考前押题04 语法填空（期中专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版

考前押题04 语法填空 话题1 百科 话题2 数字与寓言（常考点） 话题3 智能与科技（难点） 话题4 发明 ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 百科（共4篇） Passage 1 （26-27初二上·广东广州·月考）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Shen Kuo was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty. He made great contributions to art and literature. One of his 1 (famous) works is Brush Talks from Dream Brook (《梦溪笔谈》). At nine, Shen Kuo took an interest in reading. At eleven, he received formal education. While in his 2 (thirty), Shen Kuo often dreamed of a beautiful hill. Later, when travelling around, he was surprised to find land just like that hill. He lived there for the rest of his life and wrote his famous book. 3 Shen Kuo lived over 900 years ago, Brush Talks from Dream Brook still influences modern science. It has been translated into many languages, such as English, French, German and Japanese. Passage 2 Marie Curie was a famous scientist. She was born in Poland in 1867. She was very 1 (interest) in science from a young age. She moved to Paris to study physics and chemistry. She worked very hard and made many important 2 (discover).   She discovered two radioactive elements: polonium and radium. She won the Nobel Prize 3 Physics in 1903 and another one for Chemistry in 1911. She was the first woman 4 (win) a Nobel Prize.   Marie Curie often worked in difficult conditions. She didn’t have a good laboratory, but she never gave 5 . Her work helped many people and changed the world. Passage 3 Benjamin Franklin was a scientist. He was an 1 (invent) with many talents. From a young age, his love of 2 (learn) set him apart from many others. He had only two years of education before working. While working in his brother’s print shop, he taught 3 (he) by reading a lot. He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed 4 late to read, and then returned them early the next day. He was also curious about everything. He once became 5 (interest) in studying storms, so he followed the storms and did many tests. His findings helped predict the weather. What’s more, he had a great love for science, so his 6 (count) inventions came as no surprise. He invented a type of glasses 7 (help) him see better. He didn’t make money from the inventions, but he let people use them 8 free. His greatness goes further than that. As 9 lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and   10 (end) journey, full of wonder and success. This is his greatest gift to the world. Passage 4 Wild animals are our friends. Our world is beautiful and 1 (live) because of them. 2 (luck), the number of some wild animals is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of their living areas. Also, people 3 (hunt) them, such as tigers, for their fur and bones. You will realize how much danger these tigers are facing if you watch the documentary Tiger Watch. The situation will continue unless 4 (human) stop hunting them. Now the government has realized the importance of 5 (protect) wild animals. They have made laws to protect them. Animal lovers should contact (联系) the police if they see anything unusual. Many famous stars support people in protecting wild animals. Some help to find a documentary, which reminds people to protect wildlife. You 6 (probable) think some wild animals are dangerous to people. In 7 (fact), they only attack people when they are 8 (in) danger. We should 9 (get) along with wild animals. Protecting animals is to protect 10 (we). 话题2数字与寓言（共4篇） Passage 1 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi. Passage 2 A monkey was hungry. He wanted 1 (eat) something. Just then, he saw some peaches 2 the trees. So he climbed up the trees 3 picked the peaches. Suddenly, he saw many bananas on other 4 (tree). He jumped down and ran to the banana trees. Each banana was big and yellow. He was very 5 (excite). Then he found many watermelons on the ground, so he 6 (begin) to pick the watermelons. 7 butterfly came along. The monkey saw the butterfly, and then he ran after the butterfly. But it 8 (fly) away. He still didn’t have 9 (something) to eat. He was so hungry. In the 10 (ending), the monkey went back with nothing. But he had many chances before that. Passage 3 A long time ago, there was a king in India. One of his closest advisers (大臣，谋士) was a wise old man. Stories of his intelligence 1 (spread) by people to faraway lands. One day, a scholar (学者) visited the king’s palace with the thought of challenging the old man’s 2 (wise). The scholar told the king that he was much 3 (clever) and even the wise old man would not be able to answer his questions. The king asked the old man 4 (come) to the palace and told him what the scholar said. The old man accepted 5 challenge. The scholar asked, “Would you like to answer a hundred easy questions 6 one difficult question?” The old man said that he wanted to answer the difficult one. Then the scholar asked, “Which came 7 (one), the chicken or the egg?” The old man thought for a moment and said, “The egg.” The scholar laughed at him and asked, “How can you be sure that the egg came before the chicken?” The old man said 8 (loud), “Sorry, but I won’t answer this question because I 9 (answer) the difficult one already.” The scholar felt ashamed (羞愧的) and left with a heavy heart. The king was very pleased and gave the old man some gold 10 a prize. Passage 4 Once a king 1 (walk) around a pool with his ministers. When he came up with 2 idea, he asked, “How many baskets of water 3 (be) there in the pool?” The ministers couldn’t give an answer. The king said 4 (angry), “You must answer my question in three days!” Three days passed, 5 none of the ministers had the answer. Just then, a child said that he knew it. The king told the ministers to lead the child to the pool. To 6 (he) surprise, the child refused and said 7 a smile, “It is easy. No need to go to the pool.” This made the king 8 (excite). “All right. Let us know what it is.” The child said, “If you know the size of the basket, you will know the answer. If it is as big 9 the pool, there is one basket of water; half as big, two baskets...” “Stop! That’s it. You have got the answer. They were thinking of things in the wrong way.” 10 (get) out of the difficulty, sometimes one must change one’s way of thinking. 话题3 智能与科技（共4篇） Passage 1 On March 6, 2025, scientists in the USA made an exciting discovery. They created 1 special animal called the Colossal Woolly Mouse by mixing DNA from modern mice and woolly mammoths (猛犸象). This was done 2 (use) gene-editing (基因编辑) technology. What is gene-editing then? Gene-editing helps scientists change parts of DNA．A tool called CRISPR-Cas9 3 (act) like “scissors” to cut and edit DNA．It can cut DNA at specific parts. It can remove bad genes, add new genes to help cure 4 (ill) or improve crops. Scientists hope this technology can one day bring back extinct animals, woolly mammoths and dodos (渡渡鸟). 5 (sad), this success also reminds us of the truth: many animals die out because of human activities. Humans pollute air and water, destroy forests, and hunt animals too much. Many 6 (animal) homes are taken away. Therefore, thousands of species of animals in the old days can’t be found 7 earth now.     What should we do? Scientists have spent years 8 (try) to save animals that have died out. 9 instead of only waiting for technology to fix problems in the future, everyone must take action now 10 (protect) the animals we still have. Every species is important for a healthy planet. Let’s act now before it’s too late! Passage 2 In Datong, Shanxi, there is a digital (数字的) star—Hua Mulan. She 1 (guide) people and helps them learn about Datong. Datong is 2 ancient city. During the Northern Wei Dynasty*, it was the capital (都城) and was called Pingcheng. Wars often broke out at that time. Hua Mulan 3 (dress) herself up as a man. She fought 4 the invaders (入侵者). Finally, she helped her team win the victory. Thanks to 3D technology, Hua Mulan can now “come to life”. Many people are 5 (surprise) at her looks. She looks like a real person. She can move and talk. In some places of interest in Datong, 6 (tourist) can see the 3D Hua Mulan. With 7 (she) help, people can learn about Datong in a new way. She can speak both Chinese 8 English. People from different countries can get help from her 9 (easy). Datong also has amazing scenery and delicious food. Are you ready 10 (take) a trip to Datong? Everyone can have a great experience in this city. Come and visit it! * Northern Wei Dynasty北魏王朝 Passage 3 We are all busy talking about and using the Internet but how many of 1 (we) know the history of the Internet? Many people are 2 (surprise) when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 3 that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks (网络) didn’t work well. If one of 4 computers in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough 5 (be) used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way, computer network systems would keep on 6 (work) all the time. At first, the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals 7 banks were allowed to use it, too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers became 8 (cheap) and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet more convenient. Today it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mails 9 (be) getting more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of 10 (people) life. Maybe few people can live without the Internet. Passage 4 How will daily life develop in the future? Will it be much 1 (good) than the way it is nowadays? Genetic engineering (基因工程) may help us 2 (make) the perfect human being. Some babies may grow up to play basketball as well as Yao Ming. Besides, we may be able to bring the dead back to life one day. Maybe people will get the chance to meet and talk with their dead family 3 (member). During the next fifty to seventy years, it will get more difficult to tell the 4 (different) between human beings and man-made machines. It is possible that we’ll be able to create copies just like ourselves. As 5 result, we’ll seem to stay alive for a very long time even after our physical death. People may be able to find methods 6 moving a person’s life consciousness (意识) into a brand-new (全新的) body. Nanobots (微型机器人) will play a key role in medical care. We’ll make use of them 7 we fall ill. For example, when we suffer (遭受) from a stomachache, we’ll swallow (吞下) a tiny nanobot and it will move through our stomach, recording a video of what’s 8 (happen) inside our body. The recorded video will help the doctor heal (治疗、治愈) us. In the coming years, computers may have 9 (they) own independent feelings. We may become more and more 10 (interest) in computers and the Internet, and we will spend most of our spare time sitting in front of computer screens. 话题4 发明（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26初二上·广东深圳·期中）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 You must have seen guide dogs, either in daily life or on TV, right? Guide dogs are as important as friends for blind people, but not everyone can have such a helper. 1 there are more than 5,000,000 blind people in our country, there are only about 400 guide dogs. A blind person has to wait 2 a long time to get a guide dog. Also, it is very expensive 3 (train) a guide dog. All of these make it impossible for all the blind people to have 4 (they) own guide dogs. Last year, a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University built a robot guide dog to help blind people. 5 robot dog has six legs and is very smart. It can see, listen and speak. Now it is 6 (easy) for blind people to have a guide dog than before. Some people think it might be a 7 (dangerous) for the blind to use the robot guide dog. The head of the team says there is no need to worry about it. First, with six legs, the robot guide dog is able to walk 8 (safe). Second, users can ask the robot to walk slowly or quickly. What’s more, the robot can read traffic lights and avoid obstacles (躲避障碍). The team keeps 9 (work) for the future of their robot guide dog hopefully. They believe if the blind have a robot guide dog, they 10 (live) a better life. Passage 2 （24-25初二上·湖南长沙·月考）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 We can often see robots in the movies now. Some robots may look like people, some look like huge arms, and others may be in different 1 (shape). They help people do many things, and they are becoming more and more helpful. People 2 (start) to use robots about some hundred years ago. At first, robots only worked like clocks or watches and did the same things over and 3 again. They did simple jobs and never got bored. 4 modern robots are smarter. Some can solve problems by 5 (they) because their brains are computers. In London, there is 6 robot helping old people. The robot can cook for old people. It can also do things like cleaning the floor and making the bed. It is very 7 (help). In the future, robots will be able 8 (do) jobs such as looking after sick people in the hospital. Some scientists believe that this 9 (happen) in twenty years. And there will be much 10 (many) robots everywhere. Passage 3 （25-26初二上·广东深圳·期中）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 So far, a flying car by the Chinese company XPENG 1 (achieve) its impressive public flight by flying over Dubai. This happened on Oct 12 during a flight show. It is a new step in bringing China’s low-altitude aircraft technology (低空飞行器技术)  to the world, according to Xinhua. 2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car. People can take apart the aircraft (飞行器) in just five minutes. The aircraft is in the back of the car, and people can charge (充电) it there. 4 (make) the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button (按钮). The aircraft can’t fly as 5 (quick) as a plane, but it can take off or land straight up and down. It can fly 6 its own or with a person controlling it. When it flies alone, it can plan the road and guide 7 (it). The aircraft can fly for 30 minutes and up to 1,000 meters high. The flying car is cool, but it will be a long time before we can use it in daily life. There are problems to solve. People need to build landing 8 (site) for the car and make complete air traffic rules. Besides, it might bring some 9 (danger) situations. For example, 10 it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble. Passage 4 （25-26初二上·广东深圳·期中）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 What do you expect at this time of year in Northeast China? Terrible winds, heavy snow and slippery roads are common. Since early November, many students have shared 1 (they) challenging experiences online. 2 , things are different at Harbin Institute of Technology. Students move 3 (comfortable) between classrooms, libraries, dining halls, dormitories (宿舍), and even the gym in T-shirts, all within five 4 (minute) walk. Some students even eat ice cream while enjoying the snowy scenery along the way. They can do all these because 5 the newly built skybridges. The university 6 (begin) building the skybridges in 2022. With a total length of 1,330.13 meters, the skybridges were built in three steps. On November 7th, the 7 (two) part of the walkway system was put into use. Now, 881.81 meters of skywalks are in use. In addition to 8 (connect) different school buildings, the skybridges as the school’s new landmark will also serve different functions in 9 future. The skybridges have become popular on the Internet so far. All the students think the skybridges are 10 (use). One wrote, “In the past, I never wanted to go out in the cold winter unless the sun shines brightly. Now thanks to the skywalks, I can wear light clothes even in below-zero temperatures.” 文章主要介绍甘肃兰州举办的文溯阁《四库全书》数字成果展，展示其数字化内容及互动体验。 【新素材·《四库全书》数字成果展】In July 2026, a special exhibition opened in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. It shows the digital results of the Siku Quanshu from Wensuge (文溯阁). The Siku Quanshu is one of 1 (large) collections of Chinese books ever collected, 2 (contain) nearly 800 million characters. The exhibition has 12 chapters and presents 122 3 (careful) selected items. Visitors can see ancient clothing, weapons (武器), farming 4 (tool), tea sets and star maps from the Qing Dynasty. The organizers have also included Emperor Yongzheng’s personal comments on 5 (office) documents. 6 (he) words are sometimes funny and direct — like ancient “bullet comments” (弹幕)! Over 500 digital 7 (element) and thousands of high-definition images have been collected for 8 project. The exhibition uses digital technology to make these ancient books come alive. 9 (visit) can learn about history in an 10 (interest) and interactive way. It shows that technology can help us understand the past better. 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题04 语法填空 话题1 百科 话题2 数字与寓言（常考点） 话题3 智能与科技（难点） 话题4 发明 ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 百科（共4篇） Passage 1 （26-27初二上·广东广州·月考）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Shen Kuo was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty. He made great contributions to art and literature. One of his 1 (famous) works is Brush Talks from Dream Brook (《梦溪笔谈》). At nine, Shen Kuo took an interest in reading. At eleven, he received formal education. While in his 2 (thirty), Shen Kuo often dreamed of a beautiful hill. Later, when travelling around, he was surprised to find land just like that hill. He lived there for the rest of his life and wrote his famous book. 3 Shen Kuo lived over 900 years ago, Brush Talks from Dream Brook still influences modern science. It has been translated into many languages, such as English, French, German and Japanese. 【答案】1．most famous 2．thirties 3．Although/Though 【导语】本文介绍北宋科学家沈括，讲述他的生平以及著作《梦溪笔谈》带来的深远影响。 【详解】1．句意：他最著名的作品之一是《梦溪笔谈》。固定结构one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，famous的最高级为most famous。 2．句意：在他三十多岁的时候，沈括常常梦见一座美丽的小山。固定搭配in one’s thirties，表示“在某人三十多岁时”，因此填thirties。 3．句意：虽然沈括生活在900多年前，但《梦溪笔谈》仍然影响着现代科学。本句存在让步转折关系，需要填让步状语从句引导词，although/though意为“虽然，尽管”，句首首字母大写，因此填Although/Though。 Passage 2 Marie Curie was a famous scientist. She was born in Poland in 1867. She was very 1 (interest) in science from a young age. She moved to Paris to study physics and chemistry. She worked very hard and made many important 2 (discover).   She discovered two radioactive elements: polonium and radium. She won the Nobel Prize 3 Physics in 1903 and another one for Chemistry in 1911. She was the first woman 4 (win) a Nobel Prize.   Marie Curie often worked in difficult conditions. She didn’t have a good laboratory, but she never gave 5 . Her work helped many people and changed the world. 【答案】1．interested 2．discoveries 3．for 4．to win 5．up 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名科学家居里夫人的生平经历，尽管科研条件艰苦，但她永不放弃，她的研究造福人类，对世界产生重大影响。 【详解】1．句意：她从小就对科学非常感兴趣。固定搭配be interested in，表示“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用-ed结尾形容词，interest是名词，形容词形式为interested。填interested。 2．句意：她学习十分刻苦，取得许多重大发现。many后接可数名词复数，discover是动词，名词形式为discovery，复数为discoveries。应填discoveries。 3．句意：1903年她获得诺贝尔物理学奖，1911年又获得诺贝尔化学奖。固定搭配the Nobel Prize for…表示 “……方面的诺贝尔奖”，介词for后接学科。应填for。 4．句意：她是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。固定结构the first woman to do sth.，用动词不定式作后置定语修饰woman。应填to win。 5．句意：她没有好的实验室，但她从不放弃。固定短语give up，表示“放弃”。应填up。 Passage 3 Benjamin Franklin was a scientist. He was an 1 (invent) with many talents. From a young age, his love of 2 (learn) set him apart from many others. He had only two years of education before working. While working in his brother’s print shop, he taught 3 (he) by reading a lot. He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed 4 late to read, and then returned them early the next day. He was also curious about everything. He once became 5 (interest) in studying storms, so he followed the storms and did many tests. His findings helped predict the weather. What’s more, he had a great love for science, so his 6 (count) inventions came as no surprise. He invented a type of glasses 7 (help) him see better. He didn’t make money from the inventions, but he let people use them 8 free. His greatness goes further than that. As 9 lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and   10 (end) journey, full of wonder and success. This is his greatest gift to the world. 【答案】1．inventor 2．learning 3．himself 4．up 5．interested 6．countless 7．to help 8．for 9．a 10．endless 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家本杰明・富兰克林，讲述他自学成才、热爱科学、不断发明创造的事迹。 【详解】1．句意：他是一名多才多艺的发明家。句子前面有不定冠词an，后接表示人的名词说明主语身份。invent是动词“发明”，对应的表示人的名词为inventor，意为“发明家”。 2．句意：从小时候起，他对学习的热爱就让他与众不同。介词of后接名词或者动名词，learn的动名词形式是learning。 3．句意：在哥哥的印刷店工作期间，他通过大量阅读自学。teach oneself是固定搭配，意为“自学”，主语是he，对应的反身代词是himself。 4．句意：他经常从书商那里借书，熬夜阅读，然后第二天一早归还。stay up late是固定短语，表示“熬夜”。 5．句意：他曾经对研究风暴产生兴趣，于是追踪风暴并做了许多实验。become interested in是固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用interested。 6．句意：而且，他十分热爱科学，所以他无数的发明也就不足为奇了。inventions是名词，前面需用形容词修饰。count是动词，对应的形容词为countless，意为“无数的”，用来形容发明数量很多，符合富兰克林拥有多项发明的人物背景。 7．句意：他发明了一种眼镜来帮助自己看得更清楚。此处用不定式to help作目的状语，表示发明眼镜的目的。 8．句意：他没有靠这些发明赚钱，而是免费供人们使用。前半句说明他没有利用发明获利，转折词but体现对比含义，说明他将发明分享给大众，不收取费用。for free是固定短语，意为“免费”。 9．句意：作为一名终身学习者，他把学习看作一场令人激动且永无止境的旅程，充满奇迹与成就。learner是可数名词单数，lifelong是以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。 10．句意：作为一名终身学习者，他把学习看作一场令人激动且永无止境的旅程，充满奇迹与成就。journey是名词，前面用形容词修饰；前文提到他是lifelong learner（终身学习者），终身学习意味着学习这件事没有终点；end是名词“结束”，对应的形容词为endless，意为“无止境的”。 Passage 4 Wild animals are our friends. Our world is beautiful and 1 (live) because of them. 2 (luck), the number of some wild animals is becoming smaller and smaller because of the loss of their living areas. Also, people 3 (hunt) them, such as tigers, for their fur and bones. You will realize how much danger these tigers are facing if you watch the documentary Tiger Watch. The situation will continue unless 4 (human) stop hunting them. Now the government has realized the importance of 5 (protect) wild animals. They have made laws to protect them. Animal lovers should contact (联系) the police if they see anything unusual. Many famous stars support people in protecting wild animals. Some help to find a documentary, which reminds people to protect wildlife. You 6 (probable) think some wild animals are dangerous to people. In 7 (fact), they only attack people when they are 8 (in) danger. We should 9 (get) along with wild animals. Protecting animals is to protect 10 (we). 【答案】1．lively 2．Unluckily 3．hunt 4．humans 5．protecting 6．probably 7．fact 8．in 9．get 10．ourselves 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍野生动物是人类的朋友，但是一些野生动物数量正在减少，分析了它们面临的困境，讲述政府和各界人士采取的保护措施，告诉我们保护动物就是保护我们自己。 【详解】1．句意：我们的世界因为它们而美丽又生机勃勃。and连接并列形容词作表语，live是动词，意为“生活”，其形容词lively意为“生机勃勃的”。 2．句意：不幸的是，由于栖息地的丧失，一些野生动物的数量正变得越来越少。本句讲述野生动物数量变少这件坏事，需要副词放在句首修饰整个句子，luck是名词，意为“运气”，其副词unluckily意为“不幸地”。 3．句意：而且，人们猎杀它们，比如老虎，以获取它们的皮毛和骨头。本句陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语people是复数，谓语动词用原形，hunt意为“猎杀”。 4．句意：除非人类停止猎杀它们，否则这种情况将会持续。空格后谓语stop是原形，主语要用复数，human意为“人类”，复数形式humans。 5．句意：现在政府已经意识到保护野生动物的重要性。介词of后面要接名词或者动名词，protect是动词，意为“保护”，动名词形式为protecting。 6．句意：你或许会认为一些野生动物对人类来说是危险的。空格修饰动词think，要用副词，probable是形容词，意为“可能的”，副词形式probably。 7．句意：事实上，它们只有身处危险之中时才会攻击人类。固定短语in fact意为“事实上”，fact意为“事实”。 8．句意：事实上，它们只有身处危险之中时才会攻击人类。固定短语be in danger意为“处于危险中”。 9．句意：我们应该和野生动物和睦相处。情态动词should后面接动词原形，get along with意为“与……和睦相处”，get用原形。 10．句意：保护动物就是保护我们自己。本句表达保护动物就是保护我们自己，we是人称代词主格，意为“我们”，反身代词ourselves意为“我们自己”。 话题2数字与寓言（共4篇） Passage 1 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi. 【答案】1．first 2．earliest 3．that 4．an 5．intelligence 6．in 7．finding 8．believed 9．himself 10．finally 【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国数学家、天文学家和机械师祖冲之。 【详解】1．句意：现在，他主要因第一个发现圆周率（π）在3.1415926到3.1415927之间而闻名。根据“person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指第一个发现圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的人，表示顺序用序数词“first”，意为“第一”。故填first。 2．句意：他的结果在900多年里一直是世界上最准确、最早的值。根据“the most accurate and”可知，此处用形容词最高级，与“the most accurate”并列，且“and”表并列，前后形式一致，所以用“early”的最高级“earliest”，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。 3．句意：这个比率很难得到，以至于一个日本数学家称它为“祖氏比率”。根据“This ratio was so hard to get”可知，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 4．句意：作为一名优秀的工程师，他的祖父教他科学。根据“As...excellent engineer”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的工程师，“excellent”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。 5．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和好奇心。根据“great”可知，此处用名词形式，“intelligent”的名词形式是“intelligence”，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。 6．句意：祖冲之也对数学和天文学表现出特殊的兴趣。show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填in。 7．句意：目前尚不清楚祖冲之是如何对找出圆周率的值感兴趣的，但人们讲述过关于他的故事。、become interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”，固定词组。故填finding。 8．句意：在过去的很长时间里，人们都认为圆的周长是其直径的三倍。根据“For a long time in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“believe”的过去式是“believed”。故填believed。 9．句意：祖冲之对这个结果不确定，他想自己证明。by oneself意为“独自”，主语是“he”，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。 10．句意：经过多年的努力，他终于算出了圆周率的值。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。 Passage 2 A monkey was hungry. He wanted 1 (eat) something. Just then, he saw some peaches 2 the trees. So he climbed up the trees 3 picked the peaches. Suddenly, he saw many bananas on other 4 (tree). He jumped down and ran to the banana trees. Each banana was big and yellow. He was very 5 (excite). Then he found many watermelons on the ground, so he 6 (begin) to pick the watermelons. 7 butterfly came along. The monkey saw the butterfly, and then he ran after the butterfly. But it 8 (fly) away. He still didn’t have 9 (something) to eat. He was so hungry. In the 10 (ending), the monkey went back with nothing. But he had many chances before that. 【答案】1．to eat 2．on 3．and 4．trees 5．excited 6．began 7．A 8．flew 9．anything 10．end 【导语】 本篇记叙文，讲述猴子摘东西的故事，猴子看见桃子、香蕉、西瓜、蝴蝶，不断换新目标，最后空手而归。 【详解】1． 句意：他想要吃点东西。所给词eat动词，意思是“吃”，want后接动词不定式构成want to do sth结构，表示想要做某事，eat变化为to eat。 2．句意：就在这时，他看见树上有一些桃子。桃子是树木自身生长出的果实，使用介词on，on the tree表示长在树上。 3．句意：于是他爬上树并且摘下桃子。climbed up与picked是两个顺承发生的动作，选用并列连词and。 4．句意：突然，他看见其他树上有很多香蕉。所给词tree可数名词，意思是“树”，other后面需要搭配可数名词复数，tree的复数形式为trees。 5．句意：他非常兴奋。所给词excite动词，意思是 “使兴奋”，此处修饰人he，修饰人要使用‑ed结尾的形容词，excite对应的形容词为excited，表示“感到兴奋的”。 6．句意：然后他发现地上有很多西瓜，于是他开始摘西瓜。所给词begin动词，意思是“开始”，整篇故事使用一般过去时，begin的过去式为began。 7．句意：一只蝴蝶飞了过来。butterfly是可数名词单数，辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指一只，不定冠词置于句首首字母大写A。 8．句意：但是蝴蝶飞走了。所给词fly动词，意思是 “飞”，全文为一般过去时，fly的过去式为flew。 9．句意：他仍然没有任何东西可以吃。所给词something不定代词，意思是“某物，某事”，本句为否定句，否定句中something需要改为anything。 10．句意：最后，猴子空手回去了。所给词ending名词，意思是“结局”，in the end为常用短语，表示最后，此处使用end。 Passage 3 A long time ago, there was a king in India. One of his closest advisers (大臣，谋士) was a wise old man. Stories of his intelligence 1 (spread) by people to faraway lands. One day, a scholar (学者) visited the king’s palace with the thought of challenging the old man’s 2 (wise). The scholar told the king that he was much 3 (clever) and even the wise old man would not be able to answer his questions. The king asked the old man 4 (come) to the palace and told him what the scholar said. The old man accepted 5 challenge. The scholar asked, “Would you like to answer a hundred easy questions 6 one difficult question?” The old man said that he wanted to answer the difficult one. Then the scholar asked, “Which came 7 (one), the chicken or the egg?” The old man thought for a moment and said, “The egg.” The scholar laughed at him and asked, “How can you be sure that the egg came before the chicken?” The old man said 8 (loud), “Sorry, but I won’t answer this question because I 9 (answer) the difficult one already.” The scholar felt ashamed (羞愧的) and left with a heavy heart. The king was very pleased and gave the old man some gold 10 a prize. 【答案】1．were spread 2．wisdom 3．cleverer 4．to come 5．the 6．or 7．first 8．loudly 9．have answered 10．as 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述古印度一位聪慧大臣的故事。一名学者前来挑战这位大臣，提出让他选择回答一百道简单题还是一道难题，大臣选择难题，巧妙化解了学者的刁难。 【详解】1．句意：关于他才智的故事被人们传播到遥远的地方。主语“Stories”和“spread”之间是被动关系，故事发生在很久以前，用一般过去时的被动语态were spread。 2．句意：一天，一位学者来到王宫，想要考验这位老人的智慧。名词所有格“old man’s”后面需要接名词，wise的名词形式是wisdom。 3．句意：学者告诉国王，他聪明得多，甚至这位智者也回答不出他的问题。much修饰形容词比较级，clever的比较级是cleverer。 4．句意：国王请老人来到王宫，告诉他学者所说的话。固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.，意为“要求某人做某事”，填to come。 5．句意：老人接受了这次挑战。此处特指上文学者提出的挑战，用定冠词the。 6．句意：你想回答一百道简单的问题还是一道难题？本句为选择疑问句，用or连接两个选项，表示“或者、还是”。 7．句意：先有鸡还是先有蛋？固定短语come first，表示“最先出现”。 8．句意：老人大声说：“抱歉，我不会回答这个问题，因为我已经回答完这道难题了”。修饰动词said要用副词，loud的副词形式是loudly。 9．句意：老人大声说：“抱歉，我不会回答这个问题，因为我已经回答完这道难题了”。句中“already”是现在完成时的标志，主语是I，助动词用have，填have answered。 10．句意：国王十分高兴，赏赐给老人一些黄金作为奖励。介词as，表示“作为”，as a prize意为“作为奖品”。 Passage 4 Once a king 1 (walk) around a pool with his ministers. When he came up with 2 idea, he asked, “How many baskets of water 3 (be) there in the pool?” The ministers couldn’t give an answer. The king said 4 (angry), “You must answer my question in three days!” Three days passed, 5 none of the ministers had the answer. Just then, a child said that he knew it. The king told the ministers to lead the child to the pool. To 6 (he) surprise, the child refused and said 7 a smile, “It is easy. No need to go to the pool.” This made the king 8 (excite). “All right. Let us know what it is.” The child said, “If you know the size of the basket, you will know the answer. If it is as big 9 the pool, there is one basket of water; half as big, two baskets...” “Stop! That’s it. You have got the answer. They were thinking of things in the wrong way.” 10 (get) out of the difficulty, sometimes one must change one’s way of thinking. 【答案】1．was walking 2．an 3．are 4．angrily 5．but 6．his 7．with 8．excited 9．as 10．To get 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个国王和他的部长们围着一个池塘散步，国王提出了一个问题，但部长们无法回答。三天后，一个孩子告诉国王答案，他说只要知道篮子的大小，就能知道池塘里有多少篮子的水。这个故事告诉我们，有时候为了解决困难，我们需要改变思维方式。 【详解】1．句意：一天一个国王和他的部长们围着一个池塘散步。根据时态一致原则可知此处用过去时态。根据语境可知此处表示正在散步时，国王有了一个想法。故填was walking。 2．句意：当他有了一个想法时，他问。泛指一个想法，需用不定冠词。idea是以元音音素开头的，用不定冠词an。故填an。 3．句意：池塘里有多少篮的水？there be句型表示“某处有某物”，问题用一般现在时，主语是复数baskets，be动词用复数are。故填are。 4．句意：国王生气地说。angrily表示“生气地”，副词修饰动词said。故填angrily。 5．句意：三天过去了，但没有一个部长有答案。根据两句的逻辑关系可知此处表示转折。故填but。 6．句意：令他惊讶的是，这个孩子拒绝了并微笑着说。to one’s surprise表示“令某人惊讶的是”，此处用his指代国王的。故填his。 7．句意：令他惊讶的是，这个孩子拒绝了并微笑着说。with表示“带着”，with a smile表示“面带微笑”。故填with。 8．句意：这使国王很兴奋。excited表示“兴奋的”，形容词修饰人的感觉。故填excited。 9．句意：如果它和池塘一样大，就有一篮子水。as+形容词或副词原形+as表示“和……一样”。故填as。 10．句意：有时候为了解决困难，我们需要改变思维方式。不定式表示目的，首字母需大写。故填To get。 话题3 智能与科技（共4篇） Passage 1 On March 6, 2025, scientists in the USA made an exciting discovery. They created 1 special animal called the Colossal Woolly Mouse by mixing DNA from modern mice and woolly mammoths (猛犸象). This was done 2 (use) gene-editing (基因编辑) technology. What is gene-editing then? Gene-editing helps scientists change parts of DNA．A tool called CRISPR-Cas9 3 (act) like “scissors” to cut and edit DNA．It can cut DNA at specific parts. It can remove bad genes, add new genes to help cure 4 (ill) or improve crops. Scientists hope this technology can one day bring back extinct animals, woolly mammoths and dodos (渡渡鸟). 5 (sad), this success also reminds us of the truth: many animals die out because of human activities. Humans pollute air and water, destroy forests, and hunt animals too much. Many 6 (animal) homes are taken away. Therefore, thousands of species of animals in the old days can’t be found 7 earth now.     What should we do? Scientists have spent years 8 (try) to save animals that have died out. 9 instead of only waiting for technology to fix problems in the future, everyone must take action now 10 (protect) the animals we still have. Every species is important for a healthy planet. Let’s act now before it’s too late! 【答案】1．a 2．using 3．acts 4．illnesses 5．Sadly 6．animals’ 7．on 8．trying 9．But 10．to protect 【导语】本文主要介绍科学家利用基因编辑技术创造出猛犸鼠，虽然这项技术有望复活灭绝动物，但很多动物灭绝根源是人类活动。作者提倡不能只寄希望于未来科技，我们现在就要行动起来保护现存动物。 【详解】1．句意：他们把现代老鼠和猛犸象的DNA融合，创造出一种叫做巨型猛犸鼠的特殊动物。空格后为形容词+可数名词单数形式，且“special”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应填a。 2．句意：这是利用基因编辑技术完成的。此处为非谓语用法，需用动词现在分词作方式状语，表示 “通过使用……”。应填using。 3．句意：一种叫CRISPR-Cas9的工具就像“剪刀”一样切割并编辑DNA。主语“a tool”为第三人称单数，整篇是一般现在时，谓语动词用动词第三人称单数，应填acts。 4．句意：它可以移除不良基因、添加新基因，用来帮助治愈疾病或者改良农作物。此处需用名词作空格前动词“cure”的宾语，illness“疾病”，泛指各类疾病，需用名词复数形式，应填illnesses。 5．句意：遗憾的是，这项成果也提醒我们一个事实：很多动物因为人类活动而灭绝。此处位于句首逗号隔开，需用副词作状语，首字母大写，应填Sadly。 6．句意：许多动物的家园被夺走。空格前“many”后面用名词复数形式，此处需用名词所有格修饰空格后面的名词，应填animals’。 7．句意：所以，成千上万古时候的物种现在在地球上找不到了。此处为固定搭配on earth，意为“在地球上”，作状语，应填on。 8．句意：科学家们已经花了很多年努力拯救已经灭绝的动物。此处为固定搭配spend time doing sth.，需用动名词作宾语，应填trying。 9．句意：但是不能只等着未来的科技来解决问题，每个人现在就必须行动起来保护现存的动物。前文提到科学家尝试复活动物，后面说不能只依靠科技，前后文为转折关系，句首大写，应填But。 10．句意：每个人现在就必须行动起来保护还存在的动物。此处需用动词不定式表目的，表示采取行动的目的是为了保护现存动物，应填to protect。 Passage 2 In Datong, Shanxi, there is a digital (数字的) star—Hua Mulan. She 1 (guide) people and helps them learn about Datong. Datong is 2 ancient city. During the Northern Wei Dynasty*, it was the capital (都城) and was called Pingcheng. Wars often broke out at that time. Hua Mulan 3 (dress) herself up as a man. She fought 4 the invaders (入侵者). Finally, she helped her team win the victory. Thanks to 3D technology, Hua Mulan can now “come to life”. Many people are 5 (surprise) at her looks. She looks like a real person. She can move and talk. In some places of interest in Datong, 6 (tourist) can see the 3D Hua Mulan. With 7 (she) help, people can learn about Datong in a new way. She can speak both Chinese 8 English. People from different countries can get help from her 9 (easy). Datong also has amazing scenery and delicious food. Are you ready 10 (take) a trip to Datong? Everyone can have a great experience in this city. Come and visit it! * Northern Wei Dynasty北魏王朝 【答案】1．guides 2．an 3．dressed 4．against 5．surprised 6．tourists 7．her 8．and 9．easily 10．to take 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了山西大同的数字明星——花木兰，她通过3D技术“复活”，作为导游帮助游客了解大同的历史和文化。 【详解】1．句意：她引导人们，帮助他们了解大同。主语She是第三人称单数，and连接并列谓语，helps为一般现在时，所以guide也要使用一般现在时第三人称单数形式guides。 2．句意：大同是一座古老的城市。ancient是以元音音素开头的单词，表示“一个”，要用不定冠词an。 3．句意：花木兰把自己装扮成男子。本段讲述北魏时期发生的往事，时态为一般过去时，dress的过去式是dressed。 4．句意：她抵抗入侵者。固定搭配fight against，表示“对抗，与……作斗争”。 5．句意：很多人对她的样貌感到惊讶。固定短语be surprised at，表示“对……感到惊讶”，surprised用来修饰人。 6．句意：在大同的一些景点，游客们可以看到3D花木兰。此处表示泛指，tourist是可数名词，要用复数形式tourists。 7．句意：在她的帮助下，人们可以用一种新方式了解大同。固定搭配with one’s help，表示“在某人的帮助下”，要用形容词性物主代词her。 8．句意：她会说汉语和英语。固定搭配both…and…，表示“……和……两者都”。 9．句意：来自不同国家的人们可以轻松地从她这里获得帮助。此处修饰动词get，要用副词形式easily。 10．句意：你准备好去大同旅行了吗？固定搭配be ready to do sth.，表示“准备好做某事”，to后面接动词原形take。 Passage 3 We are all busy talking about and using the Internet but how many of 1 (we) know the history of the Internet? Many people are 2 (surprise) when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 3 that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks (网络) didn’t work well. If one of 4 computers in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough 5 (be) used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way, computer network systems would keep on 6 (work) all the time. At first, the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals 7 banks were allowed to use it, too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers became 8 (cheap) and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet more convenient. Today it is easy to get online and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mails 9 (be) getting more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of 10 (people) life. Maybe few people can live without the Internet. 【答案】1．us 2．surprised 3．At 4．the 5．to be 6．working 7．and 8．cheaper 9．is 10．people’s 【导语】本文主要介绍了互联网的历史。 【详解】1．句意：我们都忙着谈论和使用互联网，但我们中的多少人知道互联网的历史？of是介词，需接代词宾格，we的宾格形式为us。 2．句意：当发现互联网建立于20世纪60年代时，许多人会感到吃惊。主语Many people，应用surprise的形容词surprised修饰，意为“吃惊的”。 3．句意：在那时，电脑又大又贵。At that time，介词短语，意为“在那时”。句首字母大写。 4．句意：如果互联网中的一个电脑崩溃，然后整个互联网都会瘫痪。one of+the+可数名词复数，意为“……之一”。 5．句意：它应该足够好，能被许多不同的电脑使用。形容词+enough+to do，意为“足够……做某事”。 6．句意：以这种方式，电脑网络系统能一直持续工作。keep on，动词短语，意为“坚持”，需接动名词作宾语。work的动名词形式为working。 7．句意：起初，互联网只能由政府使用，但在20世纪70年代早期，大学、医院和银行也被允许使用。此处universities，hospitals和banks属于并列成分，应用连词and连接。 8．句意：到20世纪90年代初，电脑变得更加便宜和更容易使用。空白处与easier是并列成分，由连词and连接，应填cheap的比较级cheaper。 9．句意：发送电子邮件在学生之间越来越受欢迎。句子主语是动名词短语“sending e-mails”，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；句子是一般现在时，be动词用is。 10．句意：互联网现在已经变成人们生活中最受欢迎的重要部分之一。空后是名词life，结合句意，此处指“人们的生活”，应填名词所有格people’s。 Passage 4 How will daily life develop in the future? Will it be much 1 (good) than the way it is nowadays? Genetic engineering (基因工程) may help us 2 (make) the perfect human being. Some babies may grow up to play basketball as well as Yao Ming. Besides, we may be able to bring the dead back to life one day. Maybe people will get the chance to meet and talk with their dead family 3 (member). During the next fifty to seventy years, it will get more difficult to tell the 4 (different) between human beings and man-made machines. It is possible that we’ll be able to create copies just like ourselves. As 5 result, we’ll seem to stay alive for a very long time even after our physical death. People may be able to find methods 6 moving a person’s life consciousness (意识) into a brand-new (全新的) body. Nanobots (微型机器人) will play a key role in medical care. We’ll make use of them 7 we fall ill. For example, when we suffer (遭受) from a stomachache, we’ll swallow (吞下) a tiny nanobot and it will move through our stomach, recording a video of what’s 8 (happen) inside our body. The recorded video will help the doctor heal (治疗、治愈) us. In the coming years, computers may have 9 (they) own independent feelings. We may become more and more 10 (interest) in computers and the Internet, and we will spend most of our spare time sitting in front of computer screens. 【答案】1．better 2．make/to make 3．members 4．difference 5．a 6．of 7．when 8．happening 9．their 10．interested 【导语】本文畅想未来日常生活的发展，介绍基因工程、人体复制、微型机器人医疗以及计算机技术可能带来的变化，描绘未来生活的种种设想。 【详解】1．句意：在未来日常生活将会如何发展？它会比现在好得多吗？than表示比较，需用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better，much修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。 2．句意：基因工程可能会帮助我们造出完美的人类。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.，表示“帮助某人做某事”，此处可以省略to，填make/to make。 3．句意：也许人们将会有机会和逝去的家人见面并交谈。family member表示家庭成员，此处泛指，要用复数形式members。 4．句意：在接下来的50到70年间，区分人类和人造机器将会变得更加困难。定冠词the后面需要接名词，different的名词形式是difference，表示“差别，差异”。 5．句意：结果就是，即便我们肉体死亡之后，我们似乎还可以存活很长一段时间。固定搭配as a result，表示“结果”。 6．句意：人们也许能够找到方法，把一个人的生命意识转移到全新的身体里。固定搭配method of doing sth.，表示“做某事的方法”，介词of后接动名词。 7．句意：当我们生病的时候，我们会利用它们。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，用连词when。 8．句意：例如，当我们胃痛时，我们会吞下一个微型机器人，它会穿过我们的胃，记录我们身体内部正在发生的事情。is表示本句为现在进行时，动词需用现在分词，happen的现在分词是happening。 9．句意：在未来几年，计算机或许会拥有它们自己独立的情感。修饰名词own independent feelings要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，表示“它们的”。 10．句意：我们可能会对电脑和互联网越来越感兴趣，我们会把大部分空闲时间花在电脑屏幕前。固定搭配become interested in，表示“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用interested。 话题4 发明（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26初二上·广东深圳·期中）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 You must have seen guide dogs, either in daily life or on TV, right? Guide dogs are as important as friends for blind people, but not everyone can have such a helper. 1 there are more than 5,000,000 blind people in our country, there are only about 400 guide dogs. A blind person has to wait 2 a long time to get a guide dog. Also, it is very expensive 3 (train) a guide dog. All of these make it impossible for all the blind people to have 4 (they) own guide dogs. Last year, a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University built a robot guide dog to help blind people. 5 robot dog has six legs and is very smart. It can see, listen and speak. Now it is 6 (easy) for blind people to have a guide dog than before. Some people think it might be a 7 (dangerous) for the blind to use the robot guide dog. The head of the team says there is no need to worry about it. First, with six legs, the robot guide dog is able to walk 8 (safe). Second, users can ask the robot to walk slowly or quickly. What’s more, the robot can read traffic lights and avoid obstacles (躲避障碍). The team keeps 9 (work) for the future of their robot guide dog hopefully. They believe if the blind have a robot guide dog, they 10 (live) a better life. 【答案】1．Although/Though 2．for 3．to train 4．their 5．The 6．easier 7．danger 8．safely 9．working 10．will live 【导语】本文介绍了上海交大研发的机器导盲犬，讲述它能够帮助盲人出行以及研发团队对它未来的展望。 【详解】1．句意：虽然我国有五百多万盲人，但是仅有大约400只导盲犬。该处需一个连词，在句中作让步状语从句引导词；前后两个分句“人数多但是导盲犬数量很少”，提示语义存在让步转折关系；此处需要让步连词引导从句。故填Although或Though，两者均可。 2．句意：一名盲人不得不等待很长一段时间才能得到一只导盲犬。该处需一个介词，在句中和wait一起构成谓语；本句表达盲人等候导盲犬，提示语义和“等候”行为相关；固定动词短语wait for，表示“等待”。故填for。 3．句意：而且，训练一只导盲犬的花费很高。该处需一个动词不定式，在句中作真正主语；本句说明训练导盲犬开销大，提示语义和“训练”这件事有关；“it is + 形容词 + to do”是固定句型，it作形式主语。结合给出的单词train，故填to train。 4．句意：所有这些因素使得并非所有盲人都可以拥有属于他们自己的导盲犬。该处需一个形容词性物主代词，在句中作定语修饰后面名词；此处表达“他们自己的” 提示语义归属盲人；one’s own为固定结构，前面要用物主代词。结合给出的单词they，故填their。 5．句意：这只机器狗有六条腿而且十分智能。该处需一个定冠词，在句中作定语；上一句刚刚提到机器导盲犬，提示语义是特指上文已经出现过的事物；第二次提及同一事物前面需要加定冠词。故填The。 6．句意：现在对于盲人来说拥有一只导盲犬比以前更加容易了。该处需一个形容词比较级，在句中作表语；句中than before提示语义是现在和过去作对比；形容词要变为比较级。结合给出的单词easy，故填easier。 7．句意：一些人认为盲人使用这款机器导盲犬或许会是一件危险的事。该处需一个名词，在句中作表语；本句讲述人们担心使用机器导盲犬的风险，提示语义和“危险”相关；不定冠词a后面需要接可数名词单数。结合给出的单词dangerous为形容词，故填danger。 8．句意：首先，有着六条腿，这款机器导盲犬能够安全地行走。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语；本句说明机器狗走路的状态，提示语义与“安全”有关；副词用来修饰实义动词walk。结合给出的单词safe，故填safely。 9．句意：这支团队满怀希望地持续为机器导盲犬的未来而努力。该处需一个动名词，在句中作宾语；本句表达团队继续奋斗，提示语义与“坚持工作”有关；固定搭配“keep doing sth.”，表示“持续做某事”。结合给出的单词work，故填working。 10．句意：他们相信如果盲人拥有机器导盲犬，他们将会过上更好的生活。该处需一个动词的一般将来时形式，在句中作主句谓语；句子表达对以后生活的设想，提示语义是将来发生的情况；if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现规则。结合给出的单词live，故填will live。 Passage 2 （24-25初二上·湖南长沙·月考）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 We can often see robots in the movies now. Some robots may look like people, some look like huge arms, and others may be in different 1 (shape). They help people do many things, and they are becoming more and more helpful. People 2 (start) to use robots about some hundred years ago. At first, robots only worked like clocks or watches and did the same things over and 3 again. They did simple jobs and never got bored. 4 modern robots are smarter. Some can solve problems by 5 (they) because their brains are computers. In London, there is 6 robot helping old people. The robot can cook for old people. It can also do things like cleaning the floor and making the bed. It is very 7 (help). In the future, robots will be able 8 (do) jobs such as looking after sick people in the hospital. Some scientists believe that this 9 (happen) in twenty years. And there will be much 10 (many) robots everywhere. 【答案】1．shapes 2．started 3．over 4．But 5．themselves 6．a 7．helpful 8．to do 9．will happen 10．more 【导语】本文通过讲述机器人的外形特点、发展历程、当下应用情况以及未来的发展趋势，指出机器人的功能正变得越来越强大。 【详解】1．句意：有些机器人长得像人类，有些像巨大的机械臂，还有一些可能有着不同的外形。形容词different后需接可数名词复数，shape的复数形式为shapes。 2．句意：大约几百年前，人们就开始使用机器人了。时间状语“about some hundred years ago”表示过去的时间，句子要使用一般过去时，start的过去式是started。 3．句意：一开始，机器人只会像钟表一样运转，反复做相同的事情。固定短语over and over again意为“反复、一再”。 4．句意：但现代机器人要更智能。前文讲述早期机器人只能完成简单重复的工作，后文说明现代机器人更聪慧，前后存在转折关系，句首首字母需要大写。 5．句意：有些机器人能够独自解决问题，因为它们的“大脑”是计算机。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自地”，此处指代复数的机器人，反身代词用themselves。 6．句意：在伦敦，有一款帮助老年人的机器人。此处是泛指一个机器人，robot是以辅音音素开头的单词，要用不定冠词a。 7．句意：它十分有用。副词very后面需要接形容词作表语，help对应的形容词形式是helpful，意为“有用的”。 8．句意：在未来，机器人将能够完成诸如在医院照顾病人这类工作。固定结构be able to do sth.表示“能够做某事”。 9．句意：一些科学家认为这会在二十年后发生。in twenty years是表将来的时间状语，从句需要用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”。 10．句意：并且未来各处会出现数量多得多的机器人。much可以用来修饰形容词比较级加强语气，many的比较级是more，意为“更多的”。 Passage 3 （25-26初二上·广东深圳·期中）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 So far, a flying car by the Chinese company XPENG 1 (achieve) its impressive public flight by flying over Dubai. This happened on Oct 12 during a flight show. It is a new step in bringing China’s low-altitude aircraft technology (低空飞行器技术)  to the world, according to Xinhua. 2 flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier, is the world’s 3 (one) modular (模块化的) flying car. People can take apart the aircraft (飞行器) in just five minutes. The aircraft is in the back of the car, and people can charge (充电) it there. 4 (make) the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button (按钮). The aircraft can’t fly as 5 (quick) as a plane, but it can take off or land straight up and down. It can fly 6 its own or with a person controlling it. When it flies alone, it can plan the road and guide 7 (it). The aircraft can fly for 30 minutes and up to 1,000 meters high. The flying car is cool, but it will be a long time before we can use it in daily life. There are problems to solve. People need to build landing 8 (site) for the car and make complete air traffic rules. Besides, it might bring some 9 (danger) situations. For example, 10 it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble. 【答案】1．has achieved 2．The 3．first 4．To make 5．quickly 6．on 7．itself 8．sites 9．dangerous 10．if 【导语】本文主要讲了中国公司小鹏研发的模块化飞行汽车首次公开飞行及其技术特点，并分析了其投入日常使用前需解决的问题。 【详解】1．句意：迄今为止，中国公司小鹏的飞行汽车已在迪拜上空完成了其引人注目的公开飞行。根据“So far”可知，此处强调动作从过去持续到现在并对现在有影响，用现在完成时；主语“a flying car”为单数，助动词用has，achieve“完成”，为动词，过去分词是achieved。故填has achieved。 2．句意：这款名为“陆地航母”的飞行汽车是世界上首款模块化飞行汽车。根据“... flying car, called Land Aircraft Carrier”可知，此处特指前文提到的“a flying car”，需用定冠词the，句首单词首字母需大写。故填The。 3．句意：这款名为“陆地航母”的飞行汽车是世界上首款模块化飞行汽车。根据“the world’s ... modular flying car”可知，此处表示“第一”，需用序数词；one“一”，为基数词，其序数词是first。故填first。 4．句意：要让这辆车做好飞行准备，你只需按一个按钮。根据“... the car ready to fly, you only need to push one button”可知，此处表示目的“为了……”，make“使”，为动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To make。 5．句意：这架飞行器不能像飞机飞得那样快，但它可以垂直起降。根据“can’t fly as ... as a plane”可知，此处修饰动词fly，需用副词形式；quick“快的”，为形容词，其副词形式是quickly。故填quickly。 6．句意：它可以自主飞行，也可以在人的控制下飞行。根据“fly ... its own”可知，on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独立地，自主地”。故填on。 7．句意：当它独自飞行时，它可以规划路线并引导自己。根据“guide ...”可知，此处指飞行器引导“它自己”，需用反身代词；it“它”，为主格代词，其反身代词形式是itself。故填itself。 8．句意：人们需要为这种车建造着陆场，并制定完善的空中交通规则。根据“landing ...”可知，此处应用可数名词表示泛指，表示“场地”；site“地点”，为可数名词，其复数形式是sites。故填sites。 9．句意：此外，它可能会带来一些危险情况。根据“some ... situations”可知，此处修饰名词situations，需用形容词形式；danger“危险”，为名词，其形容词形式是dangerous。故填dangerous。 10．句意：例如，如果它飞到离房子一定距离以外，就可能会引起麻烦。根据“... it flies a certain distance away from the house, it may cause trouble”可知，这里表示如果它飞到离房子一定距离以外，就可能会引起麻烦，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。 Passage 4 （25-26初二上·广东深圳·期中）根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 What do you expect at this time of year in Northeast China? Terrible winds, heavy snow and slippery roads are common. Since early November, many students have shared 1 (they) challenging experiences online. 2 , things are different at Harbin Institute of Technology. Students move 3 (comfortable) between classrooms, libraries, dining halls, dormitories (宿舍), and even the gym in T-shirts, all within five 4 (minute) walk. Some students even eat ice cream while enjoying the snowy scenery along the way. They can do all these because 5 the newly built skybridges. The university 6 (begin) building the skybridges in 2022. With a total length of 1,330.13 meters, the skybridges were built in three steps. On November 7th, the 7 (two) part of the walkway system was put into use. Now, 881.81 meters of skywalks are in use. In addition to 8 (connect) different school buildings, the skybridges as the school’s new landmark will also serve different functions in 9 future. The skybridges have become popular on the Internet so far. All the students think the skybridges are 10 (use). One wrote, “In the past, I never wanted to go out in the cold winter unless the sun shines brightly. Now thanks to the skywalks, I can wear light clothes even in below-zero temperatures.” 【答案】1．their 2．However 3．comfortably 4．minutes’ 5．of 6．began 7．second 8．connecting 9．the 10．useful 【导语】本文主要介绍了哈尔滨工业大学新建的天桥系统，以及这些天桥给学生带来的便利和功能。 【详解】1．句意：自11月初以来，许多学生在网上分享了他们具有挑战性的经历。空处修饰名词experiences，用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 2．句意：然而，哈尔滨工业大学的情况却有所不同。空前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号，用However。故填However。 3．句意：学生们穿着T恤在教室、图书馆、餐厅、宿舍甚至健身房之间舒适地移动，所有这些都在步行5分钟内。空处修饰动词，用副词形式comfortably“舒适地”。故填comfortably。 4．句意：学生们穿着T恤在教室、图书馆、餐厅、宿舍甚至健身房之间舒适地移动，所有这些都在步行5分钟内。five后跟名词复数形式，且修饰名词walk，用复数名词的所有格。故填minutes’。 5．句意：他们能做到这些是因为新建的天桥。because of“因为”，后跟名词短语。故填of。 6．句意：这所大学于2022年开始建造天桥。根据“in 2022”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式began。故填began。 7．句意：11月7日，步行系统的第二部分投入使用。根据“the ... part”可知，是指第二部分，用序数词second“第二”。故填second。 8．句意：天桥作为学校的新地标，除了连接不同的校舍外，未来还将发挥不同的功能。根据“In addition to”可知，to是介词，后跟动名词。故填connecting。 9．句意：天桥作为学校的新地标，除了连接不同的校舍外，未来还将发挥不同的功能。in the future“在未来”，固定短语。故填the。 10．句意：所有学生都认为天桥很有用。根据“are”可知，空处用形容词useful“有用的”，作表语。故填useful。 文章主要介绍甘肃兰州举办的文溯阁《四库全书》数字成果展，展示其数字化内容及互动体验。 【新素材·《四库全书》数字成果展】In July 2026, a special exhibition opened in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. It shows the digital results of the Siku Quanshu from Wensuge (文溯阁). The Siku Quanshu is one of 1 (large) collections of Chinese books ever collected, 2 (contain) nearly 800 million characters. The exhibition has 12 chapters and presents 122 3 (careful) selected items. Visitors can see ancient clothing, weapons (武器), farming 4 (tool), tea sets and star maps from the Qing Dynasty. The organizers have also included Emperor Yongzheng’s personal comments on 5 (office) documents. 6 (he) words are sometimes funny and direct — like ancient “bullet comments” (弹幕)! Over 500 digital 7 (element) and thousands of high-definition images have been collected for 8 project. The exhibition uses digital technology to make these ancient books come alive. 9 (visit) can learn about history in an 10 (interest) and interactive way. It shows that technology can help us understand the past better. 【答案】1．the largest 2．containing 3．carefully 4．tools 5．official 6．His 7．elements 8．the 9．Visitors 10．interesting 【导语】本文介绍甘肃兰州举办的文溯阁《四库全书》数字成果展，展示其数字化内容及互动体验。 【详解】1．句意：《四库全书》是有史以来收集的中国书籍中最大的收藏之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定搭配，large的最高级是the largest。 2．句意：包含近8亿字符。空格处作伴随状语，与主语“The Siku Quanshu”之间是主动关系，需用现在分词containing。 3．句意：展览分为12个章节，呈现122件精心挑选的展品。空格处修饰动词“selected”，需用副词作状语，表示“精心地”，careful的副词形式是carefully。 4．句意：农具。空格处与“clothing”“weapons”并列作宾语，tool为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用复数形式tools。 5．句意：官方文件。空格后是名词“documents”，需用形容词作定语修饰，office的形容词形式是official。 6．句意：他的文字有时有趣而直接。空格后是名词“words”，需用形容词性物主代词作定语，指代“他的”，he对应的形容词性物主代词是His，位于句首首字母大写。 7．句意：超过500个数字元素。空格前“Over 500”后需接可数名词复数，element的复数形式是elements。 8．句意：为这个项目收集了数千张高清图像。空格后“project”特指前文提到的展览项目，需用定冠词the表示特指。 9．句意：参观者可以以有趣且互动的方式了解历史。空格处作主语，表示“参观者”，需用名词复数形式Visitors，位于句首首字母大写。 10．句意：以有趣且互动的方式。空格后是名词“way”，需用形容词作定语修饰，interest的形容词形式是interesting。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $