考前押题02 语法填空4大常考话题（期中专项训练）九年级英语上学期新教材冀教版

考前押题02 语法填空4大常考话题 话题1 身心健康 话题2人际交往 话题3 艺术审美 话题4 榜样精神 （常考点） 话题1 身心健康（共4篇） Passage 1 Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as 1 (danger) as first-hand smoke. But have you 2 (hear) of third-hand smoke? Third-hand smoke means the 3 (pollute) left on the surfaces of things around, 4 furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles in tobacco (烟草) land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette has been put out. This can cause a great danger to the family, 5 (especial) children. Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be 6 (harm) by third-hand smoke. This is 7 they are often close to surfaces of things, such 8 floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they touch these surfaces, they get their hands polluted. So, it is necessary and important to say no to third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict 9 (rule) for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carried out. 10 one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes outside the house. Get him 11 special jacket and a hat, so once he finishes smoking, he can take 12 (they) off before getting inside the house. Moreover, make sure that a smoker 13 (wash) his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the baby. Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm 14 your child, but it doesn’t mean he or she is safe. Give 15 smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones are far away from third-hand smoke. Passage 2 Many years have passed, but I still remember the last day of my high school summer camp in the countryside. I sat on my bed, and 1 (sudden) there was a loud noise—The wooden bed board broke in two. My roommates looked at me in surprise, and I felt really 2 (embarrass). I wanted to say that the quality of the bed was poor, but I knew 3 real reason: I was too heavy. I was 1.72 meters tall, and I 4 (weigh) 95 kilograms. Every day, I just sat there doing homework or 5 (use) the computer. What’s 6 (bad), my parents always put lots of meat on my plate, hoping I’d get stronger. But now, more 7 (bed) and chairs might be in danger. A study says 50.7% of adults and 19% of school kids in China 8 (be) overweight. Many adults say they don’t have time to exercise. They don’t have time to cook 9 home, so they often eat out 10 have a takeaway. After breaking that bed, I decided 11 (change) myself. I was too busy 12 go to the gym, so I tried to stay active every day. I still do this now. Some days, I cycle 10 kilometers home from work. Other days, I take a bus but get off one stop earlier and walk the rest. On weekends, I usually clean the house, and this 13 (keep) me active. With enough exercise and eating healthier food, I 14 (lose) 21 kilograms since high school. I’m happy that 15 (I) health condition has gotten better too. You don’t have to break a bed to start getting fit. To form a healthy habit, it’s better to start sooner rather than later. Passage 3 Eating healthy food and doing exercise are important for our health. We know the 1 (important) of keeping healthy. Every day, we need to eat different kinds of food, 2 vegetables, fruit and meat. Vegetables and fruit are good for us 3 they have vitamins and minerals. We should eat 4 (they) every day. Meat is also important because it gives us protein. Protein helps us grow strong. Bread and rice make us 5 (energy). We need energy to do our daily 6 (activity). Eating too much junk food is bad for us. Junk food has a lot of fat and sugar. It can make us feel 7 (tire) and unwell. So, we should try to eat more healthy food and 8 (little) junk food. If you cook your own meals, you can make healthy and 9 (balance) meals. Exercise is also important. Exercise 10 (help) us keep fit. It makes our bodies strong and healthy. We can do different kinds of exercise, such 11 running, swimming and playing ball games. Running is 12 good way to exercise. It helps us 13 (breath) better and makes our hearts stronger. We can also try other activities like 14 (dance) and doing yoga. Dancing is a fun way 15 (exercise) and it makes us happy. Yoga helps us relax and stay calm. Passage 4 Some people don’t like sports. They think that sports make them 1 (tire) and smell bad. They say, “Playing sports is 2 total waste of time. ” To these people, I politely say, “You have not discovered the fun of sports!” Let me share 3 you a basketball game I played two weeks ago. Our parents and friends all came 4 (cheer) for us. A lot of people 5 (watch) the game at that time. We longed to win the game with such a large gathering. The game was nearly over, and we were two 6 (point) behind. Our coach called us together and said, “Okay, this is it! Either we score now 7 the game is over. Let's work hard to score. Even if we don't score, at least we know that we 8 (try) our best already. Come on, boys. Don’t think too much. It doesn’t matter if we lose. Just do it. ” Well, in the last minute of the game, we 9 (true) scored and two teams tied: 94:94. We went into overtime and we 10 (lose) at last. But after the game, all of us 11 (hug) by our coach excitedly. He told us that he was so proud of us because he had never seen a team try 12 (hard) than us. To be honest, I get a lot of 13 (please) from playing sports. It makes me strong 14 happy. So my advice is to choose a sport and keep 15 (do) it. Do remember it’s never too late to play sports! 话题2 人际交往（共4篇） Passage 1 Do you sometimes find it hard to talk to your parents? You’re not alone. Communication is a two-way street 1 it requires effort from both sides. Here are some tips to build 2 better relationship with them. First, choose the right moment. Avoid bringing up a difficult topic when your parents are 3 (stress) or in a hurry. Instead, find a quiet time, like during a family walk after dinner. This simple 4 (choose) can make a big difference in how your message is received. Second, listen 5 (active). Don’t just wait for your turn to speak. Try to understand their opinions. Show that you 6 (listen) by nodding or saying “I see.” This shows respect for their feelings, even if you disagree 7 their opinion. Third, use “I” instead of “You”. For example, say “I feel worried when I get poor grades.” rather than “You are too strict about my lessons.” This helps avoid sounding 8 you’re blaming them. 9 (four), be honest but respectful. If you make a mistake, admit it. If you have a different opinion, express it 10 (calm). Remember, the purpose is not 11 (win) an argument. You just want to find a better way to solve the problem. Finally, 12 a conversation becomes too heated, it’s okay to take a break. You can say, “I need a few 13 (minute) to calm down. Can we talk about this 14 (late) ?” This shows maturity (成熟), not avoidance. Good communication can turn a possible conflict (争执) into a chance to get 15 (close). It takes practice, but the reward— a stronger, more trusting relation-ship— is well worth the effort. Passage 2 Sometimes we get lost or need help. We might have 1 (difficult) finding the washroom, a bookstore, or the parking lot. We might need someone 2 (fix) the toilet. In these 3 (situation), it’s important to know how to ask for help politely. First, find someone who can help. Use polite ways to get 4 (someone) attention. You can start by 5 (say) “Pardon me.” or “Excuse me.” Next, try to ask 6 help. Say “Could you please tell me the way to the washroom?” or “Could you show me how to get to the mall?” Remember 7 (say) “please” and “thank you”. These small words show respect. Third, don’t use direct questions, 8 they are less polite. For example, you should ask “Could you tell me where the postcard section is? ” instead 9 “Where is the postcard section?” 10 (four), if you didn’t hear the answer, you can say, “Pardon?” or “Could you repeat that, please?” They are 11 (good) than “What?” Finally, try not 12 (rush). Speak 13 (slow) and listen carefully. Most people 14 (be) happy to help if you ask politely. In short, being kind and using correct words can help you get 15 help you need. Asking for help is not just about what you ask. It also has something to do with how you ask. Passage 3 Most children may argue with others. They sometimes end 1 (they) friendship over small disagreements. It is 2 silly and unnecessary mistake. Last week, our class 3 (plan) a charity event. But a few mistakes made some want 4 (cancel) it.Our school president is Mia. She never breaks 5 (she) word. “Let’s not give up. Fix this with proper communication instead 6 giving it up.   Some classmates were absent 7 the planning meeting. 8 Mia called them to share ideas. She asked their 9 (opinion) and listened carefully. It’s a shame we almost 10 (give) it up. Mia encouraged us, “If we work as a team, we 11 (succeed).” 12 (hopeful), our hard work paid off. We sold homemade cookies and drawings, and many people supported us. In the end, we raised enough money for the charity. We were all 13 (satisfy) with the result. This 14 (success) event taught us that kindness can heal the divide. Good 15 (lead) don’t just give orders. They bring people together to do something meaningful. Passage 4 Many people draw on paper, 1 few paint on stones. And that is 2 (exact) what Mo Wuying is doing. The artist from Chongqing has been doing this for more than eight years. And 3 animals she paints on stones are truly lifelike. The poses (姿势) of animals she creates 4 (decide) by the shapes of the stones. Mo says it is an art form that requires creative 5 (idea). According to Mo, the 6 (one) step is to draw the outline of an animal on a stone. Then she colors it 7 (make) it lively. After that, she adds all the details. Driven by her love of painting from a young age, Mo has been improving 8 (she) stone painting skills for years. 9 the beginning, she tried her hand at scenery and characters. In the past three years, she has 10 (focus) on painting animals. Mo has finished 11 (hundred) of stone paintings so far. “The longer I work on it, the 12 (interesting) I find it,” said Mo proudly. She sometimes even forgets to eat or sleep 13 the painting takes up all her attention. “It is 14 (relax) to paint on stones and it makes me patient,” said Mo, adding that she would continue 15 (work) on it. 话题3 艺术审美 （共4篇） Passage 1 Do you like watching lion dance? It’s a 1 (tradition) Chinese art form. The lion dance is one of the most popular folk dances in China. In Chinese tradition, the lion is considered 2 a mascot (吉祥物) which can bring good luck. In the lion dance, two people can act as a lion, one waving the lion head and 3 other waving the lion body and the lion tail. Or we can hold a silk ball 4 (play) with the lion. After more than two thousand years of 5 (develop), there are many kinds of lion dances. When it is the Lantern Festival or other festivals, people often organize lion dance because it 6 (believe) to bring good luck and happiness. In the 1990s, lion dance competitions 7 (appear). In 2021, a girls’ lion dance team from the “Hexingtang” lion dance troupe (剧团) won the 8 (one) place in a competition. In the beginning, the troupe only accepted 9 (boy). In 2018, six 10 (talent) girls were taken in. Now there 11 (be) 20 girls in it. Among them, the oldest girl is eighteen, and the 12 (young) one is only six years old. 13 (they) training is hard. The trainer doesn’t set easier training goals just 14 they are girls. They know 15 they want to do and hope to do it well. Passage 2 Traditional Chinese art is a priceless heritage that keeps itself 1 (live) through centuries. Chinese calligraphy and drama are two popular 2 (artist) forms.   Many legendary 3 (calligraphy) devoted their lifetimes to creating masterpieces, and their works are still worth 4 (appreciate) today. To make ink for calligraphy, 5 (art) usually grind ink sticks on ink slabs and mix the powder with water carefully. Every stroke in their works 6 (show) unique artistic styles and deep emotions. Drama, another great art form, involves many people. Traditional drama which is often based 7 historical stories or folk legends, also plays 8 significant role in Chinese culture. A talented playwright writes wonderful dialogues, while actors and 9 (act) bring characters to life on stage. The 10 (direct) and the whole team 11 (involve) in every detail, from designing costumes to managing the budget. 12 the plots may be complex, the harmony between music and the performance is always 13 (impress). Both calligraphy and drama 14 (rich) people’s spiritual life and make great contributions to cultural inheritance. 15 all art forms, they are no exception — their beauty lies in passing down the essence of Chinese civilization. Passage 3 Traditional Chinese culture has many art forms 1 help shape people’s personalities. For example, guqin, weiqi, calligraphy and painting 2 (consider) the four traditional arts of the literati (文人). Among them, Chinese calligraphy is an art that uses brushes and ink as 3 (it) tool and paper as its stage, performing the 4 (beautiful) of Chinese characters. It has 5 long history and is loved by people all over the world. The 6 (develop) of Chinese calligraphy began with the earliest Chinese characters 7 (discover) on oracle bones from the Shang Dynasty in Anyang, Henan Province. In ancient times, it was not only a necessary skill for the literati, 8 also a means of self-cultivation (自我修养). The key to practicing calligraphy 9 (lie) in the unity of the mind and the hand. Speed, 10 (strong) and agility (敏捷) are all important for creating fine calligraphy works. Actually, many 11 (calligraphy) find that they can forget their worries when writing. They feel calm and they are 12 (immerse) in both the surroundings and themselves. In this way, calligraphy serves 13 a path to inner peace. Today, even though there are many new ways 14 (record) information and express thoughts and ideas, calligraphy is still popular. Many people regard it as a 15 (value) part of our culture and hope that it can be passed down for generations. Passage 4 Last night, I went to a concert of Chinese folk music with my friends. A piece of music named Erquan Yingyue deeply moved me. It was one of the most 1 (move) pieces of music I’ve ever heard. It sounded so sad 2 I almost cried along with it as I listened. Later I got to know the music was 3 (write) by a folk musician Abing. Today it has become one of China’s national 4 (treasure). However, the road to his success was not easy. His mother died 5 he was young. His father taught him to play many 6 (music) instruments. By age 17, he was known for his talent in music. 7 (luckily), his father died. What was worse, he developed a serious illness and 8 (become) blind. He had no choice but to perform on the streets 9 (make) money. He performed 10 this way for many years. Abing’s amazing skills made him very popular during 11 (he) lifetime. He played 12 wrote many pieces of excellent music. When we listen to his music, we can sense the 13 (beautiful) and sadness in it. It makes us recall our 14 (deep) wounds from our own sad or painful experiences. For this reason, many people praise him as the musician who has greatly influenced erhu music. But it’s 15 (real) a pity that not many pieces of his music were recorded. 话题4 榜样精神 （共5篇） Passage 1 In 2024, a hotpot restaurant in Beijing’s Haidian District 1 (become) very popular. People from the capital and other places have been coming to enjoy a meal there, as well as to pay their respects to a hero who gave 2 (he) life to save others. Luan Liuwei, 3 41-year-old man from Ningyang County in Tai’an, Shandong Province, ran the restaurant in Beijing with his wife for many years. On August 10, while visiting Gu’an County of Langfang with his daughter, Luan 4 (save) three children from drowning (溺水) in the Yongding River. 5 , when he went back into the water to save an adult who was also 6 danger, Luan drowned because he was too tired. Luan’s heroic act 7 (deep) moved people in Beijing and beyond. Many people visited his restaurant 8 (remember) the hero and support his business. “This restaurant 9 (fill) with customers by 5 p.m. every day now. We come here not just for the food, but also for Luan’s story. ” said one of the 10 (customer) from Tongzhou District, who has waited for more than an hour 11 getting a seat. Staff members say that people start waiting 12 early as 9 a.m., hours before the 11 a.m. opening. Some people try to leave extra money, 13 is always refused. Though Luan Liuwei is no longer alive, we believe his spirit 14 (encourage) future generations in the coming years, proving that true heroism (英勇行为) never truly 15 (disappear) . Passage 2 The hero I admire most is Yuan Longping, a great scientist who devoted his life to solving food problems. He is known 1 the “Father of Hybrid Rice” and has made 2 (amaze) contributions to the world. Yuan Longping was born in 1930. He noticed many people suffered from hunger when he was young, 3 he decided to study rice to help them. For decades, he worked hard in the fields, even in hot summer or cold winter. His hard work paid off— he developed hybrid rice that has a much 4 (high) yield than common rice. This invention helped feed millions 5 people, not only in China but also in other countries in need of food. Yuan Longping was very humble (谦逊的) . Though he was one of the 6 (great) scientists in the world, he lived a simple life. He often told young people to keep working hard and never give up on 7 (they) dreams. He also cared about the environment and 8 (encourage) farmers to use green farming methods. In 2021, we lost this great man, 9 his spirit will always stay with us. He taught us that perseverance and love for people are the keys to 10 (succeed) . He is a true hero in my heart, and I will learn from him to be 11 useful person for the society. Whenever I face difficulties, I will think of his efforts and keep moving forward. His story shows that one person can make a big 12 (different) to the world with devotion. Yuan Longping’s life was full of meaning. He spent his whole life helping others, and his name will 13 (remember) by people all over the world forever. We should respect such heroes and pass on their spirits. Let’s take him as an example and try our best 14 (make) our country stronger and better. His deeds (功绩) remind us that love for the motherland and dedication (奉献) to people are the most 15 (value) qualities. Passage 3 Have you ever heard of Wang Zhenyi? She was 1 great Chinese scientist. She was born in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, girls had no chance to get an education. But her father and grandfather 2 (be) open-minded. They encouraged her 3 (read) the books in their home library. Wang Zhenyi read a lot about astronomy (天文学), maths, geography and medicine. Later, she made a 4 (decide). She wanted to focus 5 astronomy. In her time, many people expected (期待) the stars to tell 6 (they) what would happen. They thought some certain events in the sky, such 7 lunar eclipses (月食), happened when gods were angry. But Wang Zhenyi didn’t think so. She believed in 8 (fact). To explain those “strange” events, she did some experiments (实验). In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun 9 a mirror as the Moon. She 10 (move) them around to show what actually happens during a lunar eclipse. If the Earth 11 (pass) between the Sun and the Moon, the sunlight will fail to reach the Moon and the Moon “disappears”. Throughout her short life, Wang Zhenyi succeeded in 12 (write) many articles about her research. In her articles, she 13 (mention) some difficult ideas and explained them in simple ways. So people could understand science more 14 (easy). She helped people know 15 (much) about science than before. Passage 4 World famous scientist Stephen Hawking (霍金) died 1 the age of seventy-six in 2 (he) home in Cambridge, England 3 March 14. British former Prime Minister Teresa May said Hawking was one of 4 (great) scientists of his time. She also said, “His achievements will not 5 (forget).” Hawking was one of the most respected scientists in the modern history. Because of an uncommon 6 (ill), he was kept to a wheelchair. 7 , the disease did not stop Hawking from 8 (study). He used every new day that life offered 9 (continue) his research of the universe (宇宙). He 10 (say), “Where there is life, there is hope.” He developed 11 way of thinking about problems in his mind to reach a solution. This way of thinking has led to his important discoveries. He was 12 (one) person to present the idea of some special energy in the universe. At the same time, Hawking tried to explain many of these difficult 13 (science) ideas to more people. He 14 (write) several popular science 15 (book), including the bestseller A Brief History of Time which made him a household (家喻户晓的) name. Stephen Hawking is, no doubt, a legendary (传奇的) scientist of all time. Passage 5 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people will think 1 Confucius, who was born on September 28, 551 BC． Everyone remembers and 2 (respect) him because he made a great contribution (贡献) to today’s education. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father 4 (pass) away when he was only 3. 5 his father died, he had to help his mother. But Confucius didn’t give up studying. With his 6 (mother) support, he visited many famous teachers. He spared no effort 7 (study) music, history, poems and sports. Later, he started the 8 (one) private school in history. At that time only 9 (child) from rich families could go to school. “I believe everyone 10 (go) to school if they want to learn,” Confucius said. He did his 11 (good) to take more students to school. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Fu Buqi was one of them and he is also regarded as a 12 (study). He was 30 years 13 (young) than Confucius. Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker 14 wise thoughts about the world and society. “A person should be strict with 15 (he), but be kind to others,” he said. 本文介绍演说家尼克・胡哲的人生经历。面对先天身体缺陷，他没有向命运屈服，通过演讲传播希望，激励大众。引导学生正确看待生活里的挫折磨难，磨砺坚强意志，树立不畏困难、永不放弃的人生态度。 【新情境・直面逆境，永不言弃】 Nick Vujicic is a speaker and 1 (write) who was born without arms or legs. Though he had 2 hard start in life, Vujicic has inspired people around the world with his message of hope. As a child, Vujicic faced many challenges. His school life was 3 (hard) than most children’s because he was often bullied. But he didn’t want the difficulties 4 (stop) him. Instead, he started sharing his stories and 5 he overcame all his difficulties 6 the age of 19. In 2005, Vujicic set up his own group 7 (name) “Life Without Limbs” to help people with disabilities. Since then, he 8 (become) a well-known speaker, traveling around the world to speak to people of all ages and backgrounds. Through his talks, books, and TV shows, Vujicic has encouraged 9 (million) of people to overcome their difficulties 10 to achieve their dreams, no matter how hard they may 11 (seem). He teaches that true happiness comes 12 a strong will and hard work. Nick Vujicic’s story reminds us that no matter what challenges we face, we can achieve our 13 (goal) and live a happy life. His stories have inspired many people to believe in 14 (they) and never give 15 their dreams. 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 语法填空4大常考话题 话题1 身心健康 话题2人际交往 话题3 艺术审美 话题4 榜样精神 （常考点） 话题1 身心健康（共4篇） Passage 1 Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as 1 (danger) as first-hand smoke. But have you 2 (hear) of third-hand smoke? Third-hand smoke means the 3 (pollute) left on the surfaces of things around, 4 furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles in tobacco (烟草) land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette has been put out. This can cause a great danger to the family, 5 (especial) children. Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be 6 (harm) by third-hand smoke. This is 7 they are often close to surfaces of things, such 8 floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they touch these surfaces, they get their hands polluted. So, it is necessary and important to say no to third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict 9 (rule) for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carried out. 10 one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes outside the house. Get him 11 special jacket and a hat, so once he finishes smoking, he can take 12 (they) off before getting inside the house. Moreover, make sure that a smoker 13 (wash) his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the baby. Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm 14 your child, but it doesn’t mean he or she is safe. Give 15 smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones are far away from third-hand smoke. 【答案】 1．dangerous 2．heard 3．pollution 4．like 5．especially 6．harmed 7．because 8．as 9．rules 10．If 11．a 12．them 13．washes 14．to 15．up 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三手烟的含义、危害以及避免三手烟伤害的相关做法。 【详解】1．句意：每个人都知道二手烟和一手烟一样危险。“as+形容词原级+as”为固定结构，表示“和……一样”；系动词is后接形容词作表语，danger需变为形容词形式dangerous。 2．句意：但是你听说过三手烟吗？本句为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，hear需要变为过去分词形式heard。 3．句意：三手烟是指残留在周围物体表面，如家具或衣物上的污染物。此处作means的宾语，需用名词，pollute的名词形式pollution意为“污染物，污染”，不可数名词，填原形即可。 4．句意：三手烟是指残留在周围物体表面，如家具或衣物上的污染物。后文“furniture or clothes”用来列举事物，介词like意为“比如，像”，用于举例，符合语境。 5．句意：这会对家人造成巨大危害，尤其是孩子。此处用来对children进行强调，需要副词作状语；especial的副词形式especially意为“尤其，特别”，符合语境。 6．句意：婴儿更容易受到三手烟的伤害。本句主语They和harm之间是逻辑上的被动关系，“be+过去分词”构成被动语态，表示“被伤害”，harm需变成过去分词harmed。 7．句意：这是因为他们经常靠近各种物体的表面，比如地板、墙壁和家具，这些地方都残留着烟草颗粒。前句说明婴儿更容易受伤害这一现象，本句解释产生该现象的原因；连词because引导表语从句，用来说明原因，表示“因为”，符合语境。 8．句意：这是因为他们经常靠近各种物体的表面，比如地板、墙壁和家具，这些地方都残留着烟草颗粒。固定短语such as意为“例如”，用于列举例子。故填as。 9．句意：为了实现这一目标，应该执行严格的室内禁烟规定。rule是可数名词，本空前没有限定词修饰，需要使用复数形式rules表示泛指。 10．句意：如果你的家庭成员有人吸烟，请确保他在屋外吸烟。本句为条件状语从句，表达“如果”含义，用if引导，句首首字母大写。 11．句意：给他准备一件专用外套和一顶帽子，这样他吸完烟，进屋前就可以把它们脱掉。jacket是可数名词单数，此处表泛指一件，缺少不定冠词。special以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 12．句意：给他准备一件专用外套和一顶帽子，这样他吸完烟，进屋前就可以把它们脱掉。动词take后用人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them，指代上文的jacket and a hat。 13．句意：此外，确保吸烟者抱宝宝之前要洗手洗脸并且更换衣物。全文时态为一般现在时，本句与全文保持一致。make sure that后接宾语从句，主语a smoker是单数，一般现在时谓语动词要用第三人称单数，wash变为washes。 14．句意：很多时候，你看不见烟雾在伤害你的孩子，但这不代表他/她就是安全的。固定搭配do harm to意为“对……造成伤害”，故填to。 15．句意：戒烟，如果做不到，务必让你爱的人远离三手烟。固定搭配give up意为“放弃；戒除”，give up smoking表示“戒烟”，故填up。 Passage 2 Many years have passed, but I still remember the last day of my high school summer camp in the countryside. I sat on my bed, and 1 (sudden) there was a loud noise—The wooden bed board broke in two. My roommates looked at me in surprise, and I felt really 2 (embarrass). I wanted to say that the quality of the bed was poor, but I knew 3 real reason: I was too heavy. I was 1.72 meters tall, and I 4 (weigh) 95 kilograms. Every day, I just sat there doing homework or 5 (use) the computer. What’s 6 (bad), my parents always put lots of meat on my plate, hoping I’d get stronger. But now, more 7 (bed) and chairs might be in danger. A study says 50.7% of adults and 19% of school kids in China 8 (be) overweight. Many adults say they don’t have time to exercise. They don’t have time to cook 9 home, so they often eat out 10 have a takeaway. After breaking that bed, I decided 11 (change) myself. I was too busy 12 go to the gym, so I tried to stay active every day. I still do this now. Some days, I cycle 10 kilometers home from work. Other days, I take a bus but get off one stop earlier and walk the rest. On weekends, I usually clean the house, and this 13 (keep) me active. With enough exercise and eating healthier food, I 14 (lose) 21 kilograms since high school. I’m happy that 15 (I) health condition has gotten better too. You don’t have to break a bed to start getting fit. To form a healthy habit, it’s better to start sooner rather than later. 【答案】 1．suddenly 2．embarrassed 3．the 4．weighed 5．using 6．worse 7．beds 8．are 9．at 10．or 11．to change 12．to 13．keeps 14．have lost 15．my 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过回忆高中时压坏床板的尴尬经历，引出中国超重问题，并讲述自己通过坚持锻炼和健康饮食成功减重、改善健康状况的过程，强调了养成健康习惯的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：我坐在床上，突然传来一声巨响——木板床断成了两截。空格处需用副词修饰句子“there was a loud noise”，表示“突然地”。sudden的副词形式为suddenly。 2．句意：室友们惊讶地看着我，我感到非常尴尬。felt为系动词，后接形容词作表语；主语为I，描述人的感受，embarrass需变为-ed形式的形容词embarrassed。 3．句意：我想说床的质量太差，但我知道真正的原因：是我太重了。空格后为名词短语real reason，此处特指“真正的原因”，需用定冠词the表特指。 4．句意：我身高1.72米，体重95公斤。此处描述过去的状态，应用一般过去时。weigh的过去式为weighed。 5．句意：每天，我只是坐在那里做作业或者用电脑。or连接并列结构，与前面的doing homework保持一致，均作sat there的伴随状语，use需用using。 6．句意：更糟糕的是，我父母总是在我盘子里放很多肉，希望我变得更强壮。固定搭配What’s worse表示“更糟糕的是”，bad的比较级为worse。 7．句意：但现在，更多的床和椅子可能处于危险之中。more后接可数名词复数，与chairs并列，bed需变为复数形式beds。 8．句意：一项研究表明，中国50.7%的成年人和19%的学生超重。主语为“50.7% of adults and 19% of school kids”，核心词adults和kids为复数，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，be动词用are。 9．句意：他们没有时间在家做饭，所以他们经常出去吃或者点外卖。固定搭配at home表示“在家”。故填at。 10．句意：他们没有时间在家做饭，所以他们经常出去吃或者点外卖。eat out与have a takeaway为选择关系，需用连词or连接。 11．句意：压坏那张床后，我决定改变自己。固定搭配decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，后接动词不定式to change。 12．句意：我太忙了，没时间去健身房。固定结构too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，to后接动词原形。故填to。 13．句意：周末，我通常会打扫房子，这让我保持活跃。此处陈述现在的习惯，应用一般现在时；主语this为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式keeps。 14．句意：通过足够的锻炼和更健康的饮食，我从高中以来已经减掉了21公斤。时间状语since high school为现在完成时的标志，表示从过去持续到现在的动作；主语为I，助动词用have，lose的过去分词为lost。故填have lost。 15．句意：我很高兴我的健康状况也变好了。空格后为名词短语health condition，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，I的形容词性物主代词为my。 Passage 3 Eating healthy food and doing exercise are important for our health. We know the 1 (important) of keeping healthy. Every day, we need to eat different kinds of food, 2 vegetables, fruit and meat. Vegetables and fruit are good for us 3 they have vitamins and minerals. We should eat 4 (they) every day. Meat is also important because it gives us protein. Protein helps us grow strong. Bread and rice make us 5 (energy). We need energy to do our daily 6 (activity). Eating too much junk food is bad for us. Junk food has a lot of fat and sugar. It can make us feel 7 (tire) and unwell. So, we should try to eat more healthy food and 8 (little) junk food. If you cook your own meals, you can make healthy and 9 (balance) meals. Exercise is also important. Exercise 10 (help) us keep fit. It makes our bodies strong and healthy. We can do different kinds of exercise, such 11 running, swimming and playing ball games. Running is 12 good way to exercise. It helps us 13 (breath) better and makes our hearts stronger. We can also try other activities like 14 (dance) and doing yoga. Dancing is a fun way 15 (exercise) and it makes us happy. Yoga helps us relax and stay calm. 【答案】 1．importance 2．like 3．because 4．them 5．energetic 6．activities 7．tired 8．less 9．balanced 10．helps 11．as 12．a 13．to breathe/breathe 14．dancing 15．to exercise 【导语】本文围绕健康展开，分为健康饮食与规律运动两部分：讲解各类天然食物的营养作用、垃圾食品的危害，倡导均衡膳食；同时介绍多种运动方式及其对身体的益处，告诉我们饮食与运动结合才能维持身心健康。 【详解】1．句意：我们明白保持健康的重要性。 定冠词the后接名词，important的名词形式importance；the importance of “……的重要性”。 2．句意：我们每天需要吃不同种类的食物，比如蔬菜、水果和肉类。此处对不同种类的食物举例，用介词like表示“比如”。 3．句意：蔬菜和水果对我们有益，因为它们含有维生素和矿物质。后半句解释蔬果有益的原因，because引导原因状语从句。 4．句意：我们应该每天吃它们。动词eat后用人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。 5．句意：面包和米饭让我们精力充沛。固定搭配make sb.+形容词“让某人……”，energy的形容词energetic（精力充沛的）作宾语补足语。 6．句意：我们需要能量来完成日常活动。daily后接可数名词复数，activity复数activities。 7．句意：它会让我们感到疲惫、身体不适。 feel后接形容词，形容人的感受用tired（疲惫的）。 8．句意：所以我们应该尽量多吃健康食物，少吃垃圾食品。 and前后为比较级并列，more对应little的比较级less（更少的）。 9．句意：如果你自己做饭，就能做出健康均衡的餐食。形容词修饰名词meals，balance的形容词balanced（均衡的）。 10．句意：运动帮助我们保持健康。 主语Exercise是不可数名词，一般现在时，谓语用helps。 11．句意：我们可以做多种运动，例如跑步、游泳和球类运动。 固定搭配such as，意为“例如”，用来举例。 12．句意：跑步是一种很好的运动方式。此处泛指“一种好的锻炼方式”，good以辅音音素开头，不定冠词a表示 “一种”。 13．句意：它帮助我们呼吸更顺畅，让心脏更强健。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，breath是名词，对应动词是breathe。 14．句意：我们也可以尝试其他活动，比如跳舞、练瑜伽。 like是介词，后接动名词；与后文“doing yoga”并列，dance变动名词dancing。 15．句意：跳舞是一种有趣的锻炼方式，还能让我们快乐。 固定搭配a way to do sth.“做某事的一种方式”，故填to exercise。 Passage 4 Some people don’t like sports. They think that sports make them 1 (tire) and smell bad. They say, “Playing sports is 2 total waste of time. ” To these people, I politely say, “You have not discovered the fun of sports!” Let me share 3 you a basketball game I played two weeks ago. Our parents and friends all came 4 (cheer) for us. A lot of people 5 (watch) the game at that time. We longed to win the game with such a large gathering. The game was nearly over, and we were two 6 (point) behind. Our coach called us together and said, “Okay, this is it! Either we score now 7 the game is over. Let's work hard to score. Even if we don't score, at least we know that we 8 (try) our best already. Come on, boys. Don’t think too much. It doesn’t matter if we lose. Just do it. ” Well, in the last minute of the game, we 9 (true) scored and two teams tied: 94:94. We went into overtime and we 10 (lose) at last. But after the game, all of us 11 (hug) by our coach excitedly. He told us that he was so proud of us because he had never seen a team try 12 (hard) than us. To be honest, I get a lot of 13 (please) from playing sports. It makes me strong 14 happy. So my advice is to choose a sport and keep 15 (do) it. Do remember it’s never too late to play sports! 【答案】 1．tired 2．a 3．with 4．to cheer 5．were watching 6．points 7．or 8．have tried 9．truly 10．lost 11．were hugged 12．harder 13．pleasure 14．and 15．doing 【导语】本文作者分享了自己两周前的一场篮球比赛经历，球队逆风拼搏，虽最终失利，但收获了运动带来的快乐与成长，呼吁大家坚持运动。 【详解】1．句意：他们认为体育运动让他们疲惫、身上还有异味。固定结构make sb. + 形容词，形容人感到疲惫，使用tired。 2．句意：他们说“做运动完全是浪费时间”。固定搭配a total waste of time，表示“完全浪费时间”，填不定冠词a。 3．句意：让我和你分享一场我两周前参加的篮球赛。固定搭配share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”，填介词with。 4．句意：我们的父母和朋友都来为我们加油。固定搭配come to do sth.表示“来做某事”，填不定式to cheer。 5．句意：当时有很多人正在观看比赛。at that time为过去进行时标志，主语people为复数，填were watching。 6．句意：比赛快要结束，我们落后两分。two后面接可数名词复数，point变为points“分”。 7．句意：要么我们现在得分，要么比赛结束。固定结构either…or…“要么……要么”，填连词or。 8．句意：就算我们没能得分，至少我们已经拼尽全力了。already为现在完成时标志，主语we，填have tried。 9．句意：比赛最后一分钟，我们真的得分了，两队比分94比94打平。副词修饰动词scored，true变为truly“真地”。 10．句意：我们进入加时赛，最终输掉了比赛。故事整体为一般过去时，lose的过去式lost“输掉”。 11．句意：赛后，我们所有人都被教练激动地拥抱了。主语all of us与hug是被动关系，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，填were hugged。 12．句意：他从未见过一支球队比我们更加努力。than提示使用副词比较级，hard的比较级harder。 13．句意：说实话，我从体育运动中收获了许多快乐。a lot of后接名词，please的名词形式pleasure，意为“快乐”。 14．句意：运动让我强壮又开心。strong和happy是并列的形容词，用and连接。 15．句意：所以我的建议是选一项运动并坚持做下去。固定搭配keep doing sth.“坚持做某事”，填doing。 话题2 人际交往（共4篇） Passage 1 Do you sometimes find it hard to talk to your parents? You’re not alone. Communication is a two-way street 1 it requires effort from both sides. Here are some tips to build 2 better relationship with them. First, choose the right moment. Avoid bringing up a difficult topic when your parents are 3 (stress) or in a hurry. Instead, find a quiet time, like during a family walk after dinner. This simple 4 (choose) can make a big difference in how your message is received. Second, listen 5 (active). Don’t just wait for your turn to speak. Try to understand their opinions. Show that you 6 (listen) by nodding or saying “I see.” This shows respect for their feelings, even if you disagree 7 their opinion. Third, use “I” instead of “You”. For example, say “I feel worried when I get poor grades.” rather than “You are too strict about my lessons.” This helps avoid sounding 8 you’re blaming them. 9 (four), be honest but respectful. If you make a mistake, admit it. If you have a different opinion, express it 10 (calm). Remember, the purpose is not 11 (win) an argument. You just want to find a better way to solve the problem. Finally, 12 a conversation becomes too heated, it’s okay to take a break. You can say, “I need a few 13 (minute) to calm down. Can we talk about this 14 (late) ?” This shows maturity (成熟), not avoidance. Good communication can turn a possible conflict (争执) into a chance to get 15 (close). It takes practice, but the reward— a stronger, more trusting relation-ship— is well worth the effort. 【答案】 1．and 2．a 3．stressed 4．choice 5．actively 6．are listening 7．with 8．like 9．Fourth 10．calmly 11．to win 12．if/when 13．minutes 14．later 15．closer 【导语】本文主要给出青少年与父母有效沟通的几条实用建议，帮助建立更好的亲子关系。 【详解】1．句意：沟通是一条双向的路，并且它需要双方共同付出努力。前后两个完整陈述句，语义顺承并列，需要填并列连词，所以填and。 2．句意：这里有一些和他们建立更好关系的建议。“relationship”是可数名词单数，“better”是辅音音素开头，需要填不定冠词，所以填a。 3．句意：当你的父母压力大或者很匆忙的时候，避免提起棘手的话题。be动词“are”后接形容词作表语，修饰人时，stress变为形容词stressed。 4．句意：这个简单的选择会对你的信息被接收的方式产生很大影响。simple是形容词，后接名词，“this”提示填名词单数，choose的名词形式为choice。 5．句意：第二，积极地倾听。“listen”是动词，需要副词修饰，active的副词为actively。 6．句意：通过点头或者说“我明白了”来表明你正在倾听。语境表示此刻正在进行的动作，“that”引导宾语从句，句子为现在进行时，应填are listening。 7．句意：即使你不认同他们的观点，这也体现出对他们感受的尊重。固定短语：disagree with sth. 表示“不赞同某物”，所以填with。 8．句意：这有助于避免听起来好像你在指责他们。后面是从句，表达“好像”的含义，应填like。 9．句意：第四，要诚实但也要懂得尊重他人。前面“First/Second/Third”，此处表顺序，句首大写，应填Fourth。 10．句意：如果你有不同的观点，冷静地表达出来。“express”是动词，副词修饰动词，“calm”是形容词，需要变形为副词calmly，所以填calmly。 11．句意：记住，目的并不是赢得一场争吵。be not后面作表语，表达要做的事情，用不定式to do，所以填to win。 12．句意：最后，如果/当谈话变得过于激烈时，暂停一下是可以的。引导时间/条件状语从句，“当……/如果……”，连词用when/if，所以填when/if。 13．句意：我需要几分钟冷静一下。“a few”后面接可数名词复数，minute的复数为minutes，所以填minutes。 14．句意：我们可以稍后再谈论这件事吗？修饰整个句子，需要填副词，表示“稍后，late变形为副词later，所以填later。 15．句意：良好的沟通可以把潜在冲突变为关系变得更加亲密的机会。get+比较级，表示“变得更……”，close的比较级是closer，所以填closer。 Passage 2 Sometimes we get lost or need help. We might have 1 (difficult) finding the washroom, a bookstore, or the parking lot. We might need someone 2 (fix) the toilet. In these 3 (situation), it’s important to know how to ask for help politely. First, find someone who can help. Use polite ways to get 4 (someone) attention. You can start by 5 (say) “Pardon me.” or “Excuse me.” Next, try to ask 6 help. Say “Could you please tell me the way to the washroom?” or “Could you show me how to get to the mall?” Remember 7 (say) “please” and “thank you”. These small words show respect. Third, don’t use direct questions, 8 they are less polite. For example, you should ask “Could you tell me where the postcard section is? ” instead 9 “Where is the postcard section?” 10 (four), if you didn’t hear the answer, you can say, “Pardon?” or “Could you repeat that, please?” They are 11 (good) than “What?” Finally, try not 12 (rush). Speak 13 (slow) and listen carefully. Most people 14 (be) happy to help if you ask politely. In short, being kind and using correct words can help you get 15 help you need. Asking for help is not just about what you ask. It also has something to do with how you ask. 【答案】 1．difficulty 2．to fix 3．situations 4．someone’s 5．saying 6．for 7．to say 8．because 9．of 10．Fourth 11．better 12．to rush 13．slowly 14．will be 15．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在遇到困难或需要帮助时，如何礼貌地向他人求助。 【详解】1．句意：我们可能在找洗手间、书店或停车场时会遇到困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定结构，意为“做某事有困难”，此处需用名词形式，difficult的名词为difficulty。 2．句意：我们可能需要有人来修理厕所。need sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“需要某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to fix。 3．句意：在这些情况下，知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助很重要。these后接可数名词复数形式，situation的复数为situations。 4．句意：用礼貌的方式引起某人的注意。空格后是名词attention，需用所有格修饰，someone的所有格为someone’s。 5．句意：你可以先说“劳驾”或“打扰一下”。by是介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式，say的动名词为saying。 6．句意：接下来，试着请求帮助。ask for help是固定短语，意为“请求帮助”。 7．句意：记得说“请”和“谢谢”。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事（事情还未做）”，符合语境。故填to say。 8．句意：第三，不要使用直接的问题，因为它们不太礼貌。前后句之间是因果关系，后句解释不使用直接问题的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。 9．句意：例如，你应该问“你能告诉我明信片区在哪里吗？”而不是“明信片区在哪里？”。instead of是固定短语，意为“而不是”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 10．句意：第四，如果你没听清答案，你可以说“请再说一遍？”或“能请你重复一下吗？”。根据前文的First, Next, Third可知，此处表示顺序“第四”，应用序数词fourth，位于句首首字母大写。 11．句意：它们比“什么？”更好。than是比较级的标志词，good的比较级为better。 12．句意：最后，尽量不要着急。try not to do sth.是固定结构，意为“尽量不要做某事”。故填to rush。 13．句意：慢慢说，仔细听。空格处修饰动词speak，需用副词形式，slow的副词为slowly。 14．句意：如果你礼貌地询问，大多数人都会乐意帮忙。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故填will be。 15．句意：总之，友善并使用正确的词语可以帮助你获得你需要的帮助。help后有定语从句“you need”修饰，特指“你需要的帮助”，应用定冠词the。 Passage 3 Most children may argue with others. They sometimes end 1 (they) friendship over small disagreements. It is 2 silly and unnecessary mistake. Last week, our class 3 (plan) a charity event. But a few mistakes made some want 4 (cancel) it.Our school president is Mia. She never breaks 5 (she) word. “Let’s not give up. Fix this with proper communication instead 6 giving it up.   Some classmates were absent 7 the planning meeting. 8 Mia called them to share ideas. She asked their 9 (opinion) and listened carefully. It’s a shame we almost 10 (give) it up. Mia encouraged us, “If we work as a team, we 11 (succeed).” 12 (hopeful), our hard work paid off. We sold homemade cookies and drawings, and many people supported us. In the end, we raised enough money for the charity. We were all 13 (satisfy) with the result. This 14 (success) event taught us that kindness can heal the divide. Good 15 (lead) don’t just give orders. They bring people together to do something meaningful. 【答案】 1．their 2．a 3．planned 4．to cancel 5．her 6．of 7．from 8．So 9．opinions 10．gave 11．will succeed 12．Hopefully 13．satisfied 14．successful 15．leaders 【导语】本文讲述了班级筹备慈善活动时遭遇挫折，学生会主席Mia主动沟通、团结同学，最终活动圆满成功，告诉我们良好的沟通与优秀的领导力能化解分歧、凝聚众人完成有意义的事。 【详解】1．句意：他们有时会因为一点小小的分歧而结束彼此的友谊。 空后是名词friendship，需要形容词性物主代词修饰；括号给出主格they，变形为their，表示“他们的”。 2．句意：这是一个愚蠢且没必要的错误。 mistake是可数名词单数，silly以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 3．句意：上周，我们班策划了一场慈善活动。时间标志词Last week，确定时态为一般过去时；plan的过去式为planned。 4．句意：但几处失误让一些人想要取消这场活动。 固定搭配want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，因此动词cancel变为不定式to cancel。 5．句意：她从不食言。“我们不要放弃，用恰当的沟通解决问题，而不是就此放弃。”。固定搭配break one’s word表示“食言、违背承诺”；主语是She，对应的形容词性物主代词为her，修饰名词word。 6．句意：用恰当沟通解决问题，而不是放弃这件事。 固定短语instead of doing sth.表示“而不是做某事”。 7．句意：一些同学缺席了策划会议。固定搭配be absent from，意为“缺席……”。 8．句意：一些同学缺席了策划会议，于是Mia打电话联系他们征集想法。 前后两句为因果顺承关系，so在此处表“于是”，前句说同学缺席，后句讲Mia主动联系，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：她询问了他们所有人的看法，并认真倾听。 their后接可数名词复数；opinion意为“观点、看法”，复数形式opinions。 10．句意：我们差点就放弃了，真是可惜。 本句叙事为过去发生的故事，时态用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。 11．句意：Mia鼓励我们：“如果我们团队协作，我们就会成功。” if 引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则；从句work为一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时will succeed。 12．句意：令人满怀希望的是，我们的努力得到了回报。 空格修饰整个后面完整句子，需副词作评注性状语；括号hopeful是形容词，副词变形为hopefully，句首首字母大写。 13．句意：我们所有人都对这个结果感到满意。 固定搭配be satisfied with，意为“对……感到满意”；修饰人用-ed形容词satisfied。 14．句意：这场成功的活动教会我们善意能够化解隔阂。空后名词event，需要形容词修饰；名词success变形为形容词successful。 15．句意：优秀的领导者不只是下达命令，他们凝聚众人去做有意义的事。谓语动词don’t为原形，说明主语是复数；动词lead变形为表人的名词leader，复数形式leaders。 Passage 4 Many people draw on paper, 1 few paint on stones. And that is 2 (exact) what Mo Wuying is doing. The artist from Chongqing has been doing this for more than eight years. And 3 animals she paints on stones are truly lifelike. The poses (姿势) of animals she creates 4 (decide) by the shapes of the stones. Mo says it is an art form that requires creative 5 (idea). According to Mo, the 6 (one) step is to draw the outline of an animal on a stone. Then she colors it 7 (make) it lively. After that, she adds all the details. Driven by her love of painting from a young age, Mo has been improving 8 (she) stone painting skills for years. 9 the beginning, she tried her hand at scenery and characters. In the past three years, she has 10 (focus) on painting animals. Mo has finished 11 (hundred) of stone paintings so far. “The longer I work on it, the 12 (interesting) I find it,” said Mo proudly. She sometimes even forgets to eat or sleep 13 the painting takes up all her attention. “It is 14 (relax) to paint on stones and it makes me patient,” said Mo, adding that she would continue 15 (work) on it. 【答案】 1．but 2．exactly 3．the 4．are decided 5．ideas 6．first 7．to make 8．her 9．In 10．focused 11．hundreds 12．more interesting 13．because 14．relaxing 15．working 【导语】本文主要介绍重庆艺术家莫武英的石头绘画，讲述她的作画步骤、多年创作经历以及对石绘艺术的热爱。 【详解】1．句意：很多人在纸上画画，但很少有人在石头上作画。前后句存在转折关系，用并列连词but，表示“但是”。 2．句意：而这恰恰就是莫武英正在做的事。修饰整个表语从句，要用副词，exact的副词形式是exactly，意为“恰恰，正好”。 3．句意：并且她画在石头上的那些动物栩栩如生。“animals”后面有定语从句“she paints on stones”修饰，表特指，填定冠词the。 4．句意：她创作的动物姿态由石头的形状所决定。主语“The poses”和“decide”是被动关系，主语是复数，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，一般现在时被动语态：are + 过去分词，所以填are decided。 5．句意：莫武英说这是一门需要创造性想法的艺术形式。idea是可数名词，前面没有单数限定词，此处表示泛指，用复数ideas。 6．句意：据莫武英介绍，第一步是在石头上画出动物的轮廓。表达“第一”要用序数词，one的序数词是first。 7．句意：然后她给它上色，来使它生动鲜活。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示上色的目的，所以填to make。 8．句意：年少时就热爱绘画，多年来莫武英一直在提升她的石画技艺。后面有名词“stone painting skills”，要用形容词性物主代词，she对应的形容词性物主代词是her。 9．句意：一开始，她尝试画风景和人物。in the beginning意为“起初，在开始的时候”，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：在过去三年里，她专注于画动物。“In the past three years”是现在完成时标志，结构：have/has + 过去分词，focus的过去分词是focused。 11．句意：到目前为止，莫武英已经完成了数百幅石画。固定搭配：hundreds of，表示“数百的，成百上千的”，所以填hundreds。 12．句意：莫武英自豪地说：“我从事它的时间越久，我就越觉得它有趣。” 句型the+比较级，the+比较级表示 “越……就越……”，“interesting”是多音节形容词，比较级是more interesting。 13．句意：有时她甚至废寝忘食，因为绘画占据了她全部注意力。后半句是原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 14．句意：“在石头上作画令人放松，也让我变得有耐心。” 莫武英说道，她补充说会继续从事这项艺术。固定句型：It is +形容词 +to do sth，修饰事物用‑ing的形容词，relax的形容词是relaxing，意为“令人放松的”。 15．句意：“在石头上作画令人放松，也让我变得有耐心。” 莫武英说道，她补充说会继续从事这项艺术。固定搭配：continue doing sth.“继续做同一件事”，所以填working。 话题3 艺术审美 （共4篇） Passage 1 Do you like watching lion dance? It’s a 1 (tradition) Chinese art form. The lion dance is one of the most popular folk dances in China. In Chinese tradition, the lion is considered 2 a mascot (吉祥物) which can bring good luck. In the lion dance, two people can act as a lion, one waving the lion head and 3 other waving the lion body and the lion tail. Or we can hold a silk ball 4 (play) with the lion. After more than two thousand years of 5 (develop), there are many kinds of lion dances. When it is the Lantern Festival or other festivals, people often organize lion dance because it 6 (believe) to bring good luck and happiness. In the 1990s, lion dance competitions 7 (appear). In 2021, a girls’ lion dance team from the “Hexingtang” lion dance troupe (剧团) won the 8 (one) place in a competition. In the beginning, the troupe only accepted 9 (boy). In 2018, six 10 (talent) girls were taken in. Now there 11 (be) 20 girls in it. Among them, the oldest girl is eighteen, and the 12 (young) one is only six years old. 13 (they) training is hard. The trainer doesn’t set easier training goals just 14 they are girls. They know 15 they want to do and hope to do it well. 【答案】 1．traditional 2．as 3．the 4．to play 5．development 6．is believed 7．appeared 8．first 9．boys 10．talented 11．are 12．youngest 13．Their 14．because 15．what 【导语】本文介绍中国传统艺术形式“舞狮”的历史、形式及一支女子舞狮队的故事。 【详解】1．句意：这是一种中国传统艺术形式。空格后是名词“Chinese art form”，需用形容词作定语修饰，tradition的形容词形式是traditional。 2．句意：在中国传统中，狮子被认为是带来好运的吉祥物。“be considered as”是动词短语，意为“被认为是”，为固定搭配，故用as。 3．句意：舞狮时，两个人扮演一头狮子，一人举狮头，另一人舞动狮身与狮尾。“one...the other...”是固定搭配，意为“一个……另一个……”，需用定冠词the。 4．句意：或者我们可以举着绣球，用来和狮子互动嬉闹。空格处表示拿绣球的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to play。 5．句意：历经两千多年的发展，如今诞生了多种舞狮流派。介词“of”后需接名词，develop的名词形式是development。 6．句意：每逢元宵节或其他节日，人们常会举办舞狮表演，因为人们相信舞狮能带来好运与幸福。主语“it”与动词“believe”之间是被动关系，且句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态，故用is believed。 7．句意：20 世纪 90 年代，舞狮比赛出现了。时间状语“In the 1990s”是过去时的标志，需用一般过去时，appear的过去式是appeared。 8．句意：2021 年，来自 “合兴堂” 舞狮剧团的一支女子舞狮队在一场赛事中斩获第一名。表示“第一名”需用序数词，one的序数词是first。 9．句意：起初，这个剧团只招收男孩。空格前“accepted”后需接名词作宾语，boy为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用复数形式boys。 10．句意：2018 年，六名有天赋的女孩被剧团招收。空格后是名词“girls”，需用形容词作定语修饰，talent的形容词形式是talented“有天赋的”。 11．句意：现在里面有20个女孩。There be句型中，主语“20 girls”是复数，句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时，be动词用are。 12．句意：她们当中，年龄最大的女孩十八岁，年纪最小的仅有六岁。空格前“the”后需接形容词最高级，young的最高级是youngest。 13．句意：她们的训练很艰苦。空格后是名词“training”，需用形容词性物主代词作定语，指代“她们的”，they对应的形容词性物主代词是Their，位于句首首字母大写。 14．句意：教练不会因为她们是女孩就设定更容易的训练目标。空格后是完整句子，解释原因，需用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。 15．句意：她们清楚自己想要做什么，并且希望把这件事做好。空格处引导宾语从句，在从句中作“do”的宾语，表示“所做的事情”，需用连接代词what。 Passage 2 Traditional Chinese art is a priceless heritage that keeps itself 1 (live) through centuries. Chinese calligraphy and drama are two popular 2 (artist) forms.   Many legendary 3 (calligraphy) devoted their lifetimes to creating masterpieces, and their works are still worth 4 (appreciate) today. To make ink for calligraphy, 5 (art) usually grind ink sticks on ink slabs and mix the powder with water carefully. Every stroke in their works 6 (show) unique artistic styles and deep emotions. Drama, another great art form, involves many people. Traditional drama which is often based 7 historical stories or folk legends, also plays 8 significant role in Chinese culture. A talented playwright writes wonderful dialogues, while actors and 9 (act) bring characters to life on stage. The 10 (direct) and the whole team 11 (involve) in every detail, from designing costumes to managing the budget. 12 the plots may be complex, the harmony between music and the performance is always 13 (impress). Both calligraphy and drama 14 (rich) people’s spiritual life and make great contributions to cultural inheritance. 15 all art forms, they are no exception — their beauty lies in passing down the essence of Chinese civilization. 【答案】 1．alive 2．artistic 3．calligraphers 4．appreciating 5．artists 6．shows 7．on 8．a 9．actresses 10．director 11．are involved 12．Although/Though 13．impressive 14．enrich 15．Among 【导语】本文介绍了书法和戏剧两种中国传统艺术形式，阐述了其艺术特色、创作演绎过程，点明二者丰富了人们的精神生活，是中华文明传承的重要载体。 【详解】1．句意：中国传统艺术是无价的遗产，历经数个世纪依然生生不息。此处为固定搭配keep oneself alive，表示“保持生机、生生不息”，空处需用形容词作宾语补足语，live的形容词形式是alive，意为“活着的、有活力的”，符合语境。 2．句意：中国书法和戏剧是两种广受欢迎的艺术形式。空处修饰名词forms，需用形容词作定语，artist对应的形容词是artistic，意为“艺术的”，artistic forms为固定搭配，意为“艺术形式”。 3．句意：许多传奇书法家毕生致力于创作名作。Many（许多）后接可数名词复数，calligraphy意为“书法”，其对应的职业名词是calligrapher，意为“书法家”，复数形式为calligraphers。 4．句意：他们的作品如今依然值得欣赏。此处为固定用法be worth doing sth.，表示“值得做某事”，主动形式表被动含义，故填appreciate的动名词形式appreciating。 5．句意：为了制作书法用墨，艺术家们通常仔细研磨砚台、调和墨汁。空处在句中作主语，结合句意可知此处指从事书法创作的艺术从业者，用名词复数表泛指，art对应的指人的名词artist的复数artists，意为“艺术家、艺人”，符合语境。 6．句意：作品中的每一笔都彰显着独特的艺术风格和深厚的情感。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Every stroke（每一个笔画）是单数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填shows。 7．句意：传统戏剧通常以历史故事或民间传说为蓝本。此处为固定搭配be based on，表示“以……为基础、基于……”，故填介词on。 8．句意：传统戏剧在中国文化中也扮演着重要角色。此处为固定搭配play a significant role in...，表示“在……中发挥重要作用”，significant为辅音音素开头的单词，故填不定冠词a。 9．句意：才华横溢的剧作家撰写精彩的台词，男女演员在舞台上赋予角色生命力。and连接并列名词，actors（男演员）对应女演员，act的职业名词是actress，意为“女演员”，与actors对应需用复数形式actresses。 10．句意：导演和整个团队参与从服装设计到预算管理的每一个细节。空处与team并列作主语，结合句意可知此处指戏剧创作的核心人员，direct对应的名词是director，意为“导演”，符合语境。 11．句意：导演和整个团队参与从服装设计到预算管理的每一个细节。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语the director and the whole team为复数概念；固定搭配be involved in表示“参与、涉及”，故填are involved。 12．句意：虽然剧情可能复杂，但音乐与表演的契合始终令人印象深刻。前后分句为转折让步关系，意为“虽然、尽管”，句首字母需大写，故填Although/Though引导让步状语从句。 13．句意：虽然剧情可能复杂，但音乐与表演的契合始终令人印象深刻。空处作表语，修饰事物，需用形容词，impress对应的形容词是impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”，符合语境。 14．句意：书法和戏剧丰富了人们的精神生活，为文化传承做出了巨大贡献。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Both calligraphy and drama为复数，空处作谓语，需用动词原形，rich对应的动词是enrich，意为“丰富”，故填enrich。 15．句意：在所有艺术形式中，它们也不例外——其魅力在于传承中华文明的精髓。结合句意可知，此处表示“在众多艺术形式之中”，指三者及以上范围，用介词Among，句首字母大写。 Passage 3 Traditional Chinese culture has many art forms 1 help shape people’s personalities. For example, guqin, weiqi, calligraphy and painting 2 (consider) the four traditional arts of the literati (文人). Among them, Chinese calligraphy is an art that uses brushes and ink as 3 (it) tool and paper as its stage, performing the 4 (beautiful) of Chinese characters. It has 5 long history and is loved by people all over the world. The 6 (develop) of Chinese calligraphy began with the earliest Chinese characters 7 (discover) on oracle bones from the Shang Dynasty in Anyang, Henan Province. In ancient times, it was not only a necessary skill for the literati, 8 also a means of self-cultivation (自我修养). The key to practicing calligraphy 9 (lie) in the unity of the mind and the hand. Speed, 10 (strong) and agility (敏捷) are all important for creating fine calligraphy works. Actually, many 11 (calligraphy) find that they can forget their worries when writing. They feel calm and they are 12 (immerse) in both the surroundings and themselves. In this way, calligraphy serves 13 a path to inner peace. Today, even though there are many new ways 14 (record) information and express thoughts and ideas, calligraphy is still popular. Many people regard it as a 15 (value) part of our culture and hope that it can be passed down for generations. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．are considered 3．its 4．beauty 5．a 6．development 7．discovered 8．but 9．lies 10．strength 11．calligraphers 12．immersed 13．as 14．to record 15．valuable 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国书法。 【详解】1．句意：传统中国文化有许多帮助塑造性格的艺术形式。分析句子结构，空处应填关系词引导定语从句；先行词forms指物，应填that/which。 2．句意：比如，琴棋书画被认为是文人的四大传统艺术。根据句意，主语“guqin, weiqi, calligraphy and painting”和动词consider是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”；主语是复数，be动词用are；consider的过去分词是considered。 3．句意：在它们之中，中国书法是一门以笔墨为工具、以纸张为舞台，展现汉字之美的艺术。空处应填形容词性物主代词，修饰空后的名词tool；it需变its“它的”。 4．句意：在它们之中，中国书法是一门以笔墨为工具、以纸张为舞台，展现汉字之美的艺术。定冠词the和介词of中间应填名词，beautiful的名词形式为beauty。 5．句意：它有着悠久的历史，被全世界的人喜爱。空处应填不定冠词，表示泛指；history是辅音音素开头的单词，应填a。 6．句意：中国书法的发展始于河南安阳商代甲骨上发现的最早汉字。定冠词the和介词of中间应填名词，develop的名词形式为development。 7．句意：中国书法的发展始于河南安阳商代甲骨上发现的最早汉字。此处过去分词作后置定语，修饰Chinese characters，表示“被发现的汉字”，表被动，discover的过去的分词是discovered。 8．句意：在古代，它不仅是文人的必备技能，也是一种自我修养的方式。固定搭配not only...but also...，意为“不仅……而且……”。 9．句意：练习书法的关键是手脑结合。分析句子结构，主语“The key to”是单数，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，lie的三单形式是lies。 10．句意：速度，力量和敏捷对于创作杰出的书法作品而言都很重要。空处与名词“speed”和“agility”并列，应填strong的名词形式strength，表示“力量”。 11．句意：实际上，许多书法家发现当写字时，他们忘记了烦恼。many后接可数名词复数，此处表示“书法家”，空前有many修饰，应填复数形式calligraphers。 12．句意：他们感到平静，自己和周围环境融为一体。 固定搭配be immersed in表示“沉浸于……”，故填immersed。 13．句意：这样一来，书法就成了通往内心平静的一种途径。固定搭配serve as表示“充当，作为”，故填as 14．句意：今天，尽管有许多记录信息的新方式。固定搭配way to do sth表示“做某事的方式”，用不定式作后置定语，应填不定式to record。 15．句意：许多人把它视为我们文化中有价值的一部分。空处修饰名词part，应填value的形容词形式valuable。 Passage 4 Last night, I went to a concert of Chinese folk music with my friends. A piece of music named Erquan Yingyue deeply moved me. It was one of the most 1 (move) pieces of music I’ve ever heard. It sounded so sad 2 I almost cried along with it as I listened. Later I got to know the music was 3 (write) by a folk musician Abing. Today it has become one of China’s national 4 (treasure). However, the road to his success was not easy. His mother died 5 he was young. His father taught him to play many 6 (music) instruments. By age 17, he was known for his talent in music. 7 (luckily), his father died. What was worse, he developed a serious illness and 8 (become) blind. He had no choice but to perform on the streets 9 (make) money. He performed 10 this way for many years. Abing’s amazing skills made him very popular during 11 (he) lifetime. He played 12 wrote many pieces of excellent music. When we listen to his music, we can sense the 13 (beautiful) and sadness in it. It makes us recall our 14 (deep) wounds from our own sad or painful experiences. For this reason, many people praise him as the musician who has greatly influenced erhu music. But it’s 15 (real) a pity that not many pieces of his music were recorded. 【答案】 1．moving 2．that 3．written 4．treasures 5．when 6．musical 7．Unluckily 8．became 9．to make 10．in 11．his 12．and 13．beauty 14．deepest 15．really 【导语】本文讲述了作者聆听《二泉映月》后的感受，并介绍了民间音乐家阿炳坎坷的人生经历及其音乐作品的深远影响。 【详解】1．句意：它是我听过的最感人的音乐作品之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”。修饰名词“pieces”，描述事物的性质，需用-ing结尾的形容词“moving”，意为“感人的”。 2．句意：它听起来如此悲伤，以至于我听着听着几乎跟着哭了起来。“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，需用连词“that”。 3．句意：后来我得知这首曲子是由民间音乐家阿炳创作的。主语“the music”与谓语动词“write”之间为被动关系，描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was + 过去分词”，write的过去分词为written。 4．句意：如今它已成为中国的国宝之一。“one of + 名词复数”是固定结构，表示“……之一”。“treasure”的复数形式为“treasures”。 5．句意：他的母亲在他年幼时就去世了。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，需用连词“when”。 6．句意：他的父亲教他演奏许多乐器。修饰名词“instruments”，需用形容词作定语。“music”的形容词形式为“musical”，意为“音乐的”。 7．句意：不幸的是，他的父亲去世了。此处位于句首，修饰整个句子，需用副词。根据语境“父亲去世”是不幸的事，luckily的反义词是unluckily，意为“不幸地”，首字母需大写，故填Unluckily。 8．句意：更糟的是，他患上重病并失明了。描述过去发生的动作，且与“developed”并列，需用一般过去时。“become”的过去式为“became”。 9．句意：他别无选择，只能上街卖艺赚钱。此处用动词不定式“to make”作目的状语，表示“为了赚钱”。 10．句意：他以这种方式表演了许多年。“in this way”是固定搭配，意为“以这种方式”，需用介词“in”。 11．句意：阿炳惊人的技艺使他在生前就非常受欢迎。修饰名词“lifetime”，需用形容词性物主代词“his”。 12．句意：他演奏并创作了许多优秀的音乐作品。“played”和“wrote”为并列谓语动词，需用连词“and”。 13．句意：我们可以感受到其中的美与悲伤。定冠词“the”后需接名词作宾语。“beautiful”的名词形式为“beauty”，意为“美”。 14．句意：它让我们回忆起自己悲伤或痛苦经历中最深的创伤。根据语境及前面的our，此处暗示比较范围（所有创伤中），应用最高级。deep的最高级为deepest。 15．句意：但真的很遗憾，他的音乐作品被录制下来的并不多。此处修饰系动词is后面的表语部分或整个句子，强调语气，需用副词。real的副词形式为really，意为“真正地；确实”。 话题4 榜样精神 （共5篇） Passage 1 In 2024, a hotpot restaurant in Beijing’s Haidian District 1 (become) very popular. People from the capital and other places have been coming to enjoy a meal there, as well as to pay their respects to a hero who gave 2 (he) life to save others. Luan Liuwei, 3 41-year-old man from Ningyang County in Tai’an, Shandong Province, ran the restaurant in Beijing with his wife for many years. On August 10, while visiting Gu’an County of Langfang with his daughter, Luan 4 (save) three children from drowning (溺水) in the Yongding River. 5 , when he went back into the water to save an adult who was also 6 danger, Luan drowned because he was too tired. Luan’s heroic act 7 (deep) moved people in Beijing and beyond. Many people visited his restaurant 8 (remember) the hero and support his business. “This restaurant 9 (fill) with customers by 5 p.m. every day now. We come here not just for the food, but also for Luan’s story. ” said one of the 10 (customer) from Tongzhou District, who has waited for more than an hour 11 getting a seat. Staff members say that people start waiting 12 early as 9 a.m., hours before the 11 a.m. opening. Some people try to leave extra money, 13 is always refused. Though Luan Liuwei is no longer alive, we believe his spirit 14 (encourage) future generations in the coming years, proving that true heroism (英勇行为) never truly 15 (disappear) . 【答案】 1．became 2．his 3．a 4．saved 5．However 6．in 7．deeply 8．to remember 9．is filled 10．customers 11．before 12．as 13．which 14．will encourage 15．disappears 【导语】本文讲述栾留伟救人牺牲，人们用光顾他的火锅店的方式缅怀英雄的故事，歌颂平凡英雄舍己为人的高尚品格，体现英雄精神对后人的感召力量。 【详解】1．句意：在2024年，北京海淀区的一家火锅店变得非常火爆。根据语境，事情发生在2024年，强调过去发生并带来的影响，此处用一般过去时。 2．句意：来自首都和其他地方的人们来这里吃饭，同时向一位为救他人献出生命的英雄致敬。“give one’s life”为固定搭配，表示“献出生命”，此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词life。 3．句意：栾留伟，一位来自山东泰安市宁阳县的41岁男子，和妻子在北京经营这家餐馆许多年。man是可数名词单数，41‑year‑old以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指“一位”，故用不定冠词a。 4．句意：8月10日，栾留伟和女儿在廊坊固安县游玩时，从永定河里救起三名溺水儿童。“On August 10”是过去具体时间，描述过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去式。 5．句意：然而，当他再次下水去救另一名身处险境的成年人时，栾留伟因体力耗尽溺水身亡。前文讲救起三个孩子，后文讲他溺水牺牲，前后为转折关系，置于句首用副词However。 6．句意：然而，当他再次下水去救另一名身处险境的成年人时，栾留伟因体力耗尽溺水身亡。“in danger”是固定短语，表示“处于危险中”。 7．句意：栾留伟的英勇行为深深感动了北京及各地的人们。此处需要副词修饰动词moved，deep的副词形式为deeply，表示“深深地”。 8．句意：很多人来到他的餐馆，来缅怀这位英雄并支持他的生意。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示人们来餐馆的目的。 9．句意：“现在这家餐馆每天下午五点前就坐满顾客。”“be filled with”为固定短语，表示“挤满、充满”；时间“every day now”表示一般现在时，主语this restaurant为单数，be动词用is。 10．句意：一位来自通州区的顾客说道，为得到座位他已经等了一个多小时。“one of the+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，customer需要变为复数形式。 11．句意：一位来自通州区的顾客说道，为得到座位他已经等了一个多小时。固定搭配“wait for…before doing sth.”表示“在做某事之前等候……”，before为介词，后接动名词。 12．句意：工作人员说，早在上午9点，也就是上午11点开门前好几个小时，就有人开始排队等候。“as early as”为固定搭配，表示“早在……”。 13．句意：有些人试图多留一些钱，但总是被拒绝。此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事，关系词用which。 14．句意：虽然栾留伟已经不在人世，但我们相信他的精神在未来的岁月里将会激励后代。时间状语“in the coming years”表示将来，宾语从句谓语动词使用一般将来时。 15．句意：证明真正的英雄主义永远不会真正消失。主语true heroism是单数，本句为一般现在时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。 Passage 2 The hero I admire most is Yuan Longping, a great scientist who devoted his life to solving food problems. He is known 1 the “Father of Hybrid Rice” and has made 2 (amaze) contributions to the world. Yuan Longping was born in 1930. He noticed many people suffered from hunger when he was young, 3 he decided to study rice to help them. For decades, he worked hard in the fields, even in hot summer or cold winter. His hard work paid off— he developed hybrid rice that has a much 4 (high) yield than common rice. This invention helped feed millions 5 people, not only in China but also in other countries in need of food. Yuan Longping was very humble (谦逊的) . Though he was one of the 6 (great) scientists in the world, he lived a simple life. He often told young people to keep working hard and never give up on 7 (they) dreams. He also cared about the environment and 8 (encourage) farmers to use green farming methods. In 2021, we lost this great man, 9 his spirit will always stay with us. He taught us that perseverance and love for people are the keys to 10 (succeed) . He is a true hero in my heart, and I will learn from him to be 11 useful person for the society. Whenever I face difficulties, I will think of his efforts and keep moving forward. His story shows that one person can make a big 12 (different) to the world with devotion. Yuan Longping’s life was full of meaning. He spent his whole life helping others, and his name will 13 (remember) by people all over the world forever. We should respect such heroes and pass on their spirits. Let’s take him as an example and try our best 14 (make) our country stronger and better. His deeds (功绩) remind us that love for the motherland and dedication (奉献) to people are the most 15 (value) qualities. 【答案】 1．as 2．amazing 3．so 4．higher 5．of 6．greatest 7．their 8．encouraged 9．but 10．success 11．a 12．difference 13．be remembered 14．to make 15．valuable 【导语】本文介绍了作者最敬佩的英雄袁隆平，他毕生致力于杂交水稻研究，为解决粮食问题作出巨大贡献，展现了科学家的奉献精神与谦逊品质。 【详解】1．句意：他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，为世界作出了惊人的贡献。“be known as”为固定短语，意为“被称为”，故填as。 2．句意：他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，为世界作出了惊人的贡献。修饰名词contributions（指物）需用形容词，amaze的形容词形式为amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”，故填amazing。 3．句意：他注意到很多人遭受饥饿，所以他决定研究水稻来帮助他们。前后句为因果关系，需用连词so连接，表示“因此”，故填so。 4．句意：他的努力得到了回报——他研发的杂交水稻产量比普通水稻高得多。标志词than提示用比较级，high的比较级为higher，故填higher。 5．句意：这一发明帮助养活了数百万人，不仅在中国，也在其他需要粮食的国家。“millions of”为固定短语，意为“数百万的”，故填of。 6．句意：尽管他是世界上最伟大的科学家之一，但他过着简朴的生活。“one of the+ 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，great的最高级为greatest，故填greatest。 7．句意：他经常告诉年轻人要努力奋斗，永不放弃梦想。修饰名词dreams需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，故填their。 8．句意：他还关心环境，鼓励农民使用绿色种植方法。and连接并列谓语，cared为过去式，encourage也应用过去式encouraged，故填encouraged。 9．句意：2021年，我们失去了这位伟人，但他的精神将永远与我们同在。前后句为转折关系，需用连词but连接，故填but。 10．句意：他教会我们，坚持和对人民的热爱是成功的关键。to是介词，其后用名词，“the key to success”为固定短语，意为“成功的关键”，succeed的名词形式为success，故填success。 11．句意：他是我心中真正的英雄，我将向他学习，成为一个对社会有用的人。person为可数名词单数，此处首次提及表泛指，且useful以辅音音素开头，故填a。 12．句意：他的故事表明，一个人可以通过奉献对世界产生巨大的影响。由“a big”可知空处填入单数名词，“make a difference”为固定短语，意为“有影响、有所作为”，故填difference。 13．句意：他一生都在帮助他人，他的名字将被全世界人民永远铭记。主语name与remember之间为被动关系，一般将来时的被动语态结构为“will be+过去分词”，remember的过去分词是remembered，故填be remembered。 14．句意：让我们以他为榜样，尽最大努力使我们的国家更强大、更美好。“try one’s best to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故填to make。 15．句意：他的功绩提醒我们，对祖国的热爱和对人民的奉献是最宝贵的品质。修饰名词qualities需用形容词，value的形容词形式为valuable，意为“宝贵的”，故填valuable。 Passage 3 Have you ever heard of Wang Zhenyi? She was 1 great Chinese scientist. She was born in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, girls had no chance to get an education. But her father and grandfather 2 (be) open-minded. They encouraged her 3 (read) the books in their home library. Wang Zhenyi read a lot about astronomy (天文学), maths, geography and medicine. Later, she made a 4 (decide). She wanted to focus 5 astronomy. In her time, many people expected (期待) the stars to tell 6 (they) what would happen. They thought some certain events in the sky, such 7 lunar eclipses (月食), happened when gods were angry. But Wang Zhenyi didn’t think so. She believed in 8 (fact). To explain those “strange” events, she did some experiments (实验). In one, she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun 9 a mirror as the Moon. She 10 (move) them around to show what actually happens during a lunar eclipse. If the Earth 11 (pass) between the Sun and the Moon, the sunlight will fail to reach the Moon and the Moon “disappears”. Throughout her short life, Wang Zhenyi succeeded in 12 (write) many articles about her research. In her articles, she 13 (mention) some difficult ideas and explained them in simple ways. So people could understand science more 14 (easy). She helped people know 15 (much) about science than before. 【答案】 1．a 2．were 3．to read 4．decision 5．on 6．them 7．as 8．facts 9．and 10．moved 11．passes 12．writing 13．mentioned 14．easily 15．more 【导语】本文介绍了清代女科学家王贞仪的成长经历、科学研究以及她为传播科学知识所作出的贡献。 【详解】1．句意：她是一位伟大的中国科学家。scientist是可数名词单数形式，且great以辅音音素开头，表示“一位”，应用不定冠词a。 2．句意：但是她的父亲和祖父思想开明。根据“At that time”可知，描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语“her father and grandfather”是复数，be动词用were。 3．句意：他们鼓励她阅读家中图书馆里的书。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式。故填to read。 4．句意：后来，她做出了一个决定。make a decision意为“做出决定”，空前有a，应用名词形式decision。 5．句意：她想专注于天文学。固定搭配focus on意为“专注于”。故填on。 6．句意：在她那个时代，许多人希望星星告诉他们将会发生什么。tell后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格形式是them。 7．句意：他们认为天空中的某些事件，比如月食，是神生气时发生的。固定搭配such as意为“例如”。故填as。 8．句意：她相信事实。根据句意可知，此处表示“事实”，应用名词fact；fact为可数名词，表示多个事实时用复数facts。 9．句意：在一个实验中，她用圆桌代表地球，用灯代表太阳，用镜子代表月亮。根据“a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun ... a mirror as the Moon”可知，三个事物之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。 10．句意：她移动它们来展示月食期间实际发生的事情。描述过去的实验过程，应用一般过去时，move的过去式是moved。 11．句意：如果地球运行到太阳和月球之间，太阳光就无法照射到月球上，月球便会 “消失”。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；主语the Earth是第三人称单数，谓语动词用passes。 12．句意：在她短暂的一生中，王贞仪成功地写了许多关于她研究的文章。固定搭配succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，in后接动名词形式。故填writing。 13．句意：在她的文章中，她提到了一些困难的观点，并用简单的方式解释它们。根据全文时态及“In her articles”可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，mention的过去式是mentioned。 14．句意：所以人们能够更容易地理解科学。修饰动词understand应用副词形式，easy的副词是easily。 15．句意：她帮助人们比以前了解了更多的科学知识。根据“than before”可知，此处应用比较级，much的比较级是more。 Passage 4 World famous scientist Stephen Hawking (霍金) died 1 the age of seventy-six in 2 (he) home in Cambridge, England 3 March 14. British former Prime Minister Teresa May said Hawking was one of 4 (great) scientists of his time. She also said, “His achievements will not 5 (forget).” Hawking was one of the most respected scientists in the modern history. Because of an uncommon 6 (ill), he was kept to a wheelchair. 7 , the disease did not stop Hawking from 8 (study). He used every new day that life offered 9 (continue) his research of the universe (宇宙). He 10 (say), “Where there is life, there is hope.” He developed 11 way of thinking about problems in his mind to reach a solution. This way of thinking has led to his important discoveries. He was 12 (one) person to present the idea of some special energy in the universe. At the same time, Hawking tried to explain many of these difficult 13 (science) ideas to more people. He 14 (write) several popular science 15 (book), including the bestseller A Brief History of Time which made him a household (家喻户晓的) name. Stephen Hawking is, no doubt, a legendary (传奇的) scientist of all time. 【答案】 1．at‌ 2．his‌ 3．on‌ 4．the greatest‌ 5．be forgotten‌ 6．illness‌ 7．However‌ 8．studying‌ 9．to continue‌ 10．said‌ 11．a‌ 12．the first‌ 13．scientific‌ 14．wrote‌ 15．books 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了世界著名科学家霍金的逝世信息、他身患重病仍坚持宇宙研究的生平经历、他的重要科研成果与科普贡献，赞扬了他作为传奇科学家的非凡成就与精神。   【详解】1．句意：世界著名科学家霍金在3月14日于英国剑桥的家中离世，享年76岁。根据固定搭配“at the age of（在……岁时）”可知此处填介词at。 2．句意：世界著名科学家霍金在3月14日于英国剑桥的家中离世，享年76岁。根据空后名词home可知此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，he的形容词性物主代词是his。故填his。 3．句意：世界著名科学家霍金在3月14日于英国剑桥的家中离世，享年76岁。根据具体日期前要使用介词on的语法规则可知，此处填on。 4．句意：英国前首相特蕾莎·梅表示，霍金是他所处时代最伟大的科学家之一。根据固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”可知，此处要填great的最高级the greatest。 5．句意：她还表示：“他的成就将永远不会被人们遗忘。”根据主语achievements和动词forget是被动关系，且will not后接动词原形可知，此处填被动结构be forgotten。 6．句意：因为一种罕见的疾病，他只能被困在轮椅上。根据空前不定冠词an和形容词uncommon可知此处要填名词，ill的名词形式是illness。 7．句意：然而，这场疾病并没有阻止霍金继续从事研究。根据前后文的转折逻辑，且空后有逗号隔开可知此处填转折副词However。 8．句意：然而，这场疾病并没有阻止霍金继续从事研究。根据固定搭配“stop sb. from doing sth.（阻止某人做某事）”可知，此处填study的动名词形式studying。 9．句意：他利用生命给予的每一天，继续自己对宇宙的研究。根据固定结构“use sth. to do sth.（用某物做某事）”可知，此处填不定式to continue。 10．句意：他曾说过：“哪里有生命，哪里就有希望。”根据上下文整体为一般过去时态可知，此处填say的过去式said。 11．句意：他在脑海中形成了一种思考问题的方式，以此来找到解决方案。根据空后way是可数名词单数，此处表示“一种”可知，填不定冠词a。 12．句意：他是第一个提出宇宙中存在某种特殊能量这一观点的人。根据定冠词the和语境可知，此处要填序数词，one的序数词是the first。 13．句意：与此同时，霍金努力将这些晦涩的科学理念向更多人解释清楚。根据空后名词ideas可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词，science的形容词形式是scientific。 14．句意：他撰写了多本科普书籍，其中包括让他家喻户晓的畅销书《时间简史》。时态为一般过去时态，此处填write的过去式wrote。 15．句意：他撰写了多本科普书籍，其中包括让他家喻户晓的畅销书《时间简史》。根据空前several（几个）可知，此处要填可数名词复数，book的复数形式是books。 Passage 5 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people will think 1 Confucius, who was born on September 28, 551 BC． Everyone remembers and 2 (respect) him because he made a great contribution (贡献) to today’s education. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father 4 (pass) away when he was only 3. 5 his father died, he had to help his mother. But Confucius didn’t give up studying. With his 6 (mother) support, he visited many famous teachers. He spared no effort 7 (study) music, history, poems and sports. Later, he started the 8 (one) private school in history. At that time only 9 (child) from rich families could go to school. “I believe everyone 10 (go) to school if they want to learn,” Confucius said. He did his 11 (good) to take more students to school. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Fu Buqi was one of them and he is also regarded as a 12 (study). He was 30 years 13 (young) than Confucius. Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker 14 wise thoughts about the world and society. “A person should be strict with 15 (he), but be kind to others,” he said. 【答案】 1．of 2．respects 3．a 4．passed 5．After 6．mother’s 7．to study 8．first 9．children 10．will go 11．best 12．student 13．younger 14．with 15．himself 【导语】本文介绍了中国历史上伟大的教育家孔子：他出身贫苦却坚持学习，创办了第一所公立学校，广收学生，同时也是有深远思想的思想家。 【详解】1．句意：很多人会想到孔子，他出生于公元前551年9月28日。“think of”是固定搭配（想到），填“of”。 2．句意：每个人都尊敬他，因为他对如今的教育做出了巨大贡献。主语“Everyone”是单数，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，填“respects”。 3．句意：他有一个艰难的童年。此处泛指“一个”，“hard”以辅音音素开头，填“a”。 4．句意：他的父亲在他3岁时去世了。句子描述过去的事，用一般过去时，“pass”的过去式是“passed”。 5．句意：父亲去世后，他不得不帮助母亲。此处表“在父亲去世后之后”，填“After”。 6．句意：在母亲的支持下，他拜访了许多著名的老师。此处修饰名词“support”，用名词所有格“mother’s”。 7．句意：他不遗余力地学习音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。“spare no effort to do sth.”是固定搭配（不遗余力做某事），填“to study”。 8．句意：后来，他创办了历史上第一所私立学校。此处表“第一”，用“one”的序数词“first”。 9．句意：那时只有富裕家庭的孩子能上学。“only”后接可数名词复数表泛指，“child”的复数是“children”。 10．句意：孔子说：“我相信每个人如果想学习都能去上学。”此处是宾语从句，“if”引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，填“will go”。 11．句意：他尽最大努力招收更多学生入学。“do one’s best”是固定搭配（尽某人最大努力），填“best”。 12．句意：宓不齐是其中之一，他也被视为一名学生。“a”后接名词，“study”的名词形式是“student”。 13．句意：他比孔子年轻30岁。“than”提示用形容词比较级，“young”的比较级是“younger”。 14．句意：孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位对世界和社会有智慧思想的著名思想家。此处表“带有”，填“with”。 15．句意：他说：“一个人应该严于律己，宽以待人。”“be strict with oneself”是固定搭配（严于律己），填“himself”。 本文介绍演说家尼克・胡哲的人生经历。面对先天身体缺陷，他没有向命运屈服，通过演讲传播希望，激励大众。引导学生正确看待生活里的挫折磨难，磨砺坚强意志，树立不畏困难、永不放弃的人生态度。 【新情境・直面逆境，永不言弃】 Nick Vujicic is a speaker and 1 (write) who was born without arms or legs. Though he had 2 hard start in life, Vujicic has inspired people around the world with his message of hope. As a child, Vujicic faced many challenges. His school life was 3 (hard) than most children’s because he was often bullied. But he didn’t want the difficulties 4 (stop) him. Instead, he started sharing his stories and 5 he overcame all his difficulties 6 the age of 19. In 2005, Vujicic set up his own group 7 (name) “Life Without Limbs” to help people with disabilities. Since then, he 8 (become) a well-known speaker, traveling around the world to speak to people of all ages and backgrounds. Through his talks, books, and TV shows, Vujicic has encouraged 9 (million) of people to overcome their difficulties 10 to achieve their dreams, no matter how hard they may 11 (seem). He teaches that true happiness comes 12 a strong will and hard work. Nick Vujicic’s story reminds us that no matter what challenges we face, we can achieve our 13 (goal) and live a happy life. His stories have inspired many people to believe in 14 (they) and never give 15 their dreams. 【答案】 1．writer 2．a 3．harder 4．to stop 5．how 6．at 7．named 8．has become 9．millions 10．and 11．seem 12．from 13．goals 14．themselves 15．up 【导语】本文是记叙文，主要讲述天生没有四肢的尼克·胡哲直面人生重重磨难，创办帮扶残障人士的团体，通过演讲、书籍激励无数人勇敢战胜困难、追逐梦想的故事。 【详解】1．句意：尼克·胡哲是一名演说家兼作家，他生来没有胳膊和腿。and并列两个表示身份的名词，speaker是名词，括号内write是动词，需要变为指人的名词writer，表示“作家”。 2．句意：虽然他人生开局艰难，但胡哲用充满希望的感悟鼓舞了全世界的人们。start此处为可数名词单数，hard以辅音音素开头，需要不定冠词a表示“一个”。 3．句意：他的校园生活比大多数孩子的更加艰难，因为他经常遭受欺凌。 句中出现比较级标志词than，括号内hard要使用比较级harder。 4．句意：但是他不想困难阻止自己前进。固定搭配want sth. to do sth.，表示“想要某物做某事”，stop要使用不定式形式to stop。 5．句意：相反，他开始分享自己的故事以及他如何在19岁时克服所有困境。根据“Instead, he started sharing his stories and … he overcame all his difficulties”，此处宾语从句缺少引导词，表达“如何”，用how。 6．句意：相反，他开始分享自己的故事以及他如何在19岁时克服所有困境。固定搭配at the age of，表示“在多少岁时”。 7．句意：2005年，胡哲成立了自己名为“无四肢人生”的团体来帮助残障人士。group和name之间是被动关系，此处过去分词named作后置定语，表示“被命名”。 8．句意：从那以后，他已经成为一名知名演说家，走遍世界各地，面向各个年龄、各类背景的人们演讲。since then是现在完成时标志，主语是he，助动词用has，become过去分词为become，故填has become。 9．句意：通过他的演讲、书籍和电视节目，胡哲鼓励数百万人战胜困难，实现梦想，无论它们看起来多么艰难。固定搭配millions of，表示“数百万的”，million需变为复数millions。 10．句意：通过他的演讲、书籍和电视节目，胡哲鼓励数百万人战胜困难，实现梦想，无论它们看起来多么艰难。“to overcome their difficulties”与“to achieve their dreams”是并列的不定式结构，用并列连词and连接。 11．句意：通过他的演讲、书籍和电视节目，胡哲鼓励数百万人战胜困难，实现梦想，无论它们看起来多么艰难。情态动词may后接动词原形，seem保持原形。 12．句意：他告诉我们幸福来源于强大的意志和辛勤的努力。固定搭配come from，表示“来自”。 13．句意：尼克·胡哲的故事提醒我们，无论面对什么挑战，我们都可以实现自己的目标，过上幸福的生活。our后面接可数名词复数，goal复数为goals。 14．句意：他的故事鼓舞很多人相信自我，永远不要放弃自己的梦想。believe in oneself表示“相信自己”，主语是many people，反身代词用themselves。 15． 句意：他的故事鼓舞很多人相信自我，永远不要放弃自己的梦想。固定搭配give up，表示“放弃”。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $