Unit5项目式学习分层作业2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上学期

八年级2026—2027学年外研版（2024）英语上学期 Unit 5 Play by the rules? 项目式学习分层作业 一、作品基础信息 项 目 内 容 作品名称 Unit 5 Play by the rules? 项目式学习分层作业 学科·年级 英语·八年级 教材版本 外研版（2024）义务教育教科书·英语 八年级上册 单元·课题 Unit 5 Play by the rules?（遵守规则 Zūnshǒu guīzé） 主题语境 人与社会——社会规则与文明行为 语篇依托 Understanding ideas：Rules（乘火车所见的不文明行为）；Reading for writing：Are you safe online?（网络安全规则） 核心语法 动词不定式作目的状语（to do / in order to do / so as to do） 语音要点 辅音连缀 /bl/ /pl/ /kl/ /fl/ /gl/ /sl/ 作业类型 单元项目式学习分层作业 覆盖课时 Unit 5 全单元（Starting out—Presenting ideas，共6课时） 适用对象 八年级全体学生 分层结构 A 基础层（必做）·B 提升层（选做）·C 拓展层（挑战）·P 项目实践（小组合作） 预估用时 书面作业约35—45分钟；项目实践约1周（课外完成） 作业总量 A层必做4大题（32小题）；B、C层供选做；P项1个小组任务 设计者 ______________ 学校·班级 ______________ 完成时间 2026年____月____日 二、设计背景与意图 （一）教材分析 Unit 5 Play by the rules? 是外研版（2024）八年级上册的第五单元，主题属于“人与社会”范畴，聚焦“公共规则与文明行为”。本单元围绕多模态语篇展开：Understanding ideas 语篇以“火车上的一次经历”为线索，记叙作者在安静车厢内接连遇到大声放音乐、吃气味浓烈食物、踢座椅等不文明行为，并借墙上“Please be quiet”“No smelly food”等标识，传达“规则不仅贴在墙上，更存于心、需遵守”的主题；Developing ideas 部分围绕“是否有时可以打破规则”展开听说与辩论；Reading for writing 语篇 Are you safe online? 提供网络安全规则清单，并要求学生为现代生活新事物制定规则；Presenting ideas 则要求学生合作完成“班级规则展板（rule board）”的设计与展示。 语言知识方面，本单元核心词汇包括 opposite, packet, picnic, smelly, noise, reduce, seat, passenger, fool, sign, throat, responsibility, cause, belt, station, flowerpot, honesty, respect, spread, society, clear, flag, slide, case, urgent, guest, experienced, lawyer, whether, argument, netizen, citizen, click, private, password, careless, aware, stranger, cheat, enemy, cyberbullying 等；核心短语包括 in order to do sth, so as to do sth, as ... as ..., take out, in surprise, be on a picnic, ask sb to do sth, turn around, look after, take a deep breath, clear one's throat 等；核心语法为动词不定式作目的状语，涉及 to do、in order to do、so as to do 三种表达及其位置差异，并进一步认识现在分词短语作后置定语。 本单元具有鲜明的育人价值，能够引导学生认识规则对维护公共秩序、尊重他人权益的重要意义，培养文明出行、遵守公德、诚实守信的公民意识，并学会在网络生活中保护自己、安全上网。 （二）学情分析 八年级学生已有一定的语言基础，掌握一般现在时、一般过去时与情态动词的用法，具备基本的语篇阅读理解能力，对“规则”这一话题有切身的生活体验，能够辨认公共场合的不文明行为。 但本单元语篇属于“叙事＋议论”结构，感官描写与比喻修辞较丰富；语法上，学生对“动词不定式作目的状语”的三种表达及其位置差异尚不熟练；在就“规则”这一抽象话题进行观点表达、辩论与书面说明时，容易句式单一、逻辑欠连贯。 因此，本作业采用分层设计：以基础层夯实语言基础，以提升层发展语篇理解与思维，以拓展层鼓励迁移创新，以项目实践促进综合运用，让不同水平的学生都能获得成就感。 （三）设计理念与意图 1. 落实课标理念。依据《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》，以主题为引领、以语篇为依托，践行“学思结合、用创为本”的英语学习活动观，发展学生的语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。 2. 突出项目式学习。以“为班级设计规则展板（Design a rule board for our class）”为核心驱动任务，让学生在真实情境中“做中学、用中学、创中学”，实现规则话题语言的综合运用。 3. 坚持分层设计。遵循“保底、提中、拔尖”原则，作业分为基础性、提升性、拓展性三个层次并配以项目实践任务，学生自主选做，控制书面作业总量。 4. 贯彻教学评一致性。作业目标、作业内容与作业评价三者对应，评价量表前置，发挥评价的诊断、激励与导向功能，以评促学。 （四）文化小贴士 中国古人讲“没有规矩，不成方圆”（Méiyǒu guīju, bù chéng fāngyuán），强调规则、制度对个人成长与社会秩序的重要性；英语中也有 “Rules are rules.”（规矩就是规矩）之说。中西方文化在“尊重规则、尊重他人”这一价值取向上高度一致。 三、作业目标 （一）单元作业总目标 1. 语言能力：能正确认读并拼写本单元核心词汇与短语，掌握动词不定式作目的状语（to do / in order to do / so as to do）的结构与用法。 2. 语言能力：能读懂“规则”主题的语篇，获取、梳理并概括关键信息，能就规则话题进行口头和书面的表达。 3. 文化意识：理解公共规则对社会秩序与个人成长的重要意义，比较中外公共规则的异同，树立文明出行、安全上网、诚实守信的意识。 4. 思维品质：能分析语篇中人物行为的合理性，进行批判性思考；能有条理地阐述“规则的内容—意义—建议”，发展逻辑思维与问题解决能力。 5. 学习能力：能借助网络搜集资料、制定规则清单，在小组合作与展示中学会表达与反思，形成自主学习与合作学习习惯。 （二）分层作业目标 A 基础层（必做）——面向全体，夯实基础：巩固核心词汇、短语与动词不定式作目的状语的用法。 B 提升层（选做）——面向大多数，发展思维：在语篇中理解与运用语言，提取、整理并推断信息。 C 拓展层（挑战）——面向学有余力者，迁移创新：就规则话题表达观点，进行书面说明与创作。 P 项目层（实践）——面向小组，综合运用：合作完成“班级规则展板”的设计与英文展示。 四、作业内容与目标对应表 层级 题号 作业内容 对应目标 核心素养 建议用时 完成要求 A 基础层 A1 词汇拼写（10小题） 目标1 语言能力 5分钟 必做 A 基础层 A2 词形变化填空（8小题） 目标1 语言能力 5分钟 必做 A 基础层 A3 单项选择（8小题） 目标1 语言能力 5分钟 必做 A 基础层 A4 动词不定式作目的状语专练（6小题） 目标1 语言能力 5分钟 必做 B 提升层 B1 完形填空（10小题） 目标2、4 语言能力·思维品质 6分钟 选做 B 提升层 B2 阅读理解（5小题） 目标3、4 文化意识·思维品质 6分钟 选做 B 提升层 B3 任务型阅读（表格＋问答） 目标4 思维品质 5分钟 选做 B 提升层 B4 短文语法填空（8小题） 目标2 语言能力·文化意识 4分钟 选做 C 拓展层 C1 阅读回答问题 目标4 思维品质 5分钟 挑战 C 拓展层 C2 书面表达（写规则与理由） 目标3、5 文化意识·学习能力 10分钟 挑战 P 项目层 P 项目实践：班级规则展板 目标3、5 综合素养 1周 小组合作 五、作业评价 （一）评价方式 采用“自我评价＋同伴互评＋教师评价”相结合的多元评价方式，关注学习过程与学习结果。 1. 自我评价：学生对照评价量表进行反思，完成自评。 2. 同伴互评：小组内成员就项目作品与展示进行互评，提出改进建议。 3. 教师评价：教师结合作业完成质量与项目展示进行综合评价。 （二）评价量表 评价维度 评价标准 评价等级 自评 互评 师评 语言运用 能准确拼写单词、正确运用动词不定式作目的状语，英语表达基本正确。A：正确率≥90%；B：70%—89%；C：＜70%。 A / B / C 文化意识 能理解规则对公共秩序与个人成长的意义，表达文明出行、遵守公德、安全上网的意识。 A / B / C 思维品质 能准确获取、分析、推断语篇信息，观点表达有理有据、逻辑清晰。 A / B / C 学习能力 能主动查阅资料，积极参与合作，认真完成自评与互评。 A / B / C 项目作品 主题明确、规则具体、理由充分、图文并茂，英文展示自信、流畅。 A / B / C （三）评分办法 本作业以“等级＋评语”呈现评价结果，不排名、不计入总分。为便于数据统计，可按下列公式折算综合得分（满分以100分计）： 其中 Z 为综合得分；A、B、C、P 分别表示基础性作业、提升性作业、拓展性作业与项目实践的得分率（取百分数）。若学生未选做提升层或拓展层作业，则相应权重的得分按基础层得分率折算。 基础性作业的达标率可按下列公式计算： 其中 P 为达标率；n 为达到合格标准的学生人数；N 为参加作业的全体学生人数。 （四）评价说明 1. 基础性作业为全体必做，重在保底；提升性作业与拓展性作业由学生根据自身情况选做，鼓励“跳一跳，摘桃子”。 2. 项目实践以小组合作形式完成，评价兼顾过程与结果，鼓励创新与个性化表达。 3. 教师可根据评价结果调整教学，实现以评促教、以评促学。 六、试题详情 说明：A、B、C 三层作业供学生按需选择完成，P 项为本单元项目式学习核心任务。请同学们认真书写，规范使用英文标点。 Part A 基础性作业（必做，面向全体） A1. 根据句意及汉语提示，写出正确的单词，使句子完整、通顺。（每小题1分，共10分） 1. There were several ______________（小包，小袋）of food on the seat. 2. We had a ______________（野餐）by the lake last Sunday. 3. The cheese is so ______________（有臭味的）that I can’t stand it. 4. Please don’t make any ______________（噪声）in the library. 5. We should ______________（减少）the use of plastic bags. 6. Excuse me, is this ______________（座位）taken? 7. The ______________（乘客）on the train were all very polite. 8. The ______________（指示牌）on the wall says “No photos”. 9. We must take ______________（责任）for our own behaviour. 10. She is a girl of ______________（诚实）and everyone trusts her. A2. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。（每小题1分，共8分） 1. The children were very ______________ (noise) on the bus. 2. It was ______________ (care) of you to leave your password on the desk. 3. We were all surprised at the ______________ (honest) of the little boy. 4. Please take a deep ______________ (breathe) before you speak. 5. The man next to me took out several ______________ (packet) of food. 6. How many ______________ (passenger) are there on the train? 7. The food was really ______________ (smell), so I covered my nose. 8. We should ______________ (respect) the rules of the society. A3. 单项选择，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。（每小题1分，共8分） ( ) 1. — Why did you go to the library? — ______ some books about travel rules. A. Borrow B. To borrow C. Borrowing D. Borrowed ( ) 2. He covered his nose ______ the bad smell. A. reduce B. to reduce C. reducing D. reduced ( ) 3. The girl turned around ______ the faces of other passengers. A. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw ( ) 4. It was like ______ next to a mountain of blue cheese. A. sit B. sitting C. to sit D. sat ( ) 5. The sign on the wall ______ “Please be quiet”. A. reads B. read C. is reading D. has read ( ) 6. Everyone knows the rules. They aren’t just on the wall ______ in our minds. A. and B. or C. but D. so ( ) 7. ______ keep our classroom clean, we shouldn’t drop rubbish everywhere. A. To B. For C. As D. With ( ) 8. My father asked me ______ noise in public places. A. not make B. not to make C. don’t make D. to not make A4. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式完成句子（注意使用动词不定式作目的状语）。（每小题1分，共6分） 1. She got up early ________________________ (catch) the early bus. 2. I stood up ________________________ (give) my seat to an old man. 3. ________________________ (keep) safe online, we must follow some basic rules. 4. He went to a quiet area ________________________ (read) his book in peace. 5. We should take a deep breath ________________________ (calm) down. 6. ________________________ (protect) our eyes, we shouldn’t look at the phone for too long. Part B 提升性作业（选做，面向大多数） B1. 完形填空。阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。（每小题1分，共10分） After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. I went to a quiet area in order to ______ (1) my book. I sat down and took out the book. Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a ______ (2)! I almost jumped up in surprise. A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. It was like he was on a picnic. People have to eat, of course. But the food was so ______ (3)! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. I covered my ears in order to ______ (4) the noise. Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger ______ (5). My face turned as red as a tomato! I asked him to stop. ______ (6), his mother replied, “Come on, he’s just a kid.” I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. They also seemed ______ (7), but no one did anything. Will they think me a fool if I do something? I looked at the signs on the wall. They read “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children”. Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren’t just on the wall but also in our ______ (8) and hearts. And rules are there for us to ______ (9)! Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep ______ (10), stood up and cleared my throat. I decided to speak out. ( ) 1. A. read B. write C. sell D. hide ( ) 2. A. surprise B. pleasure C. pity D. joke ( ) 3. A. sweet B. smelly C. delicious D. fresh ( ) 4. A. make B. block C. increase D. enjoy ( ) 5. A. grew B. fell C. stopped D. disappeared ( ) 6. A. However B. Because C. So D. And ( ) 7. A. happy B. unhappy C. excited D. sleepy ( ) 8. A. minds B. bags C. hands D. books ( ) 9. A. break B. follow C. make D. change ( ) 10. A. breath B. look C. rest D. walk B2. 阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。（每小题2分，共10分） Nowadays, the Internet has brought us a lot of fun, but it has also brought new risks. So we need to follow some basic rules to stay safe online. First, keep your personal information private. Don’t let unfamiliar people know your full name, phone number, address, ID or passport number online. Only people you know should see your information. Second, be password smart. Have a strong and long password, and avoid using your birthday. Change it often. Third, be aware of strangers. Never meet online strangers in real life, and only spend time online with trusted friends. Fourth, be careful with posts. Think carefully before posting something online, and remember that behaving badly online has a cost. Finally, if you meet cyberbullying, don’t spread any bad messages. Turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help. Rules are not only on the wall. They are also in our minds and hearts. Following the rules can keep us safe and happy online. ( ) 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. How to make online friends. B. How to stay safe online. C. How to play computer games. D. How to use a password. ( ) 2. What should you do with your personal information? A. Share it with strangers. B. Post it online. C. Keep it private. D. Tell everyone your ID number. ( ) 3. Which of the following is a good password? A. 123456 B. Your birthday C. Your name D. A long mix of letters and numbers ( ) 4. What should you do if you meet cyberbullying? A. Spread the bad messages. B. Fight back online. C. Ask trusted adults for help. D. Say nothing and hide it. ( ) 5. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Rules are useless online. B. Rules only exist on the wall. C. We should follow the rules to keep safe. D. The Internet is always dangerous. B3. 任务型阅读。阅读下面短文，完成表格并回答问题。（共10分） Rules are everywhere in our life. They help us live and work together in a friendly way. On the road, we should follow the traffic rules. When the light is red, we must stop. We should also wear a seat belt in a car and never play on the road. On the train, we should keep quiet and look after our children. We shouldn’t take smelly food with us, because it may trouble other passengers. At school, we should arrive on time, wear our school uniforms and respect our teachers and classmates. We shouldn’t run in the classroom. In the library, we should keep silent and return the books on time. We shouldn’t eat or write in the books. When we are online, we should protect our personal information and be polite to others. We shouldn’t click on strange links. In a word, good rules make our life better. Let’s play by the rules! Task 1: 根据短文内容，完成下列表格。（每小题1分，共4分） Place（场所） Rules（规则） On the road（示例） follow the traffic rules; stop at a red light; never play on the road On the train ____________________________ At school ____________________________ In the library ____________________________ Online ____________________________ Task 2: 根据短文内容回答问题。（每小题2分，共6分） 1. Why shouldn’t we take smelly food on the train? ________________________________________________________________ 2. What should we do in the library? ________________________________________________________________ 3. What does the writer think of good rules? ________________________________________________________________ B4. 短文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。（每小题1分，共8分） Hello, everyone! I’m a middle school student. Our class has made some new rules ______ (1) (keep) our class better. First, we should keep quiet in class ______ (2) order to listen to the teacher carefully. Second, we must hand in our homework on time. If we don’t, the teacher ______ (3) (be) unhappy. Third, ______ (4) (keep) our classroom clean, we shouldn’t drop rubbish everywhere. Fourth, we should be ______ (5) (friend) to each other and respect our classmates. After we made these rules, our class became much ______ (6) (good) than before. Everyone follows the rules ______ (7) (make) our class a happy place. I think rules are like traffic lights—they are there ______ (8) us to follow. Part C 拓展性作业（挑战，面向学有余力者） C1. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（每小题2分，共6分） Some people think that rules are too strict and boring. They want to do whatever they like. But can we really break the rules whenever we want? In fact, rules are made to protect us. For example, the rule “Please be quiet” on the train is not only for fun. It helps people who are tired and need a rest. If everyone plays loud music and talks loudly, no one can have a peaceful trip. On the Internet, the rules of keeping our password safe protect us from bad people who may cheat us. Of course, sometimes we may face a special situation. For example, if someone is badly ill on the road, we may break the traffic rule to take him to hospital quickly. But remember, this is not because we don’t respect the rule; it is because we value life more. So, rules are not our enemies. They are our friends. We should follow them in our daily life, and only break them when it is truly necessary and for a good reason. 1. What do some people think of rules? ________________________________________________________________ 2. Why does the writer say rules are made to protect us? Give one example. ________________________________________________________________ 3. Do you think we can ever break the rules? Why or why not?（开放题，言之有理即可） ________________________________________________________________ C2. 书面表达。（共14分） 某英文网站正在开展以“Rules in My Life”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下面的提示，写一篇短文投稿，介绍你所在班级（或学校）的一条规则。 提示：1. 这条规则是什么；2. 为什么要制定这条规则；3. 你对这条规则的看法。 要求：1. 条理清楚，语句通顺，书写规范；2. 词数80—100词；3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。 参考词汇：rule 规则；follow/obey rules 遵守规则；keep quiet 保持安静；hand in 交上；respect 尊重；be good for 对……有益。 参考句型：Our class has a rule that ... / The aim of this rule is to ... / To ..., we should ... / I think this rule is ... because ... / With this rule, ... Rules in My Life ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Part P 项目实践活动（项目式学习核心任务） 项目名称：Design a Rule Board for Our Class（为我们的班级设计规则展板） 驱动问题：How can we make better rules for our class and tell others about them? 项目任务：以小组为单位，选择一个校园生活领域（如课堂、课间、作业、环境、网络等），找出问题、制定规则，完成一份英文“班级规则展板（rule board）”，并在班级“规则发布会”上进行英文介绍。 分层要求： A 层：能用 3—5 句英语说出本组关心的一个问题及一条规则。 B 层：能完成图文并茂的规则展板，并用 5—8 句英语进行介绍，说明规则的内容与意义。 C 层：能制作精美的海报或 PPT，进行约 2 分钟的英文展示，用 in order to / so as to 等结构说明规则的目的，并加入呼吁。 实施步骤： 1. 明确任务与分工（Which area? What problems? Who does what?）； 2. 观察与讨论（brainstorm the problems in this area）； 3. 制定规则并说明理由（What rules? Why are they important?）； 4. 撰写英文文稿并制作展板（use the language tips of this unit）； 5. 展示与评价（present and evaluate）。 参考语言支架：The rule is “please be / no ...”. / This rule is about ... / The aim of this rule is to ... / To ..., it’s important to ... / We think this rule will help to ... / With this rule, there will be fewer ... / That way, ... can ... 七、答案与解析 Part A 基础性作业 A1.（每小题1分，共10分） 1. packets　2. picnic　3. smelly　4. noise　5. reduce　6. seat　7. passengers　8. sign　9. responsibility　10. honesty 【解析】1. several 后接可数名词复数 packets。2. picnic 野餐，have a picnic 为固定搭配。3. smelly 有臭味的，作表语。4. noise 噪声，make noise 制造噪声。5. reduce 减少，情态动词 should 后接动词原形。6. seat 座位，Is this seat taken? 意为“这个座位有人吗？”。7. passenger 乘客，由 were 可知用复数 passengers。8. sign 指示牌、标牌。9. responsibility 责任，take responsibility for 意为“对……负责”。10. honesty 诚实，of 后接名词作定语。 A2.（每小题1分，共8分） 1. noisy　2. careless　3. honesty　4. breath　5. packets　6. passengers　7. smelly　8. respect 【解析】1. noisy 吵闹的，作表语修饰人。2. careless 粗心的，It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 句型。3. honesty 诚实（名词），作 at 的宾语。4. breath 呼吸（名词），take a deep breath 意为“深呼吸”。5. several 后接复数 packets。6. How many 后接复数 passengers。7. smelly 有臭味的，作表语。8. respect 尊重，情态动词 should 后用原形。 A3.（每小题1分，共8分） 1. B　2. B　3. A　4. B　5. A　6. C　7. A　8. B 【解析】1. 回答 Why...? 表示目的，用动词不定式 to borrow 作目的状语。2. to reduce 作目的状语，表示“为了减轻难闻的气味”。3. to see 作目的状语，表示“为了看看其他乘客的脸”。4. be like doing sth. 意为“像……一样”，like 后接动名词 sitting。5. the sign reads “…” 中 read 意为“上面写着”，主语为第三人称单数，用 reads。6. not just ... but also ... 意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。7. To keep ... 置于句首作目的状语。8. ask sb. not to do sth. 意为“要求某人不要做某事”，否定式在 to 前加 not。 A4.（每小题1分，共6分） 1. to catch　2. to give　3. To keep　4. to read　5. to calm　6. To protect 【解析】1—6 题均考查动词不定式作目的状语，基本形式为 to do sth.，置于句首时首字母要大写（如第 3、6 题）。其中第 2 题也可用 in order to give；第 6 题也可用 In order to protect，语气更正式。注意：so as to 只能置于句中，不能置于句首。 Part B 提升性作业 B1.（每小题1分，共10分） 1. A　2. A　3. B　4. B　5. A　6. A　7. B　8. A　9. B　10. A 【解析】1. 作者上车是为了“看书”，用 read。2. What a surprise! 为单元原句，表示“多么令人吃惊啊！”。3. 由下文 blue cheese 可知食物“有臭味”，用 smelly。4. 捂住耳朵是为了“挡住”噪声，用 block。5. 由“脸涨得通红”可知怒气“增长”，用 grew。6. 前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，用 However。7. 其他乘客看起来也“不高兴”，用 unhappy。8. 规则不仅贴在墙上，更存在于我们的“脑海”里，用 minds。9. rules are there for us to follow 意为“规则就是用来遵守的”，用 follow。10. take a deep breath 意为“深呼吸”，用 breath。 B2.（每小题2分，共10分） 1. B　2. C　3. D　4. C　5. C 【解析】1. 通读全文可知，短文介绍的是“如何安全上网”，故选 B。2. 由 “keep your personal information private” 可知应“保密”，故选 C。3. 由 “Have a strong and long password, and avoid using your birthday.” 可知，好密码应是“长且复杂的字母数字组合”，故选 D。4. 由 “Turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help.” 可知应求助于可信的成年人，故选 C。5. 由最后一段可知，遵守规则能让我们安全、快乐地上网，故选 C。 B3.（共10分） Task 1（每小题1分，共4分）： On the train：keep quiet / look after our children / not take smelly food with us At school：arrive on time / wear school uniforms / respect teachers and classmates / not run in the classroom In the library：keep silent / return the books on time / not eat or write in the books Online：protect personal information / be polite to others / not click on strange links 【解析】答案分别对应短文中火车上、学校里、图书馆中和网络上的规则叙述，抓住关键信息即可（On the road 为示例，已给出）。 Task 2（每小题2分，共6分）： 1. Because it may trouble other passengers.　 2. We should keep silent and return the books on time.（也可补充：We shouldn’t eat or write in the books.）　 3. He/She thinks good rules make our life better. / Good rules make our life better. 【解析】1. 定位短文中火车相关内容 “We shouldn’t take smelly food with us, because it may trouble other passengers.”。2. 答案来自图书馆一段。3. 答案来自文末 “good rules make our life better”。 B4.（每小题1分，共8分） 1. to keep　2. in　3. will be　4. To keep　5. friendly　6. better　7. to make　8. for 【解析】1. to keep ... 作目的状语，表示“为了使班级更好”。2. in order to 为固定搭配，意为“为了”。3. if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 will be。4. To keep ... 置于句首作目的状语，首字母大写。5. be friendly to sb. 意为“对某人友好”。6. 由 than 可知用比较级 better。7. to make ... 作目的状语，表示“为了使班级成为一个快乐的地方”。8. rules are there for us to follow 意为“规则供我们遵守”，用介词 for。 Part C 拓展性作业 C1.（每小题2分，共6分） 1. They think rules are too strict and boring.（意思对即可） 2. Because rules protect us. For example, the rule “Please be quiet” on the train helps tired people have a rest.（举出文中任一例子即可） 3. 开放题。参考示例：Yes, I think we can sometimes break the rules, but only when it is truly necessary and for a good reason, such as saving a life.（观点明确、理由合理、语言基本正确即可） 【解析】1、2 两题答案可从短文中直接获取；第 3 题考查学生联系实际、辩证思考与表达个人观点的能力，言之有理即可。 C2.（共14分） 参考范文： Rules in My Life Our class has a rule that we must hand in our homework on time. The aim of this rule is to help us form a good learning habit. To follow this rule, we should finish our homework carefully after school. I think this rule is good for us, because it teaches us to be responsible. With this rule, no one will fall behind. Rules are like friends, and they make our class better. 【解析】本题为开放性书面表达，评分建议如下： 1. 内容要点（6分）：涵盖“规则是什么、为什么制定、你的看法”三个要点，每点2分。 2. 语言表达（5分）：语法、词汇运用正确，句式较丰富，能恰当使用本单元词汇与句型（如不定式作目的状语）。 3. 结构与书写（3分）：条理清楚、书写规范、标点正确，词数符合要求。 Part P 项目实践评价提示 项目实践重在过程与展示。建议从“主题与内容、规则与理由、英文表达、合作与创意”四个维度进行评价（详见“五、作业评价”中的评价量表）。优秀展板可在班级或年级范围内张贴展示，以增强学生的成就感与规则意识。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $