精品解析：湖南省长沙市第一中学2027届高三上学期月考试卷（二）英语试题卷

高三英语二 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the woman want to do? A. Buy some medicine. B. Rest at home. C. See a doctor. 2. How much has the woman spent on carpet cleaning so far? A. $ 300. B. $ 600. C. $ 50. 3. Where are the speakers? A. On a subway. B. On a bus. C. In a car. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A hobby. B. A party. C. A coworker. 5. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. Which fact does the woman mention? A. Fish in the ocean eat a lot of waste. B. Rising temperatures affect the planet. C. Many animals die in natural disasters. 7. What action will the man probably take? A. Eating less fish. B. Avoiding using plastic. C. Cleaning up trash in parks. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. How is the weather in Melbourne? A. Cold. B. Warm. C. Hot. 9. What does the woman decide to do in the end? A. Take a jacket with her. B. Ask the locals for advice. C. Check the weather forecast. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. How did the man master Spanish after graduation? A. By studying by himself. B. By learning from a teacher. C. By living with local Mexicans. 11. What problem did the man face in learning French? A. Showing no interest in it. B. Having no solid grounding. C. Lacking language environment. 12. What is required for language learning according to the man? A. Professional teaching. B. Full language immersion. C. Basic knowledge and practice. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is the man? A. A radio host. B. A dog trainer. C. A researcher. 14. Why should the outdoor beds be raised? A. To keep water drinkable. B. To avoid damp conditions. C. To protect pets from winds. 15. What is Jasmine’s suggestion on taking pets on vacation? A. Be aware of their food. B. Give them a health check. C. Provide them with extra treats. 16. What does Jasmine try to do in the end? A. List dangerous items. B. Recommend some pet toys. C. Stress the necessity of caution. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. How many full-time students are there in the college? A. About 1,200. B. About 1,800. C. About 3,000. 18. What does the speaker expect the new students to do? A. Focus on their studies. B. Work toward high goals. C. Discover their key strengths. 19. What has the college done in the past 10 years? A. It has helped all graduates find jobs. B. It has offered more practical majors. C. It has sought closer ties with local industry. 20. What is the main purpose of the Fresher’s Ball? A. To attract students to the town center. B. To announce the new term’s schedule. C. To help first-year students relax and socialize. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Teen Library Space Coordinator Description The Teen Library Space Coordinator works under limited supervision in the Library Experience Department. This position is responsible for developing customer service practices and spaces for teen customers, supporting the overall teen library experience at the assigned location. The coordinator reports to the Library Experience Manager. To perform this job successfully, an individual must be able to perform the essential job functions satisfactorily. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable competent individuals with disabilities to perform the primary job functions herein described. Essential job functions • Hire, train, supervise, and evaluate subordinate staff and provide guidance for volunteers; • Prepare statistical and financial reports in the assigned area as requested by management; • Perform tasks at the circulation desk (借还台) of the library, including checking library materials in and out, preparing books to be shelved, registering and processing library cards, collecting materials for the book depository (存放处), and securing the library at the end of the business day; • Assist customers with locating library materials; • Maintain, select, and develop a collection based on customer needs and interests; • Receive, review, and respond to customer complaints; • Attend in-service training and/or professional classes, seminars, or conferences to further develop professional skills. Required qualifications Applicants must have a combination of higher education and/or experience equivalent to 7 years, including 1 — 2 years in a supervisory role. An equivalent combination of training and experience may also be accepted if it provides the required skills, knowledge, and abilities. Applicants must gain the legal permission to drive. Applicants should have knowledge of library routines and procedures. They should also have considerable knowledge of books, magazines, and related materials that are available to the public. 1. What can we infer from the position in the first paragraph? A. It offers training to teen readers. B. It supervises the whole department. C. It accepts qualified disabled people. D. It deals with the whole library section. 2. What are the main duties of the position? A. Personnel management and goods sales. B. Staff supervision and collection maintenance. C. Space administration and activity planning. D. Library-card processing and complaint submission. 3. What is a must for applicants? A. A valid driving licence. B. A doctor’s degree in library science. C. Seven years of supervisory experience. D. Hands-on competence in book production. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍青少年图书馆空间协调员这一职位的岗位职责、任职资格与相关要求。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable competent individuals with disabilities to perform the primary job functions herein described. (可以做出合理的便利调整，以使有残疾的有能力的人能够执行本文所述的主要工作职能。)”可知，有能力的残疾人可以担任该职位。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Essential job functions部分中的“Hire, train, supervise, and evaluate subordinate staff and provide guidance for volunteers; (雇用、培训、监督和评估下属员工，并为志愿者提供指导)”和“Maintain, select, and develop a collection based on customer needs and interests; (根据顾客的需求和兴趣维护、挑选和发展馆藏)”可知，该职位的主要职责包括人员管理（雇用、培训、监督员工）与馆藏维护（维护、挑选和发展馆藏）。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Required qualifications部分中的“Applicants must gain the legal permission to drive. (申请人必须获得合法的驾驶许可。)”可知，有效的驾驶证，这是申请人的必备条件。 B Xu Congxiang, 69, a major grain grower in Taihe County, East China’s Anhui Province, reached a record harvest this year, with the wheat yield on his demonstration farm over 800 kilograms(kg) per mu. “In the 1970s, most of China’s wheat yield per mu was under 300 kg. Now, as farming technology continues to improve, our grain output has increased greatly,” recalls Xu. A few decades ago, when Xu was under 20 and had just graduated from high school, he returned to his hometown and became a farmer, taking up his journey of exploring new ways to increase grain yield through science and technology. Back then, a magnifying glass (放大镜) was Xu’s best helper for field observation. Taking a magnifying glass and a notebook, Xu used to set off into the fields at dawn and stay there until the moon rose. “At that time, there was no advanced equipment, such as an insect monitor. We could only use a magnifying glass to observe very small changes in the crops. Some tiny spots on the leaves could be the signal of the output reduction,” says Xu. During those years, Xu wrote many notebooks, which contained detailed information including the time and degree of wind and the growth status of crops. With his rich experience, Xu summed up the methods in the green and efficient cultivation (栽培) of wheat and promoted them to the surrounding farmers. Under his influence, Xu’s children followed in his footsteps to work in agriculture and achieved further breakthroughs. His family focuses on developing high-quality varieties and exploring high-yield cultivation techniques. Since the beginning of this year, a total of fifty new grain varieties have been planted in the experimental field, and seven experiments have been conducted. In Xu’s opinion, modern agricultural science and technology should be applied to help modern farmers increase yield, and he is resolved to make continuous efforts in this field. 4. What can be shown from Xu’s words in paragraph 1? A. The origin of a demonstration farm. B. The advance of agriculture in China. C. The satisfaction of working as a farmer. D. His pleasant memories of the old days. 5. Why was Xu concerned about the small marks on crop leaves? A. They could make the crops look different. B. They might help the crops grow more quickly. C. They could show that the weather was changing. D. They could indicate a possible decline in crop yield. 6. What is the purpose of writing Xu’s children in the last paragraph? A. To explain why large-scale grain experiments are carried out locally. B. To compare the different farming techniques between two generations. C. To show Xu’s spirit and cause of scientific farming can be passed down. D. To prove they are more talented in agriculture than Xu himself. 7. Which of the following can best describe Xu Congxiang? A. Ambitious and devoted. B. Empathetic and pioneering. C. Sociable and independent. D. Industrious and determined. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍安徽太和县种粮大户徐淙祥，依靠科技种田，不断钻研小麦高产栽培技术，见证我国农业发展，并且他的子女也投身农业，传承科学种田的事业。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““In the 1970s, most of China’s wheat yield per mu was under 300 kg. Now, as farming technology continues to improve, our grain output has increased greatly,” recalls Xu.(徐回忆道：“在20世纪70年代，中国大部分小麦亩产不足300公斤。如今，随着农业技术持续进步，我们的粮食产量大幅提升。”)”可知，他的话语展现了中国农业的进步。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Some tiny spots on the leaves could be the signal of the output reduction,” says Xu.(徐说：“叶片上的一些小斑点可能是产量下降的信号。”)”可知，叶片上的细小痕迹预示着农作物产量可能下降，所以他非常关注它们。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Under his influence, Xu’s children followed in his footsteps to work in agriculture and achieved further breakthroughs.(在他的影响下，徐的子女追随他的脚步投身农业，并取得了进一步突破)”可知，写徐淙祥的子女是为了表明他科学种田的精神与事业得以传承。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Taking a magnifying glass and a notebook, Xu used to set off into the fields at dawn and stay there until the moon rose.(徐常常拿着放大镜和笔记本，黎明时分就下地，一直待到月亮升起)”以及最后一段“In Xu’s opinion, modern agricultural science and technology should be applied to help modern farmers increase yield, and he is resolved to make continuous efforts in this field.(在徐看来，应该运用现代农业科技帮助现代农民增产，他决心在这个领域持续努力)”可知，徐淙祥勤劳并且意志坚定。 C In Hawaii, researchers have come up with an innovative method for putting the islands’ plastic pollution to work, covering roads with asphalt (沥青) mixed with plastic waste and old fishing nets. The project is designed to solve the islands’ unique exposure to old fishing equipment, tourist waste, and the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. One key question is whether wear and tear on that pavement might release microplastics into the environment. Initial results show that the asphalt is largely intact. “We’re extremely concerned about this issue,” says chemist Jennifer Lynch, since the promising short-term performance of the asphalt does not guarantee absolute safety in the long run. She heads the Centre for Marine Debris Research at Hawaii Pacific University. The centre runs the Nets-to-Roads programme in which marine biologists collect and sort marine trash and plastic gathered from beaches, picking out waste made with a durable plastic called polyethylene found in milk containers and fishing nets. The waste and nets are ground (碾碎) and then mixed with other ingredients to make asphalt. The hot mix is loaded onto trucks and used to pave roads. In the first stage of the research, three experimental pavement strips were laid: a section with traditional asphalt and a kind of rubber called styrene-butadiene-styrene; another with the ground marine waste and the rubber; a third with the waste and asphalt without the rubber. Eleven months later, researchers collected road samples and ran some tests. The team used a variety of methods to simulate how microplastics would normally be released into the ecosystem. There wasn’t significant microplastic release compared with the strip of road with no plastic mixed into the asphalt, said Jeremy Axworthy, a marine biologist who worked on the programme. Bill Buttlar, director of the Mizzou Asphalt Pavement and Innovation Lab at the University of Missouri in Columbia, says he’s impressed with the programme but notes that the challenges with road performance in Hawaii are different from those in other places. “The main challenge of scaling this up is getting the recipe right,” Buttlar says. 8. What does the underlined word “intact” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Fragile. B. Unlimited. C. Degraded. D. Unchanged. 9. Why are the three experimental pavement strips mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To show how the research is carried out. B. To compare various rubber materials for pavement. C. To introduce different types of road-building materials. D. To prove marine plastic waste should replace traditional asphalt. 10. What is Bill Buttlar’s attitude towards the programme? A. Reserved but neutral. B. Positive but cautious. C. Confident and supportive. D. Skeptical and dismissive. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Tackle Ocean Pollution Across the Globe B. Turn Ocean Plastic Waste Into Roads C. Test New Kinds of Eco-Friendly Rubber D. Release Microplastics into the Ecosystem 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是夏威夷研究人员将海洋塑料垃圾和旧渔网与沥青混合用于铺设道路的创新项目，以及该项目的研究过程和初步成果。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Initial results show that the asphalt is largely intact. “We’re extremely concerned about this issue,” says chemist Jennifer Lynch, since the promising short-term performance of the asphalt does not guarantee absolute safety in the long run. (初步结果显示沥青基本保持intact。“我们对这个问题极为关注，”化学家詹妮弗·林奇说，因为这种沥青良好的短期表现并不能保证它长期绝对安全)”可知，实验初期沥青状态完好，但人们依旧担忧它长期使用的安全性。由此可推断出画线单词“intact”表示“完好无损的，未发生改变的”，和“Unchanged”含义最为接近。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In the first stage of the research, three experimental pavement strips were laid: a section with traditional asphalt and a kind of rubber called styrene-butadiene-styrene; another with the ground marine waste and the rubber; a third with the waste and asphalt without the rubber. (在研究的第一阶段，铺设了三条实验性路面：一段使用传统沥青和一种名为苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯的橡胶；另一段使用研磨后的海洋垃圾和橡胶；第三段使用垃圾和沥青但不加橡胶)”可知，提及三条实验路面是为了展示研究是如何进行的。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bill Buttlar, director of the Mizzou Asphalt Pavement and Innovation Lab at the University of Missouri in Columbia, says he’s impressed with the programme but notes that the challenges with road performance in Hawaii are different from those in other places. “The main challenge of scaling this up is getting the recipe right,” Buttlar says. (哥伦比亚密苏里大学Mizzou沥青路面与创新实验室主任比尔·巴特勒表示，他对该项目印象深刻，但指出夏威夷道路性能的挑战与其他地方不同。”“扩大规模的主要挑战是找到正确的配方，”巴特勒说。)”可知，巴特勒对该项目持积极但谨慎的态度。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In Hawaii, researchers have come up with an innovative method for putting the islands’ plastic pollution to work, covering roads with asphalt (沥青) mixed with plastic waste and old fishing nets. (在夏威夷，研究人员想出了一种创新方法，将岛上的塑料污染利用起来，用混合了塑料垃圾和旧渔网的沥青铺设道路)”以及第三段“The centre runs the Nets-to-Roads programme in which marine biologists collect and sort marine trash and plastic gathered from beaches, picking out waste made with a durable plastic called polyethylene found in milk containers and fishing nets. The waste and nets are ground (碾碎) and then mixed with other ingredients to make asphalt. (该中心运营着“网中之路”项目，由海洋生物学家负责收集和分类从海滩上搜集到的海洋垃圾和塑料，筛选出牛奶容器和渔网中所用的一种耐用塑料聚乙烯制成的废弃物。这些废料和渔网被粉碎后，与其他材料混合，制成沥青)”可知，本文主要讲述的是将海洋塑料垃圾转化为道路材料，最佳标题是“将海洋塑料垃圾变成道路”。  D Self-driving cars have long been backed by the widespread public hope that they will save lives by being involved in far fewer crashes, with far fewer injuries and deaths, than ordinary human-driven cars on public roads. Advocates often paint a future where traffic accidents almost disappear, as automated systems eliminate human errors like distracted driving and speeding. But so far, most direct comparisons between human drivers and automated vehicles have been deeply unfair, creating a misleadingly positive impression of self-driving safety. Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of real-world driving situations and on all types of roads — in crowded city centers, on narrow country roads, in heavy rain, sudden snow and thick fog, at any hour of the day or night. However, most of the published data on self-driving cars’ safety have been recorded in mild weather and on well-marked highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the car’s own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle ahead. Automated cars are reliably good at these simple, repetitive tasks, but so are most careful human drivers. It is true that self-driving cars don’t get tired, angry or frustrated after long hours on the road. But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or sharp anticipation as an attentive, experienced human driver. Nor do they possess the human-like foresight to spot and avoid hidden potential dangers far ahead. They largely drive from moment to moment, making split-second decisions based only on what their sensors happen to detect at that exact instant. To judge whether automated driving truly saves lives, scientists insist that we must “compare apples with apples” — namely, measure automated cars only in the situations in which they are actually driven. If robot cars are tested mostly on easy highways, their excellent safety records tell us little about how they would handle busy city streets full of pedestrians, delivery bikes and sudden unexpected incidents. Until such fair and demanding comparisons are widely made, the promise of much safer roads remains just that — a promise, not yet a fully proven fact. 12. Why does the author say most comparisons between human drivers and automated cars are “unfair”? A. Human-driven cars cause more injuries and deaths. B. Automated cars are tested under far easier conditions. C. Human drivers make more mistakes than automated cars. D. Automated cars are more expensive than human-driven ones. 13. What can we infer about self-driving cars from paragraph 3? A. They have been widely used on all types of roads. B. They can avoid all potential dangers with their sensors. C. They are already safer than human drivers in every situation. D. They may fail to address unpredictable situations as well as humans. 14. According to the text, the author’s attitude toward the future application of self-driving technology can be described as ________. A. subjective B. objective C. opposed D. indifferent 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Autonomous cars have proven suitable for various road conditions. B. Scientists have worked out perfect standards for self-driving car tests. C. Human drivers will soon be completely replaced by self-driving cars. D. The safety promise of self-driving cars lacks fair and sufficient proof. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了自动驾驶汽车更安全的承诺目前缺乏公平、充分的证据，因为现有比较大多不公平：自动驾驶多在简单良好条件下测试，而人类驾驶数据涵盖各种复杂真实场景。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of real-world driving situations and on all types of roads — in crowded city centers, on narrow country roads, in heavy rain, sudden snow and thick fog, at any hour of the day or night. However, most of the published data on self-driving cars’ safety have been recorded in mild weather and on well-marked highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the car’s own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle ahead. (人类驾驶汽车的碰撞统计数据来自各种真实驾驶情况和所有类型的道路，包括拥挤的市中心、狭窄的乡村道路、大雨、突降大雪和浓雾中，以及白天或夜间的任何时间。而大多数已公布的自动驾驶汽车安全数据却是在温和天气和标记良好的高速公路上记录的，在这些地方最重要的任务只是保持在车道内且不要离前车太近。)”可知，自动驾驶汽车和人类驾驶汽车是在不同条件下被比较的，自动驾驶汽车主要是在更容易驾驶的条件下测试，而人类驾驶汽车则面对各种复杂情况。因此大多数比较“不公平”。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or sharp anticipation as an attentive, experienced human driver. Nor do they possess the human-like foresight to spot and avoid hidden potential dangers far ahead. They largely drive from moment to moment, making split-second decisions based only on what their sensors happen to detect at that exact instant. (但自动驾驶汽车还不能像专注且经验丰富的人类驾驶员那样，以同样的技巧或敏锐的预判来应对不确定情况。它们也不具备类似人类的远见，无法发现并避开前方隐藏的潜在危险。它们在很大程度上是每时每刻地驾驶，仅根据传感器在那一瞬间恰好检测到的内容做出瞬间决定。)”可知，自动驾驶汽车可能无法像人类一样很好地处理不可预测的情况。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But so far, most direct comparisons between human drivers and automated vehicles have been deeply unfair, creating a misleadingly positive impression of self-driving safety. (到目前为止，大多数人类驾驶员与自动驾驶汽车之间的直接比较都极不公平，从而造成了一种对自动驾驶安全性误导性的积极印象。)”可知，作者指出目前大多数比较并不公平，会造成误导性的积极印象。再结合第二段对测试条件差异的分析、第三段对自动驾驶汽车局限性的说明，以及第四段第一句“To judge whether automated driving truly saves lives, scientists insist that we must “compare apples with apples” — namely, measure automated cars only in the situations in which they are actually driven. (为了判断自动驾驶是否真正能拯救生命，科学家坚持认为我们必须“把苹果和苹果放在一起比较” ——也就是说，只在自动驾驶汽车实际被驾驶的情境中来衡量它们。)”以及第四段最后一句“Until such fair and demanding comparisons are widely made, the promise of much safer roads remains just that — a promise, not yet a fully proven fact. (在这种公平且严格的比较被广泛开展之前，道路会变得更安全的承诺仍然只是一个承诺，而不是一个已被充分证明的事实。)”可知，作者既没有完全否定自动驾驶技术，也没有盲目支持，而是强调要用公平、严格、可比较的方式评估其安全性。由此可推理，作者对自动驾驶技术未来应用的态度是客观的。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段写公众期待自动驾驶能大幅减少事故，但作者认为现有比较不公平，导致人们高估了它的安全性。第二段说明人类驾驶数据来自各种复杂路况和天气，自动驾驶数据却多来自简单良好的条件；自动驾驶擅长简单任务，但人类驾驶员也不差。第三段写明自动驾驶不会疲劳、愤怒，但仍不如专注有经验的人类驾驶员会应对不确定情况，也缺乏远见，只能靠传感器瞬间做决定。第四段指出科学家认为必须进行公平严格的同类比较；只在简单道路上测试，不能证明自动驾驶能应对复杂路况，所以“更安全”仍只是一个承诺。全文围绕自动驾驶汽车安全承诺展开，说明其安全性优势尚未经过公平且充分的比较证明。因此文章的主旨是自动驾驶汽车的安全承诺缺乏公平且充分的证据。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Street names help us figure out where we are. ____16____ Some names, like 125th Street, are just descriptions of locations. But often, streets are named after people, which places us in a historical or political context too. Not far from where my brother lives in north London is a street called Kitchener Road. Just behind the lamp post is an old sign, made of thick iron, bearing the name. ____17____ That sign seems to say this person was and still is deserving of recognition. But Kitchener Road reminded me of Britain’s history of colonial (殖民地的) rule, as Kitchener (1850－1916) was a cruel British military officer across Asia and Africa. Saying street names are markers of history attracts two types of criticism. One is that it’s nothing more than a storm in a teacup. Street names don’t really matter. ____18____ But naming streets after people responsible for killings means continuing to celebrate them and making that view of history seem normal in everyday life. So what should we do? ____19____ Another option is the Amsterdam approach. There, a street honoring anti-apartheid (反种族隔离) leader Albert Luthuli has a sign noting: “Formerly: Louis Botha street,” named after a prime minister of colonial South Africa. Where controversial names remain, people are also creating walking tours to provide fuller historical context. In Glasgow, a tour was organized to make people know about the city’s role in the enslavement of people. This practice is a creative response to damaging histories and provides local communities with a thoughtful way forward. Walking away from Kitchener Road, I thought of a different Kitchener: the legendary Trinidadian calypso musician. Upon arriving in England, he sang London is the Place for Me. If Kitchener Road must keep its name, I’d prefer to imagine they honor the “King of Calypso,” not the colonial butcher. ____20____ A. This idea works in two ways. B. In my view, such streets should be renamed. C. The other concern is that renaming may erase history. D. Perhaps reinterpreting street names is an approach we can adopt. E. To name a street after a person is a way of honoring his or her achievements. F. Old street names can sometimes encourage people to investigate local history. G. The real question is not whether history matters, but how it should be presented. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍街名承载历史信息，一些以有争议殖民人物命名的街道引发两类批评，文章列举了改名、增设历史注释、重新解读街名等不同处理方案，探讨应当如何呈现历史。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Street names help us figure out where we are.(街道名称帮助我们确定我们所在的位置。)”以及后文“Some names, like 125th Street, are just descriptions of locations. But often, streets are named after people, which places us in a historical or political context too.(有些名字，例如125th Street，仅仅是对地点的描述。但街道常常以人名命名，这也将我们置于历史和政治背景之下。)”可知，前文说明街名可以定位，后文区分了街名的两种类型。空处总起，说明街名有两种作用，引出下文的两类街名。选项A“This idea works in two ways.(这种想法通过两种方式起作用。)” 契合原文内容。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Just behind the lamp post is an old sign, made of thick iron, bearing the name.(就在灯柱后面有一块老旧的标牌，由厚铁制成，刻着这个名字。)”以及后文“ That sign seems to say this person was and still is deserving of recognition.(那块标牌仿佛在诉说这个人过去、现在都值得被铭记。)”可知，前文提到刻着名字的旧路牌，后文说路牌似乎代表这个人值得被铭记。空处应该解释用人名命名街道的初衷。选项E“To name a street after a person is a way of honoring his or her achievements.(以人名来命名街道是致敬其成就的一种方式。)”契合原文内容。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Saying street names are markers of history attracts two types of criticism. One is that it’s nothing more than a storm in a teacup. Street names don’t really matter.(街名是历史标志这一观点引来两类批评。一类认为这只不过是小题大做，街名无关紧要。)”可知，前文提出有两类批评，并介绍了第一种批评观点；空处介绍第二种批评。选项C“The other concern is that renaming may erase history.(另一顾虑是改名可能会抹去历史。)”契合原文内容。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Another option is the Amsterdam approach.(另一种方案是阿姆斯特丹模式。)”可知，后文提到“另一种方案”表明空处介绍第一种解决办法。选项B“In my view, such streets should be renamed.(在我看来，这类街道应当改名。)”契合原文内容。 【20题详解】 根据前文“If Kitchener Road must keep its name, I’d prefer to imagine they honor the “King of Calypso,” not the colonial butcher.(如果基奇纳路必须保留原名，我宁愿把这个名字理解为致敬卡利普索音乐之王，而不是那个殖民刽子手。)”可知，作者提出保留原名，但更换解读角度。选项D“Perhaps reinterpreting street names is an approach we can adopt.(或许重新解读街名是我们可以采用的办法。)”契合原文内容。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Alexander Clark, a former IT professional, found a new career after retirement. As a child, he took a(n) ____21____ to woodwork and music, but his career took a different ____22____. After retirement, he ____23____ his two loves and became a flute (长笛) maker. Clark ____24____ this unique journey at the age of 70, after decades working in IT. He was ____25____ in a musical family, with both his parents ____26____ in music. He played the flute in his teenage years. And his passion for the ____27____ was reawakened in his 40s. Due to a long lack of practice, his woodworking skills have ____28____. One day, Clark found his old school reports ____29____, which showed his best subjects were music and woodwork. That ____30____ his enthusiasm for the two again. Around the age of 70, he signed up for an Irish flute-making workshop. ____31____, Clark spends at least four days a week in the workshop, carefully ____32____ each flute. He has ____33____ his skills in woodturning, silverwork, leatherwork, and French polishing. He even cleared out his garage to settle a lathe (车床), bandsaws, a milling machine and other ____34____. Clark loves the feel of the wood and the smell of it when he is working. He feels ____35____ with his work, stating, “You could call it a job, but I never refer to it as that.” 21. A. objection B. shortcut C. fancy D. attitude 22. A. prospect B. path C. approach D. style 23. A. rejected B. delayed C. combined D. ceased 24. A. continued B. recognized C. ended D. started 25. A. cheered up B. brought up C. held up D. built up 26. A. engaged B. stuck C. lacking D. confident 27. A. composition B. objective C. recreation D. instrument 28. A. worked B. declined C. improved D. survived 29. A. with ease B. on exhibition C. by accident D. in response 30. A. fuelled B. quit C. attained D. anticipated 31. A. Curiously B. Alternatively C. Eventually D. Presently 32. A. observing B. painting C. crafting D. polishing 33. A. registered B. sharpened C. abandoned D. refreshed 34. A. luggage B. belongings C. furniture D. equipment 35. A. content B. bored C. honest D. familiar 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述前IT从业者克拉克退休后重拾爱好，制作长笛，开启全新事业的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：小时候，他喜爱木工和音乐，但他的职业走向了一条不同的道路。A. objection反对；B. shortcut捷径；C. fancy喜爱；D. attitude态度。根据下文“his two loves”推测，他小时候喜欢木工和音乐。take a fancy to为固定搭配，意为“喜爱”。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：小时候，他喜爱木工和音乐，但他的职业走向了一条不同的道路。A. prospect前景；B. path道路；C. approach方法；D. style风格。根据上文“Alexander Clark, a former IT professional, found a new career after retirement. As a child, he took a(n)  ____ to woodwork and music”可知，虽然喜欢音乐和木工，但他后来从事IT行业，即他的职业走了不同的道路。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：退休后，他把自己的两项爱好结合起来，成为了一名长笛制作者。A. rejected拒绝；B. delayed推迟；C. combined结合；D. ceased停止。根据后文“became a flute (长笛) maker”推测，他把对木工和音乐的喜爱结合起来。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：在IT行业工作数十年后，克拉克在70岁开启了这段独特的旅程。A. continued继续；B. recognized认出；C. ended结束；D. started开启。根据下文“this unique journey at the age of 70, after decades working in IT”可知，此处指退休后才开启独特的历程。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他在一个音乐家庭被抚养长大，他的父母都从事音乐相关工作。A. cheered up使振奋；B. brought up抚养；C. held up举起；D. built up逐步建立。根据下文“with both his parents”推测，此处指他在一个音乐家庭被抚养长大。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他在一个音乐家庭被抚养长大，他的父母都从事音乐相关工作。A. engaged从事；B. stuck卡住；C. lacking缺乏；D. confident自信。根据上文“in a musical family”可知，他的父母都从事与音乐相关的工作。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：他青少年时期吹长笛，并且他对这件乐器的热爱在他四十多岁时被重新唤醒。A. composition作文；B. objective目标；C. recreation娱乐；D. instrument乐器。根据上文“He played the flute in his teenage years”可知，此处指对长笛这种乐器的热爱。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：由于长期缺少练习，他的木工技能衰退了。A. worked起作用；B. declined衰退；C. improved改善；D. survived幸存。根据上文“Due to a long lack of practice”可知，长期不练习，技能会下降衰退。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：有一天，克拉克偶然发现了他旧时的学校成绩单，成绩单显示他最好的科目是音乐和木工。A. with ease轻易地；B. on exhibition在展出；C. by accident偶然；D. in response作为回应。根据上文“One day, Clark found his old school reports”推测，他偶然找到旧成绩单。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：那再次点燃了他对这两项事物的热情。A. fuelled激发，给……加燃料；B. quit放弃；C. attained获得；D. anticipated预期。根据上文“which showed his best subjects were music and woodwork.”并结合第一段提到他小时候喜欢音乐和木工可知，发现自己音乐和木工成绩不错这件事，再次点燃了他对它们的热情，fuel enthusiasm表示“激发热情”。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，克拉克每周至少在工作室待四天，精心制作每一支长笛。A. Curiously好奇地；B. Alternatively或者；C. Eventually最终；D. Presently目前。前文“Around the age of 70, he signed up for an Irish flute-making workshop”讲他报名参加长笛制作工坊，此处描述他当下的状态。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：目前，克拉克每周至少在工作室待四天，精心制作每一支长笛。A. observing观察；B. painting绘画；C. crafting精心制作；D. polishing抛光。根据上文“Around the age of 70, he signed up for an Irish flute-making workshop.”推测，他在工作室精心制作长笛。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：他精进了自己在木工旋削、银器工艺、皮革工艺和法式抛光方面的技能。A. registered注册；B. sharpened精进，使锋利；C. abandoned抛弃；D. refreshed使恢复。根据上文“Around the age of 70, he signed up for an Irish flute-making workshop.  ____ , Clark spends at least four days a week in the workshop”可知，经过学习和不断的练习，他的技能有了进步，sharpen skills表示“精进技能”。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：他甚至清空了车库，安放一台车床、带锯、铣床以及其他设备。A. luggage行李；B. belongings财物；C. furniture家具；D. equipment设备。呼应上文“a lathe (车床), bandsaws, a milling machine”此处指其他设备。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他对自己的工作感到满足，说道：“你可以叫它一份工作，但我从不这么称呼它。”A. content满足的；B. bored无聊的；C. honest诚实的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Clark loves the feel of the wood and the smell of it when he is working. ”推测，他对自己的工作感到满足。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On April 4, the first day of the Qingming holidays, 26-year-old Sun Yiheng traveled a long distance to a tea garden in Huzhou to experience firsthand the traditional art of tea picking. For Sun, tea has long been an essential part of daily life in China, which made her eager to discover the way ____36____ fresh tea leaves turn into the drink we enjoy. Although tea was familiar to her, Sun found ____37____ fascinating to learn about the process of making it in person, and visiting during spring, a season associated with renewal, also ____38____ (expose) her to nature up close. Sun is not alone. On China’s lifestyle-sharing platform Xiaohongshu, posts about tea garden visits and tea culture experiences are becoming increasingly common. The enthusiasm for tea-picking experiences reflects a growing tendency among young Chinese ____39____ (step) into tradition in a more tangible way. Zhang Menglu, head of Pu’er Tengyi Tea Co, oversees about 240 hectares of tea gardens in Pu’er. During peak season, 80 to 120 participants pour ____40____ her tea garden daily. Staff members first teach participants to identify the right buds and pick them carefully. Once ____41____ (pick), the tea leaves should be processed quickly to preserve their freshness and flavor. ____42____ staff then guide participants through each step of ____43____ (process), so that they can leave with the tea they have made themselves. Experiential tea picking typically focuses on younger plantation trees, which are easier to manage and better suited for educational tours. By contrast, access to ancient tea trees ____44____ (restrict) to specified zones so as to minimize human impact, which allows visitors to take part in _____45_____ (immerse) experiences and also helps them gain awareness of ecological protection, according to Zhang. 【答案】36. that 37. it 38. exposed 39. to step 40. into 41. picked 42. The 43. processing 44. is restricted 45. immersive 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了清明节假期期间，越来越多的中国年轻人前往茶园体验采茶和制茶，感受中国传统茶文化，并在此过程中亲近自然、增强生态保护意识。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：对小孙来说，茶长期以来一直是中国日常生活中必不可少的一部分，这使她渴望了解新鲜茶叶是如何变成我们所享用的饮品的。空处为定语从句引导词，修饰先行词the way；定语从句中，主谓宾结构完整，空处作方式状语，应用that引导。 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：尽管茶对她来说很熟悉，但小孙发现自己亲自了解制茶过程很吸引人，而在春季——一个与更新复苏相关的季节——前往参观也让她近距离接触了自然。此处为“find+it+形容词+ to do sth.”结构，空处应填it，为形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式短语to learn about the process of making it in person。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：尽管茶对她来说很熟悉，但小孙发现自己亲自了解制茶过程很吸引人，而在春季——一个与更新复苏相关的季节——前往参观也让她近距离接触了自然。and连接两个并列分句，空处为第二个并列分句的谓语动词，主语是动名词短语visiting during spring，第一个并列分句时态为一般过去时，空处也应使用一般过去时，expose意为“使接触，使体验”，过去式为exposed。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对采茶体验的热情反映出中国年轻人越来越倾向于以更可感知的方式走进传统。空处为后置定语修饰tendency，应填不定式to step，构成a tendency to do sth.结构，意为“做某事的倾向”。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：在旺季，每天有80到120名参与者涌入她的茶园。pour into为固定搭配，意为“涌入，涌入……之中”，此处表示参与者大量涌入她的茶园。 【41题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：一旦采摘下来，茶叶应迅速加工，以保持其新鲜度和风味。此处为状语从句的省略，完整的从句为once the tea leaves are picked，省略和主句一致的主语the tea leaves和be动词are，保留过去分词picked。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随后，工作人员会引导参与者完成加工的每一个步骤，以便他们能带着自己制作的茶离开。空处位于名词staff之前，此处指前文提到的茶园工作人员，应用定冠词the表示特指，且位于句首，首字母大写。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，工作人员会引导参与者完成加工的每一个步骤，以便他们能带着自己制作的茶离开。空处位于介词of之后，需要填入动名词形式作介词宾语，空处填processing，表示制茶的加工过程。 【44题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：相比之下，据张女士说，进入古茶树区域受到限制，只能进入指定区域，以尽量减少人类影响；这使游客能够参与沉浸式体验，也有助于他们增强生态保护意识。主句主语为access to ancient tea trees，与restrict之间为被动关系，根据上下文时态可知，此处描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语access为不可数名词，谓语用is restricted。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：相比之下，据张女士说，进入古茶树区域受到限制，只能进入指定区域，以尽量减少人类影响；这使游客能够参与沉浸式体验，也有助于他们增强生态保护意识。空处位于名词experiences之前，需要填入形容词作定语修饰experiences；immerse的形容词形式为immersive，意为“沉浸式的”，immersive experiences表示“沉浸式体验”。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教John提出“Career Plan”和“National Security”两个选项供大家选择。请给John写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的选择； （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear John, I’m writing to share my choice for the new column. I prefer “Career Plan.” With fierce competition in society, many students feel confused about their future. This column not only helps us explore different professions, but also guides us to set clear goals. What we need most is practical advice on choosing majors and developing skills. I believe “Career Plan” will benefit more students. Only when we know where we are heading can we make the most of our high school years. I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestion. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给外教John写一封邮件，就校英语报新增栏目在“Career Plan”和“National Security”之间做出选择并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：choice → selection/option 不同的：different → various/diverse 职业：profession → career/occupation 充分利用：make the most of → take full advantage of 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：This column not only helps us explore different professions, but also guides us to set clear goals.  拓展句：Not only does this column help us explore different professions, but it also guides us to set clear goals.  【点睛】【高分句型1】What we need most is practical advice on choosing majors and developing skills. (运用了what引导的主语从句和动名词作宾语) 【高分句型2】Only when we know where we are heading can we make the most of our high school years. (运用了“only+when引导的时间状语从句”置于句首引起的部分倒装结构，将情态动词can提前至主语we之前，其中where引导宾语从句作know的宾语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。 Amanda felt as gray as the sky outside when she looked across the table at her three-year-old sister. Li sat on a booster scat, drinking from her sippy cup. Wondering why Li was still afraid of her, Amanda took a cookie off her plate and held it out to Li, “Want a bite?” As soon as Li saw Amanda reaching over, her eyes widened. She jumped down from her seat and raced to her room. What an annoyance! Amanda complained to Mom that she had thought being a big sister would be fun. Mom took Amanda’s hand reminding her that Li was in a new country with a new family and how scared she might be. “Honey, she is still getting used to you,” Mom added. “It’s only been two weeks.” Over a year ago, Amanda’s parents said that they were adopting a daughter from China, and Amanda had danced with excitement. She’d dreamed of taking her sister to the park, reading books to her, and teaching her to ride a bicycle. That hadn’t happened, though. In the weeks since their trip to China, Li had only let their mom and dad near her. Amanda had drawn pictures for her, read to her, and made funny faces, but none had worked. Whenever she got close, Li ran away. “I just wish I knew how to help her,” Amanda said to herself, thinking of Li’s frightened eyes. As she sat onto the couch, she turned on the TV and began to watch a cartoon about a dog and a cat. After a few seconds, Amanda realized that the cartoon was in another language. The show looked funny, but she didn’t understand any of it. She frowned, turning off the TV. It reminded her of when they were in China. She had got frustrated when people talked in Mandarin, the language spoken in Li’s province. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “That’s it,” Amanda sped to her room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mom came to the door and found them sitting side by side. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Para 1: “That’s it.” Amanda sped to Li’s room. She gathered all her courage to ask Li in Mandarin whether she would like to see a cartoon with her. For the first time ever, Li nodded her head in delight, excitement shining from her eyes. Although Amanda was nearly at a loss to understand what the cartoon was about, Li spared no effort to make the program come across. Both sisters were immersed in the warmth between them. Para 2: Mom came to the door and found them sitting side by side. Happiness welled up from the bottom of her heart. Not in her wildest dream could she imagine that her two beloved daughters would get along well with each other. It was not until mom patted the two on the back that they realized mom’s presence. Mom was delighted to see the special bonds created between her daughters. With sunlight streaming into the room, the family were in the seventh heaven. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Amanda一直无法取得妹妹Li的信任，最后得知妹妹Li是父母在中国收养的孩子，来到一个全新环境中，最后因电视中正在播放中文动画片这一机缘巧合，使得Amanda逐渐发现了不信任的产生源于语言沟通的障碍。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有办法了”可知，第一段可描写Amanda找到汉语学习资料，入门并运用，接着打破两人隔阂的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“妈妈来到门口，发现他们并排坐着。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈的反应，以及姐妹互动的过程。 2.续写线索：奇怪的隔阂——失望与困惑——找到原因——学习汉语，打破隔阂——母亲欣喜——姐妹进一步互动 3.词汇激活 行为类 鼓起勇气：gather courage / get up the courage 想要做某事：would like to do sth./ feel like doing sth. 尽力：spare no effort to / try one’s best to 情绪类 困惑：be at a loss / be confused 高兴：in delight / happiness/ delighted/ pleased 【点睛】[高分句型1] Although Amanda was nearly at a loss to understand what the cartoon was about, Li spared no effort to make the program come across. (运用了although引导让步状语和what引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Not in her wildest dream could she imagine that her two beloved daughters would get along well with each other. (运用了部分倒装) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语二 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the woman want to do? A. Buy some medicine. B. Rest at home. C. See a doctor. 2. How much has the woman spent on carpet cleaning so far? A. $ 300. B. $ 600. C. $ 50. 3. Where are the speakers? A. On a subway. B. On a bus. C. In a car. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A hobby. B. A party. C. A coworker. 5. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. Which fact does the woman mention? A. Fish in the ocean eat a lot of waste. B. Rising temperatures affect the planet. C. Many animals die in natural disasters. 7. What action will the man probably take? A. Eating less fish. B. Avoiding using plastic. C. Cleaning up trash in parks. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. How is the weather in Melbourne? A. Cold. B. Warm. C. Hot. 9. What does the woman decide to do in the end? A. Take a jacket with her. B. Ask the locals for advice. C. Check the weather forecast. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. How did the man master Spanish after graduation? A. By studying by himself. B. By learning from a teacher. C. By living with local Mexicans. 11. What problem did the man face in learning French? A. Showing no interest in it. B. Having no solid grounding. C. Lacking language environment. 12. What is required for language learning according to the man? A. Professional teaching. B. Full language immersion. C. Basic knowledge and practice. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is the man? A. A radio host. B. A dog trainer. C. A researcher. 14. Why should the outdoor beds be raised? A. To keep water drinkable. B. To avoid damp conditions. C. To protect pets from winds. 15. What is Jasmine’s suggestion on taking pets on vacation? A. Be aware of their food. B. Give them a health check. C. Provide them with extra treats. 16. What does Jasmine try to do in the end? A. List dangerous items. B. Recommend some pet toys. C. Stress the necessity of caution. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. How many full-time students are there in the college? A. About 1,200. B. About 1,800. C. About 3,000. 18. What does the speaker expect the new students to do? A. Focus on their studies. B. Work toward high goals. C. Discover their key strengths. 19. What has the college done in the past 10 years? A. It has helped all graduates find jobs. B. It has offered more practical majors. C. It has sought closer ties with local industry. 20. What is the main purpose of the Fresher’s Ball? A. To attract students to the town center. B. To announce the new term’s schedule. C. To help first-year students relax and socialize. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Teen Library Space Coordinator Description The Teen Library Space Coordinator works under limited supervision in the Library Experience Department. This position is responsible for developing customer service practices and spaces for teen customers, supporting the overall teen library experience at the assigned location. The coordinator reports to the Library Experience Manager. To perform this job successfully, an individual must be able to perform the essential job functions satisfactorily. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable competent individuals with disabilities to perform the primary job functions herein described. Essential job functions • Hire, train, supervise, and evaluate subordinate staff and provide guidance for volunteers; • Prepare statistical and financial reports in the assigned area as requested by management; • Perform tasks at the circulation desk (借还台) of the library, including checking library materials in and out, preparing books to be shelved, registering and processing library cards, collecting materials for the book depository (存放处), and securing the library at the end of the business day; • Assist customers with locating library materials; • Maintain, select, and develop a collection based on customer needs and interests; • Receive, review, and respond to customer complaints; • Attend in-service training and/or professional classes, seminars, or conferences to further develop professional skills. Required qualifications Applicants must have a combination of higher education and/or experience equivalent to 7 years, including 1 — 2 years in a supervisory role. An equivalent combination of training and experience may also be accepted if it provides the required skills, knowledge, and abilities. Applicants must gain the legal permission to drive. Applicants should have knowledge of library routines and procedures. They should also have considerable knowledge of books, magazines, and related materials that are available to the public. 1. What can we infer from the position in the first paragraph? A. It offers training to teen readers. B. It supervises the whole department. C. It accepts qualified disabled people. D. It deals with the whole library section. 2. What are the main duties of the position? A. Personnel management and goods sales. B. Staff supervision and collection maintenance. C. Space administration and activity planning. D. Library-card processing and complaint submission. 3. What is a must for applicants? A. A valid driving licence. B. A doctor’s degree in library science. C. Seven years of supervisory experience. D. Hands-on competence in book production. B Xu Congxiang, 69, a major grain grower in Taihe County, East China’s Anhui Province, reached a record harvest this year, with the wheat yield on his demonstration farm over 800 kilograms(kg) per mu. “In the 1970s, most of China’s wheat yield per mu was under 300 kg. Now, as farming technology continues to improve, our grain output has increased greatly,” recalls Xu. A few decades ago, when Xu was under 20 and had just graduated from high school, he returned to his hometown and became a farmer, taking up his journey of exploring new ways to increase grain yield through science and technology. Back then, a magnifying glass (放大镜) was Xu’s best helper for field observation. Taking a magnifying glass and a notebook, Xu used to set off into the fields at dawn and stay there until the moon rose. “At that time, there was no advanced equipment, such as an insect monitor. We could only use a magnifying glass to observe very small changes in the crops. Some tiny spots on the leaves could be the signal of the output reduction,” says Xu. During those years, Xu wrote many notebooks, which contained detailed information including the time and degree of wind and the growth status of crops. With his rich experience, Xu summed up the methods in the green and efficient cultivation (栽培) of wheat and promoted them to the surrounding farmers. Under his influence, Xu’s children followed in his footsteps to work in agriculture and achieved further breakthroughs. His family focuses on developing high-quality varieties and exploring high-yield cultivation techniques. Since the beginning of this year, a total of fifty new grain varieties have been planted in the experimental field, and seven experiments have been conducted. In Xu’s opinion, modern agricultural science and technology should be applied to help modern farmers increase yield, and he is resolved to make continuous efforts in this field. 4. What can be shown from Xu’s words in paragraph 1? A. The origin of a demonstration farm. B. The advance of agriculture in China. C. The satisfaction of working as a farmer. D. His pleasant memories of the old days. 5. Why was Xu concerned about the small marks on crop leaves? A. They could make the crops look different. B. They might help the crops grow more quickly. C. They could show that the weather was changing. D. They could indicate a possible decline in crop yield. 6. What is the purpose of writing Xu’s children in the last paragraph? A. To explain why large-scale grain experiments are carried out locally. B. To compare the different farming techniques between two generations. C. To show Xu’s spirit and cause of scientific farming can be passed down. D. To prove they are more talented in agriculture than Xu himself. 7. Which of the following can best describe Xu Congxiang? A. Ambitious and devoted. B. Empathetic and pioneering. C. Sociable and independent. D. Industrious and determined. C In Hawaii, researchers have come up with an innovative method for putting the islands’ plastic pollution to work, covering roads with asphalt (沥青) mixed with plastic waste and old fishing nets. The project is designed to solve the islands’ unique exposure to old fishing equipment, tourist waste, and the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. One key question is whether wear and tear on that pavement might release microplastics into the environment. Initial results show that the asphalt is largely intact. “We’re extremely concerned about this issue,” says chemist Jennifer Lynch, since the promising short-term performance of the asphalt does not guarantee absolute safety in the long run. She heads the Centre for Marine Debris Research at Hawaii Pacific University. The centre runs the Nets-to-Roads programme in which marine biologists collect and sort marine trash and plastic gathered from beaches, picking out waste made with a durable plastic called polyethylene found in milk containers and fishing nets. The waste and nets are ground (碾碎) and then mixed with other ingredients to make asphalt. The hot mix is loaded onto trucks and used to pave roads. In the first stage of the research, three experimental pavement strips were laid: a section with traditional asphalt and a kind of rubber called styrene-butadiene-styrene; another with the ground marine waste and the rubber; a third with the waste and asphalt without the rubber. Eleven months later, researchers collected road samples and ran some tests. The team used a variety of methods to simulate how microplastics would normally be released into the ecosystem. There wasn’t significant microplastic release compared with the strip of road with no plastic mixed into the asphalt, said Jeremy Axworthy, a marine biologist who worked on the programme. Bill Buttlar, director of the Mizzou Asphalt Pavement and Innovation Lab at the University of Missouri in Columbia, says he’s impressed with the programme but notes that the challenges with road performance in Hawaii are different from those in other places. “The main challenge of scaling this up is getting the recipe right,” Buttlar says. 8. What does the underlined word “intact” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Fragile. B. Unlimited. C. Degraded. D. Unchanged. 9. Why are the three experimental pavement strips mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To show how the research is carried out. B. To compare various rubber materials for pavement. C. To introduce different types of road-building materials. D. To prove marine plastic waste should replace traditional asphalt. 10. What is Bill Buttlar’s attitude towards the programme? A. Reserved but neutral. B. Positive but cautious. C. Confident and supportive. D. Skeptical and dismissive. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Tackle Ocean Pollution Across the Globe B. Turn Ocean Plastic Waste Into Roads C. Test New Kinds of Eco-Friendly Rubber D. Release Microplastics into the Ecosystem D Self-driving cars have long been backed by the widespread public hope that they will save lives by being involved in far fewer crashes, with far fewer injuries and deaths, than ordinary human-driven cars on public roads. Advocates often paint a future where traffic accidents almost disappear, as automated systems eliminate human errors like distracted driving and speeding. But so far, most direct comparisons between human drivers and automated vehicles have been deeply unfair, creating a misleadingly positive impression of self-driving safety. Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of real-world driving situations and on all types of roads — in crowded city centers, on narrow country roads, in heavy rain, sudden snow and thick fog, at any hour of the day or night. However, most of the published data on self-driving cars’ safety have been recorded in mild weather and on well-marked highways, where the most important tasks are staying in the car’s own lane and not getting too close to the vehicle ahead. Automated cars are reliably good at these simple, repetitive tasks, but so are most careful human drivers. It is true that self-driving cars don’t get tired, angry or frustrated after long hours on the road. But neither can they yet react to uncertain situations with the same skill or sharp anticipation as an attentive, experienced human driver. Nor do they possess the human-like foresight to spot and avoid hidden potential dangers far ahead. They largely drive from moment to moment, making split-second decisions based only on what their sensors happen to detect at that exact instant. To judge whether automated driving truly saves lives, scientists insist that we must “compare apples with apples” — namely, measure automated cars only in the situations in which they are actually driven. If robot cars are tested mostly on easy highways, their excellent safety records tell us little about how they would handle busy city streets full of pedestrians, delivery bikes and sudden unexpected incidents. Until such fair and demanding comparisons are widely made, the promise of much safer roads remains just that — a promise, not yet a fully proven fact. 12. Why does the author say most comparisons between human drivers and automated cars are “unfair”? A. Human-driven cars cause more injuries and deaths. B. Automated cars are tested under far easier conditions. C. Human drivers make more mistakes than automated cars. D. Automated cars are more expensive than human-driven ones. 13. What can we infer about self-driving cars from paragraph 3? A. They have been widely used on all types of roads. B. They can avoid all potential dangers with their sensors. C. They are already safer than human drivers in every situation. D. They may fail to address unpredictable situations as well as humans. 14. According to the text, the author’s attitude toward the future application of self-driving technology can be described as ________. A. subjective B. objective C. opposed D. indifferent 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Autonomous cars have proven suitable for various road conditions. B. Scientists have worked out perfect standards for self-driving car tests. C. Human drivers will soon be completely replaced by self-driving cars. D. The safety promise of self-driving cars lacks fair and sufficient proof. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Street names help us figure out where we are. ____16____ Some names, like 125th Street, are just descriptions of locations. But often, streets are named after people, which places us in a historical or political context too. Not far from where my brother lives in north London is a street called Kitchener Road. Just behind the lamp post is an old sign, made of thick iron, bearing the name. ____17____ That sign seems to say this person was and still is deserving of recognition. But Kitchener Road reminded me of Britain’s history of colonial (殖民地的) rule, as Kitchener (1850－1916) was a cruel British military officer across Asia and Africa. Saying street names are markers of history attracts two types of criticism. One is that it’s nothing more than a storm in a teacup. Street names don’t really matter. ____18____ But naming streets after people responsible for killings means continuing to celebrate them and making that view of history seem normal in everyday life. So what should we do? ____19____ Another option is the Amsterdam approach. There, a street honoring anti-apartheid (反种族隔离) leader Albert Luthuli has a sign noting: “Formerly: Louis Botha street,” named after a prime minister of colonial South Africa. Where controversial names remain, people are also creating walking tours to provide fuller historical context. In Glasgow, a tour was organized to make people know about the city’s role in the enslavement of people. This practice is a creative response to damaging histories and provides local communities with a thoughtful way forward. Walking away from Kitchener Road, I thought of a different Kitchener: the legendary Trinidadian calypso musician. Upon arriving in England, he sang London is the Place for Me. If Kitchener Road must keep its name, I’d prefer to imagine they honor the “King of Calypso,” not the colonial butcher. ____20____ A. This idea works in two ways. B. In my view, such streets should be renamed. C. The other concern is that renaming may erase history. D. Perhaps reinterpreting street names is an approach we can adopt. E. To name a street after a person is a way of honoring his or her achievements. F. Old street names can sometimes encourage people to investigate local history. G. The real question is not whether history matters, but how it should be presented. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Alexander Clark, a former IT professional, found a new career after retirement. As a child, he took a(n) ____21____ to woodwork and music, but his career took a different ____22____. After retirement, he ____23____ his two loves and became a flute (长笛) maker. Clark ____24____ this unique journey at the age of 70, after decades working in IT. He was ____25____ in a musical family, with both his parents ____26____ in music. He played the flute in his teenage years. And his passion for the ____27____ was reawakened in his 40s. Due to a long lack of practice, his woodworking skills have ____28____. One day, Clark found his old school reports ____29____, which showed his best subjects were music and woodwork. That ____30____ his enthusiasm for the two again. Around the age of 70, he signed up for an Irish flute-making workshop. ____31____, Clark spends at least four days a week in the workshop, carefully ____32____ each flute. He has ____33____ his skills in woodturning, silverwork, leatherwork, and French polishing. He even cleared out his garage to settle a lathe (车床), bandsaws, a milling machine and other ____34____. Clark loves the feel of the wood and the smell of it when he is working. He feels ____35____ with his work, stating, “You could call it a job, but I never refer to it as that.” 21. A. objection B. shortcut C. fancy D. attitude 22. A. prospect B. path C. approach D. style 23. A. rejected B. delayed C. combined D. ceased 24. A. continued B. recognized C. ended D. started 25. A. cheered up B. brought up C. held up D. built up 26. A. engaged B. stuck C. lacking D. confident 27. A. composition B. objective C. recreation D. instrument 28. A. worked B. declined C. improved D. survived 29. A. with ease B. on exhibition C. by accident D. in response 30. A. fuelled B. quit C. attained D. anticipated 31. A. Curiously B. Alternatively C. Eventually D. Presently 32. A. observing B. painting C. crafting D. polishing 33. A. registered B. sharpened C. abandoned D. refreshed 34. A. luggage B. belongings C. furniture D. equipment 35. A. content B. bored C. honest D. familiar 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On April 4, the first day of the Qingming holidays, 26-year-old Sun Yiheng traveled a long distance to a tea garden in Huzhou to experience firsthand the traditional art of tea picking. For Sun, tea has long been an essential part of daily life in China, which made her eager to discover the way ____36____ fresh tea leaves turn into the drink we enjoy. Although tea was familiar to her, Sun found ____37____ fascinating to learn about the process of making it in person, and visiting during spring, a season associated with renewal, also ____38____ (expose) her to nature up close. Sun is not alone. On China’s lifestyle-sharing platform Xiaohongshu, posts about tea garden visits and tea culture experiences are becoming increasingly common. The enthusiasm for tea-picking experiences reflects a growing tendency among young Chinese ____39____ (step) into tradition in a more tangible way. Zhang Menglu, head of Pu’er Tengyi Tea Co, oversees about 240 hectares of tea gardens in Pu’er. During peak season, 80 to 120 participants pour ____40____ her tea garden daily. Staff members first teach participants to identify the right buds and pick them carefully. Once ____41____ (pick), the tea leaves should be processed quickly to preserve their freshness and flavor. ____42____ staff then guide participants through each step of ____43____ (process), so that they can leave with the tea they have made themselves. Experiential tea picking typically focuses on younger plantation trees, which are easier to manage and better suited for educational tours. By contrast, access to ancient tea trees ____44____ (restrict) to specified zones so as to minimize human impact, which allows visitors to take part in _____45_____ (immerse) experiences and also helps them gain awareness of ecological protection, according to Zhang. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教John提出“Career Plan”和“National Security”两个选项供大家选择。请给John写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的选择； （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。 Amanda felt as gray as the sky outside when she looked across the table at her three-year-old sister. Li sat on a booster scat, drinking from her sippy cup. Wondering why Li was still afraid of her, Amanda took a cookie off her plate and held it out to Li, “Want a bite?” As soon as Li saw Amanda reaching over, her eyes widened. She jumped down from her seat and raced to her room. What an annoyance! Amanda complained to Mom that she had thought being a big sister would be fun. Mom took Amanda’s hand reminding her that Li was in a new country with a new family and how scared she might be. “Honey, she is still getting used to you,” Mom added. “It’s only been two weeks.” Over a year ago, Amanda’s parents said that they were adopting a daughter from China, and Amanda had danced with excitement. She’d dreamed of taking her sister to the park, reading books to her, and teaching her to ride a bicycle. That hadn’t happened, though. In the weeks since their trip to China, Li had only let their mom and dad near her. Amanda had drawn pictures for her, read to her, and made funny faces, but none had worked. Whenever she got close, Li ran away. “I just wish I knew how to help her,” Amanda said to herself, thinking of Li’s frightened eyes. As she sat onto the couch, she turned on the TV and began to watch a cartoon about a dog and a cat. After a few seconds, Amanda realized that the cartoon was in another language. The show looked funny, but she didn’t understand any of it. She frowned, turning off the TV. It reminded her of when they were in China. She had got frustrated when people talked in Mandarin, the language spoken in Li’s province. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “That’s it,” Amanda sped to her room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mom came to the door and found them sitting side by side. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $