精品解析：湖南长沙市周南中学2026-2027学年上学期学期高三年级十月英语科月课时作业

长沙市周南中学2026年下学期高三年级十月 英语科月课时作业 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How much does the package weigh? A. Three pounds. B. Four pounds. C. Six pounds. 2. What happened to the woman? A. She was fined. B. She lost her ticket. C. She had a car accident. 3. What is wrong with Ruby’s laptop? A. It fails to be charged. B. It turns itself off frequently. C. It can’t connect to the Internet 4. Why does Julie take exercise these days? A. To lose weight. B. To build up her body. C. To finish an assignment 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A picture. B. A painter. C. A market. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man’s key demand for the rented apartment? A. The rent. B. The location, C. The furniture. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Ride to work every day. B. Rent his friend’s apartment. C. Find information on the Internet. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. How did Eric get hurt? A. He got hit by a ladder. B. He fell from the height. C. He tripped over a brick. 9. Which part of Eric’s body got injured? A. His ankle. B. His arm. C. His head. 10. What does the woman ask the man to do next? A. Lift Eric onto the ambulance. B. Apply some ice to the injured part. C. Send Eric to the hospital for an X-ray. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Jane’s request? A. Getting a pay raise. B. Taking a holiday. C. Gaining a promotion. 12. What does David expect Jane to do? A. Keep working for a period. B. Help the company pull through. C. Share the workload with someone. 13. How does Jane sound in the end? A. Determined. B. Understanding. C. Doubtful. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the man doing now? A. Looking for a new job. B. Talking with a travel agent. C. Having an application interview. 15. What is the man’s main purpose of going to America? A. To go sightseeing. B. To visit his family. C. To deal with his work. 16. What does the woman ask the man about at last? A. The documents. B. The return date. C. The accommodation. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. How did Emily prepare for the competition? A. By doing much research. B. By turning to talented writers. C. By reviewing previous competitions. 18. What was Emily’s primary motivation for entering the competition? A. To challenge herself. B. To build up a reputation. C. To showcase her knowledge. 19. What has Emily learned? A. The necessity of setting goals. B. The value of different experiences. C. The importance of consistent efforts. 20. What does Emily expect to do at the awards ceremony? A. Share her story. B. Listen to a speech. C. Network with other science lovers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Get ready for the 2026 Graceful Envelope Contest — this year’s theme is Courage and Creativity. Please note that your submission includes two parts: the entry envelope and the carrier envelope. Requirements for the Carrier Envelope: We ask that all contest entry envelopes (≤7×9 inches, with original artwork and calligraphy) be placed inside a plain carrier envelope (any size, no external art) that is clearly marked on the front with the contest address (see below) and with correct postage (邮资). Stamps: The 2026 contest will continue to require at least one stamp on the contest entry envelope (preferably one that integrates with the design), but it need not have the full correct postage. For student entries mailed together by a teacher, postage on the contest entry envelope is not required. However, integration of at least one stamp into the design does strengthen a submission. Information: Write your name, address, email, contest division (Adult, Grades 9-12, Grades 5-8) and Instagram account (if you wish, for winner publicity) on the back of the Entry Envelope. Incomplete information will cause disqualification. Submission & Evaluation Deadline: All carrier envelopes must be submitted by May 31 or they will be disqualified. Address: The Graceful Envelope Contest, P.O.Box 3688, Merrifield, VA 22116. Judging Criteria: Entries are judged only on the FRONT based on the contest theme, calligraphy, design, and stamp use. Prizes: Winners receive certificates and online publication. A Judge’s Perspective My advice to entrants is to think outside the box regarding the theme — reject the most obvious ideas! Really let yourself go in thinking of different approaches to the subject. I see each entry envelope as a natural integration of three parts: solid lettering; creative design or illustration; and stamps relating to the theme. 1. What can a carrier envelope be like? A. B. C. D. 2. What will definitely disqualify a student from the contest? A. Mailing the entry on May 30. B. Leaving out the participant division. C. Lacking the Instagram account. D. Turning in an unstamped entry envelope. 3. What does the judge suggest the participants do? A. Integrate natural elements. B. Adopt traditional ways. C. Highlight innovative thinking. D. Explore diverse subjects. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了2026年优雅信封设计大赛的主题、参赛要求、提交方式、评选标准及评委建议等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Carrier Envelope部分“We ask that all contest entry envelopes (≤7×9 inches, with original artwork and calligraphy) be placed inside a plain carrier envelope (any size, no external art) that is clearly marked on the front with the contest address (see below) and with correct postage.(我们要求所有参赛信封（尺寸不超过7×9英寸，带有原创艺术和书法作品）放入一个普通的外层信封中（尺寸不限，外部不得有装饰），信封正面需清晰标注大赛地址（见下文）并贴足正确邮资。)”可知，外层信封应为无外部装饰的普通信封，且正面标注大赛地址并贴足邮资。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Information部分“Write your name, address, email, contest division (Adult, Grades 9-12, Grades 5-8) and Instagram account (if you wish, for winner publicity) on the back of the Entry Envelope. Incomplete information will cause disqualification.(请在参赛信封背面写上你的姓名、地址、邮箱、参赛组别（成人组、9-12年级组、5-8年级组）以及Instagram账号（可选，用于获奖者公示）。信息不完整将导致参赛资格被取消。)”可知，遗漏参赛组别信息会导致取消参赛资格。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据A Judge’s Perspective部分“My advice to entrants is to think outside the box regarding the theme — reject the most obvious ideas! Really let yourself go in thinking of different approaches to the subject.(我给参赛者的建议是，在主题上要跳出思维定式——拒绝最显而易见的想法！大胆思考这个主题的不同表现方式。)”可知，评委建议参赛者打破常规思维，突出创新性思考。 B I’m Mayo. In a couple of minutes, I’d be called onstage to introduce myself to 100 people, like other new attendees who’d spoken confidently and gotten applause. Logically, I knew I shouldn’t fear public speaking, yet I was frightened. My body betrayed me with racing heart, sweaty hands, dry mouth, and negative thoughts flooded in: What if I pause improperly when speaking? What if they dislike me? What if I fail? Before my turn, I escaped, my fear stopping me from speaking up again. Having grown tired of fear controlling my life, I decided to overcome it for good. That choice was driven by the saying: “Fear is temporary. Regret is forever.” I arranged a 4-day getaway on my own, leaving behind the Internet, my phone and social media. All I would have was myself. Wandering the countryside and journaling, I figured out where my fear came from: my childhood. Whenever I’d spoken up in front of others back then, all I got was laughter, not praise. Then I had a realization: fear wasn’t my enemy but a protector. I didn’t need to fight it, just reconcile by understanding its origin, valuing its purpose, and then letting it go. By the trip’s end, I’d filled a journal and started living in harmony with my fears, feeling more grateful. I’d aimed to overcome fear, but ultimately got on well with it. Guided by “Face up to your fears and they won’t be your fears anymore,” I took small steps: raising my hand at events, then speaking to friends. Each step lifted a weight. Months later, I spoke to strangers. Chest tightness now came from excitement, not fear. Today, I speak confidently to diverse people. Public speaking isn’t about me, but positively impacting others. Someone in the audience always needs my message, which might change their lives or stop disastrous choices. With this service-focused way of thinking, fear no longer holds me back. 4. Why did the author escape before speaking? A. He forgot his lines. B. He had a sore throat. C. He feared mistakes. D. He hated big crowds. 