Unit 6Understanding ideas 5－8 导学案2026-2027学年英语外研版九年级上册

第二课时　Understanding ideas 5－8 班级： 　　姓名： 　　日期： 学习目标 • 能正确拼读并运用本课时核心词汇。 • 能运用本课时核心短语与句型完成语用练习。 • 能理解并运用本课重点句式与语法，完成相关练习。 学习重点与难点 【重点】 • 核心词汇与短语的识记与运用。 • 构词法。 【难点】 • 构词法。 课前导学 完成教材原句，并体会构词法 1. 它很快取代了木材和其他天然材料。 It ______ replaced wood and other natural materials. 2. 甚至人类也在吃塑料垃圾！ Even humans are eating plastic ______！ 3. 塑料让许多人的生活变得更加便利，然而它却给我们的地球带来了长久的麻烦。 Plastic makes life easier for many people, yet it brings ______ troubles to our planet. 课堂探究 探究点一　构词法 构词法 英语中单词的构成方法主要有三种：合成法、派生法、转化法。 1. 合成法：由两个或两个以上的单词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫合成法。 (1)合成名词： classroom(名词＋名词), blackboard(形容词＋名词) (2)合成形容词： good­looking(形容词＋现在分词)，man­made(名词＋过去分词)，world­famous(名词＋形容词) (3)合成动词： overcome(副词＋动词) (4)合成代词： somebody (限定词＋名词), anything (限定词＋名词), something (限定词＋名词), everything(限定词＋名词) (5)合成副词： downstairs(副词＋名词) 2. 派生法：在一个单词的前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫派生法。加在单词前的词缀叫前缀，加在单词后的词缀叫后缀。 (1)常见前缀如下。 前缀 例词 dis­(不，非) disagree, dislike en­(使处于某种状态) enable, enrich im­/in­(不) impossible, inexpensive inter­(相互) interact, interchange, interconnect mis­(错误地) mislead, misunderstand non­(不，非) non­smoker, non­native re­(再，重新) review, rewrite, retell un­(不，非) unfriendly, unhappy, uncomfortable, unpleasant tele­(远距离的) telephone, television, telegraph (2)常见后缀如下。 后缀 功能 例词 ­er, ­or 构成名词 teacher, worker, visitor ­ian musician ­ing building, painting, shopping ­ist artist, scientist ­ment agreement, government ­ness coldness, happiness, illness ­th truth, warmth ­tion competition, education ­ty activity, safety ­able, ­ible 构成形容词 comfortable, eatable, permissible ­al environmental, international ­ful careful, helpful ­ive active, expensive ­less careless, helpless, homeless ­ly friendly, lovely, monthly ­ous dangerous, famous ­teen 构成数词 eighteen, fifteen, seventeen ­th fifteenth, fifth, fortieth ­ty forty, sixty, twenty ­ly 构成副词 badly, carefully 3. 转化法：把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 (1)动词转化为名词： Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。 (2)名词转化为动词： Did you book a seat on the plane？你订好飞机座位了吗？ (3)形容词转化为名词：old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。 课时作业 基础对点练 Ⅰ. 从方框中选择合适的词并用其适当形式填空 1. Lots of big ______ carry vegetables and fruit to the city early every morning. 2. In order to reduce global warming, ______ of greenhouse gases needs to be reduced. 3. According to experts, spending too much time on ______ products will hurt our eyes. 4. Plastic ______ is becoming a serious problem all over the world. 能力提升练 Ⅱ. 阅读理解 How green are you? Do you know how to be green? Here are some ideas for you. Reduce means “use less”. Don't waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think whether it is really necessary—or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we do buy things, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from abroad. Reuse means “use again”. Use things for as long as possible. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should look after them so that they will last, and we should repair them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. It's better to use a glass cup and a lunch box because you can use them again. Recycling means “change things into something else”. Though it takes energy to change something into something else, it's better than throwing things away or burning them. Find out what can be recycled in your neighbourhood and take part in recycling programmes. We should also buy products made from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save trees. So please remember these three words: reduce, reuse and recycle. (　　　　)1. The passage is about how to ________. A. produce things B. burn things C. help others D. be green (　　　　)2. Which of the following is RIGHT? A. Don't waste things. B. Always throw away old things. C. Always buy new things. D. Buy too many things from abroad. (　　　　)3. To protect the environment, we should remember these three words: ________. A. waste, reuse and recycle B. repair, burn and recycle C. reduce, reuse and recycle D. reduce, waste and recycle (　　　　)4. The passage may come from a ________. A. menu B. dictionary C. storybook D. magazine 参考答案 课前导学 · Ⅰ 1.quickly 2.waste 3.long-lasting 课时作业 · Ⅰ 1.trucks 2.emission 3.electronic 4.pollution 课时作业 · Ⅱ 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $