任何东西；作主语时谓语用单数。for nothing 免费；have nothing to do with... 与……无关； She got the tickets for nothing. This matter has nothing to do with you. ② impossible adj. 不可能的；It's impossible (for sb.) to do sth.。 It's impossible for her to finish the homework in half an hour. 【即时训练】 1. She got the tickets ______ nothing. 2. It's impossible for him ______ (finish) the work in an hour. 10. However, doubts and fears often hold us back. 然而，疑虑与恐惧往往会成为我们的绊脚石。 【用法详解】 ① doubt n. 疑惑；there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……。 There is no doubt that we will succeed. ② doubt v. 怀疑；肯定句中接 whether/if 从句；否定句和疑问句中接 that 从句。 I doubt whether the plan will work. I don’t doubt that reading can bring us wisdom. ③ fear n. 害怕；have a fear of 害怕……；fight/overcome one's fear 克服恐惧。 Mike has a fear of dogs. She tried her best to **fight her fear** and stood on the stage. ④ fear v. 害怕；fear sth. = be afraid of sth.；fear to do sth. = be afraid to do sth.； The girl fears the dark. My brother fears to go out at night. 【即时训练】 1. I don’t doubt ______ he can ______ his fear and finish the speech. A. whether; fight B. that; fight C. if; fought D. that; fighting 解析：否定句中 don’t doubt 后用 that；情态动词 can 后接动词原形 fight，fight one’s fear 克服恐惧。 2. There is no doubt ______ the girl has no ______ of speaking in public. A. that; fear B. whether; fears C. if; fear D. that; fears 11. Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it. 只要你努力并持之以恒，就没有不可能的事。 【用法详解】 ① as long as 只要，引导条件状语从句；主将从现。 As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. ② stick v. 粘，贴；stick sth. on... 把某物粘在……上；stick to 坚持，to 是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。 Stick the stamp on the envelope. He always sticks to his decision. They stuck to taking a taxi there yesterday. 【易错警示】 stick to的to是介词，后面跟名词或者V-ing。 【即时训练】 1. ______ you try and stick to it, nothing is impossible. 2. He sticks to ______ (run) every morning. 3. You can go to the park ______ you finish your homework. A. as soon as B. as long as C. as far as D. as much as Unit 2 Getting along 1. Remember this and you will go a long way in getting along with people. 【用法详解】 get along/on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽。 She gets on well with her teachers. 【即时训练】 1. She gets on well ______ her teachers. 2. 她和邻居们相处得很好。 __________________________________________ 2. Do you have any problems in getting along with others? 【用法详解】 ① have problems in (doing) sth. 做……有困难；in 可省略，动词用 -ing。 例：I have problems in solving difficult math problems. ② have problems with sb. 和某人有矛盾。 例：I have problems with my deskmate. 【易混警示】have problems in doing 中 doing 不可换成 do 【拓展】同义短语：have difficulty/ trouble in sth. 【即时训练】 1. I have problems in ______ (solve) math problems. 2. You won’t have difficulty ______ the problem if you ask the teacher for help. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 3. ...he shouts in a very angry voice. 他用极其愤怒的声音大喊一声。 【用法详解】 ① shout at sb. 对某人大喊，带生气/不满。 Don’t shout at me. I’m doing my best! ② shout to sb. 向某人喊话，为让对方听到。 I had to shout to her because she was far away. 【一句话辨异】shout at 带情绪；shout to 为听见。 【即时训练】 Don’t ______ me. I’m doing my best. A. shout to B. shout at C. shout with D. shout for 4. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there. 【用法详解】 ① since prep./conj. 自从；后接过去时间点或一般过去时从句；主句常用现在完成时。 I have worked here since ten years ago. / Mary hasn’t called me since she went to Dalian. ② since then 从那以后。 I haven’t eaten junk food since then. ③ “since + 时间点”可与“for + 时间段”互换。 I have lived here since 2023. = I have lived here for two years. 【巧记口诀】since 点，for 段；主完从过记心间。 【即时训练】 1. I ______ (not eat) junk food since then. 2. He has lived in the town for 5 years. He has lived in the town ________ ________ ________. 5. But spring never comes, nor summer. 但春天从未到来，夏天亦未到来。 【用法详解】 ① nor conj. 也不；否定两个相同性质。 It was not my fault, nor his. ② neither...nor... 既不……也不……；连接主语时谓语遵循“就近原则”。 Neither Tom nor Jerry likes the movie. ③ nor + 助/情/be + 主语，表示“……也不”。 Danny doesn’t like meat. Nor does John. 【即时训练】 1. Neither Tom nor Jerry ______ the movie. A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like 2. 我不会弹钢琴，我的妹妹也不会。 I can’t play the piano. ________ ________ my sister. 6. One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. 一天早晨，巨人突然听到鸟儿在歌唱。 【用法详解】 ① hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事。 One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. ② hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事（全过程/经常）。 I heard him sing a song. 【易混警示】强调正在进行用 doing；强调全过程用 do。 【即时训练】 1. I heard him ______ (sing) a song just now. 2. 刚才我看见他正在操场上打篮球。 I ________ him ________ basketball on the playground just now. 7. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 树木们欣喜万分，因为它们已繁花似锦地覆盖了自己。 【用法详解】 so + adj./adv. + that... 如此……以至于……。 It is so dark that we can’t see anything. He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. 【即时训练】 He runs _______ _______ ______ nobody can catch him. 8. He knocks down the wall. 他推倒了墙。 【用法详解】 ① knock down 摧毁，拆毁；撞倒。 They are going to knock down the old houses. ② knock at/on 敲；knock into 相撞；knock over 撞倒，打翻。 Someone is knocking at the door. / The strong wind knocked over several bicycles. 8. Anger leads to unhappiness. 愤怒会导致不快乐。 【用法详解】 lead to 导致；to 是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。 Poor communication often leads to misunderstandings. 【即时训练】 Poor communication often leads to ______ (misunderstand). 9. The children return, and the garden is lively again. 孩子们回来了，花园重新变得生机勃勃。 【用法详解】 ① return v. 返回；归还。 Two hours later, they returned to the company. / Please return the book in two weeks. ② lively adj. 充满活力的。 My sister is a lively girl. ③ live 活的/现场直播的；living 活着的（作定语）；alive 活着的（作表语）。 The park is lively on weekends. / He is the greatest writer alive. 【一句话辨异】lively 活泼；living 定语活；alive 表语活；live 现场活。 【即时训练】 1. He is the greatest writer ______. A. lively B. living C. alive D. live 2. 用lively, live, living, alive填空 We watched a ①______ show. It brought a ②______ talk. We learnt about all ③______ things and we must try our best to keep those animals ④______. 10. Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events. 示例包括恐高症以及对参加社交活动的恐惧。 【用法详解】 attend v. 参加，出席，到场；正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼等。 Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events. 【辨析】take part in 参加群众性活动并发挥作用；join 加入组织/团体；join in 参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等。 I joined the club when I was 10. Can I join in the game? 【即时训练】 He will ______ an important meeting tomorrow. A. join B. attend C. take part D. join in 11. What if they never... again? 如果他们再也……不再发生，会怎样？ 【用法详解】 What if...? 要是……会怎么样呢？用于提出假设性问题或表达担忧、建议。 What if the train is late? 12. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses. They couldn't reach an agreement. 【用法详解】 ① argue v. 争论，争吵；argue with sb. 与某人争论；argue about/over sth. 因某事争论；argument n.。 Don't argue with the driver about meaningless things when taking a bus. ② divide v. 分开；divide...into... 把……分成……；be divided into... 被分成……。 The teacher divided the class into four groups. The class is divided into four groups. ③ reach an agreement 达成一致；agree with sb. 同意某人；agree to sth. 同意计划/建议；agree on 就……达成一致。 After a two-hour discussion, they finally came to an agreement. At last, they agreed with each other. 【辨析】agree with sb. 同意某人；agree to sth. 同意计划/建议；agree on 就……达成一致。 【即时训练】 1. They argued ______ the matter again. 2. The book is divided ______ six parts. 3. 我不同意他，因为我觉得这个计划不好。 I don’t ________ ________ him because I think the plan is bad. 4. 最终，她同意了我们的提议。 At last, she ________ ________ our suggestion. 13. They wrote him a letter, asking for advice. 他们给他写了一封信，寻求建议。 【用法详解】 现在分词短语作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等；逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。 Walking along the street, I heard a strange noise. The children ran out of the classroom, laughing and talking. He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 14. Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there.The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind. Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness.自那时起，数百年时光荏苒，这条小巷依然犹在。通城百姓至今仍铭记这首诗的意境；每当他们漫步在这条小巷时，总会想起：善行能催生更多善行。 【用法详解】 ① pass v. 过去，流逝；passed 过去式/过去分词；past adj. 过去的。 Twenty years have passed. ② keep...in mind 把……记在心里； It's a good idea — I'll keep it in mind. ③ whenever conj. 每当；引导时间状语从句，相当于 every time；也可引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter when。 Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me of the happy days. Help whenever and wherever you can. 【即时训练】 1. Hundreds of years ______ (pass) since then. 2. ______ they walk down the lane, they remember the kindness. Unit 3 Make it happen 1. Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. 14 岁的学生伊斯顿·拉查佩尔在科学展览会上站在自己的作品旁。 【用法详解】 ① n. 展览会；science fair 科学展览会； My model plane won first prize at the school science fair. job fair 招聘会 ② adj. 公平的；unfair 不公平的；浅色的。 It’s not fair to judge others only by their appearance. 【拓展】fairly adv. 公平地； fairness n. 公平 【即时训练】 1. My model plane won first prize at the school science ______. 2. 请用fair的适当形式填空 Life is not always ______. Sometimes we may be treated ______, but we should believe that everyone should be judged ______. It is ______ to look down on others. We hope the world can be ______ peaceful for all people. 2. He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. It was made from plastic blocks and fishing line. 他用塑料积木和钓鱼线把它搭了起来。它是由塑料积木和钓鱼线制成的。 【用法详解】 ① out of 由……制成；用……做成。 We built the hen house out of wood. ② be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）。 Wine is made from grapes. ③ be made of 由……制成（看得出原材料）。 The table is made of wood. ④ be made in 产地。 This kind of wine is made in France. 【巧记口诀】from 看不出，of 看得出，in 后接产地。 【即时训练】 1. The beautiful kite was made ______ bamboo and paper. You can clearly see the bamboo sticks. A. from B. of C. in D. out 2. Paper is made ______ wood. We can’t see wood in paper. A. of B. in C. from D. out 3. They made the small house ______ stones. A. out of B. of C. from D. in 3. “Hello,” said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. “你好，”一名佩戴义肢的女孩在与伊斯顿的团队握手时说道。 【用法详解】 ① with + 名词 + 形容词/副词/介词短语，表示伴随。 Fish sleep with their eyes open. She left the room with the light on. The little boy ran with a kite in his hand. ② artificial adj. 人造的，人工的；artificially adv. 人造地。 This factory produces artificial materials for clothing. ③ artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能。 AI means artificial intelligence. 【即时训练】 Our English teacher came in ______ a smile _______ _______ _______. 4. This was the first time Easton met Jenny, a girl with a special condition. 这是伊斯顿第一次见到珍妮——一个患有特殊疾病的女孩。 【用法详解】 ① n. 长期疾病；健康状况；条件，状况。 He suffers from a serious heart condition. / He is in excellent condition now. ② in excellent condition 健康状况很好；out of condition 健康状况不佳； living/working conditions 生活/工作条件。 The player is in good condition, but his living conditions are very bad. He hasn’t exercised for months and is out of condition. 【拓展】on condition that 条件是……（引导条件状语从句） 【即时训练】 1. The old car is still ______ ______ ______.（condition） 这辆旧车仍然状况良好。 2. You can go to the party ______ ______ ______ you finish your homework first.（condition） 你可以去晚会，条件是你先完成作业。 3. The workers are asking for better working ______.（condition） 5. She was born without an arm. 她出生时没有手臂。 【用法详解】 ① be born in/on/at 出生于某地/某日。 He was born in Shijiazhuang and was born on July 25, 1999. ② be born with 天生具有。 Everyone is born with the ability to learn. ③ be born into 生于……家庭。 She was born into a poor family. 【即时训练】 1. 她天生一副好嗓音。 She ______ ______ ______ a good voice. 2. 这个男孩生来没有右手。 The boy ______ ______ ______ his right hand. 3. 我的妈妈出生于 1990 年。 My mother ______ ______ ______ 1990. 6. Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000. 她的义臂不过是一个简单的钩子，但造价却高达 8 万美元。 【用法详解】 ① sth. costs sb. money：物作主语。 The book cost me 20 yuan. ② sb. spends time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.：人作主语。 I spent 20 yuan on the book. ③ It takes sb. time to do sth.：it 作形式主语。 It took me 20 minutes to get to school. ④ sb. pays money for sth.：人作主语。 We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 【一句话辨异】物 cost，人 spend/pay，it take。 【即时训练】 1. I ______ two hours reading this English story yesterday. A. cost B. spent C. paid D. took 2. The new bike ______ me 800 yuan. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took 3. It ______ him half an hour to walk to school every day. A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays 4. You need to ______ 50 yuan for this dictionary. A. spend B. cost C. pay D. take 7. It blew me away. 这简直让我大吃一惊。 【用法详解】 使某人大为惊讶；blow-blew-blown。 Her sweet voice just blows everyone away. 【即时训练】 Her sweet voice just ______ (blow) everyone away. 8. I must lend a hand to people like her. 我必须为像她这样的人伸出援手。 【用法详解】 ① lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物（借出）。 Can you lend me your pen? ② borrow...from... 从……借入。 I borrowed a book from the library. ③ keep 借入后的延续；与 for/since 连用。 I have kept this magazine for three months. ④ lend (sb) a (helping) hand = lend a hand to sb. 帮助某人。 Can you lend me a hand with these heavy boxes? 【一句话辨异】lend 借出，borrow 借入，keep 保存延续。 【即时训练】 1. Could you ______ me your pen? Mine is broken. 2. I want to ______ a storybook from the library. 3. —How long can I ______ this magazine? —For two weeks. 4. When you are in trouble, I’m ready to ______. 9. What a helping hand! 真是帮了大忙！ 【用法详解】 ① What + a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + 主谓！ What a fine day it is! ② What + adj. + 复数/不可数名词 + 主谓！ What nice music it is! ③ How + adj./adv. + 主谓！ How fast the little boy runs! ④ How + 主谓！ How time flies! 【即时训练】用 What 或 How 填空。 1. ______ useful the book is! 2. ______ interesting story it is! 3. ______ bad weather it is today! 10. Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention. Shantanu 因其发明荣获一项奖项，并收到众多祝贺。 【用法详解】 ① win 赢得比赛、奖品等；宾语是比赛、奖品。 We won the basketball game. ② beat 打败人或队；宾语是人或队。 We beat the team from No.1 Middle School. ③ congratulations n. 祝贺的话（常用复数）；congratulate v. 祝贺。 I congratulate you on your success. / Congratulations on your success! 【即时训练】 Our team ______ Class 3 in the final match. A. won B. beat C. beats D. wins 11. I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. 我并没有什么特别的天赋，我只是怀有强烈的好奇心。 【用法详解】 ① talent n. 天资，天赋，才能。have a talent for... 对……有天赋 = be talented in...。 Her children have a talent for music.= Her children is talented in music. ② curious adj. 好奇的。be curious about... 对……感到好奇。 Puppies are naturally curious. Kids are always curious about the unknown world. 【拓展】curiosity n. 好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇；have a deep curiosity about... 对……有着深深的好奇。 He did lots of research out of curiosity. He had a deep curiosity about science when he was young. 【易错警示】curious 是形容词，curiosity 是名词；out of curiosity 是固定搭配，意为“出于好奇”。 【即时训练】 1. Children are naturally ______ (curious) about the world. 2. He opened the box ______ (出于好奇). 3. She has a ______ (talent) for music. 11. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research. 他被电所吸引，并对电的本质怀有浓厚的好奇心。他做了很多研究。 【用法详解】 ① be drawn to 被……吸引，其中 drawn 是 draw 的过去分词，draw 此处意为“吸引”。 The little girl was drawn to the colourful toys. ② do research 做研究，进行调查。 He did lots of research. 【易错警示】be drawn to 中的 to 是介词，后接名词或动名词；draw 的过去分词是 drawn，不是 drew。 【即时训练】 1. The little girl was drawn ______ the colourful toys. 2. He ______ (do) lots of research on electricity last year. 12. This strong curiosity drove him to spend years studying the sky and the earth. 这种强烈的好奇心驱使他花费多年时间研究天空与大地。 【用法详解】 drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事，迫使某人做某事。drive 的过去式是 drove。 This strong curiosity drove him to spend years studying the sky and the earth. 【即时训练】 1. 每天早上，他开车送他女儿去上学。 He ______ his daughter ______ school every morning. 2. My father ______ me to the park yesterday. A. drive B. drives C. drove D. driving 13. These achievements played an important role in the development of science. 这些成就在科学发展进程中发挥了重要作用。 【用法详解】 ① achievement n. 成绩，成就。make achievements 取得成就 These achievements played an important role in the development of science. 【拓展】achieve 动词，实现，达到 achieve one’s dream ② play an important role in... 在……中发挥重要作用。 These achievements played an important role in the development of science. 【拓展】同义词：play an important part in 【易错警示】play a role in 中的 in 是介词，后接名词或动名词；development 是名词，develop 是动词。 【即时训练】 1. 建造这座大桥是一项伟大的成就。 Building this big bridge is ______ ______ ______. 2. 每个人都可以在保护环境方面发挥作用。 Everyone can ______ ______ ______ ______ protecting the environment. 14. This invention helps protect buildings from lightning. 本发明有助于保护建筑物免受雷击。 【用法详解】 protect...from... 保护……免受……。 She wears sunglasses to protect her eyes from the strong sunlight. 【拓展】stop/prevent...from... 【易错警示】protect...from... 中的 from 不可省略 【即时训练】 We should ______ our eyes from the strong sunlight. The ______ of our eyes is very important. (protect) 15. He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! 他对太空充满好奇，甚至发明了一把“飞行椅”。 【用法详解】 so + adj./adv. + that... 如此……以至于……。 He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! so+a/an+adj.+n.+that... 含义：如此…… 的一个…… 以至于…… 注意：这个句型里，**so** 修饰形容词，结构顺序和 such 不一样。 She is so clever a girl that everyone likes her. 【即时训练】 1. 这是一部如此精彩的电影，我们想再看一次。 It is ______ ______ ______ ______ that we want to watch it again. 2. He was ______ curious about space ______ he invented a “flying chair”. 16. It opens new doors for us to learn and discover. 它为我们学习和探索开启了新的机遇之门。 【用法详解】 open new doors for 为……打开新的大门。 It opens new doors for us to learn and discover. 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．I don’t want to ________ (argument) with you as it can’t solve the problem between us. 2．It is not polite to ________ (争吵) with your parents in front of others. 3．After a long discussion, the two students finally decided to ________ (达成一致). 4．Easton, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science ________ (展览). 5．I don’t feel like ________ (go) out on such a cold night. 二、完成句子 1．There are many ________ (different) between twin sisters. 2．Two months ________ (pass) since Helen started to learn English online. 3．It is said that the ________ (高度) of Mount Fuji in Japan is 12,389 feet. 4．We send our ________ (congratulate) to him on his good grades. 5．Thick snow will c________ (遮盖) all the roads in the small town tonight. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．他在写作方面有很大的天赋。 He has great ________ for writing. 2．And the trees are ________ glad ________ they have covered themselves with flowers. 树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。 3．南希擅长和来自不同国家的同学和睦相处。 Nancy is ________ at ________ ________ ________ her classmates from different countries. 4．我将要步行去上学，而不是坐公交车。 I will walk to school ________ ________ taking a bus. 5．我们坚持每天放学后跑步20分钟。 We _________ _________ running for twenty minutes after school every day. 四、单项选择 1．________ the cold weather, my sister goes running every morning. A．Without B．Across C．Behind D．Despite 2．I never ________ at my friends because I think it doesn’t solve any problems. A．look B．shout C．point D．call 3．It ________ me 20 minutes to get to the shop. A．costs B．pays C．takes D．spends 4．—What an exciting match! —Yes, isn’t it? I ________ such a great one before! A．never saw B．have never seen C．never see D．won’t see 5．The ________ between the two cultures is an interesting topic. A．height B．difference C．secret D．silver 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、阅读理解 There once lived a poor boy called Ma Liang. He dreamt (梦见) that an old man gave him a magic paintbrush that could bring paintings to life. The old man told him that he must use it to help poor people. Ma Liang found the magic paintbrush on his desk when he woke up. He began to help people in the village. He painted a river so people could water their crops (庄稼). He painted food for farmers and their families. A rich man wanted the magic paintbrush so he stole (偷) it from Ma Liang. None of the rich man’s paintings came to life. This made him very angry. Ma Liang visited the rich man’s house. The man told Ma Liang he must paint a picture before he could leave. The rich man asked him to paint a golden mountain but Ma Liang painted a blue sea instead. This made the rich man very angry and he shouted at Ma Liang to paint him the golden mountain. Ma Liang painted the golden mountain but it was a long way across the sea. The rich man asked him to paint a boat. He got into the boat. Ma Liang painted a big wave (浪) to break the boat. People in the village never saw the rich man again. Ma Liang lived a happy life and kept on helping poor people with his magic paintbrush. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Who gave Ma Liang the magic paintbrush? A．An old man. B．A poor man. C．A farmer. D．A rich man. 2．What did Ma Liang paint to help people in the village? A． B． C． D． 3．Why did Ma Liang paint a big wave? A．To break the boat. B．To make the sea more beautiful. C．To make the rich man see the wave. D．To send the rich man to the golden mountain. 4．Which of the following is the right order of the story? ①The rich man died. ②Ma Liang painted a blue sea. ③Ma Liang painted a golden mountain. ④The rich man stole the magic paintbrush. A．④③②① B．④②③① C．②③④① D．③②①④ 5．Which word can best describe Ma Liang according to the story? A．Quiet. B．Poor. C．Smart. D．Happy. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jenny and I have been best friends since primary school. We used to do everything together — 1 homework, watching movies, and sharing secrets. But last month, something changed. Jenny joined the school dance club and made some new friends. She started 2 me messages less often. Whenever I invited her to hang out, she always said she was busy. I felt 3 and didn’t know what to do. One day, I decided to talk to her. “Jenny, I feel like we’re not as 4 as before,” I said. She looked surprised. “I’m sorry,” she replied. “I didn’t realize you felt that way. I was just 5 to make new friends and didn’t want to lose you.” I realized that I should have told her my 6 earlier instead of keeping them inside. “I guess I was 7 that you might not want to be my friend anymore,” I admitted. Jenny smiled and said, “You’re my best friend. Nothing can change that. Why don’t we 8 something together this weekend?” From this experience, I learned that 9 friends will respect your feelings. It is important to be honest about your fears instead of 10 them. Communication is the key to any friendship. 1．A．doing B．making C．taking D．getting 2．A．sending B．to send C．send D．sent 3．A．excited B．happy C．uncertain D．cheerful 4．A．close B．closer C．closest D．closely 5．A．try B．tried C．trying D．to try 6．A．feelings B．fears C．ideas D．suggestions 7．A．afraid B．proud C．sure D．glad 8．A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 9．A．fake B．true C．new D．old 10．A．expressing B．sharing C．hiding D．showing 三、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 In 1853, a rich man was on holiday in Saratoga Springs, New York. One night, he went to a restaurant to have dinner. He 1 at the menu and ordered a plate of fried (油炸的) potatoes. After a while, 2 dish was given to the man. But he didn’t like it because he thought the potatoes 3 too thick (厚的) and not crispy (脆的) enough. So he sent 4 back to the kitchen. George Crum was the cook of that restaurant. After knowing that, he cut the potatoes 5 and sent them to that man again. 6 the man still thought the potatoes were not thin enough. Crum got unhappy and decided 7 him a lesson. He cut the potatoes much thinner and cooked them for a long time. After they became crispy, he put some salt 8 them and served the new dish to the man personally. To his surprise, the man liked the new dish very much. And 9 people wanted to try it. Soon the potato chips became popular in the world. Crum opened his own restaurant to sell this kind of potato chips, so people 10 buy them easily. 1．A．look B．looks C．is looking D．looked 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．are B．were C．is D．was 4．A．their B．theirs C．they D．them 5．A．thinner B．thinnest C．longer D．longest 6．A．And B．Or C．But D．So 7．A．teach B．to teach C．solve D．to solve 8．A．on B．from C．during D．at 9．A．few B．little C．many D．much 10．A．must B．should C．need D．could 4、 选词填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入方框内单词的正确形式。 final, we, joke, dad, make, have, forget, treasure, pack, lucky Last winter, my family decided to go on vacation to the mountains to ski and have fun. After 1 the plan, I was excited and ready to prepare something for the trip. First, I 2 up my clothes. I picked out my warm jackets, gloves, and a hat. But I was quite 3 . I left my ski goggles (护目镜) at home and didn’t realize it until we got on a bus. 4 , we found a sports store near the ski centre and I bought a new pair. On the way there, my brother kept telling 5 . They were so funny that we couldn’t stop laughing. When we 6 arrived at the resort (度假胜地), we found the scenery of the snow-covered mountains was fantastic. It just took 7 breath away. During the vacation, we spent hours skiing down the slopes ( 斜坡). It was my first time skiing. At first, I was a bit scared. But with my 8 help, I learnt the basic skiing skills. We also built a big snowman and 9 a snowball fight. This vacation was full of joy and unforgettable moments. It made me 10 family time even more. I can’t wait for our next journey together. 五、语法填空 Audrey Hepburn once said, “Nothing is impossible; the word 1 (it) says ‘I’m possible’.” To me, no one proves this 2 (well) than Su Bingtian, China’s famous runner. Su began his sporting life in 2006. At that time, no Asian runner had ever run the 100 m race in less than 10 seconds. Su 3 (train) hard and soon became one of the fastest runners in Asia. However, he was not 4 (satisfy) with his results for long. In 2014, he made a very 5 (risk) decision: to change his starting leg. At that time, he was 25 years old. Many people thought it was too late 6 (make) such a change and doubted his decision. He had to start from zero and was even slower than before at first. But Su did not give up. He fought his fear and kept 7 (practice). Finally, his hard work paid 8 . In 2015, he made history by running the 100 metres in 9.99 seconds. Then, at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, he finished in 9.83 seconds! He became the 9 (one) Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100 m final. Su Bingtian has told young people, “Never let your age hold you back.” His story shows us that nothing is impossible as long as we try and stick 10 our dreams. He is a shining star in my eyes. His success inspires me to work hard for my own future. 六、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 There are many rules for us to follow to be better people and live better. But is there one that can be a lifetime lesson? Confucius’ student Zi Gong once asked him the question. Confucius gave him a good answer. What did he say? “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” What does it mean? This line means that if you don’t want others to do something to you, then don’t do it to them. In other words, don’t do something to people that even you can’t stand (承受). It tells us to think about others’ feelings. This will help us all get along. Confucius asked his students to follow and practise this rule in their lives. This rule is useful in our daily lives, too. For example, if you don’t want others to talk about you behind your back, then don’t talk about others behind theirs. Another example is how to get along in group work. If you are a leader in a group, you should think about each member’s feelings. Don’t be bossy (专横的). To practise this rule better in our everyday life, you can ask yourself a few questions and your answers must be honest. The first question is, “If I do it, will it hurt somebody?” If the answer is yes, then it’s not a good thing to do. The second question is, “If I do it, will I regret later?” If we do something wrong, we’ll feel sorry about it, even if we can find excuses for our actions. And a final but very important question is, “What’s my first feeling about it?” These all can help you judge whether your behaviour is ethical (道德的) or not. 1．Who is Zi Gong? 2．Write down another sentence which has the same meaning as the underlined sentence. 3．How can you get along in group work if you are the group leader? 4．In your daily life, how do you practise this rule? (Write 30 words or more.) 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~3知识点（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. Unit 1：suppose, secretly, crowded, feel like, therefore, cover, instead/instead of, truly/true/truth, difference, wise, reach, height, willing；现在完成时（一）。 2. Unit 2：get along with, have problems in doing, shout at/to, since, nor/neither...nor, hear sb. doing/do, so...that..., knock down, afraid, lead to, lively/live/living/alive, priceless, offer, plan, stressed, allow；现在完成时（二）。 3. Unit 3：fair, out of/be made from/of/in, with复合结构, artificial, condition, be born, cost/spend/take/pay, lend/borrow/keep, be able to, enough, weigh/weight, fix, 感叹句, allow, 不定式与动名词, warn, sense, win/beat, congratulation, everyday/every day, trouble, curious, be drawn to, protect...from..., despite, risk, drive, continue。 复习难点： 1. 现在完成时与一般过去时区别；非延续性动词转延续性动词。 2. instead/instead of；hear sb. doing/do；cost/spend/take/pay；lend/borrow/keep；win/beat；everyday/every day。 3. 不定式与动名词作宾语；否定前移；with复合结构；so...that...。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重语境选词、词形变化、固定搭配。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及现在完成时、不定式/动名词、感叹句、宾语从句。 完形/阅读：自我成长、人际相处、发明创造话题。 写作：自我介绍、相处建议、发明影响。 Unit 1 This is me 1. I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves. 我想每个人对自己都有某些不喜欢的地方。 【用法详解】 suppose v. 认为，猜想。suppose + that从句，that可省略。 I suppose (that) we will have a wonderful trip. I don’t supposes that he can finish the work on time. 【拓展】be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. You are supposed to have each meal on time. 您应当按时进餐. 【易混警示】 I suppose that he can finish the work. 变否定为：I don't suppose that he can finish the work. 【即时训练】 1. I ______ (suppose) he will come. 2. You ______ arrive on time. A. suppose B. are supposed to C. are supposing D. supposed to 【答案】1. suppose 2. B 2. On crowded buses and trains, it felt just like a disaster. 在拥挤的公交车和火车上，那种感觉简直就像一场灾难。 【用法详解】 ① crowded adj. 拥挤的。be crowded with... 挤满…… The street is crowded with people. ② feel like 感觉像；后接名词/代词/从句。 My legs feel like cotton. ③ feel like doing sth. = want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事。 I feel like drinking a cup of coffee. 【易混警示】 feel like 后接 doing，不接 to do。 【即时训练】 1. I feel like ______ (drink) a cup of coffee. 2. The square ______ tourists during the holiday. A. crowd with B. is crowded with C. crowds of D. crowded with 【答案】1. drinking 2. B 3. Therefore, I always kept my hair long to cover it until that day. The tree is covered with white snow. 因此，直到那天，我一直留着长发以遮住它。那棵树已被皑皑白雪覆盖。 【用法详解】 ① therefore adv. 因此，所以，引出结果；放句首常用逗号隔开。 Simon was busy and therefore could not come to the meeting. ② cover v. 遮盖。cover...with... 用……遮盖…… She covered the table with a cloth. ③ be covered with... 被……覆盖。 The tree is covered with white snow. ④ cover 还可意为“包括；涉及”，作名词“封面”。 The book covers many topics. / The cover of the book is red. 【即时训练】 The trees ______ (cover) with white snow now. 【答案】are covered 4. Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face. 玛迪没有移开视线，反而仔细端详着我的脸。 【用法详解】 ① instead adv. 代替；而不是。放句首或句末。 I didn’t go out. Instead, I stayed at home. ② instead of 介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词。 I stayed at home instead of going out. 【一句话辨异】instead 单独用，instead of 后带宾。 【即时训练】 1. I stayed at home instead of ______ out. A. go B. going C. to go D. went 2. He didn’t stay at home. He went out instead. 转换：He went out __________ __________ __________ at home. 【答案】1. B 2. instead of staying 5. Accept your differences. Everyone has something special and different. 接纳彼此的差异。每个人都有自己独特而与众不同的特质。 【用法详解】 ① difference n. 差别，差异。make a difference to... 对……有影响。 Small actions make a difference. ②different adj. 不同的。be different from... 与……不同。 My idea is different from yours. 【即时训练】 Small actions can make a ______ (different) to the world. 【答案】difference 6. The results of scientific studies can also help you make wise decisions. 科学研究的结果也能帮助您做出明智的决策。 【用法详解】 ① wise adj. 明智的。It is wise to do sth. 做某事是明智的。 It is wise to take your mother’s advice. ② wisely adv. 明智地。 She always makes decisions wisely. 【拓展】wisdom 名词，智慧。 We can get much wisdom from old stories. 【即时训练】 1. You should act ______ (wise). 2. 阅读帮助我们增长智慧。 Reading helps us to _________ _________ ________. 【答案】1. wisely 2. increase our wisdom 7. Over time, I learn to accept my height. 随着时间的推移，我逐渐学会了接受自己的身高。 ① height n. 身高；高度。What’s the height of...? = How tall/high is...? What’s the height of Li Ming? ② in height 在高度上。 He is 1.8 meters in height. = He is 1.8 meters high. 【易混警示】描述人高用 tall，不用 high；height 拼写易错。 【即时训练】 1. What’s the ______ (high) of the tower? 2. The tower is 100 metres high.（这座塔 100 米高。） The ______ ______ the tower is 100 metres. 【答案】1. height 2. height of 8. Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values. 众多文学作品都曾刻画过在追寻自身价值过程中的人物形象。 【用法详解】 ① search n. 寻找；搜寻。in search of 寻找…… Many works of literature have described characters in search of their values. ② search v. 搜索；搜查。search + 地点 (+ for + sb./sth.) 搜查某地；在某处寻找某人/某物。 search for sb./sth. 搜寻某人/某物 The policemen searched every room. We searched for the boy everywhere. ③ value n. 价值；be of great/little value 价值很高/很低；the value of... ……的价值。 The Book of Songs is of great value. ④ valuable adj. 宝贵的；贵重的。 It is a very valuable vase. 【即时训练】 1. The policemen ______ (search) every room yesterday. 2. 你知道友谊的价值吗？______ 【答案】1. searched 2. Do you know the value of friendship? 9. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says "I'm possible". 没有什么是不可能的，这个词本身就意味着“我是可能的”。 【用法详解】 ① nothing pron. 没有任何东西；作主语时谓语用单数。for nothing 免费；have nothing to do with... 与……无关； She got the tickets for nothing. This matter has nothing to do with you. ② impossible adj. 不可能的；It's impossible (for sb.) to do sth.。 It's impossible for her to finish the homework in half an hour. 【即时训练】 1. She got the tickets ______ nothing. 2. It's impossible for him ______ (finish) the work in an hour. 【答案】1. for 2. to finish 10. However, doubts and fears often hold us back. 然而，疑虑与恐惧往往会成为我们的绊脚石。 【用法详解】 ① doubt n. 疑惑；there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……。 There is no doubt that we will succeed. ② doubt v. 怀疑；肯定句中接 whether/if 从句；否定句和疑问句中接 that 从句。 I doubt whether the plan will work. I don’t doubt that reading can bring us wisdom. ③ fear n. 害怕；have a fear of 害怕……；fight/overcome one's fear 克服恐惧。 Mike has a fear of dogs. She tried her best to **fight her fear** and stood on the stage. ④ fear v. 害怕；fear sth. = be afraid of sth.；fear to do sth. = be afraid to do sth.； The girl fears the dark. My brother fears to go out at night. 【即时训练】 1. I don’t doubt ______ he can ______ his fear and finish the speech. A. whether; fight B. that; fight C. if; fought D. that; fighting 2. There is no doubt ______ the girl has no ______ of speaking in public. A. that; fear B. whether; fears C. if; fear D. that; fears 【答案】BA 11. Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it. 只要你努力并持之以恒，就没有不可能的事。 【用法详解】 ① as long as 只要，引导条件状语从句；主将从现。 As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. ② stick v. 粘，贴；stick sth. on... 把某物粘在……上；stick to 坚持，to 是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。 Stick the stamp on the envelope. He always sticks to his decision. They stuck to taking a taxi there yesterday. 【易错警示】 stick to的to是介词，后面跟名词或者V-ing。 【即时训练】 1. ______ you try and stick to it, nothing is impossible. 2. He sticks to ______ (run) every morning. 3. You can go to the park ______ you finish your homework. A. as soon as B. as long as C. as far as D. as much as 【答案】1. As long as 2. running 3. B Unit 2 Getting along 1. Remember this and you will go a long way in getting along with people. 【用法详解】 get along/on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽。 She gets on well with her teachers. 【即时训练】 1. She gets on well ______ her teachers. 2. 她和邻居们相处得很好。 __________________________________________ 【答案】1. with 2. She gets on well with her neighbours. 2. Do you have any problems in getting along with others? 【用法详解】 ① have problems in (doing) sth. 做……有困难；in 可省略，动词用 -ing。 例：I have problems in solving difficult math problems. ② have problems with sb. 和某人有矛盾。 例：I have problems with my deskmate. 【易混警示】have problems in doing 中 doing 不可换成 do 【拓展】同义短语：have difficulty/ trouble in sth. 【即时训练】 1. I have problems in ______ (solve) math problems. 2. You won’t have difficulty ______ the problem if you ask the teacher for help. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 【答案】1. solving 2. C 3. ...he shouts in a very angry voice. 他用极其愤怒的声音大喊一声。 【用法详解】 ① shout at sb. 对某人大喊，带生气/不满。 Don’t shout at me. I’m doing my best! ② shout to sb. 向某人喊话，为让对方听到。 I had to shout to her because she was far away. 【一句话辨异】shout at 带情绪；shout to 为听见。 【即时训练】 Don’t ______ me. I’m doing my best. A. shout to B. shout at C. shout with D. shout for 【答案】B 4. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there. 【用法详解】 ① since prep./conj. 自从；后接过去时间点或一般过去时从句；主句常用现在完成时。 I have worked here since ten years ago. / Mary hasn’t called me since she went to Dalian. ② since then 从那以后。 I haven’t eaten junk food since then. ③ “since + 时间点”可与“for + 时间段”互换。 I have lived here since 2023. = I have lived here for two years. 【巧记口诀】since 点，for 段；主完从过记心间。 【即时训练】 1. I ______ (not eat) junk food since then. 2. He has lived in the town for 5 years. He has lived in the town ________ ________ ________. 【答案】1. haven’t eaten 2. since 5 years ago 5. But spring never comes, nor summer. 但春天从未到来，夏天亦未到来。 【用法详解】 ① nor conj. 也不；否定两个相同性质。 It was not my fault, nor his. ② neither...nor... 既不……也不……；连接主语时谓语遵循“就近原则”。 Neither Tom nor Jerry likes the movie. ③ nor + 助/情/be + 主语，表示“……也不”。 Danny doesn’t like meat. Nor does John. 【即时训练】 1. Neither Tom nor Jerry ______ the movie. A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like 2. 我不会弹钢琴，我的妹妹也不会。 I can’t play the piano. ________ ________ my sister. 【答案】1. B 2. Nor can 6. One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. 一天早晨，巨人突然听到鸟儿在歌唱。 【用法详解】 ① hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事。 One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. ② hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事（全过程/经常）。 I heard him sing a song. 【易混警示】强调正在进行用 doing；强调全过程用 do。 【即时训练】 1. I heard him ______ (sing) a song just now. 2. 刚才我看见他正在操场上打篮球。 I ________ him ________ basketball on the playground just now. 【答案】1. sing 2. saw; playing 7. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 树木们欣喜万分，因为它们已繁花似锦地覆盖了自己。 【用法详解】 so + adj./adv. + that... 如此……以至于……。 It is so dark that we can’t see anything. He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. 【即时训练】 He runs _______ _______ ______ nobody can catch him. 【答案】so fast that 8. He knocks down the wall. 他推倒了墙。 【用法详解】 ① knock down 摧毁，拆毁；撞倒。 They are going to knock down the old houses. ② knock at/on 敲；knock into 相撞；knock over 撞倒，打翻。 Someone is knocking at the door. / The strong wind knocked over several bicycles. 9. Anger leads to unhappiness. 愤怒会导致不快乐。 【用法详解】 lead to 导致；to 是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。 Poor communication often leads to misunderstandings. 【即时训练】 Poor communication often leads to ______ (misunderstand). 【答案】misunderstandings 10. The children return, and the garden is lively again. 孩子们回来了，花园重新变得生机勃勃。 【用法详解】 ① return v. 返回；归还。 Two hours later, they returned to the company. / Please return the book in two weeks. ② lively adj. 充满活力的。 My sister is a lively girl. ③ live 活的/现场直播的；living 活着的（作定语）；alive 活着的（作表语）。 The park is lively on weekends. / He is the greatest writer alive. 【一句话辨异】lively 活泼；living 定语活；alive 表语活；live 现场活。 【即时训练】 1. He is the greatest writer ______. A. lively B. living C. alive D. live 2. 用lively, live, living, alive填空 We watched a ①______ show. It brought a ②______ talk. We learnt about all ③______ things and we must try our best to keep those animals ④______. 【答案】1. C 2. ① live ② lively ③ living ④ alive 11. Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events. 示例包括恐高症以及对参加社交活动的恐惧。 【用法详解】 attend v. 参加，出席，到场；正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼等。 Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events. 【辨析】take part in 参加群众性活动并发挥作用；join 加入组织/团体；join in 参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等。 I joined the club when I was 10. Can I join in the game? 【即时训练】 He will ______ an important meeting tomorrow. A. join B. attend C. take part D. join in 【答案】B 12. What if they never... again? 如果他们再也……不再发生，会怎样？ 【用法详解】 What if...? 要是……会怎么样呢？用于提出假设性问题或表达担忧、建议。 What if the train is late? 13. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses. They couldn't reach an agreement. 【用法详解】 ① argue v. 争论，争吵；argue with sb. 与某人争论；argue about/over sth. 因某事争论；argument n.。 Don't argue with the driver about meaningless things when taking a bus. ② divide v. 分开；divide...into... 把……分成……；be divided into... 被分成……。 The teacher divided the class into four groups. The class is divided into four groups. ③ reach an agreement 达成一致；agree with sb. 同意某人；agree to sth. 同意计划/建议；agree on 就……达成一致。 After a two-hour discussion, they finally came to an agreement. At last, they agreed with each other. 【辨析】agree with sb. 同意某人；agree to sth. 同意计划/建议；agree on 就……达成一致。 【即时训练】 1. They argued ______ the matter again. 2. The book is divided ______ six parts. 3. 我不同意他，因为我觉得这个计划不好。 I don’t ________ ________ him because I think the plan is bad. 4. 最终，她同意了我们的提议。 At last, she ________ ________ our suggestion. 【答案】1. about/over 2. into 3. agree with 4. agreed to 14. They wrote him a letter, asking for advice. 他们给他写了一封信，寻求建议。 【用法详解】 现在分词短语作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等；逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。 Walking along the street, I heard a strange noise. The children ran out of the classroom, laughing and talking. He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 15. Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there.The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind. Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness.自那时起，数百年时光荏苒，这条小巷依然犹在。通城百姓至今仍铭记这首诗的意境；每当他们漫步在这条小巷时，总会想起：善行能催生更多善行。 【用法详解】 ① pass v. 过去，流逝；passed 过去式/过去分词；past adj. 过去的。 Twenty years have passed. ② keep...in mind 把……记在心里； It's a good idea — I'll keep it in mind. ③ whenever conj. 每当；引导时间状语从句，相当于 every time；也可引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter when。 Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me of the happy days. Help whenever and wherever you can. 【即时训练】 1. Hundreds of years ______ (pass) since then. 2. ______ they walk down the lane, they remember the kindness. 【答案】1. have passed 2.Whenever Unit 3 Make it happen 1. Easton LaChappelle, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science fair. 14 岁的学生伊斯顿·拉查佩尔在科学展览会上站在自己的作品旁。 【用法详解】 ① n. 展览会；science fair 科学展览会； My model plane won first prize at the school science fair. job fair 招聘会 ② adj. 公平的；unfair 不公平的；浅色的。 It’s not fair to judge others only by their appearance. 【拓展】fairly adv. 公平地； fairness n. 公平 【即时训练】 1. My model plane won first prize at the school science ______. 2. 请用fair的适当形式填空 Life is not always ______. Sometimes we may be treated ______, but we should believe that everyone should be judged ______. It is ______ to look down on others. We hope the world can be ______ peaceful for all people. 【答案】1. fair 2. fair, fairly, unfair, unfairly 2. He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. It was made from plastic blocks and fishing line. 他用塑料积木和钓鱼线把它搭了起来。它是由塑料积木和钓鱼线制成的。 【用法详解】 ① out of 由……制成；用……做成。 We built the hen house out of wood. ② be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）。 Wine is made from grapes. ③ be made of 由……制成（看得出原材料）。 The table is made of wood. ④ be made in 产地。 This kind of wine is made in France. 【巧记口诀】from 看不出，of 看得出，in 后接产地。 【即时训练】 1. The beautiful kite was made ______ bamboo and paper. You can clearly see the bamboo sticks. A. from B. of C. in D. out 2. Paper is made ______ wood. We can’t see wood in paper. A. of B. in C. from D. out 3. They made the small house ______ stones. A. out of B. of C. from D. in 【答案】BCA 3. “Hello,” said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. “你好，”一名佩戴义肢的女孩在与伊斯顿的团队握手时说道。 【用法详解】 ① with + 名词 + 形容词/副词/介词短语，表示伴随。 Fish sleep with their eyes open. She left the room with the light on. The little boy ran with a kite in his hand. ② artificial adj. 人造的，人工的；artificially adv. 人造地。 This factory produces artificial materials for clothing. ③ artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能。 AI means artificial intelligence. 【即时训练】 Our English teacher came in ______ a smile _______ _______ _______. 【答案】with; on her/his face 4. This was the first time Easton met Jenny, a girl with a special condition. 这是伊斯顿第一次见到珍妮——一个患有特殊疾病的女孩。 【用法详解】 ① n. 长期疾病；健康状况；条件，状况。 He suffers from a serious heart condition. / He is in excellent condition now. ② in excellent condition 健康状况很好；out of condition 健康状况不佳； living/working conditions 生活/工作条件。 The player is in good condition, but his living conditions are very bad. He hasn’t exercised for months and is out of condition. 【拓展】on condition that 条件是……（引导条件状语从句） 【即时训练】 1. The old car is still ______ ______ ______.（condition） 这辆旧车仍然状况良好。 2. You can go to the party ______ ______ ______ you finish your homework first.（condition） 你可以去晚会，条件是你先完成作业。 3. The workers are asking for better working ______.（condition） 【答案】1. in good condition 2. on condition that 3. conditions 5. She was born without an arm. 她出生时没有手臂。 【用法详解】 ① be born in/on/at 出生于某地/某日。 He was born in Shijiazhuang and was born on July 25, 1999. ② be born with 天生具有。 Everyone is born with the ability to learn. ③ be born into 生于……家庭。 She was born into a poor family. 【即时训练】 1. 她天生一副好嗓音。 She ______ ______ ______ a good voice. 2. 这个男孩生来没有右手。 The boy ______ ______ ______ his right hand. 3. 我的妈妈出生于 1990 年。 My mother ______ ______ ______ 1990. 【拓展】1. was born with 2. was born without 3. was born in 6. Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000. 她的义臂不过是一个简单的钩子，但造价却高达 8 万美元。 【用法详解】 ① sth. costs sb. money：物作主语。 The book cost me 20 yuan. ② sb. spends time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.：人作主语。 I spent 20 yuan on the book. ③ It takes sb. time to do sth.：it 作形式主语。 It took me 20 minutes to get to school. ④ sb. pays money for sth.：人作主语。 We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 【一句话辨异】物 cost，人 spend/pay，it take。 【即时训练】 1. I ______ two hours reading this English story yesterday. A. cost B. spent C. paid D. took 2. The new bike ______ me 800 yuan. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took 3. It ______ him half an hour to walk to school every day. A. takes B. spends C. costs D. pays 4. You need to ______ 50 yuan for this dictionary. A. spend B. cost C. pay D. take 【答案】BCAC 7. It blew me away. 这简直让我大吃一惊。 【用法详解】 使某人大为惊讶；blow-blew-blown。 Her sweet voice just blows everyone away. 【即时训练】 Her sweet voice just ______ (blow) everyone away. 【答案】blew 8. I must lend a hand to people like her. 我必须为像她这样的人伸出援手。 【用法详解】 ① lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物（借出）。 Can you lend me your pen? ② borrow...from... 从……借入。 I borrowed a book from the library. ③ keep 借入后的延续；与 for/since 连用。 I have kept this magazine for three months. ④ lend (sb) a (helping) hand = lend a hand to sb. 帮助某人。 Can you lend me a hand with these heavy boxes? 【一句话辨异】lend 借出，borrow 借入，keep 保存延续。 【即时训练】 1. Could you ______ me your pen? Mine is broken. 2. I want to ______ a storybook from the library. 3. —How long can I ______ this magazine? —For two weeks. 4. When you are in trouble, I’m ready to ______. 【答案】1. lend 2. borrow 3. keep 4. lend a hand 9. What a helping hand! 真是帮了大忙！ 【用法详解】 ① What + a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + 主谓！ What a fine day it is! ② What + adj. + 复数/不可数名词 + 主谓！ What nice music it is! ③ How + adj./adv. + 主谓！ How fast the little boy runs! ④ How + 主谓！ How time flies! 【即时训练】用 What 或 How 填空。 1. ______ useful the book is! 2. ______ interesting story it is! 3. ______ bad weather it is today! 【答案】1. How 2. What an 3. What 10. Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention. Shantanu 因其发明荣获一项奖项，并收到众多祝贺。 【用法详解】 ① win 赢得比赛、奖品等；宾语是比赛、奖品。 We won the basketball game. ② beat 打败人或队；宾语是人或队。 We beat the team from No.1 Middle School. ③ congratulations n. 祝贺的话（常用复数）；congratulate v. 祝贺。 I congratulate you on your success. / Congratulations on your success! 【即时训练】 Our team ______ Class 3 in the final match. A. won B. beat C. beats D. wins 【答案】B 11. I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. 我并没有什么特别的天赋，我只是怀有强烈的好奇心。 【用法详解】 ① talent n. 天资，天赋，才能。have a talent for... 对……有天赋 = be talented in...。 Her children have a talent for music.= Her children is talented in music. ② curious adj. 好奇的。be curious about... 对……感到好奇。 Puppies are naturally curious. Kids are always curious about the unknown world. 【拓展】curiosity n. 好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇；have a deep curiosity about... 对……有着深深的好奇。 He did lots of research out of curiosity. He had a deep curiosity about science when he was young. 【易错警示】curious 是形容词，curiosity 是名词；out of curiosity 是固定搭配，意为“出于好奇”。 【即时训练】 1. Children are naturally ______ (curious) about the world. 2. He opened the box ______ (出于好奇). 3. She has a ______ (talent) for music. 【答案】1. curious 2. out of curiosity 3. talent 12. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research. 他被电所吸引，并对电的本质怀有浓厚的好奇心。他做了很多研究。 【用法详解】 ① be drawn to 被……吸引，其中 drawn 是 draw 的过去分词，draw 此处意为“吸引”。 The little girl was drawn to the colourful toys. ② do research 做研究，进行调查。 He did lots of research. 【易错警示】be drawn to 中的 to 是介词，后接名词或动名词；draw 的过去分词是 drawn，不是 drew。 【即时训练】 1. The little girl was drawn ______ the colourful toys. 2. He ______ (do) lots of research on electricity last year. 【答案】1. to 2. did 13. This strong curiosity drove him to spend years studying the sky and the earth. 这种强烈的好奇心驱使他花费多年时间研究天空与大地。 【用法详解】 drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事，迫使某人做某事。drive 的过去式是 drove。 This strong curiosity drove him to spend years studying the sky and the earth. 【即时训练】 1. 每天早上，他开车送他女儿去上学。 He ______ his daughter ______ school every morning. 2. My father ______ me to the park yesterday. A. drive B. drives C. drove D. driving 【答案】1. drives to 2. C 14. These achievements played an important role in the development of science. 这些成就在科学发展进程中发挥了重要作用。 【用法详解】 ① achievement n. 成绩，成就。make achievements 取得成就 These achievements played an important role in the development of science. 【拓展】achieve 动词，实现，达到 achieve one’s dream ② play an important role in... 在……中发挥重要作用。 These achievements played an important role in the development of science. 【拓展】同义词：play an important part in 【易错警示】play a role in 中的 in 是介词，后接名词或动名词；development 是名词，develop 是动词。 【即时训练】 1. 建造这座大桥是一项伟大的成就。 Building this big bridge is ______ ______ ______. 2. 每个人都可以在保护环境方面发挥作用。 Everyone can ______ ______ ______ ______ protecting the environment. 【答案】1. a great achievement 2. play a role in 15. This invention helps protect buildings from lightning. 本发明有助于保护建筑物免受雷击。 【用法详解】 protect...from... 保护……免受……。 She wears sunglasses to protect her eyes from the strong sunlight. 【拓展】stop/prevent...from... 【易错警示】protect...from... 中的 from 不可省略 【即时训练】 We should ______ our eyes from the strong sunlight. The ______ of our eyes is very important. (protect) 【答案】protect; protection 16. He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! 他对太空充满好奇，甚至发明了一把“飞行椅”。 【用法详解】 so + adj./adv. + that... 如此……以至于……。 He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! so+a/an+adj.+n.+that... 含义：如此…… 的一个…… 以至于…… 注意：这个句型里，**so** 修饰形容词，结构顺序和 such 不一样。 She is so clever a girl that everyone likes her. 【即时训练】 1. 这是一部如此精彩的电影，我们想再看一次。 It is ______ ______ ______ ______ that we want to watch it again. 2. He was ______ curious about space ______ he invented a “flying chair”. 【答案】1. so wonderful a movie 2. so; that 17. It opens new doors for us to learn and discover. 它为我们学习和探索开启了新的机遇之门。 【用法详解】 open new doors for 为……打开新的大门。 It opens new doors for us to learn and discover. 模块说明： 1. 对专题涉及的单元知识点分层进行实战演练，试题以上一年的期中真题为主，标注题源。 2. 分为2个题组：基础固本和综合进阶。基础固本注重基础素养，综合进阶练注重语言的综合运用能力。3. 每个题组都设置限时，基础固本限时10分钟左右，综合进阶20分钟左右。 4. 题型多样化：样张列出的题型仅供参考，可根据实际需要、版本使用地区、考情等进行调整。 （组稿完成后，该文本框需删除） 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．I don’t want to ________ (argument) with you as it can’t solve the problem between us. 【答案】argue 【详解】句意：我不想和你争吵，因为这解决不了我们之间的问题。argument意为“争论”，是名词。want to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。argue意为“争论”，是动词。故填argue。 2．It is not polite to ________ (争吵) with your parents in front of others. 【答案】argue 【详解】句意：在别人面前和父母争吵是不礼貌的。argue with sb.表示“与某人争吵”，固定搭配。It is not polite to do sth.表示“做某事是不礼貌的”，to后接动词原形。故填argue。 3．After a long discussion, the two students finally decided to ________ (达成一致). 【答案】reach an agreement 【详解】句意：经过长时间的讨论，这两个学生最终决定达成一致。根据汉语提示可知，reach an agreement“达成一致”，动词短语；又因decide to do sth.“决定做某事”为固定搭配，所以动词reach保持原形。 4．Easton, a 14-year-old student, stood beside his work at a science ________ (展览). 【答案】fair 【详解】句意：伊斯顿是一名14岁的学生，在一场科学展览上站在他的作品旁。“展览”对应的英文单词fair，固定搭配science fair表示“科学展览”，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数fair。 5．I don’t feel like ________ (go) out on such a cold night. 【答案】going 【详解】句意：在这么冷的晚上我不想出去。句中“feel like”是固定搭配，意为“想要”，其后接动词时要使用动名词形式，即feel like doing sth.；go的动名词形式是going。 二、完成句子 1．There are many ________ (different) between twin sisters. 【答案】differences 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎姐妹之间有很多不同之处。different“不同的”是形容词，句中many后需要接可数名词复数，different的名词形式是difference，复数形式为differences，意为“不同之处；差异”。 2．Two months ________ (pass) since Helen started to learn English online. 【答案】has passed 【详解】句意：自从海伦在线学习英语以来，已经过去两个月了。句中出现了标志词since（自从……以来），since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句要使用现在完成时。当表示时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语，整体视作一个单一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式，“Two months”此处被看作一整段时间，所以助动词用has，pass的过去分词是passed，因此填has passed。 3．It is said that the ________ (高度) of Mount Fuji in Japan is 12,389 feet. 【答案】height 【详解】句意：据说日本富士山的高度是12389英尺。固定搭配：the+名词+of，表示“……的……”。高度的名词是height。 4．We send our ________ (congratulate) to him on his good grades. 【答案】congratulations 【详解】句意：我们为他取得优异成绩向他送上祝贺。形容词性物主代词“our”后面要接名词。括号内congratulate是动词：祝贺，其名词形式为congratulation，常用复数congratulations，表示“祝贺，恭喜”。 5．Thick snow will c________ (遮盖) all the roads in the small town tonight. 【答案】cover/over 【详解】句意：今晚大雪将覆盖这个小镇所有的道路。根据首字母c提示和中文“遮盖”可知，对应的英文单词是“cover”。结合空格前的will可知，will是情态动词，后面需要接动词原形。主语Thick snow与cover之间为主动关系，所以直接填动词原形即可。所以应填cover。 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．他在写作方面有很大的天赋。 He has great ________ for writing. 【答案】talent 【详解】原句中“天赋”是关键词，对应单词为talent，且have talent for sth.表示“在某方面有天赋”，talent是不可数名词。故填talent。 2．And the trees are ________ glad ________ they have covered themselves with flowers. 树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。 【答案】 so that 【详解】原句中“开心得……都……”是关键词，对应的英文结构是“so...that...”，表示“如此……以至于……”。句中glad是形容词，放在so之后，that引出结果状语从句，故填so；that。 3．南希擅长和来自不同国家的同学和睦相处。 Nancy is ________ at ________ ________ ________ her classmates from different countries. 【答案】 good getting along with 【详解】原句中“擅长”和“和睦相处”是关键词，表示“擅长”用固定搭配be good at；表示“和睦相处”用固定短语get along with。介词at后接动词-ing形式，所以get变为getting。 4．我将要步行去上学，而不是坐公交车。 I will walk to school ________ ________ taking a bus. 【答案】 instead of 【详解】原句中“而不是”是关键词，表示“而不是”的短语是instead of。of为介词，后面接动名词形式。故填instead；of。 5．我们坚持每天放学后跑步20分钟。 We _________ _________ running for twenty minutes after school every day. 【答案】 stick to 【详解】原句中“坚持”是关键词，表示“坚持”的短语是stick to；every day说明本句为一般现在时，主语We是复数，谓语动词用原形，to是介词，后面接动名词。 四、单项选择 1．________ the cold weather, my sister goes running every morning. A．Without B．Across C．Behind D．Despite 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管天气寒冷，我姐姐每天早上都去跑步。 Without没有；Across穿过；Behind在……后面；Despite尽管。“the cold weather”和“my sister goes running every morning.”之间构成让步关系，且空格后为名词短语，应用Despite表示“尽管”。 2．I never ________ at my friends because I think it doesn’t solve any problems. A．look B．shout C．point D．call 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我从不冲我的朋友们大喊大叫，因为我觉得这解决不了任何问题。 look at看；shout at对……大喊；point at指向；call at拜访某地。根据后半句“it doesn’t solve any problems”可知，此处表示“对朋友大喊大叫”这种无济于事的行为，应填shout at。 3．It ________ me 20 minutes to get to the shop. A．costs B．pays C．takes D．spends 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到达商店花费我20分钟。 take花费，常用句型It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.；cost花费，主语通常是物，多指花钱；pay支付，主语是人；spend花费，主语是人。根据固定句型It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.，因此用takes。 4．—What an exciting match! —Yes, isn’t it? I ________ such a great one before! A．never saw B．have never seen C．never see D．won’t see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多么激动人心的比赛啊！——是的，不是吗？我以前从来没有看过这么精彩的比赛！ 根据句末时间状语before可知，此处强调过去的经历对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。 5．The ________ between the two cultures is an interesting topic. A．height B．difference C．secret D．silver 【答案】B 【详解】句意：两种文化的差异是一个有趣的话题。 height高度；difference差异，不同；secret秘密；silver银。结合语境，能用来描述两种文化之间的名词是difference，the difference between the two cultures表示“两种文化之间的差异”，应填difference。 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、阅读理解 There once lived a poor boy called Ma Liang. He dreamt (梦见) that an old man gave him a magic paintbrush that could bring paintings to life. The old man told him that he must use it to help poor people. Ma Liang found the magic paintbrush on his desk when he woke up. He began to help people in the village. He painted a river so people could water their crops (庄稼). He painted food for farmers and their families. A rich man wanted the magic paintbrush so he stole (偷) it from Ma Liang. None of the rich man’s paintings came to life. This made him very angry. Ma Liang visited the rich man’s house. The man told Ma Liang he must paint a picture before he could leave. The rich man asked him to paint a golden mountain but Ma Liang painted a blue sea instead. This made the rich man very angry and he shouted at Ma Liang to paint him the golden mountain. Ma Liang painted the golden mountain but it was a long way across the sea. The rich man asked him to paint a boat. He got into the boat. Ma Liang painted a big wave (浪) to break the boat. People in the village never saw the rich man again. Ma Liang lived a happy life and kept on helping poor people with his magic paintbrush. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Who gave Ma Liang the magic paintbrush? A．An old man. B．A poor man. C．A farmer. D．A rich man. 2．What did Ma Liang paint to help people in the village? A． B． C． D． 3．Why did Ma Liang paint a big wave? A．To break the boat. B．To make the sea more beautiful. C．To make the rich man see the wave. D．To send the rich man to the golden mountain. 4．Which of the following is the right order of the story? ①The rich man died. ②Ma Liang painted a blue sea. ③Ma Liang painted a golden mountain. ④The rich man stole the magic paintbrush. A．④③②① B．④②③① C．②③④① D．③②①④ 5．Which word can best describe Ma Liang according to the story? A．Quiet. B．Poor. C．Smart. D．Happy. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是神笔马良的故事，讲述了穷孩子马良得到一支可以将画作变为现实的神笔，他一直用神笔帮助村里的穷人，面对偷笔的贪婪富人，马良用智慧惩治了对方，最终坚持用神笔帮助他人。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段“He dreamt that an old man gave him a magic paintbrush that could bring paintings to life.”可知，是一位老人在马良的梦中赠予他神笔。 2．根据原文第二段“He painted a river so people could water their crops.”可知，马良为村民画了河流让他们浇灌庄稼，对应D项图片。 3．根据原文第六段“Ma Liang painted a big wave to break the boat.”可知，马良画巨浪的目的是打翻富人乘坐的船。 4．结合原文第三段“A rich man wanted the magic paintbrush so he stole it from Ma Liang.”首先富人偷走神笔（④），结合原文第四段“The rich man asked him to paint a golden mountain but Ma Liang painted a blue sea instead.”之后马良被富人胁迫先画了一片蓝色的海（②），结合原文第五段“This made the rich man very angry and he shouted at Ma Liang to paint him the golden mountain.”接着才画了远在海对面的金山（③），结合原文第六段“Ma Liang painted a big wave to break the boat. People in the village never saw the rich man again.”最后马良画巨浪打翻船，富人消失即死亡（①），正确顺序为④②③①。 5．马良面对贪婪的富人没有直接顺从，而是巧妙设计用海浪惩治了对方，体现出他机智聪慧的特质。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jenny and I have been best friends since primary school. We used to do everything together — 1 homework, watching movies, and sharing secrets. But last month, something changed. Jenny joined the school dance club and made some new friends. She started 2 me messages less often. Whenever I invited her to hang out, she always said she was busy. I felt 3 and didn’t know what to do. One day, I decided to talk to her. “Jenny, I feel like we’re not as 4 as before,” I said. She looked surprised. “I’m sorry,” she replied. “I didn’t realize you felt that way. I was just 5 to make new friends and didn’t want to lose you.” I realized that I should have told her my 6 earlier instead of keeping them inside. “I guess I was 7 that you might not want to be my friend anymore,” I admitted. Jenny smiled and said, “You’re my best friend. Nothing can change that. Why don’t we 8 something together this weekend?” From this experience, I learned that 9 friends will respect your feelings. It is important to be honest about your fears instead of 10 them. Communication is the key to any friendship. 1．A．doing B．making C．taking D．getting 2．A．sending B．to send C．send D．sent 3．A．excited B．happy C．uncertain D．cheerful 4．A．close B．closer C．closest D．closely 5．A．try B．tried C．trying D．to try 6．A．feelings B．fears C．ideas D．suggestions 7．A．afraid B．proud C．sure D．glad 8．A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 9．A．fake B．true C．new D．old 10．A．expressing B．sharing C．hiding D．showing 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了一对从小相伴的好友因一方加入新社团产生隔阂，最终通过坦诚沟通化解矛盾的故事，点明了真诚沟通是维系友谊的核心。 【详解】1．句意：我们过去什么事都一起做——做作业、看电影、分享秘密。 “做作业”的固定英文搭配是do homework，和后文的动名词结构watching、sharing保持形式一致，doing符合语境。 2．句意：她开始给我发消息的频率变得越来越低。 固定用法start doing sth.表示“开始做某事”，send messages是“发消息”的常用搭配，sending符合语法规则。 3．句意：我感到很迷茫，不知道该怎么办。 好友突然变得忙碌疏远，“我”的情绪是不确定、不知所措的，uncertain意为“不确定的、迷茫的”，贴合当下心境。 4．句意：“珍妮，我感觉我们不像以前那么亲密了。”我说道。 固定结构as+形容词原级+as表示“和……一样”，close意为“亲密的”，用来形容好友间的关系，符合语义。 5．句意：我当时只是忙着认识新朋友，并不想失去你。 过去进行时结构为was/were+现在分词，trying是try的现在分词形式，符合句子时态要求。 6．句意：我意识到我本该早点把我的感受告诉她，而不是一直憋在心里。 后文提到“我”向珍妮坦白自己的不安，这里指的是藏在心里的真实感受，feelings意为“感受”，贴合语境。 7．句意：我感觉我之前一直害怕你再也不想和我做朋友了。” 好友逐渐疏远，“我”内心的情绪是担忧失去这段友谊，afraid意为“害怕的、担忧的”，符合人物心理。 8．句意：我们这周末为什么不一起做点什么事呢？ 固定句型Why don’t we后接动词原形，用来提出建议，do符合该句型的语法规则。 9．句意：从这次经历中我学到，真正的朋友会尊重你的感受。 能尊重彼此情绪、不会因新社交疏远对方的才是真挚的好友，true意为“真正的”，贴合全文对友谊的正向定义。 10．句意：坦诚说出你的恐惧，而不是把它们藏起来，这一点非常重要。 前文提到“我”之前把情绪憋在心里，这里对应的反义行为就是“隐藏”恐惧，hiding意为“隐藏”，符合语义逻辑。 三、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 In 1853, a rich man was on holiday in Saratoga Springs, New York. One night, he went to a restaurant to have dinner. He 1 at the menu and ordered a plate of fried (油炸的) potatoes. After a while, 2 dish was given to the man. But he didn’t like it because he thought the potatoes 3 too thick (厚的) and not crispy (脆的) enough. So he sent 4 back to the kitchen. George Crum was the cook of that restaurant. After knowing that, he cut the potatoes 5 and sent them to that man again. 6 the man still thought the potatoes were not thin enough. Crum got unhappy and decided 7 him a lesson. He cut the potatoes much thinner and cooked them for a long time. After they became crispy, he put some salt 8 them and served the new dish to the man personally. To his surprise, the man liked the new dish very much. And 9 people wanted to try it. Soon the potato chips became popular in the world. Crum opened his own restaurant to sell this kind of potato chips, so people 10 buy them easily. 1．A．look B．looks C．is looking D．looked 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．are B．were C．is D．was 4．A．their B．theirs C．they D．them 5．A．thinner B．thinnest C．longer D．longest 6．A．And B．Or C．But D．So 7．A．teach B．to teach C．solve D．to solve 8．A．on B．from C．during D．at 9．A．few B．little C．many D．much 10．A．must B．should C．need D．could 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了1853年一位富人在度假时点炸土豆片嫌厚，厨师乔治·克拉姆反复切薄、油炸，最终意外发明了薯片并使其风靡世界的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他看了看菜单，点了一盘油炸土豆。 上文“went to a restaurant”为过去时，此处“看菜单”与“点菜”为先后发生的过去动作，应用一般过去时，looked符合语境。look（动词原形）、looks（三单现在时）、is looking（现在进行时）均不符。 2．句意：过了一会儿，这道菜被端给了那个人。 上文已提及“ordered a plate”，此处再次指代同一盘土豆，应用定冠词the表特指。a（不定冠词，表泛指）、an（用于元音音素前）、/（零冠词）均不符。 3．句意：但他不喜欢，因为他认为土豆太厚且不够脆。 主句“thought”为过去时，宾语从句时态需与主句一致，应用一般过去时；主语potatoes为复数，be动词用were。are（现在时）、is（单数现在时）、was（单数过去时）均不符。 4．句意：于是他把它们送回厨房。 此处作动词sent的宾语，指代前文的“土豆片”，应用人称代词宾格them。their（形容词性物主代词）、theirs（名词性物主代词）、they（主格）均不符。 5．句意：得知后，他把土豆切得更薄，再次送给那个人。 上文富人说“too thick”，乔治应切得更薄以回应要求，thin的比较级thinner符合语境；thinnest（最高级，表最薄，无需比较）、longer/ longest（更长/最长，与“厚薄”无关）均不符。 6．句意：但那个人仍然觉得土豆不够薄。 上文乔治已切薄一次，对方仍不满意，前后为转折关系，应用But。And（并列）、Or（选择）、So（因果）均不符。 7．句意：克拉姆不高兴，决定给他一个教训。 decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，应用不定式to teach；teach him a lesson为固定短语，意为“给他一个教训”。solve“解决”与“教训”不搭配，虽形式为不定式但语义不符。 8．句意：他把一些盐撒在它们上面，亲自把新菜端给那个人。 put salt on...为固定搭配，表示“把盐撒在……表面”。from（从）、during（在……期间）、at（在……地点/时间）均不符。 9．句意：而且许多人想尝试它。 people为可数名词复数，应用many修饰，表示“许多人”。few（表否定“很少”）、little（修饰不可数名词）、much（修饰不可数名词）均不符。 10．句意：克拉姆开了自己的餐厅卖这种薯片，所以人们可以更容易地买到它们。 前文“opened his own restaurant”使购买成为可能，应用could表示“能够”。must（必须）、should（应该）、need（需要）均不符语境。 4、 选词填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入方框内单词的正确形式。 final, we, joke, dad, make, have, forget, treasure, pack, lucky Last winter, my family decided to go on vacation to the mountains to ski and have fun. After 1 the plan, I was excited and ready to prepare something for the trip. First, I 2 up my clothes. I picked out my warm jackets, gloves, and a hat. But I was quite 3 . I left my ski goggles (护目镜) at home and didn’t realize it until we got on a bus. 4 , we found a sports store near the ski centre and I bought a new pair. On the way there, my brother kept telling 5 . They were so funny that we couldn’t stop laughing. When we 6 arrived at the resort (度假胜地), we found the scenery of the snow-covered mountains was fantastic. It just took 7 breath away. During the vacation, we spent hours skiing down the slopes ( 斜坡). It was my first time skiing. At first, I was a bit scared. But with my 8 help, I learnt the basic skiing skills. We also built a big snowman and 9 a snowball fight. This vacation was full of joy and unforgettable moments. It made me 10 family time even more. I can’t wait for our next journey together. 【答案】1．making 2．packed 3．forgetful 4．Luckily 5．jokes 6．finally 7．our 8．dad’s 9．had 10．treasure 【导语】本文讲述了去年冬天作者一家去山区滑雪度假的经历。出发前，作者收拾行李时忘记带滑雪镜，幸运的是在滑雪中心附近的运动商店买了一副新的。路上，弟弟不停地讲笑话，让大家笑得停不下来。到达度假地后，美丽的雪景令人惊叹。作者第一次滑雪，起初有些害怕，但在爸爸的帮助下学会了基本技巧。这次假期充满欢乐和难忘的瞬间，让作者更加珍惜家庭时光。 【详解】1．句意：在制定计划之后，我很兴奋，准备为旅行收拾东西。“After”后面需要接动名词作宾语。“make the plan”固定搭配，意为“制定计划”，符合句意，故填making。 2．句意：首先，我收拾好我的衣服。“pack up”是固定短语，意为“收拾/打包”，符合句意。描述去年冬天发生的事情，需要用一般过去时。方框中的“pack”的过去式是“packed”。 3．句意：但我相当健忘，把滑雪镜忘在家里了。空格前有“was quite”，说明需要填一个形容词作表语。后文“I left my ski goggles at home and didn’t realize it”说明作者因为粗心而忘了东西。方框中“forget”的形容词形式是“forgetful”，意为“健忘的”，符合句意。 4．句意：幸运的是，我们在滑雪中心附近找到了一家运动商店，我买了一副新的。空格位于句首，后接逗号，需要填一个副词修饰整个句子。前文说作者忘了带滑雪镜，后文说买到了新的，这是一件幸运的事。“lucky”的副词形式是“luckily”，句首首字母大写，故填Luckily。 5．句意：在路上，我弟弟不停地讲笑话。空格前有“kept telling”，说明需要填一个名词作宾语，表示“讲的东西”。后文“They were so funny that we couldn’t stop laughing”说明这些内容很搞笑，因此是“笑话”。“joke”意为“笑话”，此处表示多个笑话，用复数形式“jokes”。 6．句意：当我们最终到达度假地时，我们发现被雪覆盖的山脉景色太棒了。空格处需要填一个副词修饰动词“arrived”，前文描述了路上的过程，此处表示到达的结果。“final”的副词形式是“finally”。 7．句意：它只是让我们惊叹不已。“take one’s breath away”是固定短语，意为“使某人惊叹/叹为观止”。空格处需要填一个形容词性物主代词，方框中的“we”的形容词性物主代词是“our”。 8．句意：但在爸爸的帮助下，我学会了基本的滑雪技巧。“with one’s help”是固定短语，意为“在某人的帮助下”。空格处需要填名词所有格，指代“爸爸的”，方框中的“dad”变为所有格形式“dad’s”。 9．句意：我们还堆了一个大雪人，并打了一场雪仗。“have a snowball fight”是固定短语，意为“打雪仗”。空格处需要填一个动词，与“built”并列，描述过去发生的事情，方框中的“have”的过去式是“had”。 10．句意：它让我更加珍惜家庭时光。“make sb. do sth.”是固定结构，意为“使某人做某事”，空格处需要填动词原形。后文“family time even more”说明是“珍惜”家庭时光。“treasure”作动词，意为“珍惜/珍视”，符合句意。 五、语法填空 Audrey Hepburn once said, “Nothing is impossible; the word 1 (it) says ‘I’m possible’.” To me, no one proves this 2 (well) than Su Bingtian, China’s famous runner. Su began his sporting life in 2006. At that time, no Asian runner had ever run the 100 m race in less than 10 seconds. Su 3 (train) hard and soon became one of the fastest runners in Asia. However, he was not 4 (satisfy) with his results for long. In 2014, he made a very 5 (risk) decision: to change his starting leg. At that time, he was 25 years old. Many people thought it was too late 6 (make) such a change and doubted his decision. He had to start from zero and was even slower than before at first. But Su did not give up. He fought his fear and kept 7 (practice). Finally, his hard work paid 8 . In 2015, he made history by running the 100 metres in 9.99 seconds. Then, at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, he finished in 9.83 seconds! He became the 9 (one) Chinese athlete to run in the Olympic 100 m final. Su Bingtian has told young people, “Never let your age hold you back.” His story shows us that nothing is impossible as long as we try and stick 10 our dreams. He is a shining star in my eyes. His success inspires me to work hard for my own future. 【答案】1．itself 2．better 3．trained 4．satisfied 5．risky 6．to make 7．practicing 8．off 9．first 10．to 【导语】本文通过讲述苏炳添不断拼搏突破自我的故事，告诉我们只要坚持努力，一切皆有可能。 【详解】1．句意：没有什么是不可能的，这个单词本身就写着“我是可能的”。这里需要反身代词，用来指代前面的the word，强调“单词本身”。 2．句意：对我来说，没有人比中国著名短跑运动员苏炳添更好地证明这一点。句中出现比较级标志词than，副词well要变为对应的比较级better，表示“更好地”。 3．句意：苏刻苦训练，很快成为亚洲跑得最快的运动员之一。文章讲述苏炳添过去的经历，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词train要变为过去式trained。 4．句意：然而，很长一段时间他对自己的成绩并不满意。固定搭配be satisfied with，意为“对……感到满意”，be动词后要用形容词作表语，satisfy转化为形容词satisfied。 5．句意：2014年，他做了一个十分冒险的决定：更换起跑腿。名词decision前面需要形容词来修饰，名词risk变为形容词risky，含义为“冒险的”。 6．很多人认为做这样的改变为时已晚。 本句使用固定句型it was too+形容词 +to do sth.，表示“做某事太……”，too后面接形容词，to后接动词原形。 7．句意：但是苏没有放弃，他战胜恐惧，坚持练习。固定搭配keep doing sth.，表示“坚持持续做某事”，后面动词要使用动名词形式，practice变为practicing。 8．句意：最终，他的努力得到了回报。固定短语pay off，意为“取得回报，获得成功”，属于固定介词搭配。 9．句意：他成为第一位进入奥运会百米决赛的中国运动员。定冠词the后面需要使用序数词，基数词one转化为序数词first，表示“第一个”。 10．句意：他的故事告诉我们，只要我们努力并且坚持我们的梦想，没有什么是不可能的。固定搭配stick to，意为“坚持”，to为介词。 六、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 There are many rules for us to follow to be better people and live better. But is there one that can be a lifetime lesson? Confucius’ student Zi Gong once asked him the question. Confucius gave him a good answer. What did he say? “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” What does it mean? This line means that if you don’t want others to do something to you, then don’t do it to them. In other words, don’t do something to people that even you can’t stand (承受). It tells us to think about others’ feelings. This will help us all get along. Confucius asked his students to follow and practise this rule in their lives. This rule is useful in our daily lives, too. For example, if you don’t want others to talk about you behind your back, then don’t talk about others behind theirs. Another example is how to get along in group work. If you are a leader in a group, you should think about each member’s feelings. Don’t be bossy (专横的). To practise this rule better in our everyday life, you can ask yourself a few questions and your answers must be honest. The first question is, “If I do it, will it hurt somebody?” If the answer is yes, then it’s not a good thing to do. The second question is, “If I do it, will I regret later?” If we do something wrong, we’ll feel sorry about it, even if we can find excuses for our actions. And a final but very important question is, “What’s my first feeling about it?” These all can help you judge whether your behaviour is ethical (道德的) or not. 1．Who is Zi Gong? 2．Write down another sentence which has the same meaning as the underlined sentence. 3．How can you get along in group work if you are the group leader? 4．In your daily life, how do you practise this rule? (Write 30 words or more.) 【答案】1．Confucius’ student. 2．If you don’t want others to do something to you, then don’t do it to them. 3．Think about each member’s feelings and don’t be bossy. 4．Next time when I want to talk about others behind their backs, I will think twice. I will ask myself whether it is polite to do so, or whether it makes sense to speak ill of others. 【导语】本文主要介绍了孔子的一条终身准则“己所不欲，勿施于人”的含义、生活中的应用实例以及如何在日常生活中实践这一规则。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“Confucius’ student Zi Gong once asked him the question.”可知子贡是孔子的学生。 2．划线句“Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.”表达的是己所不欲勿施于人。紧随其后的第3段第二句“This line means that if you don’t want others to do something to you, then don’t do it to them.”是对划线句的同义转述，两句含义一致。 3．根据文章第4段“If you are a leader in a group, you should think about each member’s feelings. Don’t be bossy.”可知作为组长应考虑成员感受且不专横。 4．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，需结合文章主旨“己所不欲，勿施于人”谈谈自己在生活中如何实践。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $