精品解析：北京市育才学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

北京市育才学校2025—2026学年度第一学期12月月考试卷 高三英语 2025.12 第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分) 第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yesterday, my brother, Max, and I were playing around, hitting each other with pillows, when one slipped and ___1___ the glass dome; shattering it into pieces! Hearing the crash and the sound of glass hitting the floor, my mom came flying into the room to find out what had happened. I was sure she was going to start yelling at us. ____2____, she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry. This made Max and me feel pretty ____3____. We went over and put our arms around her and she explained there was a white porcelain rose under the glass dome. Dad had____4____the rose to her on their first wedding anniversary. The porcelain rose was like their love — it would last a lifetime. Now it was broken, one petal gone. As mom began to pick up the mess, we tried everything we could to cheer her up, but even our best funny faces didn’t ____5____. The tears kept coming down her cheeks. After everything was ___6___ and mom was on her way to the bath I stopped her in the hall. I put both hands on her shoulders and told her, “All things can be broken, mom. But love is the only thing that can never be broken.” Mom ___7___ me very tightly then and finally smiled. After dinner that night, we had a family meeting. We discussed ____8____, and the importance of learning from them. Mom ___9___ the petal back onto the rose. The tiny petal now had a thin, almost invisible line of glue. Then Mom softly said, “This tiny flaw of the rose reminds me of something more important: the realization that only _____10_____ lasts forever.” 1. A. kicked B. broke C. raised D. held 2. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Instead 3. A. awful B. relaxed C. annoyed D. excited 4. A. shown B. presented C. lent D. sold 5. A. react B. matter C. work D. appear 6. A. cleaned up B. used up C. washed up D. cut up 7. A. followed B. pulled C. dragged D. hugged 8. A. solutions B. ideas C. questions D. mistakes 9 A. sewed B. glued C. put D. tied 10. A. friendship B. gratitude C. love D. forgiveness 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和弟弟在玩时打碎了父亲送给母亲的结婚周年礼物白色瓷玫瑰花瓶，母亲很伤心。作者和弟弟感到很惭愧，想尽一些努力使母亲高兴起来。最终母亲修复了花瓶，并表示这个小小的瑕疵提醒了她，只有爱是永恒的。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，我弟弟麦克斯和我在玩，用枕头互相打对方，其中一个滑落了，把玻璃圆顶打碎了；把它打得粉碎！A. kicked踢；B. broke打碎；C. raised募集；D. held举着。下文“shattering it into pieces”提到把它打得粉碎。由此可知，此处应表示作者和弟弟在玩的时候，把玻璃圆顶打碎了。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她只是跪在碎片旁边哭了起来。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Instead相反的是。根据上文“I was sure she was going to start yelling at us.”以及下文“she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry”可知，上下文形成转折关系。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我和麦克斯感觉很糟糕。A. awful糟糕的；B. relaxed放松的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. excited激动的。根据上文提到的母亲跪在碎片旁边哭了起来，以及下文“We went over and put our arms around her”可知，此处应表示作者和弟弟感觉很糟糕。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们结婚一周年纪念日那天，爸爸把这朵瓷玫瑰送给了她。A. shown展示；B. presented赠送；C. lent借出；D. sold销售。根据下文“on their first wedding anniversary”以及“The porcelain rose was like their love — it would last a lifetime.”可知，此处应表示在他们结婚一周年纪念日那天，爸爸把这朵瓷玫瑰送给了她。present sth to sb“把……送给某人”。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈开始收拾残局时，我们想尽一切办法让她高兴起来，但即使是我们最滑稽的表情也不起作用。A. react反应；B. matter要紧；C. work起作用，工作；D. appear出现。上文“we tried everything we could to cheer her up”提到我们想尽一切办法让她高兴起来，结合but转折可知，此处应表示即使是我们最滑稽的表情也不起作用。故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一切都打扫干净了，妈妈正要去洗澡，我在走廊里拦住了她。A. cleaned up打扫干净；B. used up用完；C. washed up洗脸洗手；D. cut up切碎。上文“As mom began to pick up the mess”提到妈妈开始收拾残局，结合下文“mom was on her way to the bath”可知，此处应表示一切都打扫干净了，妈妈要去洗澡。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈紧紧地拥抱着我，最后笑了。A. followed跟随；B. pulled拉；C. dragged拖；D. hugged拥抱。根据上文“I put both hands on her shoulders”以及下文“and finally smiled”可知，此处应表示妈妈紧紧地拥抱着作者，最后笑了。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们讨论了错误，以及从中学习的重要性。A. solutions解决办法；B. ideas主意；C. questions问题；D. mistakes错误。根据上文提到的作者和弟弟把玻璃圆顶打碎了，以及下文“and the importance of learning from them”可知，此处应表示我们讨论了错误，以及从中学习的重要性。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把花瓣粘在玫瑰上。A. sewed缝补；B. glued用胶水粘；C. put放；D. tied系。根据下文“almost invisible line of glue”可知，此处应表示妈妈把花瓣粘在玫瑰上。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后妈妈轻轻地说：“玫瑰上的这个小瑕疵让我想起了更重要的事情：只有爱才是永恒的。”A. friendship友谊；B. gratitude感激；C. love爱；D. forgiveness原谅。根据上文提到的“But love is the only thing that can never be broken”可知，此处应表示只有爱才是永恒的。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In 2014, a man at Stirling Station ____11____ (accidental) tripped and got trapped in between a train and the platform. As the man struggled to free himself, CCTV footage captured the moment and the current passengers teamed up to push the train to one side. They pulled together and tried several times, eventually ____12____ (help) the man free his leg. The man was seen by doctors following the incident, but fortunately he did not suffer any serious ____13____ (injury). 【答案】11. accidentally 12. helping 13. injuries 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了在2014年斯特灵车站发生的一起意外事件。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：2014年，斯特灵车站的一名男子不小心绊倒，被困在火车和站台之间。空处修饰动词tripped，应用副词作状语，故填accidentally。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们齐心协力，尝试了几次，最终帮助该男子抽出了腿。help和逻辑主语They之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填helping。 【13题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：事故发生后，医生为这名男子进行了检查，但幸运的是，他没有受到严重伤害。injury是可数名词，此处不强调“任何一个”，所以injury用复数形式。故填injuries。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he ___14___ (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years ___15___ (come). Phelps suffered hyperactivity disorder as a child and ___16___ (encourage) to take up swimming at seven to control his energy. Over the years he developed into a champion swimmer, beating record after record. “I was trying to see ___17___ I could really do and where my potential could go” , said Phelps. 【答案】14. had collected 15. to come 16. was encouraged 17. what 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国游泳名将菲尔普斯的成就以及他是如何走上游泳这条道路的。 【14题详解】 考查时态。句意：到31岁的迈克尔·菲尔普斯退役时，他已经在奥运会上总共获得了23枚金牌、3枚银牌和2枚铜牌，这个纪录在未来很多年都不太可能被打破。根据时间状语“By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31”可知用过去完成时，故填had collected。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知此处表示“未来很多年”，应该用不定式作后置定语表将来，故填to come。 【16题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：菲尔普斯小时候患有多动症，为了控制自己的精力，他在7岁时被鼓励开始学习游泳。“as a child”表明陈述的是过去的事情，主语Phelps 与encourage之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填was encouraged。 【17题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：菲尔普斯说:“我只是想看看自己究竟能做些什么，看看自己的潜力能发挥到什么程度”。此处为宾语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故填what。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Chang-e 5 lunar prone explored the Moon for about a month and successfully returned to Earth____18____ four pounds of lunar rocks and soil. Chinese scientists researched them and found water in soil sample ____19____（bring）back from the Moon. It is the first time water has been discovered in/ the same form as the water we use on Earth. Also, the sample came from a part of the Moon, ____20____ the scientists did not expect to find any water at all. 【答案】18. with 19. brought 20. where 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了嫦娥五号月球探测器在月球上探测了大约一个月，并成功地带回了4磅的月球岩石和土壤。中国科学家对它们进行了研究，并在从月球带回的土壤样本中发现了水。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：嫦娥五号月球探测器在月球上探测了大约一个月，并成功地带回了4磅的月球岩石和土壤。根据句意以及空后four pounds of lunar rocks and soil为名词短语可知，此处为介词with表示“携带，伴随”，满足句意要求。故填with。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国科学家对它们进行了研究，并在从月球带回的土壤样本中发现了水。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰soil sample，soil sample和bring为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填brought。 【20题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此外，样本来自月球的一部分，科学家们根本没有想到会在那里发现任何水。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Moon在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分) 第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A With many Chicken Soup for the Soul books in development, we are always looking for new talent. So whether you are a regular contributor or new to our family, please share your stories with us. Here is the recipe for submission. Story Guidelines ·Tell a heartwarming story about something that has happened to you or someone you know. ·The story should start “in the action” and draw in the reader. Do not start your story with an introduction about what you are going to say. ·Don’t try fancy moves with tenses. Writing in the present tense about something that happened in the past rarely works. ·Keep your story within 1200 words. Tighten! Tips about submitting The only way to submit your stories is to do it on our website. A message, “Thank you! Your information has been received”, is the only confirmation of your submission. There is no email from us. If you have any problems, please write to: webmaster@chickensoupforthesoul.com. There are many topics in each of our books. If you have a story that you think fits two of the topics, you may submit it to both. Also, there is no limit to the number of stories you may submit for each book. After publication If your story is selected to be published, you will be asked to sign our standard permission release agreement. This means that you maintain ownership of your story but you give us the rights to publish it and use it again in any future book or our other products. After your story is published, you will receive ten free copies of the book your story appears in. You will be entitled to buy cases of your books at half price. You will also receive our monthly newsletter with advance notice of new books. 21. What kind of story is likely to be accepted by Chicken Soup for the Soul? A. A story with an introduction. B. A story of one’s own experience. C. A story with more than 1200 words. D. A story written in the present tense. 22. What can we learn about story submission? A. You can submit your stories by email. B. A story can just be submitted to one topic. C. You can submit many stories to the same book. D. An email will be sent for a successful submission. 23. If your story is published, you will ________. A. lose its official ownership B. obtain future books in advance C. get free cases of your books D. approve of its future publication 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。一家出版商正在寻找心灵鸡汤故事，文章也介绍了递交内容、递交方法以及出版事宜。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Story Guidelines”中的第一句“Tell a heartwarming story about something that has happened to you or someone you know. (讲述一个发生在你或你认识的人身上的感人故事。)”可知，关于自己和朋友的故事更有可能被《心灵鸡汤》接受。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Tips about submitting”中第二段最后一句“Also, there is no limit to the number of stories you may submit for each book.(此外，你可以为每本书提交的故事数量没有限制。)”可知，你可以递交许多故事给同一本书。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“After publication”中第一段 “If your story is selected to be published, you will be asked to sign our standard permission release agreement. This means that you maintain ownership of your story but you give us the rights to publish it and use it again in any future book or our other products.( 如果您的故事被选中发表，您将被要求签署我们的标准许可发布协议。这意味着你保留你的故事的所有权，但你给了我们出版它的权利，并在未来的任何书籍或我们的其他产品中再次使用它。)”可知，当你同意出版你的故事后，你也就同意了你的故事未来被出版。故选D项。 B When my mother passed away a few years ago, my father was left alone in the large house they had shared for 50 years. Without her to watch out for him, he was worried about who would find him and help if “something happened.” My sister and I live in other states, so we hit on the idea that Dad could email us every morning when he awoke. Then “the Morning Report” was born. He’s usually up by the crack of dawn, and his half a dozen or so sentences are waiting for me in my inbox when I wake up. If there’s no email, I call him, or my sister does, to make sure everything is fine. The reports have become more than an everyday check though; they’re a sort of diary, a catalyst (催化剂) for more extended conversations, and source of insight into his life. Through these emails, Dad tells us about his routines. He might be heading to the grocery store for bananas, going to his cardiac-rehab (心脏康复) exercise class, or having lunch with friends. Recently he told us, “I’ve climbed halfway up Mount Washington!” Given his age and distance from New Hampshire, such a hike was unlikely. Each email closes with “All my love, Dad.” When my mother was alive, that feeling was normally reserved for her. Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us. For me, what started as a simple security measure has spawned deeper closeness. I’m grateful my father is still able to manage his computer and the Internet. I know the day will come when he’ll no longer be able to write the reports, and we’ll have to find other ways to keep track of one another. But until then, they are our way of knowing that another normal day has begun. 24. What was the intention of “the Morning Report” at first? A. To rid the father of loneliness. B. To help the father manage his large house. C. To ensure the father’s safety. D. To increase conversations among family members. 25. What can we infer about the father’s life now? A. Though he is busy, he still feels lonely. B. He has totally forgotten his wife. C. He goes hiking with his friends on a regular basis. D. He leads a colorful life. 26. Which of the following best explains “spawned” underlined in paragraph 5? A. Brought about. B. Held back. C. Given in. D. Taken away. 27. What effect do the morning emails have on the family? A. They are fed up with writing emails every day. B. Their family bonds have been strengthened. C. They are still shy to express love to each other. D. The family have decided to live together. 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。母亲去世后父亲独居，作者和姐姐让他每日发晨间邮件报平安，这份邮件后来成了他的生活分享，传递爱意，既保障其安全，也加深了他们的亲情联结。 24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When my mother passed away a few years ago, my father was left alone in the large house they had shared for 50 years. Without her to watch out for him, he was worried about who would find him and help if “something happened.”(几年前，我的母亲去世了，而我父亲独自一人留在他们共同居住了50年的大房子里。没有母亲在身边照顾他，他很担心如果“出了什么事”，谁会来找到他并提供帮助呢)”以及第二段“My sister and I live in other states, so we hit on the idea that Dad could email us every morning when he awoke. Then “the Morning Report” was born.(我的姐姐和我分别住在不同的州，于是我们想到了一个主意：爸爸每天早上醒来后可以给我们发电子邮件。就这样，“早间报告”便诞生了)”可知，“早间报告”最初的目的是确保父亲的安全。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Through these emails, Dad tells us about his routines. He might be heading to the grocery store for bananas, going to his cardiac-rehab (心脏康复) exercise class, or having lunch with friends.(通过这些邮件，爸爸向我们讲述了他的日常活动安排。他可能会去杂货店买香蕉，去参加心脏康复训练课程，或者和朋友共进午餐)”可知，父亲现在过着丰富多彩的生活。故选D。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us.(如今她已经去世，于是他便向我们倾诉了那些感受以及自己的经历)”、“For me, what started as a simple security measure has(对我而言，起初只是简单的安全措施)”以及后文“deeper closeness(更亲密的关系)”可知，晨间邮件从报平安变成分享日常、表达爱意，显然是“催生、带来”了亲密感。故划线词意思是“带来、促成”。故选A。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Each email closes with “All my love, Dad.” When my mother was alive, that feeling was normally reserved for her. Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us. For me, what started as a simple security measure has spawned deeper closeness.(每封邮件的结尾都会写着“我所有的爱，爸爸”。在我母亲在世时，这种情感通常只属于她。如今她已离世，他将这些情感以及自己的经历与我们分享。对我而言，起初只是一种简单的保障措施，却逐渐催生了更亲密的关系)”可知，早上发送的电子邮件让他们的家庭关系变得更加紧密了。故选B。 C Hibernation For people who aren’t fans of winter, animals that hibernate seem to have the right idea: It’s the equivalent of burying your head under the covers until spring comes, isn’t it? Not quite. “Most of the physiological functions are extremely slowed down,” says Marina Blanco, a postdoctoral associate at the Duke Lemur (狐猴) Center in Durham, North Carolina. For example, when lemurs hibernate, they reduce their heart rates from over 300 beats per minute to fewer than six, says Blanco. And instead of breathing about every second, they can go up to 10 minutes without taking a breath. Their brain activity “becomes undetectable.” This is very different from sleep, which is gentle resting state where unconscious functions are still performed. Put simply: “Hibernation is a means of energy conservation,” says Kelly Drew, a neuropharmacologist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks who studies the brain chemistry of hibernating Arctic ground squirrels. While hibernation is often seen as a seasonal behavior, it’s not limited to cold-weather animals. There are tropical hibernators that may do so to beat the heat. And “some species hibernate in response to food shortages,” notes Drew. For example, echidnas (针鼹) in Australia will hibernate after fires, waiting until food resources rebound to resume normal activities. To slow their metabolism (新陈代谢), animals cool their bodies by 5 to 10℃ on average. The Arctic ground squirrels Drew works on can take this much further, supercooling to subfreezing temperatures. Drew’s research has shown that cooling is likely regulated by levels of adenosine (腺苷) in the brain. Not only does adenosine increase in winter in ground squirrels, the receptors for the molecule become more sensitive to it. But species don’t stay in their cold, sleeping state for the duration of their dormant period. About 80 percent of their energy is spent intermittently (间歇地) waking and warming up. Why they do this is “one of the greatest mysteries” of the field, says Thomas Ruf, a professor of animal physiology at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna. Some think they need to turn back on their immune systems to fight disease, while others think they may simply awake so they can sleep. One bird and a variety of amphibians (两栖动物), reptiles and insects also exhibit hibernation-like states. There is even at least one fish — the Antarctic cod — that slows down its metabolism in winter, becoming 20 times less active. And, of course, there are lots of mammals. While bears might be the first that come to mind, most mammalian hibernators are on the smaller side. “The average hibernator weighs only 70 grams,” says Ruf. That’s because little bodies have high surface area to volume ratios, making it more taxing for them to stay warm in cold weather — so they need the seasonal energy savings more than larger animals. 28. How does the author distinguish between hibernation and sleep? A. By highlighting reasons. B. By presenting definitions. C. By introducing arguments. D. By comparing the data. 29. What does the introduction of “echidnas” in Paragraph 3 aim to show? A. animals cool their bodies by 5 to 10℃ on average B. tropical hibernators may hibernate to beat the heat C. some species hibernate in response to food shortage D. hibernation is most often seen as a seasonal behavior 30. What does the last paragraph mainly discuss? A. when certain animals hibernate B. why some animals hibernate C. what kinds of animals hibernate D. how animals hibernate 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬眠和睡眠的区别，冬眠原因的最新调查以及哪些动物需要冬眠。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This is very different from sleep, which is gentle resting state where unconscious functions are still performed.(这与睡眠的情况截然不同。睡眠是一种较为温和的休息状态，在此期间无意识的功能仍在运作)”以及第三段“Hibernation is a means of energy conservation(冬眠是一种节约能量的方式)”可知，作者是通过给出冬眠和睡眠的定义来区分二者的，故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“And “some species hibernate in response to food shortages,” notes Drew. For example, echidnas (针鼹) in Australia will hibernate after fires, waiting until food resources rebound to resume normal activities.(德鲁指出：“有些物种会在食物短缺的情况下进入冬眠状态。” 例如，澳大利亚的针鼹会在火灾过后进入冬眠状态，直到食物资源恢复后才会重新开始正常活动)”可知，第三段提到针鼹是为了证明一些物种因食物短缺而冬眠，故选C。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“One bird and a variety of amphibians (两栖动物), reptiles and insects also exhibit hibernation-like states. There is even at least one fish — the Antarctic cod — that slows down its metabolism in winter, becoming 20 times less active. And, of course, there are lots of mammals.(一种鸟以及各种各样的两栖动物、爬行动物和昆虫也会进入类似冬眠的状态。甚至有一种鱼——南极鳕鱼——在冬季会降低新陈代谢速度，变得只有平时的二十分之一活跃度。当然，还有很多哺乳动物)”可知，有的鸟、鱼、各种两栖动物、爬行动物、昆虫以及很多哺乳动物都会进入冬眠状态，因此本段主要讲的是哪些动物需要冬眠，故选C。 D Collaboration at work is generally seen as a good thing. The latest survey by the Financial Times of what employers want from MBA graduates found that the ability to work in a team, to work with a wide variety of people and to build, maintain and expand a network of people were three of the top five skills that managers wanted. But managers always have to balance the merits of teamwork, which help ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal, with the dangers of “groupthink”, when some don’t point out the faults of a plan to fit in with others. When people are aware of the views of others, there is a tendency for them to follow, as participants are reluctant to look foolish by deviating from the majority view. The same effect may lead to stock-market bubbles. Modern communication methods mean that collaboration is more frequent. Workers are constantly in touch with each other via e-mail, messaging groups or mobile calls. But does that improve or worsen performance? A new study by Ethan Bernstein, Jesse Shore and David Lazer, three American academics, tried to answer this question. They set a logical problem (devising the shortest route for a travelling salesman visiting various cities). Three groups were involved: one where subjects acted independently; another where they saw the solutions posted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept informed of each other’s views only intermittently (间歇地). The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the best solution more often than the constant collaborators, but had a poorer average result. The intermittent collaborators found the right result as often as the individualists, and got a better average solution. When it comes to idea generation, giving people a bit of space to find a solution seems to be a good idea. Occasional collaboration can be a big help; most people have benefited from a colleague’s wise advice to avoid a particular course of action. Close teamwork may be vital in the lower reaches of a group, but at the top, someone has to make a decision. At this stage, intense collaboration may be less helpful. Fashion houses with co-creative directors are rated as less creative by industry experts than brands that were individually led. Co-led teams of Himalayan climbers are more likely to suffer deaths than those with single leaders. Experts think that co-leadership “creates uncertainty over who is really in charge”. The battles between Sandy Weill and John Reed when they were co-chief executives of Citigroup in the late 1990s were infamous. Less than 5% of companies in the Fortune 500 have used a co-CEO structure since 1989. In short, collaboration may be a useful tool, but it doesn’t work in every situation. 31. What does the underlined word “deviating” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Suffering. B. Differing. C. Varying. D. Ranging. 32. In the new study conducted by three American academics, ______. A. constant collaborators had the poorest average solution B. all subjects had the chances to visit a variety of cities C. individualists found the right result the most often D. occasional collaboration promoted performance 33. From the last paragraph, we can learn that ______. A. fashion houses were more likely creative with a single authority B. Himalayas climbers work together to avoid potential deaths C. Sandy Weill and John Reed were not so creative leaders D. successful companies have one Chief Executive Officer 34. What is the best title for the passage? A. What is collaboration? B. When does collaboration work? C. Why collaboration is highly valued? D. How to callborate with others in a team? 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了团队合作并不总是凑效，研究发现其只有在人们偶尔合作情况下才能奏效。 【31题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“But managers always have to balance the merits of teamwork, which help ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal, with the dangers of “groupthink”, when some don’t point out the faults of a plan to fit in with others. When people are aware of the views of others, there is a tendency for them to follow, as participants are reluctant to look foolish”可知，但是，管理者总是必须平衡团队合作的优点，这有助于确保每个人都朝着同一个目标努力，同时也有群体思维的危险，因为有些人为了与他人保持一致而没有指出计划中的不足之处，当人们了解到他人的观点时，他们就有一种追随的倾向，此处解释原因——因为他们不愿意偏离多数人的观点（与别人的观点不同）而显得愚蠢，由此可知画线词词义为“不同于”，故B项正确。 32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The intermittent collaborators found the right result as often as the individualists, and got a better average solution.”可知，这三位美国学者在研究中发现间歇性的合作者和个体主义者一样经常找到正确的结果，并得到更好的平均解决方案，也就说他们发现偶尔的合作可以提升绩效，故D项正确。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “Fashion houses with co-creative directors are rated as less creative by industry experts than brands that were individually led.”可知，行业专家认为，与单人领导的品牌相比，拥有联合创意总监的时装公司的创意更少，由此可知，单人领导（单一权威）的时装公司更具创意，故A项正确。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是团队合作并不总是凑效，研究发现其只有在人们偶尔合作情况下才能奏效，故B项（团队合作何时凑效？）适合作文章标题。故B项正确。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even when a mood boost is what we need most. We skip the birthday party. We cancel lunch. So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling lonely?____35____ Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can develop. Almost anyone can learn to increase their reward sensitivity by training themselves to notice and enjoy their positive emotions.____36____ When it comes to mental health treatment, doctors and therapists tend to focus on easing their patients’ negative symptoms — they want “to take away the bad,” explained Alicia Meuret, a professor of psychology. ____37____ Improving positive emotions can be a higher priority for patients than containing their depressive symptoms. And researches show that treatments based on this idea can be effective. To raise your reward sensitivity, you can try an exercise based on the treatment plans in these studies. Make it a daily practice for as long as it’s helpful, but commit to at least a week. Begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of accomplishment. ____38____ Be realistic — it can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, reading a few pages of a novel or Face Timing a friend. ____39____Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them, Meuret said. When reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be precise, using words like serene, elated, exhilarated, delighted, and inspired. A. Besides, you can share your positive feelings. B. Also, you can expand your joy vocabulary. C. This will make you less likely to postpone positive experiences. D. Yet most of us don’t just need to reduce pain, we also need to boost joy. E. We showed significantly improved feelings of optimism. F. That’s even true for people with depression and anxiety who struggle to experience pleasure. G. One proven strategy is to strengthen your reward sensitivity. 【答案】35. G 36. F 37. D 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何增强幸福动力。 【35题详解】 根据上文“So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling lonely?(那么，当你感到孤独的时候，你是如何找到摆脱孤独的动力的呢？)”抛出问题，提到如何找到摆脱孤独的动力。结合选项G项One proven strategy is to strengthen your reward sensitivity.（一个行之有效的策略是增强你对奖励的敏感度。）可知，为解释上文中如何摆脱孤独的动力的方法，承接上文内容，为对上文问题的回答，上下文紧密连接。故选G项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Almost anyone can learn to increase their reward sensitivity by training themselves to notice and enjoy their positive emotions.(几乎每个人都可以通过训练自己注意并享受自己的积极情绪来提高对奖励的敏感度。)”可知，提到几乎每个人都可以享受自己的积极情绪来提高对奖励的敏感度。结合选项F项That’s even true for people with depression and anxiety who struggle to experience pleasure.（这甚至适用于患有抑郁症和焦虑症的人，他们很难体验到快乐。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选F项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“When it comes to mental health treatment, doctors and therapists tend to focus on easing their patients’ negative symptoms — they want “to take away the bad,” explained Alicia Meuret, a professor of psychology.(心理学教授艾丽西亚·默雷特解释说，当涉及到心理健康治疗时，医生和治疗师倾向于把重点放在缓解病人的负面症状上——他们想要“带走不好的东西”。)”可知，讲的是医生和治疗师倾向于把重点放在缓解病人的负面症状上。以及下文“Improving positive emotions can be a higher priority for patients than containing their depressive symptoms.(对患者来说，改善积极情绪比控制抑郁症状更重要。)”提到改善积极情绪比控制抑郁症状更重要。结合选项D项Yet most of us don’t just need to reduce pain, we also need to boost joy.（然而，我们大多数人不仅需要减少痛苦，还需要增加快乐。）可知，起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选D项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Make it a daily practice for as long as it’s helpful, but commit to at least a week. Begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of accomplishment.( 只要有帮助，就每天练习，但至少要坚持一周。从每天计划一项能让你快乐或给你成就感的活动开始。)”可知，讲的是每天计划一项能让你快乐或给你成就感的活动，进行积极的体验。结合选项C项This will make you less likely to postpone positive experiences.（这将使你不太可能推迟积极的体验。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选C项。 【39题详解】 由该题位于该段句首，为总结该段内容。根据下文“Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them, Meuret said.( 我们中的许多人都很难给自己的积极情绪贴上“妙”、“好”或“伟大”之外的标签。但研究表明，寻找更多的词语来描述这些感觉可以证实和加强它们，默雷特说。)”可知，主要讲的是研究表明寻找更多的词语来描述积极情绪。结合选项B项Also, you can expand your joy vocabulary.（此外，你还可以扩展你的快乐词汇。）可知，和该段主旨意思一致，总结该段内容。故选B项。 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 With the development and expansion of the Internet, many hobbies and interests of modern people have gained a new dimension. The Internet allows enthusiasts to unite to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences. Specialized websites provide users with even more information about their subjects of interest and help discover new boundaries of their passions. This refers to movies, arts, modeling, programming, literature, and music as well. One can hardly find a person who would not be listening to music on the way to work, at home, or elsewhere. There are plenty of websites that allow music lovers to stay in touch with the news relating to their hobbies. One such website is Music.fm, a mix of a social network and an Internet radio that tracks down the music its users listen to. This website is of great benefit for music enthusiasts and besides, it has a number of advantages compared to other sources providing similar services. The availability of multiple functions also speaks in favor of Music.fm. One of its significant advantages over many other musical websites is the function of scrobbling (歌曲记录). This technology is convenient and definitely helpful for music lovers. With its aid, Music.fm searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. These people are called neighbors and the idea is that they can get acquainted (熟悉) with the fans of their favorite kind of music and, most likely, make new friends. The information about upcoming events nearby, as well as recommendations given about new music that a user might like are also gathered and introduced by the means of scrobbling. Music.fm allows users to listen to music for free. However, there is a serious drawback connected to it: It is available only to citizens of the USA, Germany, and Great Britain. At the same time, if you want to use Music.fm for communication, you might find that traditional social networks are more suitable for this purpose. 40. What can Internet help its enthusiasts to do according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How does Music.fm help people make friends with the fans of their favorite kind of music? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Music.fm is popular among its lovers because it is not only free but also more suitable for communication. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Please briefly present the benefits that a modern technology tool brings to you. (about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It offers them opportunities to come together to exchange their ideas, interests and experiences. 41. It searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. 42. Music.fm is popular among its lovers because it is not only free but also more suitable for communication. According to the passage, it is the traditional social networks rather than Music.fm that are more suitable for communication. 43. First, WeChat is easy to use. You can log in to it with your phone number and start a conversation by tapping the speak button. In addition, WeChat is a wonderful platform for people to share an ample amount of information. It even supports sending photos and videos. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了Music.fm这个网站对人们收听音乐带来的革命性的改变，同时也提到了它和传统社交平台相比，该网站还存在的一些缺陷。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“The Internet allows enthusiasts to unite to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences.(互联网使狂热者们联合起来分享他们对趋势的兴奋，交流和分享经验)”可知，互联网使狂热者们团结起来，分享他们对趋势的兴奋，交流和分享经验。故答案为It offers them opportunities to come together to exchange their ideas, interests and experiences. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“With its aid, Music.fm searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. These people are called neighbors and the idea is that they can get acquainted (熟悉) with the fans of their favorite kind of music and, most likely, make new friends.(借助它的帮助，Music.fm搜索具有相似音乐偏好的人，并为一个人展示兴趣在某种程度上匹配的人的列表。这些人被称为邻居，想法是他们可以结识自己喜欢的音乐的粉丝，并最有可能结交新朋友)”可知，Music.fm搜索具有相似音乐偏好的人并显示这些人的列表，他们因此可能会成为朋友，故答案为It searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“At the same time, if you want to use Music.fm for communication, you might find that traditional social networks are more suitable for this purpose.(同时，如果你想使用Music.fm用于交流，你可能会发现传统的社交网络更适合这个目的)”可知，使传统社交网络更适合人际沟通，而不是Music.fm这个网站，故答案是Music.fm is popular among its lovers because it is not only free but also more suitable for communication. According to the passage, it is the traditional social networks rather than Music.fm that are more suitable for communication. 【43题详解】 考查开放题型。本题是开放题型，答案合理即可，如：首先，微信易于使用。您可以用您的电话号码登录，并通过点击说话按钮开始对话。此外，微信是人们分享大量信息的绝佳平台。它甚至支持发送照片和视频。故答案为First, WeChat is easy to use. You can log in to it with your phone number and start a conversation by tapping the speak button. In addition, WeChat is a wonderful platform for people to share an ample amount of information. It even supports sending photos and videos. 第二节 (20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的英国朋友Jim参加中国日报(China Daily)专门为外国人举办的2025“最美中国”(Amazing China)手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括： 1. 作品内容； 2. 此作品参赛理由。 注意：1. 词数不少于50； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, How’s everything going? I want to recommend that you join the 2025 Amazing China mobile photo contest held by China Daily for foreigners. Your works can focus on China’s stunning views or lovely daily life of Chinese people. You’d better send the photo of old streets with lanterns you shot when traveling here. It well presents China’s traditional culture and warm atmosphere. The photo is so impressive that it has a great chance to win. Looking forward to your good news! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写信建议你的英国朋友Jim参加中国日报专门为外国人举办的2025“最美中国”手机摄影大赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：contest→competition 集中：focus on→concentrate on 美好的：lovely→pleasant 机会：chance→opportunity 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：I want to recommend that you join the 2025 Amazing China mobile photo contest held by China Daily for foreigners. 拓展句：I want to recommend that you join the 2025 Amazing China mobile photo contest, which is held by China Daily for foreigners. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You’d better send the photo of old streets with lanterns you shot when traveling here.（运用了状语从句的省略） 【高分句型2】The photo is so impressive that it has a great chance to win.（运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市育才学校2025—2026学年度第一学期12月月考试卷 高三英语 2025.12 第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分) 第一节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yesterday, my brother, Max, and I were playing around, hitting each other with pillows, when one slipped and ___1___ the glass dome; shattering it into pieces! Hearing the crash and the sound of glass hitting the floor, my mom came flying into the room to find out what had happened. I was sure she was going to start yelling at us. ____2____, she just knelt by the pieces and began to cry. This made Max and me feel pretty ____3____. We went over and put our arms around her, and she explained there was a white porcelain rose under the glass dome. Dad had____4____the rose to her on their first wedding anniversary. The porcelain rose was like their love — it would last a lifetime. Now it was broken, one petal gone. As mom began to pick up the mess, we tried everything we could to cheer her up, but even our best funny faces didn’t ____5____. The tears kept coming down her cheeks. After everything was ___6___ and mom was on her way to the bath, I stopped her in the hall. I put both hands on her shoulders and told her, “All things can be broken, mom. But love is the only thing that can never be broken.” Mom ___7___ me very tightly then and finally smiled. After dinner that night, we had a family meeting. We discussed ____8____, and the importance of learning from them. Mom ___9___ the petal back onto the rose. The tiny petal now had a thin, almost invisible line of glue. Then Mom softly said, “This tiny flaw of the rose reminds me of something more important: the realization that only _____10_____ lasts forever.” 1. A. kicked B. broke C. raised D. held 2. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Instead 3. A. awful B. relaxed C. annoyed D. excited 4. A. shown B. presented C. lent D. sold 5. A. react B. matter C. work D. appear 6. A. cleaned up B. used up C. washed up D. cut up 7. A. followed B. pulled C. dragged D. hugged 8. A. solutions B. ideas C. questions D. mistakes 9. A. sewed B. glued C. put D. tied 10. A. friendship B. gratitude C. love D. forgiveness 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In 2014, a man at Stirling Station ____11____ (accidental) tripped and got trapped in between a train and the platform. As the man struggled to free himself, CCTV footage captured the moment and the current passengers teamed up to push the train to one side. They pulled together and tried several times, eventually ____12____ (help) the man free his leg. The man was seen by doctors following the incident, but fortunately he did not suffer any serious ____13____ (injury). B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he ___14___ (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years ___15___ (come). Phelps suffered hyperactivity disorder as a child and ___16___ (encourage) to take up swimming at seven to control his energy. Over the years he developed into a champion swimmer, beating record after record. “I was trying to see ___17___ I could really do and where my potential could go” , said Phelps. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Chang-e 5 lunar prone explored the Moon for about a month and successfully returned to Earth____18____ four pounds of lunar rocks and soil. Chinese scientists researched them and found water in soil sample ____19____（bring）back from the Moon. It is the first time water has been discovered in/ the same form as the water we use on Earth. Also, the sample came from a part of the Moon, ____20____ the scientists did not expect to find any water at all. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分) 第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A With many Chicken Soup for the Soul books in development, we are always looking for new talent. So whether you are a regular contributor or new to our family, please share your stories with us. Here is the recipe for submission. Story Guidelines ·Tell a heartwarming story about something that has happened to you or someone you know. ·The story should start “in the action” and draw in the reader. Do not start your story with an introduction about what you are going to say. ·Don’t try fancy moves with tenses. Writing in the present tense about something that happened in the past rarely works. ·Keep your story within 1200 words. Tighten! Tips about submitting The only way to submit your stories is to do it on our website. A message, “Thank you! Your information has been received”, is the only confirmation of your submission. There is no email from us. If you have any problems, please write to: webmaster@chickensoupforthesoul.com. There are many topics in each of our books. If you have a story that you think fits two of the topics, you may submit it to both. Also, there is no limit to the number of stories you may submit for each book. After publication If your story is selected to be published, you will be asked to sign our standard permission release agreement. This means that you maintain ownership of your story but you give us the rights to publish it and use it again in any future book or our other products. After your story is published, you will receive ten free copies of the book your story appears in. You will be entitled to buy cases of your books at half price. You will also receive our monthly newsletter with advance notice of new books. 21. What kind of story is likely to be accepted by Chicken Soup for the Soul? A. A story with an introduction. B. A story of one’s own experience. C. A story with more than 1200 words. D. A story written in the present tense. 22. What can we learn about story submission? A. You can submit your stories by email. B. A story can just be submitted to one topic. C. You can submit many stories to the same book. D. An email will be sent for a successful submission. 23. If your story is published, you will ________. A. lose its official ownership B. obtain future books in advance C. get free cases of your books D. approve of its future publication B When my mother passed away a few years ago, my father was left alone in the large house they had shared for 50 years. Without her to watch out for him, he was worried about who would find him and help if “something happened.” My sister and I live in other states, so we hit on the idea that Dad could email us every morning when he awoke. Then “the Morning Report” was born. He’s usually up by the crack of dawn, and his half a dozen or so sentences are waiting for me in my inbox when I wake up. If there’s no email, I call him, or my sister does, to make sure everything is fine. The reports have become more than an everyday check though; they’re a sort of diary, a catalyst (催化剂) for more extended conversations, and source of insight into his life. Through these emails, Dad tells us about his routines. He might be heading to the grocery store for bananas, going to his cardiac-rehab (心脏康复) exercise class, or having lunch with friends. Recently he told us, “I’ve climbed halfway up Mount Washington!” Given his age and distance from New Hampshire, such a hike was unlikely. Each email closes with “All my love, Dad.” When my mother was alive, that feeling was normally reserved for her. Now that she is gone, he shares those feelings and his experiences with us. For me, what started as a simple security measure has spawned deeper closeness. I’m grateful my father is still able to manage his computer and the Internet. I know the day will come when he’ll no longer be able to write the reports, and we’ll have to find other ways to keep track of one another. But until then, they are our way of knowing that another normal day has begun. 24. What was the intention of “the Morning Report” at first? A. To rid the father of loneliness. B. To help the father manage his large house. C. To ensure the father’s safety. D. To increase conversations among family members. 25. What can we infer about the father’s life now? A. Though he is busy he still feels lonely. B. He has totally forgotten his wife. C. He goes hiking with his friends on a regular basis. D. He leads a colorful life. 26. Which of the following best explains “spawned” underlined in paragraph 5? A. Brought about. B. Held back. C. Given in. D. Taken away. 27. What effect do the morning emails have on the family? A. They are fed up with writing emails every day. B. Their family bonds have been strengthened. C. They are still shy to express love to each other. D. The family have decided to live together. C Hibernation For people who aren’t fans of winter, animals that hibernate seem to have the right idea: It’s the equivalent of burying your head under the covers until spring comes, isn’t it? Not quite. “Most of the physiological functions are extremely slowed down,” says Marina Blanco, a postdoctoral associate at the Duke Lemur (狐猴) Center in Durham, North Carolina. For example, when lemurs hibernate, they reduce their heart rates from over 300 beats per minute to fewer than six, says Blanco. And instead of breathing about every second, they can go up to 10 minutes without taking a breath. Their brain activity “becomes undetectable.” This is very different from sleep, which is gentle resting state where unconscious functions are still performed. Put simply: “Hibernation is a means of energy conservation,” says Kelly Drew, a neuropharmacologist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks who studies the brain chemistry of hibernating Arctic ground squirrels. While hibernation is often seen as a seasonal behavior, it’s not limited to cold-weather animals. There are tropical hibernators that may do so to beat the heat. And “some species hibernate in response to food shortages,” notes Drew. For example, echidnas (针鼹) in Australia will hibernate after fires, waiting until food resources rebound to resume normal activities. To slow their metabolism (新陈代谢), animals cool their bodies by 5 to 10℃ on average. The Arctic ground squirrels Drew works on can take this much further, supercooling to subfreezing temperatures. Drew’s research has shown that cooling is likely regulated by levels of adenosine (腺苷) in the brain. Not only does adenosine increase in winter in ground squirrels, the receptors for the molecule become more sensitive to it. But species don’t stay in their cold, sleeping state for the duration of their dormant period. About 80 percent of their energy is spent intermittently (间歇地) waking and warming up. Why they do this is “one of the greatest mysteries” of the field, says Thomas Ruf, a professor of animal physiology at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna. Some think they need to turn back on their immune systems to fight disease, while others think they may simply awake so they can sleep. One bird and a variety of amphibians (两栖动物), reptiles and insects also exhibit hibernation-like states. There is even at least one fish — the Antarctic cod — that slows down its metabolism in winter, becoming 20 times less active. And, of course, there are lots of mammals. While bears might be the first that come to mind, most mammalian hibernators are on the smaller side. “The average hibernator weighs only 70 grams,” says Ruf. That’s because little bodies have high surface area to volume ratios, making it more taxing for them to stay warm in cold weather — so they need the seasonal energy savings more than larger animals. 28. How does the author distinguish between hibernation and sleep? A. By highlighting reasons. B. By presenting definitions. C By introducing arguments. D. By comparing the data. 29. What does the introduction of “echidnas” in Paragraph 3 aim to show? A. animals cool their bodies by 5 to 10℃ on average B. tropical hibernators may hibernate to beat the heat C. some species hibernate in response to food shortage D. hibernation is most often seen as a seasonal behavior 30. What does the last paragraph mainly discuss? A. when certain animals hibernate B. why some animals hibernate C. what kinds of animals hibernate D. how animals hibernate D Collaboration at work is generally seen as a good thing. The latest survey by the Financial Times of what employers want from MBA graduates found that the ability to work in a team, to work with a wide variety of people and to build, maintain and expand a network of people were three of the top five skills that managers wanted. But managers always have to balance the merits of teamwork, which help ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal, with the dangers of “groupthink”, when some don’t point out the faults of a plan to fit in with others. When people are aware of the views of others, there is a tendency for them to follow, as participants are reluctant to look foolish by deviating from the majority view. The same effect may lead to stock-market bubbles. Modern communication methods mean that collaboration is more frequent. Workers are constantly in touch with each other via e-mail, messaging groups or mobile calls. But does that improve or worsen performance? A new study by Ethan Bernstein, Jesse Shore and David Lazer, three American academics, tried to answer this question. They set a logical problem (devising the shortest route for a travelling salesman visiting various cities). Three groups were involved: one where subjects acted independently; another where they saw the solutions posted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept informed of each other’s views only intermittently (间歇地). The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the best solution more often than the constant collaborators, but had a poorer average result. The intermittent collaborators found the right result as often as the individualists, and got a better average solution. When it comes to idea generation giving people a bit of space to find a solution seems to be a good idea. Occasional collaboration can be a big help; most people have benefited from a colleague’s wise advice to avoid a particular course of action. Close teamwork may be vital in the lower reaches of a group, but at the top, someone has to make a decision. At this stage, intense collaboration may be less helpful. Fashion houses with co-creative directors are rated as less creative by industry experts than brands that were individually led. Co-led teams of Himalayan climbers are more likely to suffer deaths than those with single leaders. Experts think that co-leadership “creates uncertainty over who is really in charge”. The battles between Sandy Weill and John Reed when they were co-chief executives of Citigroup in the late 1990s were infamous. Less than 5% of companies in the Fortune 500 have used a co-CEO structure since 1989. In short, collaboration may be a useful tool, but it doesn’t work in every situation. 31. What does the underlined word “deviating” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Suffering. B. Differing. C. Varying. D. Ranging. 32. In the new study conducted by three American academics, ______. A. constant collaborators had the poorest average solution B. all subjects had the chances to visit a variety of cities C. individualists found the right result the most often D. occasional collaboration promoted performance 33. From the last paragraph, we can learn that ______. A. fashion houses were more likely creative with a single authority B. Himalayas climbers work together to avoid potential deaths C. Sandy Weill and John Reed were not so creative leaders D. successful companies have one Chief Executive Officer 34. What is the best title for the passage? A. What is collaboration? B. When does collaboration work? C. Why collaboration is highly valued? D. How to callborate with others in a team? 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even when a mood boost is what we need most. We skip the birthday party. We cancel lunch. So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling lonely?____35____ Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can develop. Almost anyone can learn to increase their reward sensitivity by training themselves to notice and enjoy their positive emotions.____36____ When it comes to mental health treatment doctors and therapists tend to focus on easing their patients’ negative symptoms — they want “to take away the bad,” explained Alicia Meuret, a professor of psychology. ____37____ Improving positive emotions can be a higher priority for patients than containing their depressive symptoms. And researches show that treatments based on this idea can be effective. To raise your reward sensitivity, you can try an exercise based on the treatment plans in these studies. Make it a daily practice for as long as it’s helpful, but commit to at least a week. Begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of accomplishment. ____38____ Be realistic — it can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, reading a few pages of a novel or Face Timing a friend. ____39____Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them, Meuret said. When reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be precise, using words like serene, elated, exhilarated, delighted, and inspired. A. Besides, you can share your positive feelings. B. Also, you can expand your joy vocabulary. C. This will make you less likely to postpone positive experiences. D. Yet most of us don’t just need to reduce pain, we also need to boost joy. E We showed significantly improved feelings of optimism. F. That’s even true for people with depression and anxiety who struggle to experience pleasure. G. One proven strategy is to strengthen your reward sensitivity. 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 With the development and expansion of the Internet, many hobbies and interests of modern people have gained a new dimension. The Internet allows enthusiasts to unite to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences. Specialized websites provide users with even more information about their subjects of interest and help discover new boundaries of their passions. This refers to movies, arts, modeling, programming, literature, and music as well. One can hardly find a person who would not be listening to music on the way to work, at home, or elsewhere. There are plenty of websites that allow music lovers to stay in touch with the news relating to their hobbies. One such website is Music.fm, a mix of a social network and an Internet radio that tracks down the music its users listen to. This website is of great benefit for music enthusiasts and besides, it has a number of advantages compared to other sources providing similar services. The availability of multiple functions also speaks in favor of Music.fm. One of its significant advantages over many other musical websites is the function of scrobbling (歌曲记录). This technology is convenient and definitely helpful for music lovers. With its aid, Music.fm searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. These people are called neighbors and the idea is that they can get acquainted (熟悉) with the fans of their favorite kind of music and, most likely, make new friends. The information about upcoming events nearby, as well as recommendations given about new music that a user might like are also gathered and introduced by the means of scrobbling. Music.fm allows users to listen to music for free. However, there is a serious drawback connected to it: It is available only to citizens of the USA, Germany, and Great Britain. At the same time, if you want to use Music.fm for communication, you might find that traditional social networks are more suitable for this purpose. 40. What can Internet help its enthusiasts to do according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How does Music.fm help people make friends with the fans of their favorite kind of music? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Music.fm is popular among its lovers because it is not only free but also more suitable for communication. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Please briefly present the benefits that a modern technology tool brings to you. (about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的英国朋友Jim参加中国日报(China Daily)专门为外国人举办的2025“最美中国”(Amazing China)手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括： 1. 作品内容； 2. 此作品参赛理由。 注意：1. 词数不少于50； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $