专题03 选择性必修第二册 Unit1～Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型语法梳理（期中知识清单）高二英语上学期外研版

专题 03 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点 01 重点词类 1．※integrity n. 正直，诚实 2．※deadline n. 截止时间，最后期限 3．※virtue n. 美德 4．※switch v. 转换；（用开关）打开 5．※mature adj. 成熟的，明白事理的 6．※clarify v. 澄清，讲清楚 7．※routine n. 惯例，习惯 8．※motivation n. 动机；动力 9．adulthood n. 成年 10．※occupy v. 占用，占去（时间） 11．licence n. 执照 12．※security n. 安全，保障 13．※approve v. 赞成，批准，认可 14．※access n. 接触或使用的机会 15．※commitment n. 投入；承诺 16．※constant adj. 持续不断的，经常发生的 17．※suitable adj. 合适的 18．※rely v. 依赖，依靠 19．※variety n. 多样性；种类 20．※appropriate adj. 恰当的，合适的 21．※consequence n. 后果，结果 22．※procrastination n. 拖延 23．evident adj. 显然的，清楚的 24．※promote v. 促进，增进 25．cherish v. 珍视，珍惜 26．※invest v. 投资；投入 27．※gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的 28．vision n. 构想，设想 知识点 02 高频短语 1．have a say 有发言权 2．switch on 打开（设备） 3．take responsibility for 为……负责 4．on reflection 经再三考虑；反思 5．behind the wheel 驾驶汽车 6．be occupied with 忙于 7．no doubt 无疑地，必定 8．miss out 错过，失去机会 9．tempt sb. to do sth. 诱惑某人做某事 10．be distracted by 因……分心 11．ponder over 仔细考虑 12．check out 核实，了解清楚 13．lay aside 把……搁置一边 14．throw in the towel 认输，放弃 15．devote oneself to 致力于 16．without access to 无法使用或获得…… 17．at a glance 看一眼 18．rely on 依靠，依赖 19．distinguish ... from ... 区分……和…… 20．in control of 掌控 21．close at hand 就在眼前 22．put aside 储蓄；留出 知识点 03 重点句型 1．adj. + enough to do If you are old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes, you should be allowed to have a say on how the money is spent. 如果你到了赚取工资和纳税的年龄，就应该有权对税款的使用发表意见。 2．with 复合结构 With the detox now finished, they have switched on their devices and are back online. 戒除社交媒体活动结束后，他们已打开设备，重新上线。 3．find + it + adj. + to do Because my commute is expensive, I find it hard to save any money. 由于通勤费用高，我发现很难存下钱。 4．leave + 宾语 + 宾补 An hour's sport each day left me tired out and wanting to go to bed early. 每天一小时运动使我筋疲力尽，想早点上床休息。 5．it 作形式主语 It is tiresome for children to be always explaining things to grown-ups. 孩子们总得向大人解释事情，真令人厌烦。 6．see + 宾语 + doing Recent headlines have seen more and more teenagers maxing out their parents' credit cards on online games. 最近的媒体报道中，越来越多青少年在网络游戏中刷爆父母的信用卡。 7．强调句 It is / was ... that ... It was from then on that his grandchildren started to decide how to use the money they received. 正是从那时起，他的孙辈们开始自行决定如何使用收到的钱。 8．whether ... or ... Whether you want to help a friend or give money to a charity, it is important to make a thoughtful choice. 无论你想帮助朋友还是向慈善机构捐款，作出周全的选择都很重要。 9．疑问词 + 不定式 The children learned what to do with the money they received: spend it, save it, invest it or give it. 孩子们学会了如何使用收到的钱：消费、储蓄、投资还是捐赠。 10．so that 引导目的状语从句 The aim is to help teenagers think objectively about money so that they learn the value of what they own. 目的是帮助青少年客观看待金钱，从而理解自己所拥有之物的价值。 知识点 04 重点语法 1. adj. + enough to do：old enough to earn a wage；注意 enough 位于形容词/副词后。 2. find + it + adj. + to do：it 为形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。 3. It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do：for 评行为，of 常用于评价人的品格或表现。 4. with 复合结构：with + n. + done / doing / adj.，可表背景、原因或伴随。 5. leave + 宾语 + 宾补：leave sb. tired / wanting ...；强调结果状态。 6. see + 宾语 + doing：无生命主语 recent headlines have seen ... 是拟人表达。 7. 强调句：It was from then on that ...；去掉 It was ... that 后原句结构仍完整。 8. whether ... or ...：连接两种或多种选择；whatever 可引导名词性从句。 9. 疑问词 + 不定式：what to do / how to manage ...，常作宾语；so that + 从句表目的。 考点 01 词类转换（派生词）— 最高频 ※1．approve v．赞成，批准 → approval n．赞成；批准 → approvingly adv.赞许地 ※2．motivate v．激发，激励 → motivation n．动力 → motivated adj.积极的 ※3．commit v．承诺；投入 → commitment n．承诺；投入 → committed adj.尽心尽力的 ※4．occupy v．占用时间 → occupation n．职业；占用 → occupied adj.忙于；被占用的 ※5．access n．使用机会 → accessible adj.可使用的；易接近的 ※6．rely v．依赖 → reliable adj.可靠的 → reliably adv.可靠地 ※7．legal adj.合法的 → legally adv.合法地 → illegal adj.非法的 ※8．vary v．变化 → variety n．种类；多样性 → various adj.各种各样的 ※9．secure adj.安全的 → security n．安全 → securely adv.安全地 ※10．appropriate adj.恰当的 → appropriately adv.恰当地 11．constant adj.持续不断的 → constantly adv.不断地 12．instant adj.立即的 → instantly adv.立即，马上 13．gradual adj.逐渐的 → gradually adv.逐渐地 14．promote v．促进 → promotion n．促进，提升 15．invest v．投资 → investment n．投资 16．consequence n．后果 → consequently adv.因此，所以 17．evident adj.显而易见的 → evidence n．证据 → evidently adv.显然 18．conclude v．得出结论 → conclusion n．结论 → conclusive adj.确凿的 巩固练习：根据语境，用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1．The students soon realised that managing their time required both determination and commitment (commit), not simply an exciting plan. 2．After reviewing the evidence, the teacher gave her approval (approve) to the proposed digital-detox programme. 3．The online task was difficult, but the group remained strongly motivated (motivate) because the goal seemed meaningful. 4．The library provides free Internet access (accessible) to students who cannot easily study online at home. 5．Students were encouraged to speak appropriately (appropriate) when discussing differences of opinion with classmates. 6．By the end of the month, the volunteers had developed a reliable (rely) system for checking how donated money was used. 7．The number of hours spent online varied considerably (considerable) among students, reflecting their different routines. 8．As the training continued, the teenager gradually (gradual) became more confident about making decisions independently. 考点 02 介词填空 — 必考 知识点：熟记固定搭配中的介词位置和搭配意义，重点识别 with / to / of / on / by 等介词。 approve of a plan be committed to doing be occupied with ... rely on ... have access to ... be in control of ... be concerned with ... devote oneself to ... be distracted by ... take responsibility for ... in contrast to ... ponder over ... 巩固练习：阅读语境，在每个空格中填入一个适当的介词。 1．Students who approve of the new rules are encouraged to explain why they think the changes will help. 2．The volunteers are committed to providing free study support for children who lack suitable equipment at home. 3．Instead of checking his phone repeatedly, Ben became occupied with preparing for the school debate. 4．Teachers hope that students will learn to rely on their own judgement when deciding how to spend their spare time. 5．Everyone should have equal access to useful information, whether or not they own the latest digital devices. 6．By making a weekly schedule, Lucy gradually felt more in control of her study time and online habits. 7．The survey suggested that many teenagers were easily distracted by messages arriving while they were doing homework. 8．The class agreed that students should take responsibility for the choices they make online and the consequences of those choices. 考点 03 “to 后接 doing” 陷阱 — 高频易错 知识点：devote oneself to doing、be committed to doing、look forward to doing 中 to 为介词；tempt sb. to do、decide to do 中 to 为不定式标志。 辨析：be used to doing 表“习惯于”；used to do 表“过去常常”；commit oneself to doing 与 decide to do 搭配不同。 巩固练习：根据语境填入括号内单词的正确形式，辨认介词 to 与不定式 to。 1．The class leader devoted herself to organising (organise) the campaign because she wanted everyone to develop healthier online habits. 2．The young volunteers are committed to helping (help) older residents learn to use public digital services safely. 3．After several weeks, Jack became used to leaving (leave) his phone outside the bedroom at night. 4．The parents decided to set (set) a good example by reducing their own screen time at the dinner table. 5．Having reflected on his spending habits, Tom admitted to buying (buy) things that he had never really needed. 6．The attractive advertisements tempted many teenagers to spend (spend) more than they had originally planned. 7．She looks forward to sharing (share) what she has learned about time management with younger students. 8．The school hopes to provide (provide) more practical activities that encourage independent decision-making. 考点 04 -ed / -ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 知识点：-ed 形容词描述感受者的状态，-ing 形容词描述引发感受的特点；关注语境，而非机械按“人/物”判断。 辨析：motivated / motivating、distracted / distracting、embarrassed / embarrassing、tempted / tempting。 巩固练习：根据语境填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1．The teacher's practical advice was highly motivating (motivate), especially for students who had struggled to manage their time. 2．Most participants felt more motivated (motivate) once they could see the progress recorded in their weekly journals. 3．Constant phone notifications can be extremely distracting (distract) when students are reading a demanding article. 4．After turning off the alerts, Maya was less distracted (distract) and finished her work much earlier than usual. 5．The teenager felt embarrassed (embarrass) when she realised how much money she had spent on unnecessary online purchases. 6．The survey results were rather surprising (surprise), since even students who disliked social media checked it frequently. 7．The boy was disheartened (dishearten) by his first failure, but his father encouraged him to try again. 8．Although the three-week challenge was initially tiring (tire), it helped the students become more patient and organised. 考点 05：句型仿写 / 汉译英 知识点：for sb. 评做事的难易必要；of sb. 评人的品格；not only ... but also 作主语遵循就近原则。 重点句型：It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do；not only ... but also；would rather do than do；prefer doing to doing。 根据给定句型完成下列8题，注意主谓一致、部分倒装及平行结构。 1. 对青少年来说，学会合理安排时间比一味追求效率更重要。（It is + adj. + for sb. to do） It is more important for teenagers to learn to manage their time sensibly than to focus only on being efficient. 2. 那位学生主动帮助没有网络设备的同学完成线上任务，真是体贴。（It is + adj. + of sb. to do） It was considerate of the student to help classmates without Internet access complete their online assignments. 3. 不仅父母，而且老师也认为年轻人应该有机会参与制定规则。（not only ... but also；就近原则） Not only the parents but also the teacher believes that young people should have a say in making rules that affect them. 4. 这次活动不仅帮助学生减少了屏幕使用时间，还使他们重新发现了阅读的乐趣。（Not only 句首倒装） Not only did the programme help students reduce screen time, but it also encouraged them to rediscover the pleasure of reading. 5. 与其立刻买一部新手机，他宁愿把钱存起来以备将来使用。（would rather ... than ...） He would rather put aside the money for future needs than buy a new phone immediately, even though the latest model looked attractive. 6. 面对令人分心的消息，她更喜欢按计划学习，而不是不断查看手机。（prefer doing to doing） Faced with distracting messages, she preferred following her study schedule to checking her phone repeatedly. 7. 为了兑现承诺，他宁愿每天早起锻炼，也不愿找借口。（would rather ... than ...） To keep his commitment, he would rather get up early to exercise every day than make excuses for missing his routine. 8. 对年轻人而言，学会对自己的选择负责十分必要。（It is ... for ...） It is essential for young people to learn to take responsibility for their choices, particularly when using money and digital services. 考点 06：语法填空 — 短语成分 知识点：NP 常作主语或宾语；AdjP 常作表语或补语；AdvP 多作状语。先确定短语中心词，再判断句法功能。 1—5题：判断画线短语的类别（NP / AdjP / AdvP）及句法功能。 1. A well-planned weekly routine with clear priorities can help teenagers finish their assignments without being constantly distracted by their phones. 短语类别：NP（名词短语）；句法功能：主语。 2. After the digital-detox challenge, the participants became much more aware of their online habits and began setting realistic goals. 短语类别：AdjP（形容词短语）；句法功能：表语。 3. The school counsellor explained the risks of unnecessary online spending extremely patiently, allowing every student time to ask questions. 短语类别：AdvP（副词短语）；句法功能：状语。 4. When the campaign ended, the teachers found many students noticeably more confident in making decisions about how they spent their spare time. 短语类别：AdjP（形容词短语）；句法功能：宾语补足语。 5. The class discussed the possible consequences of relying too heavily on social media before writing a plan for the next month. 短语类别：NP（名词短语）；句法功能：宾语。 6—15题（高考语篇型训练）：在每个空格填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During a school challenge, students were asked to spend less time online and use the saved hours more wisely. At first, many worried that life without constant messages would be (1) boring (bore). However, the first week brought an unexpected (2) discovery (discover). When students switched off unnecessary alerts, they found it easier (3) to concentrate (concentrate) on homework. One student, Lily, used the extra time to help at a community library, (4) where she met older residents who needed support with digital services. She patiently showed them how to use the equipment (5) safely (safe). Another student realised that he had spent too much money (6) on online games. On reflection, he decided (7) to put (put) part of his weekly allowance aside. By the end of the programme, students were better able to take (8) responsibility (responsible) for their choices. The experience also reminded them (9) that growing up means learning to make decisions independently rather (10) than following every new trend. 考点 07：书面表达（应用文） 知识点：明确邮件交际目的，围绕信息、细节和期待组织段落；建议类邮件要可操作，邀请类邮件要提供必要活动信息。 常用句式：I am writing to ...；It is ... for sb. to ...；I would rather ... than ...；I hope you can ... 1. 假定你是李华。学校将举行“Growing Up with Responsibility”十八岁成人礼主题班会。请给外籍教师Ms Green写邮件，邀请她参加并介绍时间地点、活动内容和你的期待。词数80个左右。 参考范文（约80词）： Dear Ms Green, I am writing to invite you to our class meeting, “Growing Up with Responsibility”, in Room 302 at 3 p.m. next Friday. As part of our coming-of-age activities, students will share personal experiences of making independent decisions and discuss what it means to take responsibility for others. We will also write short commitments to ourselves for the year ahead. Your experience and advice would make the discussion more meaningful. Could you join us and say a few words? We would be delighted to welcome you. Yours, Li Hua 写作点拨：要点：邀请目的→时间地点与活动→期待回复；语气礼貌自然。 2. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Sam总是边写作业边刷短视频，常常错过截止日期。请给他写邮件，说明问题并提出两条可操作的自我管理建议。词数80个左右。 参考范文（约80词）： Dear Sam, I understand how tempting short videos can be, especially after a tiring day. However, checking them while studying may distract you and make deadlines harder to meet. Why not turn off unnecessary notifications and put your phone somewhere out of reach for thirty minutes at a time? You could also list your tasks in order of importance and take a short break after completing each one. Small changes, repeated regularly, can build a more reliable routine. I hope these ideas help you feel more in control of your time. Yours, Li Hua 写作点拨：要点：理解处境→两项可执行建议→积极收尾；避免说教。 辨析 01 approve / approval / approve of 词或结构 用法 例句 approve a plan 及物动词：批准方案 The school approved the project. approve of sth. 赞成某事或做法 I approve of the new routine. win approval 获得认可 Her idea won teachers' approval. 记忆：approve sth. 可表“批准”；approve of sb./sth. 表“赞同”；approval 为名词。 辨析 02 -ed 形容词 vs -ing 形容词 词对 -ed（感受状态） -ing（引发感受） motivate motivated 积极的 motivating 鼓舞人的 distract distracted 分心的 distracting 使人分心的 embarrass embarrassed 尴尬的 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 记忆：motivated 是“有积极性的”；motivating 是“激励人的”；同理 distracting / distracted。 辨析 03 to 后接 doing 还是 do 结构 to 的性质 例句 be committed to doing 介词 to + doing She is committed to improving. be used to doing 介词 to + doing He is used to saving money. decide to do 不定式 to + do They decided to switch off alerts. 记忆：devote oneself to doing 中 to 为介词；tempt sb. to do 中 to 为不定式。 辨析 04 lay aside / put aside 短语 侧重点 例句 lay aside 暂时放下或搁置 Lay aside your worries for now. put aside 存钱；留出时间或资源 She put aside part of her wages. throw in the towel 认输，与前两者不同 Do not throw in the towel. 记忆：lay aside 常指把事物暂时搁置；put aside 可指存钱或暂放；都要结合语境判断。 辨析 05 It is ... to do / find it ... to do 结构 句法功能 例句 It is + adj. + to do it 为形式主语 It is hard to avoid distractions. find it + adj. + to do it 为形式宾语 I find it hard to save money. It is + adj. + for sb. 明确不定式逻辑主语 It is vital for us to plan ahead. 记忆：It is difficult to do 中 it 为形式主语；find it difficult to do 中 it 为形式宾语。 题型 考查内容 示例 建议题量/难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 词义 根据语境拼写 integrity、deadline 10题 / ★ 单句语法填空 词形变化 + 固定搭配 motivate（词形变化） 10题 / ★★ 完成句子 句型运用 It is ... for sb. to ...（句型运用） 8题 / ★★ 选词填空 语境选词 + 变形 从 virtue、switch 等选词 8题 / ★★ 单项选择 易混辨析 + 搭配 介词搭配 / 非谓语动词 / 形容词辨析 10题 / ★★ 句型转换 同义结构改写 prefer doing to doing ⇄ would rather do than do 5题 / ★★★ 短语翻译 固定搭配记忆 汉译英：为……负责 10题 / ★ 词义配对 词义 / 搭配连线 have a say—有发言权 8题 / ★ 技巧 一句话要点 听力——先读题干预判 听前预判任务和人物关系；听清 but / however / actually 后的修正信息。 词汇拼写——派生词规律 先判词性再派生：approve 等结合句法位置确定形式。 短语搭配——to 后接 doing 陷阱 辨清介词 to 后的 doing 与不定式 to do；看固定搭配和动作时间。 介词填空——固定搭配优先 整组记忆介词位置；动词与宾语之间不能凭汉语习惯随意加介词。 易混词辨析——按对象判断 辨析同义短语的对象、语义和搭配方式，再代入语境。 -ed/-ing 形容词——人-ed 物-ing -ed 表感受状态，-ing 表引发感受的特征；根据语义判定。 完形填空——先通读再选 完形先抓 responsibility / deadline / motivation 等主题，再分析指代、逻辑和情绪变化。 阅读理解——题干定位+同义替换 阅读回文定位同义替换；核对范围、转折和观点，不臆断。 七选五——衔接词+主题句 七选五关注段落主旨句以及指代、转折、因果与例证衔接。 语法填空——先判词性再变形 语篇填空先判句法功能，再审视时态、非谓语、冠词与介词。 长难句——成分分析 长难句先找主谓宾，再区分从句、非谓语和插入语。 书面表达——模板+高级句式 应用文围绕目的、关键信息和得体结尾组织，避免拼凑高级词汇。 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。 1．A sense of personal responsibility (责任) helps young people realise that freedom also involves considering the effects of their decisions on others. 2．To meet the approaching deadline (截止日期), the group created a weekly timetable and agreed to check one another's progress. 3．The head teacher praised the student's integrity (正直，诚实) after she returned a wallet she had found in the corridor. 4．The school developed a new routine (惯例，习惯) to help students balance academic work, sport and social activities more effectively. 5．Several students explained that reducing screen time gave them greater motivation (动力) to read books and participate in outdoor activities. 6．The school asked parents to approve (批准) the revised arrangements before students joined the residential programme. 7．The speaker stressed the importance of equal access (使用机会) to digital learning resources for teenagers in different areas. 8．The results were surprising, but the teacher reminded the class that changing a long-established habit requires commitment (投入；决心). 9．The teenagers discussed the possible consequences (后果) of spending more money than they could afford on online games. 10．The counsellor encouraged everyone to cherish (珍视) close relationships rather than measure personal success only by possessions. 【题型二】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空；无提示词的空格填入一个适当的词。 1．Students who are highly motivated (motivate) often find it easier to continue working when the first attempt does not succeed. 2．After the class discussion, we agreed that the rules should be explained more clearly (clear) to younger students. 3．The programme reminded teenagers to think (think) carefully before sharing personal information on social media platforms. 4．It was only after she had missed several deadlines that Maya decided to make a more realistic study schedule. 5．The volunteer devoted most of her weekends to helping residents learn to use digital services at the community centre. 6．With their phones switched (switch) off, the students were able to focus on their discussion without interruption. 7．The advice was so practical that everyone agreed it was well worth trying (try), even if the change might be difficult at first. 8．Not only the students but also their teacher was (be) surprised by how much the class enjoyed the offline activities. 9．Many teenagers are now more aware of the need to protect their privacy when they use different online services. 10．The club launched a project aimed (aim) at helping younger students develop confidence and a sense of responsibility. 【题型三】完成句子 1．在老师的建议下，她发现把手机放在书包里有助于集中注意力。（find + it + adj. + to do） Following her teacher's advice, she found it easier to concentrate when she kept her phone in her schoolbag. 2．不仅学生们，而且他们的班主任也支持这个减少屏幕时间的计划。（not only ... but also；就近原则） Not only the students but also their head teacher supports the plan to reduce screen time during the school week. 3．他宁愿每周储蓄一部分零花钱，也不愿把钱全部花在网络游戏上。（would rather） He would rather put aside part of his weekly allowance than spend all his money on online games. 4．只有承担起家庭责任以后，她才真正理解成年意味着什么。（only 倒装） Only after taking responsibility for household tasks did she truly understand what growing up meant. 5．由于通知已关闭，这些学生能够专心完成作业。（with 复合结构） With the notifications switched off, the students were able to concentrate on their homework without being distracted. 6．对年轻人来说，在作出重要决定前考虑后果是必要的。（It is + adj. + for sb.） It is necessary for young people to consider the possible consequences before making important decisions. 7．正是那次社会实践活动让他认识到诚实和责任的重要性。（强调句） It was the community service experience that helped him understand the importance of integrity and responsibility. 8．比起不断抱怨时间不够，她更喜欢提前规划好每天的任务。（prefer doing to doing） She prefers planning her daily tasks in advance to constantly complaining that she does not have enough time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 03 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点 01 重点词类 1．※integrity n. ____________ 2．※deadline n. ____________ 3．※virtue n. ____________ 4．※switch v. ____________ 5．※mature adj. ____________ 6．※clarify v. ____________ 7．※routine n. ____________ 8．※motivation n. ____________ 9．adulthood n. ____________ 10．※occupy v. ____________ 11．licence n. ____________ 12．※security n. ____________ 13．※approve v. ____________ 14．※access n. ____________ 15．※commitment n. ____________ 16．※constant adj. ____________ 17．※suitable adj. ____________ 18．※rely v. ____________ 19．※variety n. ____________ 20．※appropriate adj. ____________ 21．※consequence n. ____________ 22．※procrastination n. ____________ 23．evident adj. ____________ 24．※promote v. ____________ 25．cherish v. ____________ 26．※invest v. ____________ 27．※gradual adj. ____________ 28．vision n. ____________ 知识点 02 高频短语 1．____________ 有发言权 2．____________ 打开（设备） 3．____________ 为……负责 4．____________ 经再三考虑；反思 5．____________ 驾驶汽车 6．____________ 忙于 7．____________ 无疑地，必定 8．____________ 错过，失去机会 9．____________ 诱惑某人做某事 10．____________ 因……分心 11．____________ 仔细考虑 12．____________ 核实，了解清楚 13．____________ 把……搁置一边 14．____________ 认输，放弃 15．____________ 致力于 16．____________ 无法使用或获得…… 17．____________ 看一眼 18．____________ 依靠，依赖 19．____________ 区分……和…… 20．____________ 掌控 21．____________ 就在眼前 22．____________ 储蓄；留出 知识点 03 重点句型 1．adj. + enough to do If you are ____________, you should be allowed to have a say on how the money is spent. 如果你到了赚取工资和纳税的年龄，就应该有权对税款的使用发表意见。 2．with 复合结构 ____________, they have switched on their devices and are back online. 戒除社交媒体活动结束后，他们已打开设备，重新上线。 3．find + it + adj. + to do Because my commute is expensive, I ____________. 由于通勤费用高，我发现很难存下钱。 4．leave + 宾语 + 宾补 An hour's sport each day ____________. 每天一小时运动使我筋疲力尽，想早点上床休息。 5．it 作形式主语 It is tiresome ____________. 孩子们总得向大人解释事情，真令人厌烦。 6．see + 宾语 + doing Recent headlines have seen ____________ on online games. 最近的媒体报道中，越来越多青少年在网络游戏中刷爆父母的信用卡。 7．强调句 It is / was ... that ... ____________ his grandchildren started to decide how to use the money they received. 正是从那时起，他的孙辈们开始自行决定如何使用收到的钱。 8．whether ... or ... ____________, it is important to make a thoughtful choice. 无论你想帮助朋友还是向慈善机构捐款，作出周全的选择都很重要。 9．疑问词 + 不定式 The children learned ____________: spend it, save it, invest it or give it. 孩子们学会了如何使用收到的钱：消费、储蓄、投资还是捐赠。 10．so that 引导目的状语从句 The aim is to help teenagers think objectively about money ____________. 目的是帮助青少年客观看待金钱，从而理解自己所拥有之物的价值。 知识点 04 重点语法 1. adj. + enough to do：old enough to earn a wage；注意 enough 位于形容词/副词后。 2. find + it + adj. + to do：it 为形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。 3. It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do：for 评行为，of 常用于评价人的品格或表现。 4. with 复合结构：with + n. + done / doing / adj.，可表背景、原因或伴随。 5. leave + 宾语 + 宾补：leave sb. tired / wanting ...；强调结果状态。 6. see + 宾语 + doing：无生命主语 recent headlines have seen ... 是拟人表达。 7. 强调句：It was from then on that ...；去掉 It was ... that 后原句结构仍完整。 8. whether ... or ...：连接两种或多种选择；whatever 可引导名词性从句。 9. 疑问词 + 不定式：what to do / how to manage ...，常作宾语；so that + 从句表目的。 考点 01 词类转换（派生词）— 最高频 ※1．____________ v．赞成，批准 → ____________ n．赞成；批准 → ____________ adv.赞许地 ※2．____________ v．激发，激励 → ____________ n．动力 → ____________ adj.积极的 ※3．____________ v．承诺；投入 → ____________ n．承诺；投入 → ____________ adj.尽心尽力的 ※4．____________ v．占用时间 → ____________ n．职业；占用 → ____________ adj.忙于；被占用的 ※5．____________ n．使用机会 → ____________ adj.可使用的；易接近的 ※6．____________ v．依赖 → ____________ adj.可靠的 → ____________ adv.可靠地 ※7．____________ adj.合法的 → ____________ adv.合法地 → ____________ adj.非法的 ※8．____________ v．变化 → ____________ n．种类；多样性 → ____________ adj.各种各样的 ※9．____________ adj.安全的 → ____________ n．安全 → ____________ adv.安全地 ※10．____________ adj.恰当的 → ____________ adv.恰当地 11．____________ adj.持续不断的 → ____________ adv.不断地 12．____________ adj.立即的 → ____________ adv.立即，马上 13．____________ adj.逐渐的 → ____________ adv.逐渐地 14．____________ v．促进 → ____________ n．促进，提升 15．____________ v．投资 → ____________ n．投资 16．____________ n．后果 → ____________ adv.因此，所以 17．____________ adj.显而易见的 → ____________ n．证据 → ____________ adv.显然 18．____________ v．得出结论 → ____________ n．结论 → ____________ adj.确凿的 巩固练习：根据语境，用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1．The students soon realised that managing their time required both determination and ____________ (commit), not simply an exciting plan. 2．After reviewing the evidence, the teacher gave her ____________ (approve) to the proposed digital-detox programme. 3．The online task was difficult, but the group remained strongly ____________ (motivate) because the goal seemed meaningful. 4．The library provides free Internet ____________ (accessible) to students who cannot easily study online at home. 5．Students were encouraged to speak ____________ (appropriate) when discussing differences of opinion with classmates. 6．By the end of the month, the volunteers had developed a ____________ (rely) system for checking how donated money was used. 7．The number of hours spent online varied ____________ (considerable) among students, reflecting their different routines. 8．As the training continued, the teenager ____________ (gradual) became more confident about making decisions independently. 考点 02 介词填空 — 必考 知识点：熟记固定搭配中的介词位置和搭配意义，重点识别 with / to / of / on / by 等介词。 approve ____________ a plan be committed ____________ doing be occupied ____________ ... rely ____________ ... have access ____________ ... be in control ____________ ... be concerned ____________ ... devote oneself ____________ ... be distracted ____________ ... take responsibility ____________ ... in contrast ____________ ... ponder ____________ ... 巩固练习：阅读语境，在每个空格中填入一个适当的介词。 1．Students who approve ____________ the new rules are encouraged to explain why they think the changes will help. 2．The volunteers are committed ____________ providing free study support for children who lack suitable equipment at home. 3．Instead of checking his phone repeatedly, Ben became occupied ____________ preparing for the school debate. 4．Teachers hope that students will learn to rely ____________ their own judgement when deciding how to spend their spare time. 5．Everyone should have equal access ____________ useful information, whether or not they own the latest digital devices. 6．By making a weekly schedule, Lucy gradually felt more in control ____________ her study time and online habits. 7．The survey suggested that many teenagers were easily distracted ____________ messages arriving while they were doing homework. 8．The class agreed that students should take responsibility ____________ the choices they make online and the consequences of those choices. 考点 03 “to 后接 doing” 陷阱 — 高频易错 知识点：devote oneself to doing、be committed to doing、look forward to doing 中 to 为介词；tempt sb. to do、decide to do 中 to 为不定式标志。 辨析：be used to doing 表“习惯于”；used to do 表“过去常常”；commit oneself to doing 与 decide to do 搭配不同。 巩固练习：根据语境填入括号内单词的正确形式，辨认介词 to 与不定式 to。 1．The class leader devoted herself to ____________ (organise) the campaign because she wanted everyone to develop healthier online habits. 2．The young volunteers are committed to ____________ (help) older residents learn to use public digital services safely. 3．After several weeks, Jack became used to ____________ (leave) his phone outside the bedroom at night. 4．The parents decided ____________ (set) a good example by reducing their own screen time at the dinner table. 5．Having reflected on his spending habits, Tom admitted to ____________ (buy) things that he had never really needed. 6．The attractive advertisements tempted many teenagers ____________ (spend) more than they had originally planned. 7．She looks forward to ____________ (share) what she has learned about time management with younger students. 8．The school hopes ____________ (provide) more practical activities that encourage independent decision-making. 考点 04 -ed / -ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 知识点：-ed 形容词描述感受者的状态，-ing 形容词描述引发感受的特点；关注语境，而非机械按“人/物”判断。 辨析：motivated / motivating、distracted / distracting、embarrassed / embarrassing、tempted / tempting。 巩固练习：根据语境填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1．The teacher's practical advice was highly ____________ (motivate), especially for students who had struggled to manage their time. 2．Most participants felt more ____________ (motivate) once they could see the progress recorded in their weekly journals. 3．Constant phone notifications can be extremely ____________ (distract) when students are reading a demanding article. 4．After turning off the alerts, Maya was less ____________ (distract) and finished her work much earlier than usual. 5．The teenager felt ____________ (embarrass) when she realised how much money she had spent on unnecessary online purchases. 6．The survey results were rather ____________ (surprise), since even students who disliked social media checked it frequently. 7．The boy was ____________ (dishearten) by his first failure, but his father encouraged him to try again. 8．Although the three-week challenge was initially ____________ (tire), it helped the students become more patient and organised. 考点 05：句型仿写 / 汉译英 知识点：for sb. 评做事的难易必要；of sb. 评人的品格；not only ... but also 作主语遵循就近原则。 重点句型：It is + adj. + for/of sb. to do；not only ... but also；would rather do than do；prefer doing to doing。 根据给定句型完成下列8题，注意主谓一致、部分倒装及平行结构。 1. 对青少年来说，学会合理安排时间比一味追求效率更重要。（It is + adj. + for sb. to do） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 2. 那位学生主动帮助没有网络设备的同学完成线上任务，真是体贴。（It is + adj. + of sb. to do） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 3. 不仅父母，而且老师也认为年轻人应该有机会参与制定规则。（not only ... but also；就近原则） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 4. 这次活动不仅帮助学生减少了屏幕使用时间，还使他们重新发现了阅读的乐趣。（Not only 句首倒装） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 5. 与其立刻买一部新手机，他宁愿把钱存起来以备将来使用。（would rather ... than ...） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 6. 面对令人分心的消息，她更喜欢按计划学习，而不是不断查看手机。（prefer doing to doing） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 7. 为了兑现承诺，他宁愿每天早起锻炼，也不愿找借口。（would rather ... than ...） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 8. 对年轻人而言，学会对自己的选择负责十分必要。（It is ... for ...） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 考点 06：语法填空 — 短语成分 知识点：NP 常作主语或宾语；AdjP 常作表语或补语；AdvP 多作状语。先确定短语中心词，再判断句法功能。 1—5题：判断画线短语的类别（NP / AdjP / AdvP）及句法功能。 1. A well-planned weekly routine with clear priorities can help teenagers finish their assignments without being constantly distracted by their phones. 短语类别：____________；句法功能：____________。 2. After the digital-detox challenge, the participants became much more aware of their online habits and began setting realistic goals. 短语类别：____________；句法功能：____________。 3. The school counsellor explained the risks of unnecessary online spending extremely patiently, allowing every student time to ask questions. 短语类别：____________；句法功能：____________。 4. When the campaign ended, the teachers found many students noticeably more confident in making decisions about how they spent their spare time. 短语类别：____________；句法功能：____________。 5. The class discussed the possible consequences of relying too heavily on social media before writing a plan for the next month. 短语类别：____________；句法功能：____________。 6—15题（高考语篇型训练）：在每个空格填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During a school challenge, students were asked to spend less time online and use the saved hours more wisely. At first, many worried that life without constant messages would be (1) ____________ (bore). However, the first week brought an unexpected (2) ____________ (discover). When students switched off unnecessary alerts, they found it easier (3) ____________ (concentrate) on homework. One student, Lily, used the extra time to help at a community library, (4) ____________ she met older residents who needed support with digital services. She patiently showed them how to use the equipment (5) ____________ (safe). Another student realised that he had spent too much money (6) ____________ online games. On reflection, he decided (7) ____________ (put) part of his weekly allowance aside. By the end of the programme, students were better able to take (8) ____________ (responsible) for their choices. The experience also reminded them (9) ____________ growing up means learning to make decisions independently rather (10) ____________ following every new trend. 考点 07：书面表达（应用文） 知识点：明确邮件交际目的，围绕信息、细节和期待组织段落；建议类邮件要可操作，邀请类邮件要提供必要活动信息。 常用句式：I am writing to ...；It is ... for sb. to ...；I would rather ... than ...；I hope you can ... 1. 假定你是李华。学校将举行“Growing Up with Responsibility”十八岁成人礼主题班会。请给外籍教师Ms Green写邮件，邀请她参加并介绍时间地点、活动内容和你的期待。词数80个左右。 作答区（约80词）： Dear Ms Green, ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 写作点拨：要点：邀请目的→时间地点与活动→期待回复；语气礼貌自然。 2. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Sam总是边写作业边刷短视频，常常错过截止日期。请给他写邮件，说明问题并提出两条可操作的自我管理建议。词数80个左右。 作答区（约80词）： Dear Sam, ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 写作点拨：要点：理解处境→两项可执行建议→积极收尾；避免说教。 辨析 01 approve / approval / approve of 词或结构 用法 例句 approve a plan 及物动词：批准方案 The school approved the project. approve of sth. 赞成某事或做法 I approve of the new routine. win approval 获得认可 Her idea won teachers' approval. 记忆：approve sth. 可表“批准”；approve of sb./sth. 表“赞同”；approval 为名词。 辨析 02 -ed 形容词 vs -ing 形容词 词对 -ed（感受状态） -ing（引发感受） motivate motivated 积极的 motivating 鼓舞人的 distract distracted 分心的 distracting 使人分心的 embarrass embarrassed 尴尬的 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 记忆：motivated 是“有积极性的”；motivating 是“激励人的”；同理 distracting / distracted。 辨析 03 to 后接 doing 还是 do 结构 to 的性质 例句 be committed to doing 介词 to + doing She is committed to improving. be used to doing 介词 to + doing He is used to saving money. decide to do 不定式 to + do They decided to switch off alerts. 记忆：devote oneself to doing 中 to 为介词；tempt sb. to do 中 to 为不定式。 辨析 04 lay aside / put aside 短语 侧重点 例句 lay aside 暂时放下或搁置 Lay aside your worries for now. put aside 存钱；留出时间或资源 She put aside part of her wages. throw in the towel 认输，与前两者不同 Do not throw in the towel. 记忆：lay aside 常指把事物暂时搁置；put aside 可指存钱或暂放；都要结合语境判断。 辨析 05 It is ... to do / find it ... to do 结构 句法功能 例句 It is + adj. + to do it 为形式主语 It is hard to avoid distractions. find it + adj. + to do it 为形式宾语 I find it hard to save money. It is + adj. + for sb. 明确不定式逻辑主语 It is vital for us to plan ahead. 记忆：It is difficult to do 中 it 为形式主语；find it difficult to do 中 it 为形式宾语。 题型 考查内容 示例 建议题量/难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 词义 根据语境拼写 integrity、deadline 10题 / ★ 单句语法填空 词形变化 + 固定搭配 motivate（词形变化） 10题 / ★★ 完成句子 句型运用 It is ... for sb. to ...（句型运用） 8题 / ★★ 选词填空 语境选词 + 变形 从 virtue、switch 等选词 8题 / ★★ 单项选择 易混辨析 + 搭配 介词搭配 / 非谓语动词 / 形容词辨析 10题 / ★★ 句型转换 同义结构改写 prefer doing to doing ⇄ would rather do than do 5题 / ★★★ 短语翻译 固定搭配记忆 汉译英：为……负责 10题 / ★ 词义配对 词义 / 搭配连线 have a say—有发言权 8题 / ★ 技巧 一句话要点 听力——先读题干预判 听前预判任务和人物关系；听清 but / however / actually 后的修正信息。 词汇拼写——派生词规律 先判词性再派生：approve 等结合句法位置确定形式。 短语搭配——to 后接 doing 陷阱 辨清介词 to 后的 doing 与不定式 to do；看固定搭配和动作时间。 介词填空——固定搭配优先 整组记忆介词位置；动词与宾语之间不能凭汉语习惯随意加介词。 易混词辨析——按对象判断 辨析同义短语的对象、语义和搭配方式，再代入语境。 -ed/-ing 形容词——人-ed 物-ing -ed 表感受状态，-ing 表引发感受的特征；根据语义判定。 完形填空——先通读再选 完形先抓 responsibility / deadline / motivation 等主题，再分析指代、逻辑和情绪变化。 阅读理解——题干定位+同义替换 阅读回文定位同义替换；核对范围、转折和观点，不臆断。 七选五——衔接词+主题句 七选五关注段落主旨句以及指代、转折、因果与例证衔接。 语法填空——先判词性再变形 语篇填空先判句法功能，再审视时态、非谓语、冠词与介词。 长难句——成分分析 长难句先找主谓宾，再区分从句、非谓语和插入语。 书面表达——模板+高级句式 应用文围绕目的、关键信息和得体结尾组织，避免拼凑高级词汇。 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。 1．A sense of personal ____________ (责任) helps young people realise that freedom also involves considering the effects of their decisions on others. 2．To meet the approaching ____________ (截止日期), the group created a weekly timetable and agreed to check one another's progress. 3．The head teacher praised the student's ____________ (正直，诚实) after she returned a wallet she had found in the corridor. 4．The school developed a new ____________ (惯例，习惯) to help students balance academic work, sport and social activities more effectively. 5．Several students explained that reducing screen time gave them greater ____________ (动力) to read books and participate in outdoor activities. 6．The school asked parents to ____________ (批准) the revised arrangements before students joined the residential programme. 7．The speaker stressed the importance of equal ____________ (使用机会) to digital learning resources for teenagers in different areas. 8．The results were surprising, but the teacher reminded the class that changing a long-established habit requires ____________ (投入；决心). 9．The teenagers discussed the possible ____________ (后果) of spending more money than they could afford on online games. 10．The counsellor encouraged everyone to ____________ (珍视) close relationships rather than measure personal success only by possessions. 【题型二】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空；无提示词的空格填入一个适当的词。 1．Students who are highly ____________ (motivate) often find it easier to continue working when the first attempt does not succeed. 2．After the class discussion, we agreed that the rules should be explained more ____________ (clear) to younger students. 3．The programme reminded teenagers ____________ (think) carefully before sharing personal information on social media platforms. 4．It was only after she had missed several deadlines ____________ Maya decided to make a more realistic study schedule. 5．The volunteer devoted most of her weekends ____________ helping residents learn to use digital services at the community centre. 6．With their phones ____________ (switch) off, the students were able to focus on their discussion without interruption. 7．The advice was so practical that everyone agreed it was well worth ____________ (try), even if the change might be difficult at first. 8．Not only the students but also their teacher ____________ (be) surprised by how much the class enjoyed the offline activities. 9．Many teenagers are now more aware ____________ the need to protect their privacy when they use different online services. 10．The club launched a project ____________ (aim) at helping younger students develop confidence and a sense of responsibility. 【题型三】完成句子 1．在老师的建议下，她发现把手机放在书包里有助于集中注意力。（find + it + adj. + to do） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 2．不仅学生们，而且他们的班主任也支持这个减少屏幕时间的计划。（not only ... but also；就近原则） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 3．他宁愿每周储蓄一部分零花钱，也不愿把钱全部花在网络游戏上。（would rather） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 4．只有承担起家庭责任以后，她才真正理解成年意味着什么。（only 倒装） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 5．由于通知已关闭，这些学生能够专心完成作业。（with 复合结构） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 6．对年轻人来说，在作出重要决定前考虑后果是必要的。（It is + adj. + for sb.） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 7．正是那次社会实践活动让他认识到诚实和责任的重要性。（强调句） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 8．比起不断抱怨时间不够，她更喜欢提前规划好每天的任务。（prefer doing to doing） ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $