Unit 9 Travel Around（复习讲义)英语新教材鲁教版九年级全一册

Unit 9 Travel Around（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.词汇：掌握故宫、福建土楼、三大名楼、曲阜三孔等景点专有名词；积累 dynasty、tomb、mansion、heritage 等历史文化词汇，以及 package tour、scenic spot 等旅行相关短语。 2. 语法：巩固一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的结构与用法，辨析 already、ever、never、yet、since 等标志词的使用；理解一般现在时被动语态在景点介绍中的应用。 3. 技能：听力能抓取旅行计划、景点讲解中的地点、时间、建筑特色等关键信息；阅读能读懂古迹介绍类文本，定位建造时间、规模、历史价值等细节，概括段落主旨；口语能谈论旅行计划、简单介绍景点；写作能完成旅行书信，分享游览经历与感悟。 4. 文化知识：了解长城、曲阜三孔、苏州园林等中国文化遗产的基本常识，认识中外标志性建筑与背后的历史文化背景。 复习重难点 重点：旅行与历史文化主题词汇的语境运用；三大时态（一般过去、一般将来、现在完成时）的结构辨析与正确使用；景点介绍类文本的细节定位与主旨概括；用英语谈论旅行计划、描述景点特色。 难点：准确区分现在完成时与一般过去时的用法，熟练运用 since、already、yet 等标志词；掌握一般现在时被动语态的结构，在景点介绍中正确使用；用英语逻辑清晰地介绍古迹的历史、规模与文化价值，完成旅行类书信的规范写作。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：The Great Wall is the longest man-made wall in the world. 长城是世界上最长的人造城墙。 【知识点】 1.形容词最高级 三者或三者以上的人 / 事物进行比较，表示 “最…… 的”，要用形容词最高级形式。 结构：定冠词the + 形容词最高级 + 被修饰名词 + 范围短语（in/of） in 后接大范畴（地点、集体），如 in our class, in China of 后接同类事物，如 of all the students, of the three buildings 例句：Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 She is the most careful girl of us four. 她是我们四个人中最细心的女孩。 2.复合形容词作定语 “名词 + 动词过去分词” 用连字符 - 连接，构成复合形容词，放在名词前作定语，表被动含义。 同类词：well-known（著名的）、warm-hearted（热心的）、ice-covered（冰封的） 例句：This is a well-known story about ancient China. 这是一个关于中国古代的著名故事。 We should protect these ice-covered lakes. 我们应该保护这些冰封的湖泊。 【即时小练】 — What do you know about the Great Wall? — It is ______ longest ______ wall in the world. A. the; man-made B. /; man made C. the; man making D. /; man-made 知识点2：The Great Wall is made of stones, bricks and many other materials. 长城由石头、砖块和许多其他材料建造而成。 【知识点】 be made 相关短语辨析 短语 含义 用法要点 例句 be made of 由…… 制成 制成品能直接看出原材料（以物理变化为主） The chair is made of bamboo. 这把椅子是竹子做的。 be made from 由…… 制成 制成品看不出原材料（发生化学变化） Bread is made from wheat. 面包是小麦做的。 be made in 在…… 制造 后接地点，强调生产地 This toy is made in Guangdong. 这个玩具是广东制造的。 be made by 由…… 制作 后接人或机构，强调制作者 The cake is made by my mom. 这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。 【即时小练】 — The Great Wall is famous around the world. Do you know what it is made of? — It’s mainly made of stones and bricks. By the way, do you know that paper is ______ wood? A. made of B. made from C. made in D. made by 知识点3：The main reason for building the Great Wall was to protect the country in ancient times. 古代修建长城的主要原因是保卫国家。 【知识点】 1.the reason for (doing) sth 固定搭配 例句：The main reason for his success is his hard work. 他成功的主要原因是他的努力。 2.动词不定式作表语 当句子主语是 reason（原因）、purpose（目的）、dream（梦想）、job（工作）、aim（目标）这类表示 “内容、用途、目的” 的名词时，常用动词不定式（to do）作表语，用来解释说明主语的具体内容。 例句：My dream is to be an astronaut when I grow up. 我的梦想是长大后成为一名宇航员。 The purpose of the meeting is to make a new plan. 这次会议的目的是制定新计划。 【即时小练】 The main reason ______ this paper-cutting show is ______ students' interest in traditional Chinese art. A. for holding; improve B. for holding; to improve C. of holding; improving D. to hold; improve 知识点4：Qufu is known as the birthplace of the great educator Confucius. 曲阜被誉为伟大教育家孔子的故乡。 【知识点】 1.be known 相关短语辨析 短语 含义 用法要点 例句 be known as 作为…… 而出名；被誉为 后接身份、职业、称号、地位 Mo Yan is known as a great writer. 莫言作为一名伟大的作家而闻名。 be known for 因…… 而出名 后接特色、特产、事件、原因 Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers. 桂林因秀美的山水而闻名。 be known to 为…… 所熟知 后接人，表示 “被某人知晓” The old story is known to most Chinese people. 这个古老的故事为大多数中国人所熟知。 2.同位语 一个名词（或短语）紧跟在另一个名词后面，对其进行解释、补充说明，这个成分就叫同位语，二者所指的是同一个人或事物。 句中解析：the great educator（伟大的教育家）就是 Confucius 的同位语，用来补充说明孔子的身份，让句子信息更完整。 例句：We Chinese people are hard-working. 我们中国人民勤劳肯干。（Chinese people 是 we 的同位语） I visited the old town Lijiang last summer. 去年夏天我游览了丽江古城。（the old town 是 Lijiang 的同位语） 3.of 所有格（无生命事物的所属关系） 规则：表示无生命事物的 “…… 的”，不用's 所有格，要用 名词 + of + 名词 的结构。 例句：The capital of China is Beijing. 中国的首都是北京。 2The meaning of the word is easy to understand. 这个单词的意思很容易理解。 【即时小练】 — Do you know anything about Qufu? — Yes. It is ______ the birthplace of Confucius, and it is also ______ its deep Confucian culture. A. known as; known for B. known for; known as C. known as; known to D. known to; known for 知识点5：The Confucius Temple was first built in the Zhou Dynasty. 孔庙始建于周朝。 【知识点】 一般过去时的被动语态 主语是动作的承受者，且动作发生在过去的时间，需要用一般过去时的被动语态。 基本结构：主语 + was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 主语为单数 / 不可数名词时用 was，复数时用 were 例句：The old stone bridge was built by villagers 200 years ago. 这座古老的石桥是村民们 200 年前修建的。 主动→被动转换示例： 主动句：People first built the Confucius Temple in the Zhou Dynasty. 人们最初在周朝建造了孔庙。 被动句：The Confucius Temple was first built in the Zhou Dynasty. 孔庙始建于周朝。 【即时小练】 — Do you know when the first paper ______ in China? — It is said that it appeared in ______ Han Dynasty. A. invented; the B. was invented; the C. invented; / D. was invented; / 知识点6：The Cemetery of Confucius is one of the greatest family tombs in China. 孔林是中国规模最大的家族墓地之一。 【知识点】 one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 结构要求： 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the； 后面的名词必须用复数形式（因为是 “众多最…… 事物里的一个”）。 主谓一致：该结构作主语时，核心主语是 one，因此谓语动词要用单数形式。 例句：The West Lake is one of the most beautiful lakes in our country. 西湖是我国最美的湖泊之一。 【即时小练】 — What do you know about the Cemetery of Confucius? — It is one of ______ largest and oldest ______ in China. A. the; tomb B. /; tombs C. the; tombs D. /; tomb 知识点7：Sankong is a world cultural heritage site which attracts lots of tourists every year. 三孔是一处世界文化遗产地，每年吸引大量游客。 【知识点】 1.attract /əˈtrækt/ 动词（v.） 释义：吸引；引起 词形变化：attracts（三单形式），attraction（n. 吸引力；景点） 2.which 引导的限制性定语从句 用来修饰前面表示事物的名词（先行词），对其进行限定说明；关系代词 which 指代先行词，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 例句：The book which tells about ancient China is very popular. 这本讲述中国古代的书非常受欢迎。（which 作主语） The letter which I received yesterday was from my pen pal. 我昨天收到的那封信来自我的笔友。（which 作宾语，可省略） 【即时小练】 Mount Huang ______ a world-famous natural heritage site ______ thousands of visitors every year. A. is; which attract B. is; which attracts C. are; that attract D. are; that attracts 知识点8：The Confucius family paid great attention to their children's education. 孔子家族十分重视子女的教育。 【知识点】 1.education /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ 不可数名词（n.） 词根关联：动词 educate（教育）+ 名词后缀 -tion 关联词汇：educator n. 教育家 2.pay attention to 注意.... 例句：You should pay attention to listening to the teacher in class. 你上课应该注意听讲。 【即时小练】 Our teacher always tells us to pay attention ______ carefully while doing science experiments. A. Listen B. to listen C. to listening D. listening 知识点9：We are proud of the Great Wall, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. 我们为世界七大奇迹之一的长城感到自豪。 【知识点】 be proud of 与 take pride in 同义转换 be proud of：形容词短语，proud 是形容词，前面接 be 动词。 take pride in：动词短语，pride 是名词（骄傲、自豪），前面用实义动词 take。 互换例句： We are proud of our country. = We take pride in our country. 我们为我们的国家感到自豪。 【即时小练】 — The Great Wall is great. Do you know it? — Yes. It is ______ one of the Seven Wonders of the World, and we Chinese are all proud ______ it. A. /; of B. the; of C. /; for D. the; for 知识点10：The Cemetery of Confucius is so large that most tourists take a bus to tour it. 孔林面积非常大，大多数游客都乘坐巴士游览。 【知识点】 1.so...that... 引导的结果状语从句 基本结构：so + 形容词 / 副词 + that + 陈述句 含义：如此…… 以至于……，that 引导的完整句子表示前面的程度所带来的必然结果。 例句：The Great Wall is so famous that millions of visitors come every year. 长城如此有名，以至于每年有数百万游客前来。 2.take + 交通工具 + to do sth 结构 例句：We take a train to visit our grandparents.我们坐火车去看望爷爷奶奶。 【即时小练】 — Why do most people ______ a bus to visit the Cemetery of Confucius? — Because it is ______ large that walking around takes too much time. A. take; so B. by; so C. take; such D. by; such 单元语法：三大时态辨析、现在完成时标志词、被动语态 【知识点1】三大时态辨析 （1）一般过去时 核心用法：描述过去某个确定时间发生、已经结束的动作或状态，动作和现在没有直接关联。 时间标志词：yesterday, last year/week, ...ago, in + 过去年份 / 朝代，just now 谓语结构： be 动词：was /were 实义动词：动词过去式（分规则变化和不规则变化） 补充例句： ① I went to Xi’an with my family last year. ② The Confucius Temple was first built in the Zhou Dynasty. （2）一般将来时 核心用法：描述将来要发生的动作、计划或打算。 时间标志词：tomorrow, soon, next month, tomorrow morning, in the future 核心结构： ① will + 动词原形：表示客观上将要发生的事、临时做出的决定，或对未来的预测。 例句：We will visit the Terracotta Army next week. ② be going to + 动词原形：表示事先计划好的打算，或根据迹象判断即将发生的事。 例句：We are going to climb Mount Tai this weekend. 补充考点：come、go、leave 等位移动词，可用现在进行时（am/is/are + doing） 表将来。 例句：The bus is arriving in ten minutes. （3）现在完成时 用法 1：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 用法 2：动作从过去持续到现在。 谓语结构：have /has + 动词过去分词 高频易混考点： have been to：去过某地（人已返回），常和 ever、never 搭配 have gone to：去了某地（人未返回，不在说话现场） 补充例句： ① Have you ever been to the Great Wall? ② She has gone to Shanghai on business. （4）情态动词 + 动词原形 规则：can、may、must 等情态动词后必须接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 例句：Visitors can take a bus to tour the old town. 【知识点2】现在完成时标志词 单词 含义 适用句型 句中位置 例句 ever 曾经 疑问句 助动词 have/has 与过去分词之间 Have you ever been abroad? never 从未 否定句 助动词 have/has 与过去分词之间 I have never been to Paris before. already 已经 肯定句 助动词 have/has 与过去分词之间（也可放句末） I have already finished my presentation. yet 还；仍 否定句 / 疑问句 必须放在句末 Nina hasn’t found her bag yet. since 自从…… 以来 各种句型 后接过去时间点，主句用现在完成时 I have lived in this town since five years ago. 【知识点3】被动语态 （1）一般现在时的被动语态 结构：am /is/are + 过去分词 用法：描述客观事实、公认的身份或属性 单元高频固定搭配： be known as 作为…… 而闻名 be regarded as 被认为是…… be used for 被用于…… 例句：The Great Wall is known as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. （2） 一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was /were + 过去分词 用法：描述过去发生的被动动作 例句：The old bridge was built over 300 years ago. 【即时小练】 一、单项选择（共 5 小题） 1. — ______ you ever ______ to Stonehenge? — No, I haven’t. I hope to visit it one day. A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Have; been D. Have; gone 2. My family ______ around the ancient city by bike last Sunday. A. travel B. travelled C. will travel D. are travelling 3. — Have you finished your report ______? — Yes, I have ______ finished it. A. already; yet B. yet; already C. ever; never D. since; already 4. The old tower ______ hundreds of years ago. A. was built B. is built C. built D. builds 5. — What’s your plan for the coming holiday? — I ______ my grandparents in the countryside. A. visit B. visited C. am going to visit D. was visiting 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空（共 3 小题） 6. I ____________ (live) in this small town since I was born. 7. The Great Wall ____________ (know) as a world-famous wonder all over the world. 8. We ____________ (climb) Mount Tai if it is sunny tomorrow. 三、句型转换（共 2 小题） 9. People built the old palace in the Ming Dynasty.（改为被动语态） The old palace ____________ ____________ in the Ming Dynasty. 10. I have already read this book about the Confucius Temple.（改为否定句） I ____________ read this book about the Confucius Temple ____________. 1、 单项选择题。 The ancient temple ______ back to the 6th century and it has a long history. A. dates B. is dating C. dated D. will date 2. Confucius was a great ______ who had a deep influence on Chinese culture. A. education B. educator C. educate D. educational 3. The old stone bridge ______ badly by the heavy rain last month. A. damaged B. is damaged C. was damaged D. damages 4. Every year, ______ visitors come to visit the world cultural heritage site. A. dozen of B. dozens of C. dozen D. two dozens 5. The problems discussed at the meeting are all closely ______ cultural protection. A. related to B. famous for C. known as D. made of 6. My family has lived in the ______ part of the province for over twenty years. A. southwest B. southwestern C. southwestward D. south 7. — Have you ever heard of the Terracotta Army? — Yes. It is one of ______ historical wonders in China. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 8. The small town has won great ______ for its beautiful ancient buildings. A. fame B. name C. prize D. praise 9. This travel guide ______ many introductions to local cultural heritage sites. A. features B. is featured C. featuring D. feature 10. It is ______ an amazing cultural heritage ______ millions of tourists come to visit it every year. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 二、根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. /ˈedʒukeɪtə(r)/ n. 教育家；教育工作者 Confucius is considered to be the greatest ______ in ancient China. 2. /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产（国家或社会的文化产物） The local government is making rules to protect the cultural ______ in the old town. 3. /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n.（有形的）损坏；破坏 The strong wind caused serious ______ to the ancient wooden house last night. 4. The museum shop sold three ______ (一打；十二个) postcards with patterns of the Great Wall yesterday. 5. The main ______ (特点；特征) of the Confucius Temple is its beautiful ancient wooden structure. 6. During the traditional festival, people put all kinds of ______ (供品；祭品) in front of the old stone statue. 7. Kunming, the capital of Yunnan, lies in the s______ part of China. 8. Most of the stories in this book are r______ to ancient Chinese history and culture. 9. The small city has won international f______ for its well-kept ancient streets. 10. The history of this old temple d______ back to the early Tang Dynasty. 三、 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1. Confucius is one of the most famous ______ (educate)in ancient China. 2.This study shows that sleeping habits are ______ (relate) to students’ health. 3. It is reported that many old houses ______ (damage)in the earthquake last week. 4. Every spring, ______ (dozen)of tourists come to enjoy the cherry blossoms. 5. The old city ______ (feature)a lot of ancient streets and traditional buildings. 6. The place has gained international ______ (fame)because of the world heritage site. 7. The history of the temple ______ (date) back to over 2,000 years ago. 8. Guizhou Province lies in the ______ (southwest) part of China. 9.During the festival, people leave different kinds of ______ (offer) at the temple. 10.This famous cultural heritage ______ (build) in the 13th century.四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.昆明位于中国的西南部。 Kunming is in the ______ of China. 2. 这位老教师把一生都奉献给了教育事业，是一位受人尊敬的教育家。 The old teacher devoted all his life to teaching and he is a respected ______. 3. 这座古城的历史可以追溯到唐朝。 The history of the ancient city can ______ ______ to the Tang Dynasty. 4. 我们必须采取措施保护文化遗产，避免其遭到破坏。 We must take action to protect cultural heritage and prevent it from being ______. 5. 长城是中国最著名的文化遗产之一。 The Great Wall is one of the most famous cultural ______ in China. 6. 很多传统节日都和古老的传说有关。 Many traditional festivals are ______ ______ ancient legends. 7. 这个村庄因其古老的石桥而远近闻名。 The village has won its ______ for its old stone bridges. 8. 一打啤酒正好是十二瓶。 A ______ of beer is exactly twelve bottles. 9. 这座宫殿的主要特色是金色的屋顶。 The main ______ of the palace is its golden roof. 10. 人们会在庙里摆放供品来表达敬意。 People place ______ in the temple to show their respect. 五、完型填空。 Qufu is a city in the 1 part of Shandong Province. It is widely 2 as the birthplace of Confucius, a great ancient Chinese 3 . Sankong, which includes the Confucius Temple, the Confucius Mansion and the Cemetery of Confucius, is the most famous place in Qufu. It is a world cultural 4 and has won great 5 around the world. The Confucius Temple is very large and can 6 back to the Zhou Dynasty. The old buildings were once 7 in wars, but later they were repaired. A lot of people come to visit Sankong every year. 8 of tourists come here during holidays. The city 9 many ancient buildings and traditional culture. Most of the visitors are interested in things 10 to Confucius and Chinese history. 1. A. southwest B. southwestern C. south D. southern 2. A. known B. made C. taken D. regarded 3. A. educator B. doctor C. worker D. artist 4. A. damage B. offering C. heritage D. feature 5. A. prize B. fame C. name D. praise 6. A. go B. come C. date D. walk 7. A. damaged B. built C. protected D. kept 8. A. Dozen B. Dozens C. Two dozen D. Two dozens 9. A. features B. is featured C. featuring D. feature 10. A. done B. made C. related D. left 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Travel Around（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.词汇：掌握故宫、福建土楼、三大名楼、曲阜三孔等景点专有名词；积累 dynasty、tomb、mansion、heritage 等历史文化词汇，以及 package tour、scenic spot 等旅行相关短语。 2. 语法：巩固一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的结构与用法，辨析 already、ever、never、yet、since 等标志词的使用；理解一般现在时被动语态在景点介绍中的应用。 3. 技能：听力能抓取旅行计划、景点讲解中的地点、时间、建筑特色等关键信息；阅读能读懂古迹介绍类文本，定位建造时间、规模、历史价值等细节，概括段落主旨；口语能谈论旅行计划、简单介绍景点；写作能完成旅行书信，分享游览经历与感悟。 4. 文化知识：了解长城、曲阜三孔、苏州园林等中国文化遗产的基本常识，认识中外标志性建筑与背后的历史文化背景。 复习重难点 重点：旅行与历史文化主题词汇的语境运用；三大时态（一般过去、一般将来、现在完成时）的结构辨析与正确使用；景点介绍类文本的细节定位与主旨概括；用英语谈论旅行计划、描述景点特色。 难点：准确区分现在完成时与一般过去时的用法，熟练运用 since、already、yet 等标志词；掌握一般现在时被动语态的结构，在景点介绍中正确使用；用英语逻辑清晰地介绍古迹的历史、规模与文化价值，完成旅行类书信的规范写作。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：The Great Wall is the longest man-made wall in the world. 长城是世界上最长的人造城墙。 【知识点】 1.形容词最高级 三者或三者以上的人 / 事物进行比较，表示 “最…… 的”，要用形容词最高级形式。 结构：定冠词the + 形容词最高级 + 被修饰名词 + 范围短语（in/of） in 后接大范畴（地点、集体），如 in our class, in China of 后接同类事物，如 of all the students, of the three buildings 例句：Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 She is the most careful girl of us four. 她是我们四个人中最细心的女孩。 2.复合形容词作定语 “名词 + 动词过去分词” 用连字符 - 连接，构成复合形容词，放在名词前作定语，表被动含义。 同类词：well-known（著名的）、warm-hearted（热心的）、ice-covered（冰封的） 例句：This is a well-known story about ancient China. 这是一个关于中国古代的著名故事。 We should protect these ice-covered lakes. 我们应该保护这些冰封的湖泊。 【即时小练】 — What do you know about the Great Wall? — It is ______ longest ______ wall in the world. A. the; man-made B. /; man made C. the; man making D. /; man-made 【答案】A 【详解】第一空：考查形容词最高级的用法。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the，longest 是 long 的最高级，因此前面要加 the，排除 B、D 两项。 第二空：考查复合形容词作定语。修饰名词 wall 需要用形容词，man-made 是规范的复合形容词，意为 “人造的”，符合语法和句意；man made 是动词短语，不能作前置定语；man making 语义不通，排除 C 选项。 完整句意：—— 你对长城有哪些了解？—— 它是世界上最长的人造城墙。 知识点2：The Great Wall is made of stones, bricks and many other materials. 长城由石头、砖块和许多其他材料建造而成。 【知识点】 be made 相关短语辨析 短语 含义 用法要点 例句 be made of 由…… 制成 制成品能直接看出原材料（以物理变化为主） The chair is made of bamboo. 这把椅子是竹子做的。 be made from 由…… 制成 制成品看不出原材料（发生化学变化） Bread is made from wheat. 面包是小麦做的。 be made in 在…… 制造 后接地点，强调生产地 This toy is made in Guangdong. 这个玩具是广东制造的。 be made by 由…… 制作 后接人或机构，强调制作者 The cake is made by my mom. 这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。 【即时小练】 — The Great Wall is famous around the world. Do you know what it is made of? — It’s mainly made of stones and bricks. By the way, do you know that paper is ______ wood? A. made of B. made from C. made in D. made by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 长城举世闻名。你知道它是用什么建成的吗？—— 它主要由石头和砖块建成。顺便问一下，你知道纸是由木头制成的吗？ A. made of：用于能直接看出原材料的情况，纸成品无法直接看出木头的形态，不符合，排除； B. made from：用于看不出原材料、发生化学变化的制成品，纸由木材加工而成，肉眼无法直接看出原材料，符合用法，为正确答案； C. made in：后接地点，表示 “在某地制造”，空格后是 wood（原材料），不是地点，排除； D. made by：后接人或机构，表示 “由某人制作”，空格后不是制作者，排除。 知识点3：The main reason for building the Great Wall was to protect the country in ancient times. 古代修建长城的主要原因是保卫国家。 【知识点】 1.the reason for (doing) sth 固定搭配 例句：The main reason for his success is his hard work. 他成功的主要原因是他的努力。 2.动词不定式作表语 当句子主语是 reason（原因）、purpose（目的）、dream（梦想）、job（工作）、aim（目标）这类表示 “内容、用途、目的” 的名词时，常用动词不定式（to do）作表语，用来解释说明主语的具体内容。 例句：My dream is to be an astronaut when I grow up. 我的梦想是长大后成为一名宇航员。 The purpose of the meeting is to make a new plan. 这次会议的目的是制定新计划。 【即时小练】 The main reason ______ this paper-cutting show is ______ students' interest in traditional Chinese art. A. for holding; improve B. for holding; to improve C. of holding; improving D. to hold; improve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：举办这次剪纸展的主要原因是提升学生对中国传统艺术的兴趣。 第一空：考查固定搭配。表达 “做某事的原因” 用 the reason for doing sth，介词 for 后接动名词，排除 C、D 选项。 第二空：考查不定式作表语。句子主语是 the main reason，需要用动词不定式 to improve 作表语，解释说明原因的具体内容，排除 A 选项。 知识点4：Qufu is known as the birthplace of the great educator Confucius. 曲阜被誉为伟大教育家孔子的故乡。 【知识点】 1.be known 相关短语辨析 短语 含义 用法要点 例句 be known as 作为…… 而出名；被誉为 后接身份、职业、称号、地位 Mo Yan is known as a great writer. 莫言作为一名伟大的作家而闻名。 be known for 因…… 而出名 后接特色、特产、事件、原因 Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers. 桂林因秀美的山水而闻名。 be known to 为…… 所熟知 后接人，表示 “被某人知晓” The old story is known to most Chinese people. 这个古老的故事为大多数中国人所熟知。 2.同位语 一个名词（或短语）紧跟在另一个名词后面，对其进行解释、补充说明，这个成分就叫同位语，二者所指的是同一个人或事物。 句中解析：the great educator（伟大的教育家）就是 Confucius 的同位语，用来补充说明孔子的身份，让句子信息更完整。 例句：We Chinese people are hard-working. 我们中国人民勤劳肯干。（Chinese people 是 we 的同位语） I visited the old town Lijiang last summer. 去年夏天我游览了丽江古城。（the old town 是 Lijiang 的同位语） 3.of 所有格（无生命事物的所属关系） 规则：表示无生命事物的 “…… 的”，不用's 所有格，要用 名词 + of + 名词 的结构。 例句：The capital of China is Beijing. 中国的首都是北京。 2The meaning of the word is easy to understand. 这个单词的意思很容易理解。 【即时小练】 — Do you know anything about Qufu? — Yes. It is ______ the birthplace of Confucius, and it is also ______ its deep Confucian culture. A. known as; known for B. known for; known as C. known as; known to D. known to; known for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 你了解曲阜吗？—— 了解。它被誉为孔子的故乡，也因其深厚的儒家文化而闻名。 第一空：空格后 the birthplace of Confucius 是曲阜的身份定位，表示 “作为…… 而闻名”，要用 be known as，排除 B、D 选项。 第二空：空格后 its deep Confucian culture 是曲阜出名的原因、特色，表示 “因…… 而出名”，要用 be known for，排除 C 选项。 知识点5：The Confucius Temple was first built in the Zhou Dynasty. 孔庙始建于周朝。 【知识点】 一般过去时的被动语态 主语是动作的承受者，且动作发生在过去的时间，需要用一般过去时的被动语态。 基本结构：主语 + was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 主语为单数 / 不可数名词时用 was，复数时用 were 例句：The old stone bridge was built by villagers 200 years ago. 这座古老的石桥是村民们 200 年前修建的。 主动→被动转换示例： 主动句：People first built the Confucius Temple in the Zhou Dynasty. 人们最初在周朝建造了孔庙。 被动句：The Confucius Temple was first built in the Zhou Dynasty. 孔庙始建于周朝。 【即时小练】 — Do you know when the first paper ______ in China? — It is said that it appeared in ______ Han Dynasty. A. invented; the B. was invented; the C. invented; / D. was invented; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 你知道中国最早的纸是什么时候发明的吗？—— 据说出现于汉朝。 第一空：考查一般过去时的被动语态。paper（纸）和 invent（发明）是被动关系，即 “纸被发明”，且发明发生在古代，要用一般过去时被动结构 was invented，排除 A、C 选项。 第二空：考查朝代专有名词的用法。朝代名称前必须加定冠词 the，即 the Han Dynasty（汉朝），排除 D 选项。 知识点6：The Cemetery of Confucius is one of the greatest family tombs in China. 孔林是中国规模最大的家族墓地之一。 【知识点】 one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 结构要求： 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the； 后面的名词必须用复数形式（因为是 “众多最…… 事物里的一个”）。 主谓一致：该结构作主语时，核心主语是 one，因此谓语动词要用单数形式。 例句：The West Lake is one of the most beautiful lakes in our country. 西湖是我国最美的湖泊之一。 【即时小练】 — What do you know about the Cemetery of Confucius? — It is one of ______ largest and oldest ______ in China. A. the; tomb B. /; tombs C. the; tombs D. /; tomb 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 你对孔林有什么了解？—— 它是中国规模最大、历史最悠久的墓地之一。 第一空：考查形容词最高级的用法。形容词最高级 largest 和 oldest 前面必须加定冠词 the，排除 B、D 选项。 第二空：考查 one of 结构的名词形式。one of 表示 “…… 之一”，后面必须接可数名词的复数形式，因此用 tombs，排除 A 选项。 知识点7：Sankong is a world cultural heritage site which attracts lots of tourists every year. 三孔是一处世界文化遗产地，每年吸引大量游客。 【知识点】 1.attract /əˈtrækt/ 动词（v.） 释义：吸引；引起 词形变化：attracts（三单形式），attraction（n. 吸引力；景点） 2.which 引导的限制性定语从句 用来修饰前面表示事物的名词（先行词），对其进行限定说明；关系代词 which 指代先行词，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 例句：The book which tells about ancient China is very popular. 这本讲述中国古代的书非常受欢迎。（which 作主语） The letter which I received yesterday was from my pen pal. 我昨天收到的那封信来自我的笔友。（which 作宾语，可省略） 【即时小练】 Mount Huang ______ a world-famous natural heritage site ______ thousands of visitors every year. A. is; which attract B. is; which attracts C. are; that attract D. are; that attracts 【答案】B 【详解】句意：黄山是一处世界闻名的自然遗产地，每年吸引成千上万的游客。 第一空：考查主谓一致。主语 Mount Huang（黄山）是单数专有名词，系动词用 is，排除 C、D 选项。 第二空：考查定语从句的主谓一致。先行词 site 是单数名词，关系代词 which 指代 site 作从句主语，因此从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式 attracts，排除 A 选项。 知识点8：The Confucius family paid great attention to their children's education. 孔子家族十分重视子女的教育。 【知识点】 1.education /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ 不可数名词（n.） 词根关联：动词 educate（教育）+ 名词后缀 -tion 关联词汇：educator n. 教育家 2.pay attention to 注意.... 例句：You should pay attention to listening to the teacher in class. 你上课应该注意听讲。 【即时小练】 Our teacher always tells us to pay attention ______ carefully while doing science experiments. A. Listen B. to listen C. to listening D. listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们老师总是告诉我们，做科学实验时要注意仔细聆听操作要求。 核心规则：pay attention to 意为 “注意”，其中 to 是介词，后面接动词时必须用动名词（doing）形式。 C. to listening：符合 “pay attention to + 动名词” 的结构，为正确答案； 知识点9：We are proud of the Great Wall, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. 我们为世界七大奇迹之一的长城感到自豪。 【知识点】 be proud of 与 take pride in 同义转换 be proud of：形容词短语，proud 是形容词，前面接 be 动词。 take pride in：动词短语，pride 是名词（骄傲、自豪），前面用实义动词 take。 互换例句： We are proud of our country. = We take pride in our country. 我们为我们的国家感到自豪。 【即时小练】 — The Great Wall is great. Do you know it? — Yes. It is ______ one of the Seven Wonders of the World, and we Chinese are all proud ______ it. A. /; of B. the; of C. /; for D. the; for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 长城太了不起了。你了解它吗？—— 了解。它是世界七大奇迹之一，我们中国人都为它感到自豪。 第一空：考查同位语结构。one of the Seven Wonders of the World 直接作同位语补充说明长城的身份，前面不需要再加 be 动词或冠词，排除 B、D 选项。 第二空：考查固定搭配。“为…… 感到自豪” 的固定表达是 be proud of，介词用 of 而非 for，排除 C 选项。 知识点10：The Cemetery of Confucius is so large that most tourists take a bus to tour it. 孔林面积非常大，大多数游客都乘坐巴士游览。 【知识点】 1.so...that... 引导的结果状语从句 基本结构：so + 形容词 / 副词 + that + 陈述句 含义：如此…… 以至于……，that 引导的完整句子表示前面的程度所带来的必然结果。 例句：The Great Wall is so famous that millions of visitors come every year. 长城如此有名，以至于每年有数百万游客前来。 2.take + 交通工具 + to do sth 结构 例句：We take a train to visit our grandparents.我们坐火车去看望爷爷奶奶。 【即时小练】 — Why do most people ______ a bus to visit the Cemetery of Confucius? — Because it is ______ large that walking around takes too much time. A. take; so B. by; so C. take; such D. by; such 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 为什么大多数人坐公交车游览孔林？—— 因为它面积太大了，步行逛一圈要花太多时间。 第一空：考查句子成分。问句缺少谓语动词，“乘坐公交车” 作谓语要用动词短语 take a bus；by bus 是介词短语，只能作方式状语，不能独立作谓语，排除 B、D 选项。 第二空：考查 so/such 辨析。空格后是形容词 large，需要用副词 so 修饰，构成 so + 形容词 + that 的结果状语从句结构；such 后必须接名词短语，不符合此处结构，排除 C 选项。 单元语法：三大时态辨析、现在完成时标志词、被动语态 【知识点1】三大时态辨析 （1）一般过去时 核心用法：描述过去某个确定时间发生、已经结束的动作或状态，动作和现在没有直接关联。 时间标志词：yesterday, last year/week, ...ago, in + 过去年份 / 朝代，just now 谓语结构： be 动词：was /were 实义动词：动词过去式（分规则变化和不规则变化） 补充例句： ① I went to Xi’an with my family last year. ② The Confucius Temple was first built in the Zhou Dynasty. （2）一般将来时 核心用法：描述将来要发生的动作、计划或打算。 时间标志词：tomorrow, soon, next month, tomorrow morning, in the future 核心结构： ① will + 动词原形：表示客观上将要发生的事、临时做出的决定，或对未来的预测。 例句：We will visit the Terracotta Army next week. ② be going to + 动词原形：表示事先计划好的打算，或根据迹象判断即将发生的事。 例句：We are going to climb Mount Tai this weekend. 补充考点：come、go、leave 等位移动词，可用现在进行时（am/is/are + doing） 表将来。 例句：The bus is arriving in ten minutes. （3）现在完成时 用法 1：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 用法 2：动作从过去持续到现在。 谓语结构：have /has + 动词过去分词 高频易混考点： have been to：去过某地（人已返回），常和 ever、never 搭配 have gone to：去了某地（人未返回，不在说话现场） 补充例句： ① Have you ever been to the Great Wall? ② She has gone to Shanghai on business. （4）情态动词 + 动词原形 规则：can、may、must 等情态动词后必须接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 例句：Visitors can take a bus to tour the old town. 【知识点2】现在完成时标志词 单词 含义 适用句型 句中位置 例句 ever 曾经 疑问句 助动词 have/has 与过去分词之间 Have you ever been abroad? never 从未 否定句 助动词 have/has 与过去分词之间 I have never been to Paris before. already 已经 肯定句 助动词 have/has 与过去分词之间（也可放句末） I have already finished my presentation. yet 还；仍 否定句 / 疑问句 必须放在句末 Nina hasn’t found her bag yet. since 自从…… 以来 各种句型 后接过去时间点，主句用现在完成时 I have lived in this town since five years ago. 【知识点3】被动语态 （1）一般现在时的被动语态 结构：am /is/are + 过去分词 用法：描述客观事实、公认的身份或属性 单元高频固定搭配： be known as 作为…… 而闻名 be regarded as 被认为是…… be used for 被用于…… 例句：The Great Wall is known as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. （2） 一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was /were + 过去分词 用法：描述过去发生的被动动作 例句：The old bridge was built over 300 years ago. 【即时小练】 一、单项选择（共 5 小题） 1. — ______ you ever ______ to Stonehenge? — No, I haven’t. I hope to visit it one day. A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Have; been D. Have; gone 【答案】C 【详解】句中 ever 是现在完成时的标志词，询问 “是否去过某地” 用have been to（人已返回）；have gone to表示 “去了还没回来”，不符合对话语境。 2. My family ______ around the ancient city by bike last Sunday. A. travel B. travelled C. will travel D. are travelling 【答案】B 【详解】last Sunday 是明确的过去时间标志，句子要用一般过去时，travel 的过去式为 travelled。 3. — Have you finished your report ______? — Yes, I have ______ finished it. A. already; yet B. yet; already C. ever; never D. since; already 【答案】B 【详解】yet 用于否定句和疑问句，且放在句末；already 用于肯定句，放在助动词与过去分词之间。问句是疑问句，答句是肯定句，因此选 B。 4. The old tower ______ hundreds of years ago. A. was built B. is built C. built D. builds 【答案】A 【详解】主语 the old tower 和动词 build 是被动关系，hundreds of years ago 是过去时间，因此用一般过去时的被动语态was built。 5. — What’s your plan for the coming holiday? — I ______ my grandparents in the countryside. A. visit B. visited C. am going to visit D. was visiting 【答案】C 【详解】问句询问 “即将到来的假期的计划”，属于事先安排好的打算，用be going to + 动词原形的一般将来时结构。 二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空（共 3 小题） 6. I ____________ (live) in this small town since I was born. 【答案】have lived 【详解】since + 过去时间状语从句是现在完成时的标志，主语为 I，助动词用 have，live 的过去分词为 lived。 7. The Great Wall ____________ (know) as a world-famous wonder all over the world. 【答案】is known 【详解】句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 The Great Wall 和动词 know 是被动关系，构成be known as的固定搭配，因此填 is known。 8. We ____________ (climb) Mount Tai if it is sunny tomorrow. 【答案】will climb 【详解】if 引导的条件状语从句遵循 “主将从现” 规则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时will + 动词原形。 三、句型转换（共 2 小题） 9. People built the old palace in the Ming Dynasty.（改为被动语态） The old palace ____________ ____________ in the Ming Dynasty. 【答案】was built 【详解】原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态用一般过去时被动结构was/were + 过去分词；主语 the old palace 是单数，因此填 was built。 10. I have already read this book about the Confucius Temple.（改为否定句） I ____________ read this book about the Confucius Temple ____________. 【答案】haven’t; yet 【详解】现在完成时的否定句直接在 have 后加 not，缩写为 haven’t；否定句中表示 “还” 要用 yet，放在句末，同时原句的 already 要去掉。 1、 单项选择题。 The ancient temple ______ back to the 6th century and it has a long history. A. dates B. is dating C. dated D. will date 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定短语 date back to（追溯到）。该短语描述客观事实，通常用一般现在时；主语 the ancient temple 是单数，谓语动词用三单形式 dates。 2. Confucius was a great ______ who had a deep influence on Chinese culture. A. education B. educator C. educate D. educational 【答案】B 【详解】考查词性辨析。空格前有形容词 great，需要填名词表示人。 A. education 名词，意为 “教育”； B. educator 名词，意为 “教育家；教育工作者”，符合句意； C. educate 动词，意为 “教育”； D. educational 形容词，意为 “教育的”。 3. The old stone bridge ______ badly by the heavy rain last month. A. damaged B. is damaged C. was damaged D. damages 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语 bridge 和动词 damage（破坏）是被动关系；last month 是过去时间标志，因此用一般过去时被动 was damaged。 4. Every year, ______ visitors come to visit the world cultural heritage site. A. dozen of B. dozens of C. dozen D. two dozens 【答案】B 【详解】考查 dozen 的用法。 表示不确定的 “许多、几十个”，用固定搭配 dozens of； 前有具体数词时，dozen 用单数，如 two dozen eggs。 本题表泛指 “大量游客”，用 dozens of。 5. The problems discussed at the meeting are all closely ______ cultural protection. A. related to B. famous for C. known as D. made of 【答案】A 【详解】考查短语辨析。 A. be related to 与…… 相关，符合句意 “会议上讨论的问题都和文化保护密切相关”； B. be famous for 因…… 出名； C. be known as 作为…… 闻名； D. be made of 由…… 制成。 6. My family has lived in the ______ part of the province for over twenty years. A. southwest B. southwestern C. southwestward D. south 【答案】B 【详解】考查词性转换。空格后是名词 part，需要用形容词修饰。southwest 的形容词形式是 southwestern（西南的），用来修饰名词 part。 7. — Have you ever heard of the Terracotta Army? — Yes. It is one of ______ historical wonders in China. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词最高级的固定结构。one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 表示 “最…… 的…… 之一”，最高级前必须加定冠词 the。 8. The small town has won great ______ for its beautiful ancient buildings. A. fame B. name C. prize D. praise 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。 A. fame 名声；声誉，固定搭配 win fame 赢得声誉，符合句意； B. name 名字； C. prize 奖品； D. praise 赞扬。 9. This travel guide ______ many introductions to local cultural heritage sites. A. features B. is featured C. featuring D. feature 【答案】A 【详解】考查 feature 的动词用法。feature 作动词时意为 “以…… 为特色；包含”，本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 guide 是单数，谓语用三单形式 features。10. It is ______ an amazing cultural heritage ______ millions of tourists come to visit it every year. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 【答案】B 【详解】考查结果状语从句。空格后 an amazing cultural heritage 是名词短语，用 such + 名词短语 + that从句 结构；so 后只能直接接形容词 / 副词。 二、根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. /ˈedʒukeɪtə(r)/ n. 教育家；教育工作者 Confucius is considered to be the greatest ______ in ancient China. 【答案】educator 【详解】根据音标和句意 “孔子被认为是中国古代最伟大的教育家”，填名词 educator。空格前有形容词最高级 greatest 修饰，且主语是单数，因此用名词单数形式。 2. /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产（国家或社会的文化产物） The local government is making rules to protect the cultural ______ in the old town. 【答案】heritage 【详解】根据音标和固定搭配 cultural heritage（文化遗产），填不可数名词 heritage。此处特指该地区的文化遗产，用单数即可。 3. /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n.（有形的）损坏；破坏 The strong wind caused serious ______ to the ancient wooden house last night. 【答案】damage 【详解】根据音标和固定搭配 cause damage to（对…… 造成损坏），填不可数名词 damage。damage 表示 “损坏” 的抽象含义时，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。 4. The museum shop sold three ______ (一打；十二个) postcards with patterns of the Great Wall yesterday. 【答案】dozen 【详解】考查 dozen 的用法。表示具体数量 “几打” 时，dozen 前有基数词修饰，必须用单数形式，因此填 dozen。 5. The main ______ (特点；特征) of the Confucius Temple is its beautiful ancient wooden structure. 【答案】feature 【详解】考查名词。空格前有形容词 main（主要的）修饰，结合 be 动词 is 可知，填单数名词 feature。 6. During the traditional festival, people put all kinds of ______ (供品；祭品) in front of the old stone statue. 【答案】offerings 【详解】考查名词复数。all kinds of（各种各样的）后接可数名词复数；offering 作 “供品；祭品” 讲是可数名词，因此变复数 offerings。 7. Kunming, the capital of Yunnan, lies in the s______ part of China. 【答案】southwestern 【详解】考查形容词。空格后是名词 part，需要用形容词修饰；结合首字母和句意 “位于中国西南部”，填 southwestern（西南的）。 8. Most of the stories in this book are r______ to ancient Chinese history and culture. 【答案】related 【详解】考查固定搭配。be related to 是固定短语，意为 “与…… 相关的”，结合首字母提示填 related。 9. The small city has won international f______ for its well-kept ancient streets. 【答案】fame 【详解】考查固定搭配。win fame 是固定表达，意为 “赢得名声；闻名”，结合首字母提示填不可数名词 fame。 10. The history of this old temple d______ back to the early Tang Dynasty. 【答案】dates 【详解】考查固定短语和主谓一致。date back to 意为 “追溯到”，描述客观事实常用一般现在时；主语 history 是单数名词，谓语动词用三单形式 dates。 三、 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1. Confucius is one of the most famous ______ (educate)in ancient China. 【答案】educators 【详解】one of + 可数名词复数 表示 “…… 之一”，因此把 educator 变为复数 educators。 2.This study shows that sleeping habits are ______ (relate) to students’ health. 【答案】related 【详解】固定搭配 be related to 意为 “与…… 相关的”，填形容词 related。 3. It is reported that many old houses ______ (damage)in the earthquake last week. 【答案】were damaged 【详解】主语 old houses 和动词 damage 是被动关系；last week 是过去时间，用一般过去时被动；主语是复数，填 were damaged。 4. Every spring, ______ (dozen)of tourists come to enjoy the cherry blossoms. 【答案】dozens 【详解】固定搭配 dozens of 表示 “几十；许多”，表泛指时 dozen 用复数形式。 5. The old city ______ (feature)a lot of ancient streets and traditional buildings. 【答案】features 【详解】句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 city 是单数，谓语动词 feature 用三单形式 features。 6. The place has gained international ______ (fame)because of the world heritage site. 【答案】fame 【详解】空格前有形容词 international，需要填名词；fame 是不可数名词，意为 “名声”，符合句意。 7. The history of the temple ______ (date) back to over 2,000 years ago. 【答案】dates 【详解】固定短语 date back to 常用一般现在时；主语 history 是单数，谓语用三单形式 dates。 8. Guizhou Province lies in the ______ (southwest) part of China. 【答案】southwestern 【详解】空格后是名词 part，需要用形容词修饰；southwest 的形容词形式是 southwestern（西南的）。 9.During the festival, people leave different kinds of ______ (offer) at the temple. 【答案】offerings 【详解】different kinds of 后接可数名词复数，offering 是可数名词，意为 “供品”，变复数 offerings。 10.This famous cultural heritage ______ (build) in the 13th century. 【答案】was built 【详解】主语 heritage 和动词 build 是被动关系；in the 13th century 是过去时间，用一般过去时被动；主语是单数，填 was built。 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.昆明位于中国的西南部。 Kunming is in the ______ of China. 【答案】southwest 【详解】“in the + 方位名词 + of” 表示 “在…… 的某个方位”，填名词 southwest。 2. 这位老教师把一生都奉献给了教育事业，是一位受人尊敬的教育家。 The old teacher devoted all his life to teaching and he is a respected ______. 【答案】educator 【详解】空格前有形容词 respected，填名词 educator 表示 “教育家”。 3. 这座古城的历史可以追溯到唐朝。 The history of the ancient city can ______ ______ to the Tang Dynasty. 【答案】date back 【详解】固定短语 date back to 意为 “追溯到”，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 4. 我们必须采取措施保护文化遗产，避免其遭到破坏。 We must take action to protect cultural heritage and prevent it from being ______. 【答案】damaged 【详解】“被破坏” 用被动结构，from 是介词，后接 being done，填 damaged。 5. 长城是中国最著名的文化遗产之一。 The Great Wall is one of the most famous cultural ______ in China. 【答案】heritages 【详解】one of + 可数名词复数，heritage 作 “遗产种类” 讲时可数，变复数 heritages。 6. 很多传统节日都和古老的传说有关。 Many traditional festivals are ______ ______ ancient legends. 【答案】related to 【详解】固定搭配 be related to 意为 “与…… 相关”。 7. 这个村庄因其古老的石桥而远近闻名。 The village has won its ______ for its old stone bridges. 【答案】fame 【详解】固定搭配 win fame 意为 “赢得名声；闻名”。 8. 一打啤酒正好是十二瓶。 A ______ of beer is exactly twelve bottles. 【答案】dozen 【详解】固定搭配 a dozen of 意为 “一打……”。 9. 这座宫殿的主要特色是金色的屋顶。 The main ______ of the palace is its golden roof. 【答案】feature 【详解】空格前有形容词 main，填名词 feature 表示 “特点；特色”。 10. 人们会在庙里摆放供品来表达敬意。 People place ______ in the temple to show their respect. 【答案】offerings 【详解】offering 作 “供品” 讲是可数名词，此处表泛指，用复数形式 offerings。 五、完型填空。 Qufu is a city in the 1 part of Shandong Province. It is widely 2 as the birthplace of Confucius, a great ancient Chinese 3 . Sankong, which includes the Confucius Temple, the Confucius Mansion and the Cemetery of Confucius, is the most famous place in Qufu. It is a world cultural 4 and has won great 5 around the world. The Confucius Temple is very large and can 6 back to the Zhou Dynasty. The old buildings were once 7 in wars, but later they were repaired. A lot of people come to visit Sankong every year. 8 of tourists come here during holidays. The city 9 many ancient buildings and traditional culture. Most of the visitors are interested in things 10 to Confucius and Chinese history. 1. A. southwest B. southwestern C. south D. southern 2. A. known B. made C. taken D. regarded 3. A. educator B. doctor C. worker D. artist 4. A. damage B. offering C. heritage D. feature 5. A. prize B. fame C. name D. praise 6. A. go B. come C. date D. walk 7. A. damaged B. built C. protected D. kept 8. A. Dozen B. Dozens C. Two dozen D. Two dozens 9. A. features B. is featured C. featuring D. feature 10. A. done B. made C. related D. left 1. 【答案】B 【详解】空格后是名词 part，需要形容词修饰；结合地理常识，曲阜位于山东西南部，用 southwestern（西南的）。 2. 【答案】A 【详解】固定搭配 be known as 意为 “作为…… 而闻名”，符合句意 “曲阜作为孔子的故乡而闻名”。 3. 【答案】A 【详解】根据常识，孔子是伟大的教育家，填 educator。 4. 【答案】C 【详解】固定搭配 cultural heritage 意为 “文化遗产”，符合句意 “三孔是世界文化遗产”。 5. 【答案】B 【详解】固定搭配 win fame 意为 “赢得声誉；闻名”，符合句意 “在全世界享有盛誉”。 6. 【答案】C 【详解】固定短语 date back to 意为 “追溯到”，符合句意 “孔庙可以追溯到周朝”。 7. 【答案】A 【详解】根据后文 “但后来被修复”，可知前文是 “古建筑曾在战争中被破坏”，damaged 符合语境。 8. 【答案】B 【详解】固定搭配 dozens of 表示 “几十；许多”，表泛指 “大量游客”。 9. 【答案】A 【详解】feature 作动词意为 “以…… 为特色”；主语 city 是单数，一般现在时谓语用三单形式 features。 10. 【答案】C 【详解】固定搭配 related to 意为 “与…… 相关的”，符合句意 “游客对和孔子及中国历史相关的事物感兴趣”。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $