专题4.2 名词性从句（高考回眸 + 命题解密 + 误区警示 + 实战通关）课件 2027届高考英语一轮复习【语法攻坚突破·讲练闭环升级】

专题4.2 名词性从句 2027届高考英语一轮复习 【语法攻坚突破•讲练闭环升级】 目录 contents 1. 回眸2021-2026年高考真题 2. 命题解密 3. 书面表达中名词性从句误区警示 4. 实战通关 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(名词性从句专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 考向1　宾语从句中的连接词 考向2　表语从句中的连接词 考向3　主语从句和同位语从句中的连接词 名词性从句中的连接词 主语从句的核心考点 宾语从句的核心考点 表语从句的核心考点 同位语从句的核心考点 考向1　宾语从句中的连接词 单句语法填空 1.重温高考真题 1. (2024年全国高考英语甲卷)On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ______ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 what 2. (2022·新课标全国卷II) “He saved my son’s life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know _____ to thank him.” 【解析】考查连接词。根据句子结构可知，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do结构做宾语，相当于一个宾语从句，表示“我不知道如何感谢他”，故填how。 how 3. (2022·浙江卷1月) Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak __________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：为了她的政党，科布开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者是否可以远程发言; 大约四分之三的时间，他们同意了。显然speak后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether / if“是否”符合语境。故填whether/if。 whether/if 4. (2020·浙江卷6月) Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _____ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：几千年来，他们开始越来越少地依赖从野外猎取或采集到的东西，而越来越多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。此空用作介词on后的宾语从句，引导词同时在从句中充当主语。故填what。 what 5.（2026·浙江杭州·模拟预测）Poetry knows no borders. Regardless of ________ we are or what we do, the human pursuit of beauty and the spiritual world is universal. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：诗歌无国界。无论我们身在何处，从事什么工作，人类对美和精神世界的追求是相通的。regardless of 是介词短语，后面需要接宾语，这里接的是一个从句，前半部分 ___ we are 中，we are 后面缺少表语（地点），即“我们在哪里”。故填where。 where   6.（2026·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The conversation explored ______ people read, how eclectic books in one’s youth can shape a lifetime, how young graduates can find direction amid uncertainty, and whether close, careful reading still matters now that AI can produce written works. 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这场对话探讨了人们为什么阅读、年轻时读的各类杂书如何塑造人的一生、年轻毕业生如何在不确定性中找到方向，以及在AI能够生成文字作品的今天，细读精读是否仍然重要。explored是及物动词，后面需要接宾语。结合句意“人们为什么阅读”，空格处应填 why。故填why。 why   1. (2025年高考英语北京卷)The truth, though, is _________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。只有我、Nick和安静的树林。be动词is后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，且what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。 what 考向2　表语从句中的连接词 单句语法填空 2. (2024年1月浙江高考)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ______ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果大部分客户都愿意购买更大的数量，他们就会推广这种产品。但这会让那些单独的客户既破费又失望。分析句子结构可知，is 后缺引导表语从句并在从句中作宾语的连接代词，what 在此意为 the things that。 what 3. (2023·新课标全国卷II) They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ______ they need an English trainer. 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他们还需要准备好接受国际记者的英语采访。这就是为什么他们需要一个英语教练。所填词引导表语从句，说明他们需要英语教练的原因。故填why。 why 4.（26-27高三上·广东肇庆·开学考试）The question we need to think about carefully is _______ we, as senior high school students, should stop talking about our dreams and start taking practical steps to make them come true. 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我们需要认真思考的问题是：作为高中生，我们什么时候才应该停止空谈梦想，开始采取切实的行动去实现它们。根据句子结构判断，空前是系动词is，其后一定是表语从句。根据句意来看，此空用when表语从句，说明我们应该“什么时候”采取行动。故填when。 when   5.（26-27高三上·江苏扬州·9月考）One key piece of evidence is ______ blood type O likely originated before humans migrated out of Africa and was particularly common in regions where malaria was prevalent (流行的). 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：一个关键的证据是，O型血很可能起源于人类迁出非洲之前，并且在疟疾流行的地区特别常见。根据句子结构判断，主语是One key piece of evidence，谓语动词是is，其后是表语从句。从句中结构完整，可用that，且只起连接作用，不作句子成分，也没有实际意义，但一般不能省略。故填that。 that 6.（2026·山东淄博·三模）What we need to figure out before graduation is _______ we should go after we leave high school and how we can prepare ourselves for the challenges that lie ahead. 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我们在毕业前需要弄清楚的是：高中毕业后我们应该去哪里，以及我们该如何为未来的挑战做好准备。根据句子结构判断，句子主语是what的主语从句，is后是表语从句，和其后的how引导的表语从句并列。此空用where 引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，意思是“去哪里”。故填where。 where   考向3　主语从句和同位语从句中的连接词 单句语法填空 1. (2021·全国卷I) ________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历中最令人激动的莫过于那些世外桃源的场景了。根据句子结构分析可知，这里是主语从句引导词，同时在从句中做主语。故填What。 2.（26-27高三上·福建泉州·开学考试）__________ expressed through ancient poetry or captured with modern cameras, flower appreciation remains a heartfelt celebration of nature, heritage, and fond memories. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：无论是通过古诗表达，还是用现代相机记录，赏花始终是对自然、文化遗产和美好回忆的由衷赞颂。此处是固定搭配whether...or...表示“无论……还是……”，用于连接两个并列成分，表示选择关系。另外此空在句首，首字母要大写。故填Whether。 What Whether 3.（26-27高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）________ we should start preparing for the college entrance examination, widely regarded as the most important challenge in our senior year, has become a hot topic among both students and teachers. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们什么时候应该开始为高考做准备——高考被广泛认为是高三最重要的挑战——已经成为学生和老师之间的热门话题。根据句子结构来看，has become是主句谓语，前面应该是主语从句。根据句意判断，这里用when引导主语从句，表示“什么时候”。另外此空在句首，首字母要大写。故填When。 When  4.（26-27高三上·福建厦门·一模）There are no official statistics indicating how many lion-dance teams exist in the US, but it’s undeniable _______ the lion dance is everywhere in cities with a large Chinese community. 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：目前没有官方统计数据表明美国有多少支舞狮队，但不可否认的是，在华人社区庞大的城市里，舞狮随处可见。根据句子结构分析：it’s undeniable that...，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that the lion dance is ...。that 只起连接作用，在从句中不充当成分，也没有实际意义，但此时不能省略。故填that。 that  5.（26-27高三上·江苏南通·开学考试）“I had no idea ______ someone in a chair had any different clothing needs than you or I,” says the designer. 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：“我完全不知道坐在轮椅上的人在穿着需求上和你我有什么不同，”这位设计师说。空格处引导的是idea后的同位语从句，解释 idea 的具体内容，而且从句someone in a chair had any different clothing needs than you or I 结构完整，不缺主语或宾语。缺的是连接词，把后面的内容与 idea 连接起来，说明这个idea的具体内容。故填that。 that  6.（2026·福建漳州·二模）The doubt __________ the new policy will really help reduce the pressure on senior three students remains in many parents’ minds. 【解析】 考查同位语从句。句意：新政策是否真的有助于减轻高三学生的压力，这一疑问仍留在许多家长心中。The doubt是主语，whether引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。whether 在从句中意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不作成分。故填whether。 whether 考 点 精 析 框架结构图 名词性从句 连接词 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 that whether / if who whom whose what which when where why 分类 主语从句--- 位于句首或用it代替 宾语从句--- 位于及物动词或介词之后 表语从句--- 位于be 或其他系动词之后 同位语从句--- 位于某些名词后面 名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)中的连接词 名词性从句中的连接词有从属连词that / whether / if等，连接代词what / who / whom / which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever等，连接副词where / when / why / how等。 1. that的用法 (1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that，但不能省略。 It’s a pity that so many students spend hours on their phones instead of communicating face to face with their families. 遗憾的是，很多学生把大量时间花在手机上，而不是与家人面对面交流。 My idea is that we should start preparing for the exam as early as possible. 我的想法是我们应该尽早开始为考试做准备。 The police report that several witnesses have come forward with new information. 警方报告称，已有几名目击者提供了新的线索。 (2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略： ①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时。如: The teacher pointed out, as we had expected, that the exam would be much harder than before. 正如我们所预料的那样，老师指出这次考试会比以前难得多。 ②有多个that引导的从句时第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略。如: The teacher explained (that) the exam would be held next Friday and that all students should hand in their homework on time. 老师解释说考试将在下周五举行，并且所有学生都应该按时交作业。 ③介词except, but, besides, in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时。如: The reason why so many students are addicted to short videos lies in that they can get quick pleasure from them. 这么多学生沉迷于短视频的原因在于，他们能从中获得快速的快乐。 ④当when, who, what, where, why, how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。如: The scientist made it clear when the experiment would begin and that everyone should follow the safety rules. 这位科学家明确说明了实验何时开始，并说明每个人都应遵守安全规则。 ⑤当主句的状语部分位于that宾语从句之前时，正式文件中建议保留that，确保严谨性。如: The manager explained at the meeting that the new plan would be carried out soon. 经理在会上解释说，新计划很快就会实施。 ⑥当 that 宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如： She reminded me that if I missed the deadline, the application would be rejected. 她提醒我如果错过截止日期，申请将被拒绝。 ⑦当that宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如： He assured his mother that he had finished all his homework before playing games. 他向妈妈保证，他在玩游戏之前已经完成了所有作业。 ⑧当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的that不宜省略。如: He made a decision that he would give up playing computer games and focus on his studies. 他做了一个决定：他要放弃玩电脑游戏，专注于学习。 ⑨当that宾语从句前有it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如: We think it necessary that students should learn to manage their time properly. 我们认为学生学会合理安排时间是必要的。 ⑩当that宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如: The doctor explained that getting enough sleep helps teenagers stay focused in class. 医生解释说，睡眠充足有助于青少年在课堂上保持专注。 The coach believed that whether the players could stay calm under pressure decided the result of the match. 教练认为，球员能否在压力下保持冷静决定了比赛的结果。 (3)that和what的区别。 that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不担当任何句子成子，也没有任何含义(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略)；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中要充当一定的句子成分，用作主语、宾语或表语，意为“什么”或“所…的”，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词＋关系代词”，即常说的“先行词＋that / which / who”。 What makes this novel attractive is its unique perspective. 使这本小说吸引人的是它独特的视角。 She suddenly realized what her teacher had meant by those words. 她突然明白了老师那些话的意思。 What impressed me most was what he had done for the poor children in the village. 最让我印象深刻的是他为村里贫困儿童所做的事。 I believe (that) he will return to his homeland after graduation. 我相信他毕业后会回到他的祖国。 It’s a pity (that) you missed such a wonderful lecture. 真遗憾，你错过了这么精彩的一场讲座。 另外，that可引导同位语从句，但what通常不用于引导同位语从句。如: I had no idea that a simple act of kindness could mean so much to a person in trouble. 我没想到一个简单的善举对身处困境的人来说意义如此重大。 (4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语、主语或表语，与先行词有修饰关系。同位语从句中，只能用连接词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后，解释说明名词的含义或内容，如：news, fact, suggestion, truth, plan, belief, doubt, possibility, idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。 Many students have a strong desire that they can be admitted to a top university. 许多学生有一个强烈的愿望：他们能被顶尖大学录取。 The desire (which / that) most teenagers have for freedom sometimes makes them unwilling to listen to their parents. 大多数青少年对自由的渴望有时让他们不愿听从父母的话。 同位语从句 定语从句 2. whether和if的用法： (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。 The total price depends on whether there is a discount on the item. 总价取决于该商品是否有折扣。 (2)后面直接跟or not时用whether。 The way you treat your friends will determine whether or not you keep their friendship. 你对待朋友的方式将决定你能否维持友谊。 (3)主语从句(it作形式主语时可用if)、表语从句中只能用whether。 Whether you agree or not makes no difference to the final decision. 你是否同意对最终决定没有影响。 “It is whether or not you can learn from your mistake,” my mom continued. “你是否能从错误中吸取教训，”妈妈继续说道。 (4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。 The key question whether climate change can be reversed remains unanswered. 气候变化能否被逆转这一关键问题仍未得到解答。 (5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。 The law requires clarity on whether or not the company has obtained a permit. 法律要求必须明确该公司是否已获得许可。 The chart explains whether to invest now or wait for a better opportunity. 图表解释了该现在投资还是等待更好的机会。 (6)宾语从句位于句首时或者宾语从句提前时用whether不用if。 Thank you, but whether I’ll be available I’m not sure at the moment. 谢谢，但目前我还不确定我是否有空。 (7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”“无论”，而if不能。 Whether the weather is good or not, the event will take place outdoors. 不管天气好不好，活动都会在户外举行。 3.“疑问词＋-ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”的区别： (1)“疑问词＋-ever”可引导名词性从句，在从句中充当一定的成分。 Whichever candidate is elected will face enormous challenges. 无论哪位候选人当选，都将面临巨大挑战。 We will respect whatever choice you make. 我们会尊重你做出的任何选择。 The final decision-maker is whoever signs the contract. 谁签合同，谁就是最终决策者。 (2)“疑问句＋-ever”还可引导让步状语从句。 Whatever people say, she remains confident. 不管人们说什么，她依然自信。(= No matter what people say, she remains confident.) However confident you feel, always double-check your work. 不管你多有信心，都要反复检查你的工作。(= No matter how confident you feel, always double-check your work.) (3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。 No matter who started the argument, we need to stop it. 不管是谁挑起的争论，我们都需要停止它。 No matter where they travel, they always take photos. 不管他们去哪里旅行，他们总是拍照。 4. when, where和why引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别： When, where和why前面的名词若是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，则when, where和why引导的是定语从句，否则为同位语从句。 Do you remember the moment when (= at which) the lights went out? (定语从句) They returned to the village where (= in which) they had lived for years. (定语从句) Do you know the reason why (= for which) they canceled the meeting? (定语从句) There is some question when the new law will take effect. (同位语从句) The question where we should hold the conference is still under discussion. (同位语从句) The teacher gave no explanation why the exam had been canceled. (同位语从句) 主语从句的核心考点 1. 主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。 2. that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever, whoever, whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。 That much of what they recorded was far from the truth was obvious. = It was obvious that much of what they recorded was far from the truth. What the company needs is that its employees should work as a team. Whatever is found at the scene must be handed over to the police. Whoever answers the question correctly wins a small gift. Whichever decision you make after careful consideration will affect not only your own future but also that of your family. 常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种： (1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrong, important, certain, clear, obvious, strange, normal, natural等)＋that从句 It is essential that we should take immediate action to protect the environment. It is well known that even the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals. It is undeniable that climate change poses a serious threat to the whole world. (2)It＋be＋名词(短语) (a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等) ＋that从句 It’s no wonder that she got the job—she was clearly the best candidate. It’s a great honour that so many distinguished guests are here today. It’s a shame that so many young people leave their hometowns and never come back. It’s common sense that we should protect the environment for future generations. It is common knowledge that the Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said, told, heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, remembered, thought, considered, well-known, announced, requested, required, insisted等)＋that从句 It is said that tea can improve creative power of the literary artists in ancient China. 据说茶能提高古代中国文人的创造力。 It is suggested that the question should be discussed at the next meeting, when all the members will be present. 有人建议这个问题应在下次会议上讨论，那时所有成员都会到场。 It was reported that by 2020, the disease had spread to more than twenty countries. 据报道，到2020年，这种疾病已经蔓延到二十多个国家。 It is announced that there will be a talk on the international situation in the auditorium at 3 on Saturday afternoon. 据宣布，星期六下午三点将在礼堂举行一场关于国际形势的报告。 (4)It＋特殊动词(seem, appear, happen, matter)＋that从句 It appeared that the problem was much more serious than we had expected. It happened that Mathilde met with Jeanne in the park in Paris after ten years. 注意： (1)在“It is necessary / important / strange / natural...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语常用“(should＋)动词原形”。 It is necessary that everyone (should) follow the safety rules while driving. It is important that teenagers learn to distinguish reliable information from false information online. (2)在“It＋be＋suggested / advised / ordered / requested / insisted / required...＋that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should＋)动词原形”。 It is advised that travelers (should) check the weather forecast before setting out. It is suggested that you (should) read the instructions before using the machine. It is ordered that the company (should) cease operations until further notice. 宾语从句的核心考点 1．动词的宾语从句 (1)大多数动词(hope, tell, say等)可以带宾语从句。 The parents hope (that) their daughter will be happy in her new school. We never dreamed (that) our small business would grow so quickly. We never imagine (that) our achievements are great while others’ mean nothing. (2)动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后有宾语补足语时，则常用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。 The manager hasn’t made it clear who will be responsible for the project. They found it surprising that the little boy could speak three languages. (3)有些动词(短语)带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词(短语)有hate, enjoy, like, love, dislike, see to等。 I hate it when he borrows my things without asking, even if he returns them later and apologizes for it. We enjoy it that we can sit together and talk about everything and nothing, because those are the moments I treasure most. The manager will see to it that the problem is solved as soon as possible. 2. 一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。 The training focused on what employees must do in an emergency. We argued about where to hold the meeting after the hotel said it was fully booked. The project depends on whether we can secure enough funding and find the right people. 注意： (1)where引导的从句有时也用作介词的宾语。 The signal was still strong even though we were miles from where the tower was located. (2)that引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的，只有在except, in, but等介词后偶尔可能用到。 Nowadays many youngsters didn’t communicate with their parents except that they needed money. (3)sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised等表示“情感”的形容词后也可带宾语从句。 She’s no longer sure (that) her investment strategy will yield long-term profits. He’s privately glad (that) the negotiations fell through, though he’d never admit it. We’re increasingly surprised (that) the government hasn’t intervened in the crisis. 表语从句的核心考点 1. 主句的主语是idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”的形式。 His advice was that we (should) pay off our high-interest debts first and then start saving for a down payment. My manager’s suggestion was that we (should) reorganize the team to improve efficiency. The university’s requirement is that all applicants to the forum (should) submit two letters of recommendation. 2. 主语为名词reason时，表示从句中的连接词中要用that，而不用why或because。 The primary reason (why) the experiment failed is that the temperature was unstable. 3. because, as if, as though, as, like等连接词也可引导表语从句。 She has a bad cough. That is because she has been working in a dusty environment. Her expression was as if / as though she had just heard terrible news. 同位语从句的核心考点 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词的内容的从句。 1. 能接同位语从句的名词有：belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news, answer, problem, order, conclusion, suggestion, decision, explanation, information, thought等。 The problem that customers keep complaining needs to be addressed. The news that the company was closing shocked all the employees. The news that the company was closing shocked all the employees. 2. 同位语从句一般用that引导，但也可以用连接代词(what, which, who)、连接副词(when, where, why, how)或从属连词whether引导。 The question how we can reduce costs without layoffs remains unanswered. 3. 有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。 The hope, despite repeated failures, that the treatment would eventually work well kept her going. 3. 写作中名词性从句误区警示 1. 语序问题 I don’t understand why did he quit his job without telling anyone. I don’t understand why he quit his job without telling anyone. 宾语从句的语序应用陈述语序，而不是特殊疑问句的语序。 By the end of the decade, where do analysts predict will the company open new offices? By the end of the decade, where do analysts predict the company will open new offices? 在疑问句中，宾语从句的连接词应担当特殊疑问词的角色位于句首。 (误) (正) (误) (正) 3. whether和if的运用 If she accepts the job offer or not will affect her career path. Whether she accepts the job offer or not will affect her career path. whether适用于任何情况；if(作“是否”讲)仅限于动词宾语从句中，但discuss, decide等动词后的宾语从句除外。 (误) (正) 4. 连接词的使用易受汉语干扰 The reason why the project was delayed is because we encountered unexpected technical difficulties. The reason why the project was delayed is that we encountered unexpected technical difficulties. 第一句通过提取简化可得出：The reason is because...在英语中显然造成了重复现象。 (误) (正) 2. what和that的运用 Quantum physics remains that confuses most beginners to learn physics. Quantum physics remains what confuses most beginners to learn physics. 在名词性从句中，连接词that既不作任何句子成分，也没有意义，只起连接词作用；而连接代词what则不同，它既充当从句的主干成分（主、宾、表），也有其自身的意义。 另外，我们可以把what解释为：the＋名词＋that/which。 (误) (正) 4. 实战通关 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(原创) 1. ________ will become the next chairman of the Student Union will be announced at tomorrow’s meeting. 【解析】Who 考查主语从句。句意：谁将成为下一任学生会主席，将在明天的会上宣布。从句子结构和句意来看，此空应该是主语从句引导词，且指人。此空在句首，首字母应该大写。故填Who。 2. We need to understand ________ the passage is mainly about before answering the questions. 【解析】what 考查宾语从句。句意：在回答这个问题之前，人们在必要知道这个段落主要和什么有关。从句子结构和句意来看，此空应该是宾语从句引导词，且指物。这里不能用which，which一般指“(在两者中)哪一个”。what则表泛指，符合句子表达。故填what。 3. It remains astonishing ________ what was once a small idea has grown into a global movement. 【解析】that 考查主语从句。句意：令人惊讶的是，曾经只是一个微小想法的事物，如今已经发展成了一场全球性运动。It remains + adj. + that ... 是一个句型，其中it做形式主语，that引导真实的主语从句，放在句子后面，以保持句子平衡。故填that。 4. The researchers couldn’t predict ________ the new vaccine would work on all age groups of people. 【解析】when 考查宾语从句。句意：研究人员无法预测这种新疫苗什么时候才能对所有年龄段的人群都起作用。根据句子结构和句意来看，此空引导一个宾语从句，从句中结构完整，缺少表示时间的词，因此应该考虑用连接副词。故填when。 5. Nobody knows ________ the meeting will be held, because the manager hasn’t informed us yet. 【解析】where 考查宾语从句。句意：没有人知道什么时候开会，因为经理还没有通知我们。根据句子结构和句意来看，此空引导一个宾语从句，从句中结构完整，缺少表示地点的词，因此应该考虑用连接副词。故填where。 6. She asked ________ the school had decided to ban mobile phones, and the principal gave a detailed answer. 【解析】why 考查宾语从句。句意：她问，学校为什么要禁止手机，校长给出了详尽的解答。根据句子结构和句意来看，此空引导一个宾语从句，从句中结构完整，缺少表示原因的词，因此应该考虑用连接副词。故填why。 7. Nobody knows ________ the new policy will actually solve the problem or just make it worse. 【解析】whether 考查宾语从句。句意：没有人知道，这项新政策会真的解决问题还是会让情况更糟。根据句子结构和后面句子中的or来看，这里应该用whether，whether ... or ...意为“或者...或者...”。故填whether。 8. ________ result the experiment produces will be carefully recorded by the researchers. 【解析】Whatever 考查主语从句。句意：无论这个实验产生什么样的结果，研究者们都会详细记录。从句子结构和句意来看，此空应该是主语从句引导词，且指物。此空相当于anything that，在从句中既做引导词，又同时充当从句主语。故填Whatever。 9.  The company offers free repairs ________ customers find defects in the products they have bought. 【解析】whenever 考查宾语从句。句意：顾客无论在任何时候发现他们买的产品有缺陷，公司都会免费修理。从句子结构和句意来看，此空应该是宾语从句引导词，从句中结构完整，所以应该考虑用连接副词，从句意是看，应该是“无论何时”。故填whenever。 10.  You can choose ________ you want to sit in the classroom, as long as you don’t disturb others. 【解析】wherever 考查宾语从句。句意：你可以选择坐在教室里的任何地方，只要不打扰别人就行。从句子结构和句意来看，此空应该是宾语从句引导词，从句中结构完整，所以应该考虑用连接副词，从句意是看，应该是“无论何处”。故填wherever。 Ⅱ.语法填空(名词性从句专练一)原创 China’s Rare Earth Management That China has strengthened its management of rare earth resources has drawn global attention. The fact is 1 rare earths are vital to high-tech industries, and it is widely known 2 they are used in everything from smartphones to electric vehicles. 3 China introduced these measures is that the country wants to ensure sustainable development. 4 concerns the government is that over-exploitation could cause serious environmental damage. 5 ignores this problem will pay a heavy price. It is reported that illegal mining has polluted some areas badly. Some countries worry 6 their supply might be cut off. However, what China has emphasized is that its policy follows international rules. The belief 7 China will use rare earths as a weapon is simply wrong. 8 other nations can access these resources depends on fair trade, not on pressure. 9 China balances economic growth with environmental protection remains a question. What we should remember is that every country has the right to manage its own resources wisely. It is important 10 we understand this issue objectively. 1. that 2. that 3. Why 4. What 5. Whoever 6. that 7. that 8. Whether 9. How 10. that 【导语】本文是一篇关于中国稀土管理的说明文。文章指出，中国加强稀土资源管理引发全球关注，其根本原因在于稀土对高科技产业至关重要；中国出台相关措施旨在确保可持续发展，防止过度开采造成环境破坏；中国强调其政策遵循国际规则，驳斥了将稀土作为武器的说法；最后指出各国应客观理解这一问题，每个国家都有权明智地管理本国资源。 1. that 考查表语从句引导词 。句意：事实是，稀土对高科技产业至关重要。空格处引导表语从句，从句“rare earths are vital to high-tech industries”结构完整，不缺任何成分，且句意陈述一个事实，故用that引导，that只起连接作用，无实义，不可省略（在正式文体中）。 2. that 考查主语从句 / it作形式主语。句意：众所周知，从智能手机到电动汽车，稀土被广泛使用。句型“it is widely known + that从句”中，it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。从句结构完整，故用that。 3. Why 考查主语从句引导词。句意：中国出台这些措施的原因是，国家希望确保可持续发展。空格处引导主语从句，从句“China introduced these measures”结构完整，但结合表语“is that the country wants to ensure sustainable development”可知，此处表达“中国出台这些措施的原因”，故用Why引导主语从句，意为“……的原因”。 4. What 考查主语从句引导词。句意：政府所担忧的是，过度开采可能造成严重的环境破坏。空格处引导主语从句，从句“concerns the government”中缺少主语，故用What引导，What在从句中作主语，意为“所……的事情”。 5. Whoever 考查主语从句引导词 / 让步含义。句意：任何忽视这个问题的人都会付出沉重的代价。空格处引导主语从句，且在从句“ignores this problem”中作主语，表示“无论谁……”，故用Whoever，相当于Anyone who。 6. that 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：一些国家担心它们的供应可能被切断。空格处引导宾语从句，作worry的宾语。从句“their supply might be cut off”结构完整，不缺成分，故用that引导。 7. that 考查同位语从句引导词。句意：认为中国会将稀土作为武器的看法是完全错误的。空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的具体内容。从句“China will use rare earths as a weapon”结构完整，不缺成分，故用that引导。 8. Whether 考查主语从句引导词。句意：其他国家能否获得这些资源取决于公平贸易，而非压力。空格处引导主语从句，从句“other nations can access these resources”结构完整，但结合句意“是否能够获得”可知，此处表示“是否”，故用Whether。 9. How 考查主语从句引导词。句意：中国如何平衡经济增长与环境保护仍然是一个问题。空格处引导主语从句，从句“China balances economic growth with environmental protection”结构完整，但缺少方式状语，故用How引导，意为“如何”。 10. that 考查主语从句 / it作形式主语。句意：重要的是，我们要客观地理解这个问题。句型“It is important + that从句”中，it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。从句“we understand this issue objectively”结构完整，故用that。 名词性从句专练二原创 The Shadow of War: The United States, Israel, and Iran The relationship among the United States, Israel, and Iran is  1  many people call the most dangerous triangle in the Middle East. That Iran supports groups like Hezbollah is  2  Israel feels threatened.  3  worries the world most is that a small conflict could grow into a major war. 4  the next crisis will break out is unknown. Israel believes that Iran must never obtain nuclear weapons. The United States, which is Israel’s closest ally, agrees with this view. However, Iran insists  5  its nuclear program is peaceful.  6  this is true is a question that no one can answer with certainty. No one knows  7  the next conflict will start, either. 8  the three countries say in public, their actions tell a different story. What makes the situation worse is  9  they have deep historical and religious disagreements.  10  tries to solve this problem must understand that trust is almost impossible to rebuild. In my opinion, we should focus on 11 we can solve this problem through dialogue.  12  war brings only suffering is a lesson that history has taught us again and again. Whether peace can be achieved depends on  13  all sides are willing to talk instead of fight. 1. what 2. why 3. What 4. When 5. that 6. Whether 7. where 8. Whatever 9. that 10. Whoever 11. how 12. That 13. whether 【导语】本文以美国、以色列与伊朗之间的紧张关系为背景，探讨了中东局势的复杂性以及和平对话的重要性。文章借助多种名词性从句，展现了三国之间的矛盾、核问题争议以及战争与和平的抉择，适合高三学生巩固名词性从句的用法。 1. what 考查表语从句引导词。句意：美国、以色列和伊朗之间的关系就是许多人所说的中东最危险的三角关系。根据句子结构判断，is 后为表语从句。从句中动词call 缺宾语，应该用what引导，相当于the thing that。that只能作为连接词，不能在句子中充当成分。故填what。 2. why 考查表语从句引导词。句意：伊朗支持真主党等组织，这就是以色列感到受到威胁的原因。is 后为表语从句，说明“以色列感到受威胁”的原因，why在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 3. What 考查主语从句引导词。句意：最让世界担忧的是，一场小冲突可能演变成一场大规模战争。此空在句首，根据句子结构判断，应该为主语从句引导词，且从句中缺主语，只能用连接代词。不可用that，因为that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接词作用。另外，注意在句首，首字母应该大写。故用What。 4. When 考查主语从句引导词，表示时间。句意：下一次危机何时爆发尚不清楚。句首为主语从句，is unknown 前需要主语，结合"will break out"可知询问时间，故用 When。句首首字母大写。 5. that 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：然而，伊朗坚持认为其核计划是和平的。insists后为宾语从句，从句“its nuclear program is peaceful”结构完整，只起连接作用，不作成分，也无实际意义，故用 that。 6. Whether 考查主语从句引导词。句意：这是否属实是一个无人能确切回答的问题。a question 后为定语从句，no one can answer 缺宾语，先行词为物，故用 that（也可用 which）。 7. where 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：也没有人知道下一次冲突将在哪里爆发。knows 后为宾语从句，start 表示“开始、爆发”，结合语境询问地点，故用 where。where 在从句中作地点状语。 8. Whatever 考查主语从句引导词。句意：无论这三个国家在公开场合说什么，它们的行动都讲述着另一个故-事。根据句子结构判断，此空应为主语从句引导词，意为“无论什么”。句首需要引导让步状语从句，say 缺宾语，且无先行词，故用 Whatever，相当于 no matter what。句首首字母大写。 9. that 考查表语从句引导词。句意：使局势更糟的是，它们之间存在深刻的历史和宗教分歧。根据句子结构判断，is后为表语从句，其后应该是表语从句。根据句意来看，从句“they have deep historical ...”结构完整，从句中不缺成分。故用 that。 10. Whoever 考查主语从句引导词。句意：任何试图解决这个问题的人都必须明白，信任几乎不可能重建。根据句子结构判断，句首应该为主语从句，tries 缺主语，指人且无先行词，故用 Whoever，相当于 anyone who。句首首字母大写。故填Whoever。 11. how 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：在我看来，我们应该关注如何通过对话来解决这个问题。focus on后为宾语从句，根据句意来看，从句solve this problem through dialogue 缺方式状语，用 how。故填how。 12. That 考查主语从句引导词。句意：战争只会带来苦难，这是历史一次又一次教给我们的教训。此空在句首，应该为主语从句，从句中结构完整，不作成分，只起连接词作用。另外句首首字母大写。注意：that 引导主语从句时不可省略。故用 That。 13. whether 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：能否实现和平取决于各方是否愿意对话而不是战斗。根据句子结构判断，depend on后应该为宾语从句。根据句意判断，此空表示“是否”。故填 whether。 III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2024年1月浙江高考英语)The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra _________ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way __________ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ______ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the _________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes _________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, _____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ______ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. to benefit or that / which what criticism be offered have started designed the ones 【导语】本文探讨了超市购物中单人消费者面临的困境。大多数超市促销活动往往不适合独自购物的人群，因为购买大量商品可能导致携带不便或食品浪费。尽管超市为追求利润会优先推广大份量商品，但这让单人消费者不得不承担更高的开销。近年来，部分超市已开始调整策略，并推出可分装的小份量食品。文章呼吁超市推出更多适合单人消费者的“专属小份量”商品，并搭配优惠活动，以满足这一群体的需求。 56. to benefit 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，如果你正在为自己一人购物，仅仅为了享受价格折扣而多买是不明智的。根据句意及句子结构可知，空白处应用动词不定式作 buying extra 的目的状语。 57. or 考查并列连词。句意：要么你买的东西太重拿不回家，要么你还没来得及用，买的东西就不新鲜了。either … or … 为固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”。 58. that / which 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——它们给商品定价的方式，都是为了让自己赚到最多的钱。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句并在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词为 way，故应填 that / which。 59. what 考查名词性从句。句意：如果大多数顾客乐意购买更大分量，那他们就会推广这种（更大分量的商品）。分析句子结构可知，is 后缺引导表语从句并在从句中作宾语的连接代词，what 在此意为 the things that。 60. criticism 考查词性转换。句意：许多超市不再搞“买一赠一”的促销活动了，因为有人批评这类活动会导致浪费。根据空白处前的定冠词 the 和空白处后的同位语从句可知应填名词形式 criticism。 61. be offered 考查谓语动词。句意：然而，尽管买一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果它们有时能以更小包装的形式提供，那帮助就更大了。根据空白处前的 could 可知，空白处应为动词原形，主语 they 和动词 offer 之间是被动关系，故填 be offered。 62. have started 考查谓语动词。句意：在过去两年里，一些超市已经开始销售用这种包装设计的鸡肉或沙拉：包装分成两半，各自装有独立的分量。分析句子结构可知，空白处应为谓语动词，句首有时间状语 Over the last two years，而且主语是复数形式，故填现在完成时 have started。 63. designed 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空白处应用非谓语动词作 packs 的定语。packs 与 design 之间为被动关系，故应填动词-ed 形式。 64. the 考查冠词。句意：这样，当你用了其中一部分时，另一部分仍能保持新鲜。根据空白处前的 two halves 和one 可知，空白处应填表示特指的定冠词，the other 在此意为“（两个中的）另外那个”。 65. ones 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的商家还会推出一整套“专为你”的包装规格，并附上特别优惠。根据空白处前的 some of 可知，空白处应填不定代词 one的复数形式 ones，some of +复数名词 / 代词意为“……中的一些”。 Thank you $