5. What do we know about Mayo’s four-day trip? A. It made him reconnect with friends. B. It included considerable difficulties. C. It eased his fear by linking to nature. D. It helped him discover the source of fear. 6. What does the underlined word “reconcile” mean in paragraph 3? A. Seek targets. B. Make peace. C. Lessen reliance. D. Try new things. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Learn to Befriend Fear B. Fight against Fixed Thought C. Fear Originates from Inside D. From Speechless to Talkative 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者如何从恐惧公众演讲到最终通过寻找恐惧根源、接纳恐惧并改变思维方式，从而克服恐惧并以此帮助他人的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“My body betrayed me with racing heart, sweaty hands, dry mouth, and negative thoughts flooded in: What if I pause improperly when speaking? What if they dislike me? What if I fail? Before my turn, I escaped, my fear stopping me from speaking up again. (我的身体背叛了我，心跳加速，双手出汗，口干舌燥，消极想法涌入脑海：如果我说话时停顿不当怎么办？如果他们不喜欢我怎么办？如果我失败了怎么办？在轮到我之前，我逃走了，恐惧阻止我再次发言。)”可知，作者逃跑是因为害怕犯错。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“I arranged a 4-day getaway on my own, leaving behind the Internet, my phone and social media. All I would have was myself. Wandering the countryside and journaling, I figured out where my fear came from: my childhood. (我独自安排了四天的假期，抛开了互联网、手机和社交媒体。我所拥有的就只有我自己。在乡村漫步并写日记，我弄清楚了我的恐惧来自哪里：我的童年。)”可知，四天的旅行帮助作者发现了恐惧的根源。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“by understanding its origin, valuing its purpose, and then letting it go”以及后文“living in harmony with my fears”可知，作者认为不需要对抗恐惧，而是要通过理解它来与其“达成和解”或“和平共处”。所以，单词reconcile的意义为“和解”。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，作者从害怕公开演讲，到通过旅行发现恐惧根源，再到与恐惧和解，最后自信表达，核心是学会与恐惧做朋友。A项“学会与恐惧为友”最能概括文章主旨。 C At a conference last week, I received an interesting piece of advice: “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a fellow psychology professor. He wasn’t objecting to any particular claim I’d made — he was offering a strategy for pursuing better science, and for encouraging others to do the same. To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back — to the nature of science itself. Despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories change, so do scientific methods. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks, and for scientific arguments to develop into personal battles. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to be viewed as a helpful pointer, a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares. Nosek’s advice may sound pessimistic, but it’s not so foreign to science. Philosophers of science sometimes refer to the “pessimistic meta-induction (元归纳)” on the history of science: All of our past scientific theories have been wrong, so surely our current theories will turn out to be wrong, too. That doesn’t mean we haven’t made progress, but it does indicate that there is always room for improvement — ways to be less wrong. I like the advice because it builds in an awareness of our limitations and a readiness to accept the unknown (“there are things I do not know!”) along with a sense that we can do better (“there are things I do not know yet!”). It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. Perhaps the focus on a shared goal — our goal as scientists and humans of being less wrong — can help make up for any harm in scientific motivation or communication. 8. Why did Nosek send the advice? A. To express opinions about my claims. B. To remind me to be open to criticism. C. To encourage me to take up science. D. To better my understanding of psychology. 9. How does assuming you are wrong help? A. It motivates scientists to make efforts. B. It addresses personal attacks and conflicts. C. It sets a constructive improvement goal. D. It contributes to a deeper insight into yourself. 10. What does the author think of scientific theories? A. Dynamic. B. Testable. C. Pioneering. D. Well-established. 11. What does the author appreciate about the advice “assume you are wrong”? A. It helps scientists avoid criticism from others. B. It confirms that past theories are always wrong. C. It encourages scientists to compete for better results. D. It combines humility with hope and a sense of shared effort. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍“假定自己是错的”这一科学研究策略，阐释其内涵、价值，以及作者对该理念的理解与认同。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“At a conference last week, I received an interesting piece of advice: “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a fellow psychology professor. He wasn’t objecting to any particular claim I’d made — he was offering a strategy for pursuing better science, and for encouraging others to do the same. (在上周的一场会议上，我收到一条有意思的建议：“假定你是错的。”这条建议来自我的同行，心理学教授布莱恩·诺塞克。他并非反对我提出的任何特定主张，而是提供一种追求更严谨科学的策略，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)”以及第三段内容可知，这条建议是提醒作者以开放心态看待批评。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to be viewed as a helpful pointer, a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares. (相反，从假定自己是错的这一点出发，批评会更容易被看作有益的提示，一个关于如何少犯错的建设性建议——这或许也是批评你的人所共有的目标。)”可知，假定自己是错的可以树立具有建设性的改进目标。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Just as scientific theories change, so do scientific methods. (正如科学理论会发生改变，科学研究方法同样会改变。)”可知，科学理论是不断变化的，具有动态性。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I like the advice because it builds in an awareness of our limitations and a readiness to accept the unknown (“there are things I do not know!”) along with a sense that we can do better (“there are things I do not know yet!”). It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. (我喜欢这条建议，因为它内含对我们自身局限的认知以及接纳未知的意愿（“有些事情我并不了解！”），同时带有我们可以做得更好的想法（“有些事情我只是尚且不懂！”）。它还形成一种共同体意识——在难以做到完全正确这件事上，我们所有人处境相同。)”可知，作者欣赏这条建议，因为它融合谦逊、希望以及共同努力的意识。 D Why does “bouba” sound round and “kiki” sound spiky (尖锐的)? This perception, known as “bouba-kiki” effect, is reliable all over the world, and for at least a century, scientists have considered it a clue to the origin of language, theorizing that maybe our ancestors built their first words upon these associations between sound and shape. But a new study published in Science adds an unexpected finding: baby chickens make these same pairings, suggesting that the link to human language may not be so unique. The study was led by Maria Loconsole, a comparative psychologist at the University of Padua. She and her colleagues placed chicks in front of two panels: one featured a flowerlike shape with gently rounded curves; the other had a spiky shape like a cartoon explosion. They then played recordings of humans saying either “bouba” or “kiki” and observed the birds’ behavior. When the chicks heard “bouba,” 80 percent of them approached the round shape first and spent an average of more than three minutes exploring it compared with an average of just under one minute spent exploring the spiky shape. When the chicks heard “kiki,” the opposite occurred. One long-standing theory that these associations are inspired by the shape your mouth makes when you say each word can now be ruled out, since the chicks showed the effect despite being unable to speak. Instead the “bouba-kiki” effect may originate from the physical properties of objects themselves. When round objects hit the ground or roll, they typically produce more continuous, low-frequency sounds than spiky ones. A built-in grasp of those dynamics, linking sight and sound, could help newborn animals quickly make sense of their environment, possibly to locate food or avoid predators (食肉动物). The “bouba-kiki” effect may have played a role in the emergence of language. But for chickens, this same tendency seems to serve a more evolutionary purpose. “Even if language is unique to humans,” Loconsole says, “that doesn’t mean that it comes from an ability that is unique to humans.” 12. What does the new study focus on? A. The origin of human language. B. Sound-shape connections in chicks. C. Animals’ recognition of shapes. D. Brain-behavior relationships of birds. 13. In what way do the chicks respond differently to the two sounds? A. Sound localization. B. Reaction speed. C. Exploration preference. D. Matching accuracy. 14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about concerning the effect? A. Its historical context. B. Its potential application. C. Its overlooked limitation. D. Its possible explanation. 15. What does Loconsole say about the effect? A. It originated in birds. B. It shows evolutionary tendency. C. It’s shared across species. D. It’s vital to language emergence. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“bouba-kiki”效应，即人们会将“bouba”与圆润形状、“kiki”与尖锐形状联系起来；一项新研究发现雏鸡也存在这种音形关联现象，并提出该效应可能源于物体物理属性，同时说明这种能力并非人类独有。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But a new study published in Science adds an unexpected finding: baby chickens make these same pairings, suggesting that the link to human language may not be so unique.(但发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究有了意外发现：雏鸡也会做出同样的配对，这表明这种与人类语言的关联可能并非人类独有。)”以及第二段对雏鸡实验的描述可知，这项新研究关注的是雏鸡身上的声音与形状的关联。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When the chicks heard ‘bouba,’ 80 percent of them approached the round shape first and spent an average of more than three minutes exploring it compared with an average of just under one minute spent exploring the spiky shape. When the chicks heard ‘kiki,’ the opposite occurred.(当雏鸡听到‘bouba’时，80%会先靠近圆润形状，平均花三分多钟探索它，而探索尖锐形状的时间平均不到一分钟。听到‘kiki’时则相反。)”可知，雏鸡对两种声音的不同反应体现在探索偏好上。故选C。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“One long-standing theory that these associations are inspired by the shape your mouth makes when you say each word can now be ruled out, since the chicks showed the effect despite being unable to speak. Instead the “bouba-kiki” effect may originate from the physical properties of objects themselves.(一种长期存在的理论认为，这些关联是由你说每个单词时嘴巴的形状引起的，现在可以排除这种说法，因为小鸡尽管不会说话，但还是表现出了这种效果。相反，“bouba-kiki”效应可能源于物体本身的物理特性。)”可知，本段主要是对该效应产生的原因给出可能的解释。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Even if language is unique to humans,” Loconsole says, “that doesn’t mean that it comes from an ability that is unique to humans.”(洛康索莱说：“即使语言是人类独有的，这也并不意味着它源自一种人类独有的能力。”)”可知，她认为这种音形关联能力在不同物种间是共有的。故选C。 Ⅱ．七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Phone interviews are generally designed to screen out candidates who are not a good fit for the role, while identifying promising applicants to bring in for in-person interviews. ____16____ It gives employers a quick snapshot of your background, personality, and overall “fit” for the position. With this in mind, you can get ready for phone interviews and craft well-thought-out, prepared responses to the most-asked questions. ____17____ Preparing ahead of time for this question lets you reflect on your career goals, past work history, and even personal hobbies going with the position. You don’t want to sound overly scripted, but putting down a few brief notes about your background can make this question far easier to answer. Salary expectations represent another topic you ought to prepare for. ____18____ Does the job list a salary? What is the average salary for this kind of position? In most cases, it works best to state that your salary expectations are flexible — especially if you do not want to risk losing the opportunity. A third key question to anticipate is “Why do you want this role?” At its core, interviewers are trying to figure out what draws you to their company. Researching the organization and bringing up its core values or other specific details will strengthen your genuine interest in the job. ____19____ Last but not least, you will be asked when you are available to start work. This is up to your unique situation. ____20____ If you need more time, you should not only state that, but also explain why in order to show that you’re still interested in the position, but have other circumstances at play that require additional time. A. Surely, you should do your homework beforehand. B. Basically, a phone interview marks the first stage of the hiring process. C. Prepare to account for employment gaps so as not to make you look bad. D. Behavioral questions will tell the interviewer more about your personality. E. Very often, an interview opens with the question “Tell me about yourself.” F. Feel free to convey your strong enthusiasm for the position to your interviewer. G. However, most candidates need roughly two weeks’ notice after accepting an offer. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍电话面试的作用以及面试前需要提前准备的几类高频面试问题。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“Phone interviews are generally designed to screen out candidates who are not a good fit for the role, while identifying promising applicants to bring in for in-person interviews.( 电话面试的目的通常是筛掉与岗位不匹配的候选人，同时挑选有潜力的申请者，邀请他们参加现场面试。)”以及空后的“It gives employers a quick snapshot of your background, personality, and overall “fit” for the position.(它能让雇主快速了解你的背景、性格以及你和岗位的整体适配度。)”可知，前文介绍电话面试的目的，后文说明它对雇主的作用，空格处需要概括电话面试在招聘流程中的定位。B选项“Basically, a phone interview marks the first stage of the hiring process(基本上，电话面试是招聘流程的第一阶段)”承接上文，引出下文对电话面试作用的介绍。 【17题详解】 根据空后的“Preparing ahead of time for this question lets you reflect on your career goals, past work history, and even personal hobbies going with the position.(提前准备这个问题可以让你思考职业目标、过往工作经历，甚至和岗位匹配的个人爱好。)”可知，后文围绕准备某个面试问题展开，this question指代空格处提到的面试开场问题。E选项“Very often, an interview opens with the question “Tell me about yourself.”(面试通常以“介绍一下你自己”这个问题开场)”引出本段的核心问题，与后文this question对应。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“Salary expectations represent another topic you ought to prepare for.(薪资预期是另一个你需要准备的话题。)”以及空后的“Does the job list a salary? What is the average salary for this kind of position?(岗位是否标注薪资？这类岗位的平均薪资是多少？)”可知，前文提出薪资预期需要提前准备，后文列举需要提前了解的信息，空格处点明要提前做功课。A选项“Surely, you should do your homework beforehand(当然，你应当提前做好功课)”总领本段，引出后文需要提前调研的内容。 【19题详解】 根据空前的“Researching the organization and bringing up its core values or other specific details will strengthen your genuine interest in the job.(调研公司并提及它的核心价值观或其他细节，能体现你对这份工作真切的兴趣。)”可知，前文说明调研企业来展现求职诚意，空格承接上文，说明可以向面试官传递对岗位的热情。F选项“Feel free to convey your strong enthusiasm for the position to your interviewer(你可以向面试官表达你对该岗位强烈的热情)”承接上文，保持段落语义连贯。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“Last but not least, you will be asked when you are available to start work. This is up to your unique situation.(最后一点，面试官会问你何时可以入职，这取决于你的个人情况。)”以及空后的“If you need more time, you should not only state that, but also explain why in order to show that you’re still interested in the position, but have other circumstances at play that require additional time.(如果你需要更多时间，不仅要说明，还要解释原因，表明你仍对岗位感兴趣，只是有其他情况需要更多时间。)”可知，前文谈及入职时间因人而异，后文讲需要延长时间的情况，空格介绍大多数求职者的常规入职时间。G选项“However, most candidates need roughly two weeks’ notice after accepting an offer(不过，大多数候选人在收到录用通知后大约需要两周准备时间)”对比常规情况与后文需要更多时间的特殊情况。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Justin Mutawassim was 5 years old the first time he took a flight. The Delta pilots on board invited him to ____21____ the cockpit (驾驶舱). “I remember sitting there and being ____22____ by all the buttons,” he said. By age 6, he had decided: “I wanted to be a pilot.” His road to becoming a pilot was harder than he had ____23____ as a child. His middle school teacher wrongly informed him that perfect vision was a requirement to become a pilot. “When I heard that, I was really ____24____,” said Mutawassim, who wears glasses. In December 2014, about a year into his studies at a community college, Mutawassim decided to ____25____. He got a job as a ramp agent (机坪操作员) carrying bags for Delta Air Lines. During this time, his ____26____ to pursue a career in aviation became stronger, but he didn’t have the ____27____ to make it happen. That ____28____ when he met his mentor. Martin helped him ____29____ for written tests and eventually apply for ATP Flight School, where he was able to _____30_____ the necessary licenses in 11 months. In spring 2022, after he learned Delta dropped the college degree _____31_____ for pilots, he _____32_____ applied for a position. To his delight, he was offered the job. “It was a fantastic _____33_____,” Mutawassim said. He reflected on how far he had come in only six years, from carrying luggage to _____34_____ a Boeing 767. Now, he is working toward his next goal of _____35_____ a captain. 21. A. explore B. examine C. operate D. detect 22. A. trapped B. comforted C. fascinated D. disturbed 23. A. continued B. expected C. commented D. remembered 24. A. ashamed B. guilty C. annoyed D. defeated 25. A. calm down B. drop out C. break down D. pass out 26. A. response B. power C. desire D. memory 27. A. burden B. duty C. pride D. confidence 28. A. changed B. happened C. repeated D. existed 29. A. call B. prepare C. search D. wait 30. A. purchase B. obtain C. suspend D. arrange 31. A. requirement B. application C. description D. assumption 32. A. doubtfully B. casually C. secretly D. eagerly 33. A. balance B. platform C. moment D. angle 34. A. checking B. catching C. repairing D. flying 35. A. respecting B. imitating C. becoming D. assigning 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述Justin从小梦想当飞行员，历经挫折，在导师帮助下最终圆梦成为飞行员的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：机上的达美航空飞行员邀请他参观驾驶舱。A. explore参观，探索；B. examine检查；C. operate操作；D. detect探测。根据后文“I remember sitting there”可知，飞行员邀请他进入驾驶舱参观。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他说：“我记得坐在那里，被所有的按钮深深吸引。”A. trapped被困住的；B. comforted被安慰的；C. fascinated被吸引的；D. disturbed被打扰的。根据后文“By age 6, he had decided: “I wanted to be a pilot.””可知，驾驶舱里的按钮让他着迷，萌生了当飞行员的梦想。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：他成为飞行员的道路比小时候预想的更加艰难。A. continued继续；B. expected预料，预想；C. commented评论；D. remembered记得。根据后文“His middle school teacher wrongly informed him that perfect vision was a requirement to become a pilot.”可知，追梦途中遇到意外阻碍，现实道路比儿时预想的更难。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：戴眼镜的Mutawassim说：“听到那句话的时候，我备受打击。”A. ashamed羞愧的；B. guilty内疚的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. defeated受挫的。根据前文“His middle school teacher wrongly informed him that perfect vision was a requirement to become a pilot.”可知，老师说飞行员需要完美视力，而他戴眼镜，这个消息让他梦想受挫。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：2014年12月，在社区大学学习大约一年后，Mutawassim决定退学。A. calm down冷静；B. drop out退学；C. break down崩溃；D. pass out昏倒。根据后文“He got a job as a ramp agent (机坪操作员) carrying bags for Delta Air Lines.”可知，他离开校园参加工作。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：这段时间里，他想要从事航空事业的渴望愈发强烈，但他没有信心去实现梦想。A. response回应；B. power力量；C. desire渴望；D. memory记忆。根据后文“to pursue a career in aviation became stronger”可知，他心中对航空事业的渴望越来越强烈。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：这段时间里，他想要从事航空事业的渴望愈发强烈，但他没有信心去实现梦想。A. burden负担；B. duty责任；C. pride骄傲；D. confidence信心。根据后文“That ________ when he met his mentor, Martin helped him ________ for written tests and eventually apply for ATP Flight School”可知，遇见导师之后才有机会推进梦想，说明此时他缺少实现梦想的信心。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：当他遇见自己的导师时，一切发生了改变。A. changed改变；B. happened发生；C. repeated重复；D. existed存在。根据后文“Martin helped him _____ for written tests and eventually apply for ATP Flight School”可知，导师的出现改变了他追梦的处境。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：Martin 帮助他备考笔试，最终申请了ATP飞行学校。A. call打电话；B. prepare准备；C. search搜寻；D. wait等待。根据后文“for written tests”可知，导师帮他准备笔试。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：在这所航校，他在11个月内拿到了必需的执照。A. purchase购买；B. obtain获得；C. suspend暂停；D. arrange安排。根据后文“In spring 2022, after he learned Delta dropped the college degree ________ for pilots, he ________ applied for a position.”可知，拿到执照之后，他才有资格申请飞行员岗位，因此他在航校获取执照。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：2022年春天，得知达美航空取消了飞行员必须具备大学学历这一项要求后，他急切地申请了岗位。A. requirement要求；B. application申请；C. description描述；D. assumption假定。根据前文第三段中的“about a year into his studies at a community college, Mutawassim decided to ______”可知，他从社区大学退学，学历曾是他求职的阻碍，达美航空取消这项学历要求，他才得以申请岗位。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：2022年春天，得知达美航空取消了飞行员必须具备大学学历这一项要求后，他急切地申请了岗位。A. doubtfully怀疑地；B. casually随意地；C. secretly秘密地；D. eagerly急切地。根据后文“To his delight, he was offered the job”可知，一直怀揣梦想的他立刻急切地投递申请。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：Mutawassim说：“这是一个无比美好的时刻。”A. balance平衡；B. platform平台；C. moment时刻；D. angle角度。根据前文“To his delight, he was offered the job.”可知，他成功得到飞行员岗位，这是一个十分美好的时刻。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：他回想短短六年里自己走过的路，从搬运行李到驾驶一架波音767飞机。A. checking检查；B. catching抓住；C. repairing修理；D. flying驾驶。根据前文“To his delight, he was offered the job.”可知，他获得了飞行员岗位，能够驾驶飞机。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：现在，他正朝着下一个目标努力，成为一名机长。A. respecting尊重；B. imitating模仿；C. becoming成为；D. assigning分配。根据前文“he was offered the job”和语境可知，他已经当上飞行员，接下来的目标就是成长为机长。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese idioms represent one of the priceless cultural legacies (遗产) ____36____ (hand) down from ancient traditions, enriching the language with greater power, depth and appeal. “Ji si guang yi”, or pooling collective wisdom, is one such well-known idiom. It captures ____37____ truly matters in the process of decision-makers weighing important choices: one ought to seek other’s advice before taking serious actions. This time-honoured principle gained wide ____38____ (recognize) largely through Zhuge Liang, ____39____ well-known military strategist during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280). In his work “Instructions to Subjects and Officials”, he wrote, “If one holding public office ____40____ (pool) people’s ideas and widely drew on all well-intended and useful views, better-informed decisions would follow.” So far, the expression ____41____ (evolve) into an effective way to improve working efficiency and show respect for the opinions of the masses. Perspectives gathered from different people equip decision-makers ____42____ a more comprehensive grasp of the current situation and help them make correct decisions. Listening ____43____ (humble) to others’ opinions, particularly those ____44____ differ from one’s own, can help one decide more wisely and benefit from collective wisdom. Now the method is adopted by the Chinese people in their decision-making in daily life ____45____ (secure) success. 【答案】36. handed 37. what 38. recognition 39. a 40. pooled 41. has evolved 42. with 43. humbly 44. that##which 45. to secure 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍成语集思广益的含义、出处以及它在当今社会决策中的价值与作用。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：成语是从古传承下来的无价文化遗产之一，使语言更有力量、深度与感染力。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，hand与cultural legacies之间是被动关系，表示“被传承”，所以用过去分词handed。 【37题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：它道出了决策者权衡重大选择过程中真正重要的东西：人在采取重大行动前应当听取他人意见。此处连接词引导宾语从句作captures的宾语，从句缺少主语，指事物，所以用连接词what。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：这一由来已久的准则获得广泛认可，很大程度上得益于三国时期一位著名的军事家诸葛亮。形容词wide后面需要接名词，动词recognize的名词形式为recognition。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这一由来已久的准则获得广泛认可，很大程度上得益于三国时期一位著名的军事家诸葛亮。strategist为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一位著名的军事家”，为泛指意义，且well-known是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：身居公职之人如果集众人想法，广泛吸纳所有善意且有用的意见，就会做出更周全的决策。此处为if引导的虚拟条件句谓语，主句为would follow，是对现在的虚拟，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，所以此处为pooled。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，这个表达已经演变成提升工作效率、尊重群众意见的有效方式。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语So far可知，要用现在完成时，结构为have/has +过去分词，主语the expression是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：收集来自不同人的观点，使决策者更全面地掌握现状，帮助他们做出正确决定。此处为固定搭配equip sb. with sth.，意为“使某人具备某物”，所以此处为介词with。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：虚心听取他人意见，尤其是那些和自己不同的意见，能帮助人更明智地抉择，从集体智慧中获益。此处修饰非谓语动词Listening，修饰动词需要使用副词，形容词humble的副词形式为humbly。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：虚心听取他人意见，尤其是那些和自己不同的意见，能帮助人更明智地抉择，从集体智慧中获益。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指代opinions，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词that/which。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今中国人在日常生活的决策中采用这一方法来获取成功。此处为非谓语动词作状语，表示采用该方法的目的，所以用动词不定式形式to secure作目的状语。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你班在校英语戏剧节中获得一等奖，外教James打算为此庆祝，并委托你调查同学们希望的方式，请你根据调查结果，给外教写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．反馈调查结果； 2．提出具体的建议； 3．说明理由。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear James, Thank you for being so kind as to celebrate our success at the English Drama Festival. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear James, Thank you for being so kind as to celebrate our success at the English Drama Festival. I’ve collected feedback from our classmates regarding which celebration activity is preferred. According to the survey, an overwhelming 88% prefer an outing at weekends, while 59% favor an English movie night, followed by 32% interested in a food party. My preference is in line with the vast majority, so I suggest a hiking trip along the nearby greenway, which boasts lively plants and stunning views. Enjoying food and drinks can also be included. Such an outing is perfect for us to take a break from study routines, strengthen friendship and make our success more memorable. Thanks again for your thoughtful gesture. Anticipating our exciting celebration! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给外教James写邮件，反馈班级英语戏剧节获奖庆祝方式的调查结果，给出具体建议并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggest → recommend 难忘的：memorable → unforgettable 加强：strengthen → enhance 体贴的：thoughtful → considerate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Enjoying food and drinks can also be included. 拓展句：It’s suggested that enjoying food and drinks also be included. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ve collected feedback from our classmates regarding which celebration activity is preferred.（运用了which引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】My preference is in line with the vast majority, so I suggest a hiking trip along the nearby greenway, which boasts lively plants and stunning views.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Eduardo reached into his backpack, searching for his cell phone. He was scared of having to spend the spring break at Aunt Letty’s farm. Although he had protested, his parents decided that spending time on the farm would be a great experience for him. They grew up on a farm and believed that responsibility, hard work, and respect for the land were valuable lessons. “So have you ever ridden a horse?” Aunt Letty asked, trying to turn his attention away from his phone. “Hmmm, no.” he answered. “Well, we’ve got a nice calm horse I think you’ll like. Hercules — sounds like a beast, but he’s basically a gentle giant — big, but kindhearted!” she said, smiling. Eduardo glanced at his aunt, annoyed that he was expected to work. He tried to text a friend but there was no cell reception. The next two days were busy. The crow of the roosters woke them up, and they had breakfast before dawn. Then they went out to the barn to get the feed while the animals waited to be fed. The afternoons were filled with transporting hay, cleanup, and caring for the animals. At dusk, when the farm was finally quiet, Aunt Letty stretched her arms out and breathed, “Just take a deep breath of that sweet country air!” Eduardo, exhausted from his chores, was unable to appreciate his work. On the fourth day, without warning, Aunt Letty announced, “It’s time to meet Hercules.” She led Eduardo into the stables. Aunt Letty was right. Hercules was remarkable! Aunt Letty held her hand open for Eduardo to take. Reluctantly, he let her guide his hand toward Hercules and allowed the magnificent creature to sniff his palm. Softly, Hercules rubbed its nose and mouth against him. “It feels like velvet (天鹅绒)!” Eduardo beamed. An hour later, Eduardo was scratching Hercules on his neck and offering him carrots. Magically, a bond between them formed. That night, as they headed toward the house, Eduardo was inspired. His arms spreading wide, he inhaled (吸气) and said, “Take a breath of that sweet country air!” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。 Para 1: One morning, Eduardo spotted Aunt Letty riding the horse Hercules, and asked if he could give it a try. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para 2: Happy days always flew by, and Eduardo’s spring break was drawing to an end. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: One morning, Eduardo spotted Aunt Letty riding the horse Hercules, and asked if he could give it a try. She nodded happily. So Eduardo put on a new cowboy hat, got on the horse and headed slowly towards the country road. Along the horse ride, the details of the scenery were revealed in front of Eduardo: the fresh air kissing his face softly and the rich and earthy smell of soil floating in the air. Best of all, he was immersed in this peaceful country life. Happy days always flew by, and Eduardo’s spring break was drawing to an end. Mom and Dad were right. The spring break at Aunt Letty’s farm was the best ever experience for Eduardo. Before leaving, he glanced back at the beautiful farmland and inhaled one more breath of the sweet country air. He touched Hercules on the neck softly and whispered to him, “Dear friend, it’s really hard to say goodbye to you.” Sensing the unavoidable departure, the horse rubbed his nose against Eduardo’s palm over and over again. Believe it or not, Eduardo began to appreciate the beauty in life with his own eyes instead of the smartphone camera, and decided he would spend his next spring break in the countryside. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了爱德华在父母的要求下，不得不来到莱蒂姨妈的农场度过春假，起初爱德华很不情愿。第四天，爱德华在莱蒂姨妈的带领下接触大力士，爱德华开始喜欢上乡村的生活。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写爱德华骑马，感受乡村风景，沉浸在乡村生活中。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写爱德华与大力士告别，并决定下一个春假再来。 2.续写线索：骑马——感受风景——享受宁静——春假结束——不舍——做决定 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回头看：glance back at/look back ②低声说：whisper/speak in a low voice 情绪类 ①高兴地：happily/with delight/with pleasure ②轻柔地：softly/gently 【点睛】【高分句型1】Sensing the unavoidable departure, the horse rubbed his nose against Eduardo’s palm over and over again.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】Believe it or not, Eduardo began to appreciate the beauty in life with his own eyes instead of the smartphone camera, and decided he would spend his next spring break in the countryside.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句作decided的宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 长沙市周南中学2026年下学期高三年级十月 英语科月课时作业 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How much does the package weigh? A. Three pounds. B. Four pounds. C. Six pounds. 2. What happened to the woman? A. She was fined. B. She lost her ticket. C. She had a car accident. 3. What is wrong with Ruby’s laptop? A. It fails to be charged. B. It turns itself off frequently. C. It can’t connect to the Internet 4. Why does Julie take exercise these days? A. To lose weight. B. To build up her body. C. To finish an assignment 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A picture. B. A painter. C. A market. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man’s key demand for the rented apartment? A. The rent. B. The location, C. The furniture. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Ride to work every day. B. Rent his friend’s apartment. C. Find information on the Internet. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. How did Eric get hurt? A. He got hit by a ladder. B. He fell from the height. C. He tripped over a brick. 9. Which part of Eric’s body got injured? A. His ankle. B. His arm. C. His head. 10. What does the woman ask the man to do next? A. Lift Eric onto the ambulance. B. Apply some ice to the injured part. C. Send Eric to the hospital for an X-ray. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Jane’s request? A. Getting a pay raise. B. Taking a holiday. C. Gaining a promotion. 12. What does David expect Jane to do? A. Keep working for a period. B. Help the company pull through. C. Share the workload with someone. 13. How does Jane sound in the end? A. Determined. B. Understanding. C. Doubtful. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the man doing now? A. Looking for a new job. B. Talking with a travel agent. C. Having an application interview. 15. What is the man’s main purpose of going to America? A. To go sightseeing. B. To visit his family. C. To deal with his work. 16. What does the woman ask the man about at last? A. The documents. B. The return date. C. The accommodation. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. How did Emily prepare for the competition? A. By doing much research. B. By turning to talented writers. C. By reviewing previous competitions. 18. What was Emily’s primary motivation for entering the competition? A. To challenge herself. B. To build up a reputation. C. To showcase her knowledge. 19. What has Emily learned? A. The necessity of setting goals. B. The value of different experiences. C. The importance of consistent efforts. 20. What does Emily expect to do at the awards ceremony? A. Share her story. B. Listen to a speech. C. Network with other science lovers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Get ready for the 2026 Graceful Envelope Contest — this year’s theme is Courage and Creativity. Please note that your submission includes two parts: the entry envelope and the carrier envelope. Requirements for the Carrier Envelope: We ask that all contest entry envelopes (≤7×9 inches, with original artwork and calligraphy) be placed inside a plain carrier envelope (any size, no external art) that is clearly marked on the front with the contest address (see below) and with correct postage (邮资). Stamps: The 2026 contest will continue to require at least one stamp on the contest entry envelope (preferably one that integrates with the design), but it need not have the full correct postage. For student entries mailed together by a teacher, postage on the contest entry envelope is not required. However, integration of at least one stamp into the design does strengthen a submission. Information: Write your name, address, email, contest division (Adult, Grades 9-12, Grades 5-8) and Instagram account (if you wish, for winner publicity) on the back of the Entry Envelope. Incomplete information will cause disqualification. Submission & Evaluation Deadline: All carrier envelopes must be submitted by May 31 or they will be disqualified. Address: The Graceful Envelope Contest, P.O.Box 3688, Merrifield, VA 22116. Judging Criteria: Entries are judged only on the FRONT based on the contest theme, calligraphy, design, and stamp use. Prizes: Winners receive certificates and online publication. A Judge’s Perspective My advice to entrants is to think outside the box regarding the theme — reject the most obvious ideas! Really let yourself go in thinking of different approaches to the subject. I see each entry envelope as a natural integration of three parts: solid lettering; creative design or illustration; and stamps relating to the theme. 1. What can a carrier envelope be like? A. B. C. D. 2. What will definitely disqualify a student from the contest? A. Mailing the entry on May 30. B. Leaving out the participant division. C. Lacking the Instagram account. D. Turning in an unstamped entry envelope. 3. What does the judge suggest the participants do? A. Integrate natural elements. B. Adopt traditional ways. C. Highlight innovative thinking. D. Explore diverse subjects. B I’m Mayo. In a couple of minutes, I’d be called onstage to introduce myself to 100 people, like other new attendees who’d spoken confidently and gotten applause. Logically, I knew I shouldn’t fear public speaking, yet I was frightened. My body betrayed me with racing heart, sweaty hands, dry mouth, and negative thoughts flooded in: What if I pause improperly when speaking? What if they dislike me? What if I fail? Before my turn, I escaped, my fear stopping me from speaking up again. Having grown tired of fear controlling my life, I decided to overcome it for good. That choice was driven by the saying: “Fear is temporary. Regret is forever.” I arranged a 4-day getaway on my own, leaving behind the Internet, my phone and social media. All I would have was myself. Wandering the countryside and journaling, I figured out where my fear came from: my childhood. Whenever I’d spoken up in front of others back then, all I got was laughter, not praise. Then I had a realization: fear wasn’t my enemy but a protector. I didn’t need to fight it, just reconcile by understanding its origin, valuing its purpose, and then letting it go. By the trip’s end, I’d filled a journal and started living in harmony with my fears, feeling more grateful. I’d aimed to overcome fear, but ultimately got on well with it. Guided by “Face up to your fears and they won’t be your fears anymore,” I took small steps: raising my hand at events, then speaking to friends. Each step lifted a weight. Months later, I spoke to strangers. Chest tightness now came from excitement, not fear. Today, I speak confidently to diverse people. Public speaking isn’t about me, but positively impacting others. Someone in the audience always needs my message, which might change their lives or stop disastrous choices. With this service-focused way of thinking, fear no longer holds me back. 4. Why did the author escape before speaking? A. He forgot his lines. B. He had a sore throat. C. He feared mistakes. D. He hated big crowds. 5. What do we know about Mayo’s four-day trip? A. It made him reconnect with friends. B. It included considerable difficulties. C. It eased his fear by linking to nature. D. It helped him discover the source of fear. 6. What does the underlined word “reconcile” mean in paragraph 3? A. Seek targets. B. Make peace. C. Lessen reliance. D. Try new things. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Learn to Befriend Fear B. Fight against Fixed Thought C. Fear Originates from Inside D. From Speechless to Talkative C At a conference last week, I received an interesting piece of advice: “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a fellow psychology professor. He wasn’t objecting to any particular claim I’d made — he was offering a strategy for pursuing better science, and for encouraging others to do the same. To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back — to the nature of science itself. Despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories change, so do scientific methods. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks, and for scientific arguments to develop into personal battles. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to be viewed as a helpful pointer, a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares. Nosek’s advice may sound pessimistic, but it’s not so foreign to science. Philosophers of science sometimes refer to the “pessimistic meta-induction (元归纳)” on the history of science: All of our past scientific theories have been wrong, so surely our current theories will turn out to be wrong, too. That doesn’t mean we haven’t made progress, but it does indicate that there is always room for improvement — ways to be less wrong. I like the advice because it builds in an awareness of our limitations and a readiness to accept the unknown (“there are things I do not know!”) along with a sense that we can do better (“there are things I do not know yet!”). It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. Perhaps the focus on a shared goal — our goal as scientists and humans of being less wrong — can help make up for any harm in scientific motivation or communication. 8. Why did Nosek send the advice? A. To express opinions about my claims. B. To remind me to be open to criticism. C. To encourage me to take up science. D. To better my understanding of psychology. 9. How does assuming you are wrong help? A. It motivates scientists to make efforts. B. It addresses personal attacks and conflicts. C. It sets a constructive improvement goal. D. It contributes to a deeper insight into yourself. 10. What does the author think of scientific theories? A. Dynamic. B. Testable. C. Pioneering. D. Well-established. 11. What does the author appreciate about the advice “assume you are wrong”? A. It helps scientists avoid criticism from others. B. It confirms that past theories are always wrong. C. It encourages scientists to compete for better results. D. It combines humility with hope and a sense of shared effort. D Why does “bouba” sound round and “kiki” sound spiky (尖锐的)? This perception, known as “bouba-kiki” effect, is reliable all over the world, and for at least a century, scientists have considered it a clue to the origin of language, theorizing that maybe our ancestors built their first words upon these associations between sound and shape. But a new study published in Science adds an unexpected finding: baby chickens make these same pairings, suggesting that the link to human language may not be so unique. The study was led by Maria Loconsole, a comparative psychologist at the University of Padua. She and her colleagues placed chicks in front of two panels: one featured a flowerlike shape with gently rounded curves; the other had a spiky shape like a cartoon explosion. They then played recordings of humans saying either “bouba” or “kiki” and observed the birds’ behavior. When the chicks heard “bouba,” 80 percent of them approached the round shape first and spent an average of more than three minutes exploring it compared with an average of just under one minute spent exploring the spiky shape. When the chicks heard “kiki,” the opposite occurred. One long-standing theory that these associations are inspired by the shape your mouth makes when you say each word can now be ruled out, since the chicks showed the effect despite being unable to speak. Instead the “bouba-kiki” effect may originate from the physical properties of objects themselves. When round objects hit the ground or roll, they typically produce more continuous, low-frequency sounds than spiky ones. A built-in grasp of those dynamics, linking sight and sound, could help newborn animals quickly make sense of their environment, possibly to locate food or avoid predators (食肉动物). The “bouba-kiki” effect may have played a role in the emergence of language. But for chickens, this same tendency seems to serve a more evolutionary purpose. “Even if language is unique to humans,” Loconsole says, “that doesn’t mean that it comes from an ability that is unique to humans.” 12. What does the new study focus on? A. The origin of human language. B. Sound-shape connections in chicks. C. Animals’ recognition of shapes. D. Brain-behavior relationships of birds. 13. In what way do the chicks respond differently to the two sounds? A. Sound localization. B. Reaction speed. C. Exploration preference. D. Matching accuracy. 14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about concerning the effect? A. Its historical context. B. Its potential application. C. Its overlooked limitation. D. Its possible explanation. 15. What does Loconsole say about the effect? A. It originated in birds. B. It shows evolutionary tendency. C. It’s shared across species. D. It’s vital to language emergence. Ⅱ．七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Phone interviews are generally designed to screen out candidates who are not a good fit for the role, while identifying promising applicants to bring in for in-person interviews. ____16____ It gives employers a quick snapshot of your background, personality, and overall “fit” for the position. With this in mind, you can get ready for phone interviews and craft well-thought-out, prepared responses to the most-asked questions. ____17____ Preparing ahead of time for this question lets you reflect on your career goals, past work history, and even personal hobbies going with the position. You don’t want to sound overly scripted, but putting down a few brief notes about your background can make this question far easier to answer. Salary expectations represent another topic you ought to prepare for. ____18____ Does the job list a salary? What is the average salary for this kind of position? In most cases, it works best to state that your salary expectations are flexible — especially if you do not want to risk losing the opportunity. A third key question to anticipate is “Why do you want this role?” At its core, interviewers are trying to figure out what draws you to their company. Researching the organization and bringing up its core values or other specific details will strengthen your genuine interest in the job. ____19____ Last but not least, you will be asked when you are available to start work. This is up to your unique situation. ____20____ If you need more time, you should not only state that, but also explain why in order to show that you’re still interested in the position, but have other circumstances at play that require additional time. A. Surely, you should do your homework beforehand. B. Basically, a phone interview marks the first stage of the hiring process. C. Prepare to account for employment gaps so as not to make you look bad. D. Behavioral questions will tell the interviewer more about your personality. E. Very often, an interview opens with the question “Tell me about yourself.” F. Feel free to convey your strong enthusiasm for the position to your interviewer. G. However, most candidates need roughly two weeks’ notice after accepting an offer. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Justin Mutawassim was 5 years old the first time he took a flight. The Delta pilots on board invited him to ____21____ the cockpit (驾驶舱). “I remember sitting there and being ____22____ by all the buttons,” he said. By age 6, he had decided: “I wanted to be a pilot.” His road to becoming a pilot was harder than he had ____23____ as a child. His middle school teacher wrongly informed him that perfect vision was a requirement to become a pilot. “When I heard that, I was really ____24____,” said Mutawassim, who wears glasses. In December 2014, about a year into his studies at a community college, Mutawassim decided to ____25____. He got a job as a ramp agent (机坪操作员) carrying bags for Delta Air Lines. During this time, his ____26____ to pursue a career in aviation became stronger, but he didn’t have the ____27____ to make it happen. That ____28____ when he met his mentor. Martin helped him ____29____ for written tests and eventually apply for ATP Flight School, where he was able to _____30_____ the necessary licenses in 11 months. In spring 2022, after he learned Delta dropped the college degree _____31_____ for pilots, he _____32_____ applied for a position. To his delight, he was offered the job. “It was a fantastic _____33_____,” Mutawassim said. He reflected on how far he had come in only six years, from carrying luggage to _____34_____ a Boeing 767. Now, he is working toward his next goal of _____35_____ a captain. 21. A. explore B. examine C. operate D. detect 22. A. trapped B. comforted C. fascinated D. disturbed 23. A. continued B. expected C. commented D. remembered 24. A. ashamed B. guilty C. annoyed D. defeated 25. A. calm down B. drop out C. break down D. pass out 26. A. response B. power C. desire D. memory 27. A. burden B. duty C. pride D. confidence 28. A. changed B. happened C. repeated D. existed 29. A. call B. prepare C. search D. wait 30. A. purchase B. obtain C. suspend D. arrange 31. A. requirement B. application C. description D. assumption 32. A. doubtfully B. casually C. secretly D. eagerly 33. A. balance B. platform C. moment D. angle 34. A. checking B. catching C. repairing D. flying 35. A. respecting B. imitating C. becoming D. assigning 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese idioms represent one of the priceless cultural legacies (遗产) ____36____ (hand) down from ancient traditions, enriching the language with greater power, depth and appeal. “Ji si guang yi”, or pooling collective wisdom, is one such well-known idiom. It captures ____37____ truly matters in the process of decision-makers weighing important choices: one ought to seek other’s advice before taking serious actions. This time-honoured principle gained wide ____38____ (recognize) largely through Zhuge Liang, ____39____ well-known military strategist during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280). In his work “Instructions to Subjects and Officials”, he wrote, “If one holding public office ____40____ (pool) people’s ideas and widely drew on all well-intended and useful views, better-informed decisions would follow.” So far, the expression ____41____ (evolve) into an effective way to improve working efficiency and show respect for the opinions of the masses. Perspectives gathered from different people equip decision-makers ____42____ a more comprehensive grasp of the current situation and help them make correct decisions. Listening ____43____ (humble) to others’ opinions, particularly those ____44____ differ from one’s own, can help one decide more wisely and benefit from collective wisdom. Now the method is adopted by the Chinese people in their decision-making in daily life ____45____ (secure) success. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你班在校英语戏剧节中获得一等奖，外教James打算为此庆祝，并委托你调查同学们希望的方式，请你根据调查结果，给外教写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．反馈调查结果； 2．提出具体的建议； 3．说明理由。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear James, Thank you for being so kind as to celebrate our success at the English Drama Festival. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Eduardo reached into his backpack, searching for his cell phone. He was scared of having to spend the spring break at Aunt Letty’s farm. Although he had protested, his parents decided that spending time on the farm would be a great experience for him. They grew up on a farm and believed that responsibility, hard work, and respect for the land were valuable lessons. “So have you ever ridden a horse?” Aunt Letty asked, trying to turn his attention away from his phone. “Hmmm, no.” he answered. “Well, we’ve got a nice calm horse I think you’ll like. Hercules — sounds like a beast, but he’s basically a gentle giant — big, but kindhearted!” she said, smiling. Eduardo glanced at his aunt, annoyed that he was expected to work. He tried to text a friend but there was no cell reception. The next two days were busy. The crow of the roosters woke them up, and they had breakfast before dawn. Then they went out to the barn to get the feed while the animals waited to be fed. The afternoons were filled with transporting hay, cleanup, and caring for the animals. At dusk, when the farm was finally quiet, Aunt Letty stretched her arms out and breathed, “Just take a deep breath of that sweet country air!” Eduardo, exhausted from his chores, was unable to appreciate his work. On the fourth day, without warning, Aunt Letty announced, “It’s time to meet Hercules.” She led Eduardo into the stables. Aunt Letty was right. Hercules was remarkable! Aunt Letty held her hand open for Eduardo to take. Reluctantly, he let her guide his hand toward Hercules and allowed the magnificent creature to sniff his palm. Softly, Hercules rubbed its nose and mouth against him. “It feels like velvet (天鹅绒)!” Eduardo beamed. An hour later, Eduardo was scratching Hercules on his neck and offering him carrots. Magically, a bond between them formed. That night, as they headed toward the house, Eduardo was inspired. His arms spreading wide, he inhaled (吸气) and said, “Take a breath of that sweet country air!” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。 Para 1: One morning, Eduardo spotted Aunt Letty riding the horse Hercules, and asked if he could give it a try. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para 2: Happy days always flew by, and Eduardo’s spring break was drawing to an end. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $