北京师范大学附属中学2026-2027学年高三上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

北京师大附中2026-2027学年（上）高三月考考试 英语试卷 班级/层：__________ 姓名：__________ 考生须知 1．本试卷有五道大题，共12页。考试时长90分钟，满分100分。 2．考生务必将答案填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 3．考试结束后，考生应将答题卡交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It’s 4:30 a.m. and the lights are shining brightly at Food Forward’s storage building. Forklifts (叉车) move quickly around the loading area, pulling loads of donated strawberries off one truck or pushing boxes of potatoes onto another headed to 1 people later in the day. Everything moves fast at Food Forward — a nonprofit devoted to giving away agricultural products that would 2 be wasted. Food Forward started 15 years ago. When wandering through his neighborhood, Rick Nahmias noticed all the 3 fruit on the trees and considered how he could make the best of them. “Why not give them to those in need?” Then Nahmias put an ad online, asking for volunteers to help him pick unwanted fruit for donation. Six people responded, but only one 4 at the first event. He persisted, and slowly, an initial core group formed. For the next nine months they’d gather on weekends, picking fruit and 5 them to local food banks. In October 2009, Nahmias was offered a $25,000 grant, enabling their weekend “fun” to become regular. which eventually contributed to a sustainable 6 . Thus Food Forward was established. The nonprofit quickly expanded, collecting not only unwanted residential fruit but also millions of pounds of unsold 7 from farmers, markets and wholesale sellers. In 2023, it 8 87 million pounds to feed the starving people. Today, Food Forward has 50 employees and 2,000 volunteers. People want to work here. Every morning, warehouse manager, drivers and vendors greet each other by name, usually with handshakes that end in hugs. This kind of 9 is a large part of why Food Forward has been so successful. “ 10 the abundance” is not just a slogan; it’s a way of life. We all have abundance; we just need to find out what it is, and give it. 1. A. needy B. willing C. demanding D. greedy 2. A. then B. instead C. otherwise D. still 3. A. fresh B. unpicked C. unripe D. tasty 4. A. set off B. pulled in C. missed out D. showed up 5. A. showing B. selling C. delivering D. recommending 6. A. investment B. plan C. lifestyle D. organization 7. A. meals B. produce C. clothing D. materials 8. A. grew B. ordered C. traded D. distributed 9. A. credit B. procedure C. relationship D. strategy 10. A. Share B. Harvest C. Create D. Keep 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Ana was inspired after reading about kids 11 (face) hardships in a nearby community. It saddened her to learn that they lacked some basic necessities like books. “It made me think how I would feel if my world did not have books in it,” she said. Ana was just ten years old when she 12 (start) an organization called Just 1 Book. To date, she 13 (collect) around half a million books. B Smartphones are very useful and often we can’t imagine life 14 them. But they could be harmful as well. We surveyed 1,065 students 15 (determine) if smartphone addiction affects sleep. We identified a strong 16 (connect) between smartphone addiction and poor sleep. There is also an association between addiction and using your phone late at night. The amount of time 17 (spend) on your phone is not enough to suggest addiction. But combining that with the latest time you use your phone can be a good indicator. C Years ago, when I was beginning my journey as an animal communicator, I was working as staff at a wildlife rescue organization. It was 18 (extreme) hard work. I 19 (challenge) to reach beyond my limits. I encountered all sorts of animals. They all showed me what we can learn from animals in their own ways, such as a tiny mouse 20 bravery changed my life forever. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The University of Macau (UM) warmly welcomes exchange students from its global partner institutions to experience academic life in our unique cultural environment. As an incoming exchange student, you’ll have the opportunity to study for one or two semesters without paying tuition fees, while earning credits that can be transferred back to your home institution. To begin the application process, you must first be officially nominated (提名) by your home institution’s exchange office, as UM doesn’t accept direct applications from individuals. The nomination package should include documents that showcase your academic background and study plans. These should be official English transcripts demonstrating your GPA, a detailed course selection form outlining your proposed studies at UM, a thoughtful personal statement explaining your motivation for joining the program, and at least one recommendation letter from a faculty member at your home university. For postgraduate students interested in research-based programs, an additional research project proposal is required. Once nominated, you will receive access to UM’s online application system where you can complete your registration. This digital process requires you to submit a passport-sized photo, and copies of your identification documents. It’s particularly important for you to complete this application by deadline, as late submissions may affect your ability to pre-select courses. Upon arriving, you need to complete several important registration steps. These include submitting a medical examination form, and additional passport photos for various administrative purposes. The university provides detailed guidance to help you navigate these requirements, ensuring you can focus on making the most of your experience in Macao. For more information, please visit our official exchange program website or come to the school for consultation. 21. Which is the first step for students to begin the application? A. Getting nomination from their institutions. B. Obtaining one recommendation letter. C. Preparing their official transcripts. D. Designing a research proposal. 22. What are students required to do in the online application step? A. To upload photos of different sizes. B. To explore the course options at UM. C. To submit copies of identification files. D. To transfer their previous credits to UM. 23. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To promote the exchange program. B. To attract students to visit the university. C. To introduce the university website. D. To inform students of the registration steps. B In early 2023, I set out on a voyage to the Galápagos Islands. It was on Floreana Island’s windswept shore that I encountered a weathered whisky barrel (桶) — the legendary Post Office Bay mailbox. It was first used by sailors in 1793 to send mail back home: they would leave a letter and take any addressed to their next port of call to deliver them by hand. It’s still used by tourists. People will leave a letter and take one that they are able to hand-deliver to their next destination. The barrel was full with postcards waiting for delivery. I took a couple home and delivered them with delight: one to a teacher from her pupil, and another from a girl to her boyfriend. The recipients were incredibly grateful. Weeks later, I couldn’t stop thinking about the letters. Then I thought what if I spent a year delivering more letters from that postbox? I realized I could keep my remote job, and at the same time travel the world delivering post, using air miles and working along the way. By March 2024, I returned to Galápagos. I picked out 55 letters and postcards that covered a large geographic area. aimed to deliver one a week, covering at least 52 countries and spanning all seven continents. I’m 52 and very outgoing, but I’m aware that nowadays people are cautious of speaking to one another. Delivery letter number 50, in Bergen, Norway, I almost got arrested. The lady who answered the door didn’t believe my story and mistook my selfie stick for a weapon, so she called the police. I had to show the officers my GPS location history to prove what I was doing, and we all ended up laughing together. My favorite delivery was letter eight, in Mexico City, from a daughter to her mother, thanking her for letting her follow her dreams. The mother had been very ill, and her daughter wanted to come home from her travels to look after her, but she insisted her daughter should continue with her trip. I’m still in touch with both of them. When I finished my challenge in March this year, I held a party in London and invited everyone I’d met along the way. People came from all over the world. I was so touched and humbled. I’ve made friends for life. 24. How was mail delivered at Post Office Bay in the 18th century? A. By regular local messengers. B. By sailors stationed on the islands. C. By private postal service on the islands. D. By hand-delivery to the next destination. 25. The author decided to return to Galapagos because she ________. A. was assigned to handle some remote work B. was concerned about the delivery of the letters C. intended to use her air miles before the deadline D. wanted to check the letters in the deserted barrel 26. Which words can best describe the author according to the passage? A. Positive and curious. B. Determined and caring. C. Passionate but serious. D. Brave but introverted. C For decades, scientists hypothesized that cognitively demanding tasks, such as writing or solving math problems, require more energy than easier tasks like scrolling short videos on the phone or looking out of the window. However, recent research proves the view wrong. Our brains perform massively complex and metabolically costly computations all day long. “Whether you’re engaged in a cognitively demanding task at work, or you’re staring off into space, your brain is using roughly the same amount of energy,” says neuroscientist Todd Braver of Washington University in St. Louis. In fact, what feels more challenging is when a task requires the brain to go against its usual habits. Cognitively demanding work often requires the coordination (协作) of many different brain regions in novel patterns, while silencing circuits that frequently fire together. Studies have found that pushing against our brain’s habits triggers an emotional response, making us feel uncomfortable. “It’s aversive (反感的), and it just feels bad,” says Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist from the University of Toronto. But he points out that emotional responses are subjective: They are interpretations of sensations in our bodies and brains. And we can influence how much we pay attention to these sensations and even how we interpret them. We often overestimate the struggle and pain required to complete cognitive tasks. This initial overestimation can lead us to procrastinate (拖延), or even avoid the task altogether. Studies suggest that if we can get past that initial hurdle of starting a task, then thinking becomes easier. One way to do that is to pay attention to the benefits instead of the efforts required. In a study published in the journal Science in 2020, Andrew Westbrook, a neuroscientist at Rutgers University, and his colleagues gave participants the choice of solving an easy memory puzzle for a small amount of money or a much harder puzzle for more money. The options were displayed on a screen, and participants’ eye movements were tracked as they decided which puzzle to attempt. When people spent more time looking at the reward for the challenging puzzle, they were more likely to choose it If our mind’s eye, or our attentional focus, is on the benefits of an option, over time we’re more likely to choose to do hard things. Performing complex mental tasks will also be less painful if the exertion of mental effort is habitized. When we don’t have to make a decision to focus every day, we will save ourselves considering the costs or consequences. To make cognitively demanding tasks a habit, try to do them every day at the same time and in the same place. Add a ritual before the work starts, such as turning off the phone and launching an app to block distracting websites. After a few weeks, concentrating deeply won’t just feel easier; it will actually be easier. 27. People may feel certain cognitive task demanding because of ________. A. more brain energy consumption B. the complexity of computations C. the higher level of difficulty D. new coordination of brain parts 28. The author quotes the 2020 study mainly to ________. A. support a solution B. present a case C. analyse the causes D. challenge an assumption 29. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Overestimation promotes efficiency. B. Personal perception determines motivation. C. Focusing on rewards enhances performance. D. Brain counteraction triggers positive emotions. 30. Which of the following can make mental work feel easier? A. Receiving continuous support when feeling down. B. Seeking professional help when meeting a deadline. C. Reading thick literary classics for twenty minutes daily. D. Breaking down a challenging project into smaller tasks. D The age of artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty of anxieties. Almost all of the conversations about risk have to do with the potential consequences of AI systems pursuing goals that depart from what they were programmed to do and that are not in the interests of humans. But this is only one side of the danger. Imagine what could unfold if AI does do what humans want. “What humans want,” of course, isn’t a monolith. Different people have countless ideas of what constitutes “the greater good.” Even if we could get everyone to focus on the well-being of the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able to agree on what that might look like. That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its manipulation by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s “bad” is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular corporation — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases (偏见). The potential problem goes beyond humans harming other humans. What’s “good” for humanity has, many times throughout history, come at the expense of other sentient (有知觉力的) beings. Such is the situation today. In the US alone, we have billions of animals kept in confinement, subjected to cruel treatment, and denial of their basic psychological and physiological needs at any given time. Entire species are dominated and systemically butchered so that we can have omelets, burgers and shoes. If AI does exactly what “we” want it to, that would likely mean enacting this mass cruelty more efficiently, at an even greater scale and with more automation and fewer opportunities for sympathetic humans to step in and flag anything particularly horrifying. A better goal than aligning AI with humanity’s immediate interests would be what I would call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in accordance with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals and, should it exist, sentient AI. This will strike some as aggressive, because what’s good for all sentient life might not always agree with what’s good for humankind. It might sometimes, even often, be in opposition to what humans want or what would be best for the greatest number of us. Peter Singer, a philosopher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate goals and priorities are more important than it being aligned with humans. “The question is really whether this superintelligent AI is going to be benevolent and want to produce a better world,” Singer said, “and even if we don’t control it, it still will produce a better world in which our interests will get taken into account.” I’m with Singer on this. Decentering humankind to any extent, and especially to this extreme, is an idea that will challenge people. But that’s necessary if we’re to prevent our current belief from spreading in new and awful ways. 31. The author mentions the organization founded by DeepMind to ________. A. question a solution B. clarify a belief C. illustrate an example D. explain a practice 32. Which of the following can best present the idea of “sentient alignment”? A. AI extends the same rights to living beings. B. AI promotes the interaction among species. C. AI benefits from the development of humans. D. AI meets the demands of perceptive creatures. 33. What does the underlined word “benevolent” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Ambitious. B. Generous. C. Resourceful. D. Competitive. 34. The author’s major concern in developing AI is that ________. A. AI poses a threat to the world B. society’s morals are in decline C. humans prioritize their own needs D. sentient beings deepen cultural biases 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people think a good learner must keep steady focus. Yet new studies show the opposite. When the mind gently drifts, it can still absorb facts. More importantly, it can connect them in fresh ways. This process, called inferential learning, lets us go beyond the given facts and reach new conclusions. 35 Mind-drifting gives the brain extra time. Suppose a student hears that plants bend toward light. 36 Neurons repeat the pattern without effort. This hidden rehearsal strengthens memory traces and keeps the door open for later links. Drifting invites remote associations. During a break, the same student may recall her kitchen window, where the basil (罗勒) plant leans each morning. Two scenes — classroom and kitchen — meet in her mind. From this mix she may infer that light direction, not just sunlight itself, guides plant growth. 37 However, focused study rarely allows such loose pairing of places and times. A wandering mind tests rules in private. While the teacher moves to the next topic, the student’s thoughts may run a quick test: “If the light comes from below, will the stem still bend up?” 38 These quiet experiments sharpen understanding and prepare the learner for real tests later. 39 They forget that controlled wandering is not the same as chaos. Learners can set soft borders: after twenty minutes of hard work, they allow five minutes of gentle drift. In this window, the mind roams but stays near the topic. The result is deeper insight without lost time. A. Critics may say distraction wastes time. B. Mind-wandering breaks cognitive barriers. C. No lab is needed; the brain runs a silent model. D. This random access generates innovative ideas. E. The step is small, but it is new knowledge built on her own. F. A wandering mind, it turns out, is a quiet helper in this work. G. While her eyes look out of the window, her brain keeps the idea alive 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Growing up, I idealised independence. I always wanted my own efforts to be enough. When I decided to pursue a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel research programme and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically optimistic about what I could achieve. As I began designing experiments, my committee members warned me about the challenges I would face. But my need for independence drove me to push forward with my research plan. As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures. During my second year, I failed my comprehensive exam because my proposal was unclear. During my third year, I discovered that after treating thousands of seeds, I obtained just one plant I could use for experiments. By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. My adviser and I devised (想出) a somewhat unusual solution: I would spend three months in a collaborating (合作的) lab to obtain specialised training. I worked extensively with other students, constantly asked questions, and helped with ongoing projects to learn everything I could. Finally, I conducted an elegant experiment that would not have been possible without the help of the members in the lab. My adviser saw this experience as a groundbreaking success, emphasising the collaborating skills I acquired. A few months later, when I repeated the experiment in my home lab, I produced more publishable data. By learning when to ask for help, I eventually found myself on the way to becoming an independent scientist. 40. In the beginning, what drove the author to push forward with the research plan? 41. What was the solution by the adviser and the author after those repeated failures? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. 43. From this story, what can you learn about “independence”? (In about 40 words) 第二节（20分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在浏览你学校网站时，看到你参加学校“书香校园”建设方案比赛并获奖的消息，来信询问，请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．你的方案； 2．你的感受。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京师大附中2026-2027学年（上）高三月考考试 英语试卷答案及评分参考 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9． C 10．A 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 11. facing 12. started 13. has collected 14. without 15. to determine 16. connection 17. spent 18. extremely 19. was challenged 20. Whose 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 35．F 36．G 37．E 38．C 39．A 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分） 第一节 阅读理解与表达。本大题共4小题，共12分。 40. The author’s need for independence. 41. The author would spend three months in a collaborating lab to obtain specialised training. 42. The adviser considered the author’s experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because publishable data had been produced. Because the author had acquired the collaborating skills. 43. 略。 第二节 作文。共20分。 略。 北京师大附中2026-2027学年（上）高三10月月考考试答案 第2页 共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $