Unit 3 Section B How do we understand differences-【通成学典·拔尖特训】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语（人教版·新教材）

拔尖特训：英语（人教版）八年级上 Section B How do we understand differences? 强基础 一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1.My classmate Tom has a great sense of (幽默)and always makes us laugh. 2.It isn't necessary to explain more.Please give me a (直接的)answer to my question. 3.Kate likes looking at herself in the (镜子)and saying something nice to herself.. 4.When I went to school this morning,I saw an (事故)happen on the road. 5.In the story,the p was very handsome and kind-hearted. 6.My mother has a beautiful s necklace.It shines brightly in the sun. 7.We all believe that true f can last for a long time. 8.My cousin Mike is an h boy.He never tells lies. 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The science experiment in the class today was really (interest). 2.My sister says she really enjoys reading detective (novel)in her free time. 3.You should spend (little)time hanging out outside and more time studying. 4.There is a (similar)between the twins'voices. 5.It's important to learn some skills to solve problems in different (situation). 三、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空。 touch character expect exchange reach 1.My sister to get good grades in the coming exams because she has studied really hard. 2.Finally,we the top of the mountain after a long and difficult climb. 3.The story of a middle school student looking after his mother made everyone cry. 4.The in this cartoon are very interesting.My favourite is the rabbit. 5.Our school often ideas with schools from other cities to improve the teaching quality. 四、单项选择。 1.-Do you have a good of direction? Yes.I never get lost in the city because I can always find the right way with the help of the signs. A.way B.humour C.sense D.chance 2.In my it's a good idea to go camping this weekend. A.opinion B.plan C.advice D.decision 3.易错题 the hard work of the doctors and nurses,many patients have recovered from the illness. A.Thanks for B.Thanks to C.Because D.Since 40 Unit 3 Same or Different? 4.-What places of are there in Yangzhou? -I recommend the Slender West Lake.A boat tour is a wonderful experience! A.interest B.pleasure C.treasure D.peace 5.-Do you know the spacewoman Wang Yaping? -Sure.She is called the mother who the stars. A.gave out B.put away C.looked after D.reached for 6.There are many between American English and British English.For example,the spellings of some words are different. A.differences B.choices C.difficulties D.similarities 五、根据汉语提示完成英语句子，每空词数不限」 1.在一个大家庭里，我们需要尊重彼此的差异，理解彼此的错误。 In a big family,we need to and understand each other's mistakes. 2.例如，弟弟偶然拿走了我的篮球。 For example,my younger brother took my basketball 3.我的妈妈总是关心我们的健康和学习。她确保我们要吃得好、睡眠充足。My mother always our health and study.She makes sure we eat well and get enough sleep. 4.当我在数学作业上遇到困难时，妈妈很乐意帮我一把。 When I had trouble with my maths homework,my mother was happy to 5.妈妈说下雨天不能外出活动，但也有好的一面我们有机会一起在室内看电视。 Mum says that we can't go out for activities on rainy days,but there is also the we have the chance to watch TV together indoors. 六、跨学科历史阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确 形式。 [2025新疆生产建设兵团中考改编]Different times have different stories about famous 1. (character).During the Warring States Period(战国时期)，many states made changes to become stronger.One of the most 2. (success)changes was created by Shang Yang in Qin. Shang Yang worked out a set of 3. (plan).At first,these plans were not easily accepted 4. people didn't believe in him. To solve this problem,Shang Yang came up with 5. idea.He ordered his men to put a thin wooden pole()at the south gate.Then he said anyone who took the pole to the north gate would receive 10 gold pieces.The task was so easy that nobody believed it was true.They all thought Shang Yang was joking.After 6.(see)that,Shang Yang said he would offer 50 gold pieces to anyone who did it. And 7. (final),a man wanted to have a try.He put the pole on his shoulder and walked to the north gate.8. his surprise,Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces. The news spread across the capital.Soon,people were saying Shang Yang was a man of 9. (he)word.Then people 10. (follow)him without question.With his efforts,Qin became the strongest of all the states. 41 拔尖特训：英语（人教版）八年级上 刷语篇 一、 跨学科地理阅读理解。 主题群：历史、社会与文化 子主题：知识科普 语篇类型：应用文 词数：221 难度：★★☆ [2025扬州中考改编]Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes.Here is the information sheet they have made. Part 1:Facts The Great Lakes-Ontario,Huron,Michigan,Erie and Superior-are five freshwater giants.They span eight US states and two Canadian provinces. Part 2:Comparison ·Lake Ontario This lake has the smallest surface area of about 7,336 square miles.Three dams()control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic. ·Lake Huron This is the second largest lake by surface area in the system and is home to Manitoulin Island,the world's largest freshwater island. ·Lake Michigan It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits()of Mackinac,though they are still classed as two separate bodies of water. ·Lake Erie With a maximum depth of 64 metres,this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes.It is generally the warmest,but it also gets frozen more quickly than the others. ·Lake Superior At 406 metres deep,the distance from the lake's surface to its deepest point is about the same as the length of four football pitches. Part3:▲ The Great Lakes provide drinking water,important shipping routes and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture.They also support wildlife,the national economy and the environment. 1.创新考法图片理解)Alex draws a map of the Great Lakes.Which number stands for Lake Ontario? ⑦ Lake Michigan Idam A.① B.② C.③ D.④ 42 Unit 3 Same or Different? 2.Alex wants to try ice fishing as early as possible.Which lake will he most probably choose? A.Lake Superior. B.Lake Erie. C.Lake Michigan. D.Lake Huron. 3.创新考法信息还原Alex finds something missing in Part3.Which of the following will he put in“▲”？ A.Value. B.Change. C.Protection. D.Development. 二、任务型阅读。 主题群：生活与学习 子主题：积极向上的生活 语篇类型：记叙文 词数：218 难度：★★☆ One afternoon,a woman visited her neighbours.When she was about to knock at the door, she heard someone talking in the room. A little girl said,"Would you like some chicken today?"Another girl said,"No.I would like some beef.” Hearing the words,the woman knocked at the door and went into the room.She saw them sitting at a table.To her surprise,there were only some pieces of dry bread,two cold potatoes and a glass of water on the table.The woman said,"I heard you talking about chicken and beef, but..."One girl said,"I just imagined that.In this way,I think simple food will be delicious." The other girl said happily,"When you imagine the bread as cakes,the bread will be very tasty.If you consider the bread as ice cream,it will be even more delicious." After leaving the family,the woman realized that she had a new understanding of life.She found that the key to happiness is not from substances(),but from people's hearts.She also learned that the active attitude()creates wonderful life while the negative attitude wastes life. Life is like a book.Everyone has two pens to write this book.One is picturing happiness and the other is showing sadness. 根据短文内容，完成下列任务。 1.How did the woman feel when she entered the room and saw the foods on the table?(3 个词) 2.What do you think of the two girls?(不超过8个词) 3.In the woman's opinion,where is the happiness from?(不超过4个词) 4,将文中画线的英语句子译成汉语。 5.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。 43 拔尖特训·英语（人教版）八年级上 练写作 “答案与解析”见P14 R润佳作赏析 品读范文，拆解核心技巧▲ 关于朋友，每个人有不同的看法。有人认为朋友之间应该有很多共同点，有人认为朋友不需要 完全相同。你对朋友有什么看法？请根据下面的提示，以“My Ideas about Friends”为题，写一篇不 少于70词的英语短文，谈谈你对朋友的看法。 要点：1.你认为朋友之间是否应该有共同点。2.举例阐述你的观点。3.你对朋友的其他 看法。 [高分范文] 名师点评] My Ideas about Friends 主题扣题：直接阐明“朋友不必完全相 Friends play a very important role in our lives. 同”的核心主题，立意清晰，和题目要求高度 Everyone has different ideas about what makes a good 契合。 friend. ②内容落地：用Although引导的让步状语 In my opinion●，friends don't have to be exactly the从句以及For example引出的例子，把抽象的 same.Although having something in common is great,“朋友未必相同”具象化。Besides的运用不仅 differences can make the friendship more interesting.eFor语义递进地阐述自己的观，点，也表明了自己的 example,I like reading books while my best friend loves“朋友观”，让“论据”不空洞，符合题目的内容 playing basketball We are quite different,but we learn 要求。 from each other. ③语言节奏：用In my opinion、In short Besides,a good friend should always be kind and等衔接词串联文章，段落过渡自然，文章逻辑线 ready to help.e When I have problems,my friend is清晰。 always there to give me advice. ④收尾质感：结尾用“What matters most In short,friends don't need to be alike in every is that we understand and support each way.What matters most is that we understand andother.”,既呼应了标题的“我关于朋友的观，点”，又 support each other. 让“交友”的畅想有画面感，收尾完整且有延伸性。 素材积累 储备金句，提升语言质感▲ [开头句] 1.I think a good friend is like a mirror. 2.For me,friends who are different make me better. 3.A good friend plays an important role in my life. [中间向] 1.Many people say I'm lazier than Emma,but that's not true! 2.I read more history books than he does,and he reads a lot of novels. 3.Emma is more hard-working than me. [结尾句] 1.What do you think of friends? 2.We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 3.As good friends,we should always trust and support each other,no matter what happens. 44 Unit 3 Same or Different? [名言警句] l.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。 2.A life without friends is like a sky without stars.人生没有朋友，犹如天空没有星星。 3.A friend is a second self..朋友是第二个自我。 4.A father is a treasure;a brother is a comfort;a friend is both. 父亲是宝藏，兄弟是安慰，朋友兼而有之。 ]写作演练 实战练笔，夯实写作功底▲ 好朋友之间或多或少有些不同。假如你叫李华，托尼是你最好的朋友。请根据下面的内容提 示，写一篇不少于70词的英语短文，介绍一下托尼和你自己。注意：“☆”表示程度。 Tony You tall ☆☆☆ ☆ serious ☆ ☆☆☆ hard-working ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆ sing well ☆ ☆☆☆ swim fast ☆☆☆ ☆ [思路点拨]1.文体：记叙文。2.时态：一般现在时。3.人称：第一人称和第三人称。 [写作提纲] 引出 My name is...Tony is ..Now let 话题 me tell you… Tony is...I'm...After school, 具体 we often...we like different 描述 things.I'm interested in... while Tony... I don't think...I find that having 表明 friends with both similar and 态度 different interests allows... [妙笔生花] 4515.B until直到；f如果；but但是；so所以。根据句意可 知，此处指如果胡安愿意，卡洛斯可以教他怎么挥动球棒。 长难句解读 原句：He also said that communication is the best way to end a fight. 结构剖析：本句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。句子主 干是He also said,.that引导的从句communication is the best way to end a fight作宾语。the best way作从句 中的表语。 翻译：他还表示，沟通是结束争吵的最好方式」 二、1.B推理判断题。根据第一段开头“Have you seen circles,squares and triangles...Have you thought about their meanings in films?”可知，作者通过提问开始文章。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“because circles represent goodness,happiness and friendliness'”可知，圆形 角色通常友好快乐。 3.B词义猜测题。根据第四段中triangles are stable and don't easily fall down可推断，三角形具有稳固性，不容易 倒，所以stable表示“稳固的”。 4.A篇章结构题。分析全文可知，本文第一段引人形状 的象征意义，第二、三、四段分别解析圆形、方形、三角形的 特征并给出示例，第五段总结并建议观影时观察形状。选 项A符合文章结构。 长难句解读 原句：If you look at the bad guys in cartoons,.you''ll find that they're all drawn with plenty of points and triangles. 结构剖析：本句是一个复合句。句子主干是you'I find that they're all drawn with plenty of points and triangles,其中包含了that引导的宾语从句(they're all drawn with plenty of points and triangles).If you look at the bad guys in cartoons为条件状语从句。 翻译：如果你看一下动画中的坏人，你会发现他们都被 画得有很多点和三角形。 Section B 强基础 -1.humour 2.direct 3.mirror 4.accident 5.prince 6.silver 7.friendship 8.honest ,1.interesting 2.novels 3.less 4.similarity 5.situations =1.expects 2.reached 3.touching 4.characters 5.exchanges 四、1.C根据答句中“I never get lost in the city because I can always find the right way with the help of the signs." 可知，此人在城市里从不迷路，因为总能借助标志找到正 确的路，所以此处在问方向感。a sense of direction的意思 是“方向感”。 2.A in one's opinion是固定短语，意为“在某人看来”，是 符合语境的正确表达。 3.B thanks to表示“多亏，由于”，后接名词或名词短语， 符合题意」 易错分析 本题重点考查词义辨析。最常见的错误是选A。错 误原因是未能准确辨析thanks to和thanks for的含义 和用法。thanks to意为“幸亏，由于”，而thanks for意为 “因…而感谢”。 4.A place of interest意为“名胜古迹”，为固定词组，符合 句意要求。 5.D give out分发；put away把…收起；look after照 看；reach for触及。根据语境和the stars可知，她被叫作 “摘（触及）星星的妈妈”。 6.A difference意为“不同之处；差异”。此处表示：美式 英语和英式英语之间有很多差异。 1.respect each other's differences 2.by accident 3.cares about 4.lend me a hand 5.silver lining 1.characters 2.successful 3.plans 4.because 5.an 6.seeing 7.finally 8.To 9.his 10.followed 刷语篇 一、1.D推理判断题。根据“This lake has the smallest surface area of about 7,336 square miles.Three dams control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic..”可知，这个湖的表面积 最小，只有大约7336平方英里。三座水坝控制着下游的 水流，并设有水闸，使船只可以从大西洋进入，故安大略湖 对应数字④。 3 2.B细节理解题。根据“With a maximum depth of64 metres,this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes.It is generally the warmest,but it also gets frozen more quickly than the others..”可知，伊利湖结冰最早，适合最早尝试 冰钓。 3.A推理判断题。根据“The Great Lakes provide drinking water,important shipping routes and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture.They also support wildlife,the national economy and the environment.."可知， 五大湖提供饮用水、重要的航运路线，并为渔业和农业保 持了丰富的生态系统。它们还支持野生生物、国家经济和 环境，这应是其“价值”。 长难句解读 原句：It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits of Mackinac,though they are still classed as two separate bodies of water. 结构剖析：本句是一个含有让步状语从句的复合句。句 子主千是It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile wide Straits of Mackinac。though引导的从句they are still classed as two separate bodies of water在句中作i让 步状语。 翻译：尽管它们仍然被划分为两个独立的水体，但它通 过5英里宽的麦基诺水道与休伦湖相连。 1.Surprised./She felt surprised.2.They both have an active attitude toward life.3.It's from people's hearts.4.她也了解到积极的态度创造美好的生活，而消 极的态度浪费人生。5.A Useful Lesson/,An Unforgettable Talk/Happiness Lies in an Active Attitude to Life(言之有 理即可) 练写作 One possible version: My name is Li Hua.Tony is my best friend.Now let me tell you something about us. Tony is a big boy and he is taller than me.I'm more serious than Tony.After school,we often study together and I'm as hard-working as him.Though we are good friends,we like different things.I'm interested in singing while Tony loves swimming.So I sing more beautifully than him,and he swims faster than me. I don't think friends need to be alike.I find that having friends with both similar and different interests allows me to broaden my horizons. 拔尖新视野 时文在线 1.A推理判断题。文章开篇直接陈述上海最后一家报摊 搬迁后生意变好的事实，由此可知，本文以陈述事实开头。 2.D推理判断题。由第四段中“But his closure notice drew public attention.Several places offered free space" 知，很多人支持姜俊继续经营报摊。 3.C推理判断题。由倒数第二段中“..visitor numbers have almost doubled'”与最后一段中“..carries warm memories..cultural symbol..”可知，接下来更多读者 会喜欢这个报亭。 4.【拓展迁移】New media have changed people's life,but paper reading is still important.(言之有理即可) 5.【拓展迁移】They are meaningful and carry traditional culture.(言之有理即可) 外刊选萃 1.A snake bites him. 由第一段中“He puts his foot on the snake and it bites him.”可知，蛇咬了萨姆。 2.For about ten days.由第三段中“After ten days Sam is well again.”可知，萨姆可能在床上待了大约十天。 3.Because he is afraid that it is the Black Star..由“‘Do you think it's the Black Star?'he asks nervously.”可知，萨 姆对这艘船感到紧张是因为他担心它是黑星号船。 4.The Red Rose.由倒数第二段中“Our ship,the Red Rose,is going to America”可知，驶往美国的船是红玫 瑰号。 5.We should be brave and help each other when in trouble.(言之有理即可) Unit3主题情境拔尖测评 一、1.A根据“the woodcutters were eating their lunch under a tree...a beggar came walking towards them" 知，此处用when引导时间状语从句。 2.C根据“Can you..a little of your lunch for me??”可 知是想要一些食物，所以是饿了。